易错点11 动词的时态（一般将来时、过去进行时和现在完成时）
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如： tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来），in a few days等。
1、基本结构：be going to＋动词原形 2. will＋动词原形
一般将来时：be going to＋动词原形
意为自己打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事，be 动词随主语不同可变为is,am,are.它的句式变化如下：
肯定句 主语+be going to do+其他
否定句 主语+be not going to do +其他
一般疑问句 Be +主语+going to do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+be.
否定回答 No, 主语+be not.
一般将来时：will＋动词原形
用于描述未来的事情或表达对将来的预测等，will没有人称和数的变化，它的句式变化为：
肯定句 主语+will do+其他
否定句 主语+will not/won’t do do +其他
一般疑问句 Will +主语+ do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+will.
否定回答 No, 主语+won’t.
2. will 和be going to 的区别
will 和be going to一般可以互用，但有时有区别：
含时间和条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时，多用will.
如果不是以人的意愿为转移，将来肯定会发生的动作和状态，多用will
be going to根据迹象推测，有可能发生的事情或计划要做的事情。
3. there be 句型的一般将来式：1.There is/are going to be 2. There will be
它的句式变化为：
肯定句 There is/are going to be+主语+其他 There will be+主语+其他
否定句 There is/are not going to be+主语+其他 There will not /won’t be+主语+其他
一般疑问句 Is/Are there going to be+主语+其他？ Will there be+主语+其他
肯定回答 Yes, there is/are. Yes, there will.
否定回答 No, there isn’t/aren’t. No, there won’t.
1．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us
— Sure. See you then.
A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have
2．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later.
A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order
3．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon.
—Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him.
A．was B．has been C．are D．will be
4．（2025·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）As long as we work hard, our dreams ________ come true.
A．will B．would C．won’t
5．（2024·广西防城港·模拟预测）—Mike, do you know if Lucy ________ to my birthday party tomorrow
—I think if Lily comes, so ________ she.
A．will come, will B．comes, does C．will come, comes
6．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Do you know if there ________ a food safety training in our school next week
—If there ________, I will let you know.
A．will be; will be B．will be; is C．is; will be D．is; is
7．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）—Did you buy any carrots, Lily
—Oh, sorry, Mum. I completely forgot it. I ________ and buy some now.
A．go B．will go C．was going D．have gone
8．（24-25九年级·安徽芜湖·自主招生）—Look at the sign “No smoking”.
—Sorry, I ________ know it. I ________ do it again.
A．don’t; don’t B．don’t; won’t
C．didn’t; don’t D．didn’t; won’t
9．（24-25九年级·浙江杭州·自主招生）There ________ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.
A．has B．is going to be C．will have D．has been
10．（2025·云南·一模）—What are you going to do this weekend
—I ______ a movie about space travel.
A．watch B．will watch C．watched D．am watching
过去进行时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home
11．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing
—Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study.
A．am reading B．have read C．was reading D．will read
12．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up I ________ a shower when you called.
A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking
13．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）While we ________ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom.
A．were singing B．sang C．are singing
14．（2024·福建·中考真题）When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road.
A．helps B．was helping C．will help
15．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Tim, what were you doing when I called you
—I ________ bicycle with my sister.
A．was cutting up B．am making up C．am picking up D．was fixing up
16．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon.
—Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time.
A．will practice B．have practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing
17．（24-25九年级下·甘肃武威·开学考试）—Did you see the traffic accident yesterday
—Yes. It happened when I ________ past the bank.
A．was walking B．am walking C．will walk D．walk
18．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）______ I got home, my mother was cooking dinner.
A．When B．While C．After D．As soon as
19．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）Susan and Lily _________ some vegetables on the farm this time yesterday.
A．have picked B．had picked C．would pick D．were picking
20．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—I didn’t see you in the dining hall. But you said you would come!
—I am really sorry about that. I ________ Mr Zhang carry books then.
A．have helped B．am helping C．was helping D．will help
现在完成时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years
注意：
1. 与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词（见下表）。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，how long。
2. 常用的现在完成时的句型结构
（1）It has been / It’s+时间段+since+过去时从句 / 过去的时间
如：It has been / It’s three years since we met each other last time.自从我们上次见面以来已经有三年了。
3. 现在完成时用法辨析
（1）already用于肯定句；yet用于否定句或疑问句。
如：He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。
I haven’t fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。
（2）for+一段时间，表示“持续……”
since+ … ago / 过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来” 。
如：I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。
I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我从三年前开始就在这所学校学习了。
I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 自从我12岁以来就在这学校学习了。
（3）have been to/have gone to/have been（in/at）区别
have been to表示“曾经去过（人已回来）”
have gone to意为“已经去了（人不在这里）”
have been （in/ at …） 表示“待在……一段时间”。
如：Have you ever been to HK 你曾经去过香港吗？
Linda isn’t at home. She has gone to the library. 琳达不在家，她已经去了图书馆。
The Greens have been in China for 10 years. 格林一家人已经待在中国10年了。
（4）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。
如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了）
I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义）
Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？
21．（2024·四川·中考真题）I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema.
A．love B．loved C．am loving D．have loved
22．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—I’m afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out.
