专题08 完形填空记叙文解题策略
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 3
利用文章首句信息解题 3
寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 ...................................................................................................4
利用上下文逻辑关系解题 ..........4
巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断............................................... .............................................5
熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题.....................................................................................................5
上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断.............................................................................................6
利用作者情感态度来解题.........................................................................................................8
依据常识，确定答案.................................................................................................................8
中考练场 .......11
【题型解读】
完形填空是近年来英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。
中考完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解。
【命题规律】
考点：以实词为主，侧重对动词（短语）、名词和形容词的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。
核心考点：逻辑推理，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。
题型和考查角度：
1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。
2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。
3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。
【解题策略】
上下文推理题：从整体角度考虑，结合上下文语境才能判断出最佳答案。
逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。
词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。
生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。
语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。
固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。
【应试技巧】
1、了解记叙文的六要素
记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚时间、地点、人物、 事件、经过和结果，即记叙文的“六要素”。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。
2、明确作者的写作目的
就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明个道理。 作者总是为了某个目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主旨。
3、读懂作者的观点或态度
解题时要认真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。 为了增加试题难度，命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下，对文章进行逻辑推断，才能推出文字之下的深层信息。
4、弄清作者叙述的视角
弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的。通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个:第一人称和第三人称。 用第一人称就是从 ”参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者态度和感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持定距高，读者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的写作角度有助于我们抓住作者思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。
【考点诠释】
（一）、利用文章首句信息解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。
【示例】 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. He only 1 about winning every race and becoming more successful.
1．A．heard B．talked C．cared D．learned
【答案】1．C
【解析】本篇完形填空的第一句话没有设题，是一个完整的句子。据此可知，本文讲述了村子里有一个十几岁的男孩，他只在乎赢得每一场比赛，变得更成功。句意：他只关心赢得每一场比赛，变得更加成功。
heard听到；talked谈论；cared在乎；learned学习。根据“He only...about winning every race”可知男孩只关心赢得每一场比赛。care about“关心”。故选C。
（二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理
如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。
【示例】Their ____30____ language helps me know when to adjust class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school.
30. A. body B. spoken C. written D. foreign
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他们的肢体语言帮助我知道什么时候该调整课堂活动，什么时候该分别与学生交谈，这样他们都能从学校得到最大的收获。
body身体；spoken口语的；written书面的；foreign外国的。根据“Their …language helps me know when to adjust（调整） class activities”可知，本文主要讲述了彼得的妈妈作为一名老师，通过身体语言判断学生的状态。故选A。
（三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题
完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
【示例】So we should always keep improving ourselves 20 try to understand our true value.
20．A．and B．so C．but D．or
【答案】20．A
【解析】句意：所以我们应该不断提高自己，努力了解自己的真正价值。
and和；so因此；but但是；or或者。根据“So we should always keep improving ourselves...try to understand our true value.”可知，前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接。故选A。
（四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断
同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。
【示例】 When they finished, Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot. He couldn’t stop smiling. “I think it’s the best ____30____ I have ever built. Now I have to write my report,” Jack said, hugging Grandpa. “Thank you, Grandpa. I had a lot of fun.”
30. A. room B. table C. schoolbag D. robot
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我认为这是我制造过的最好的机器人。
room房间；table桌子；schoolbag书包；robot机器人。根据“Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot”可知，他们建造的是机器人。故选D。
【示例】I remember the year when I was seven years old. I ___16___ a pretty hair clip from a girl in my dance class. ..........What a bad end I would come to if I became a thief—people would not trust me any more.
16. A. borrowed B. discovered C. stole D. pulled
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我从舞蹈课上的一个女孩那里偷了一个漂亮的发夹。
borrowed借入；discovered发现；stole偷；pulled拉。根据“if I became a thief”可知是偷了一个发夹。故选C。
（五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题
短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。
【示例】The charity began with a simple dream of giving ___6 hope ___, joy and magic to those kids. It later ___7___ a national organization that sent cards to over 5000 sick kids at more than 50 hospitals across the country.
7. A. looked up B. gave up C. broke into D. turned into
【答案】D
【解析】句意：后来它变成了一个全国性的组织，给全国50多家医院的5000多名生病的孩子送去了贺卡。
looked up查阅；gave up放弃；broke into闯入；turned into变成。根据“a national organization ”可知是指这个慈善机构变成了全国性的组织，故选D。
【示例】 It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most ____19____ and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me.
19. A. look down B. look up C. look back D. look through
【答案】B
【解析】句意：大多数人抬头与人眼神交流。
look down向下看；look up查阅，向上看；look back回顾；look through浏览。根据“It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most… and make eye contact.”可知，学生如果对课堂感兴趣，会抬头与老师进行眼神交流。故选B。
（六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断
语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。
【示例】One day, I was receiving my thirteenth operation in the hospital. Being away from my friends and school was causing me almost as much ___3___ as the operation itself.
3. A. fun B. pain C. value D. danger
【答案】B
【解析】离开我的朋友和学校给我带来的痛苦几乎和手术本身一样多。
fun乐趣；pain痛苦；value价值；danger危险。根据“Being away from my friends and school ”可知离开了朋友和学校，作者是很痛苦的，故选B。
【示例】Seeing a picture of a child ___9___ one of our cards with a huge smile makes us keep this wonderful charity alive.
9. A. selling B. printing C. holding D. cleaning
【答案】C
【解析】看到一个孩子带着灿烂的笑容拿着我们的卡片的照片，让我们把这个美好的慈善机构继续存在下去。
selling卖；printing打印；holding持着；cleaning打扫。根据“Seeing a picture of a child...one of our cards with a huge smile”可知是指孩子拿着卡片，应用holding，故选C。
【示例】____10____ might provide medicine for these sick kids, but we provide that little bit of hope and magic that’ll go a long way.
10. A. Teachers B. Friends C. Patients D. Doctors
【答案】D
【10题详解】医生可能会为这些生病的孩子提供药物，但我们提供的是那一点点希望和魔力，这将会走很长的路。Teachers老师；Friends朋友；Patients病人；Doctors医生。根据“provide medicine for these sick kids,”可知给生病的孩子提供药物的是医生，故选D。
（七）、利用作者情感态度来解题
第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用，因此，我们有时候可以根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性来排除干扰做出正确的选择。
【示例】When I came back, Judy smiled at me. Ms Jenkins called her name and Judy 41 followed her. She was still calm and smiling when she came out.
When Ms Jenkins told us who were chosen to join the choir group, I wasn’t 42 when Judy’s name was on her list and mine wasn’t, but I was disappointed.
41．A．strangely B．carefully C．calmly D．seriously
42．A．excited B．surprised C．moved D．pleased
【答案】 41．C 42．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者和好朋友Judy之间的故事。作者从小和Judy一起，Judy几乎什么都比她优秀。在一次合唱表演中，作者被选为独唱，她非常紧张，但在Judy的帮助下，作者最终克服了胆怯、完成了表演。
41．句意：Jenkins小姐叫了她的名字，Judy平静地跟着她。
strangely奇怪地；carefully仔细地；calmly平静地；seriously严肃地。根据“She was still
calm and smiling when she came out.”可知Judy很平静。故选C。
42．句意：当知道Judy的名字在名单上，而我的不在的时候，我一点也不失望。
excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的；moved感动的；pleased满意的。根据“when Judy’s name
was on her list and mine wasn’t, but I was disappointed.”以及上文“Judy and I had been classmates since primary school. She was always better than I.”可知作者认为Judy很优秀，这完全是意料之中的事，不会感到惊讶。故选B。
（八）、依据常识，确定答案
完形填空的文章内容往往与文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识。知识范围越广，越有利于文章的理解。因而答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断，最终确定答案。
【示例】Later, she 64 plenty of bags and went back to the park with her mom. Juliet put up her picture on a big trash can(垃圾桶). “Will you help me 65 trash, mom ” Juliet said as she handed her mom a bag. “I surely will.” replied her mom with a big smile.
65．A．set up B．pick up C．put up D．take up
【答案】 65．B
【导语】本文讲述了Juliet和妈妈在公园玩时，发现公园到处都是垃圾，于是回家画了一幅画，并将它贴在垃圾桶上，呼吁大家一起保护环境的故事。
【解析】．句意：妈妈，你能帮我捡垃圾吗？set up建立；pick up捡起；put up举起；take up占据。根据“Will you help me...trash, mom ”和常识可知，请妈妈帮忙捡垃圾，故选B。
【典题举隅】
（2024·江苏泰州·三模）
As the saying goes, “It takes a village to raise a child.”
One in Newton, Massachusetts 1 certainly takes that to heart.
One summer, Glenda and Raphael Savitz 2 their new home in Newton and had their daughter Samantha soon. 3 , Samantha was born deaf (聋的). That didn’t stop Samantha growing into a(n) 4 girl. When she was out, she tried to communicate with her neighbours. However, they 5 understand her because they knew little sign language (手语). It made them very 6 .
Instead of giving up, the 7 decided to learn sign language together. They found a sign language teacher and took 8 in Lucia’s living room. Lucia has lived in Newton for over 20 years.
She 9 the power of the community. “Samantha is bringing a 10 for us to get together,” she said.
It was not easy for the neighbors to learn sign language, but they 11 the process (过程). Before long, they could communicate with the little girl 12 . Both Samantha and her parents were very happy. “We’re seeing 13 in Samantha. We’re just so thankful that we live here with these wonderful people,” said Samantha’s mother. “I can’t think of a 14 place for my daughter.”
What is more, they are not the only ones who say they are thankful. “Samantha is doing 15 for us,” said some neighbors. “She has made our community closer.”
