专题05 句法之宾语从句及定语从句
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 2
宾语从句 2
定语从句 12
中考练场 19
【题型解读】
宾语从句为中考的必考点，主要在单项选择题中考查，侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。一般至少会涉及两个考查点：
①引导词相同，语序和时态不同；
②时态一致，语序和引导词不同。而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wonder，Would/Could you please tell me, Can you tell me, Do you know, I don’t know等等。
定语从句是在整个句子中充当定语的句子，他的作用就是用来修饰和限定名词的。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列四种：
1. 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。
2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
3. 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。
4. 当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。
【命题规律】
1. 宾语从句重点考查四个方面，即：时态、语序、引导词和人称。根据宾语从句语义及语法成分确定连接词: when, where, why, whether/if, how, who, whom等。宾语从句语法成分齐全时可用that连接，that也可省略。
2. 定语从句关系代词与关系副词的区别。常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
一看指人还是物（指人用that、who、whom; 指物用that、which）
二看在句中作什么成分（作主语用who、which、that;作宾语用who、whom、which、that;作定语用whose;作状语用where、when等）
三看是否属于特殊情况：即引导词只能用that的情况：（先行词是all、something等不定代词时;先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时;先行词既指人又指物时)
【解题技巧】
做此类试题时，首先从语序着手，宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他；再从时态考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语来判断时态；最后，再判断疑问词。
宾语从句的解题技巧
①语序法：看句子是否为陈述语序（特殊情况除外）
②补全法：看句子是否完整，成分有无残缺
定语从句的解题技巧
对于初中阶段，选准关系代词和关系副词。在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就要用关系副词来连接从句。
（一）宾语从句
【考点诠释】
考点 考向 考法/命题角度
连接词 从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考查 引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
时态 时态变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过; 从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。
语序 语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
【典题举隅】
1．（2024·江苏镇江·模拟预测）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—Better take a bus there. It’s a little far from here.
A．how far Nianhua Bay is B．how far is Nianhua Bay
C．how can I get to Nianhua Bay D．how I can get to Nianhua Bay
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——对不起，你能告诉我怎么去拈花湾吗？——嗯，有点远。你坐公共汽车去那儿。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述句语序，排除B和C选项；结合回答“Better take a bus there. It’s a little far from here.”可知，此处问的是“怎么到拈花湾”，故选D。
2．（2024·江苏常州·一模）Look, there are so many people waiting outside the new store. Could you tell me ________
A．what can I buy in the store B．what are sold in the new store
C．whether the store opened every day D．how long will the special offer last
【答案】B
【详解】句意：看，有这么多的人在新店外面等着。你能告诉我新商店卖什么吗？
考查宾语从句。分析“Could you tell me... ”可知，空处是宾语从句，宾语从句应采用陈述语序，所以排除选项A和D；结合语境可知，选项C应用一般现在时，然而选项C采用的却是一般过去时，所以排除选项C。故选B。
3．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ I can get to the Space Museum
—Of course. You can take bus No. 1.
A．where B．how C．if D．why
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——打扰了，你能告诉我如何去太空博物馆吗 ——当然，你可以乘一路公交车。
考查宾语从句的引导词。where在哪里，表示地点；how如何，表示方式；if是否；why为什么，表示原因。根据“You can take bus No. 1.”可知询问如何到达太空博物馆。故选B。
4．（2024·江苏连云港·三模）—James, can you tell me ________
— Paul I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet.
A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——詹姆斯，你能告诉我保罗是什么样的人吗？——保罗？我已经很多年没见到他了。他过去很害羞，很安静。
考查宾语从句。根据“James, can you tell me…”可知，空处为宾语从句，从句语序应为陈述句语序，排除A和D；根据“He used to be shy and quiet.”可知，询问保罗是什么样的人，应用what...be like。故选B。
5．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）I don’t know ________ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me
A．when we start B．when did we start
C．when we will start D．when will we start
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我不知道明天我们什么时候开始慈善演出。你能告诉我吗？
考查宾语从句。根据“I don’t know…the charity show tomorrow.”可知，此处应用宾语从句，用陈述语序，时态为一般将来时。故选C。
6．（2024·江苏徐州·三模）Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up. I wonder ________ it is true.
A．where B．when C．why D．whether
【答案】D
【详解】句意：报道说养宠物有助于孩子成长。我想知道它是否是真的。
考查宾语从句。where在哪里；when何时；why为什么；whether是否。根据“Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up.”可知，此处表示想知道这是否是真的，应用whether引导宾语从句。故选D。
7．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）—China launched its Chang’e 6 spacecraft at Wenchang on May 3rd, 2024.
—What good news! I wonder ________.
A．that it will stay on the moon
B．how many astronauts are there in it
C．how soon will it return from the moon
D．whether it will collect some rocks from the moon
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——2024年5月3日，中国在文昌发射了嫦娥六号飞船。——好消息！不知道它是否会收集一些月球岩石。
考查宾语从句。空处位于动词wonder后，此句为宾语从句，语序为陈述句语序，即“主语+谓语”的语序，选项B、C错误。根据“wonder”可知，后面应该接对某人或某事的疑问，应用表示疑问的连接词。故选D。
8．（2024·江苏常州·三模）The problems of the environment worry everyone. Could you tell me ______
A．how soon will the problems be solved B．why Japan didn’t stop doing that
C．how our future life will be like D．whether it may cause global warming
【答案】D
【详解】句意：环境问题让每个人都担忧。你能告诉我是否它可能导致全球变暖吗？
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除A；根据“The problems of the environment worry everyone.”可知询问环境问题是否可能导致全球变暖。故选D。
9．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）Shenzhou-18 lifted off successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．when it would come back to Earth
B．why are the three astronauts chosen for China Space Station
C．how many astronauts entered China Space Station
D．what will it mean to the development of China’s space industry
【答案】C
【详解】句意：神舟18号成功发射了！你能告诉我有多少宇航员进入了中国空间站？
考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序是陈述语序，排除选项B和D；主句时态是一般现在时，选项A时态不符合，故选C。
10．（2024·江苏常州·三模）—I’m looking for a dress for myself, but I’m wondering ________.
—Wow! It’s nice. It’s quite perfect for you!
A．that I can try on the white dress B．how much I should pay for the white dress
C．if the white dress looks good on me D．that the white dress looks good on me
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我在为自己找一条裙子，但我想知道这条白色的裙子穿在我身上是否好看。——哇！很好。它非常适合你！
考查宾语从句。根据答语“Wow! It’s nice. It’s quite perfect for you!”并结合选项可知，此处询问裙子穿在自己身上是否好看，所以C项正确。故选C。
11．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）—Could you tell me ________
—Better than I expected.