—Don’t worry. I ________ two tickets online already.
A．have bought B．will buy C．may buy
23．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Red Star Over China（《红星照耀中国》）is a great book. I ________ it three times already.
A．read B．reads C．has read D．have read
24．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color.
A．were B．are C．have been D．will be
25．（2024·北京·中考真题）With the help of my teacher, I ________ much progress in English since last year.
A．am making B．will make C．was making D．have made
26．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）—Where is your father
—He ______ to Beijing. He will be back in a week.
A．has been B．has gone C．went D．goes
27．（2025·江西·模拟预测）With the development of AI, people’s life __________ more and more convenient recently.
A．has become B．was becoming C．will become D．became
28．（2025·江西南昌·模拟预测）—How time flies! All of you ______ great progress in the past three years.
—Thanks, Ms. Li. We will always remember the fun times in junior high school.
A．make B．made C．have made D．will make
29．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）—Is your dad in
—No, he has ________ out for an hour.
A．has gone B．has gone to C．has been D．has been to
30．（2024·江西九江·二模）After school, I try to use any possible time to review the things I ________ during the day.
A．learn B．will learn C．have learnt D．am learning
用所给词的正确形式填空。
31．（24-25九年级·四川成都·自主招生）In recent years, pollution (cause) lots of problems.
32．（24-25九年级下·湖南衡阳·开学考试）He (be) a volunteer in Ya’an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.
33．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）Ma’s poetic broadcasts and his performances on the poetry show (win) him many fans so far.
34．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·开学考试）He told me that my mother (wait) for me outside at that moment.
35．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Tim (watch) Touching China on CCTV with his family from 8:00 to 9:00 last Saturday evening.
36．（24-25九年级上·甘肃武威·开学考试）My father (dig) a deep hole on the ground when you came.
37．（23-24九年级上·甘肃武威·开学考试）While I was sleeping, my parents (make) breakfast.
38．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）He to visit us in a week. (come)
39．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）He has (go) to Shanghai. He (back) in three days.
40．（2024·西藏日喀则·二模）How time flies! I (enter) a senior high school this September.
41．（2024九年级·全国·专题练习）In five years’ time, I (become) a university student.
42．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）Meetings about how to solve the problem of stress (take) place as soon as possible.
43．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Trust me! I (keep) the secret between you and me. I promise.
44．（23-24九年级上·甘肃兰州·期中）When I came in, she was (lie) on the bed and watching TV.
45．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）The child kept still while he a haircut. (have)
46．（24-25九年级上·全国·单元测试）While I (do) my homework, Dad was working in the field.
47．（24-25九年级上·山东菏泽·期末）How many computers has the factory (produce) so far this year
48．（2024·西藏·中考真题）China (plan) to export (出口) railway technology to countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路) so far.
49．（23-24九年级上·山东济宁·期中）It’s the first time we (play) basketball since Monday.
50．（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·开学考试）—Boys and girls, you (write) down all the main points
—Yes, we have.
51．（2024·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·二模）The book you’ve just to me is really interesting. I really enjoy it. (lend)
52．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）He for the book yet. (pay)
53．（23-24九年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）What have you done since you to China (return)
54．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Since you (solve) this problem, why do you still look so worried
55．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—Mum, I’m going to take part in the speech competition.
—What has happened I can’t believe you (change) your mind!
56．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）You can have a good sleep, because we’ve (deal) with the noise problem.
57．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—What do you think (happen) to Miss Pang these days I can’t find her.
—Sorry. She asked for leave last week because her brother passed away.
58．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）Over its long history, Wushu (develop) into a special unity of exercise, self-protection and art.
59．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）He first visited China in 2016, and since then, he (develop) a deep interest in traditional Chinese culture.
60．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Where is our manager
— you (not hear) about it He is on leave today because of the accident last night.
61．（2025九年级·湖南·专题练习）I (begin) to learn the piano when I was eight years old. I have (learn) it for seven years.
62．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）“It has (set) up the country’s first school to teach the art,” the local government said.
63．（2025九年级·浙江·专题练习）I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
64．（23-24九年级上·山东济宁·期中）Take the medicine and your headache (disappear) soon.
65．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）The plane off in ten minutes. (take)
66．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）The cat was on the ground at this time yesterday. (lie)
67．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期末）Mike and his brother (play) games when I walked into their bedroom.
68．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）While (present) his plan to his boss, he tried his best to keep calm.
69．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）—Have you prepared your speech
—Oh, no. I (write) a report on protecting wild animals the whole day yesterday.
70．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Jenny (write) a drama script last week. I wonder if she has finished it now.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)易错点11 动词的时态（一般将来时、过去进行时和现在完成时）
一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态，或将来某一段时间内经常的动作或状态。常与一些表示将来的时间状语连用，如： tomorrow（明天）， next week（下周）， from now on（从现在开始）；in the future（将来），in a few days等。
1、基本结构：be going to＋动词原形 2. will＋动词原形
一般将来时：be going to＋动词原形
意为自己打算做某事、计划做某事或者有意做某事，be 动词随主语不同可变为is,am,are.它的句式变化如下：
肯定句 主语+be going to do+其他
否定句 主语+be not going to do +其他
一般疑问句 Be +主语+going to do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+be.
