专题06 句法之感叹句、祈使句、疑问句及其它
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 2
感叹句 2
祈使句、疑问句及其它 7
中考练场 18
【题型解读】
英语感叹句：感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般用what和how开头。感叹句表示说话人的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪，由what或how引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。感叹句是历年中考常考的题型。
祈使句的构成来自陈述句的省略。祈使句变否定的方式有2种，另外要牢记1个包含祈使句的句式。
疑问句分为一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反义疑问句。陈述句通过助动词的倒装变一般疑问句，一般疑问句通过加疑问词变特殊疑问句，一般疑问句和特殊疑问句通过并列连词or变选择疑问句。陈述句+一般疑问句的省略形式构成反义疑问句。
【命题规律】
what引导的感叹句：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。
"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是：
How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is)！
如：① How cold it is today! ② How nice the pictures are!
祈使句需注意句子的动词形式，通常是动词原形或动词原形前加do、please等。另外，祈使句中的主语通常省略。
疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句等，根据句子的疑问词（如who, what, when, where, why, how等）和疑问句的语序（陈述句语序或倒装语序），确定句子的类型和意义。
其他特殊句式：可能涉及到倒装句、虚拟语气、强调句等特殊句式，考查对于语法知识和句型变换的掌握。
【解题技巧】
1.注意句子的语气和结构，如感叹句的感叹词、感叹号的使用；祈使句的动词形式和语气；疑问句的疑问词和语序。
2.熟练掌握特殊句式的构成和变换方法，如倒装句的主谓倒装、完全倒装等；虚拟语气的用法和构成规律；强调句的强调部分和结构等。
3.在解题过程中，结合上下文理解句子的含义，判断句子的类型和用途，灵活运用语法知识进行分析和推断。
（一）感叹句
【考点诠释】
考点 考向 考法/命题角度
what引导的感叹句 考点01 感叹句单选 考点02 感叹句句型转换 What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；
What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；
C. What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。
how引导的感叹句 D. How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它；
1. What + a +形容词+名词+其他成分！ What a clever boy you are!
2. What + an+元音音素开头的形容词+名词+其他成分！ What an interesting book it is!
3. What +形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ What clever boys you are!
4. What +形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ What bad news it is! What fine weather it is today!
5. What +a+形容词+具体化的抽象名词+其他成分！ What a heavy rain it is! What a great surprise it is! What a rich breakfast/ lunch it is!
6. How+形容词+其他成分！ How clever you are!
7. How+副词+其他成分！ How beautifully you dance!
8. How+形容词+ +名词+其他成分！ How good a computer we’ve bought!
9. How+主语+谓语 (动词不提前) How she dances!
10. How+主语+谓语+宾语(动词不提前) How I missed you!
11.省略感叹句中的主语和谓语 Strawberries! How nice!
【典题举隅】
1．（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）________ great fun some people from the south had in Harbin last winter! Some of them saw white snow for the first time.
A．How B．What C．What a D．How a
【答案】B
【详解】句意：去年冬天，一些南方人在哈尔滨玩得多开心啊！他们中的一些人第一次看到白色的雪。
考查感叹句。根据“great fun”可知，中心词是不可数名词fun，结合what+adj+不可数名词+主谓，此处用what，故选B。
2．（24-25九年级下·江苏南通·开学考试）________ good advice! It’s so helpful to us.
A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
【答案】C
【详解】句意：多好的建议！这对我们很有帮助。
考查感叹句。good advice中心词为advice，good作定语，修饰不可数名词advice，所以符合感叹句结构“What+形容词+不可数名词”，故选C。
3．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—There will be a new railway station in Nantong. ________ exciting news!
—Yes, it is ________ great help to us. And we’ll have another choice for travelling.
A．What; the B．What an; the C．What an; a D．What; a
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——南通将有一个新的火车站。多么激动人心的消息啊！——是的，它对我们帮助很大。这样我们就有另一种旅行方式了。
考查感叹句及冠词。the定冠词，表特指；a不定冠词，表泛指，用于以辅音音素开头的单词前。根据第一个空空后的“news”为不可数名词可知，此处为“ What+形容词+不可数名词+(主语 + 谓语)! ”结构的感叹句；根据“it is …great help to us”的语境可知，此处表示泛指的含义，空后的“great”是以辅音音素开头的单词，冠词用a。故选D。
4．（24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—________ great progress we have made in science and technology!
—We are proud of our country.
