专题11 完形填空记叙文解题策略
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 3
利用文章首句信息解题 3
寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 ...................................................................................................4
利用上下文逻辑关系解题 ..........4
巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断............................................... .............................................5
熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题.....................................................................................................5
上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断.............................................................................................6
利用作者情感态度来解题.........................................................................................................8
依据常识，确定答案.................................................................................................................8
中考练场 .......13
【题型解读】
完形填空是近年来英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。
中考完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解。
【命题规律】
考点：以实词为主，侧重对动词（短语）、名词和形容词的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。
核心考点：逻辑推理，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。
题型和考查角度：
1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。
2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。
3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。
【解题策略】
上下文推理题：从整体角度考虑，结合上下文语境才能判断出最佳答案。
逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。
词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。
生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。
语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。
固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。
【应试技巧】
1、了解记叙文的六要素
记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚时间、地点、人物、 事件、经过和结果，即记叙文的“六要素”。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。
2、明确作者的写作目的
就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明个道理。 作者总是为了某个目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主旨。
3、读懂作者的观点或态度
解题时要认真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。 为了增加试题难度，命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下，对文章进行逻辑推断，才能推出文字之下的深层信息。
4、弄清作者叙述的视角
弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的。通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个:第一人称和第三人称。 用第一人称就是从 ”参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者态度和感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持定距高，读者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的写作角度有助于我们抓住作者思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。
【考点诠释】
（一）、利用文章首句信息解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。
【示例】 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. He only 1 about winning every race and becoming more successful.
1．A．heard B．talked C．cared D．learned
（二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理
如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。
【示例】Their ____30____ language helps me know when to adjust class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school.
30. A. body B. spoken C. written D. foreign
（三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题
完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
【示例】So we should always keep improving ourselves 20 try to understand our true value.
20．A．and B．so C．but D．or
（四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断
同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。
【示例】 When they finished, Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot. He couldn’t stop smiling. “I think it’s the best ____30____ I have ever built. Now I have to write my report,” Jack said, hugging Grandpa. “Thank you, Grandpa. I had a lot of fun.”
30. A. room B. table C. schoolbag D. robot
【示例】I remember the year when I was seven years old. I ___16___ a pretty hair clip from a girl in my dance class. ..........What a bad end I would come to if I became a thief—people would not trust me any more.
16. A. borrowed B. discovered C. stole D. pulled
（五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题
短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。
【示例】The charity began with a simple dream of giving ___6 hope ___, joy and magic to those kids. It later ___7___ a national organization that sent cards to over 5000 sick kids at more than 50 hospitals across the country.
7. A. looked up B. gave up C. broke into D. turned into
【示例】 It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most ____19____ and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me.
19. A. look down B. look up C. look back D. look through
（六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断
语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。
【示例】One day, I was receiving my thirteenth operation in the hospital. Being away from my friends and school was causing me almost as much ___3___ as the operation itself.
3. A. fun B. pain C. value D. danger
【示例】Seeing a picture of a child ___9___ one of our cards with a huge smile makes us keep this wonderful charity alive.
9. A. selling B. printing C. holding D. cleaning
【示例】____10____ might provide medicine for these sick kids, but we provide that little bit of hope and magic that’ll go a long way.
10. A. Teachers B. Friends C. Patients D. Doctors
（七）、利用作者情感态度来解题
第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用，因此，我们有时候可以根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性来排除干扰做出正确的选择。
【示例】When I came back, Judy smiled at me. Ms Jenkins called her name and Judy 41 followed her. She was still calm and smiling when she came out.
When Ms Jenkins told us who were chosen to join the choir group, I wasn’t 42 when Judy’s name was on her list and mine wasn’t, but I was disappointed.
41．A．strangely B．carefully C．calmly D．seriously
42．A．excited B．surprised C．moved D．pleased
（八）、依据常识，确定答案
完形填空的文章内容往往与文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识。知识范围越广，越有利于文章的理解。因而答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断，最终确定答案。
【示例】Later, she 64 plenty of bags and went back to the park with her mom. Juliet put up her picture on a big trash can(垃圾桶). “Will you help me 65 trash, mom ” Juliet said as she handed her mom a bag. “I surely will.” replied her mom with a big smile.
65．A．set up B．pick up C．put up D．take up
【典题举隅】
（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One day, our teacher, Mr. Sims, announced that the seventh grade field trip would be to a theme park. The classroom was filled with excitement as the girls discussed what they would wear and what they should bring with them. I sat back and listened, knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me. It made me 76 to feel so left out. But not Danny. He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going. When Mr. Sims asked him 77 , Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad hurt his back and has been out of 78 for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.”
Sitting back down in his seat, Danny held his head up 79 , even though whispering had already begun. I could only sit quietly in my seat, knowing those 80 could be about me when they found out I would not be going either.
“Dan, I’m very proud of you for 81 the situation that your parents are in,” Mr. Sims replied.
Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again, only 82 .
“This year, we’re going to do things differently. The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money 83 . Each student must bring in at least one idea for that. If a student doesn’t want to help, then he or she will be staying here that day. Any 84 ”
Of course, Shelly, the most popular girl in the class, spoke up.
“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can 85 it. Do I still have to help ”
“Shelly, this is not a matter of being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older. This will be a great learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.”
76．A．bored B．angry C．relaxed D．happy
77．A．how B．when C．why D．what
78．A．work B．town C．hope D．time
79．A．excitedly B．proudly C．worriedly D．politely
80．A．secrets B．changes C．praises D．whispers
81．A．understanding B．describing C．explaining D．announcing
82．A．faster B．slower C．louder D．quieter
83．A．lending B．making C．spending D．raising
84．A．ideas B．questions C．plans D．suggestions
85．A．afford B．cancel C．return D．share
（2024·江苏苏州·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The grandfather had become very old. His legs would not carry him, his eyes could not see, his ears could not hear, and he was 86 . When he ate, bits of food sometimes dropped out of his mouth. His son and his son’s wife no longer 87 him to eat with them 88 the table. He had to eat his meals in the corner near the stove.
One day they gave him his food in a bowl. He tried to move the bowl 89 , but it fell to the floor and broke. His daughter-in-law scolded him. She told him that he spoiled 90 in the house and broke their dishes, and she said that from now on he would get his food in a wooden dish. The old man sighed and said nothing.
A few days later, the old man’s son and his wife were sitting in their hut, resting and 91 their little boy playing on the floor. They saw him 92 something out of small pieces of wood. His father asked him, “What are you making, Misha ” The little grandson said, “I’m making a wooden bucket. When you and Mamma get 93 , I’ll feed you out of this wooden dish.”
The young peasant and his wife looked at each other and tears 94 their eyes. They were ashamed 95 they bad treated the old grandfather so meanly, and from that day they again let the old man eat with them at the table and took better care of him.
86．A．boneless B．toothless C．careless D．breathless
87．A．allowed B．asked C．accepted D．advised
88．A．on B．in C．at D．off
89．A．farthest B．closest C．farther D．closer
90．A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something
91．A．noticing B．looking C．seeing D．watching
92．A．putting up B．putting together C．putting out D．putting in
93．A．old B．weak C．disabled D．useless
94．A．formed B．froze C．fixed D．filled
95．A．though B．if C．because D．so
Passage 1
（2024·江苏南京·三模）Not long ago, I arrived at a meeting earlier. So I walked into a room, and there I saw some volunteers were busy with handouts (手册) of the meeting. I went over and asked if I could 1 . Seeing I was lame (瘸腿), one of the ladies 2 said, “Oh, no, thank you.” and offered me a chair to just sit while they worked. Then, another volunteer came into the room, saw me sitting there doing nothing and said, “Hey, young man, come on over there. There’s work to do, and you can help.” He put two chairs together, placed two stacks (摞) of handouts and 3 me, “OK, the left piece goes on top of the right one.”
“Fine, I can do that.” I said. And just like that, I was now happy to be part of the group.
This member of the group saw that my disability did not mean an inability to help. Later, I 4 him and asked why he invited me to help. “Well, I considered we’d finish more quickly with more 5 . Of course you can.” he 6 . The kind lady 7 my offer of help, but I know that she didn’t mean to offend (冒犯) me. Too often, people with disabilities are left out of a social group because of their disability but not because of their inability.
It’s important for all of us to feel part of a group. And when we are 8 , we feel that we are accepted, respected and considered as a full and 9 member of a group. It sends a 10 that says, “To us, your abilities are more important than your disability.”
1．A．enter B．read C．leave D．help
2．A．rudely B．politely C．loudly D．coldly
3．A．showed B．moved C．treated D．controlled
4．A．thanked B．introduced C．guided D．punished
5．A．heads B．handouts C．legs D．hands
6．A．talked B．replied C．thought D．remembered
7．A．wanted B．refused C．accepted D．considered
8．A．mentioned B．rewarded C．encouraged D．included
9．A．secret B．different C．equal D．simple
10．A．message B．gift C．decision D．suggestion
Passage 2
（2024·江苏南京·一模）I spent a lot of my childhood in my grandma’s country kitchen. My grandma was a skillful baker and the most priceless possession in the kitchen was her recipe (食谱) box 11 with secret family recipes.
That tiny kitchen was where my family gathered every Sunday and 12 , but it wasn’t just a place to cook. It was the place where she 13 our family’s past to the present, teaching me our family history through the food she made.
The kitchen is where I 14 my life with my grandma too. After baking, she would always cut two slices of pie, then pour a cup of coffee for herself and a glass of milk for me, and we’d sit and talk at her table. We’d 15 discuss what I was going to do when I grow up, 16 I was going to change the world and see places she’d never been to.
I was in college when my grandma 17 her last Thanksgiving. I returned home on 18 and spent most of my time in the kitchen with her, baking the pies for our family. When we finished, she cut two slices and poured the coffee and milk, 19 always.
Now every Thanksgiving, in my own 20 , I make the treasured desserts from her recipe box, cut two slices and “tell” her about my life.