A．when you took your exams B．how your speech was
C．if you went to the concert D．why you left your hometown
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我你的演讲怎么样吗？——比预期的好。
考查宾语从句。when you took your exams你什么时候考试；how your speech was你的演讲怎么样；if you went to the concert你是否去听音乐会；why you left your hometown你为什么离开家乡。根据“Better than I expected.”可知问的对某件事的评价，故B项符合题意。故选B。
12．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa.
—He is so brave! I wonder ________.
A．how long he has been to Africa B．whether he has gone to Africa before
C．how many times he has been in Africa D．how soon he will return from Africa
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——米莉很担心她的哥哥，他加入了医疗队去了非洲。——他太勇敢了！我想知道他多久能从非洲回来。
考查宾语从句。how long he has been to Africa表述有误，应用has been in表示“在某地待了多长时间”；whether he has gone to Africa before表述有误，用has been to，表示“是否去过某地”；how many times she has been in Africa表述有误，应用has been to，表示“去过某地”；how soon he’ll return from Africa他多久能从非洲回来。ABC表述错误。故选D。
13．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）—Dragon Boat Festival is one of the traditional festivals. Could you tell me ______
—We make Zongzi and watch boat races.
A．what do you like about the Dragon Boat Festival
B．how you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C．when Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D．what Chinese people usually do at the Dragon Boat Festival
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——端午节是传统节日之一。你能告诉我中国人在端午节通常做什么吗？——我们包粽子，看龙舟比赛。
考查宾语从句。原句是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A项；根据“We make Zongzi and watch boat races”可知，上句是问在端午节做什么，应用what引导宾语从句，排除B和C。故选D。
14．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）The three-person team of Shenzhou-17 returned home on April 30th. Do you know ________
A．if they will carry out many tasks B．where it would land on Earth at last
C．when it was sent to Tiangong Space Station D．how many days did they stay
【答案】C
【详解】句意：神舟17号三人组团队在4月30日回到了地球上。你知道它什么时候被发送到天宫空间站的吗？
考查宾语从句。宾语从句使用陈述句语序，排除D。根据“The three-person team of Shenzhou-17 returned home on April 30th”可知，是已经完成了任务并返回到了地球，排除AB。故选C。
15．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）—Excuse me, I wonder _________.
—Yes, it’s near the bookshop.
A．when she will give a call B．if there is a new post office
C．where we will go for the holiday D．whether we can go to HongKong
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——打扰一下，我想知道这里是否有新的邮局。——有的，在书店附近。
考查宾语从句。根据“yes”可知，宾语从句的引导词只能用if或whether；结合“it’s near the bookshop”可知，此处应询问某个地方在哪或是否有某个地方，故选B。
16．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）—Helen, do you know ________
—They are small. They have brown and grey feathers.
A．what do sparrows like B．how sparrows are
C．what sparrows look like D．how do sparrows look like
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——海伦，你知道麻雀长什么样子吗？——它们很小。它们长着灰褐色的羽毛。
考查what引导的宾语从句。根据“They are small. They have brown and grey feathers.”可知，询问长相可用“What do/does sb/sth look like ”来提问，排除B和D；根据“do you know”可知后接宾语从句，从句采用陈述语序。故选C。
17．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—What did the teacher say just now
—He asked me ________.
A．who I am shouting at B．why I looked angry then
C．when I will go to the concert D．how could I do the maths problem
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——老师刚才说了什么？——他问我当时为什么看起来很生气。
考查宾语从句。who I am shouting at我在对谁喊；why I looked angry them我当时为什么看起来很生气；when I will go to the concert我什么时候去听音乐会；how could I do the maths problem我怎么做这道数学题。根据“He asked me”可知，此处是宾语从句，应该用陈述语序，排除D项。此句主句是一般过去时，宾语从句的时态遵循“主过从必过”原则，所以选项A和C时态不妥。故选B。
18．（2024·江苏淮安·二模）—I want to know ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the train ticket B．how can I buy the train ticket
C．when I can buy the train ticket D．when can I buy the train ticket
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我想知道怎样才能买到便宜的火车票。——您可以通过我们的官方APP预订。
考查宾语从句。根据“I want to know”可知，句子含宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D；根据“You can book one through our official APP.”可知是询问订机票的方式，用how提问。故选A。
19．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）—It has been some time since the Shenzhou-18 astronauts entered China’s space station. I wonder ________.
—It’s reported that they will raise fish in zero gravity for the first time.
A．that they enjoy their life in space
B．what their daily life was like in space
C．how soon these astronauts will return
D．if they have any special tasks to complete
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——自从神舟18号宇航员进入到中国空间站已经有一段时间了，我想知道是否他们是否有特别的任务需要完成？——据报道，他们将会第一次在失重的情况下养鱼。
考查宾语从句。根据“I wonder”可知从句是疑问句，不能用that引导，排除A；根据回答“It’s reported that they will raise fish in zero gravity for the first time.”可知是回答“是否有特殊任务”的话题，故选D。
20．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—My Altay (《我的阿勒泰》) written by Li Juan is a best seller this year.
—Really I want to borrow it. Could you tell me ________
A．that I can borrow it B．when should I return it
C．how long I can borrow it D．if I can keep it for one week
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——李娟的《我的阿勒泰》是今年的畅销书。——真的吗？我想借它。你能告诉我能不能借一个星期吗？
考查宾语从句、延续性动词和非延续性动词。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除B；根据“Could you tell me...”可知此处不能用that引导宾语从句，排除A；选项C中的how long应与延续性动词连用，borrow是非延续性动词，故排除C。故选D。
21．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）Becky is surfing the Internet. She wants to know ________.
A．what different colors represent B．how can colors influence people
C．that blue hat matches her dress D．whether does red bring her success
【答案】A
【详解】句意：Becky正在上网。她想知道不同颜色代表什么。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，排除B和D，根据“Becky is surfing the Internet. She wants to know”可知，宾语从句是疑问句，引导词用特殊疑问词，排除C。故选A。
22．（2024·江苏南京·二模）“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________.
A．why should we take care of the earth
B．what we can do to improve our manners
C．whether we are rude to other living things
D．that it is important to protect the environment
【答案】D
【详解】句意：“我们已经忘记了如何做一个好客人，如何像其他生物一样在地球上轻盈地行走。”这个句子告诉我们保护环境很重要。
考查宾语从句。why should we take care of the earth我们为什么要保护地球；what we can do to improve our manners我们能做些什么来改善我们的礼仪；whether we are rude to other living things我们是否对其他生物粗鲁；that it is important to protect the environment保护环境很重要。此处是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A项。根据“We have forgotten how to be good guests”可知，我们应该在地球上做一个好客人，因此表示要保护地球，保护环境很重要，故选D。
23．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Could you please tell me something about Ye Guangfu I want to know .
