【2016年高考考纲解读】
课程标准要求中学生掌握常见的十 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )种时态用法。近三年来各地试题考查最多的是一般过去时、过去完成时、过去进行时、现在完成进行时和现在完成时。高考中动词时态命题，每年每份试卷中都有2～3个小题，每小题均设置明确的语境。一般来说，命题人总是把易混淆或相近的时态放在一起，增加考题的难度。而被动语态的考点大都集中在被动语态的时态，近三年来考查最多的时态是现在完成时，其次是一般过去时。
【重点、难点剖析】
一、高考常考的几种易混时态的辨析
1．一般现在时与现在进行时
(1)一般现在时主要用于习惯性或经 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )常性动作，常伴随使用usually，often，seldom等频度副词；现在进行时主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行的动作或状态，常跟now，at present等时间状语。
He usually writes a lot of letters，but he isn't writing at present.
他经常写许多信，但他现在没在写。
(2)表示客观事实或普遍真理时，要用一般现在时，不能用现在进行时。
The Earth goes around the Sun.
地球绕着太阳转。
2．一般过去时与过去进行时
(1)一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时表示过去某一阶段正在进行的动作。
I was reading a novel last night.
昨晚我在看小说(可能没看完)。
I read a novel last night.
我昨晚看了一本小说(已经看完了)。
(2)一般过去时用于表示一个单纯动作，过去进行时用于表示过去一段时间反复做的动作。
Did he ask questions
他提问题了吗？
He was asking questions all the time.
他始终在提问题。
(3)一般过去时表示过去某个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时刻发生的动作(侧重说明事实)，过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作(强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景)。
He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午画了一张画(昨天下午他做了这么一件事)。
He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午在画一张画(昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事)。
(3)一般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作( ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )侧重说明事实)，过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作(强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景)。
He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午画了一张画(昨天下午他做了这么一件事)。
He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.
他昨天下午在画一张画(昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事)。
3．现在完成时与一般过去时
(1)两者都表示发生在过去的动作。但现在完 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )成时表示过去动作与现在的关系，主要说明现在的情况；一般过去时强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：
They've gone to Paris.
他们到巴黎去了(说明他们现在去巴黎了，不在这里)。
They went to Paris.
他们去过巴黎(只说明去过，不表明是否现在仍在那里)。
(2)现在完成时表示从过去发生到现在一段时间 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )内的任何时间，可与so far，up to now，lately，ever since等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用，但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用；一般过去时表示的是过去某一特定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间。
I haven't seen the film yet.
我还没看过这部影片(到目前为止)。
I saw the film the day before yesterday.
我前天看的这部电影(表明看电影的时间是在前天)。
4．过去完成时与一般过去时
(1)一般过去时通常与具体过去时间状语连用；即使没有时间状语，根据具体的语言环境，我们也可以作出明确的判断。
(2)过去完成时是一种相对的时 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )态，表示在过去某时刻之前发生。时间参照点与一般过去时不同，一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言，过去完成时则是与过去某一时刻而言的，即“过去的过去”。
5．一般将来时与将来进行时
一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态；而将来进行时表示将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
She is sixteen，who will be seventeen next year.
她十六岁，明年将十七岁。
What will you be doing at this time next Monday
下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢？
5．一般将来时与将来进行时
一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的状态；而将来进行时表示将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。
She is sixteen，who will be seventeen next year.
她十六岁，明年将十七岁。
What will you be doing at this time next Monday
下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢？
(2)现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在完成时则常常不带重复性。如：
Have you been meeting her lately？(经常相见)
Have you met her lately？(不重复发生)
(3)现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感彩；而现在完成时往往只说明一个事实、一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感彩可言。如：
Recently Mary has been doing her homework regularly.(显然是在表扬玛丽)
Recently Mary has done her homework regularly.(只说明一个事实)
二、固定句型中的固定时态
在某些固定句型里往往有固定的时态要求，请体会下列句子中时态的运用：
1．This/It is the first/second... time I have done sth.
That/It was the first/second... time I had done sth.
2．It is two years sinc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e he went abroad./It was two years since he had gone abroad.
3．I was about to go out when the telephone rang.
4．Hardly had I got home when the telephone rang.
5．No sooner had I got home than the telephone rang.
6．It won't be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) long before he comes back./It wasn't long before he came back.
7．I didn't manage to understand it until he had explained it again.
8．祈使句＋and(or/or else/otherwise)＋并列分句(并列分句中谓语动词多用一般将来时)
三、被动语态
1．被动语态的构成
英语中的及物动词一般都有主 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动语态和被动语态两种形式。主动语态是无标记的，而被动语态则是有标记的。被动语态由“助动词be＋过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式见下表：
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )
2.主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况
(1)英语中有很多动词，如break ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，catch，clean，drive，look，open，sell，read，write，wash等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物；在这种情况下，常常和easily，well等副词连用。
This kind of cloth washes well.这种布好洗。
The sign reads as follows.这牌子告示如下。
This material won't wear.这种材料不耐穿。
The machine runs well.这种机器运转良好。
特别提醒：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。
(2)表示感受、感官的系动词feel，sound，taste，look等后跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，无被动形式。
Your reason sounds reasonable.
你的理由听起来合理。
(3)在need，want，requir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e，deserve，bear等动词、worth等形容词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。
The house needs repairing/to be repaired.
这所房子需要修理。
(4)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )＋形容词＋不定式”中不定式的主动形式表达被动意义。这些形容词有nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。
The problem is difficult to work out.
这道题很难计算出。(可看作to work out省略了for me)
(5)be to rent/blame/let也属于主动形式表被动意义。
Who is to blame for the mistake
谁应为这个错误接受谴责？
The houses are to let.