11．A．circled B．decorated C．covered D．filled
12．A．holiday B．weekday C．week D．month
13．A．added B．preferred C．connected D．introduced
14．A．mixed B．shared C．exchanged D．compared
15．A．only B．mostly C．completely D．especially
16．A．what B．where C．how D．which
17．A．hosted B．attended C．canceled D．kept
18．A．display B．journey C．break D．guard
19．A．as B．beyond C．except D．through
20．A．world B．life C．kitchen D．college
Passage 3
（2024·江苏无锡·一模）
“Look at this,” I said to my friend Mandy. “There’s a five-day art camp at White Cliff.” Mandy took the paper and stopped when her eyes caught the 21 . “It’s during the last week of July. That’s the same time as the Hill County Fair.” she said. I had a feeling she’d 22 that. “Yeah, that’s right.” I said. “But we always go to the fair.”
“Tessa, you’re the artist and my brother thought the tulips I painted were rocket ships.” she smiled. “You may not think you can draw, but you can learn,” I said in my most 23 voice. I really didn’t want to go alone.
“Would you like to 24 the art camp ” Mom asked. “Probably not, none of my friends are going.” I said. Mom knew me well, “Maybe next year.” “Maybe.” I sighed. “I’m going outside to 25 the Westons’ pine tree.” “Dinner will be ready in an hour.” Mom reminded me.
I opened the door and sat at the front stoop, thinking about the art camp and wishing I could be a little 26 . Mandy could make friends in ten minutes, but my stomach twirls like a roller coaster when I don’t know anyone around me.
Once I started drawing, I didn’t 27 anything around. That’s why I jumped when Mr. Weston said, “You’ve done a great job.” “Thanks,” I smiled. “I have planted pine trees before. Roots grow 28 , not down, so the tree can get enough water and grow tall. If you plant the root ball too deep, the tree withers (枯萎).You have a good 29 .” Mr. Weston added and nodded good-bye.
I thought about what Mr. Weston told me as I stared at the towering pine. I’d never 30 how far a tree’s roots stretch (延伸) outward. I wasn’t stretching my own roots out at all.
That night, I took a deep breath and filled in the application for art camp. My stomach felt a little jumbled, but I also felt a shiver of excitement. I am the pine!
21．A．place B．date C．price D．event
22．A．charge B．confirm C．mention D．accept
23．A．amazing B．calming C．satisfying D．encouraging
24．A．attend B．hold C．introduce D．report
25．A．plant B．water C．draw D．climb
26．A．braver B．cleverer C．luckier D．wealthier
27．A．notice B．risk C．complain D．require
28．A．up B．out C．wild D．back
29．A．hand B．nose C．leg D．eye
30．A．chosen B．realized C．understood D．doubted
Passage 4
（2024·江苏无锡·一模）In my childhood, my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else. Sometimes she knitted (编织) hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. Therefore, I wasn’t 31 when one evening my mother announced she had taken on a new project.
“I am going to telephone seniors (老年人),” said my mother. “Every 32 But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I 33 .” I was sixteen years old and couldn’t understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to 34 . She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely. “They will talk your ear off. Some people didn’t even stop to catch 35 ,” I said.
My attitude (态度) didn’t stop my mother’s love for the project. That evening, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, “ 36 do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert ” My mother said, “I’m the 37 person she talked to today.”
It took me more than thirty years to 38 understand the meaning of my mother’s words. Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly 39 she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I’m the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I 40 that my mother’s calls were life lines, which made sure housebound seniors to keep in touch with the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.
31．A．angry B．happy C．surprised D．excited
32．A．minute B．weekend C．day D．night
33．A．listen B．talk C．call D．help
34．A．neighbors B．strangers C．friends D．children
35．A．time B．answer C．voice D．breath
36．A．When B．How C．What D．Why
37．A．only B．wrong C．past D．usual
38．A．simply B．carefully C．fully D．wisely
39．A．decisions B．calls C．dreams D．mistakes
40．A．realized B．wondered C．confirmed D．supposed
Passage 5
（2024·江苏无锡·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I was nine when my father first sent me flowers. I had been taking tap-dancing lessons for six months, and the school was holding its yearly performance. As a member of the beginners’ chorus line, I was 41 of my lowly status (地位). So it was a surprise to have my name called out at the end of the show along with the lead 42 and to find my arms full of red roses. I can still feel myself standing on that stage, blushing (脸红) and gazing out at the audience, seeing my father’s grin as he clapped his hands 43 .
As the years passed, other occasions—birthdays, awards, graduations—were 44 with Dad’s flowers. Dad’s flowers represented his pride, and my success. When I graduated from college, I began a new career and was engaged to be married.
With time passing by, my luck grew. My father slowly became 45 , but his gifts of flowers continued 46 he died of a heart attack a few months before his 70th birthday. I covered his coffin with the largest, reddest roses I could find.
Often in the following years since, I have wanted to go out and buy a big bunch to fill the living room, but I 47 did. I knew it would not be the same.
Then one birthday, the door bell rang. I was feeling 48 because I was alone. My son, Matt, had run out earlier with a “see you later”, without mentioning my birthday. So I was surprised to see his large body at the door. “Forgot my key,” he said, shrugging. “Forgot your birthday, too. Well, I hope you like flowers.” He pulled a bunch of dairies from 49 his back. “Oh, Matt,” I 50 , hugging him hard, “I love flowers!”
41．A．tired B．proud C．afraid D．aware
42．A．readers B．winners C．dancers D．teachers
43．A．loudly B．carefully C．politely D．quietly
44．A．covered B．marked C．left D．impressed
45．A．busy B．unhappy C．careless D．weak
46．A．until B．after C．while D．since
47．A．always B．sometimes C．often D．never
48．A．nervous B．worried C．sad D．scared
49．A．behind B．before C．between D．beside
50．A．looked B．asked C．cried D．doubted
Passage 6
（2023·江苏无锡·二模）Hitting heavily on the keys, I turned away from the piano, trying to fight the tears in my eyes. After an hour of 51 , I still couldn’t get the rhythm（节奏） quite right on a Mozart piece that I had to show to my piano teacher the following day. Although I tried very hard, I just couldn’t seem to play it the way it was 52 to be played.
I decided to take a break. For the most part, after a little bit of work, I could usually learn the song pretty quickly. Sadly, it was always that one song, which might have appeared simple but was difficult, that always annoyed（惹恼） me. These types of songs always made me 53 myself whether I could be a pianist.
After dinner, I decided to come back to the 54 . Placing my fingers on the keys, I chose to play the piece carefully and 55 , paying attention to hitting the correct notes instead of trying to play the piece quickly. Using this new method, I exercised a great deal of patience, something that I often had 56 with. Instead of thinking how hard the rhythm was, I thought about how I could 57 myself, little by little. Finally, I could slowly see myself getting better.
That evening, I didn’t even get the rhythm right until a week later. I 58 an important lesson—sometimes, baby steps are the best way to reach a goal. I’m a（n） 59 person who likes to think that I can get somewhere by leaps and bounds（跳跃）. 60 , in the case of piano, I couldn’t move forward and improve until I slowed down and took it one step at a time.
51．A．acting B．insisting C．singing D．practicing
52．A．allowed B．thought C．supposed D．reported
53．A．doubt B．consider C．admire D．challenge
54．A．lesson B．piano C．teacher D．room
55．A．happily B．gently C．seriously D．slowly
56．A．trouble B．fun C．experience D．influence
57．A．show B．improve C．prepare D．please
58．A．gave B．missed C．learned D．taught
59．A．proud B．impatient C．careless D．hardworking
60．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Indeed
Passage 7
（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As a little girl when I heard my sister talk about her life-changing term abroad in Paris, it became my goal to visit it one day. When my daily life in New Jersey seemed boring, I often 61 about walking around the streets of Paris. Luckily, with our financial (财务的) situation 62 , European travel became a reality.
Travelling to a European country with my 63 was exciting, but it would not be complete without facing problems and figuring them out.
We had just started to get 64 familiar (熟悉的) with the Paris subway system. Since using it was very difficult, we were walking slowly until we 65 the subway was about to leave. As soon as I 66 , the doors shut with my mom on the other side. I did not have my cell phone, neither of us could speak a word of 67 , and we had no idea how to connect each other. My mom and I, who were both 68 , began to knock heavily on the doors. Suddenly, a man with a very puzzled look on his face walked over to the doors and simply 69 them. My mom stepped on and we hugged 70 we just met each other for the first time in years. A huge sense of 71 washed over us. 72 , my mom and I were able to find all those tourist places we wanted to go. We began to explore the neighborhood we were staying in, such as finding our favorite breakfast café 73 walking to museums. The trip to Paris was not just 74 because of the beautiful clothes or the sidewalk cafés, but it also taught me it is okay to run into 75 when trying to explore an unfamiliar area, and if you keep working, you will improve.
61．A．talked B．worried C．heard D．dreamed
62．A．improving B．changing C．happening D．appearing
63．A．sister B．father C．mother D．brother
64．A．itself B．ourselves C．yourselves D．themselves
65．A．guessed B．realized C．remembered D．felt
66．A．got on B．rushed out C．set off D．fell over
67．A．English B．German C．Russian D．French
68．A．touched B．surprised C．worried D．excited
69．A．opened B．broke C．closed D．repaired
70．A．ever since B．as if C．even though D．so that
71．A．pride B．shame C．peace D．happiness
72．A．Finally B．Clearly C．Recently D．Suddenly
73．A．for B．or C．but D．and
74．A．relaxing B．boring C．unforgettable D．strange
75．A．surprises B．challenges C．fights D．danger
Passage 8
（2024·江苏镇江·二模）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
When I was about 12, I didn’t like a girl who liked to 96 my shortcomings (缺点). Week by week her list 97 : I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to bear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very 98 . I ran to Daddy with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me 99 . Then he asked, “Are the things she says true or not Allen, didn’t you ever wonder 100 you’re really like Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me. To my great 101 , I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I got a 102 picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. “That’s just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just 103 your ears in anger and feel hurt. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Don’t close your ears. Listen to them all, 104 hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”
Daddy’s advice has 105 to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.