A．that he grew up in a rural area in Sichuan
B．when was he announced as commander for the Shenzhou-18 mission
C．if Ye set his sights on space and applied to be an astronaut in 2009
D．how does he find the 48-hour wilderness survival and emergency rescue exercises
【答案】C
【详解】句意：你能给我介绍一下叶光富吗？我想知道叶是否把太空定为目标，并在2009年申请成为一名宇航员。
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处为宾语从句，从句应用陈述语序，排除B和D；“want to know”表达想知道，应用if“是否”引导宾语从句，指想知道叶是否把太空定为目标，故选C。
24．（2024·江苏南通·二模）—If I am curious about Haian’s local culture, could you tell me ________
—Haian Museum would be a wonderful place.
A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is
C．how I can go to Haian Museum D．if Haian Museum would be a wonderful place to visit
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——如果我对海安的地方文化很好奇，你能告诉我我的第一选择是哪里吗？——海安博物馆是个不错的地方。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序；且根据“Haian Museum would be a wonderful place.”可知，是问自己可以去哪里学习海安的地方文化，B选项“我的第一选择是哪里”符合语境。故选B。
25．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—The 2024 Olympics will be held in France. Do you know ________
—Yes. The opening ceremony is on 26th July.
A．when it will be held B．when will it be held
C．which city will it be held in D．which city it will be held in
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——2024年奥运会将在法国举行。你知道什么时候举行吗？——是的。开幕式将于7月26日举行。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句用陈述语序，排除BC；根据“The opening ceremony is on 26th July.”可知，问开幕式的举行时间，应用when引导宾语从句，故选A。
26．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Could you please tell me ________
—You can go there by underground. It’s very beautiful.
A．where Jiming Temple is
B．how I can get to Jiming Temple
C．what I can see in Jiming Temple
D．how long it takes to get to Jiming Temple
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎么去鸡鸣寺吗？——你可以乘地铁去那里。那里非常美。
考查宾语从句。根据“You can go there by underground.”可知，此处询问去某地的方式，用how引导宾语从句。故选B。
27．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—I will have a five-day holiday. I am thinking about ________.
—Why not take a tour around Nanjing and learn about the local culture
A．when I can get to Nanjing B．what I can buy in Nanjing
C．how I can spend the holiday D．who I can spend the holiday with
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我将有五天的假期。我在考虑可以怎样度过这个假期。——为什么不到南京转转，了解一下当地的文化呢？
考查宾语从句。when I can get to Nanjing我什么时候可以去南京；what I can buy in Nanjing我可以在南京买什么；how I can spend the holiday我可以怎样度过这个假期；who I can spend the holiday with我可以和谁度过这个假期。 分析句子结构可知，空格处是宾语从句，作think about的宾语；结合答语“Why not take a tour around Nanjing and learn about the local culture ”可知，是关于如何度过假期。故选C。
28．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）—Do you know ________, John
—Sure. There are some steps to follow.
A．how people make Wuyi Rock tea B．when do people drink Wuyi Rock tea
C．where people drink Wuyi Rock tea D．whether do people buy Wuyi Rock tea
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——约翰，你知道武夷岩茶是怎么泡制的吗？——当然。有一些步骤需要遵循。
考查宾语从句。how people make Wuyi Rock tea人们是如何泡制武夷岩茶的；when do people drink Wuyi Rock tea人们什么时候喝武夷岩茶；where people drink Wuyi Rock tea人们在哪里喝武夷岩茶；whether do people buy Wuyi Rock tea人们是否买武夷岩茶。根据答语“There are some steps to follow.”可知，空处是询问制作方法，所以用how引导，故选A。
29．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）— A personality test called MBTI is now very popular. I really wonder ________.
— It can help you know more about yourself as well as guide your education and job choices.
A．why does the test become so popular B．if you are an ‘I’ person or an ‘E’ person
C．that many people find the test helpful D．what the personality test is often used for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——一种名为MBTI的性格测试现在非常流行。我真的很想知道性格测试经常用来做什么。——它可以帮助你更多地了解自己，并指导你的教育和工作选择。
考查宾语从句。宾语从句应为陈述语序，故排除A；根据“I really wonder...”可知，C项内容不符，故排除；根据答语“It can help you know more about yourself as well as guide your education and job choices.”可知，想知道的是性格测试的用途，D项符合语境，故选D。
30．（2024·江苏常州·二模）—Is there anything you are interested in about Chinese people
—Yes, I’m still wondering ________.
A．how is Chinese knot made B．how the Great Wall is built in ancient times
C．that the Chinese people like to let off fireworks D．why Chinese young people are interested in Hanfu
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你对中国有什么感兴趣的吗？——是的，我还在想为什么中国年轻人对汉服感兴趣。
考查宾语从句。根据“Yes, I’m still wondering…”可知，句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，因此排除A选项；再由“Is there anything you are interested in about Chinese people ”可知，此处应回复“为什么中国年轻人对汉服感兴趣”。故选D。
（二）定语从句
【考点诠释】
考点 考向 考法/命题角度
关系代词 关系代词与关系副词的 区分； 限制性与非限制性定语 从句的区分 关系代词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语，常见的that,which,who(宾格whom，所有格whose)。
关系副词 关系副词,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常见的关系副词有 when, where, why。
非限制性定语从句 非限制定语从句 非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。。
【典题举隅】
1．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）I will remember the time ______ we spent together.
A．what B．it C．that D．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我会记得我们一起度过的时光。
考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空格处为定语从句引导词，先行词为the time，从句缺宾语，故应用关系代词that或which。故选C。
2．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause
A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films.
B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday.
C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon.
D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
【答案】C
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子有不同的从句？
考查复合句。选项A中who acts in plays or films为定语从句，修饰先行词woman；选项B中which is made of wool为定语从句，修饰先行词scarf；选项C中that the police will catch the murderer soon为宾语从句；选项D中that I borrowed from the library为定语从句，修饰先行词book。故选C。
3．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Armstrong became the first man _______ walked on the moon on 20th July, 1969.
A．whom B．when C．where D．that
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在1969年7月20日，阿姆斯特朗成为第一个在月球上行走的人。
考查定语从句。whom引导定语从句时，先行词是人，在从句中作宾语；when引导定语从句时，先行词是时间，在从句中作时间状语；where引导定语从句时，先行词是地点，在从句中作地点状语；that引导定语从句时，先行词是人或物。本句先行词为man，指人，从句缺主语，需用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，但先行词被the first修饰，只能用that。故选D。
4．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The students are reading stories ________ are full of positive energy these days.
A．which B．what C．who D．/
【答案】A
【详解】句意：这些天，学生们正在阅读充满正能量的故事。
考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词“stories”，并在从句中作主语，故用关系代词which引导定语从句。故选A。
5．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
【答案】D
【详解】句意：大雨过后，我刚买的伞坏了。
考查定语从句的引导词。whose引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语；whom引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作作宾语；who引导定语从句，先行词为人，在从句中作主语；which引导定语从句，先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是umbrella，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用which引导，故选D。
6．（2024·江苏泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days
—Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok.