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我们在科学技术方面取得了多么大的进步啊！——我们为我们的国家感到骄傲。
考查感叹句。What+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+其他；What+a/an+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+其他；How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语+其他。根据“great progress”可知，应该用What引导，“progress”是不可数名词，前面不用冠词a或an。故选A。
5．（24-25九年级上·江苏常州·阶段练习）—_______ heavy the snow that is falling in Changzhou is! How can we go to work today
—_______ it is snowing heavily, let’s walk instead of driving.
A．What; Because B．What a; Since C．How; Since D．How; Though
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——常州下的雪可真大啊！今天我们怎么去上班？——既然雪下得很大，我们走路就不开车了。
考查感叹句和连词。What引导感叹句，后加名词短语；How引导感叹句，后加形容词或副词；because因为；since既然；though尽管。heavy是形容词，故用how引导感叹句；根据“it is snowing heavily, let’s walk instead of driving.”可知，既然下大雪，那就不开车了，用since表示显而易见的原因。故选C。
6．（21-22九年级上·江苏南通·阶段练习）—_________ great progress _________18-year-old girl with glasses has made in her English study!
—Yes, we all admire her very much.
A．What; an B．How; the C．What; the D．How; an
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这个戴眼镜的18岁女孩在英语学习上取得了多大的进步啊！——是的，我们都非常钦佩她。
考查感叹句和冠词。an不定冠词，表示泛指；the定冠词，表示确指。how引导感叹句结构是“how+形容词/副词+主语+谓语动词”，what引导感叹句结构是“what+名词+主语+谓语动词”。第一句是感叹句，其中心词是不可数名词“progress”，用“what”作引导感叹句。句中“with glasses”是定语修饰“girl”，表达确指“这个戴眼镜的18岁女孩”，用定冠词“the”。故选C。
7．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）________ big success the film ________ her novel was!
A．What a; based upon B．What; was based upon
C．What a; was based upon D．How; based upon
【答案】A
【详解】句意：根据她的小说改编的电影是多么大的成功啊！
考查感叹句。根据“big success”可知，success在此是可数名词，指“一件成功的事情”，因此应用What引导的感叹句，结构是What+a/an+形容词+名词+主谓；big以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a；再根据“ the film ... her novel ”可知，电影是根据她的小说改编的，过去分词短语，作后置定语，修饰名词the film。故选A。
8．（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—________ great progress Amy has made!
—Yes. That’s all because of her hard work.
A．How a B．What a C．How D．What
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——艾米取得了多大的进步啊！——是的。这都是因为她的努力工作。
考查感叹句。How a（错误搭配）；What a后接单数可数名词；How修饰形容词、副词；What后接形容词+不可数名词/名词复数。根据“...great progress Amy has made!”可知，句子为感叹句，且progress为不可数名词，需用What引导感叹句，排除A和C，此处符合“What+形容词（great）+不可数名词（progress）+主语（Amy）+谓语（has made）!”的结构。故选D。
9．（23-24九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—Tom has got a full mark in his Chemistry again.
—Yes. ________ great progress he has made this term!
A．What B．How C．What a D．How a
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——汤姆的化学又得了满分。——是的。这学期他取得了多大的进步啊！
考查感叹句。中心词progress是不可数名词，用what引导的感叹句结构：what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓，故选A。
10．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—_________ great progress she’s made in the past months!
— Exactly. Her dream is to attend __________ university in the future.
A．What a; an B．How; an C．How; a D．What; /
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——在过去的几个月里她取得了多么大的进步啊！——没错。她的梦想是在未来进入一所大学。
考查感叹句和冠词。a/an是不定冠词，表示泛指，a用在辅音音素开头的单词前，an用在元音音素开头的单词前。what a后接可数名词单数，what后接名词复数或不可数名词，how后接形容词或副词。 第一空great progress为不可数名词，前面用what；第二空为泛指，表述数量一，attend university“上大学”。故选D。
11．（24-25七年级上·全国·课后作业）— ________ wonderful news! The famous player came to Beijing to play a friendly football match with Australian team on June 18.
— Yes, we were all very excited about it.
A．What a B．What C．How a D．How
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——多么棒的消息！这位运动员于6月18日来到北京与澳大利亚队进行了一场友谊足球赛。——是的，我们对此都感到非常兴奋。
考查感叹句。根据“...wonderful news!”可知，感叹句的中心词为不可数名词news，故应用what引导的感叹句，结构为What+形容词+不可数名词+主谓!。故选B。
12．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ amazing magic show I saw yesterday!
A．How B．What C．What an D．What a
【答案】C
【详解】句意：昨天我看了一场多么精彩的魔术表演啊！
考查感叹句的用法。此句中心词是可数名词单数show，形容词amazing是元音音素开头，an符合句意，用what引导，句型为“what+a/an+adj+名词+主谓”。故选C。
13．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic.