A．country B．community C．company D．school
A．moved into B．worked out C．found out D．put up
A．Finally B．Suddenly C．Unluckily D．Certainly
A．shy B．generous C．active D．honest
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t
A．strange B．happy C．upset (忐忑不安) D．angry
A．children B．family C．teachers D．neighbours
A．parties B．classes C．trips D．notes
A．believes in B．worries about C．forgets about D．misses out
A．reason B．result C．course D．secret
A．hated B．enjoyed C．invited D．lost
A．hardly B．loudly C．freely D．safely
A．conditions B．changes C．environment D．problems
A．worse B．farther C．better D．larger
A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．C 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．C 15．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了整个社区的人为了能和一个失聪的女孩沟通，他们集体学习手语的暖心故事。
1．句意：马萨诸塞州牛顿市的一个社区当然把这一点放在心上。
country国；community社区；company公司；school学校。根据“One in Newton, Massachusetts…certainly takes that to heart.”可知，这里是指社区。故选B。
2．句意：一年夏天，格伦达和拉斐尔·萨维兹搬进了他们在牛顿的新家，很快就有了女儿萨曼莎。
moved into移动到；worked out解决了；found out发现；put up搭起。根据“their new home in Newton”可知，这里是搬进了他们在牛顿的新家。故选A。
3．句意：不幸的是，萨曼莎天生失聪。
Finally最后；Suddenly突然；Unluckily不幸的是；Certainly当然。根据“Samantha was born deaf (聋的).”可知，这里是不幸的。故选C。
4．句意：这并没有阻止萨曼莎成长为一个活跃的女孩。
shy害羞的；generous慷慨的；active积极的；honest诚实的。根据“When she was out, she tried to communicate with her neighbours.”可知，萨曼莎是一个活跃的女孩。故选C。
5．句意：然而，他们听不懂她的话，因为他们几乎不懂手语。
shouldn’t不应该；needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能。根据“understand her because they knew little sign language (手语).”可知，这里是他们听不懂她的话，因为他们几乎不懂手语。故选D。
6．句意：这让他们非常沮丧。
strange奇怪的；happy快乐的；upset沮丧的；angry发怒的。根据“because they knew little sign language (手语).”可知，这里是他们非常沮丧。故选C。
7．句意：邻居们没有放弃，而是决定一起学习手语。
children儿童；family家庭；teachers教师；neighbours邻居。根据“she tried to communicate with her neighbours.”可知，这里是邻居们没有放弃。故选D。
8．句意：他们找到了一位手语老师，在露西娅的客厅里上课。露西娅在牛顿住了20多年。
parties聚会；classes课；trips旅行；notes注释。根据“They found a sign language teacher”可知，这里是上手语课。故选B。
9．句意：她相信社区的力量。
believes in相信；worries about担心；forgets about忘记；misses out错过。根据“the power of the community.”可知，这里是她相信社区的力量。故选A。
10．句意：Samantha给我们带来了聚在一起的理由。
reason原因；result结果；course课程；secret秘密。根据“Samantha is bringing a…for us to get together”可知，这里是带来了聚在一起的理由。故选A。
11．句意：邻居们学习手语并不容易，但他们很享受这个过程。
hated讨厌；enjoyed喜欢；invited邀请；lost失去。根据“but they…the process (过程).”可知，这里是他们很享受这个过程。故选B。
12．句意：不久，他们就可以自由地和小女孩交流了。
hardly几乎不；loudly大声地；freely自由地；safely安全地。根据“they could communicate with the little girl….”可知，这里是他们学完手语就可以自由地和小女孩交流了。故选C。
133．句意：我们看到萨曼莎的变化。
conditions条件；changes改变；environment环境；problems问题。根据“We’re seeing…in Samantha.”可知，这里指萨曼莎的变化。故选B。
134．句意：我想不出比这更好的地方了。
worse更糟的；farther更远的；better较好的；larger更大的。根据“I can’t think of a…place for my daughter.”可知，这里指比这更好的地方了。故选C。
135．句意：Samantha正在为我们做一些事情。
anything任何东西；everything每件事；nothing没有什么；something某物。根据“Samantha is doing…for us”可知是为我们做些事情，这里是肯定句，用something。故选D。
Passage 1
（2024·江苏徐州·三模）阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
How far would you go to help a friend Jeremy and Ian had their 1 tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents.
On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves 2 their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.
3 , trouble began when they started the climb down. On a very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three meters off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him 4 injured and not able to move. Jeremy had to decide 5 to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and tried to help Ian 6 , but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come.
Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very 7 that the boys had not returned. They 8 park workers and began searching for the boys. Soon more than 20 people were looking for them. While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. As the evening grew darker and the temperature 9 .
Ian told Jeremy to go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too 10 for Ian to be alone on such a cold, windy night. Jeremy used his jacket to keep Ian 11 and they rested together through the night.
12 , Jeremy decided to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the 13 . Sometimes Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Sometimes he carried him in his arms. Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they 14 their parents who were happy to see them, “I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian afterwards. “He saved my life. That is the 15 thing that a person can do for his friend.”
1．A．action B．talent C．friendship D．wisdom
2．A．while B．before C．after D．until
3．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Although D．However
4．A．simply B．badly C．wisely D．deeply
5．A．how B．what C．when D．where
6．A．stand up B．make up C．give up D．look up
7．A．bored B．excited C．worried D．interested
8．A．got on with B．paid attention to C．got in touch with D．cut in on
9．A．dropped B．increased C．changed D．doubled
10．A．comfortable B．suitable C．dangerous D．attractive
11．A．dry B．warm C．safe D．cool
12．A．At noon B．At midnight C．At sunset D．At sunrise
13．A．home B．mountain C．campsite D．school
14．A．talked with B．came across C．pointed at D．worried about
15．A．greatest B．latest C．simplest D．deepest
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文讲述了Jeremy在一次登山事故中不顾危险，坚持陪伴并救助受伤的朋友Ian，最终成功脱困的故事，展现了他们深厚的友谊。
1．句意：Jeremy和Ian在最近与父母一起去落基山脉的旅行中，他们的友谊受到了极大的考验。
action行动；talent天赋；friendship友谊；wisdom智慧。根据“How far would you go to help a friend ”可知，此处是他们的友谊受到考验。故选C。
2．句意：周六早上，当他们的父母在营地休息时，两个男孩决定独自攀登大教堂山。
while当……时；before在……之前；after在……之后；until直到。根据“the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves…their parents relaxed at the campsite.”可知，空处表示“当……时”。故选A。
3．句意：然而，当他们开始下山时，麻烦开始了。
Besides除此之外；Therefore因此；Although尽管；However然而。根据“trouble began when they started the climb down.”可知，此处句意发生转折，应用however。故选D。
4．句意：Jeremy爬到Ian的位置，发现他受了重伤，无法移动。
simply简单地；badly严重地；wisely明智地；deeply深深地。根据“Ian fell three meters off the side of the path”可知，Ian伤得很重。故选B。
5．句意：Jeremy必须决定该做什么。
how怎样；what什么；when何时；where哪里。根据“Jeremy had to decide…to do.”可知，此处是说Jeremy必须决定做什么。故选B。
6．句意：他清理了Ian脸上和手上的泥土和血迹，并试图帮助Ian站起来，但Ian的右腿伤得太重了。
stand up站起来；make up化妆；give up放弃；look up抬头看。根据“but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much.”可知，是要帮助Ian站起来。故选A。
7．句意：与此同时，随着夜幕降临，他们在营地的父母非常担心，因为孩子们还没有回来。
bored无聊的；excited兴奋的；worried担心的；interested感兴趣的。根据“the boys had not returned”可知，他们的父母很担心。故选C。
8．句意：他们联系了公园工作人员，并开始寻找孩子们。
got on with相处；paid attention to注意；got in touch with联系；cut in on打断。根据“They…park workers and began searching for the boys.”可知，是联系公园的工作人员让他们找孩子。故选C。
9．句意：随着夜色越来越暗，气温下降。
dropped下降；increased增加；changed改变；doubled翻倍。根据“As the evening grew darker”结合常识可知，天越来越黑气温会下降。故选A。
10．句意：他认为Ian在这样一个寒冷、刮风的夜晚独自一人太危险了。
comfortable舒适的；suitable合适的；dangerous危险的；attractive吸引人的。根据“for Ian to be alone on such a cold, windy night.”结合前文可知，Ian受伤了，因此他在这样一个寒冷、刮风的夜晚独自一人是很危险的。故选C。
11．句意：Jeremy用他的夹克给Ian保暖，他们一起度过了整个夜晚。
dry干燥的；warm温暖的；safe安全的；cool凉爽的。根据“Jeremy used his jacket to keep Ian”可知，Jeremy是用夹克给Ian保暖。故选B。
12．句意：日出时，Jeremy决定把他背下山。
At noon在中午；At midnight在午夜；At sunset日落时；At sunrise日出时。根据“they rested together through the night.”可知，是日出时，决定下山。故选D。
13．句意：于是，他们开始长途跋涉回到营地。
home家；mountain山；campsite营地；school学校。根据“the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves…their parents relaxed at the campsite.”可知，他们是开始回营地。故选C。
14．句意：终于，在四个漫长而疲惫的小时后，他们遇到了他们的父母，父母很高兴见到他们。
talked with谈论；came across遇到；pointed at指向；worried about担心。根据“they…their parents who were happy to see them”可知，是遇到了他们的父母。故选B。
15．句意：那是一个人能为朋友做的最伟大的事情。
greatest伟大的；latest最新的；simplest最简单的；deepest最深的。根据“He saved my life.”可知，此处表示那是一个人能为朋友做的最伟大的事情。故选A。
Passage 2
（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Five teenage boys from Caldwell, Idaho had been in the car on their way to the gym to play basketball when they saw an elderly man fall to the ground.
Isaac Hernandez, who had been behind the wheel at the time, said that when he saw the man 16 the sidewalk, he immediately pulled over 17 he and his friends could go and check on the senior.
Upon helping him back to his feet and asking if he was okay, the teens 18 on helping him back to his house. After they had successfully escorted (护送) him inside, the young men 19 his wounds with some napkins and alcohol.
Though the teens did not 20 it at the time, their good deed had been photographed on camera by Erika Tovar.
She had also been driving past the elderly man when she saw him fall in the rearview (后视) mirror. After she had turned her car around to check on him, 21 , she saw that the boys were already rushing to his side—so she took some 22 and posted them on Facebook, 23 the boys for their kindness.
Since the photos have been 24 hundreds of times, local Caldwell businesses have showered the boys with presents as a thank you for their kindness. But the boys said they were just trying to do the 25 thing.
“We didn’t do it for the 26 . We just did it out of the kindness of our hearts,” Hernandez told KTVB．“I think it makes us all feel 27 because we are out here helping other people…and we don’t expect anything 28 .”
However, the boys say that they have now developed a(n) 29 with the man they helped. In the weeks following their first meeting, the boys have been visiting the senior at his apartment regularly—and they 30 to visit much more in the future.