这些房子有待出租。
(6)介词in，on，under等＋名词构成介词短语表被动意义。
表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )用，含被动之意，其意义相当于该名词相应动词的被动形式，名词前一般不用冠词。常见的有：under control受控制；under treatment在治疗中；under repair在修理中；under discussion在讨论中；under construction在施工中；beyond belief令人难以置信；beyond one's reach鞭长莫及；beyond one's control无法控制；
beyond our hope我们始料不及；for sale出售；for rent出租；
in print在印刷中；i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n sight在视野范围内；on sale出售；on show展出；on trial受审；out of control控制不了；out of sight超出视线；out of one's reach够不着；out of fashion不流行。如：
The rumor is beyond belief(＝can't be believed)．
那个谣言令人难以置信。
Today some treasures are on show(＝are being shown)in the museum.
今天一些珍宝正在博物馆展出。
【题型示例】
题型1、一般现在时
【例1】 (2015·课标全国Ⅱ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，68)This cycle________(go) day after day：The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.
立意与点拨：由冒号后的句子中的谓语动词warm up和cool off可知用一般现在时。
答案：goes 冒号前为独立的一个句 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )子，故此处填谓语动词。时间状语day after day意为“一天又一天”，常与一般现在时连用。结合下句的时态可知，此处应用一般现在时，主语为单数形式，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。答案为goes。
【变式探究】On Monday mo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rnings it usually ________(take) me an hour to drive to work although the actual distance is only 20 miles.
【答案】takes
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【变式探究】“Life is like walking in the snow，”Granny used to say，“because every step ________.”
A．has shown B．is showing
C．shows D．showed
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。句意：“人生就像 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )在雪中走路，”奶奶过去经常说，“因为每一步都留有足迹。”本句叙述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时。此处show用作不及物动词，意为“露出，显出”。
【变式探究】 The fact th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at so many people still smoke in public places ________ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.
A．suggest B．suggests C．suggested D．suggesting
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意：许多人仍然在公共场所吸烟的这一事实表明我们也许需要开展一场全国范围的运动来提高人们对吸烟的危险性的认识。将题干中that引导的同位语从句去掉可以清楚地看出空格处作谓语。因为主语The fact为第三人称单数名词，且此处表示的是目前的状况，故谓语动词应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。
【特别提醒】
1．经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语如every...，sometimes，at...等连用。
I leave home for school at 7 every morning.
2．客观真理、客观存在、科学事实或格言警句，若出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。
Columbus proved that the earth is round.(客观真理)
3．一般现在时表将来
下列动词：come，go ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，arrive，leave，start，begin，return的一般现在时表将来。这主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。
The train leaves at six tomorrow morning.
4．if条件状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时表将来。
I won't go there，if it rains tomorrow.
题型二、一般过去时
【例2】 (2015·课标 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )全国Ⅰ，61)It was raining lightly when I ________(arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.
立意与点拨：when在句中引导时间状语从句，从句的时态应和主句的时态相呼应，结合主句的谓语动词was raining可知答案。
答案：arrived 句意为：当 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我正好在拂晓前到达阳朔时，天空正下着小雨。分析句子结构可知，when引导时间状语从句，设空处在从句中作谓语，根据本句中的was raining可知，此处应用一般过去时。答案为arrived。
【变式探究】I didn't th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ink I'd like the movie, but actually it ________(be) pretty good.
【答案】was
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【变式探究】(2014·课标全国Ⅱ，45)When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board.I got a place next to the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk.A boy on a bike________(catch) my attention.He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms.
立意与点拨：设空处所在句子为一个简单 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句，分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词；结合语境可知，这里是叙述过去发生的事，由此可得出用一般过去时。
答案：caught 句中没有明确的 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )时间状语，但根据语境中的hurried，got，had，was riding等可知，全文是叙述过去的事情，故应用一般过去时。答案为caught。
【变式探究】When I got on the bus，I ________ I had left my wallet at home.
A．was realizing B．realized
C．have realized D．would realize
【答案】B
【解析】考查动词的时态。我上车后意识到把钱包忘在家里了。结合语境可知，这里描述的是过去发生的一个瞬间动作，所以用一般过去时。
【特别提醒】
1．一般过去时也可与since和for引导的时间状语连用。例如：
I ________ in Londo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n for many years，but I've never regretted my final decision to move back to China.
A．lived B．was living
C．have lived D．had lived
【答案】A
【解析】说话者现已回国，但过去在伦敦居住多年，故应用一般过去时。
2．一般过去时还可与today， ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )this week，this month，this year等时间状语连用，但这些时间状语显然是指不包括“现在”在内的过去时间。例如：
Did you see her today？你今天见到她了吗？
3．如果since从句的谓语动词是静态动词，则表示动作或状态已结束，不再持续下去。例如：
It's two weeks since he was ill.他病愈已有两周了。
It's a long time since she lived here.
她好久不在这里住了。
题型3、一般将来时
【例3】By the t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ime you have finished this book, your meal ________(get) cold.
【答案】will get
【变式探究】 —Ann is in hospital.
—Oh，really？I ________ know.I ________ go and visit her.
A．didn't；am going to B．don't；would
C．don't；will D．didn't；will
【答案】D
【解析】第一空的“不知道”应该是过去不知 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )道，现在已经知道了，因此要用一般过去时，答案在A、D两项中产生。be going to和will都可以表示将来要发生的动作，be going to往往表示计划和打算，而will则表示临时作出的决定，因此第二空应用will。
【变式探究】 Close the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) door of fear behind you，and you ________ the door of faith open before you.
A．saw B．have seen
C．will see D．are seeing
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词的时态。本句为“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )祈使句＋and＋陈述句”句式，结合句意“关上你后面的恐惧之门，你将会发现信念之门在你面前打开”可知，应用一般将来时。
【特别提醒】一般将来时的用法
(1)表示将要发生的动作和存在的状态；
(2)表示对将来的看法、假定或推测；
(3)常用在与时间状语从句、条件状语从句连用的主句中。
(4)“will＋do”表示从现在来看以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，指事物的固有属性或必然趋势。
Fish will die without water.