否定回答 No, 主语+be not.
一般将来时：will＋动词原形
用于描述未来的事情或表达对将来的预测等，will没有人称和数的变化，它的句式变化为：
肯定句 主语+will do+其他
否定句 主语+will not/won’t do do +其他
一般疑问句 Will +主语+ do +其他？
肯定回答 Yes, 主语+will.
否定回答 No, 主语+won’t.
2. will 和be going to 的区别
will 和be going to一般可以互用，但有时有区别：
含时间和条件状语从句，如果主句是将来时，多用will.
如果不是以人的意愿为转移，将来肯定会发生的动作和状态，多用will
be going to根据迹象推测，有可能发生的事情或计划要做的事情。
3. there be 句型的一般将来式：1.There is/are going to be 2. There will be
它的句式变化为：
肯定句 There is/are going to be+主语+其他 There will be+主语+其他
否定句 There is/are not going to be+主语+其他 There will not /won’t be+主语+其他
一般疑问句 Is/Are there going to be+主语+其他？ Will there be+主语+其他
肯定回答 Yes, there is/are. Yes, there will.
否定回答 No, there isn’t/aren’t. No, there won’t.
1．（2024·天津·中考真题）— Jane and I _________ a picnic this Sunday. Would you like to come with us
— Sure. See you then.
A．had B．have had C．were having D．are going to have
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——这个星期天，简和我打算去野餐。你愿意和我们一起去吗？——当然。到时见。
考查动词时态。根据“this Sunday”可知，这个星期天要去野餐，事情发生在将来，时态是一般将来时，结构是will do或be doing to do。故选D。
2．（2024·河北·中考真题）I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ________ later.
A．order B．ordered C．was ordering D．will order
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我在等一个朋友。恐怕我要晚点点餐。
考查时态。根据“I’m expecting a friend. I’m afraid I ... later.”可知，在等朋友，所以要晚点点餐，用一般将来时will do，故选D。
3．（2024·甘肃白银·中考真题）—Oh, no! Your brother left his umbrella at home. There ________ heavy rain this afternoon.
—Don’t worry, Mom. I’ll bring it to him.
A．was B．has been C．are D．will be
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——哦，不！你哥哥把伞忘在家里了。今天下午会有大雨。——别担心，妈妈。我会拿给他的。
考查动词时态。根据“this afternoon”可知是一般将来时，故选D。
4．（2025·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）As long as we work hard, our dreams ________ come true.
A．will B．would C．won’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：只要我们努力工作，我们的梦想就会实现。
考查条件状语从句的“主将从现”原则以及一般将来时的用法。will将会，用于一般将来时；would将会，“will”的过去式，用于过去将来时，也可用于虚拟语气等情况；won’t不会，“will not”的缩写。句中“as long as”引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”的原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时表示将来。从句“we work hard”是一般现在时，所以主句用“will+动词原形”的结构来表示将来的情况。故选A。
5．（2024·广西防城港·模拟预测）—Mike, do you know if Lucy ________ to my birthday party tomorrow
—I think if Lily comes, so ________ she.
A．will come, will B．comes, does C．will come, comes
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——Mike，你知道Lucy明天是否会来参加我的生日聚会吗？——我想如果Lily来了，她也会来的。
考查动词时态。第一空if引导宾语从句，if“是否”，根据tomorrow可知，时态为一般将来时，结构为will do；第二空if引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时。故选A。
6．（2025·安徽·模拟预测）—Do you know if there ________ a food safety training in our school next week
—If there ________, I will let you know.
A．will be; will be B．will be; is C．is; will be D．is; is
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道下周我们学校会有食品安全培训吗？——如果有，我会告诉你。
考查条件状语从句。第一空询问未来是否会有培训，用一般将来时“will be”；第二空是条件句，主句用“will”，从句用一般现在时“is”。故选B。
7．（2024·安徽宿州·二模）—Did you buy any carrots, Lily
—Oh, sorry, Mum. I completely forgot it. I ________ and buy some now.
A．go B．will go C．was going D．have gone
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——莉莉，你买了胡萝卜吗？——哦，对不起，妈妈，我完全忘了。我现在去买一些。
考查时态。根据“I completely forgot it”和句中“now”可知，此句是说要去买一些，用一般将来时，其谓语动词结构为“will do”。故选B。
8．（24-25九年级·安徽芜湖·自主招生）—Look at the sign “No smoking”.
—Sorry, I ________ know it. I ________ do it again.
A．don’t; don’t B．don’t; won’t
C．didn’t; don’t D．didn’t; won’t
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——看这个标志“禁止吸烟”。——抱歉，我不知道。我将不会再吸烟了。
考查助动词和情态动词。don’t不；didn’t不；won’t将不会。根据“Sorry, I...know it. I...do it again.”可知，此处表示抱歉，我不知道。我将不会再吸烟了。第一个空应用一般过去时，第二个空应用一般将来时。故选D。
9．（24-25九年级·浙江杭州·自主招生）There ________ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.