16．A．leave B．hit C．reach D．touch
17．A．or B．but C．so D．because
18．A．insisted B．focused C．worked D．tried
19．A．checked B．touched C．covered D．cleaned
20．A．discuss B．expect C．know D．say
21．A．instead B．however C．besides D．moreover
22．A．rest B．advice C．actions D．photos
23．A．reporting B．rewarding C．encouraging D．praising
24．A．shared B．printed C．discovered D．advertised
25．A．common B．right C．great D．special
26．A．attention B．man C．duty D．interest
27．A．nervous B．grateful C．strange D．good
28．A．in turn B．in advance C．in return D．in exchange
29．A．agreement B．friendship C．idea D．habit
30．A．wait B．manage C．refuse D．plan
【答案】
16．B 17．C 18．A 19．D 20．C 21．B 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．D 28．C 29．B 30．D
【导语】本文主要讲述一位老人在路上摔倒了，路过的五个男孩将他扶了起来，并送他回家，帮他清洗伤口，他们所做的这一切被另一个打算帮忙的路人拍了下来传到网上，获得了很多关注。
16．句意：当时开车的Isaac Hernandez说，当他看到这名男子撞上人行道时，他立即靠边停车，这样他和他的朋友们就可以去看看这位老人了。
leave离开；hit撞击；reach到达；touch触摸。根据上文“they saw an elderly man fall to the ground”可知，老人倒在地上，应是身体撞上人行道，B项符合。故选B。
17．句意：当时开车的Isaac Hernandez说，当他看到这名男子撞上人行道时，他立即靠边停车，这样他和他的朋友们就可以去看看这位老人了。
or或者；but但是；so因此，以便；because因为。根据“he immediately pulled over…he and his friends could go and check on the senior”的语境可知，此处指他立即靠边停车，这样他和他的朋友们就可以去看看这位老人，so符合。故选C。
18．句意：在帮助他站起来并询问他是否没事后，这些青少年们坚持要帮助他回家。
insisted坚持；focused集中；worked工作；tried尝试。根据下文“After they had successfully escorted (护送) him inside”可知，这些青少年们坚持要送他回家，insist on“坚持”，是固定词组。故选A。
19．句意：在成功护送他进去后，这些年轻人用纸巾和酒精清洗了他的伤口。
checked检查；touched触摸；covered覆盖；cleaned清洗。根据空后的“with some napkins and alcohol”并结合选项可知，此处应是指用这两种物品清洗伤口。故选D。
20．句意：虽然这些青少年当时并不知道，但他们的善举已经被Erika Tovar用相机拍了下来。
discuss讨论；expect期待；know知道；say说。根据上文这些青少年忙着救老人并结合选项可知，他们并不知道他们的救人行为被其他人拍了下来，C项符合。故选C。
21．句意：然而，在她调转车头后去查看他的情况，她看到男孩们已经冲到他身边了，于是她拍了一些照片并发布在脸书上，赞扬了男孩们的善良。
instead代替；however然而；besides此外；moreover而且。根据空前“After she had turned her car around to check on him”和空后“she saw that the boys were already rushing to his side”的语境可知，此处句意发生了转折，however符合。故选B。
22．句意：然而，在她调转车头后去查看他的情况，她看到男孩们已经冲到他身边了，于是她拍了一些照片并发布在脸书上，赞扬了男孩们的善良。
rest休息；advice建议；actions行动；photos照片。根据上文“their good deed had been photographed on camera by Erika Tovar.”可知，Erika Tovar给他们拍照了。故选D。
23．句意：然而，在她调转车头后去查看他的情况，她看到男孩们已经冲到他身边了，于是她拍了一些照片并发布在脸书上，赞扬了男孩们的善良。
reporting报道；rewarding奖赏；encouraging鼓励；praising赞扬。根据上文男孩们救老人以及空后的“for their kindness”可知，男孩们做了好事，Erika Tovar应是赞扬他们。故选D。
24．句意：自从这些照片被分享了数百次以来，考德威尔当地的商家纷纷向这些男孩们赠送礼物，以感谢他们的善意。
shared分享；printed打印；discovered发现；advertised做广告。根据上文“so she took some…and posted them on Facebook”可知，照片发布在脸书上，所以此处应是指照片被分享了数百次。故选A。
25．句意：但男孩们说他们只是想做正确的事。
common普通的；right正确的；great大的；special特殊的。根据“We just did it out of the kindness of our hearts”并结合选项可知，这些男孩们只是发自内心地做好事，而不是求回报或关注，所以此处指他们只是想做正确的事。故选B。
26．句意：我们这样做不是为了引起注意。
attention关注；man人；duty责任；interest兴趣。根据“Since the photos have been…hundreds of times”可知，照片被分享了数百次，引起了人们的关注，所以此处应是指他们这么做不是为了引起注意。故选A。
27．句意：我认为这让我们都感觉很好，因为我们在这里帮助别人……我们不期望任何回报。
nervous焦虑的；grateful感激的；strange奇怪的；good好的。根据“we are out here helping other people”并结合选项可知，帮助别人应是会让自己感觉很好。故选D。
28．句意：我认为这让我们都感觉很好，因为我们在这里帮助别人……我们不期望任何回报。
in turn轮流；in advance提前；in return作为回报；in exchange交换。根据“We just did it out of the kindness of our hearts”并结合选项可知，这些男孩们只是发自内心地做好事，而不是求回报或关注，C项符合。故选C。
29．句意：然而，男孩们说，他们现在已经和他们帮助过的那个人建立了友谊。
agreement协议；friendship友谊； idea主意；habit习惯。根据“In the weeks following their first meeting, the boys have been visiting the senior at his apartment regularly”以及“visit much more in the future”可知，男孩们一直在定期拜访这位老人，并且将来会更多地拜访他，应是他们之间建立了友谊。故选B。
30．句意：在第一次见面后的几周里，男孩们一直在定期拜访这位老人的公寓，他们计划在未来会更多地拜访这位老人。
wait等待；manage管理；refuse拒绝；plan计划。根据“in the future”可知，此处指他们的未来计划。故选D。
Passage 3
（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）In a big country, a man was living along with his family. The man had a large amount of wealth. One day he took his son on a trip to the country. The dad’s only 31 was to show his son how poor people live, so the son could 32 his good fortune (命运).
During their journey, they reached a small village. There, they spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of what would be considered a very 33 family.
On their 34 from their trip, Dad asked his son, “How was the trip, my son ”
The son replied with excitement, “It was a 35 trip, Dad.”
The rich dad asked, “Did you see how the poor people live The purpose of the journey was to make you 36 how lucky you are having born in such a wealthy family.”
“Oh yeah,” said the son and smiled towards his father.
The father asked, “So, my dear son, tell me, what did you learn from the trip ”
The wise son answered, “Dad, I 37 a lot of things on poor people living. I saw that we have one dog and they had three. We have a swimming pool that reaches to the middle of our garden and they have a river that has no 38 . We have imported designer lanterns in our garden and they have the stars at night. Our patio (露台) reaches to the front yard and they have the whole horizon (地平线).”
The father got a bit confused (困惑) with his son’s answers.
The son 39 , “We have a small piece of land to live on and they have fields which go 40 our sight. We have servants who serve us, but they serve others.”
The wise son’s learning did not end yet. The son went on 41 his trip experiences, “We buy our food, but they grow theirs. We have 42 around our house to protect us, but they have friends to protect them. We spend our free time with televisions and mobiles, but they spend their free time with family and relatives.”
The son summed up his experience on the trip to the village, “Thank Dad for showing me how 43 we are...!”
The wise son’s words left the rich dad 44 .
Money can buy clothes, or cars, or big houses or many other things which make your life 45 . But there are a few things that money cannot buy. What makes your life rich is love, kindness, compassion, friendships...
31．A．project B．programme C．purpose D．product
32．A．develop B．treasure C．create D．display
33．A．poor B．wealthy C．rich D．exciting
34．A．direction B．interview C．distance D．return
35．A．great B．challenging C．strange D．boring
36．A．remember B．imagine C．understand D．decide
37．A．buy B．notice C．make D．receive
38．A．end B．size C．shape D．height
39．A．wondered B．complained C．doubted D．continued
40．A．against B．through C．beyond D．beside
41．A．explaining B．expressing C．organizing D．ordering
42．A．dogs B．trees C．lanterns D．walls
43．A．happy B．rich C．poor D．great
44．A．hopeless B．speechless C．sleepless D．homeless
45．A．comfortable B．simple C．busy D．special
【答案】
31．C 32．B 33．A 34．D 35．A 36．C 37．B 38．A 39．D 40．C 41．A 42．D 43．C 44．B 45．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了一个富人带儿子去贫困的村庄旅行的故事。富人本想让儿子明白他能生在这么富裕的家庭很幸运，可是儿子看到却是金钱买不到的东西。
31．句意：爸爸的唯一目的是让他的儿子看看穷人是如何生活的，这样他的儿子就可以珍惜他的好运了。
project项目；programme节目；purpose目的；product产品。根据下文“The purpose of the journey was to make you...”可知，此处指爸爸的目的。故选C。
32．句意：爸爸的唯一目的是让他的儿子看看穷人是如何生活的，这样他的儿子就可以珍惜他的好运了。
develop发展；treasure珍惜；create创造；display显示。根据空后的“his good fortune (命运)”可知，此处表示珍惜他的好运。故选B。
33．句意：在那里，他们在一个被认为非常贫困的家庭的农场里度过了几天几夜。
poor贫困的；wealthy富裕的；rich富有的；exciting令人激动的。根据上文“to show his son how poor people live”可推知，此处表示一个被认为非常贫困的家庭。故选A。
34．句意：在返程途中，爸爸问他的儿子。
direction方向；interview采访；distance距离；return返回。根据“from their trip”可知，此处指返程。故选D。
35．句意：这是一次很棒的旅行，爸爸。
great棒的；challenging具有挑战性的；strange陌生的；boring无聊的。根据“The son replied with excitement”可知，儿子觉得这次旅行很棒。故选A。
36．句意：这次旅行的目的是让你明白你出生在这样一个富裕的家庭是多么幸运。
remember记得；imagine想象；understand明白；decide决定。根据“how lucky you are having born in such a wealthy family”可知，此处表示爸爸想让儿子明白出生在这样一个富裕的家庭是很幸运的。故选C。
37．句意：爸爸，我注意到很多关于穷人生活的事情。
buy买；notice注意到；make制作；receive收到。根据“a lot of things on poor people living”可知，此处表示注意到很多关于穷人生活的事情。故选B。
38．句意：我们有一个延伸到花园中央的游泳池，而他们有一条没有尽头的河流。
end尽头；size尺寸；shape形状；height高度。根据“a river that has no...”可知，此处指没有尽头的河流。故选A。
39．句意：儿子继续说。
wondered想知道；complained抱怨；doubted怀疑；continued继续。根据下文“We have a small piece of land to live on and they have fields which go...our sight. We have servants who serve us, but they serve others.”可知，此处表示儿子继续说。故选D。
40．句意：我们居住在一小块土地上，而他们的田地超出了我们的视线。
against反对；through通过；beyond超过；beside在旁边。根据“our sight”可知，此处表示超出了我们的视线。故选C。
41．句意：儿子继续解释他的旅行经历。
explaining解释；expressing表达；organizing组织；ordering命令。根据“his trip experiences”和下文“We buy our food, but they grow theirs.”可知，此处表示解释他的旅行经历。故选A。
42．句意：我们的房子周围有墙保护我们，但他们有朋友保护他们。
dogs狗；trees树；lanterns灯笼；walls墙。根据“around our house”可知，围绕在房子四周的是墙壁。故选D。
43．句意：谢谢爸爸让我知道我们有多穷……！
happy高兴的；rich富有的；poor贫穷的；great棒的。根据上文“I saw that we have one dog and they had three. We have a swimming pool that reaches to the middle of our garden and they have a river...We have imported designer lanterns in our garden and they have the stars at night. Our patio (露台) reaches to the front yard and they have the whole horizon (地平线).”可知，儿子认为穷人的东西比自己的要好，所以他觉得自己很穷。故选C。
44．句意：聪明儿子的话让富爸爸无言以对。
hopeless绝望的；speechless说不出话的；sleepless失眠的；homeless无家可归的。结合选项和“The wise son’s words left the rich dad...”可知，此处指儿子的话让他的爸爸无言以对，即让他说不出话来。故选B。
45．句意：钱可以买衣服、汽车、大房子或许多其他让你生活舒适的东西。
comfortable舒适的；simple简单的；busy忙碌的；special特殊的。根据“clothes, or cars, or big houses”可知，衣服、汽车、大房子可以让生活更舒适。故选A。
Passage 4
（2024·江苏连云港·二模）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Will, a 16-year-old boy from New York, started a charity activity to fight against food waste in 2022.