没有水鱼将会死。
(5)“be going ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) to＋动词原形”多用于口语中，表示“打算或计划要做某事”。此外，还可以表示说话人根据已有的事实或迹象，对未来进行推断。
They are going to meet outside the school gate.
他们打算在校门口见面。
(6)有些动词例如：go, c ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ome, begin, leave, arrive, return, take等，其一般现在时、现在进行时都可以表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或状态。
I'm leaving for Tibet on Sunday.
星期天我要去西藏。
题型4、现在将来时
【例4】 —I'm not finished with my dinner yet.
—But our friends ________ for us.
A．will wait B．wait
C．have waited D．are waiting
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据题干内容可知，这里表示的是此时此刻正在进行的动作，即“我们的朋友们正在等着我们”，因此用现在进行时。
【变式探究】 “The mom ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ent ________ soon”，he thought to himself，waiting nervously.
A．came B．has come
C．was coming D．is coming
【答案】D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【特别提醒】现在进行时的用法
(1)表示说话时正在发生的动作；
(2)表示现阶段正在进行的动作；
(3)表示近期特定的安排或计划；
(4)go，come等表示起止动作的动词可用进行时代替将来时。
(5)常与always，often等频度副词连用，表示某种感彩。如：
He is teaching English and learning Chinese.
The girl is always talking loud in public.
(6)事物作主语时，多用一般现在时表示按计划安排的活动；人作主语时，多用现在进行时表示计划要做的事。试比较：
The train leaves at 10 p．m.火车晚上10点开。
I am leaving tonight.我今天晚上要走了。
注意，下列动词不能用于进行时：
感觉类：look, smell, feel, sound, taste, see, hear等；
情感类：like, love, prefer, admire, hate, fear等；
思想类：wish, hope, e ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )xpect, want, need, believe, think, understand，agree, know等；
其他类：have, contain, win, hold, belong to等。
题型5、过去进行时
【例5】 After school we ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) went to the readingroom to do some reading，only to be told that it ________.
A．was decorated B．had decorated
C．had been decorating D．was being decorated
【答案】D
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：放 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学后，我们去阅览室看书，结果却被告知阅览室正在装修。阅览室显然是被装修的，应用被动语态，B和C可排除，又根据句意可知，阅览室正在装修，动作正在进行时，故用过去进行时的被动语态。
【变式探究】 —When did the computer crash
—This morning，while ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) I ________ the reading materials downloaded from some websites.
A．have sorted B．was sorting
C．am sorting D．had sorted
【答案】B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )【特别提醒】过去时行时的用法
(1)表示过去某时正在进行的动作(不强调是否完成)；
(2)表示某动作在过去某时间段内发生或经常发生；
(3)在口语中，有时用过去进行时表示现在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的想法，语气显得委婉。如：I was wondering if you could do me a favour.不知你能否帮我一个忙；
(4)与一般过去时的区别：
a．一般过去时强调动作已完成；而过去进行时强调动作正在进行(未必完成)。
b．一般过去时的谓语动词既可以延续性的，也可是终止性的；而过去进行时的谓语只能是延续性的。如：
His brother joined in the army in 1992.他哥哥于1992年参军。(join为终止性动词)。
My mother was cooking when I got home.我到家时我母亲正在做饭。(cook为延续性动词)。
题型6、现在完成进行时
【例6】—Oh no! We're too late. The train ________(leave)．
—That's OK. We'll catch the next train to London.
【答案】has left
【解析】考查时态。句意：“噢 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，不！我们太晚了。火车已经离开了。”“没什么。我们将乘坐下一班去伦敦的火车。”根据对话中的关键信息“我们太晚了”以及“我们将乘坐下一班火车”可知他们要乘坐的火车已经走了，故用现在完成时。
【变式探究】 In or ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )der to find the missing child，villagers ________ all they can over the past five hours.
A．did B．do
C．had done D．have been doing
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：为了找到那个 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )丢失的孩子，在过去的五个小时里，村民们做了他们所能做的一切事情。根据句中的can及时间状语“over the past five hours”可知，此处应用现在完成进行时。
【变式探究】 Tom ________ in the library every night over the last three months.
A．works B．worked
C．has been working D．had been working
【答案】C
【解析】考查时态。由句中的时间状语“over the last three months”可知应用现在完成进行时。
【特别提醒】现在完成进行时的用法
(1)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且现在还在进行。如：
I have been learning English since three years ago.
三年以来我一直在学英语。(现在还在学)
The workers have be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )en building the bridge for five months.工人们建造这座桥已经5个月了。(现在还在建)
(2)表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，在说话时刚刚结束。如：
Where have you b ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )een？We have been looking for you everywhere.你刚才去了哪里？我们一直在到处找你。
题型7、将来进行时
【例7】—Can I call you back at two o'clock this afternoon
—I'm sorry, but by then I ________(fly) to Beijing. How about five
【答案】will be flying
【解析】考查时态。句意：“ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我今天下午两点给你回电话可以吗？”“对不起，到那时我正在飞往北京的路上。五点怎么样？”根据“Can I call you back”及“by then”可知动作发生在将来，且根据“I'm sorry”可知动作是正在进行的，故用将来进行时。
【变式探究】 I feel so ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )excited！At this time tomorrow morning I ________ to Shanghai.
A．will be flying B．will fly
C．have been flying D．have flown
【答案】A
【变式探究】 If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring，you ________ fresh watermelon in the fall.