96．A．point out B．look out C．give out D．work out
97．A．stopped B．grew C．made D．remained
98．A．angry B．happy C．excited D．worried
99．A．happily B．worriedly C．quietly D．quickly
100．A．how B．what C．when D．where
101．A．joy B．sadness C．worries D．surprise
102．A．beautiful B．clear C．good D．famous
103．A．open B．pull C．close D．wash
104．A．or B．and C．but D．so
105．A．returned B．run C．rewarded D．taught
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题11 完形填空记叙文解题策略
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 3
利用文章首句信息解题 3
寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 ...................................................................................................4
利用上下文逻辑关系解题 ..........4
巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断............................................... .............................................5
熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题.....................................................................................................5
上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断.............................................................................................6
利用作者情感态度来解题.........................................................................................................8
依据常识，确定答案.................................................................................................................8
中考练场 .......13
【题型解读】
完形填空是近年来英语中考一直采用的一种综合性很强的测试题型。完形填空涉及的知识面广，灵活性较高。它不仅能测试考生的英语知识水平和对所学知识的综合运用能力，而且能反映出考生的阅读理解能力，分析判断能力和逻辑推理能力。
中考完形填空一般以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，主题语境包括人与自我，人与社会，人与自然。侧重考查在具体语境中运用词汇知识的能力，降低了对单词本身用法的考查，少量数词生义和一词多义的考查。选材内容源于真实生活，以人物思想和行为为中心，体现理性思维，人文情怀、参与社会的人文素养等正能量；以时间或空间的变化为线索，按事件的发生、发展和结束来展开叙述；时态上多以一般过去时为主，其他时态为辅。完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解。
【命题规律】
考点：以实词为主，侧重对动词（短语）、名词和形容词的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。
核心考点：逻辑推理，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。
题型和考查角度：
1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。
2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。
3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。
【解题策略】
上下文推理题：从整体角度考虑，结合上下文语境才能判断出最佳答案。
逻辑推理题：注意对文章内容进行逻辑分析、推理判断。理解上下文的内在关联和连贯意义。
词汇复现题：有些答案是会在上下文中重复出现的，关注语境，读懂题意，选出答案。
生活常识题：注意文化背景和生活常识，利用上下文线索,分析句子的关系。
语境推断题：注意对文章发生的背景，所处环境进行分析，进而理解语境，利用上下文线索，找到关键提示词或句子，选出答案。
固定搭配题：注意英语中的固定搭配、习惯用语及短语的运用。
【应试技巧】
1、了解记叙文的六要素
记叙文，无论是记人还是叙事，都会交代清楚时间、地点、人物、 事件、经过和结果，即记叙文的“六要素”。弄清了这六个要素，基本上就理解了整篇文章。
2、明确作者的写作目的
就事论事一般来说不是作者记叙的目的，作者往往通过叙述阐明个道理。 作者总是为了某个目的，在情节选择和细节描写上作出合理的安排。读者明晰了写作目的，就能抓住文章的主旨。
3、读懂作者的观点或态度
解题时要认真分析全文，看作者是否一直采用某种态度叙事或描述人。 为了增加试题难度，命题人往往采用变化的形式，考生只有在语境的指导下，对文章进行逻辑推断，才能推出文字之下的深层信息。
4、弄清作者叙述的视角
弄清文章是以第几人称的视角展开记叙的。通常英语记叙文展开记叙的视角有两个:第一人称和第三人称。 用第一人称就是从 ”参与者”的角度进行记叙，读者可从字里行间感受到作者态度和感情。用第三人称就是以“观察者”的身份展开叙述，作者的语气客观，与读者保持定距高，读者的注意力更多地集中在故事本身上。了解作者的写作角度有助于我们抓住作者思维，深入理解文章的意义，把握好语境。
【考点诠释】
（一）、利用文章首句信息解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它作为一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项选择。首句或前几句话都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，它提供的信息是把握全文主旨的关键，可以帮助考生判断全文大意甚至全文主题。所以利用首句信息解题是处理完形填空中任何问题都必须遵循的步骤，掌握好了首句，有助于抓住文章主旨，因而我们才可以通过上下文确定文章所要前进的方向。
【示例】 Once there was a teenage boy who was known as a fast runner in his village. He only 1 about winning every race and becoming more successful.
1．A．heard B．talked C．cared D．learned
【答案】1．C
【解析】本篇完形填空的第一句话没有设题，是一个完整的句子。据此可知，本文讲述了村子里有一个十几岁的男孩，他只在乎赢得每一场比赛，变得更成功。句意：他只关心赢得每一场比赛，变得更加成功。
heard听到；talked谈论；cared在乎；learned学习。根据“He only...about winning every race”可知男孩只关心赢得每一场比赛。care about“关心”。故选C。
（二）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理
如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。
【示例】Their ____30____ language helps me know when to adjust class activities, and when to talk to students separately, so they can all get the most out of school.
30. A. body B. spoken C. written D. foreign
【答案】A
【解析】句意：他们的肢体语言帮助我知道什么时候该调整课堂活动，什么时候该分别与学生交谈，这样他们都能从学校得到最大的收获。
body身体；spoken口语的；written书面的；foreign外国的。根据“Their …language helps me know when to adjust（调整） class activities”可知，本文主要讲述了彼得的妈妈作为一名老师，通过身体语言判断学生的状态。故选A。
（三）、利用上下文逻辑关系解题
完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、并列、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
【示例】So we should always keep improving ourselves 20 try to understand our true value.
20．A．and B．so C．but D．or
【答案】20．A
【解析】句意：所以我们应该不断提高自己，努力了解自己的真正价值。
and和；so因此；but但是；or或者。根据“So we should always keep improving ourselves...try to understand our true value.”可知，前后两句构成并列关系，用and连接。故选A。
（四）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断
同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。
【示例】 When they finished, Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot. He couldn’t stop smiling. “I think it’s the best ____30____ I have ever built. Now I have to write my report,” Jack said, hugging Grandpa. “Thank you, Grandpa. I had a lot of fun.”
30. A. room B. table C. schoolbag D. robot
【答案】D
【解析】句意：我认为这是我制造过的最好的机器人。
room房间；table桌子；schoolbag书包；robot机器人。根据“Jack looked at their misshapen (奇形怪状的) robot”可知，他们建造的是机器人。故选D。
【示例】I remember the year when I was seven years old. I ___16___ a pretty hair clip from a girl in my dance class. ..........What a bad end I would come to if I became a thief—people would not trust me any more.
16. A. borrowed B. discovered C. stole D. pulled
【答案】C
【解析】句意：我从舞蹈课上的一个女孩那里偷了一个漂亮的发夹。
borrowed借入；discovered发现；stole偷；pulled拉。根据“if I became a thief”可知是偷了一个发夹。故选C。
（五）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题
短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。
【示例】The charity began with a simple dream of giving ___6 hope ___, joy and magic to those kids. It later ___7___ a national organization that sent cards to over 5000 sick kids at more than 50 hospitals across the country.
7. A. looked up B. gave up C. broke into D. turned into
【答案】D
【解析】句意：后来它变成了一个全国性的组织，给全国50多家医院的5000多名生病的孩子送去了贺卡。
looked up查阅；gave up放弃；broke into闯入；turned into变成。根据“a national organization ”可知是指这个慈善机构变成了全国性的组织，故选D。
【示例】 It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most ____19____ and make eye contact. They lean forward and look at me.
19. A. look down B. look up C. look back D. look through
【答案】B
【解析】句意：大多数人抬头与人眼神交流。
look down向下看；look up查阅，向上看；look back回顾；look through浏览。根据“It’s easy to see when students show interest in a lesson. Most… and make eye contact.”可知，学生如果对课堂感兴趣，会抬头与老师进行眼神交流。故选B。
（六）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断
语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。
【示例】One day, I was receiving my thirteenth operation in the hospital. Being away from my friends and school was causing me almost as much ___3___ as the operation itself.
3. A. fun B. pain C. value D. danger
【答案】B
【解析】离开我的朋友和学校给我带来的痛苦几乎和手术本身一样多。
fun乐趣；pain痛苦；value价值；danger危险。根据“Being away from my friends and school ”可知离开了朋友和学校，作者是很痛苦的，故选B。
【示例】Seeing a picture of a child ___9___ one of our cards with a huge smile makes us keep this wonderful charity alive.
9. A. selling B. printing C. holding D. cleaning
【答案】C
【解析】看到一个孩子带着灿烂的笑容拿着我们的卡片的照片，让我们把这个美好的慈善机构继续存在下去。
selling卖；printing打印；holding持着；cleaning打扫。根据“Seeing a picture of a child...one of our cards with a huge smile”可知是指孩子拿着卡片，应用holding，故选C。
【示例】____10____ might provide medicine for these sick kids, but we provide that little bit of hope and magic that’ll go a long way.
10. A. Teachers B. Friends C. Patients D. Doctors
【答案】D
【10题详解】医生可能会为这些生病的孩子提供药物，但我们提供的是那一点点希望和魔力，这将会走很长的路。Teachers老师；Friends朋友；Patients病人；Doctors医生。根据“provide medicine for these sick kids,”可知给生病的孩子提供药物的是医生，故选D。
（七）、利用作者情感态度来解题
第一遍通读时，应在掌握文章大意，弄清作者思路的基础上，着重寻找反映语境褒贬性的标志性词汇或句子，这些标志性词汇或句子往往对文章的语境褒贬性起着决定性的作用，因此，我们有时候可以根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性来排除干扰做出正确的选择。
【示例】When I came back, Judy smiled at me. Ms Jenkins called her name and Judy 41 followed her. She was still calm and smiling when she came out.
When Ms Jenkins told us who were chosen to join the choir group, I wasn’t 42 when Judy’s name was on her list and mine wasn’t, but I was disappointed.