A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道这些天很流行的那首歌吗？——当然。是关于一个穿着帽衫在抖音上请求帮助的女孩。
考查定语从句。定语从句中先行词为人时用关系代词that或who；先行词为物时用关系代词that或which。问句中先行词为the song，所以关系代词用that或which。答语先行词为a girl，所以关系代词that或who。所以B选项中的符合定语从句对引导词的要求。故选B。
7．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—Which song do you like better, Helen
—I prefer the song Proud of you _________ can attract many people.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——海伦，你更喜欢哪首歌？ ——我更喜欢能吸引很多人的歌曲《为你骄傲》。
考查关系代词。which用作定语从句的关系代词时，指代表示物的先行词；who和whom用作定语从句的关系代词时，指代表示人的先行词；where表示地点，关系副词。答语中的句子是一个定语从句，先行词是“the song Proud of you”，应该用关系代词which。故选A。
8．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable.
A．which B．when C．what D．who
【答案】D
【详解】句意：吴先生是我想向他学习的老师。他知识渊博。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是teacher，关系词在从句中作宾语，用who引导定语从句。故选D。
9．（2024·江苏常州·一模）— Do you know the boy in red ________ is sitting next to Bob
— Yes. He is Bob’s best friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday.
A．/; fifth B．who; twelfth C．which; ninth D．that; twelve
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道坐在鲍勃旁边的那个穿红色衣服的男孩吗？——是的，他是鲍勃的朋友，他们正在庆祝他的12岁生日。
考查定语从句和数词的用法。在定语从句中，先行词指人时用who/that引导；表示某人的第几个生日用序数词，twelve的序数词是twelfth，故选B。
10．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China.
A．where B．who C．which D．when
【答案】C
【详解】句意：《四个春天》是一部纪录片，讲述了中国西南部贵州一个小镇上一个家庭的日常生活。
考查定语从句。此处含定语从句，先行词是物，引导词在从句中作主语，故选C。
11．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher
—Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses.
A．who B．which C．what D．where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——哪一个是你的数学老师？——在那里！那个戴着一副圆眼镜的高个子男人。
考查定语从句关系词。who引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是人；which引导定语从句，在句中作主语/宾语，先行词是物；what不能引导定语从句；where引导定语从句，在句中作地点状语，其前面有表示地点的先行词。分析句子可知，空后句子作定语修饰名词the tall man，空处在句中作主语，且先行词是人，所以用who，故选A。
12．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）The shoes ________ I had just bought were broken after playing basketball.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
【答案】D
【详解】句意：我刚买的那双鞋在打篮球后就坏了。
考查定语从句的引导词。whose谁的，作定语；whom谁，指人，作宾语；who谁，指人，作主/宾语；which哪个，指物，作主/宾语。定语从句先行词是shoes，指物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，应用which引导。故选D。
13．（2024·江苏南京阶段练习）—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years
—Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever.
A．who B．that C．what D．which
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——毕业这么多年了，母校对你来说意味着什么？——一切！那些我熟悉的难忘的事情和人会永远留在我的脑海里。
考查定语从句关系词。根据“Those unforgettable things and people”可知，先行词即有人又有物，关系代词只能用that。故选B。
14．（2024·江苏常州·一模）—Mum, can you see the T-shirt ________ I put here just now
—Oh, I’ve taken it to your bedroom.
A．which B．who C．whose D．where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——妈妈，你看见我刚才放在这里的T恤了吗？——哦，我把它拿到你的卧室去了。
考查定语从句。根据“can you see the T-shirt ... I put here just now ”可知，句子是定语从句，先行词T-shirt，指物，在从句中作宾语，关系词用which引导定语从句。故选A。
15．（23-24九年级上·江苏南京·期末）Which of the following sentences has a relative clause
A．She started learning Qinqiang Opera from her mother when she was 4 years old.
B．If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption.
C．He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting.
D．I believe working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty.
【答案】C
【详解】句意：下列哪个句子有定语从句？
考查定语从句。He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting. “他想成为那种能让自己的角色有趣的演员。”为that引导的定语从句，先行词是actor，在从句中作主语。故选C。
16．（2023·江苏扬州·二模）After many years of looking, scientists have found a planet __________is similar to the Earth.
A．that B．who C．what D．when
【答案】A
【详解】句意：经过多年的寻找，科学家们发现了一颗与地球相似的行星。
考查定语从句。that关系代词，在定从中可作主、宾、表语，先行词可以是人，也可以是物；who关系代词，在定从中可作主、宾、表语，先行词是人；what什么，不能引导定从；when关系副词，先行词为时间。分析句子结构可知，此句是一个定语从句，先行词是a planet，用关系代词that作从句主语，故选A。
17．（2023·江苏宿迁·二模）—Zibo is a small city ________ has been famous for its barbecue recently.
—Yes, many people from all over the country flock to this city.
A．which B．what C．who D．where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——淄博是一座近来因烧烤闻名的小城市。——是的，来自全国各地的许多人都涌向这座城市。
考查定语从句连词。which引导定语从句，先行词为物；what什么，不能引导定语从句；who引导定语从句，先行词为人；where引导定语从句，先行词为地点状语。根据“a small city”可知，是物，故用which来引导。故选A。
18．（2023·江苏泰州·一模）China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受资）, the CFO of ByteDance.
A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that
【答案】A
【详解】句意：中国反对美国对TikTok的行动。“许多被指出的风险根本不是真的。”字节跳动首席财务官周受资说。
考查介词辨析以及定语从句。against反对；for为了。根据“China is…the US’ action on TikTok”可知，中国在反对美国对TikTok的行动，所以第一空填against。第二空所在句子是定语从句，先行词risks是指物，在从句中作主语，用关系词that，故选A。
19．（2024·江苏镇江·一模）Our country is not the poor country _________ it used to be.
A．who B．what C．that D．whom
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我们的国家不再是过去那个贫穷的国家了。
考查定语从句。who先行词是人，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句；that先行词为人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom先行词是人，在从句中作宾语。本句先行词是country，关系词在从句中作宾语，应用that，故选C。
20．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）—Have you heard about the new song Lonely Warrior_______ many teenagers are talking about these days
—Sure. It encourages me every time I hear it.
A．who B．whose C．that D．what
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你听说过最近很多青少年都在谈论的新歌《孤勇者》吗？——当然。每次听到它都让我倍受鼓舞。
考查定语从句。who关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whose关系代词，先行词指人，在从句中作定语；that关系代词，先行词指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语；what不引导定语从句。此句先行词是 the new song Lonely Warrior，指物，在句中作宾语，所以用that引导。故选C。
1．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.