A．eat B．would eat
C．have eaten D．will be eating
【答案】D
【解析】句意：如果你在春天种 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )下西瓜种子，你就会在秋天吃到新鲜的西瓜。根据句意可以判断出这是真实条件从句。If从句中使用的是一般现在时表示将来，主句中应该使用将来时，故排除A、B、C项。D项是将来进行时态，强调“将来某个时刻正在进行的动作”，符合语境。
【特别提醒】将来进行时的用法
(1)表示在将来某一时间正在进行的动作。
(2)表示稍后的安排。
(3)表示对将要发生的动作的预测。
(4)将来进行时常与一些标志性的时间状语连用。这些常见的标志性状语有：
at this time tomorr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ow/the day after tomorrow，from 1：30pm to 4：30pm tomorrow/the day after tomorrow
题型8、现在完成时
【例8】 —I remember you ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )were a talented pianist at college. Can you play the piano for me
—Sorry, I ________(not play) the piano for years.
【答案】haven't played
【解析】考查时态。句意： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )“我记得你上大学时是位天才钢琴师，你能为我弹一下钢琴吗？”“很抱歉，我已经多年没弹过了。”根据答语可以看出，此处指近几年到现在一直没弹过钢琴，故用现在完成时。
【变式探究】—Look！Somebody ________ the sofa.
—Well，it wasn't me.I didn't do it.
A．is cleaning B．was cleaning
C．has cleaned D．had cleaned
【答案】C
【解析】 考查时态。句意：——瞧，有人擦过沙 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )发了。——哦，不是我，我没有擦过沙发。根据语境可知，空处表示有人已经做过某事了，故用现在完成时。
【变式探究】—I rememb ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er you were a talented pianist at college.Can you play the piano for me
—Sorry，I ________ the piano for years.
A．don't play B．wasn't playing
C．haven't played D．hadn't played
【答案】C
【特别提醒】
1．表示过去的动作对现在造成的结果或影响，常与非延续性动词连用，常与其连用的词有already，just，never等。如：
His brother has joined the Party already.他的兄弟已经入党了。
2．表示从过去某时开始，一直延续到现在的动作或状态，通常用延续性动词，常与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如：
I've taught English for 15 years.我教过15年英语。
Where have you been all these years
你这些年去哪里了？
3．表示过去的动作对现在来讲已成为经历或经验。
We've all played with snow and ice.我们都玩过雪和冰。
4．常用现在完成时的句型。
It has been(is)＋一段时间＋since从句。
This(That/It)is the first(second...)time＋that从句。
5．与since连用的句子常用现在完成时，since后常接从句(需用过去时)或表示过去某一时间的短语。
I've lived in this house since I moved here.自从我搬到这，就住在这所房子里。
6．在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时。
【误区警示】
1．易混相近时态区别
例1、The girl has a gr ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )eat interest in sport and ________(take) badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.
易错警示：学生受前句has影响而误填takes。
答案：has been taki ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng 句意为：这个女孩很喜欢运动，在过去的三年里，她一直坚持每周上两次羽毛球兴趣班。根据句中时间标志短语over the last three years可知，应用现在完成进行时，故填has been taking。
例2、I ________(live) in London for many years, but I've never regretted my final decision to move back to China.
易错警示：此题易填have live ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )d，因为受for many years的干扰，误用完成时。注意完成时与“for＋一段时间”没有必然联系。
答案：lived 句意：虽然在伦敦住了许多年，但我从未对最后决定回到中国感到后悔过。根据句意，可知说话者现在并没有在伦敦，因此应为过去时。
2．误用语态
例3、It was turned out that our students were off that day.(改错)
易错警示：不熟悉不及物动词(短语)就改不出来。一、单句填空
1．—Did you enjoy the party
—Yes，We________(treat) well by our hosts.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2．In the last few years，China________(make) great achievements in environmental protection.
答案：has made 时间状语in/ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )over the last few years通常与现在完成时连用。句意：在过去的几年中，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。
3．—Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
—All right.I________(call) him later.
答案：will call ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 据第一句的时态判断，Dr. Jackson目前不在办公室，所以打电话是将来的事。句意：——Dr. Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再给他打。
4．Jane can't attend ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she________(teach) a class at that time.
答案：will be tea ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ching 根据题干时间状语3 o'clock this afternoon的提示可知，动作发生时间为将来；而句尾的at that time为一个特定的时间点，因此，该题强调在将来的大时间背景下的某一个特定时间点发生的事，故用将来进行时。
5．Despite th ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e previous rounds of talks，no agreement________(reach) so far by the two sides.
答案：has been ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reached 本句中的时间状语so far表示“到目前为止”，为现在完成时的标志词。reach no agreement短语中no agreement作主语，reach要用被动，故结合时态可知填has been reached。
6．Marty ________(work) ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) really hard on his book and he thinks he'll have finished it by Friday.
答案：has been working ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) 由后文提示he'll have finished it by Friday可知，work动作发生在过去，延续到现在，现在还在进行，故要用现在完成进行时态。句意：马蒂一直在非常认真地写书，他认为他在周五前将会完成。
7．Just as I got to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) school gate，I realized I ________(leave) my book in the cafe.
答案：had left “ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )我把书忘在了咖啡馆”发生在“我意识到这件事”之前，而“我意识到”是发生在过去的一个动作，故 “忘记”应用过去完成时。
8．It is repor ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ted that a space station ________(build) on the moon in years to come.
答案：will be built 时间状语i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )n years to come(在将来的几年里)，故主语从句的时态用一般将来时；太空站是被建造，用被动语态。
9．Albert Einstein was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) born in 1879.As a child，few people guessed that he ________(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
答案：would be 主句时态是过去时，从句动作在过去的时间上看是将来的事情，故用过去将来时。
10．As you go through ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )this book, you ________(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War Ⅱ had a different experience.