41．A．strangely B．carefully C．calmly D．seriously
42．A．excited B．surprised C．moved D．pleased
【答案】 41．C 42．B
【导语】本文讲述了作者和好朋友Judy之间的故事。作者从小和Judy一起，Judy几乎什么都比她优秀。在一次合唱表演中，作者被选为独唱，她非常紧张，但在Judy的帮助下，作者最终克服了胆怯、完成了表演。
41．句意：Jenkins小姐叫了她的名字，Judy平静地跟着她。
strangely奇怪地；carefully仔细地；calmly平静地；seriously严肃地。根据“She was still
calm and smiling when she came out.”可知Judy很平静。故选C。
42．句意：当知道Judy的名字在名单上，而我的不在的时候，我一点也不失望。
excited兴奋的；surprised惊讶的；moved感动的；pleased满意的。根据“when Judy’s name
was on her list and mine wasn’t, but I was disappointed.”以及上文“Judy and I had been classmates since primary school. She was always better than I.”可知作者认为Judy很优秀，这完全是意料之中的事，不会感到惊讶。故选B。
（八）、依据常识，确定答案
完形填空的文章内容往往与文化生活、史地知识、生活科技等相关，有些内容是我们已经掌握的生活常识。知识范围越广，越有利于文章的理解。因而答题时要充分调动相关知识帮助我们分析、推断，最终确定答案。
【示例】Later, she 64 plenty of bags and went back to the park with her mom. Juliet put up her picture on a big trash can(垃圾桶). “Will you help me 65 trash, mom ” Juliet said as she handed her mom a bag. “I surely will.” replied her mom with a big smile.
65．A．set up B．pick up C．put up D．take up
【答案】 65．B
【导语】本文讲述了Juliet和妈妈在公园玩时，发现公园到处都是垃圾，于是回家画了一幅画，并将它贴在垃圾桶上，呼吁大家一起保护环境的故事。
【解析】．句意：妈妈，你能帮我捡垃圾吗？set up建立；pick up捡起；put up举起；take up占据。根据“Will you help me...trash, mom ”和常识可知，请妈妈帮忙捡垃圾，故选B。
【典题举隅】
（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）先通读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后在每小题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
One day, our teacher, Mr. Sims, announced that the seventh grade field trip would be to a theme park. The classroom was filled with excitement as the girls discussed what they would wear and what they should bring with them. I sat back and listened, knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me. It made me 76 to feel so left out. But not Danny. He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going. When Mr. Sims asked him 77 , Danny stood up and said, “It’s too much money for me. My dad hurt his back and has been out of 78 for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.”
Sitting back down in his seat, Danny held his head up 79 , even though whispering had already begun. I could only sit quietly in my seat, knowing those 80 could be about me when they found out I would not be going either.
“Dan, I’m very proud of you for 81 the situation that your parents are in,” Mr. Sims replied.
Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again, only 82 .
“This year, we’re going to do things differently. The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money 83 . Each student must bring in at least one idea for that. If a student doesn’t want to help, then he or she will be staying here that day. Any 84 ”
Of course, Shelly, the most popular girl in the class, spoke up.
“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can 85 it. Do I still have to help ”
“Shelly, this is not a matter of being rich or poor. Money is not just something that is handed to you when you get older. This will be a great learning experience for everyone, whether you have the money or not.”
76．A．bored B．angry C．relaxed D．happy
77．A．how B．when C．why D．what
78．A．work B．town C．hope D．time
79．A．excitedly B．proudly C．worriedly D．politely
80．A．secrets B．changes C．praises D．whispers
81．A．understanding B．describing C．explaining D．announcing
82．A．faster B．slower C．louder D．quieter
83．A．lending B．making C．spending D．raising
84．A．ideas B．questions C．plans D．suggestions
85．A．afford B．cancel C．return D．share
【答案】
76．B 77．C 78．A 79．B 80．D 81．A 82．C 83．D 84．B 85．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的班级要去旅行，作者没有钱，且羞于承认。班级里同样没有钱去旅行的丹尼诚实勇敢地说明了自己的境况，获得了老师的称赞。最后老师让学生自己筹集资金来参加这次旅行。
76．句意：感到如此被冷落让我很生气。
bored无聊的；angry生气的；relaxed放松的；happy开心的。根据“knowing that my parents did not have the money to send me…to feel so left out.”可知，作者没有钱去旅行，感到被冷落，所以生气。故选B。
77．句意：当西姆斯先生问他为什么时，丹尼站起来说：“这对我来说太贵了。我爸爸伤了背，已经失业一段时间了。我不会向父母要钱。”
how怎样；when什么时候；why为什么；what什么。根据“He simply told everyone that he wouldn’t be going.”及“It’s too much money for me…”可知，此处是老师询问丹尼为什么不能去旅行。故选C。
78．句意：当西姆斯先生问他为什么时，丹尼站起来说：“这对我来说太贵了。我爸爸伤了背，已经失业一段时间了。我不会向父母要钱。”
work工作；town城镇；hope希望；time时间。根据“My dad hurt his back and has been out of …for a while. I’m not asking my parents for money.”可知，丹尼父亲的背受伤了，已经失业了，所以丹尼不会向父母要钱。故选A。
79．句意：丹尼在座位上坐了下来，骄傲地抬起头，尽管窃窃私语已经开始了。
excitedly兴奋地；proudly骄傲地；worriedly担忧地；politely有礼貌地。根据“Danny held his head up”及上文可知，丹尼诚实地告诉大家自己的境况，骄傲地抬起头。故选B。
80．句意：我只能安静地坐在座位上，知道如果他们发现我也去不了，那些窃窃私语可能就是针对我的。
secrets秘密；changes改变；praises称赞；whispers低语，私语。根据“even though whispering had already begun”可知，作者觉得如果同学们知道自己也没钱去旅行，那同学们也会窃窃私语。故选D。
81．句意：“丹，你能理解你父母的处境，我为你感到骄傲，”西姆斯回答说。
understanding理解；describing描述；explaining解释；announcing宣布。根据“the situation that your parents are in”可知，丹尼理解父母的处境，所以放弃了旅行。故选A。
82．句意：看到学生们在后面窃窃私语，西姆斯先生又说话了，只是声音更大了。
faster更快的；slower更慢的；louder更大声的；quieter更安静的。根据“Seeing the students whispering in the back, Mr. Sims spoke again”可知，同学们在窃窃私语，所以老师用更大声音说话。故选C。
83．句意：这次旅行要到月底才开始，所以有足够的时间来筹集资金。
lending借出；making制作；spending花费；raising筹集。根据“The trip is not until the end of the month, so there’s plenty of time for money…”及下文“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help ”可知，这次旅行的费用不再是同学们向自己的父母要，而是自己筹集资金。故选D。
84．句意：有什么问题吗？
ideas想法；questions问题；plans计划；suggestions建议。根据下文“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help ”可知，老师提出建议后，问同学们还有什么问题。故选B。
85．句意：嗯，西姆斯先生，我父母负担得起。
afford负担得起；cancel取消；return返回；share分享。根据“Well, Mr. Sims, my parents can…it. Do I still have to help ”可知，谢莉觉得父母承担得起这次旅行的费用，所以询问自己是否还要参与到这次筹钱的活动中。故选A。
（2024·江苏苏州·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
The grandfather had become very old. His legs would not carry him, his eyes could not see, his ears could not hear, and he was 86 . When he ate, bits of food sometimes dropped out of his mouth. His son and his son’s wife no longer 87 him to eat with them 88 the table. He had to eat his meals in the corner near the stove.
One day they gave him his food in a bowl. He tried to move the bowl 89 , but it fell to the floor and broke. His daughter-in-law scolded him. She told him that he spoiled 90 in the house and broke their dishes, and she said that from now on he would get his food in a wooden dish. The old man sighed and said nothing.
A few days later, the old man’s son and his wife were sitting in their hut, resting and 91 their little boy playing on the floor. They saw him 92 something out of small pieces of wood. His father asked him, “What are you making, Misha ” The little grandson said, “I’m making a wooden bucket. When you and Mamma get 93 , I’ll feed you out of this wooden dish.”
The young peasant and his wife looked at each other and tears 94 their eyes. They were ashamed 95 they bad treated the old grandfather so meanly, and from that day they again let the old man eat with them at the table and took better care of him.
86．A．boneless B．toothless C．careless D．breathless
87．A．allowed B．asked C．accepted D．advised
88．A．on B．in C．at D．off
89．A．farthest B．closest C．farther D．closer
90．A．nothing B．everything C．anything D．something
91．A．noticing B．looking C．seeing D．watching
92．A．putting up B．putting together C．putting out D．putting in
93．A．old B．weak C．disabled D．useless
94．A．formed B．froze C．fixed D．filled
95．A．though B．if C．because D．so
【答案】
86．B 87．A 88．C 89．D 90．B 91．D 92．B 93．A 94．D 95．C
【导语】本文讲述了一对夫妇的儿子看到父母不善待爷爷的行为后决定效仿，这一举动深深地触动了夫妇俩，他们决定痛改前非，善待老人。
86．句意：他的腿走不动了，眼睛看不见，耳朵听不见，牙齿也没有了。
boneless无骨的；toothless无牙的；careless粗心的；breathless气喘吁吁的。由“When he ate, bits of food sometimes dropped out of his mouth”可知，老人没有牙齿了。故选B。
87．句意：他的儿子和儿媳不再允许他和他们一起吃饭。
allowed允许；asked问；accepted接受；advised建议。由“He had to eat his meals in the corner near the stove”可知，是不允许老人和他们一起吃饭。故选A。
88．句意：他的儿子和儿媳不再允许他和他们一起吃饭。
on在……上面；in在……里面；at在；off离开。at the table“在桌子旁”，固定短语。故选C。
89．句意：他想把碗移近一点，但它掉到地板上摔碎了。
farthest最远；closest最近；farther更远；closer更近。由“He tried to move the bowl…”可知，老人试着把碗挪近点吃。故选D。
90．句意：她告诉他，他破坏了家里的一切，打破了他们的盘子，她说，从现在起，他要用木盘子吃饭。
nothing没有什么；everything一切；anything任何东西；something某物。由“She told him that he spoiled…in the house”可知，儿媳认为老人老了，破坏了家里的一切。故选B。
91．句意：几天后，老人的儿子和儿媳坐在他们的小屋里休息，看着他们的小男孩在地上玩耍。
noticing注意；looking看；seeing看；watching观看。由“…their little boy playing on the floor”可知，此处指看某人做某事的过程，应用watch sb. doing sth.。故选D。
92．句意：他们看见他在用小块木头拼东西。
putting up张贴；putting together组装；putting out扑灭；putting in申请。由“…something out of small pieces of wood”可知，此处指用木头组装东西。故选B。
93．句意：小孙子说：“我在做一个木桶。等你和妈妈老了，我就用这个木盘子喂你们。”
old老的；weak虚弱的；disabled残疾的；useless无用的。由“When you and Mamma get…, I’ll feed you out of this wooden dish”及上文可知，当他们老了，他也用木盘子喂他们。故选A。
94．句意：年轻的农夫和他的妻子面面相觑，泪水夺眶而出。
formed形成；froze冻结；fixed修理；filled装满。由“tears…their eyes”可知，此处指眼里充满了泪水。故选D。
95．句意：他们很羞愧，因为他们对老祖父很刻薄，从那天起，他们又让老人和他们一起吃饭，并更好地照顾他。
though虽然；if如果；because因为；so所以。由“They were ashamed…they bad treated the old grandfather so meanly”可知，他们感到羞愧因为他们对祖父做的事情，应用because引导原因状语从句。故选C。
Passage 1
（2024·江苏南京·三模）Not long ago, I arrived at a meeting earlier. So I walked into a room, and there I saw some volunteers were busy with handouts (手册) of the meeting. I went over and asked if I could 1 . Seeing I was lame (瘸腿), one of the ladies 2 said, “Oh, no, thank you.” and offered me a chair to just sit while they worked. Then, another volunteer came into the room, saw me sitting there doing nothing and said, “Hey, young man, come on over there. There’s work to do, and you can help.” He put two chairs together, placed two stacks (摞) of handouts and 3 me, “OK, the left piece goes on top of the right one.”