A．has B．is going to be C．will have D．has been
【答案】B
【详解】句意：明天早上意大利和德国之间将有一场足球比赛。
考查的是there be句型的将来时结构。根据“tomorrow morning”可知，句子应该使用一般将来时。there be和has/have都表示“有”，不能混用；is going to be是there be句型的将来时，表示“将有”，符合句意；has been是现在完成时。故选B。
10．（2025·云南·一模）—What are you going to do this weekend
—I ______ a movie about space travel.
A．watch B．will watch C．watched D．am watching
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——这个周末你打算做什么？ ——我将看一部关于太空旅行的电影。
考查时态。根据“What are you going to do this weekend ”可知，此处是说将看一部电影，应用一般将来时，其结构为will do，故选B。
过去进行时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
过去进行时 表示在过去某段时间内正在发生的事情或行为。 was/were +动词-ing形式 at 2:00 yesterday，at this time yesterday，while / when，then / at that time / at that moment；when my father got home
11．（2024·北京·中考真题）—Amy, you didn’t answer my call yesterday evening. What were you doing
—Sorry, I didn’t hear the ring. I ________ a book in my study.
A．am reading B．have read C．was reading D．will read
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Amy，你昨天晚上没接我的电话。你在干什么？——对不起，我没听到铃声。我当时正在书房里读书。
考查动词的时态。read阅读；am reading现在进行时；have read现在完成时；was reading过去进行时；will read一般将来时。根据“yesterday evening”和问句“What were you doing ”可知，此处是在描述过去某一时间正在进行的动作，应用过去进行时。故选C。
12．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, John! What’s up I ________ a shower when you called.
A．had taken B．have taken C．was taking D．am taking
【答案】C
【详解】句意：嗨，约翰！有什么事吗？你打电话的时候我正在洗澡。
考查过去进行时。根据“I...a shower when you called.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选C。
13．（2024·黑龙江·中考真题）While we ________ an English song, some visitors came into our classroom.
A．were singing B．sang C．are singing
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当我们唱英语歌的时候，一些参观者走进了我们的教室。
考查动词时态。分析句子可知，此处是含while引导的状语从句的复合句。参观者进入教室时，我们正在唱歌，主句用一般过去时，从句应用过去进行时“was/were+动词现在分词”。故选A。
14．（2024·福建·中考真题）When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ________ an old man cross the road.
A．helps B．was helping C．will help
【答案】B
【详解】句意：昨天我看见小王时，他正帮助一位老人过马路。
考查过去进行时。根据“When I saw Xiao Wang yesterday, he ... an old man cross the road.”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时。故选B。
15．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—Tim, what were you doing when I called you
—I ________ bicycle with my sister.
A．was cutting up B．am making up C．am picking up D．was fixing up
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——蒂姆，我打电话给你的时候你在做什么？——我正在和姐姐修理自行车。
考查动词时态及动词短语。cut up切碎；make up编造；pick up捡起；fix up修理。根据“what were you doing when I called you ”可知，此处指过去某一时刻正在做的事情，应为过去进行时，结构是was/were doing。结合“bicycle”可知，此处指修理自行车。故选D。
16．（2024·云南·中考真题）—Helen, I didn’t see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon.
—Oh, I ________ singing for the graduation ceremony at that time.
A．will practice B．have practiced C．am practicing D．was practicing
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——海伦，昨天下午五点我没看见你在教室里。——噢，那时我正在为毕业典礼练习唱歌。
考查过去进行时。根据“at five yesterday afternoon”和“at that time”可知，强调在过去的某个时间点，正在发生的动作，用过去进行时，故选D。
17．（24-25九年级下·甘肃武威·开学考试）—Did you see the traffic accident yesterday
—Yes. It happened when I ________ past the bank.
A．was walking B．am walking C．will walk D．walk
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——昨天你看见那起交通事故了吗？——是的。它发生在我经过银行的时候。
考查过去进行时。根据“It happened when I...past the bank.”可知，此处应该使用过去进行时，表示它发生在我经过银行的时候。故选A。
18．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）______ I got home, my mother was cooking dinner.
A．When B．While C．After D．As soon as
【答案】A
【详解】句意：当我到家的时候，我妈妈正在做晚饭。
考查连词辨析。When当……时候；While当……时候，与进行时态连用；After在……之后；As soon as一……就……。根据句子结构可知，该句为复合句，空后引导的是时间状语从句，从句中谓语动词got是瞬间性动词，不能用While引导；结合句意可知，这里表示“当我到家的时候”，妈妈正在做饭，因此应用When引导。故选A。
19．（24-25九年级下·上海·阶段练习）Susan and Lily _________ some vegetables on the farm this time yesterday.
A．have picked B．had picked C．would pick D．were picking
【答案】D
【详解】句意：昨天的这个时候，Susan和Lily正在农场里采摘蔬菜。
考查过去进行时。have picked现在完成时；had picked过去完成时；would pick过去将来时；were picking过去进行时。根据句中的标志性时间状语“this time yesterday”可知，句中时态用过去进行时，表示过去某一刻正在干什么。故选D。
20．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）—I didn’t see you in the dining hall. But you said you would come!
—I am really sorry about that. I ________ Mr Zhang carry books then.