Will saw many people on the subway 46 food every day. He felt sorry that he was unable to help them, 47 he didn’t have much money as a student. At the same time, he 48 that a lot of good food was thrown away in school dining hall. To solve the problem of food waste, Will decided to do 49 . He invited some classmates to join him. But they didn’t know where and how to start.
50 , they got an idea from their history teacher. The teacher 51 them to work with community fridges. There food such as bread, milk and fruit is provided for people in need. So Will and his classmates offered the spare 52 in the school dining hall to the Loisaida Community Fridge. So far, they have donated 3,000 pounds of food to people across the city from 53 school.
“Many families are too poor to 54 basic food, so I want to help them. I hope students in other schools can do the same thing 55 us. There are over 1,700 public schools in New York. If every public school has such an 56 , they will be able to give away over a million pounds of food each year,” said Will.
Will is 57 that they can give a helping hand to people in need. With their help, more people can get 58 they need from the community fridges. 59 , people can get close to each other when they visit these fridges. “People who have a lot are giving to those who don’t. It’s really 60 . I think it’s helpful in building a wonderful society.” added Will.
46．A．take up B．ask for C．go through D．look after
47．A．so B．but C．because D．and
48．A．laughed B．showed C．picked D．noticed
49．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
50．A．Politely B．Luckily C．Angrily D．Sadly
51．A．trained B．warned C．advised D．caused
52．A．time B．money C．space D．food
53．A．his B．her C．its D．their
54．A．afford B．take C．carry D．give
55．A．for B．as C．from D．above
56．A．introduction B．instruction C．activity D．award
57．A．proud B．sorry C．amazed D．worried
58．A．how B．where C．what D．when
59．A．However B．Moreover C．Anyway D．Otherwise
60．A．meaningful B．similar C．humorous D．possible
【答案】
46．B 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．D 53．D 54．A 55．B 56．C 57．A 58．C 59．B 60．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了Will和同学们将学校吃不完的食物捐赠给社区冰箱，来帮助买不起食物的人们。
46．句意：Will看见地铁上许多人每天乞讨食物。
take up占据；ask for要求；go through经过；look after照顾。根据后文“He felt sorry that he was unable to help them”可知，地铁上有人乞讨食物。故选B。
47．句意：他为不能帮助他们感到抱歉，因为作为一名学生他没有很多钱。
so因此；but但是；because因为；and和。分析句子可知，前后存在因果关系，前果后因。故选C。
48．句意：同时，他注意到学校的食堂会扔掉许多食物。
laughed大笑；showed展示；picked捡起；noticed注意到。根据“that a lot of good food was thrown away in school dining hall”可知，此处应该是Will注意到的现象。故选D。
49．句意：为了解决食物浪费问题，Will决定做些事情。
something某事；anything任何事；everything每件事；nothing没有什么。根据“He invited some classmates to join him.”可知，Will决定做些事情。故选A。
50．句意：幸运的是，他们从历史老师那里得到一个想法。
Politely礼貌地；Luckily幸运地；Angrily生气地；Sadly悲伤地。根据上文“But they didn’t know where and how to start.”可知，此处从历史老师那里得到想法是幸运的。故选B。
51．句意：老师建议他们和社区冰箱一起合作。
trained训练；warned警告；advised建议；caused导致。根据“them to work with community fridges”可知这里应该是老师给出的建议。故选C。
52．句意：因此Will和他的同学们提供学校食堂闲置的食物给Loisaida社区冰箱。
time时间；money钱；space空间；food食物。根据下文“So far, they have donated 3,000 pounds of food to people ”可知，是提供食物给社区冰箱。故选D。
53．句意：到目前为止，他们已经从他们学校给城市各地的人们捐赠了3000英镑的食物。
his他的；her她的；its它的；their他们的。此句的主语是they，所以此处是说他们的学校。故选D。
54．句意：许多家庭太穷了买不起基本的食物，因此我想帮助他们。
afford承担；take花费；carry携带；give给。此处是说有的家庭太穷了负担不起食物。故选A。
55．句意：我希望其他学校的学生可以和我们做同样的事情。
for为了；as像……一样；from来自于；above以上。the same as和……一样。故选B。
56．句意：如果每所公立学校都能有这样的活动，他们每年可以送出超过100万英镑的食物。
introduction介绍；instruction指示；activity活动；award奖项。根据“So far, they have donated 3,000 pounds of food to people across the city”可知这是一项捐赠食物的活动。故选C。
57．句意：Will很骄傲他们能够给有需要的人提供帮助。
proud骄傲的；sorry抱歉的；amazed惊讶的；worried担忧的。根据“that they can give a helping hand to people in need”可知，帮助别人是很骄傲的事情。故选A。
58．句意：在他们的帮助下，更多人可以从社区冰箱得到他们需要的东西。
how如何；where哪里；what什么；when什么时候。此处是宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，用what引导。故选C。
59．句意：而且，当他们去访问冰箱时，他们变得更亲近彼此。
However然而；Moreover而且；Anyway无论如何；Otherwise否则。根据“people can get close to each other when they visit these fridges”可知，此处是进一步列举这项活动的另一好处。故选B。
60．句意：这真的很有意义。
meaningful有意义的；similar相似的；humorous幽默的；possible可能的。根据“People who have a lot are giving to those who don’t.”可知，帮助别人是一件有意义的事情。故选A。
Passage 5
（2024·江苏南通·二模）One of my earliest memories is playing “shops” with my granddad when I was 5 years old. After 61 school at 15, I worked in a fruit shop, but I had no 62 of how to run my own shop back then.
Several years later, I got married. My husband Eric and I heard about a shop for sale in the nearby village. We had a look and decided to have a shop of our own. That was January 1973. Shopkeeping was 63 to us, so we often didn’t know what the 64 were asking for. But we soon learned.
We can tell by the weather how 65 the shop is going to be. On wet days there are very few people around, and when it’s 66 people want bread and milk, as they’re worried about being snowed in. When it’s hot, everyone buys cold drinks and ice cream.
More people shop online nowadays, but they still come here for things 67 from their order. I’ve kept up with technology and have a card reader, but the shop itself hasn’t changed much.
Now, as I’m getting older, it’s open from 7 a. m. to 6 p. m. on weekdays 68 closing at 8: 30 p. m. However, I keep it open until 2 p. m. at weekends.
Eric passed away 16 years ago, but I am 69 getting rid of (处理掉) the shop. I love it all—talking to the customers and getting 70 they want. There are customers who come in two or three times a day, and we see several generations of families. Customers often tell me their 71 and I offer advice if I can.
It was the 50th anniversary (周年纪念) of the shop on January 13 this year. I wanted to do something 72 , so I held a party and had drinks and nibbles with customers. I also 73 a book about my memories in the shop. It’s called Just Ask Jenny, as I’m always the first port of call when anyone wants to know 74 .
This shop has been my life. I never 75 I’d still be here after 50 years, but I love it and the people. It’s what keeps me going, and I’ve got no plan of retiring (退休).