答案：will find 一般将来时表示将 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )要发生的动作或情况。在一般将来时的句子中，有时会出现表示将来时的时间状语，若不出现时间状语，要从意思上判断是否指未来的动作或情况。句意：当你通读这本书的时候，你将会发现数百万的经历过二战的每个人都有不同的经历。
11．He must have se ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nsed that I ________(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？”
答案：was looking 题干中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )没有出现具体的时间状语，可以从意义上去把握。此句在意义上应该用进行时，又根据此句中的must thave sensed和glanced at可知是过去进行时。句意：他一定感觉到我在看着他。他突然看向我然后轻声问道：“你为什么一直那样盯着我看？”
12．I had a st ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )rong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but________(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.
答案：was held 被动语态由“助 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。被动语态的时态变化只改变be的形式，过去分词部分不变。hold back阻隔，隐瞒。句意：我非常想进去玩玩具，但是我幸好被橱窗阻隔了。根据句意，此句含有被动语态在里面，hold back要用被动语态。
13．More expressways__ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )______(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.
答案：will be built 根据题干 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的时间状语soon可知，用将来时。expressways与build为被动关系，用被动语态。句意：四川不久将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地经济的发展。
14．—Is Peter coming
—No，he ______(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
答案：changed 句意：——Pet ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )er来吗？——没有，刚才接到一个电话后改变主意了。根据at the last minute发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
15．In my hometown ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat ______(be) cut.
16．To my delight，I ________(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.
答案：was chosen 主语I与ch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )oose之间为动宾关系；再由语境可知，choose的动作已经完成，故要用一般过去时态的被动语态。句意：令我高兴的是，我被从数百名参与者中选中参加开幕式。
17．—Where is Peter？I can't find him anywhere.
—He went to t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )he library after breakfast and ________(write) his essay there ever since.
答案：has been wri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ting 由句子中的时间状语ever since可知，本句要用现在完成时态或者现在完成进行时态。由语境可知，write动作现在还在进行，要用现在完成进行时态。句意：——皮特呢？我到处找不到他。——他早饭后去图书馆了。自那之后就一直在那儿写文章。
18．The real ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )reason why prices________(be), and still are，too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.
答案：were 根据语境，prices... ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )still are，too high，推出前一空是想说明prices过去也高。故用过去式。该题中still是关键。句意：价格过去高，现在仍旧太高的原因很复杂，短暂的讨论是不能令人满意地解释这个问题的。
19．The young fir ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )efighter insisted that he ________(be) well prepared and ________(send) there to put out the fire.
答案：was；(should) be ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sent 句意为：那位年轻的消防员坚持说他准备好了，并且坚持要去那里救火。当insist意为“坚持说；坚持认为”时用陈述语气，故第一空填was；当insist意为“坚持”时，从句谓语动词用“(should＋)动词原形”，又因为firefighter与send之间为被动关系，故填(should) be sent。
20．Many parents ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )don't want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it ________(be) in their school days.
答案：was 句意为：(尽管)许多 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )父母不愿意去面对，但今天的世界与他们在学校的岁月已大不相同。根据语境及时间状语in their school days可知用一般过去时。
二、单句改错
1．..took him to US, where he introduced to the Internet.
答案：introduced前加was he与introduce是被动关系，句子应用一般过去时的被动语态，故加上was。
2．Today is Sunday. ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )At about 9：00 a．m., I go to the bookstore with my friends.
答案：go改为went 由前面提供的时间状语判断句子用一般过去时，故改为went。
3．Having been seen the film, everyone was deeply moved.
4．Our city had changed a lot in the last 5 years.
答案：had改为has 由时间状语in the past 5 years可知句子应该用现在完成时。
5．Many overpasses ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )have set up, so it has become very convenient for people to travel.
答案：have后加been overpasses与动词set up是被动关系表示“被建立”意义，故句子用现在完成时的被动语态。
6．In the past, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )teachers always keep on explaining the points in class.
答案：keep改为kept 由时间状语in the past判断句子用一般过去时，故改为过去式kept。
7．The river wa ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s so polluted that itwas actually caught fire and burned.
答案：去掉第二个was catch fire没有被动语态。
8．Nowadays there was a kindof language called Web language.
答案：was改为is 根据时间状语nowadays判断句子用一般现在时。
9．Last Friday our sch ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ool wasinvited a foreign teacher in our city to give a class to thestudents of Senior Grade Two.
答案：去掉was 此处表示“我们学校邀请了……”，our school与invite是主动关系，故去掉was，句子用一般过去时。
10．Sometimes he repeated what we don't understand.
答案：don't改为didn't 根据主句时态判断从句也用一般过去时。
三、语法填空
I never thought I __1__(be) friends with an Israeli girl, because Israel always seemed so distant.However it just happened __2__(natural)．
In September, I took ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) part in a cultural exchange activity at my school and hosted __3__ Israeli girl called Maayan, my best foreign friend ever.
When I first m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et her, she told me in a very embarrassing way that she __4__(leave) her luggage at the airport. I had to contact the airport and asked them to send __5__ to my home. This incident brought us closer, because we can both be careless. There __6__(be) no better and faster way to make friends than sharing the same shortcoming.
We did every ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )thing that close friends would do during her stay in China. I found it __7__(amaze) to have so much in common with someone from somewhere far away from China. We __8__(exchange) knowledge of our countries' traditions and histories. Time flew. We had to be apart __9__ we knew it. At the airport, we made the promise to send emails regularly. And since then we __10__(keep) in touch.