A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is
C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——林太太，我是新来的。你能告诉我南通博物馆是什么样子的吗？——当然。它有着悠久的历史，看起来很有吸引力。
考查宾语从句和情景交际。what Nantong Museum is like南通博物馆是什么样子的；how far the Haohe River is浩河有多远；how I can get to Binjiang Park我怎么去滨江公园；what I can see in the Wolf Hill我在狼山看到了什么。根据“Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.”以及选项可知，此处应是询问南通博物馆是什么样子，选项A符合。故选A。
2．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）I know you’ve bought a book about Mars. I wonder ________.
A．where can I buy one B．that it cost thirty-five yuan
C．when you will finish reading it D．who you will borrow one from
【答案】C
【详解】句意：我知道你买了一本关于火星的书。我想知道你什么时候能看完。
考查宾语从句。where can I buy one我在哪里可以买到；that it cost thirty-five yuan它花了35元钱；when you will finish reading it你什么时候读完它；who you will borrow one from你要向谁借。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除A；根据“wonder”可知，是想知道某事，B项不符合语境；根据“I know you’ve bought a book about Mars.”可知，是买的书，不是借的，D项语意不符。故选C。
3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Miss Song, I haven’t decided _______.
—I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.
A．how will I go to Suqian Museum
B．how I will go to Suqian Museum
C．whether will I go to Suqian Museum
D．whether I will go to Suqian Museum
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——宋小姐，我还没决定是否去宿迁博物馆。——我真的希望你能去参观。这是了解我们城市历史的好机会。
考查宾语从句。how will I go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿迁博物馆，疑问语序；how I will go to Suqian Museum我怎么去宿迁博物馆，陈述语序；whether will I go to Suqian Museum我是否会去宿迁博物馆，疑问语序；whether I will go to Suqian Museum我是否会去宿迁博物馆，陈述语序。此处是宾语从句，需用陈述语序，排除AC；根据答语“I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.”可知，还没决定是否去，故选D。
4．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ______
—Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first
A．where can I buy a home robot B．where I can buy a home robot
C．how can I turn the home robot on D．how I can turn the home robot on
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我怎样启动家用机器人吗？——对不起，我以前从来没有过家用机器人。为什么不先看看说明书呢？
考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序，排除AC选项；再根据“Why not read the instructions first ”可知，建议看说明书，说明问句是问如何启动家用机器人，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。
5．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A．why B．which C．where D．what
【答案】A
【详解】句意：青少年并不总是理解为什么他们的父母有这么多规则。
考查宾语从句。why为什么；which哪一个；where在哪里；what什么。分析句子可知，此处是含宾语从句的复合句，从句不缺主语、宾语，故不用which、what引导从句。结合句子可知，此处询问原因，故用why。故选A。
6．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）—John, can you tell me _________ in the future
—I want to be a football player.
A．what will you do B．where will you go
C．what you will do D．where you will go
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——约翰，你能告诉我你将来要做什么吗？——我想成为一名足球运动员。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AB；根据“I want to be a football player.”可知此处询问职业，用what引导宾语从句。故选C。
7．（2017·江苏淮安·中考真题）—What do you think of the TV programme called Readers
—Wonderful! It is the best programme ________ I have ever watched.
A．when B．that C．what D．who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你认为电视节目《朗读者》怎么样？——太棒了！这是我看过的最好的节目。
考查定语从句。when关系副词，作时间状语；that关系代词，先行词可以是人或物；what什么；who关系代词，先行词是人。此处定语从句先行词“programme”指物且被形容词最高级修饰，只可用关系代词that。故选B。
8．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is considered the queen of crime novels.
A．what B．whose C．who D．which
【答案】C
【详解】句意：阿加莎·克里斯蒂是一位被誉为犯罪小说女王的女作家。
考查关系代词。what不能引导定语从句；whose是关系代词，指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语；who是关系代词，指代人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语；which关系代词，指代物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。根据题干可知，本句是一个定语从句，先行词writer指人，引导词在从句中作主语，因此用关系代词who引导，故选C。
9．（2020·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Do you know the boy ________is talking to Mr Zhang
—Yes. He is our monitor.
A．which B．who C．whose D．whom
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你认识正在和张先生说话的那个男孩吗？——是的。他是我们的班长。
考查定语从句。which引导定语从句先行词指物，在从句中作主语、宾语；who引导定语从句先行词指人，在从句中作主语；whose引导定语从句先行词指人或物，在从句中作定语；whom引导定语从句先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。由“Do you know the boy…is talking to Mr Zhang”可知，从句中缺少主语，且先行词boy指人，故应用who引导定语从句。故选B。
10．（2019·江苏淮安·中考真题）The charities have helped more children with the money _______ people raise.
A．who B．what C．where D．which
【答案】D
【详解】句意：慈善机构用人们筹集的钱帮助了更多的儿童。A. who关系词，先行词是人；B. what不能引导定语从句；C. where关系副词，在定语从句中做状语；D. which关系代词，先行词是物。people raise 修饰the money，先行词是物，关系词用which引导。根据题意，故选D。
11．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.
A．where B．when C．which D．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。
12．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。
考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。
13．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
【答案】A
【详解】句意：真正的朋友是在你困难的时候能帮助你的人。
考查定语从句引导词。who指人，在句中作主语/宾语；whom指人，在句中作宾语；whose在句中作定语；which在句中指物。空格所在句为定语从句，修饰名词person，指人，并且在句中作主语，用引导词who。故选A。
14．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A．what B．which C．who D．/
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你最喜欢哪种电影？——我喜欢那些让我感到快乐和放松的电影。
考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which引导定语从句，先行词指物，在从句中作主语或宾语；who谁，引导定语从句，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词the movies指物，且连接词在从句中作主语，应用which引导，且不可省略。故选B。
15．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A．what B．which C．who D．whom
【答案】C
【详解】句意：真正的朋友是一个永远会与你分享欢笑和泪水的人。
考查定语从句。what什么，不引导定语从句；which哪一个，先行词指物；who谁，先行词指人，在从句中作主语或宾语；whom谁，先行词指人，在从句中作宾语。分析句子可知，此处是含定语从句的复合句，先行词a person指人，且连接词在从句中作主语，故用who引导定语从句。故选C。
16．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________
—Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.
A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly
C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——Amy，我非常饿。你知道我们在哪里可以快速弄到吃的吗？——当然！我建议去那边的阳光快餐店。
考查宾语从句。know后面是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D选项。根据“I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there”可知，询问地点用where引导宾语从句，故选A。
17．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Chen Dan, do you know ________
—Bus No.3 will take you there.
A．what is Star Park like B．what Star Park is like
C．how can I get to Star Park D．how I can get to Star Park
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——陈丹，你知道我怎么去明星公园吗？——3路公共汽车送你去那里。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“Bus No.3 will take you there.”可知此处询问如何到达某地，用how引导宾语从句。故选D。
18．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Could you tell me something about Qu Qiubai I need to know about ________.