A．have helped B．am helping C．was helping D．will help
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我没在餐厅看到你。可是你说过你会来的！——我真的很抱歉。那时我正在帮张老师搬书。
考查时态。have helped现在完成时；am helping现在进行时；was helping过去进行时；will help一般将来时。根据“I…Mr Zhang carry books then.”可知，此处指当时某刻正在做的事情，应用过去进行时。故选C。
现在完成时
时态 含义 结构 时间状语
现在完成时 表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或者表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态 has/have+动词的过去分词形式 since，for，so far，already，yet，recently，ever，twice，in the last /past few years
注意：
1. 与表示一段时间的标志词连用，短暂性动词要变为持续性动词（见下表）。表示一段时间的标志词有：for，since，how long。
2. 常用的现在完成时的句型结构
（1）It has been / It’s+时间段+since+过去时从句 / 过去的时间
如：It has been / It’s three years since we met each other last time.自从我们上次见面以来已经有三年了。
3. 现在完成时用法辨析
（1）already用于肯定句；yet用于否定句或疑问句。
如：He has already told me the secret. 他已经告诉我这个秘密了。
I haven’t fed my pet dog yet. 我还没喂我的宠物狗。
（2）for+一段时间，表示“持续……”
since+ … ago / 过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来” 。
如：I have studied in this school for 3 years. 我已经在这所学校学习了三年。
I have studied in this school since 3 years ago. 我从三年前开始就在这所学校学习了。
I have studied in this school since I was 12 years old. 自从我12岁以来就在这学校学习了。
（3）have been to/have gone to/have been（in/at）区别
have been to表示“曾经去过（人已回来）”
have gone to意为“已经去了（人不在这里）”
have been （in/ at …） 表示“待在……一段时间”。
如：Have you ever been to HK 你曾经去过香港吗？
Linda isn’t at home. She has gone to the library. 琳达不在家，她已经去了图书馆。
The Greens have been in China for 10 years. 格林一家人已经待在中国10年了。
（4）现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：
现在完成时侧重对现在的影响；一般过去时只是对过去的描述，不强调影响，是过去的时间点发生的事情。When提问时间点，不能跟现在完成时连用。
如：I have had breakfast. 我已经吃了早餐了。（已经饱了，不用再吃了）
I had breakfast. 我吃过早餐了。（普通描述过去的事情，没有饱不饱的含义）
Derek has watched the movie. When did he watch it 德里克已经看过这电影了。他什么时候看的？
21．（2024·四川·中考真题）I ________ movies since I first went to the cinema.
A．love B．loved C．am loving D．have loved
【答案】D
【详解】句意：自从我第一次去电影院以来，我就喜欢上了电影。
考查时态。根据“since I first went to the cinema.”可知主句用现在完成时“have/has done”。故选D。
22．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）—I’m afraid the tickets to the concert have been sold out.
—Don’t worry. I ________ two tickets online already.
A．have bought B．will buy C．may buy
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——恐怕音乐会的票已经卖完了。——别担心。我已经在网上买了两张票。
考查动词时态。根据“Don’t worry. I...two tickets online already”可知，因为已经买好了票，所以让对方不要担心，强调过去的动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时。故选A。
23．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Red Star Over China（《红星照耀中国》）is a great book. I ________ it three times already.
A．read B．reads C．has read D．have read
【答案】D
【详解】句意：《红星照耀中国》是一本好书。我已经读了三遍了。
考查现在完成时。根据“already”可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has + 过去分词”。主语“I”对应的助动词是“have”，故选D。
24．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）So far, some of the dialects (方言) ________ in use for thousands of years. They are full of local color.
A．were B．are C．have been D．will be
【答案】C
【详解】句意：到目前为止，一些方言已经使用了数千年。它们充满了地方色彩。
考查动词时态。根据句中的时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时，排除A、B和D选项。故选C。
25．（2024·北京·中考真题）With the help of my teacher, I ________ much progress in English since last year.
A．am making B．will make C．was making D．have made
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在老师的帮助下，我自去年以来在英语方面取得了很大的进步。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“since last year”可知，此处应用现在完成时。故选D。
26．（2025·吉林长春·模拟预测）—Where is your father
—He ______ to Beijing. He will be back in a week.
A．has been B．has gone C．went D．goes
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你爸爸在哪里？——他去北京了。他一周后回来。
考查动词时态。has been to去过某地，已经回来了；has gone to去了某地，还没回来；went去，一般过去时；goes去，一般现在时。根据“He will be back in a week”可知，他还没回来，所以用has gone to。故选B。
27．（2025·江西·模拟预测）With the development of AI, people’s life __________ more and more convenient recently.
A．has become B．was becoming C．will become D．became
【答案】A
【详解】句意：随着人工智能的发展，人们的生活变得越来越方便。
考查时态。become“变得”，根据“recently”可知，此处用现在完成时，故选A。
28．（2025·江西南昌·模拟预测）—How time flies! All of you ______ great progress in the past three years.
—Thanks, Ms. Li. We will always remember the fun times in junior high school.
A．make B．made C．have made D．will make
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——时间过得真快！在过去的三年里，你们都取得了很大的进步。——谢谢李老师。我们会永远记住初中时的欢乐时光。
考查动词时态。根据“All of you…great progress in the past three years.”可知，这里强调的是过去三年中已经完成的动作，因此需要使用现在完成时，结构为have/has done。故选C。
29．（2025·江苏南通·模拟预测）—Is your dad in
—No, he has ________ out for an hour.