“Fine, I can do that.” I said. And just like that, I was now happy to be part of the group.
This member of the group saw that my disability did not mean an inability to help. Later, I 4 him and asked why he invited me to help. “Well, I considered we’d finish more quickly with more 5 . Of course you can.” he 6 . The kind lady 7 my offer of help, but I know that she didn’t mean to offend (冒犯) me. Too often, people with disabilities are left out of a social group because of their disability but not because of their inability.
It’s important for all of us to feel part of a group. And when we are 8 , we feel that we are accepted, respected and considered as a full and 9 member of a group. It sends a 10 that says, “To us, your abilities are more important than your disability.”
1．A．enter B．read C．leave D．help
2．A．rudely B．politely C．loudly D．coldly
3．A．showed B．moved C．treated D．controlled
4．A．thanked B．introduced C．guided D．punished
5．A．heads B．handouts C．legs D．hands
6．A．talked B．replied C．thought D．remembered
7．A．wanted B．refused C．accepted D．considered
8．A．mentioned B．rewarded C．encouraged D．included
9．A．secret B．different C．equal D．simple
10．A．message B．gift C．decision D．suggestion
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因为残疾在想帮助别人时受到了拒绝，但后来一个人邀请他一起帮忙，他认为有时能力比残疾更重要。
1．句意：我走过去问他我能不能帮忙。
enter进入；read读；leave离开；help帮助。根据“Oh, no, thank you”以及“... my offer of help”可知，此处是走过去询问自己是否能提供帮助。故选D。
2．句意：看到我是瘸的，一个女士们礼貌地说，“噢，不，谢谢。” 然后给了我一张椅子，让我在他们工作的时候坐着。
rudely无礼地；politely礼貌地；loudly大声地；coldly冷淡地。根据“Oh, no, thank you.”可知，她是礼貌地拒绝了。故选B。
3．句意：他把两把椅子放在一起，放了两摞手册，并且展示给我看，“好的，把左边的放在右边的上面。”
showed展示；moved移动；treated对待；controlled控制。根据“OK, the left piece goes on top of the right one.”可知，这位志愿者展示如何做接下来的工作。故选A。
4．句意：后来，我向他表示感谢，并问他为什么邀请我帮忙。
thanked感谢；introduced介绍；guide引导；punished惩罚。根据“I was now happy to be part of the group”及“This member of the group saw that my disability did not mean an inability to help”可知作者很感谢这个志愿者。故选A。
5．句意：我认为我们用更多的人手会更快地完成。
heads头；handouts讲义；legs腿；hands手。根据“I considered we’d finish more quickly with more”可知有更多的帮手我们就会更快地完成。故选D。
6．句意：他回复。
talked谈话；replied回复；thought认为；remembered记得。根据“...Of course you can”可知这是他回复的话。故选B。
7．句意：那个善良的女士拒绝我提供的帮助，但我知道她不是在故意冒犯我。
wanted想要；refused拒绝；accepted接受；considered考虑。根据“Oh, no, thank you.”可知，那位好心的女士拒绝了作者的主动帮忙。故选B。
8．句意：当我们被包括在内时，我们会觉得自己被接受、尊重，并被视为一个群体中完全平等的一员。
mentioned提到；rewarded奖励；encouraged鼓励；included包括。根据“we feel that we are accepted, respected and considered as a full and...member of a group”可知是当被包括在内时，会觉得自己被接受。故选D。
9．句意：当我们被包括在内时，我们会觉得自己被接受、尊重，并被视为一个群体中完全平等的一员。
secret秘密的；different不同的；equal相等的；simple简单的。根据“we feel that we are accepted, respected and considered as a full and...member of a group”可知是被视为群体中平等的一员。故选C。
10．句意：它传递的信息是：“对我们来说，你的能力比你的残疾更重要。”
message信息；gift礼物；decision决定；suggestion建议。此处表示“它传递了一个信息”，message意为“信息”。故选A。
Passage 2
（2024·江苏南京·一模）I spent a lot of my childhood in my grandma’s country kitchen. My grandma was a skillful baker and the most priceless possession in the kitchen was her recipe (食谱) box 11 with secret family recipes.
That tiny kitchen was where my family gathered every Sunday and 12 , but it wasn’t just a place to cook. It was the place where she 13 our family’s past to the present, teaching me our family history through the food she made.
The kitchen is where I 14 my life with my grandma too. After baking, she would always cut two slices of pie, then pour a cup of coffee for herself and a glass of milk for me, and we’d sit and talk at her table. We’d 15 discuss what I was going to do when I grow up, 16 I was going to change the world and see places she’d never been to.
I was in college when my grandma 17 her last Thanksgiving. I returned home on 18 and spent most of my time in the kitchen with her, baking the pies for our family. When we finished, she cut two slices and poured the coffee and milk, 19 always.
Now every Thanksgiving, in my own 20 , I make the treasured desserts from her recipe box, cut two slices and “tell” her about my life.
11．A．circled B．decorated C．covered D．filled
12．A．holiday B．weekday C．week D．month
13．A．added B．preferred C．connected D．introduced
14．A．mixed B．shared C．exchanged D．compared
15．A．only B．mostly C．completely D．especially
16．A．what B．where C．how D．which
17．A．hosted B．attended C．canceled D．kept
18．A．display B．journey C．break D．guard
19．A．as B．beyond C．except D．through
20．A．world B．life C．kitchen D．college
【答案】
11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．B 16．C 17．A 18．C 19．A 20．C
【导语】本文讲述了自己童年时和奶奶在厨房里度过的时光。
11．句意：我奶奶是一位技艺高超的面包师，厨房里最无价的东西是她的食谱盒，里面装满了家庭秘方。
circled环绕；decorated装饰；covered覆盖；filled充满。filled with“充满”，故选D。
12．句意：那个小厨房是我的家人每周日和假期聚会的地方，但它不仅仅是一个做饭的地方。
holiday假期；weekday工作日；week周；month月。此处与every Sunday并列的，应是假期，故选A。
13．句意：在这里，她把我们家族的过去和现在联系起来，通过她做的食物告诉我我们家族的历史。
added补充；preferred更喜欢；connected联系；introduced介绍。connect...to...“把……连接到……”，故选C。
14．句意：厨房也是我和奶奶一起生活的地方。
mixed混合；shared分享；exchanged交流；compared比较。根据“After baking, she would always cut two slices of pie, then pour a cup of coffee for herself and a glass of milk for me, and we’d sit and talk at her table.”可知，此处表示我和奶奶在一起生活，故选B。
15．句意：我们主要讨论我长大后要做什么，我要如何改变世界，去看看她从未去过的地方。
only仅仅；mostly主要地；completely完全地；especially尤其。根据“and we’d sit and talk at her table.”和“discuss what I was going to do when I grow up,”可知，他们在一起讨论，此处表示主要讨论的内容，故选B。
16．句意：我们主要讨论我长大后要做什么，我要如何改变世界，去看看她从未去过的地方。
what什么；where哪里；how如何；which哪一个。根据“I was going to change the world”可知，此处宾语从句，缺少状语，表示要改变世界的方式，因此用疑问词how引导宾语从句，故选C。
17．句意：我上大学的时候，我奶奶举办了她最后一次的感恩节。
hosted举办；attended参加；canceled取消；kept保留。根据宾语“I returned home on...and spent most of my time in the kitchen with her,”可知，我和奶奶一起在厨房里，因此表示她举办了感恩节，故选A。
18．句意：我放假回家，大部分时间都和她在厨房里，为我们的家人烤馅饼。
display展示；journey旅程；break中断，课间休息；guard卫兵。根据“returned home”可知，我回家应是在放假的时候，on break“休息的时候”，故选C。
19．句意：吃完后，她像往常一样切了两片，倒上咖啡和牛奶。
as像；beyond超越；except除了；through通过。as always“像往常一样”，故选A。
20．句意：现在每个感恩节，在我自己的厨房里，我都会从她的食谱盒里拿出珍贵的甜点，切两片，然后“告诉”她我的生活。
world世界；life生活；kitchen厨房；college大学。根据“I make the treasured desserts from her recipe box, cut two slices”可知，我从她的食谱盒里拿出珍贵的甜点，切两片，这应是在厨房里，故选C。
Passage 3
（2024·江苏无锡·一模）
“Look at this,” I said to my friend Mandy. “There’s a five-day art camp at White Cliff.” Mandy took the paper and stopped when her eyes caught the 21 . “It’s during the last week of July. That’s the same time as the Hill County Fair.” she said. I had a feeling she’d 22 that. “Yeah, that’s right.” I said. “But we always go to the fair.”