A．how many books did he publish B．that he studied and worked in Russia
C．which part of Changzhou did he live in D．what foreign languages he could speak
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你能告诉我一些关于瞿秋白的事情吗？我需要知道他会说什么外语。
考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除AC；根据“I need to know about...”可知宾语从句不能用that引导，排除B。故选D。
19．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we celebrate it together
—I’d love to, but could you tell me ________
A．what is the meaning of the festival
B．where we would have the celebration
C．how you usually celebrate the festival
D．when is this year’s Dragon Boat Festival
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——迈克，你在中国的第一个端午节就要到了。我们一起庆祝好吗？——我很想去，但是你能告诉我你们通常是怎么庆祝这个节日的吗？
考查宾语从句。tell后缺少直接宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AD；结合“Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we celebrate it together ”可知第一次来，想知道通常如何庆祝这个节日，用how引导宾语从句。故选C。
20．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．who will be the host of it B．in which hall was it held
C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech
【答案】C
【详解】句意：青年盛典成功举行！你能告诉我谁的节目让你最兴奋吗？
考查宾语从句。分析句子可知，空格处应为宾语从句，从句应为陈述语序，排除B选项。根据“was held”可知，事情发生在过去，应为过去时态，排除A选项。“Could you tell me…”是疑问句，D选项由that引导从句，表陈述语气，故排除。故选C。
21．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我想知道你打算和谁一起过暑假。——我最好的朋友詹姆斯。
考查宾语从句。wonder后缺少宾语，用宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序，排除AC；再由“My best friend James.”可知对人提问，用who引导宾语从句，排除B。故选D。
22．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）—You know ________ In 12 hours!
— That’s crazy. How is it even possible
A．how soon we must finish the task B．how often we must finish the task
C．how soon must we finish the task D．how often must we finish the task
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你知道我们要多久完成任务吗？12小时内！——这太疯狂了。这怎么可能？
考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，从句用陈述语序，排除C和D选项。根据“In 12 hours”可知，in+一段时间，要用how soon引导宾语从句，故选A。
23．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. What a nice surprise!
A．had come B．have come C．would come D．will come
【答案】C
【详解】句意：嘿，珍妮阿姨！是你！我没想到你会过来。多么惊喜啊！
考查动词时态。由“didn’t expect”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，则从句也应为过去时态。“来”的动作发生在将来，应为将来时，故空格处为过去将来时，结构是would do。故选C。
24．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我想知道什么时候能买到便宜的机票。——您可以通过我们的官方APP预订。
考查宾语从句。根据“I’m wondering”可知，句子含宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除B和D；答句是订机票的方式，用how提问。故选A。
25．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）—Sarah, do you know ________
—It’s on April 23.
A．what is World Book Day B．what World Book Day is
C．when is World Book Day D．when World Book Day is
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——萨拉，你知道世界读书日是在什么时候吗？——在4月23日。
考查when引导的宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述语序，故排除A、C。what World Book Day is什么是世界读书日；when World Book Day is世界读书日是在什么时候。根据答句“It’s on April 23.”可知此处应是when引导的宾语从句，询问时间。故选D。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题05 句法之宾语从句及定语从句
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 2
宾语从句 2
定语从句 12
中考练场 19
【题型解读】
宾语从句为中考的必考点，主要在单项选择题中考查，侧重考查其引导词、语序、时态的应用。一般至少会涉及两个考查点：
①引导词相同，语序和时态不同；
②时态一致，语序和引导词不同。而且通常都会在一些固定的句型中涉及，如I wonder，Would/Could you please tell me, Can you tell me, Do you know, I don’t know等等。
定语从句是在整个句子中充当定语的句子，他的作用就是用来修饰和限定名词的。引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who（指人）。指人时可用that或who，指物时可用that或which，但有时只能用that不能用which。常见的情况有下列四种：
1. 当先行词是all, any, anything, everything, nothing等不定代词时。
2. 当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。
3. 当先行词有the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时。
4. 当先行词既有人又有物时，用that不用which。
【命题规律】
1. 宾语从句重点考查四个方面，即：时态、语序、引导词和人称。根据宾语从句语义及语法成分确定连接词: when, where, why, whether/if, how, who, whom等。宾语从句语法成分齐全时可用that连接，that也可省略。
2. 定语从句关系代词与关系副词的区别。常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
一看指人还是物（指人用that、who、whom; 指物用that、which）
二看在句中作什么成分（作主语用who、which、that;作宾语用who、whom、which、that;作定语用whose;作状语用where、when等）
三看是否属于特殊情况：即引导词只能用that的情况：（先行词是all、something等不定代词时;先行词被最高级或序数词修饰时;先行词既指人又指物时)
【解题技巧】
做此类试题时，首先从语序着手，宾语从句的语序应该为陈述句语序，即：主语+谓语+宾语+其他；再从时态考虑，一般情况下，宾语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致，但是，如果有明显的时间状语，要以时间状语来判断时态；最后，再判断疑问词。
宾语从句的解题技巧
①语序法：看句子是否为陈述语序（特殊情况除外）
②补全法：看句子是否完整，成分有无残缺
定语从句的解题技巧
对于初中阶段，选准关系代词和关系副词。在定语从句中，关系代词和关系副词都代替先行词在从句中充当一定的成分，如果该从句中缺少主语、表语、宾语或定语，就要用关系代词来连接从句；如果从句中缺少状语，就要用关系副词来连接从句。
（一）宾语从句
【考点诠释】
考点 考向 考法/命题角度
连接词 从时态、语序、引导词三个方面综合考查 引导词,不同句子词相异。陈述句子用that;一般疑问是否(if,whether)替;特殊问句更好办,引导还用疑问词。
时态 时态变化,主句不同从句异。主句若为现在时,从句时态应看意;主句若为过去时,从句时态应变相应过; 从句若为真理时,永用一般现在时。
语序 语序要记清,从句永保陈述序。
【典题举隅】
1．（2024·江苏镇江·模拟预测）—Excuse me, could you tell me ________
—Better take a bus there. It’s a little far from here.
A．how far Nianhua Bay is B．how far is Nianhua Bay
C．how can I get to Nianhua Bay D．how I can get to Nianhua Bay
2．（2024·江苏常州·一模）Look, there are so many people waiting outside the new store. Could you tell me ________
A．what can I buy in the store B．what are sold in the new store
C．whether the store opened every day D．how long will the special offer last
3．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Excuse me. Could you tell me ________ I can get to the Space Museum
—Of course. You can take bus No. 1.
A．where B．how C．if D．why
4．（2024·江苏连云港·三模）—James, can you tell me ________
— Paul I haven’t seen him for years. He used to be shy and quiet.
A．what is Paul like B．what Paul is like C．what does Paul like D．what Paul likes
5．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）I don’t know ________ the charity show tomorrow. Can you tell me
A．when we start B．when did we start
C．when we will start D．when will we start
6．（2024·江苏徐州·三模）Report says that keeping pets helps children grow up. I wonder ________ it is true.