A．has gone B．has gone to C．has been D．has been to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你爸爸在家吗？——不在，他已经出去一个小时了。
考查动词时态。 “for an hour”表示一段时间，动词应是持续性的或表示状态的be动词，排除AB；be out“在外面”，固定搭配。故选C。
30．（2024·江西九江·二模）After school, I try to use any possible time to review the things I ________ during the day.
A．learn B．will learn C．have learnt D．am learning
【答案】C
【详解】句意：放学后，我试着利用任何可能的时间来复习我在白天学过的东西。
考查时态。根据“ I try to use any possible time to review the things I … during the day”可知，“复习”这个动作发生在“白天所学的东西”之后，强调动作已经完成，用现在完成时have/has done的结构，故选C。
用所给词的正确形式填空。
31．（24-25九年级·四川成都·自主招生）In recent years, pollution (cause) lots of problems.
【答案】has caused
【详解】句意：近年来，污染造成了许多问题。根据“In recent years”可知，句子时态用现在完成时have/has done，主语是不可数名词pollution，助动词用has。故填has caused。
32．（24-25九年级下·湖南衡阳·开学考试）He (be) a volunteer in Ya’an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.
【答案】has been
【详解】句意：自从地震发生以来，他就一直是四川雅安的一名志愿者。 根据“He...a volunteer in Ya’an, Sichuan since the earthquake happened.”以及英文提示可知，since引导的时间状语从句常与现在完成时连用，其结构为have/has+过去分词；主语是he，助动词应用has，be的过去分词是been。故填has been。
33．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）Ma’s poetic broadcasts and his performances on the poetry show (win) him many fans so far.
【答案】have won
【详解】句意：到目前为止，马的诗歌广播和他在诗歌节目上的表演为他赢得了许多粉丝。根据“so far”可知，句子时态为现在完成时，谓语结构为“has/have+过去分词”；主语“broadcasts and his performances”为复数，助动词使用have；win“赢得”，动词，过去分词为won。故填have won。
34．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·开学考试）He told me that my mother (wait) for me outside at that moment.
【答案】was waiting
【详解】句意：他告诉我，我妈妈那时正在外面等我。根据“at that moment”可知，动作发生在过去的某一特定时刻，且正在进行，应用过去进行时。主语是三单，be动词用was，故填was waiting。
35．（24-25九年级上·全国·课后作业）Tim (watch) Touching China on CCTV with his family from 8:00 to 9:00 last Saturday evening.
【答案】was watching
【详解】句意：上周六晚上8点到9点，蒂姆和家人一起在中央电视台观看《感动中国》。根据“from 8:00 to 9:00 last Saturday evening.”可知，是强调过去的某一时段一直发生的动作，用过去进行时was/were doing，主语是三单，be用was。故填was watching。
36．（24-25九年级上·甘肃武威·开学考试）My father (dig) a deep hole on the ground when you came.
【答案】was digging
【详解】句意：当你来的时候，我的爸爸正在地上挖一个很深的洞。根据时间状语“when you came”可知，此处描述的是过去某一瞬间正在发生的事情，时态应用过去进行时，由于句子主语My father为三单，故be动词应用was。故填was digging。
37．（23-24九年级上·甘肃武威·开学考试）While I was sleeping, my parents (make) breakfast.
【答案】were making
【详解】句意：当我睡觉的时候，我的父母正在做早餐。根据句中的“While I was sleeping”可知，主句应使用过去进行时，表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作，其结构为was/were+动词的现在分词，主语parents为复数，be动词应用were。故填were making。
38．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）He to visit us in a week. (come)
【答案】will come
【详解】句意：一周后他将来拜访我们。根据“in a week”可知，时间状语为“一周后”，应用将来时，will后加动词原形。故填will come。
39．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）He has (go) to Shanghai. He (back) in three days.
【答案】 gone will be back
【详解】句意：他去上海了。他三天后回来。根据has可知，第一空需要过去分词构成现在完成时态，第一空gone符合句意；根据“in three days”可知，句子时态是一般将来时，will be back符合句意，故填gone；will be back。
40．（2024·西藏日喀则·二模）How time flies! I (enter) a senior high school this September.
【答案】will enter
【详解】句意：时间过得真快！今年九月我就要上高中了。根据“this September”并结合句意可知此句应用一般将来时，因此此空应用“will enter”。故填will enter。
41．（2024九年级·全国·专题练习）In five years’ time, I (become) a university student.
【答案】will become
【详解】句意：在五年后，我将成为一名大学生。根据时间状语“In five years’ time”可知用一般将来时态。故填will become。
42．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）Meetings about how to solve the problem of stress (take) place as soon as possible.
【答案】will take/are going to take
【详解】句意：关于如何解决压力问题的会议将尽快召开。take place“发生，举行”。根据“Meetings about how to solve the problem of stress...place as soon as possible.”可知，会议还没有召开，故应用一般将来时，其结构为“will+动词原形”或“be going to+动词原形”，由于句子主语Meetings为复数，此处be动词应用are。故填will take/are going to take。
43．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Trust me! I (keep) the secret between you and me. I promise.