61．A．attending B．leaving C．visiting D．changing
62．A．choice B．time C．decision D．idea
63．A．good B．new C．experienced D．disappointed
64．A．market B．sellers C．users D．customers
65．A．common B．expensive C．cold D．busy
66．A．snowy B．rainy C．windy D．sunny
67．A．appearing B．coming C．missing D．producing
68．A．as a result of B．because of C．in fear of D．instead of
69．A．always B．never C．seldom D．often
70．A．what B．how C．that D．which
71．A．suggestions B．questions C．problems D．surprises
72．A．traditional B．historical C．changeable D．special
73．A．read B．wrote C．borrowed D．learned
74．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．nobody
75．A．imagined B．hoped C．felt D．worked
【答案】
61．B 62．D 63．B 64．D 65．D 66．A 67．C 68．D 69．B 70．A 71．C 72．D 73．B 74．A 75．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者开店的经历。
61．句意：15岁离开学校后，我在一家水果店工作，但当时我不知道如何经营自己的店。
attending参加；leaving离开；visiting参观；changing改变。根据“I worked in a fruit shop”可知，作者不再上学，开始工作了，因此是离开学校。故选B。
62．句意：15岁离开学校后，我在一家水果店工作，但当时我不知道如何经营自己的店。
choice选择；time时间；decision决定；idea主意。根据“but”可知，此处是指尽管作者在水果店工作，但不知道如何经营自己的店，have no idea“不知道”，故选D。
63．句意：开店对我们来说是新鲜事物，所以我们经常不知道顾客在问什么。
good好的；new新的；experienced有经验的；disappointed失望的。根据下文“But we soon learned.”可知，此处是指作者开店是新手，没有经验。故选B。
64．句意：开店对我们来说是新鲜事物，所以我们经常不知道顾客在问什么。
market市场；sellers卖方；users使用者；customers顾客。根据语境和下文“Customers often tell me”可知，此处是指作者不知道顾客想要什么。故选D。
65．句意：我们可以通过天气来判断商店的繁忙程度。
common常见的；expensive昂贵的；cold冷的；busy忙碌的。根据下文“On wet days there are very few people around”和“When it’s hot, everyone buys cold drinks and ice cream.”可知，此处指通过天气来判断商店的繁忙程度，故选D。
66．句意：在下雨天，周围的人很少，当下雪的时候，人们想要面包和牛奶，因为他们担心被大雪困住。
snowy下雪的；rainy下雨的；windy多风的；sunny晴朗的。根据“as they’re worried about being snowed in”可知，是指下雪天，故选A。
67．句意：现在越来越多的人在网上购物，但他们仍然会来这里购买订单中缺失的东西。
appearing出现；coming来；missing错过，缺少；producing生产。根据“from their order”可知，人们仍然到商店里来购买他们购物单上缺少的东西。故选C。
68．句意：现在，随着我年龄的增长，在工作日从早上7点开到下午6点，而不是晚上8点半关门。
as a result of由于；because of因为；in fear of担心；instead of而不是。根据“it’s open from 7 a. m. to 6 p. m. on weekdays...closing at 8: 30 p. m.”可知，此处是指现在关门时间是下午6点，而不是之前的晚上8点半。故选D。
69．句意：埃里克16年前就去世了，但我永远也不会把这家店卖掉。
always总是；never绝不会；seldom很少；often经常。根据“I love it all”及后文可知，作者一直继续开着这个店，因此不会放弃这个店。故选B。
70．句意：我喜欢它的一切——通过与顾客交谈，给他们想要的东西。
what什么；how如何；that那个；which哪一个。根据“getting...they want”可知，此处是指给顾客得到他们想买的物品，考查宾语从句，应用what引导从句，同时what在从句作宾语。故选A。
71．句意：顾客经常告诉我他们的问题，如果可以的话，我也会提供建议。
suggestions建议；questions问题；problems问题；puzzles迷惑。根据“I offer advice if I can”可知，这里是指顾客的棘手问题，这些问题是需要解决的，应用problems。故选C。
72．句意：我想做一些特别的事情，所以我举办了一个聚会，和顾客一起喝饮料吃零食。
traditional传统的；historical历史的；changeable可变的；special特殊的。根据下文“so I held a party and had drinks and nibbles with customers.”可知，此处是指作者想做点特别的事情来庆祝开店50周年，其他选项不符合句意。故选D。
73．句意：我还写了一本关于我在店里的回忆的书。
read阅读；wrote写；borrowed借；learned学习。根据“a book about my memories in the shop”可知，作者还写了本书，故选B。
74．句意：这本书叫Just Ask Jenny，因为任何人想知道任何事，我总是第一个被想到的人。
anything任何事；everything一切；nothing没有什么；no thing没有东西。根据“anyone wants to know”可知，是指任何人想要知道任何事，作者都是第一个被想到的人，故选A。
75．句意：我从没想过50年后我还会在这里，但我喜欢这里和这里的人。
imagined想象；hoped希望；felt感到；worked工作。结合语境可知，作者最初不懂经营小店，慢慢学习经营之道；即使丈夫去世，也未想过放弃，也从未想象过50年后还生活在这里，未来作者还会继续在这里开店，因为作者喜欢这里，喜欢这里的人。故选A。
Passage 6
（2024·江苏淮安·二模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
My grandfather often said “I won’t” to show his dislike of being dishonest. When he was young, he worked 76 a furniture maker. One day, a neighbor invited him to make some furniture. When arriving, he noticed the wood provided was a little 77 , so he said, “I won’t start right away.” He chose to let the wood dry for a month. He knew working with wet wood could cause 78 later on.
Around the same time, another furniture maker was also asked for a 79 job by a different family. Unlike my grandfather, he 80 working right away. 81 , the neighbor started doubting my grandfather, thinking he was trying to make more money by putting off the work. However, my grandfather waited 82 . He wanted the best quality for the furniture he was making.
A month later, the other furniture maker received his 83 and went back home. My grandfather began to 84 strong and beautiful furniture when the wood was completely dry. A few months passed and the furniture made by that maker began to break. The neighbor then regretted (后悔) 85 my grandfather and said sorry to him. People came to understand his 86 and skill, spreading his fame far and wide.
Influenced by my grandfather, my father also follows the 87 of “I won’t”. He always provides the freshest food, which makes his restaurant very 88 in town. Once a trader wanted to sell some cheap but smelly seafood to my father, he said “No!” and stopped the 89 .
Now, my brother and I keep in mind 90 our grandfather and father taught us. Through ups and downs in life, we’ve come to deeply understand our family value behind this saying-to be truthful and honest.
76．A．as B．by C．like D．with
77．A．hard B．light C．soft D．wet
78．A．fire B．illness C．pollution D．problems
79．A．magic B．normal C．similar D．special
80．A．began B．canceled C．kept D．stopped
81．A．In all B．Above all C．As a result D．After all
82．A．excitedly B．patiently C．sadly D．worriedly
83．A．food B．furniture C．money D．wood
84．A．clean B．make C．move D．repair
85．A．answering B．believing C．comforting D．doubting
86．A．fairness B．honesty C．love D．politeness
87．A．joy B．plan C．shape D．value
88．A．beautiful B．convenient C．peaceful D．popular
89．A．business B．competition C．interview D．survey
90．A．how B．what C．when D．why
【答案】
76．A 77．D 78．D 79．C 80．A 81．C 82．B 83．C 84．B 85．D 86．B 87．D 88．D 89．A 90．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。本文通过作者祖父的人生经历，宣扬了他们的家庭价值观“真实和诚实”。
76．句意：当他年轻的时候，他是一名家具制造商。
as作为；by通过；like像；with和，有。根据“he worked...a furniture maker”可知，work as“担任……工作”。故选A。
77．句意：当他到达时，他注意到提供的木头有点湿，所以他说：“我不马上开始。”
hard硬的；light轻的；soft软的；wet湿的。根据下文“He chose to let the wood dry for a month.”可知，他选择让木头干一个月，可推测出木头有点湿。故选D。
78．句意：他知道用湿木头干活以后可能会出问题。
fire火；illness疾病；pollution污染；problems问题。根据“A few months passed and the furniture made by that maker began to break”可知，几个月过去了，那个工匠做的家具开始破裂了，故应是用湿木头干活以后可能会出问题。故选D。
79．句意：大约在同一时间，另一个家具制造商也被另一个家庭要求做类似的工作。
magic神奇的；normal正常的；similar类似的；special特别的。根据“Unlike my grandfather, he...working right away”可知，另一个家具制造商是做的和我祖父类似的工作。故选C。
80．句意：不像我的祖父，他马上开始工作。
began开始；canceled取消；kept保持；stopped停止。根据“‘I won’t start right away.’ He chose to let the wood dry for a month”和“Unlike my grandfather”可知，这个家具制作商和我的祖父不同，我的祖父选择等待，而他应是立刻开始制作。故选A。
81．句意：结果，邻居开始怀疑我的祖父，认为他是想通过拖延工作来赚更多的钱。
In all总共；Above all首先，尤其是；As a result结果是；After all毕竟。根据“the neighbor started doubting my grandfather, thinking he was trying to make more money by putting off the work”可知，祖父这样做的结果是让邻居开始怀疑祖父是想通过拖延工作来赚更多的钱。故选C。
82．句意：然而，祖父耐心地等待着。
excitedly兴奋地；patiently耐心地；sadly悲伤地；worriedly担忧地。根据句首“However”和“waited”，可知，祖父并没有着急，而是耐心地等待。故选B。
83．句意：一个月后，另一个家具制作商收到了他的钱然后回家了。
food食物，furniture家具；money钱；wood木头。根据上文“he was trying to make more money”可知，制作家具是为了挣钱，所以制作完家具，拿到钱后回家。故选C。
84．句意：当木材完全干燥时，我的祖父开始制作坚固而漂亮的家具。
clean清理；make制造；move移动；repair修理。根据空后宾语“furniture”和前文中“he worked as a furniture maker”，可知是制作家具。故选B。
85．句意：邻居后来后悔怀疑了我的祖父，并向他道歉。
answering回答；believing相信；comforting安慰；doubting怀疑。根据“A few months passed and the furniture made by that maker began to break.”可知，几个月过去了，那个工匠做的家具开始破裂了，和前文中“the neighbor started doubting my grandfather”，可知邻居后悔怀疑我的祖父。故选D。
86．句意：人们开始了解他的诚实和技艺，使他名声远扬。
fairness公平；honesty诚实；love爱；politeness礼貌。根据上文所述，可知作者的祖父坚持等到木材干了才开始制作家具，事实证明他是对的，没有欺骗顾客，故祖父是诚实的。故选B。
87．句意：受到我祖父的影响，我的父亲也遵循“我不会”的价值观。
joy快乐；plan计划；shape形状；value价值观。根据“My grandfather often said ‘I won’t’ to show his dislike of being dishonest”可知，对不诚实说“我不会”是祖父的价值观，所以我的父亲也遵循同样的价值观。故选D。
88．句意：他总是提供最新鲜的食物，这使他的餐馆在镇上很受欢迎。
beautiful美丽的；convenient方便的；peaceful和平的；popular受欢迎的。根据“He always provides the freshest food”可知，他总是提供最新鲜的食物，故他的餐馆应该是很受欢迎的。故选D。
89．句意：有一次，一个商人想把一些便宜但气味难闻的海鲜卖给我父亲，他说：“不！”，然后停止了生意。
business生意；competition竞争；interview采访；survey调查。根据“No!”，可推知作者父亲拒绝跟那个商人做生意。故选A。
90．句意：现在，我和哥哥牢记祖父和父亲教给我们的东西。
how如何；what什么；when当……时；why为什么。根据“Now, my brother and I keep in mind...our grandfather and father taught us”可知，空格处为宾语从句引导词，从句缺宾语，teach sb. sth.“教某人某事”，故此处应用what。故选B。
Passage 7
（2024·江苏扬州·三模）Early the next day was also cold and grey. Nobody talked much during 91 . Mrs March was pale and tired. The girls tried to 92 their tears in order not to worry their mother too much.
Then Mr Brooke 93 with the carriage and it was time for Mrs March to 94 . She kissed her daughters one by one and said, “Keep 95 , my dears and never lose hope!”
“Yes, Mother.”
“Meg, look after your sisters. If you need help, ask Hannah or Mr Laurence. Jo, be patient and cheerful, and write to me often. Beth and Amy, help with the 96 and be obedient.”
“Yes, Mother. Don’t worry!”
She got into the carriage and 97 the window.
“Goodbye, my dears!” she called as it drove 98 . The girls waved their hands cheerfully 99 the carriage turned the corner. Then, with sad faces and 100 hearts, they went back inside.
“The house seems very 101 now,” said Meg.
“Our motto is “ 102 and keep busy”, said Job rightly. She was trying to forget how sad she was feeling. “So I am going to go and see Aunt March. What about you, Meg ”
“I’m going to teach the King children,” 103 Meg.
“And Amy and I are going to help Hannah with the housework,” said Beth.
“I think anxiety is very interesting,” Amy said 104 .