A．where B．when C．why D．whether
7．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）—China launched its Chang’e 6 spacecraft at Wenchang on May 3rd, 2024.
—What good news! I wonder ________.
A．that it will stay on the moon
B．how many astronauts are there in it
C．how soon will it return from the moon
D．whether it will collect some rocks from the moon
8．（2024·江苏常州·三模）The problems of the environment worry everyone. Could you tell me ______
A．how soon will the problems be solved B．why Japan didn’t stop doing that
C．how our future life will be like D．whether it may cause global warming
9．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）Shenzhou-18 lifted off successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．when it would come back to Earth
B．why are the three astronauts chosen for China Space Station
C．how many astronauts entered China Space Station
D．what will it mean to the development of China’s space industry
10．（2024·江苏常州·三模）—I’m looking for a dress for myself, but I’m wondering ________.
—Wow! It’s nice. It’s quite perfect for you!
A．that I can try on the white dress B．how much I should pay for the white dress
C．if the white dress looks good on me D．that the white dress looks good on me
11．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）—Could you tell me ________
—Better than I expected.
A．when you took your exams B．how your speech was
C．if you went to the concert D．why you left your hometown
12．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）—Millie is worried about her brother who has joined the medical team to Africa.
—He is so brave! I wonder ________.
A．how long he has been to Africa B．whether he has gone to Africa before
C．how many times he has been in Africa D．how soon he will return from Africa
13．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）—Dragon Boat Festival is one of the traditional festivals. Could you tell me ______
—We make Zongzi and watch boat races.
A．what do you like about the Dragon Boat Festival
B．how you celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival
C．when Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year
D．what Chinese people usually do at the Dragon Boat Festival
14．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）The three-person team of Shenzhou-17 returned home on April 30th. Do you know ________
A．if they will carry out many tasks B．where it would land on Earth at last
C．when it was sent to Tiangong Space Station D．how many days did they stay
15．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）—Excuse me, I wonder _________.
—Yes, it’s near the bookshop.
A．when she will give a call B．if there is a new post office
C．where we will go for the holiday D．whether we can go to HongKong
16．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）—Helen, do you know ________
—They are small. They have brown and grey feathers.
A．what do sparrows like B．how sparrows are
C．what sparrows look like D．how do sparrows look like
17．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—What did the teacher say just now
—He asked me ________.
A．who I am shouting at B．why I looked angry then
C．when I will go to the concert D．how could I do the maths problem
18．（2024·江苏淮安·二模）—I want to know ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the train ticket B．how can I buy the train ticket
C．when I can buy the train ticket D．when can I buy the train ticket
19．（2024·江苏镇江·二模）—It has been some time since the Shenzhou-18 astronauts entered China’s space station. I wonder ________.
—It’s reported that they will raise fish in zero gravity for the first time.
A．that they enjoy their life in space
B．what their daily life was like in space
C．how soon these astronauts will return
D．if they have any special tasks to complete
20．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—My Altay (《我的阿勒泰》) written by Li Juan is a best seller this year.
—Really I want to borrow it. Could you tell me ________
A．that I can borrow it B．when should I return it
C．how long I can borrow it D．if I can keep it for one week
21．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）Becky is surfing the Internet. She wants to know ________.
A．what different colors represent B．how can colors influence people
C．that blue hat matches her dress D．whether does red bring her success
22．（2024·江苏南京·二模）“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________.
A．why should we take care of the earth
B．what we can do to improve our manners
C．whether we are rude to other living things
D．that it is important to protect the environment
23．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Could you please tell me something about Ye Guangfu I want to know .
A．that he grew up in a rural area in Sichuan
B．when was he announced as commander for the Shenzhou-18 mission
C．if Ye set his sights on space and applied to be an astronaut in 2009
D．how does he find the 48-hour wilderness survival and emergency rescue exercises
24．（2024·江苏南通·二模）—If I am curious about Haian’s local culture, could you tell me ________
—Haian Museum would be a wonderful place.
A．where can I travel B．which place my first choice is
C．how I can go to Haian Museum D．if Haian Museum would be a wonderful place to visit
25．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—The 2024 Olympics will be held in France. Do you know ________
—Yes. The opening ceremony is on 26th July.
A．when it will be held B．when will it be held
C．which city will it be held in D．which city it will be held in
26．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Could you please tell me ________
—You can go there by underground. It’s very beautiful.
A．where Jiming Temple is
B．how I can get to Jiming Temple
C．what I can see in Jiming Temple
D．how long it takes to get to Jiming Temple
27．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—I will have a five-day holiday. I am thinking about ________.
—Why not take a tour around Nanjing and learn about the local culture
A．when I can get to Nanjing B．what I can buy in Nanjing
C．how I can spend the holiday D．who I can spend the holiday with
28．（2024·江苏连云港·二模）—Do you know ________, John
—Sure. There are some steps to follow.
A．how people make Wuyi Rock tea B．when do people drink Wuyi Rock tea
C．where people drink Wuyi Rock tea D．whether do people buy Wuyi Rock tea
29．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）— A personality test called MBTI is now very popular. I really wonder ________.
— It can help you know more about yourself as well as guide your education and job choices.
A．why does the test become so popular B．if you are an ‘I’ person or an ‘E’ person
C．that many people find the test helpful D．what the personality test is often used for
30．（2024·江苏常州·二模）—Is there anything you are interested in about Chinese people
—Yes, I’m still wondering ________.
A．how is Chinese knot made B．how the Great Wall is built in ancient times
C．that the Chinese people like to let off fireworks D．why Chinese young people are interested in Hanfu
（二）定语从句
【考点诠释】
考点 考向 考法/命题角度
关系代词 关系代词与关系副词的 区分； 限制性与非限制性定语 从句的区分 关系代词,关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语，常见的that,which,who(宾格whom，所有格whose)。
关系副词 关系副词,关系副词在定语从句中作状语，常见的关系副词有 when, where, why。
非限制性定语从句 非限制定语从句 非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如果省去，意思仍然完整。。
【典题举隅】
1．（2024·江苏宿迁·一模）I will remember the time ______ we spent together.
A．what B．it C．that D．who
2．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Which of the following sentences has a different clause
A．An actress is a woman who acts in plays or films.
B．I bought a scarf which is made of wool last Sunday.
C．People hope that the police will catch the murderer soon.
D．The book that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.
3．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Armstrong became the first man _______ walked on the moon on 20th July, 1969.
A．whom B．when C．where D．that
4．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The students are reading stories ________ are full of positive energy these days.
A．which B．what C．who D．/
5．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）The umbrella ________ I had just bought was broken after the heavy rain.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
6．（2024·江苏泰州·二模）—Do you know the song ________ is very popular these days
—Sure. It is about a girl ________ asked for help with her hoodie (帽衫) on TikTok.