【答案】will keep
【详解】句意：相信我！我会保守你我之间的秘密。我保证。根据“I promise.”可知，此处是指“我”将会保守秘密，句子时态应用一般将来时，其结构为will do。故填will keep。
44．（23-24九年级上·甘肃兰州·期中）When I came in, she was (lie) on the bed and watching TV.
【答案】lying
【详解】句意：当我进来的时候，她正躺在床上看电视。本句是含有when的时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用过去进行时(was/were doing)，动词lie用现在分词lying。故填lying。
45．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）The child kept still while he a haircut. (have)
【答案】was having
【详解】句意：那个孩子在理发时保持不动。根据kept为动词过去式可知主句时态为一般过去时，所以while引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时，根据提示词have以及主语he可知，空处应填was having，故填was having。
46．（24-25九年级上·全国·单元测试）While I (do) my homework, Dad was working in the field.
【答案】was doing
【详解】句意：当我在做作业时，爸爸正在地里干活。根据语境可知，主句和从句表示同时发生的事情，且两个动作都正在进行，故从句也应用过去进行时，从句主语为“I”，故应用“was doing”结构，故填was doing。
47．（24-25九年级上·山东菏泽·期末）How many computers has the factory (produce) so far this year
【答案】produced
【详解】句意：今年到目前为止，这家工厂生产了多少台计算机？produce“生产”，动词；根据“has”和“so far”可知，时态为现在完成时，结构为has done，故动词produce应用过去分词produced。故填produced。
48．（2024·西藏·中考真题）China (plan) to export (出口) railway technology to countries along the Belt and Road (一带一路) so far.
【答案】has planned
【详解】句意：到目前为止，中国计划向“一带一路”沿线国家出口铁路技术。根据时间状语“so far”可知，句子应用现在完成时(have/has done)，表示动作从过去开始一直持续到现在。主语China是第三人称单数，因此助动词用has，动词用过去分词形式planned。故填has planned。
49．（23-24九年级上·山东济宁·期中）It’s the first time we (play) basketball since Monday.
【答案】have played
【详解】句意：自从周一以来这是我们第一次来打篮球。since+过去的时间是现在完成时的标志词，句子应该用现在完成时。It is+the+序数词+time+that从句，从句也应该使用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语是we，用have。故填have played。
50．（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·开学考试）—Boys and girls, you (write) down all the main points
—Yes, we have.
【答案】have written
【详解】句意：——同学们，你们把所有要点都写下来了吗？——是的，我们写下来了。根据答句“Yes, we have.”可知，问句时态为现在完成时，结合提示词write及主语you，空处应填have written，故填have written。
51．（2024·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·二模）The book you’ve just to me is really interesting. I really enjoy it. (lend)
【答案】lent
【详解】句意：你刚刚借给我的那本书真有趣，我真的很喜欢。由“you’ve”可知用现在完成时，have+过去分词，lend的过去分词是lent，故填lent。
52．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）He for the book yet. (pay)
【答案】hasn’t paid
【详解】句意：他还没有付书钱。yet常和现在完成时连用，用于疑问句和否定句中，这里应指“还没付钱”，用have/has not paid，主语He是三单，助动词用has。故填hasn’t paid。
53．（23-24九年级下·广东深圳·课后作业）What have you done since you to China (return)
【答案】returned
【详解】句意：你回国后都做了些什么？since引导的时间状语从句，通常与完成时连用，从句用一般过去时。故填returned。
54．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Since you (solve) this problem, why do you still look so worried
【答案】have solved
【详解】句意：既然你已经解决了这个问题，你为什么看起来还是这么担心？根据“Since you ... this problem, why do you still look so worried ”可知，此处描述的是过去的动作对现在产生的影响，用现在完成时have/has done，主语是you，助动词用have。故填have solved。
55．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—Mum, I’m going to take part in the speech competition.
—What has happened I can’t believe you (change) your mind!
【答案】have changed
【详解】句意：——妈妈，我要参加演讲比赛。——发生了什么事？我不敢相信你改变主意了！根据“I can’t believe you ... your mind!”可知，说话者母亲感到惊讶是基于现阶段已经发生的事，即“改变主意”这个动作已经发生并对现在造成了影响，用现在完成时，主语是you，助动词用have。故填have changed。
56．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）You can have a good sleep, because we’ve (deal) with the noise problem.
【答案】dealt
【详解】句意：你可以睡个好觉了，因为我们已经解决了噪音问题。根据“because we’ve…(deal) with the noise problem.”可知，此处时态为现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，因此应用动词deal的过去分词形式dealt“处理”。故填dealt。
57．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）—What do you think (happen) to Miss Pang these days I can’t find her.
—Sorry. She asked for leave last week because her brother passed away.
【答案】has happened
【详解】句意：——你觉得庞小姐这几天怎么了？我找不到她。 ——抱歉。她上周请假了，因为她哥哥去世了。happen“发生”，作谓语，根据“I can’t find her.”可知，强调对现在的影响，时态用现在完成时（have/has done），What作主语，助动词用has。故填has happened。
58．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）Over its long history, Wushu (develop) into a special unity of exercise, self-protection and art.