“Tessa, you’re the artist and my brother thought the tulips I painted were rocket ships.” she smiled. “You may not think you can draw, but you can learn,” I said in my most 23 voice. I really didn’t want to go alone.
“Would you like to 24 the art camp ” Mom asked. “Probably not, none of my friends are going.” I said. Mom knew me well, “Maybe next year.” “Maybe.” I sighed. “I’m going outside to 25 the Westons’ pine tree.” “Dinner will be ready in an hour.” Mom reminded me.
I opened the door and sat at the front stoop, thinking about the art camp and wishing I could be a little 26 . Mandy could make friends in ten minutes, but my stomach twirls like a roller coaster when I don’t know anyone around me.
Once I started drawing, I didn’t 27 anything around. That’s why I jumped when Mr. Weston said, “You’ve done a great job.” “Thanks,” I smiled. “I have planted pine trees before. Roots grow 28 , not down, so the tree can get enough water and grow tall. If you plant the root ball too deep, the tree withers (枯萎).You have a good 29 .” Mr. Weston added and nodded good-bye.
I thought about what Mr. Weston told me as I stared at the towering pine. I’d never 30 how far a tree’s roots stretch (延伸) outward. I wasn’t stretching my own roots out at all.
That night, I took a deep breath and filled in the application for art camp. My stomach felt a little jumbled, but I also felt a shiver of excitement. I am the pine!
21．A．place B．date C．price D．event
22．A．charge B．confirm C．mention D．accept
23．A．amazing B．calming C．satisfying D．encouraging
24．A．attend B．hold C．introduce D．report
25．A．plant B．water C．draw D．climb
26．A．braver B．cleverer C．luckier D．wealthier
27．A．notice B．risk C．complain D．require
28．A．up B．out C．wild D．back
29．A．hand B．nose C．leg D．eye
30．A．chosen B．realized C．understood D．doubted
【答案】
21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C 26．A 27．A 28．B 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者的朋友无法陪她去参加艺术夏令营，她想放弃，但后来通过画松树和Mr. Weston的交谈中意识到要像松树一样，把根扎延伸出去才能生长。
21．句意：曼迪接过报纸,当她的眼睛捕捉到日期时停了下来。
place地点；date日期；price价格；event事件。根据“It’s during the last week of July.”可知，此处指“日期”，故选B。
22．句意：我有一种感觉，她会提及这一点。
charge收费；confirm确认；mention提及；accept接受。根据“That’s the same time as the Hill County Fair.”可知，我认为她会提到时间冲突这件事，故选C。
23．句意：我用最鼓舞人心的声音说道。
amazing令人吃惊的；calming令人平静的；satisfying令人满意的；encouraging令人鼓舞的。根据“I really didn’t want to go alone.”可知，我不想一个人去，所以我要鼓励她和我一起去，故选D。
24．句意：“你想参加艺术营吗？”妈妈问。
attend参加；hold举行；introduce介绍；report报告。根据“Probably not, none of my friends are going.” 可知，此处是问我要不要去参加，故选A。
25．句意：“我要到外面去画韦斯顿家的松树。”
plant种植；water浇；draw画；climb爬。根据下文“Once I started drawing”可知，此处指“画画”，故选C。
26．句意：我打开门，坐在门廊前，想着艺术营，希望自己能更勇敢一点。
braver更勇敢；cleverer更聪明；luckier更幸运；wealthier更有财富。根据“Mandy could make friends in ten minutes, but my stomach twirls like a roller coaster when I don’t know anyone around me.”可知，此处指“希望自己更勇敢，勇于去交新朋友”，故选A。
27．句意：一旦我开始画画，我就没有注意到周围的任何东西。
notice注意到；risk冒险；complain抱怨；require要求。根据“That’s why I jumped when Mr. Weston said”可知，我没有注意到周围的一切，所以有人说话时，我被吓了一跳。故选A。
28．句意：树根向外生长，不是向下生长的，这样树就能得到足够的水并长得高大。
up向上；out向外；wild自由生长；back回。根据“I’d never … how far a tree’s roots stretch (延伸) outward.”可知，此处指“向外”生长，故选B。
29．句意：你的眼力真好。
hand手；nose鼻子；leg腿；eye眼睛。根据“You’ve done a great job.”可知，画松树画得好，需要用眼睛看，故选D。
30．句意：我从来没有意识到一棵树的根能延伸这么远。
chosen选择；realized意识到；understood理解；doubted怀疑。根据“how far a tree’s roots stretch outward”可知，此处指“作者之前没有意识到”，其他选项不符合句意，故选B。
Passage 4
（2024·江苏无锡·一模）In my childhood, my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else. Sometimes she knitted (编织) hats for babies, and at other times, she cooked chicken soup for sick neighbors. Therefore, I wasn’t 31 when one evening my mother announced she had taken on a new project.
“I am going to telephone seniors (老年人),” said my mother. “Every 32 But you don’t even know these people.” “It doesn’t matter,” she said. “What’s important is that I 33 .” I was sixteen years old and couldn’t understand why my mother was willing to spend her evenings talking to 34 . She had friends and my two older sisters to call if she felt lonely. “They will talk your ear off. Some people didn’t even stop to catch 35 ,” I said.
My attitude (态度) didn’t stop my mother’s love for the project. That evening, I listened as she asked the woman on the other line about her day and what she had eaten for dinner. When she finished the call, I said, “ 36 do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert ” My mother said, “I’m the 37 person she talked to today.”
It took me more than thirty years to 38 understand the meaning of my mother’s words. Now, as my mother is nearing eighty, I find myself thinking about those nightly 39 she used to make. I am often the only person who telephones my mother, and sometimes I’m the only person she speaks to all day. I ask her what she cooked for dinner, but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took, or how her dog Lucky stole foods from the refrigerator. I 40 that my mother’s calls were life lines, which made sure housebound seniors to keep in touch with the world. Without her, their world would have been empty.
31．A．angry B．happy C．surprised D．excited
32．A．minute B．weekend C．day D．night
33．A．listen B．talk C．call D．help
34．A．neighbors B．strangers C．friends D．children
35．A．time B．answer C．voice D．breath
36．A．When B．How C．What D．Why
37．A．only B．wrong C．past D．usual
38．A．simply B．carefully C．fully D．wisely
39．A．decisions B．calls C．dreams D．mistakes
40．A．realized B．wondered C．confirmed D．supposed
【答案】
31．C 32．D 33．A 34．B 35．D 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的母亲会晚上与老年人打电话，这些电话让老年人与世界保持联系、感觉不那么孤独。
31．句意：因此，当一天晚上我母亲宣布她开始了一个新项目时，我并不感到惊讶。
angry生气的；happy开心的；surprised吃惊的；excited兴奋的。根据“my mother spent her evening hours doing something for someone else.”可知妈妈每天晚上都为别人做一些事情，所以当母亲宣布她要开始一个新项目时，自己并不感到惊讶。故选C。
32．句意：每天晚上？但你甚至不认识这些人。
minute分钟；weekend周末；day天；night晚上。根据“spent her evening hours doing something for someone else”可知是每天晚上。故选D。
33．句意：重要的是我要倾听。
listen听；talk谈话；call打电话；help帮助。根据“but mostly I just listen as she describes a walk she took”可知重要的是妈妈倾听这些老人。故选A。
34．句意：我十六岁的时候，不明白为什么母亲愿意晚上和陌生人说话。
neighbors邻居；strangers陌生人；friends朋友；children孩子们。根据“But you don’t even know these people”可知不认识那些人，是陌生人。故选B。
35．句意：有些人甚至没有停下来喘口气。
time时间；answer回答；voice声音；breath呼吸。根据“Some people didn’t even stop to catch”可知一些人一直在说话，没有停下来喘气。故选D。
36．句意：你为什么在乎她甜点是饼干还是大米布丁？
When什么时候；How如何；What什么；Why为什么。根据“do you care whether she had cookies or rice pudding for dessert”可知此处是询问她为什么关心这个问题。故选D。
37．句意：我是她今天唯一说话的人。
only唯一的；wrong错的；past过去的；usual通常的。根据“person she talked to today”可知是今天唯一和她说话的人。故选A。
38．句意：我花了三十多年的时间才完全理解母亲的话的含义。
simply仅仅；carefully认真地；fully充分地；wisely明智地。根据“understand the meaning of my mother’s words”可知是完全理解妈妈的话。故选C。
39．句意：现在，当我母亲快八十岁的时候，我发现自己想起了她过去每晚打的电话。
decisions决定；calls打电话；dreams梦想；mistakes错误。根据“I am going to telephone seniors”可知妈妈是晚上打电话。故选B。
40．句意：我意识到母亲的电话是生命线，它确保足不出户的老年人与世界保持联系。
realized意识到；wondered想知道；confirmed确认；supposed认为。根据“that my mother’s calls were life lines, which made sure housebound seniors to keep in touch with the world.”可知是意识到妈妈让足不出户的老年人与世界保持联系。故选A。
Passage 5
（2024·江苏无锡·一模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
I was nine when my father first sent me flowers. I had been taking tap-dancing lessons for six months, and the school was holding its yearly performance. As a member of the beginners’ chorus line, I was 41 of my lowly status (地位). So it was a surprise to have my name called out at the end of the show along with the lead 42 and to find my arms full of red roses. I can still feel myself standing on that stage, blushing (脸红) and gazing out at the audience, seeing my father’s grin as he clapped his hands 43 .
As the years passed, other occasions—birthdays, awards, graduations—were 44 with Dad’s flowers. Dad’s flowers represented his pride, and my success. When I graduated from college, I began a new career and was engaged to be married.
With time passing by, my luck grew. My father slowly became 45 , but his gifts of flowers continued 46 he died of a heart attack a few months before his 70th birthday. I covered his coffin with the largest, reddest roses I could find.
Often in the following years since, I have wanted to go out and buy a big bunch to fill the living room, but I 47 did. I knew it would not be the same.