1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______
6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______
答案：
1．would be 此处表示“从来没有想到会做……”，故从句用过去将来时。
2．naturally 修饰动词happen应用副词。
3．an 泛指“一个以色列女孩”，用不定冠词；Israeli是以元音音素开头的单词，故填an。
4．had left leave her luggage这一动作发生在过去动作told之前，应用过去完成时。
5．it send的宾语指的是前面提到的行李，故用代词it代替。
6．is there be句式中的be动词与其后的名词way一致，句子用一般现在时表示客观事实，故填is。
7．amazing 修饰指代事物的宾语it，作补语，填形容词amazing“令人惊讶的”。
8．exchanged 由本段前面句子的时态判断可知，exchange knowledge是过去的事情，本句应用一般过去时。
9．before 本句意为“不知不觉中我们就不得不要分开了”，be apart应是在knew之前发生，故填before。
10．have kept 由since then可知句子用现在完成时。
四、短文改错
This morning ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ), when I is walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looked puzzled. It seemed that they were lost. I went up and asked what I could help them. They told me they are looking for the Temple of Heaven. I led them to nearest bus stop and advised them to take Bus No. 20, who could take them there directly. They were appreciated my help greatly. Short after that, the bus came and we waved goodbye each other. This was seeing them on the bus that I felt a kind of satisfaction.
答案：
This morning, when I ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) iswas walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, lookedlooking puzzled. It seemed that they were lost. I went up and asked whathow/if/whether I could help them. They told me they arewere looking for the Temple of Heaven. I led them to ∧thenearest bus stop and advised them to take Bus No. 20, whowhich could take them there directly. They were appreciated my help greatly. ShortShortly after that, the bus came and we waved goodbye ∧to each other. ThisIt was seeing them on the bus that I felt a kind of satisfaction.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )第四处：are→were 主句中told和文章的基本时态一致，所以从句中应把are改为were，表示当时正在发生的事情。句意为：他们告诉我他们正在找天坛在哪里。
第五处：nearest前加the 形容词最高级前用定冠词the。the nearest bus stop意为“最近的公交车站”。
第六处：who→which 此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Bus No.20，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which。
第七处：去掉appreciated前的were 由语境可知，他们感激我的帮助，所以应用主动形式。
第八处：Short→Shortly 表示“不久，很快”用shortly。
第九处：goodbye后加to wave goodbye to sb.为固定用法，意为“向某人告别”。
第十处：This→It 本句是一个强调句型，句型结构为it is...that...，故将This改为It。1. Then the driver sto ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )od up and asked，“ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？”
答案 Did
2. Her mother was ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )excited.“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，” Jane (inform).
解析 考查一般过去时的被动语态。因Jane与 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )动词inform之间为被动关系，再结合前面的was excited，根据时态一致的原则，此处也要用一般过去时。
答案 was informed
3. Being too anxious t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )o help an event develop often (result) in the contrary to our intention.
解析 考查一般现在时。从句子结构分析，动名 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )词短语Being too anxious to help an event develop作主语，result是谓语动词，应当考虑时态；根据句子意思“急于求成，往往事与愿违”，是客观真理，应当用一般现在时，故填results。
答案 results
4. By April 2008，over 10 million articles (put) on Wikipedia.
解析 考查过去完成时的被动语态。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意：到2008年4月份，1千多万文章已经登在维基百科上。和时间状语by April 2008连用谓语动词要用过去完成时，而且主语articles和动词put之间是被动关系。
答案 had been put
5. Tai Chi (call) “shadow boxing” in English.
解析 考查一般现在时的被动语态。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意：太极在英语中被称为shadow boxing。主语Tai Chi与动词call之间为被动关系，且这是一个客观事实，故要用一般现在时的被动语态形式。
答案 is called
6.A comprehensive ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) study (report) that of the nearly 3，000 cyclist－motorist crashes that occurred between 2000 and 2010，about 20 percent were hit－and－runs.
解析 考查时态。句意：一个调查报道说，在 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2000到2010年至少发生了3000起事故，百分之二十的逃逸率。根据后面的occurred可知此处要用一般过去时。
答案 reported
7. For thousan ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ds of years，the festival (mark) by eating Zongzi and racing dragon boats in honour of Qu Yuan.
解析 考查时态。由时间状语for tho ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )usands of years可知，谓语动词要用现在完成时，表示端午节一直以来都以吃粽子和赛龙舟的方式进行庆祝。
答案 has been marked
8. I'm so sorry，but ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sometimes the bus can (delay) by some problems.
解析 考查语态。the bus和delay之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
答案 be delayed
9. Now college gra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )duates (encourage) to start their own business，which sounds really good for us.
解析 考查时态和语态。句意：现在大学毕业生 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )正在被鼓励自主创业，对我们来说这听起来不错。根据时间状语now可知是正在进行时，学生与鼓励之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。
答案 are being encouraged
10. So far I (adopt) and taught children for over 35 years.
解析 考查时态。根据时间状语so far“到目前为止”可知，该状语要与现在完成时连用。
答案 have adopted
11.So the questions m ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ust (deal) with carefully，the same way you would handle any other hot potato.
答案 be dealt
12. As a child，I liv ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed in a poor family...the worst impression is that I (feel) hungry all the time.
解析 考查时态。根据时间状语all the time 可知此处要用进行时态，表示“一直”，这里是过去的事情，所以用过去进行时。
答案 was feeling
13. Sandy：What about his sister，Kate Did she pass
Tom：Oh，yes.It seems she (get) good marks.
解析 考查时态。答句意为“好象她得了高分”。发生在过去的事要用一般过去时。
答案 got
14. I think Chi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nese people choose chopsticks，rather than knives and forks，because Chinese people，under the influence of Confucianism， (consider) knives and forks as symbolizing a type of violence traditionally.
解析 考查时态。中国人在儒家思想的影响下，传统地认为刀和叉是暴力的象征。此处表示对现在造成的影响和结果，故要用现在完成时。
答案 have considered
15. He jumped out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) of the car， (seize) a boy and pushed him up against the parked car.
解析 考查一般过去时。他从汽车里面跳了出来，抓住一个男孩。和jumped，pushed构成并列谓语，故要用一般过去时。
答案 seized
16. Simon：Right.And how many people are coming Did you say about 8
Linda：Yes，they said 8 at first，but (change) to 6 this morning.