【答案】has developed
【详解】句意：在漫长的历史长河中，武术已经发展成为一种集锻炼、自我保护和艺术于一体的特殊统一体运动。根据“Over its long history”可知，时态为现在完成时，谓语结构应为“have/has done”；主语“Wushu”是第三人称单数，助动词用has，develop的过去分词为“developed”。故填has developed。
59．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）He first visited China in 2016, and since then, he (develop) a deep interest in traditional Chinese culture.
【答案】has developed
【详解】句意：他于2016年首次来到中国，从那时起，他就对中国的传统文化产生了浓厚的兴趣。根据“since then”可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语为he，助动词用has。故填has developed。
60．（2025·江苏无锡·一模）—Where is our manager
— you (not hear) about it He is on leave today because of the accident last night.
【答案】 Haven’t heard
【详解】句意：——我们的经理在哪里？ ——你还没听说这件事吗？他因为昨晚的事故今天请假了。根据“He is on leave today because of the accident last night.”可知，此处是询问对方到目前为止是否还没有听说过经理因为昨晚的事故今天请假这件事，句子时态应用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done；主语是“you”，所以助动词应用have，其否定形式是 haven’t，位于句首，首字母要大写，hear的过去分词是heard。故填Haven’t；heard。
61．（2025九年级·湖南·专题练习）I (begin) to learn the piano when I was eight years old. I have (learn) it for seven years.
【答案】 began learned/learnt
【详解】句意：我八岁开始学钢琴。我已经学了七年了。根据“when I was eight years old”可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，句子应用一般过去时，谓语动词应用过去式began；根据“for seven years”可知，此句应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has done”，空前为have，空处应用learn的过去分词。故填began；learned/learnt。
62．（2025九年级·广东·专题练习）“It has (set) up the country’s first school to teach the art,” the local government said.
【答案】set
【详解】句意：当地政府说“它已经建立了全国第一所教授艺术的学校”。根据“It has...up the country’s first school”可知是指建立学校，set up“建立”，动词，本句是现在完成时，has后动词用过去分词，故填set。
63．（2025九年级·浙江·专题练习）I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空)
【答案】will be/is going to be
【详解】句意：我恐怕今天下午会有个会议。根据时间状语this afternoon“今天下午”可知，本句使用there be句型的一般将来时态，其结构为there will be或there be going to be；因为a meeting为单数，be动词用is。故填will be/is going to be。
64．（23-24九年级上·山东济宁·期中）Take the medicine and your headache (disappear) soon.
【答案】will disappear
【详解】句意：吃这种药，你的头疼很快就会消失。根据“soon”可知，句子应使用一般将来时。故填will disappear。
65．（24-25九年级上·广东深圳·课后作业）The plane off in ten minutes. (take)
【答案】will take
【详解】句意：飞机十分钟后起飞。根据“in ten minutes”可知，此句应用一般将来时，构成为will+动词原形。故填will take。
66．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）The cat was on the ground at this time yesterday. (lie)
【答案】lying
【详解】句意：昨天这个时候，这只猫正躺在地上。考查过去进行时。根据“at this time yesterday.”可知应用过去进行时，谓语结构为was/were+doing，空前已有was，因此lie需要变为lying。故填lying。
67．（24-25九年级上·甘肃定西·期末）Mike and his brother (play) games when I walked into their bedroom.
【答案】were playing
【详解】句意：当我走进他们卧室的时候，Mike和他的哥哥正在玩游戏。根据“when I walked into their bedroom.”可知，句中指的是具体过去时间点，因此前面描述他们正在“玩游戏”的动作要使用过去进行时，构成为“was/were+动词现在分词”，主语是“Mike and his brother”为复数，因此使用“were playing”。故填were playing。
68．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）While (present) his plan to his boss, he tried his best to keep calm.
【答案】presenting
【详解】句意：在向老板介绍他的计划时，他尽力保持冷静。分析句子结构可知，此处为while引导的时间状语从句，主句时态为一般过去时，从句时态应该用过去进行时，主句和从句的主语一致，且动作同时发生，省略从句的主语he和be动词was，present的现在分词为presenting。故填presenting。
69．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）—Have you prepared your speech
—Oh, no. I (write) a report on protecting wild animals the whole day yesterday.
【答案】was writing
【详解】句意：——你准备好演讲了吗？——哦，没有。昨天我一整天都在写一篇关于保护野生动物的报告。根据“the whole day yesterday”可知，此处指昨天一整天都在写关于野生动物的报告，时态应用过去进行时，结构为was/were doing；主语为I，应用was，write的现在分词为writing。故填was writing。
70．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·阶段练习）Jenny (write) a drama script last week. I wonder if she has finished it now.
【答案】was writing
【详解】句意：珍妮上周正在写一个剧本。我想知道她现在是否已经完成了。根据“I wonder if she has finished it now.”可知，此处指珍妮上周的时候正在写一个剧本并且不知该动作是否结束，表示过去某段时间正在进行的动作，此处应用过去进行时，谓语动词构成是was/were+现在分词，主语为“Jenny”，be动词用was，write的现在分词形式为writing。故填was writing。
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