Her remark made her sisters laugh, and they all started to feel a little 105 .
91．A．dinner B．breakfast C．lunch D．supper
92．A．hide B．show C．run D．wipe
93．A．reached B．arrived C．got to D．met
94．A．get up B．leave C．speak D．work
95．A．calm B．quiet C．patient D．busy
96．A．homework B．sisters C．neighbors D．housework
97．A．closed B．broke C．opened D．shut
98．A．by B．away C．on D．up
99．A．as B．when C．until D．while
100．A．heavy B．light C．regretful D．cheerful
101．A．mixed B．untidy C．bored D．empty
102．A．Confidence B．Hope C．Anxiety D．Patience
103．A．replied B．repeated C．respected D．reminded
104．A．happily B．comfortably C．seriously D．pleasantly
105．A．worse B．sadder C．better D．weaker
【答案】
91．B 92．A 93．B 94．B 95．D 96．D 97．C 98．B 99．C 100．A 101．D 102．B 103．A 104．C 105．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了母亲临别前对孩子们一一嘱托以及孩子们牢记母亲嘱托认真生活的故事。
91．句意：早餐期间没人多说话。
dinner晚餐；breakfast早餐；lunch午餐；supper晚餐。根据前文“Early the next day was also cold and grey.”可知，此处应该指的是早餐期间。故选B。
92．句意：为了不让妈妈太担心，女孩们试图隐藏眼泪。
hide藏；show展示；run跑；wipe擦。根据“in order not to worry their mother too much.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达女孩们试图隐藏眼泪。故选A。
93．句意：然后布鲁克先生驾着马车来了，马奇太太该走了。
reached实现，及物动词；arrived到达，不及物动词，不直接加宾语，后跟介词再接宾语；got to到达，后跟具体地点；met遇到，及物动词。根据横线后“with the carriage”可知，此处应该填入arrived，过去式，作谓语，意为“到达”符合语境。故选B。
94．句意：然后布鲁克先生驾着马车来了，马奇太太该离开了。
get up起床；leave离开；speak讲话；work工作。根据后文“She kissed her daughters one by one and said, ‘Keep…, my dears and never lose hope!’”可知，此处应该指的是马奇太太该离开了。故选B。
95．句意：她一个接一个地吻着她的女儿，说道:“忙碌起来，亲爱的，永远不要失去希望！”
calm安静的；quiet安静的；patient耐心的；busy忙碌的。根据“my dears and never lose hope!”，结合语境可知，此处应该指的是保持忙碌。故选D。
96．句意：贝丝和艾米，帮忙做家务，听话。
homework家庭作业；sisters姐妹；neighbors邻居；housework家务。根据后文“‘And Amy and I are going to help Hannah with the housework,’ said Beth.”可知，此处应该指的是帮助做家务。故选D。
97．句意：她上了马车，打开了窗户。
closed接近，关闭；broke打破；opened打开；shut关闭。根据后文“‘Goodbye, my dears!’ she called as it drove…”可知，此处应该表达她上了马车，打开了窗户。故选C。
98．句意：当它开走的时候，她叫道：“再见，我亲爱的！”。
by通过；away离开；on在……上；up向上。根据“‘Goodbye, my dears!’ she called”可知，此处应该指的是当它开走的时候，drive away“开走”，动词短语。故选B。
99．句意：女孩们兴高采烈地挥着手，直到马车拐过街角。
as正如，当……时；when当……时；until直到……为止；while当……时。根据分析句子“The girls waved their hands cheerfully…the carriage turned the corner.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达女孩们兴高采烈地挥着手，直到马车拐过街角。故选C。
100．句意：然后，她们带着悲伤的脸和沉重的心情回到屋里。
heavy沉重的；light轻的；regretful后悔的；cheerful开心的。根据横线前“with sad faces”可知，此处应该指的是沉重的心情。故选A。
101．句意：“这房子现在似乎很空，”梅格说。
mixed混合的；untidy凌乱的；bored无聊的 ；empty空的。根据前文语境，结合选项可知，此处应该指的是这房子现在似乎很空。故选D。
102．句意：约伯说得对，我们的座右铭是“希望并保持忙碌”。
Confidence自信；Hope希望；Anxiety焦虑；Patience耐心。根据前文“She kissed her daughters one by one and said, ‘Keep busy, my dears and never lose hope!’”可知，此处应该表达希望并保持忙碌。故选B。
103．句意：“我要去教国王的孩子们，”梅格答道。
replied回复；repeated重复；respected尊重；reminded提到。根据前文“What about you, Meg ”可知，此处应该是梅格回复到。故选A。
104．句意：“我觉得焦虑很有趣，”艾米严肃地说。
happily开心地；comfortably舒服地；seriously严肃地；pleasantly愉快地。根据“‘I think anxiety is very interesting,’ Amy said…”，结合后文语境可知，此处应该指的是严肃地说。故选C。
105．句意：她的话让她的姐妹们笑了，她们都开始感觉好一点了。
worse更糟糕的；sadder更伤心的；better更好的；weaker更虚弱的。根据前半句“Her remark made her sisters laugh”可知，此处应该指的是她们都开始感觉好一点了。故选C。
Passage 8
（2024·江苏扬州·二模）阅读下列短文，从文后各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
If someone were to ask me who influenced me most in my life, I’d tell him or her that it’s my brother, Chris. My brother is one of the most 106 people in my life. I may not always act like it, but I look up to him and 107 him. When I think of everything he’s done for me, it’s hard not to 108 him. There are the basic 109 that most older brothers do. You know, they look after you, 110 you with your homework, and let you use their things. But my brother did a lot more for me. He was the one who taught me how to read and how to tie my shoes. He taught me how to hold my 111 underwater.
He even taught me how not to touch his things. He also did other big brother stuff (事情). Like shut me in the closet (储藏室), play tricks on me, “forbid (禁止)” me to 112 his things. But for each “mean” thing he did to me, he did about five 113 things. One nice thing he did was that he always let me hang around with him and his friends. Because of that, I have two brothers instead of one. My other “brother” is Chris’s best friend, Corey. They spent a lot of time together when they were younger, and since Chris was nice, I 114 got to do stuff with them. Since Corey was as much my brother as Chris was, of course they both pulled little 115 on me. But I must admit a lot of the tricks 116 because I was a slightly gullible (易受骗的) child. One that 117 comes to mind is when Chris and Corey 118 to make me believe that they were being sucked (吸入) into the ground.
I was so 119 about it that I went inside and told Mum that they were being sucked down. As I said, I was a slightly gullible child. Yes. We had some 120 times.
106．A．powerful B．common C．beautiful D．important
107．A．recommend B．raise C．respect D．report
108．A．mistake B．like C．hate D．introduce
109．A．things B．comedies C．facts D．tricks
110．A．provide B．present C．help D．supply
111．A．attention B．breath C．view D．attraction
112．A．use B．display C．discover D．buy
113．A．nice B．frightening C．mean D．boring
114．A．seldom B．hardly C．usually D．ever
115．A．dreams B．faces C．tests D．tricks
116．A．mattered B．displayed C．went D．worked
117．A．quickly B．gently C．heavily D．simply
118．A．wanted B．promised C．managed D．supposed
119．A．scared B．sure C．crazy D．worried
120．A．hard B．tiring C．boring D．interesting
【答案】
106．D 107．C 108．B 109．A 110．C 111．B 112．A 113．A 114．C 115．D 116．D 117．A 118．C 119．D 120．D
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己的哥哥为自己做的一些事情以及一些小的恶作剧，对作者有很大的影响。
106．句意：我哥哥是我生命中最重要的人之一。
powerful强大的；common共同的；beautiful漂亮的；important重要的。根据“If someone were to ask me who influenced me most in my life, I’d tell him or her that it’s my brother, Chris.”可知，作者认为哥哥是其生命中最重要的人之一。故选D。
107．句意：我可能不总是这样做，但我尊敬他，尊重他。
recommend劝告；raise筹集；respect尊敬；report报道。根据“but I look up to him”可知，作者非常尊敬自己的哥哥。故选C。
108．句意：当我想到他为我所做的一切，我很难不喜欢他。
mistake错误；like喜欢；hate憎恨；introduce介绍。根据“When I think of everything he’s done for me,”可知，当作者想到哥哥为自己所做的一切时，很难不喜欢他。故选B。
109．句意：大多数哥哥都会做一些基本的事情。
things事情；comedies喜剧；facts事实；tricks技巧。根据“You know, they lo专题08 完形填空记叙文解题策略
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 3
利用文章首句信息解题 3
寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 ...................................................................................................4
利用上下文逻辑关系解题 ..........4
巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断............................................... .............................................5
熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题.....................................................................................................5
上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断.............................................................................................6
利用作者情感态度来解题.........................................................................................................8
依据常识，确定答案.................................................................................................................8
中考练场 .......11
【题型解读】
完形填空是近年来英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。
中考完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解。
【命题规律】
考点：以实词为主，侧重对动词（短语）、名词和形容词的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。
核心考点：逻辑推理，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。
题型和考查角度：
1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。
2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。
3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。
【解题策略】
上下文推理题：从整体角度考虑，结合上下文语境才能判断出最佳答案。
逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。
词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。
生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。
语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。
固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。
【应试技巧】
1、了解记叙文的六要素
记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚时间、地点、人物、 事件、经过和结果，即记叙文的“六要素”。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。
2、明确作者的写作目的
就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明个道理。 作者总是为了某个目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主旨。
3、读懂作者的观点或态度
解题时要认真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。 为了增加试题难度，命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下，对文章进行逻辑推断，才能推出文字之下的深层信息。
4、弄清作者叙述的视角
弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的。通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个:第一人称和第三人称。 用第一人称就是从 ”参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者态度和感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持定距高，读者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的写作角度有助于我们抓住作者思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。
【考点诠释】
（一）、利用文章首句信息解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。
【示例】 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. He only 1 about winning every race and becoming more successful.
1．A．heard B．talked C．cared D．learned
（二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理
如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。
【示例】Their ____30____ language helps me know when to adjust class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school.
30. A. body B. spoken C. written D. foreign
（三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题
完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
【示例】So we should always keep improving ourselves 20 try to understand our true value.
20．A．and B．so C．but D．or
（四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断
同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。
【示例】 When they finished, Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot. He couldn’t stop smiling. “I think it’s the best ____30____ I have ever built. Now I have to write my report,” Jack said, hugging Grandpa. “Thank you, Grandpa. I had a lot of fun.”
30. A. room B. table C. schoolbag D. robot
【示例】I remember the year when I was seven years old. I ___16___ a pretty hair clip from a girl in my dance class. ..........What a bad end I would come to if I became a thief—people would not trust me any more.