Then one birthday, the door bell rang. I was feeling 48 because I was alone. My son, Matt, had run out earlier with a “see you later”, without mentioning my birthday. So I was surprised to see his large body at the door. “Forgot my key,” he said, shrugging. “Forgot your birthday, too. Well, I hope you like flowers.” He pulled a bunch of dairies from 49 his back. “Oh, Matt,” I 50 , hugging him hard, “I love flowers!”
41．A．tired B．proud C．afraid D．aware
42．A．readers B．winners C．dancers D．teachers
43．A．loudly B．carefully C．politely D．quietly
44．A．covered B．marked C．left D．impressed
45．A．busy B．unhappy C．careless D．weak
46．A．until B．after C．while D．since
47．A．always B．sometimes C．often D．never
48．A．nervous B．worried C．sad D．scared
49．A．behind B．before C．between D．beside
50．A．looked B．asked C．cried D．doubted
【答案】
41．D 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．D 48．C 49．A 50．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在作者成长的过程中，父亲的鲜花一直陪伴着作者，给作者带来了很大的安慰，父亲的爱一直伴随着作者的成长；而在父亲去世时，作者将鲜花盖在父亲的灵柩上，以表达对父亲无限的不舍与思念。
41．句意：作为初学者合唱团的一员，我意识到自己的地位低。
tired累的；proud自豪的；afraid害怕的；aware意识到的。be aware of“意识到”，此处指作者意识到自己的地位低。故选D。
42．句意：在表演结束时，我的名字能和首席舞者一起被喊出来，怀里抱着红玫瑰，我感到无比惊喜。
readers读者；winners赢家；dancers舞者；teachers教师。根据“I had been taking tap-dancing lessons for six months”可知，是和首席舞者的名字一起被喊出来。故选C。
43．句意：我仍然能感觉到自己站在舞台上，脸红了，凝视着观众，看到父亲大声拍手时的笑容。
loudly大声地；carefully仔细地；politely有礼貌地；quietly安静地。根据“seeing my father’s grin as he clapped his hands...”可知，父亲很开心，所以鼓掌声音应该很大。故选A。
44．句意：随着岁月的流逝，其他场合——生日、颁奖典礼、毕业典礼都用爸爸的鲜花来纪念。
covered覆盖；marked标记；left离开；impressed使印象深刻。根据“Dad’s flowers represented his pride, and my success.”可知，此处指生日、获奖、毕业这些场合都伴随着父亲的鲜花，所以是用鲜花来标记。故选B。
45．句意：我父亲慢慢变得虚弱……。
busy忙碌的；unhappy不开心的；careless粗心的；weak虚弱的。根据“...he died of a heart attack a few months before his 70th birthday.”可知，父亲渐渐变得虚弱。故选D。
46．句意：我父亲慢慢变得虚弱，但他的鲜花礼物一直持续到他70岁生日前几个月因心脏病发作去世。
until直到；after在……之后；while当……时；since自从。根据“but his gifts of flowers continued...he died of a heart attack a few months before his 70th birthday.”可知，此处表示父亲的鲜花礼物一直持续到他70岁生日前。故选A。
47．句意：从那以后的几年里，我经常想出去买一大堆来填满客厅，但我从来没有这样做过。
always总是；sometimes有时；often经常；never从不。but表转折，所以此处指作者从来没有这样做过。故选D。
48．句意：我感到很难过，因为我一个人在家里。
nervous紧张的；worried担心的；sad悲伤的；scared害怕的。根据“because I was alone at home”可知，作者孤身一人在家又恰逢生日，因此很难过。故选C。
49．句意：他从他的背后拿出了一束雏菊。
behind在……后面；before在……之前；between在……之间；beside在……旁边。根据“So I was surprised to see his large body at the door.”可知，作者的儿子是从背后拿出了一束花。故选A。
50．句意：我哭道：“哦，马特，”大力地拥抱他……。
looked看起来；asked询问；cried哭；doubted怀疑。根据“hugging him hard”可知，此处作者很感动，应该是哭着说道。故选C。
Passage 6
（2023·江苏无锡·二模）Hitting heavily on the keys, I turned away from the piano, trying to fight the tears in my eyes. After an hour of 51 , I still couldn’t get the rhythm（节奏） quite right on a Mozart piece that I had to show to my piano teacher the following day. Although I tried very hard, I just couldn’t seem to play it the way it was 52 to be played.
I decided to take a break. For the most part, after a little bit of work, I could usually learn the song pretty quickly. Sadly, it was always that one song, which might have appeared simple but was difficult, that always annoyed（惹恼） me. These types of songs always made me 53 myself whether I could be a pianist.
After dinner, I decided to come back to the 54 . Placing my fingers on the keys, I chose to play the piece carefully and 55 , paying attention to hitting the correct notes instead of trying to play the piece quickly. Using this new method, I exercised a great deal of patience, something that I often had 56 with. Instead of thinking how hard the rhythm was, I thought about how I could 57 myself, little by little. Finally, I could slowly see myself getting better.
That evening, I didn’t even get the rhythm right until a week later. I 58 an important lesson—sometimes, baby steps are the best way to reach a goal. I’m a（n） 59 person who likes to think that I can get somewhere by leaps and bounds（跳跃）. 60 , in the case of piano, I couldn’t move forward and improve until I slowed down and took it one step at a time.
51．A．acting B．insisting C．singing D．practicing
52．A．allowed B．thought C．supposed D．reported
53．A．doubt B．consider C．admire D．challenge
54．A．lesson B．piano C．teacher D．room
55．A．happily B．gently C．seriously D．slowly
56．A．trouble B．fun C．experience D．influence
57．A．show B．improve C．prepare D．please
58．A．gave B．missed C．learned D．taught
59．A．proud B．impatient C．careless D．hardworking
60．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Indeed
【答案】
51．D 52．C 53．A 54．B 55．D 56．A 57．B 58．C 59．B 60．C
【导语】本文主要通过作者讲述自己练习弹钢琴的经历，想告诉读者，无论做任何事情都要一步一个脚印，欲速则不达。
51．句意：经过一个小时的练习，我仍然不能很好地掌握莫扎特的一首曲子的节奏，第二天我必须把这首曲子交给我的钢琴老师。
acting表演；insisting坚持；singing唱歌；practicing练习。根据“Hitting heavily on the keys, I turned away from the piano”可知作者在练习弹钢琴，故选D。
52．句意：尽管我非常努力，但我似乎就是不能以应有的方式弹钢琴。
allowed允许；thought认为；supposed预期；reported报道。根据“I just couldn’t seem to play it the way it was … to be played”可知不能按照作者预期的那种情况来弹钢琴，故选C。
53．句意：这种类型的歌曲总是让我怀疑自己是否能成为一个钢琴家。
doubt怀疑；consider考虑；admire羡慕；challenge挑战。根据“which might have appeared simple but was difficult, that always annoyed（惹恼）me”可知作者多次练习总是无法像之前那样很快学会，所以这让作者怀疑自己成为钢琴家的能力，故选A。
54．句意：晚饭后，我决定回到钢琴旁。
lesson课程；piano钢琴；teacher老师；room房间。根据“Placing my fingers on the keys, I chose to play the piece ”可知作者又回来继续弹钢琴，故选B。
55．句意：把我的手指放在琴键上，我选择慢慢地、仔细地弹奏这首曲子，注意敲击正确的音符，而不是试图快速地弹奏这首曲子。
happily开心地；gently温和地；seriously严肃地；slowly缓慢地。根据“instead of trying to play the piece quickly”可知尝试慢慢地，认真地弹奏，故选D。
56．句意：使用这种新方法，我锻炼了极大的耐心，这是我经常遇到的问题。
trouble困难；fun乐趣；experience经历；influence影响。根据“I exercised a great deal of patience, something that I often had… with”可知作者经常遇到的是“耐心”的问题，故选A。
57．句意：我没有去想节奏有多难，而是去想如何一点一点地提高自己 。
show展示；improve提高；prepare准备；please使满意。根据“I thought about how I could…myself, little by little”可知想着如何能一点点提高自己，故选B。
58．句意：我学到了重要的一课——有时候，一小步一小步是达成目标的最佳途径。
gave给；missed错过；learned学习；taught教。根据“an important lesson”可知学到了重要的一课，故选C。
59．句意：我是一个没有耐心的人，总觉得自己可以突飞猛进地到达某个地方。
proud骄傲的；impatient没有耐心的；careless粗心的；hardworking努力的。根据“who likes to think that I can get somewhere by leaps and bounds（跳跃）. ”可知希望能快速到达某个阶段，说明作者是一个没有耐心的人，故选B。
60．句意：然而，在钢琴方面，我不能前进和提高，直到我放慢速度，一步一个脚印。
Otherwise否则；Moreover并且；However然而；Indeed确实。根据“person who likes to think that I can get somewhere by leaps and bounds（跳跃）. ”及“in the case of piano, I couldn’t move forward and improve until I slowed down and took it one step at a time”可知前后句是转折关系，且空后由逗号隔开，所以用副词however。故选C。
Passage 7
（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As a little girl when I heard my sister talk about her life-changing term abroad in Paris, it became my goal to visit it one day. When my daily life in New Jersey seemed boring, I often 61 about walking around the streets of Paris. Luckily, with our financial (财务的) situation 62 , European travel became a reality.
Travelling to a European country with my 63 was exciting, but it would not be complete without facing problems and figuring them out.
We had just started to get 64 familiar (熟悉的) with the Paris subway system. Since using it was very difficult, we were walking slowly until we 65 the subway was about to leave. As soon as I 66 , the doors shut with my mom on the other side. I did not have my cell phone, neither of us could speak a word of 67 , and we had no idea how to connect each other. My mom and I, who were both 68 , began to knock heavily on the doors. Suddenly, a man with a very puzzled look on his face walked over to the doors and simply 69 them. My mom stepped on and we hugged 70 we just met each other for the first time in years. A huge sense of 71 washed over us. 72 , my mom and I were able to find all those tourist places we wanted to go. We began to explore the neighborhood we were staying in, such as finding our favorite breakfast café 73 walking to museums. The trip to Paris was not just 74 because of the beautiful clothes or the sidewalk cafés, but it also taught me it is okay to run into 75 when trying to explore an unfamiliar area, and if you keep working, you will improve.