解析 考查一般过去时。他们一开始说是8个人，但是后来改成了6个。根据时间状语this morning可知此处要用一般过去时。
答案 changed
17. He goes to a Bu ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ddhist monk for advice and expects to (tell) how to live a more simple life.
答案 be told
18. “He (hurt)，and he's too heavy for me”.
解析 考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：他受伤 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )了，对我来说他太重了。he和动词hurt之间是被动关系，且说的是客观事实，故要用一般现在时的被动语态形式。
答案 is hurt
19. He (work) hard at his lessons every evening for months.He wants to go to Oxford University next year.
解析 考查现在完成进行时。这几个月他一直在努力学习。用现在完成进行时表示最近一直在做的事情。
答案 has been working
20. If you (happen) meet a girl online who is intelligent，kind，honest，and you get a good feeling of her，won't you have the desire to get to know her in person
解析 考查动词的时态和固定表达。条件状语从句要用一般现在时表将来，happen to do sth碰巧做某事。
答案 happen to
21. There (be) more than 100 million references to the word “tuhao” on social media since early September this year.
解析 考查现在完成时。九月份上旬以来，“土豪 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )”一词在中国社交网络上出现了1亿多次。和时间状语since early September this year 连用，要用现在完成时。
答案 have been
22. All the discoveri ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )es in human history have (make) as a result of curiosity.
解析 考查被动语态。the d ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )iscoveries和动词make之间为动宾关系，空格前的have表明句子用现在完成时，故要用现在完成时的被动语态。
答案 been made
23. Besides，shopping a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t this time of the year was not a pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or (push) you with their elbows(肘部).
解析 考查一般过去时。根据连词or可知，动词push与stepped并列，所以也要用一般过去时。
答案 pushed
24. The machine (equip) with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a mini shop with a brick front，a grey roof and a display window.
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )答案 is equipped
25. In recent ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) years，the commercial pressure from supermarket chains (force) village shops across the country to close.
解析 考查现在完成时。句意：近几年，来自超市 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )连锁店的压力已经迫使乡村商店关门。in recent years相当于recently，和现在完成时连用，因为主语是pressure，所以谓语要用单数形式。
答案 has forced1. 【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上学期期中考试】The first thing you must remember is that in order to succeed, it is almost compulsory that you ______ optimistic.
A. be B. are C. must be D. have been
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查固定句式
2. 【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )学期期中考试】A good interviewer is able to tell very quickly if you’ve done your homework about the company, so make sure you !
A. do B. have C. will do D. did
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词。句意： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一个优秀的面试官能够很快判断出你是否做了功课去了解公司，因此一定要确保你做了准备。故选B。这儿“make sure you have”是“make sure you have done your homework about the company”的省略。
考点：省略句
3.【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )上学期期中考试】One of the firms I applied to has offered me a job but I _____ my options open until I hear from the others.
A. have kept B. will have kept C. am keeping D. keep
【答案】C
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词时态。句意：我申 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )请了几家公司，其中一家答应给我一份工作，但我想等另外几家公司有了回音再作决定。(字面意思：……但是直到我收到其它公司信息我才公布我的选择)。这里用现在进行时表示将来。
考点：考查动词时态
4.【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上学期 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期中考试】Don’t worry. They ______ to consider your advice. Let me remind them of it now.
A. could forg ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )et B. could have forgotten C. should have forgotten D. should forget
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查含情态动词 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的完成式。句意：不要担心。他们可能已经忘记了考虑你的建议。我现在就来提醒他们。could have done(1)可能已经做了某事(2)本来能做而没有做。故选B。
【名师点拨】
“情态动词+完成式”的用法归纳
1. must + have done：用于肯定句，表示推测，意为“一定(已经)……”。
2. can + have done：用于否定句或疑问句，表示推测，意为“可能(已经)……”。
3. could + have don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e：可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，表示推测、责备或遗憾等，意为“可能……”、“本来可以……”、“本来应该……”等。
4. should [ought to] + have done：可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，表示责备或遗憾等，意为“本来应该……”。
5. need + have done：用于否定句或疑问句，用于否定时意为“本来不必”，用于疑问句时意为“有必要……吗”。
6. may + have done：用于肯定句或否定句，表示推测，意为“可能(已经)……”。
7. might + have don ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e：用于肯定句或否定句，表示推测，意为“可能(已经)……(此时 might 可换为 may)；另外还可以表示过来可能发生的事结果未发生，意为“本来会……”(此时 might 不能换为 may)。
考点：考查含情态动词的完成式
5. 【江苏省如东高级中学2016 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )届高三上学期期中考试】At the age of 14, Father had to leave school and start working. There would be no one to support the family _______ he not worked.
A. did B. has C. had D. was
【答案】C
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查动词时态
6.【江苏省如东高级中学2016届高三上学期期中考试】—The dinner was very good. I am so full.
—That’s too bad. But some dessert ________.
A. has been ordered ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) B. will be ordered C. was going to order D. has ordered
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词的时态及语态在交际 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )中的应用。句意：——晚餐很好吃。我都吃这么饱了。——这可太糟糕了。都已经点了一些甜点心了。根据主语与谓语动词的关系可知是被订购，于是排除选项C和D；选项A表示已经发生的事情，同时又是被动语态；选项B表示将要发生的事情；根据前面的That’s too bad.可知，事情已经发生，于是正确答案选A。
【名师点拨】
book预定(表示预定机票、船票、戏票等票和预定房间)； order预定(表示预定饭菜)。
考点：考查动词的时态及语态在交际中的应用
7. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学2016 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )届高三9月月考】 As you know, I have just returned from my holidays in Athens, where I _____ for a fortnight.