16. A. borrowed B. discovered C. stole D. pulled
（五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题
短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。
【示例】The charity began with a simple dream of giving ___6 hope ___, joy and magic to those kids. It later ___7___ a national organization that sent cards to over 5000 sick kids at more than 50 hospitals across the country.
7. A. looked up B. gave up C. broke into D. turned into
【示例】 It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most ____19____ and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me.
19. A. look down B. look up C. look back D. look through
（六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断
语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。
【示例】One day, I was receiving my thirteenth operation in the hospital. Being away from my friends and school was causing me almost as much ___3___ as the operation itself.
3. A. fun B. pain C. value D. danger
【示例】Seeing a picture of a child ___9___ one of our cards with a huge smile makes us keep this wonderful charity alive.
9. A. selling B. printing C. holding D. cleaning
【示例】____10____ might provide medicine for these sick kids, but we provide that little bit of hope and magic that’ll go a long way.
10. A. Teachers B. Friends C. Patients D. Doctors
（七）、利用作者情感态度来解题
第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用，因此，我们有时候可以根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性来排除干扰做出正确的选择。
【示例】When I came back, Judy smiled at me. Ms Jenkins called her name and Judy 41 followed her. She was still calm and smiling when she came out.
When Ms Jenkins told us who were chosen to join the choir group, I wasn’t 42 when Judy’s name was on her list and mine wasn’t, but I was disappointed.
41．A．strangely B．carefully C．calmly D．seriously
42．A．excited B．surprised C．moved D．pleased
（八）、依据常识，确定答案
完形填空的文章内容往往与文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识。知识范围越广，越有利于文章的理解。因而答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断，最终确定答案。
【示例】Later, she 64 plenty of bags and went back to the park with her mom. Juliet put up her picture on a big trash can(垃圾桶). “Will you help me 65 trash, mom ” Juliet said as she handed her mom a bag. “I surely will.” replied her mom with a big smile.
65．A．set up B．pick up C．put up D．take up
【典题举隅】
（2024·江苏泰州·三模）
As the saying goes, “It takes a village to raise a child.”
One in Newton, Massachusetts 1 certainly takes that to heart.
One summer, Glenda and Raphael Savitz 2 their new home in Newton and had their daughter Samantha soon. 3 , Samantha was born deaf (聋的). That didn’t stop Samantha growing into a(n) 4 girl. When she was out, she tried to communicate with her neighbours. However, they 5 understand her because they knew little sign language (手语). It made them very 6 .
Instead of giving up, the 7 decided to learn sign language together. They found a sign language teacher and took 8 in Lucia’s living room. Lucia has lived in Newton for over 20 years.
She 9 the power of the community. “Samantha is bringing a 10 for us to get together,” she said.
It was not easy for the neighbors to learn sign language, but they 11 the process (过程). Before long, they could communicate with the little girl 12 . Both Samantha and her parents were very happy. “We’re seeing 13 in Samantha. We’re just so thankful that we live here with these wonderful people,” said Samantha’s mother. “I can’t think of a 14 place for my daughter.”
What is more, they are not the only ones who say they are thankful. “Samantha is doing 15 for us,” said some neighbors. “She has made our community closer.”
A．country B．community C．company D．school
A．moved into B．worked out C．found out D．put up
A．Finally B．Suddenly C．Unluckily D．Certainly
A．shy B．generous C．active D．honest
A．shouldn’t B．needn’t C．mustn’t D．couldn’t
A．strange B．happy C．upset (忐忑不安) D．angry
A．children B．family C．teachers D．neighbours
A．parties B．classes C．trips D．notes
A．believes in B．worries about C．forgets about D．misses out
A．reason B．result C．course D．secret
A．hated B．enjoyed C．invited D．lost
A．hardly B．loudly C．freely D．safely
A．conditions B．changes C．environment D．problems
A．worse B．farther C．better D．larger
A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．something
Passage 1
（2024·江苏徐州·三模）阅读短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
How far would you go to help a friend Jeremy and Ian had their 1 tested to the limit on a recent trip to the Rocky Mountains with their parents.
On Saturday morning, the two boys decided to climb Cathedral Mountain by themselves 2 their parents relaxed at the campsite. After three hours, they reached the top and enjoyed the beautiful view from the mountaintop.
3 , trouble began when they started the climb down. On a very dangerous part of the mountain, Ian fell three meters off the side of the path. Jeremy climbed down to where Ian was and found him 4 injured and not able to move. Jeremy had to decide 5 to do. He needed help but he did not want to leave his friend. He cleaned the dirt and blood from Ian’s face and hands, and tried to help Ian 6 , but Ian’s right leg was hurting too much. They had to wait and hope that help would come.
Meanwhile, as darkness started to fall, their parents back at the campsite became very 7 that the boys had not returned. They 8 park workers and began searching for the boys. Soon more than 20 people were looking for them. While they waited for help, Jeremy gave Ian his food and water and let him lie on his jacket. As the evening grew darker and the temperature 9 .
Ian told Jeremy to go back to their parents but Jeremy still did not leave. He thought it was too 10 for Ian to be alone on such a cold, windy night. Jeremy used his jacket to keep Ian 11 and they rested together through the night.
12 , Jeremy decided to carry him down the mountain. So, they started the long climb back to the 13 . Sometimes Jeremy carried Ian on his back. Sometimes he carried him in his arms. Finally, after four long and tiring hours, they 14 their parents who were happy to see them, “I will always remember what Jeremy did for me,” said Ian afterwards. “He saved my life. That is the 15 thing that a person can do for his friend.”
1．A．action B．talent C．friendship D．wisdom
2．A．while B．before C．after D．until
3．A．Besides B．Therefore C．Although D．However
4．A．simply B．badly C．wisely D．deeply
5．A．how B．what C．when D．where
6．A．stand up B．make up C．give up D．look up
7．A．bored B．excited C．worried D．interested
8．A．got on with B．paid attention to C．got in touch with D．cut in on
9．A．dropped B．increased C．changed D．doubled
10．A．comfortable B．suitable C．dangerous D．attractive
11．A．dry B．warm C．safe D．cool
12．A．At noon B．At midnight C．At sunset D．At sunrise
13．A．home B．mountain C．campsite D．school
14．A．talked with B．came across C．pointed at D．worried about
15．A．greatest B．latest C．simplest D．deepest
Passage 2
（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A 、B 、C 、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Five teenage boys from Caldwell, Idaho had been in the car on their way to the gym to play basketball when they saw an elderly man fall to the ground.
Isaac Hernandez, who had been behind the wheel at the time, said that when he saw the man 16 the sidewalk, he immediately pulled over 17 he and his friends could go and check on the senior.
Upon helping him back to his feet and asking if he was okay, the teens 18 on helping him back to his house. After they had successfully escorted (护送) him inside, the young men 19 his wounds with some napkins and alcohol.
Though the teens did not 20 it at the time, their good deed had been photographed on camera by Erika Tovar.
She had also been driving past the elderly man when she saw him fall in the rearview (后视) mirror. After she had turned her car around to check on him, 21 , she saw that the boys were already rushing to his side—so she took some 22 and posted them on Facebook, 23 the boys for their kindness.
Since the photos have been 24 hundreds of times, local Caldwell businesses have showered the boys with presents as a thank you for their kindness. But the boys said they were just trying to do the 25 thing.
“We didn’t do it for the 26 . We just did it out of the kindness of our hearts,” Hernandez told KTVB．“I think it makes us all feel 27 because we are out here helping other people…and we don’t expect anything 28 .”
However, the boys say that they have now developed a(n) 29 with the man they helped. In the weeks following their first meeting, the boys have been visiting the senior at his apartment regularly—and they 30 to visit much more in the future.
16．A．leave B．hit C．reach D．touch
17．A．or B．but C．so D．because
18．A．insisted B．focused C．worked D．tried
19．A．checked B．touched C．covered D．cleaned
20．A．discuss B．expect C．know D．say
21．A．instead B．however C．besides D．moreover
22．A．rest B．advice C．actions D．photos
23．A．reporting B．rewarding C．encouraging D．praising
24．A．shared B．printed C．discovered D．advertised
25．A．common B．right C．great D．special
26．A．attention B．man C．duty D．interest
27．A．nervous B．grateful C．strange D．good
28．A．in turn B．in advance C．in return D．in exchange
29．A．agreement B．friendship C．idea D．habit
30．A．wait B．manage C．refuse D．plan
Passage 3
（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）In a big country, a man was living along with his family. The man had a large amount of wealth. One day he took his son on a trip to the country. The dad’s only 31 was to show his son how poor people live, so the son could 32 his good fortune (命运).
During their journey, they reached a small village. There, they spent a couple of days and nights on the farm of what would be considered a very 33 family.
On their 34 from their trip, Dad asked his son, “How was the trip, my son ”
The son replied with excitement, “It was a 35 trip, Dad.”
The rich dad asked, “Did you see how the poor people live The purpose of the journey was to make you 36 how lucky you are having born in such a wealthy family.”
“Oh yeah,” said the son and smiled towards his father.
The father asked, “So, my dear son, tell me, what did you learn from the trip ”
The wise son answered, “Dad, I 37 a lot of things on poor people living. I saw that we have one dog and they had three. We have a swimming pool that reaches to the middle of our garden and they have a river that has no 38 . We have imported designer lanterns in our garden and they have the stars at night. Our patio (露台) reaches to the front yard and they have the whole horizon (地平线).”
The father got a bit confused (困惑) with his son’s answers.
The son 39 , “We have a small piece of land to live on and they have fields which go 40 our sight. We have servants who serve us, but they serve others.”
The wise son’s learning did not end yet. The son went on 41 his trip experiences, “We buy our food, but they grow theirs. We have 42 around our house to protect us, but they have friends to protect them. We spend our free time with televisions and mobiles, but they spend their free time with family and relatives.”
The son summed up his experience on the trip to the village, “Thank Dad for showing me how 43 we are...!”
The wise son’s words left the rich dad 44 .
Money can buy clothes, or cars, or big houses or many other things which make your life 45 . But there are a few things that money cannot buy. What makes your life rich is love, kindness, compassion, friendships...
31．A．project B．programme C．purpose D．product
32．A．develop B．treasure C．create D．display
33．A．poor B．wealthy C．rich D．exciting
34．A．direction B．interview C．distance D．return
35．A．great B．challenging C．strange D．boring
36．A．remember B．imagine C．understand D．decide
37．A．buy B．notice C．make D．receive
38．A．end B．size C．shape D．height
39．A．wondered B．complained C．doubted D．continued
40．A．against B．through C．beyond D．beside
41．A．explaining B．expressing C．organizing D．ordering
42．A．dogs B．trees C．lanterns D．walls
43．A．happy B．rich C．poor D．great
44．A．hopeless B．speechless C．sleepless D．homeless
45．A．comfortable B．simple C．busy D．special
Passage 4
（2024·江苏连云港·二模）阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Will, a 16-year-old boy from New York, started a charity activity to fight against food waste in 2022.