—Exactly. I simply can’t wait!
A．How B．What C．How a D．What a
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——多好的天气啊！这很适合去野餐。 ——确实不错。我简直等不及了！
考查感叹句。根据“fine weather”可知，中心词weather是不可数名词，结合what+adj.+不可数名词+（主谓）可知，what符合句式结构，故选B。
14．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. ________ exciting the news is!
A．How B．How an C．What D．What an
【答案】A
【详解】句意：C919是中国自制的大型飞机，目前正在使用中。这个消息多么令人兴奋啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是形容词exciting，用结构how adj.+主谓。故选A。
15．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________ it was to see the main sights of the world in the World Park!
A．How amazing day B．How an amazing day
C．What amazing day D．What an amazing day
【答案】D
【详解】句意：在世界公园里看到世界的主要景点是多么美妙的一天啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数day，用感叹句结构：What a/an adj. n.+主谓。故选D。
（二）祈使句、一般疑问句、反义疑问句及其它
【考点诠释】
陈述句（肯定与否定）
1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)
Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.
2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)
Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.
2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)
The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.
3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)
Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.
一般疑问句
1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）
______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike
2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）
____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？
2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）
______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food
注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。
特殊疑问句
what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy.
1. how far: 距离、路程（多远） 2. how long: 物体长度、时间长度（信号词：for+时间段） 3. how often：时间频率，信号词：once a year, twice a week等 4. how many times: 对具体次数提问 5. how soon：“过多久”， 信号词：in＋一段时间 6.How much对价格提出疑问。 1. How far is it from your home to your school 2. How long is that ruler How long have you stayed in Shanghai 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month -Three times -How soon will you come back -In 2 hours. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater
反义疑问句
前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he
前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he
前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)
His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____
4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）
There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？
否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he
几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we 2. Don't do that again, will you 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we
注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______ A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it
注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't
注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。 例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)
He's already finished his homework, ______ _____
②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)
He's already a little weak in English,______ _____
【典题举隅】
1．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）— I hear car accidents sometimes happen in school yards.
— Luckily, there are laws that ________ people to drive after drinking alcohol.
A．doesn’t allow B．don’t allow C．isn’t allowed D．aren’t allowed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我听说校园里有时会发生车祸。——幸运的是，有些法律不允许人们酒后驾车。
考查时态。句子是that引导的定语从句，先行词“law”与动词之间是主动关系，故此处不用被动结构，先行词是复数名词，从句动词应用原形，否定用助动词don’t，故选B。
2．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Shall we meet at the zoo gate at 8 a.m.
—In fact we needn’t. It ________ until 9 a.m.
A．doesn’t open B．opens C．didn’t open D．opened
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我们上午8点在动物园门口见面好吗？——事实上，我们没有必要。直到上午9点才开门。
考查not...until及时态。根据“In fact we needn’t. It ... until 9 a.m.”可知，没必要八点到，因为动物园直到九点才开门，not...until“直到……才”，时态为一般现在时。故选A。
3．（24-25九年级上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）—The movie The Wandering Earth 2 hits screens these days.
—Oh, what a pity! I ________ it yet.
A．won’t watch B．didn’t watch C．don’t watch D．haven’t watched
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——电影《流浪地球2》最近上映。——太遗憾了！我还没看呢。
考查时态。由句中“yet”知，此句应用现在完成时，表示还没有看这部电影，其构成为“has/have+过去分词”，故选D。
4．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）Be patient with these teenagers! Give them more time, ______ they will find the answer to the question on their own.
A．but B．or C．and D．so
【答案】C
【详解】句意：对这些青少年保持耐心！给他们更多的时间，他们会自己找到问题的答案。
考查连词辨析。but但是；or否则；and那么；so所以。根据“they will find the answer to the question on their own”是“Give them more time”条件成立的结果可知，设空处前后构成顺承发展关系，应该用and连接。故选C。
5．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）—My train to Shanghai leaves at half past three this afternoon.
—Oh, you have just one hour to go to the station. Hurry up, ________ you’ll miss your train.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我去上海的火车今天下午三点半发车。——哦，你只有一个小时去车站。快点，否则你会错过你的火车。
考查并列连词辨析。and并且；but但是；so所以；or否则。根据“Hurry up…you’ll miss your train.”可知，此处指快点，否则你会错过你的火车，应用“祈使句+or+陈述句”结构。故选D。
6．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Life is like a race sometimes. Move forward, ________ you may fall behind.