A. stayed
B. had stayed
C. would stay
D. was staying
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查动词的时态和语态
8. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )2016届高三9月月考】 As well as having a national flag, many countries use a certain flower as their national _____.
A. symbol
B. sign
C. mark
D. signal
【答案】A
【解析】
试题分析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：像拥 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )有一个国旗一样，很多国家用一种花作为他们的国际的象征。 A. symbol象征；B. sign签约；C. mark标志；D. signal信号；根据句意可知选A。
考点：考查名词词义辨析
9. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学2016届高 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )三9月月考】 An idiom often cannot be understood by looking at the meaning of its separate words. ________, its meaning can be very different from the apparent meanings of its components.
A. All in all
B. In other words
C. In a word
D. Whats more
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查名词词组辨析。 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )句意：一个谚语通常只拆开看单词的意思是不能背理解的，换一种方式来说，它的意思可能和它们表面成分的意思很不相同。 A. All in all总的来说；B. In other words换一种方式；C. In a word总之；D. Whats more而且；根据句意可知选B。
考点：考查名词词组辨析
10. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学201 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6届高三9月月考】 The British increased control over their American colonies, soldiers ________ there to ensure that the Americans would obey them.
A. were stationed
B. to be stationed
C. being stationed
D. stationed
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词的时态和语态。句意： ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )英国人加强了对美国殖民地的控制，士兵们安置在那里确保美国人服从他们。 这里过去分词做伴随状语，所以用stationed，故选D。
考点：考查动词的时态和语态
11. 【 江苏省淮安市淮海中学201 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6届高三9月月考】 Do you think he would have given you a hand in your time of financial difficulty
He ________ had he known about it. After all, we are good friends.
A. wouldn’t have
B. should have
C.couldn’t have
D. must have
【答案】B
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查情态动词的用法
12.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期期中 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考试】Nowadays a strange, new dilemma faces Chinese pedestrians: should you help an elderly person who ________ into the street
A. is falling B. has fallen C. had fallen D. was falling
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如今中国行人面临着一 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )种奇怪、新的困境：该不该帮助摔倒在马路上的老人？此处指已经摔倒在地的老人，强调完成，应该用现在完成时，故选B。
考点：考查时态
13.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期期中考试】— I ________ imagine it will take about two hours to have your pictures developed.
— All right. I’ll come to get them by then.
A. should B. must C. can D. would
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查情态动词
14.【江苏省盐城市2016届高三上学期 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )期中考试】If you _______ yourself to doing everything in the order given, you would miss an opportunity to be a unique individual.
A. commit B. committed C. have committed D. had committed
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：句意：如果你承诺自己按已 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )给的顺序做每件事，你就会错过成为独特个体的机会。此处是虚拟语气，与现在相反的虚拟语气，if从句用一般过去时，主句用would∕could+动词原形，故选B。
考点：考查虚拟语气
15.【江苏省五校联考2016届高三 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )英语第二次英语试题】—Could you say something about Turkey’s downing of the Russian fighter jet
—Sorry. It ______ by a group of experts and will be made clear the moment they get the answer.
A. has been in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )vestigated B. is being investigated
C. was investigated D. was being investigated
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析：考查动词时态。上句：你能说一些关于土耳其击落俄罗斯战机的情况吗？下句：对不起。这件事正在被一个调查组调查。故选B。
考点：考查动词时态
16.【江苏省五校联考20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )16届高三英语第二次英语试题】 David will succeed along the career ladder one day, I firmly believe, _______ he devote more energy to it.
A. might B. would C. could D. should
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词。句意：终有一天戴维将在事业上走向成功，我坚信他应该为它奉献了更多的精力。故选D。
考点：考查情态动词
17．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟2016届高三年 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )级上学期第一次诊断】 -Mum，I always feel everything is unfair to me．
--Complaints in life _ ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )_______ no sense，for things will be what they should be．
A． make B． have made C． will make D． are making
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查动词时态。
18．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )16届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】--- Do you remember when I first met you
---- Of course. I ___________ at Oxford University.
A. studied B. had studied C. have studied D. was studying
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：句意：----你还记得当我第 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )一次见面你吗 ---当然。我正在牛津大学学习。when I first met you我和你见面时，那时候是过去进行时was studying。故选D。
考点：考查动词时态。
19．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟201 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】Just be patient．You _____ expect the world to change so soon．
A． can’t B． may not C． needn’t D． didn’t
【答案】A
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查情态动词。
20．【浙江省杭州市五校联盟20 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )16届高三年级上学期第一次诊断】— I’m sorry．I ________ at you the other day．
— Forget it．I was a bit out of control myself．
A． shouldn’t shout B． shouldn’t have shouted
C． mustn’t shout D． mustn’t have shouted
【答案】B
【解析】
试题分析： A. shouldn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )shout不应该大喊；B. shouldn’t have shouted本不该，对过去发生的事情感到后悔；C. mustn’t shout不可以喊叫；D. mustn’t have shouted，这种说法不符合英语的习惯，多用couldn’t。句意：很抱歉，那天我不该对你大喊。故选B。
考点：考查情态动词表推测。
21. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体2 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )016届高三下学期期初联考】 It was playing video games that took the boy too much time that he _______ have spent learning．
A. could B. must C. might D. ought to
【答案】D
【解析】
试题分析：考查情态动词 句意：就是玩 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )游戏花了这个男孩太多的本应该学习的时间。Ought to have done“本应该做却没有做”，could have done“本来可能会做”，must have done“过去一定会做”，might have done“本来可能会做”，所以D。
考点：考查情态动词
22. 【浙江省温州市十校联合体201 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )6届高三下学期期初联考】— I hear that Jason is planning to buy a new car.
—I know. By next month, he ________ enough for a used one.
A. has sav ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ed B. saves C. will be saving D. will have saved
【答案】D
( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )考点：考查时态的用法。