61．A．talked B．worried C．heard D．dreamed
62．A．improving B．changing C．happening D．appearing
63．A．sister B．father C．mother D．brother
64．A．itself B．ourselves C．yourselves D．themselves
65．A．guessed B．realized C．remembered D．felt
66．A．got on B．rushed out C．set off D．fell over
67．A．English B．German C．Russian D．French
68．A．touched B．surprised C．worried D．excited
69．A．opened B．broke C．closed D．repaired
70．A．ever since B．as if C．even though D．so that
71．A．pride B．shame C．peace D．happiness
72．A．Finally B．Clearly C．Recently D．Suddenly
73．A．for B．or C．but D．and
74．A．relaxing B．boring C．unforgettable D．strange
75．A．surprises B．challenges C．fights D．danger
【答案】
61．D 62．A 63．C 64．B 65．B 66．A 67．D 68．C 69．A 70．B 71．D 72．A 73．D 74．C 75．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和母亲去欧洲旅游时发生的事。
61．句意：当我在新泽西的日常生活感到无聊时，我常常梦想在巴黎的街头漫步。
talked交谈；worried担心；heard听到；dreamed梦想。根据“When my daily life in New Jersey seemed boring, I often ... about walking around the streets of Paris.”可知，我对新泽西的生活感到无聊，梦想在巴黎街头散步。故选D。
62．句意：幸运的是，随着我们的财务状况的改善，欧洲旅行成为了现实。
improving提高；changing改变；happening发生；appearing出现。根据“European travel became a reality”可知，欧洲旅行实现了，可以推测我们家的财务状况改善了。故选A。
63．句意：和妈妈一起去欧洲国家旅行令人兴奋，但如果不面对问题并设法解决它们，那么这次旅行就不算完整。
sister姐姐/妹妹；father爸爸；mother妈妈；brother哥哥/弟弟。根据后文“...the doors shut with my mom on the other side.”可知，作者是和妈妈一起去欧洲的。故选C。
64．句意：我们刚刚开始熟悉巴黎的地铁系统。
itself它自己；ourselves我们自己；yourselves你们自己；themselves他们自己。根据“We had just started to get ... familiar (熟悉的) with the Paris subway system.”可知，填入的反身代词指代主语we，用ourselves。故选B。
65．句意：由于使用它非常困难，我们走得很慢，直到我们意识到地铁即将离开。
guessed猜测；realized意识到；remembered记得；felt感觉。根据“we were walking slowly until we ... the subway was about to leave.”可知，我们走得很慢，直到我们意识到地铁要开了。故选B。
66．句意：我刚上车，门就关上了，我妈妈站在另一边。
got on上车；rushed out冲出；set off出发；fell over摔倒。根据“...the doors shut with my mom on the other side.”可知，地铁门关上了，把我和妈妈隔在两边，可以推测我上地铁了。故选A。
67．句意：我没带手机，我们俩都不会说法语，也不知道如何联系对方。
English英语；German德语；Russian俄语；French法语。根据前文“the Paris subway system”可知，我们去的是法国巴黎，当地说法语。故选D。
68．句意：我和妈妈都很担心，开始使劲敲门。
touched感动的；surprised惊讶的；worried担忧的；excited兴奋的。根据“I did not have my cell phone, neither of us could speak a word of ..., and we had no idea how to connect each other.”可知，我没法联系妈妈，我们都不会说法语，感到很担忧。故选C。
69．句意：突然，一个满脸疑惑的人走到门口，轻松地打开了门。
opened打开；broke打破；closed关闭；repaired修理。根据“My mom stepped on...”可知，我妈妈迈进地铁，可以推断那个人打开了地铁门。故选A。
70．句意：我妈妈迈了上来，我们拥抱在一起，就像多年来第一次见面一样。
ever since自从；as if好像；even though尽管；so that目的是。根据“My mom stepped on and we hugged ... we just met each other for the first time in years.”可知，我们拥抱在一起，就像多年来第一次见面一样。故选B。
71．句意：一种强烈的幸福感席卷了我们。
pride自豪；shame羞耻；peace平静；happiness快乐。根据“we hugged ... we just met each other for the first time in years.”可知，我们幸福地拥抱在一起。故选D。
72．句意：最后，我和妈妈找到了所有我们想去的旅游景点。
Finally最后；Clearly清楚地；Recently最近；Suddenly突然。根据“We began to explore the neighborhood we were staying in...”可知，最后，我们去了所有想去的景点，然后开始探索住地附近。故选A。
73．句意：我们开始探索我们住地的附近，比如找到我们最喜欢的早餐咖啡馆，步行去博物馆。
for为了；or或者；but但是；and和。根据“We began to explore the neighborhood we were staying in, such as finding our favorite breakfast café ... walking to museums.”可知，我们开始探索住地附近，例举的两件事是并列关系。故选D。
74．句意：巴黎之行不仅因为漂亮的衣服或人行道边的咖啡馆而令人难忘，而且它还教会了我，在尝试探索一个陌生区域时遇到挑战是美食的，如果你继续努力，你就会进步。
relaxing令人放松的；boring令人无聊的；unforgettable难忘的；strange奇怪的。根据“because of the beautiful clothes or the sidewalk cafés”可知，巴黎的漂亮衣服和人行道边的咖啡馆令人难忘。故选C。
75．句意：巴黎之行不仅因为漂亮的衣服或人行道边的咖啡馆而令人难忘，而且它还教会了我，在尝试探索一个陌生区域时遇到挑战是美食的，如果你继续努力，你就会进步。
surprises惊喜；challenges挑战；fights打架；danger危险。根据前文可知，我和妈妈被隔在地铁两边，这是巴黎之行遇到的挑战。故选B。
Passage 8
（2024·江苏镇江·二模）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。
When I was about 12, I didn’t like a girl who liked to 96 my shortcomings (缺点). Week by week her list 97 : I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on. I tried to bear all this as long as I could. At last, I became very 98 . I ran to Daddy with tears in my eyes.
He listened to me 99 . Then he asked, “Are the things she says true or not Allen, didn’t you ever wonder 100 you’re really like Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true. Pay no attention to the other things she said.”
I did as he told me. To my great 101 , I discovered that about half the things were true. Some of them I couldn’t change (like being very thin), but a good number I could and suddenly I wanted to change. For the first time I got a 102 picture of myself.
I brought the list back to Daddy. He refused to take it. “That’s just for you,” he said. “You know better than anyone else the truth about yourself. But you have to learn to listen, not just 103 your ears in anger and feel hurt. When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Don’t close your ears. Listen to them all, 104 hear the truth and do what you know is the right thing to do.”
Daddy’s advice has 105 to me at many important moments. In my life, I’ve never had a better piece of advice.
96．A．point out B．look out C．give out D．work out
97．A．stopped B．grew C．made D．remained
98．A．angry B．happy C．excited D．worried
99．A．happily B．worriedly C．quietly D．quickly
100．A．how B．what C．when D．where
101．A．joy B．sadness C．worries D．surprise
102．A．beautiful B．clear C．good D．famous
103．A．open B．pull C．close D．wash
104．A．or B．and C．but D．so
105．A．returned B．run C．rewarded D．taught
【答案】
96．A 97．B 98．A 99．C 100．B 101．D 102．B 103．C 104．C 105．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者不喜欢总是指出自己缺点的一个女孩，但在爸爸的正确引导下，作者第一次真正认识了自己，也明白要听取别人的意见，做自己认为正确的事。
96．句意：大约12岁的时候，我不喜欢一个喜欢指出我缺点的女孩。
point out指出；look out注意；give out分发；work out解决。根据“I was very thin, I wasn’t a good student, I talked too much, I was too proud, and so on.”可知这个女孩指出了作者的缺点。故选A。
97．句意：一周接一周，她的清单越来越长：我很瘦，我不是一个好学生，我话太多，我太骄傲，等等。
stopped停止；grew增长；made制作；remained保持。根据“Week by week her list…”可知此处是说被那个女孩指出的缺点越来越多。故选B。
98．句意：最后，我变得非常生气。
angry生气的；happy快乐的；excited激动的；worried担心的。根据“I ran to Daddy with tears in my eyes.”可知作者很生气。故选A。
99．句意：他静静地听我说话。
happily快乐地；worriedly担心地；quietly安静地；quickly快速地。阅读后文可知，作者的爸爸认真地给作者提了建议，这使他受益终身，所以此处作者的爸爸在安静地听作者说话。故选C。
100．句意：艾伦，你没想过你到底是什么样的人吗？
how怎样；what什么；when什么时候；where哪里。根据“Go and make a list of everything she said and mark the points that are true.”可知此处是作者的爸爸在问作者有没有想过自己是什么样的人并建议他列一个清单。故选B。
101．句意：令我惊讶的是，我发现大约一半的缺点是真的。
joy欢乐；sadness伤心；worries担心；surprise惊讶。根据“I discovered that about half the things were true.”可知作者发现有大约一半的缺点是真的存在的，这让作者很惊讶。故选D。
102．句意：我第一次对自己有了清晰的认识。
beautiful漂亮的；clear清楚的；good好的；famous著名的。根据“I discovered that about half the things were true.”可知作者发现有大约一半的缺点是真的存在的，所以此处是说作者第一次对自己有了清晰的认识。故选B。
103．句意：但你要学会倾听，而不只是愤怒地闭上耳朵，感觉受到伤害。
open打开；pull推；close关闭；wash冲洗。根据“But you have to learn to listen, not just…your ears in anger”可知作者的爸爸告诉作者要学会倾听而不是愤怒地闭上耳朵。故选C。
104．句意：听他们所有人的意见，但要听到真相，并做你认为正确的事情。
or或者；and和；but但是；so因此。根据“When something said about you is true, you’ll find it will be of help to you. Don’t close your ears.”可知要听所有人的意见，但是要听到真相。故选C。
105．句意：在许多重要的时刻，爸爸的忠告都在我的脑海中重现。
returned回来；run跑；rewarded奖赏；taught教。根据“Daddy’s advice has…to me at many important moments.”可知在很多关键时刻，爸爸的忠告都会在作者的脑海里重现。故选A。
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