A．that; which B．which; who C．who; which D．who; that
7．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）—Which song do you like better, Helen
—I prefer the song Proud of you _________ can attract many people.
A．which B．who C．whom D．where
8．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）Mr Wu is a teacher ________ I want to learn from. He is so knowledgeable.
A．which B．when C．what D．who
9．（2024·江苏常州·一模）— Do you know the boy in red ________ is sitting next to Bob
— Yes. He is Bob’s best friend. They are celebrating his ________ birthday.
A．/; fifth B．who; twelfth C．which; ninth D．that; twelve
10．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）Four Springs is a documentary film ______ tells a family’s daily life in the small town in Guizhou in Southwest China.
A．where B．who C．which D．when
11．（2024·江苏徐州·一模）—Which one is your Maths teacher
—Over there! The tall man ______ wears a pair of round glasses.
A．who B．which C．what D．where
12．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）The shoes ________ I had just bought were broken after playing basketball.
A．whose B．whom C．who D．which
13．（2024·江苏南京阶段练习）—What does Alma Mater (母校) mean to you after graduation for so many years
—Everything! Those unforgettable things and people ________ I’m familiar (熟悉的) with will remain in my mind forever.
A．who B．that C．what D．which
14．（2024·江苏常州·一模）—Mum, can you see the T-shirt ________ I put here just now
—Oh, I’ve taken it to your bedroom.
A．which B．who C．whose D．where
15．（23-24九年级上·江苏南京·期末）Which of the following sentences has a relative clause
A．She started learning Qinqiang Opera from her mother when she was 4 years old.
B．If you lose hope for the future, watch the movie The Shawshank Redemption.
C．He wants to be the kind of actor that keeps his roles interesting.
D．I believe working should be like a poem, full of love and beauty.
16．（2023·江苏扬州·二模）After many years of looking, scientists have found a planet __________is similar to the Earth.
A．that B．who C．what D．when
17．（2023·江苏宿迁·二模）—Zibo is a small city ________ has been famous for its barbecue recently.
—Yes, many people from all over the country flock to this city.
A．which B．what C．who D．where
18．（2023·江苏泰州·一模）China is ________ the US’ action on TikTok. “A lot of risks ________ are pointed out are not true at all.” said Chew（周受资）, the CFO of ByteDance.
A．against; that B．for; which C．against; who D．for; that
19．（2024·江苏镇江·一模）Our country is not the poor country _________ it used to be.
A．who B．what C．that D．whom
20．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）—Have you heard about the new song Lonely Warrior_______ many teenagers are talking about these days
—Sure. It encourages me every time I hear it.
A．who B．whose C．that D．what
1．（2024·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mrs Lin. I’m new here. Could you please tell me ________
—Sure. It has a long history and looks attractive.
A．what Nantong Museum is like B．how far the Haohe River is
C．how I can get to Binjiang Park D．what I can see in the Wolf Hill
2．（2024·江苏镇江·中考真题）I know you’ve bought a book about Mars. I wonder ________.
A．where can I buy one B．that it cost thirty-five yuan
C．when you will finish reading it D．who you will borrow one from
3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Miss Song, I haven’t decided _______.
—I really hope you will visit it. It’s a good chance to learn about the history of our city.
A．how will I go to Suqian Museum
B．how I will go to Suqian Museum
C．whether will I go to Suqian Museum
D．whether I will go to Suqian Museum
4．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）—Could you tell me ______
—Sorry, I’ve never had a home robot before. Why not read the instructions first
A．where can I buy a home robot B．where I can buy a home robot
C．how can I turn the home robot on D．how I can turn the home robot on
5．（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Teenagers don’t always understand ________ their parents have so many rules.
A．why B．which C．where D．what
6．（2024·江苏连云港·中考真题）—John, can you tell me _________ in the future
—I want to be a football player.
A．what will you do B．where will you go
C．what you will do D．where you will go
7．（2017·江苏淮安·中考真题）—What do you think of the TV programme called Readers
—Wonderful! It is the best programme ________ I have ever watched.
A．when B．that C．what D．who
8．（2021·江苏徐州·中考真题）Agatha Christie was a female writer ________ is considered the queen of crime novels.
A．what B．whose C．who D．which
9．（2020·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Do you know the boy ________is talking to Mr Zhang
—Yes. He is our monitor.
A．which B．who C．whose D．whom
10．（2019·江苏淮安·中考真题）The charities have helped more children with the money _______ people raise.
A．who B．what C．where D．which
11．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.
A．where B．when C．which D．who
12．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
13．（2024·甘肃临夏·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ can help you when you are in trouble.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
14．（2024·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kind of movies do you like best
—I like the movies ________ make me feel happy and relaxed.
A．what B．which C．who D．/
15．（2024·四川泸州·中考真题）A true friend is a person ________ will always be there to share your laughter and tears.
A．what B．which C．who D．whom
16．（2023·江苏南京·中考真题）—I’m very hungry, Amy. Do you know ________
—Of course! I suggest Sunshine Fast Food over there.
A．where we can get some food quickly B．where can we get some food quickly
C．when we can get some food quickly D．when can we get some food quickly
17．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Chen Dan, do you know ________
—Bus No.3 will take you there.
A．what is Star Park like B．what Star Park is like
C．how can I get to Star Park D．how I can get to Star Park
18．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）Could you tell me something about Qu Qiubai I need to know about ________.
A．how many books did he publish B．that he studied and worked in Russia
C．which part of Changzhou did he live in D．what foreign languages he could speak
19．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Mike, your first Dragon Boat Festival in China is coming. Shall we celebrate it together
—I’d love to, but could you tell me ________
A．what is the meaning of the festival
B．where we would have the celebration
C．how you usually celebrate the festival
D．when is this year’s Dragon Boat Festival
20．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）The Youth Ceremony was held successfully! Could you tell me ________
A．who will be the host of it B．in which hall was it held
C．whose show made you the most excited D．that you were encouraged by the speech
21．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—I wonder ________.
—My best friend James.
A．how can you spend the coming summer holidays
B．how you can spend the coming summer holidays
C．who will you spend the coming summer holidays with
D．who you will spend the coming summer holidays with
22．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）—You know ________ In 12 hours!
— That’s crazy. How is it even possible
A．how soon we must finish the task B．how often we must finish the task
C．how soon must we finish the task D．how often must we finish the task
23．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）Hey, Aunt Jenny! It’s you! I didn’t expect you ________ over. What a nice surprise!
A．had come B．have come C．would come D．will come
24．（2023·江苏扬州·中考真题）—I’m wondering ________ at a low price.
—You can book one through our official APP.
A．how I can buy the air ticket B．how can I buy the air ticket
C．when I can buy the air ticket D．when can I buy the air ticket
25．（2023·江苏连云港·中考真题）—Sarah, do you know ________
—It’s on April 23.
A．what is World Book Day B．what World Book Day is
C．when is World Book Day D．when World Book Day is
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