A．and B．so C．or D．but
【答案】C
【详解】句意：生活有时像一场比赛。向前走，否则你可能会落后。
考查连词辨析。and那么；so所以；or否则；but但是。根据“Move forward...you may fall behind.”可知，此处为“祈使句+and/or+简单句”结构，前后构成转折关系，C选项符合语境。故选C。
7．（23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Be patient! Give him more time, ________ he will work out the answer to the question on his own.
A．but B．or C．and D．so
【答案】C
【详解】句意：耐心点！给他更多的时间，他会自己找到问题的答案。
考查连词辨析。but但是；or否则；and和；so所以。该句考查句型“祈使句+and+句子”，前后句之间表示顺承发展关系时，填and。故选C。
8．（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）Don’t go swimming alone, ________ you will be in danger.
A．and B．or C．but D．so
【答案】B
【详解】句意：不要单独一人去游泳，否则你就会处于危险。
考查连词辨析。and和；or否则；but但是；so所以。根据“Don’t go swimming alone..you will be in danger.”可知不要一个人去游泳，否则会处于危险中。故选B。
9．（23-24九年级上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）—Let’s go to the dragon boat race, ________ we’ll miss the fun of the festival.
—That sounds great.
A．but B．so C．or D．unless
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我们去看赛龙舟吧，否则我们将会错失节日的乐趣。——听起来很棒。
考查连词辨析。but但是；so所以；or否则；unless除非。根据“Let’s go to the dragon boat race…we’ll miss the fun of the festival.”可知，句子的句式为“祈使句+or+陈述句”，or“否则，不然”表示在以祈使句为条件下的相反假设，表示“一起去看龙舟赛，不然就错失了节日乐趣”。故选C。
10．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Growing up is not easy, Tom. ________ calm when you’re facing serious problems in life.
A．Staying B．Stays C．Stay D．To stay
【答案】C
【详解】句意：长大不容易，汤姆。当你面临生活中的严重问题时，要保持冷静。
考查祈使句。分析句子结构可知，空处所在句为祈使句，以动词原形开头。故选C。
11．（2024九年级·江苏·专题练习）Working hard, ________ you will succeed.
A．or B．and C．because D．for
【答案】B
【详解】句意：努力工作，你就会成功的。
考查连词辨析。or否则；and和；because因为；for因为。根据“Working hard, ...you will succeed.”可知，此处是“祈使句+and/or+陈述句”结构，前后是顺承关系，应用and连接，故选B。
12．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Stand over there, ________ you will be able to see the map better.
A．but B．and C．or D．while
【答案】B
【详解】句意：站在那边，你就能把地图看得清楚些。
考查连词辨析。but但是；and和；or否则；while当……的时候。分析句子可知，本句为“祈使句+and/or陈述句”，and表示前后之间是肯定的结果，or表示前后之间是否定的不利的结果。“Stand over there”和“you will be able to see the map better”之间是肯定的结果，表示“站在那边就能看清”，故选B。
13．（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）—________ is it from Suqian to Suzhou
—It’s about three hours’ ride by high-speed train.
A．How far B．How soon C．How long D．How often
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——从宿迁到苏州有多远？——坐高铁大约需要三个小时。
考查特殊疑问句。How far多远；How soon多久以后；How long多长；How often多久一次。根据“It’s about three hours’ ride by high-speed train.”可知，此处是问距离多远。故选A。
14．（2025·江苏南通·一模）—________ does your father go to the fitness centre
—Twice a week.
A．How soon B．How often C．How long D．How far
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你爸爸多久去一次健身中心？——每周两次。
考查特殊疑问句。How soon多快；How often多久一次；How long多长时间；How far多远。根据答语“Twice a week.”可知应是询问频率，疑问词用how often。故选B。
15．（24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）—________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing
—It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train.
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——从南京到北京有多远？——乘高铁大约四小时的车程。
考查疑问词辨析。How long多长，多久，询问长度或时间段；How far多远，询问距离；How soon多久，询问一个事件或活动从现在开始要多久才能发生；How often多久一次，询问行为发生的频率。根据答语“It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train.”可知，此处是在对距离提问，所以应该用How far。故选B。
16．（24-25九年级下·江苏泰州·开学考试）—Your parents hardly have any free time for you, ______
—______. They are busy with their business all the time.
A．do they; Yes B．do they; No C．don’t they; Yes D．don’t they; No
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你父母几乎没有时间陪你，是吗？——是的。他们一直忙于他们的生意。
考查反意疑问句及回答。陈述部分“hardly”表示否定意义，因此反意疑问句需要用肯定形式“do they”；回答时应根据事实情况，句中“They are busy with their business all the time”表明父母没有空闲时间，对此用否定回答“是的（他们没有空闲时间）”，即“No”。故选B。
17．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—Excuse me, ________ can you finish the project for the Reading Club
—Sometime next week. I will present it to you as soon as it’s finished.