Will saw many people on the subway 46 food every day. He felt sorry that he was unable to help them, 47 he didn’t have much money as a student. At the same time, he 48 that a lot of good food was thrown away in school dining hall. To solve the problem of food waste, Will decided to do 49 . He invited some classmates to join him. But they didn’t know where and how to start.
50 , they got an idea from their history teacher. The teacher 51 them to work with community fridges. There food such as bread, milk and fruit is provided for people in need. So Will and his classmates offered the spare 52 in the school dining hall to the Loisaida Community Fridge. So far, they have donated 3,000 pounds of food to people across the city from 53 school.
“Many families are too poor to 54 basic food, so I want to help them. I hope students in other schools can do the same thing 55 us. There are over 1,700 public schools in New York. If every public school has such an 56 , they will be able to give away over a million pounds of food each year,” said Will.
Will is 57 that they can give a helping hand to people in need. With their help, more people can get 58 they need from the community fridges. 59 , people can get close to each other when they visit these fridges. “People who have a lot are giving to those who don’t. It’s really 60 . I think it’s helpful in building a wonderful society.” added Will.
46．A．take up B．ask for C．go through D．look after
47．A．so B．but C．because D．and
48．A．laughed B．showed C．picked D．noticed
49．A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing
50．A．Politely B．Luckily C．Angrily D．Sadly
51．A．trained B．warned C．advised D．caused
52．A．time B．money C．space D．food
53．A．his B．her C．its D．their
54．A．afford B．take C．carry D．give
55．A．for B．as C．from D．above
56．A．introduction B．instruction C．activity D．award
57．A．proud B．sorry C．amazed D．worried
58．A．how B．where C．what D．when
59．A．However B．Moreover C．Anyway D．Otherwise
60．A．meaningful B．similar C．humorous D．possible
Passage 5
（2024·江苏南通·二模）One of my earliest memories is playing “shops” with my granddad when I was 5 years old. After 61 school at 15, I worked in a fruit shop, but I had no 62 of how to run my own shop back then.
Several years later, I got married. My husband Eric and I heard about a shop for sale in the nearby village. We had a look and decided to have a shop of our own. That was January 1973. Shopkeeping was 63 to us, so we often didn’t know what the 64 were asking for. But we soon learned.
We can tell by the weather how 65 the shop is going to be. On wet days there are very few people around, and when it’s 66 people want bread and milk, as they’re worried about being snowed in. When it’s hot, everyone buys cold drinks and ice cream.
More people shop online nowadays, but they still come here for things 67 from their order. I’ve kept up with technology and have a card reader, but the shop itself hasn’t changed much.
Now, as I’m getting older, it’s open from 7 a. m. to 6 p. m. on weekdays 68 closing at 8: 30 p. m. However, I keep it open until 2 p. m. at weekends.
Eric passed away 16 years ago, but I am 69 getting rid of (处理掉) the shop. I love it all—talking to the customers and getting 70 they want. There are customers who come in two or three times a day, and we see several generations of families. Customers often tell me their 71 and I offer advice if I can.
It was the 50th anniversary (周年纪念) of the shop on January 13 this year. I wanted to do something 72 , so I held a party and had drinks and nibbles with customers. I also 73 a book about my memories in the shop. It’s called Just Ask Jenny, as I’m always the first port of call when anyone wants to know 74 .
This shop has been my life. I never 75 I’d still be here after 50 years, but I love it and the people. It’s what keeps me going, and I’ve got no plan of retiring (退休).
61．A．attending B．leaving C．visiting D．changing
62．A．choice B．time C．decision D．idea
63．A．good B．new C．experienced D．disappointed
64．A．market B．sellers C．users D．customers
65．A．common B．expensive C．cold D．busy
66．A．snowy B．rainy C．windy D．sunny
67．A．appearing B．coming C．missing D．producing
68．A．as a result of B．because of C．in fear of D．instead of
69．A．always B．never C．seldom D．often
70．A．what B．how C．that D．which
71．A．suggestions B．questions C．problems D．surprises
72．A．traditional B．historical C．changeable D．special
73．A．read B．wrote C．borrowed D．learned
74．A．anything B．everything C．nothing D．nobody
75．A．imagined B．hoped C．felt D．worked
Passage 6
（2024·江苏淮安·二模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
My grandfather often said “I won’t” to show his dislike of being dishonest. When he was young, he worked 76 a furniture maker. One day, a neighbor invited him to make some furniture. When arriving, he noticed the wood provided was a little 77 , so he said, “I won’t start right away.” He chose to let the wood dry for a month. He knew working with wet wood could cause 78 later on.
Around the same time, another furniture maker was also asked for a 79 job by a different family. Unlike my grandfather, he 80 working right away. 81 , the neighbor started doubting my grandfather, thinking he was trying to make more money by putting off the work. However, my grandfather waited 82 . He wanted the best quality for the furniture he was making.
A month later, the other furniture maker received his 83 and went back home. My grandfather began to 84 strong and beautiful furniture when the wood was completely dry. A few months passed and the furniture made by that maker began to break. The neighbor then regretted (后悔) 85 my grandfather and said sorry to him. People came to understand his 86 and skill, spreading his fame far and wide.
Influenced by my grandfather, my father also follows the 87 of “I won’t”. He always provides the freshest food, which makes his restaurant very 88 in town. Once a trader wanted to sell some cheap but smelly seafood to my father, he said “No!” and stopped the 89 .
Now, my brother and I keep in mind 90 our grandfather and father taught us. Through ups and downs in life, we’ve come to deeply understand our family value behind this saying-to be truthful and honest.
76．A．as B．by C．like D．with
77．A．hard B．light C．soft D．wet
78．A．fire B．illness C．pollution D．problems
79．A．magic B．normal C．similar D．special
80．A．began B．canceled C．kept D．stopped
81．A．In all B．Above all C．As a result D．After all
82．A．excitedly B．patiently C．sadly D．worriedly
83．A．food B．furniture C．money D．wood
84．A．clean B．make C．move D．repair
85．A．answering B．believing C．comforting D．doubting
86．A．fairness B．honesty C．love D．politeness
87．A．joy B．plan C．shape D．value
88．A．beautiful B．convenient C．peaceful D．popular
89．A．business B．competition C．interview D．survey
90．A．how B．what C．when D．why
Passage 7
（2024·江苏扬州·三模）Early the next day was also cold and grey. Nobody talked much during 91 . Mrs March was pale and tired. The girls tried to 92 their tears in order not to worry their mother too much.
Then Mr Brooke 93 with the carriage and it was time for Mrs March to 94 . She kissed her daughters one by one and said, “Keep 95 , my dears and never lose hope!”
“Yes, Mother.”
“Meg, look after your sisters. If you need help, ask Hannah or Mr Laurence. Jo, be patient and cheerful, and write to me often. Beth and Amy, help with the 96 and be obedient.”
“Yes, Mother. Don’t worry!”
She got into the carriage and 97 the window.
“Goodbye, my dears!” she called as it drove 98 . The girls waved their hands cheerfully 99 the carriage turned the corner. Then, with sad faces and 100 hearts, they went back inside.
“The house seems very 101 now,” said Meg.
“Our motto is “ 102 and keep busy”, said Job rightly. She was trying to forget how sad she was feeling. “So I am going to go and see Aunt March. What about you, Meg ”
“I’m going to teach the King children,” 103 Meg.
“And Amy and I are going to help Hannah with the housework,” said Beth.
“I think anxiety is very interesting,” Amy said 104 .
Her remark made her sisters laugh, and they all started to feel a little 105 .
91．A．dinner B．breakfast C．lunch D．supper
92．A．hide B．show C．run D．wipe
93．A．reached B．arrived C．got to D．met
94．A．get up B．leave C．speak D．work
95．A．calm B．quiet C．patient D．busy
96．A．homework B．sisters C．neighbors D．housework
97．A．closed B．broke C．opened D．shut
98．A．by B．away C．on D．up
99．A．as B．when C．until D．while
100．A．heavy B．light C．regretful D．cheerful
101．A．mixed B．untidy C．bored D．empty
102．A．Confidence B．Hope C．Anxiety D．Patience
103．A．replied B．repeated C．respected D．reminded
104．A．happily B．comfortably C．seriously D．pleasantly
105．A．worse B．sadder C．better D．weaker
Passage 8
（2024·江苏扬州·二模）阅读下列短文，从文后各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
If someone were to ask me who influenced me most in my life, I’d tell him or her that it’s my brother, Chris. My brother is one of the most 106 people in my life. I may not always act like it, but I look up to him and 107 him. When I think of everything he’s done for me, it’s hard not to 108 him. There are the basic 109 that most older brothers do. You know, they look after you, 110 you with your homework, and let you use their things. But my brother did a lot more for me. He was the one who taught me how to read and how to tie my shoes. He taught me how to hold my 111 underwater.
He even taught me how not to touch his things. He also did other big brother stuff (事情). Like shut me in the closet (储藏室), play tricks on me, “forbid (禁止)” me to 112 his things. But for each “mean” thing he did to me, he did about five 113 things. One nice thing he did was that he always let me hang around with him and his friends. Because of that, I have two brothers instead of one. My other “brother” is Chris’s best friend, Corey. They spent a lot of time together when they were younger, and since Chris was nice, I 114 got to do stuff with them. Since Corey was as much my brother as Chris was, of course they both pulled little 115 on me. But I must admit a lot of the tricks 116 because I was a slightly gullible (易受骗的) child. One that 117 comes to mind is when Chris and Corey 118 to make me believe that they were being sucked (吸入) into the ground.
I was so 119 about it that I went inside and told Mum that they were being sucked down. As I said, I was a slightly gullible child. Yes. We had some 120 times.
106．A．powerful B．common C．beautiful D．important
107．A．recommend B．raise C．respect D．report
108．A．mistake B．like C．hate D．introduce
109．A．things B．comedies C．facts D．tricks
110．A．provide B．present C．help D．supply
111．A．attention B．breath C．view D．attraction
112．A．use B．display C．discover D．buy
113．A．nice B．frightening C．mean D．boring
114．A．seldom B．hardly C．usually D．ever
115．A．dreams B．faces C．tests D．tricks
116．A．mattered B．displayed C．went D．worked
117．A．quickly B．gently C．heavily D．simply
118．A．wanted B．promised C．managed D．supposed
119．A．scared B．sure C．crazy D．worried
120．A．hard B．tiring C．boring D．interesting
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