A．how much B．how far C．how often D．how soon
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——请问，你们多久能完成读书俱乐部的项目？——下周某个时候。我一完成就向你展示。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少；How far多远；How often 多久一次；How soon还要多久。答语“Sometime next week”表示在未来的时间点，应用how soon。故选D。
18．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）—________ are you going to travel to Harbin
—I’m not sure yet. Maybe by plane.
A．What B．When C．Where D．How
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你打算怎么去哈尔滨？——我还不确定。也许乘飞机。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；When什么时候；Where哪里；How如何。根据“Maybe by plane.”可以，此处是对方式提问，how符合语境。故选D。
19．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Nancy, ________ do you know about Baiju
—It is an amazing opera which is praised as “Treasure of Nanjing”.
A．how much B．how often C．how long D．how soon
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——南希，你对白局了解多少？——这是令人惊叹的歌剧，被誉为“南京的瑰宝”。
考查特殊疑问句。how much多少；how often多久一次；how long多长时间；how soon多久以后。结合“It is an amazing opera which is praised as ‘Treasure of Nanjing’”可知，这里是询问对白局了解多少。故选A。
20．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末）—________ do the police catch criminals
—Perhaps by fingerprinting. It is one of the most common methods.
A．What B．When C．How D．Why
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——警察是怎么抓罪犯的？——或许通过指纹识别。这是最常见的方法之一。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；When什么时候；How怎样；Why为什么。根据“Perhaps by fingerprinting.”可知此处是问警察抓罪犯的方式，应用how提问。故选C。
21．（24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）— David, could you tell me ________ the Olympic Games take place
— Every four years. The 34th Olympic Games will take place in USA in 2028.
A．how far B．how long C．how much D．how often
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——大卫，你能告诉我奥运会多久举行一次吗？——每四年举行一次。第34届奥运会将于2028年在美国举行。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远，对距离提问；how long多长时间，对时间段提问； how much多少钱，对价格提问； how often多久一次，对频率提问。根据“Every four years”可知，此处是对频率提问。故选D。
22．（24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）—Tom is always ready to help others.
—________. He often helps me with my Chemistry.
A．So he is B．So he does C．So is he D．So does he
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——汤姆总是乐于助人。——确实如此。他经常帮助我学习化学。
考查倒装句。So he is他的确是这样；So he does他的确是这样；So is he他也是；So does he他也是。根据“He often helps me with my Chemistry.”可知，此处表示赞同对方的观点，指确实如此；根据“Tom is always ready to help others.”可知，此处用be动词is。故选A。
23．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—I’ ve never been to Disneyland, Judy.
—______ . I hope I can go with you this coming winter holiday.
A．So have I B．Neither am I C．Neither have I D．So I have
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我从未去过迪士尼乐园，朱迪。 ——我也没去过。我希望这个寒假能和你一起去。
考查倒装句。So have I我也去过，用于肯定句的附和；Neither am I我也不是，用于否定句的附和；Neither have I我也没去过，用于否定句的附和；So I have语法错误，不符合英语表达习惯。根据“I’ ve never been to Disneyland, Judy... I hope I can go with you...”可知此处表示否定“我也没去过”，上一句的助动词是have，因此该句的助动词也要用have的相应形式。故选C。
24．（24-25九年级上·江苏南通·期末）— I don’t like watching short videos on these boring apps.
—_______. Many short videos are of no value.
A．You are wrong B．I don’t agree C．So do I D．Neither do I
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我不喜欢在这些无聊的应用程序上看短视频。——我也不喜欢。许多短视频都没有价值。
考查情景交际。You are wrong你错了；I don’t agree我不同意；So do I我也是；Neither do I我也不。根据“Many short videos are of no value.”可知，后者认为短视频没有价值，与前者的观点一致，因此可以表达自己也不喜欢，用“Neither do I”。故选D。
25．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—He’s seldom asked to make dinner at home. What about you
—________. But we must do it to develop our living skills.
A．So have I B．Neither I have C．Neither am I D．So I am
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——他很少被要求在家做晚饭。你呢？——我也没有。但我们必须这样做来培养我们的生活技能。
考查倒装句。根据“He’s seldom asked to make dinner at home.”以及“But we must do it to develop our living skills.”可知，此处是指我也没有被要求在家做晚饭，应用“Neither+助动词/情态动词/be动词+主语”结构；由“He’s”是He is的缩写可知，时态是一般现在时，答语的主语是I，助动词应用am。故选C。
26．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）— I don’t like to get up late every morning.
— ______. I think taking exercise in the morning is good for our health.
A．So do I B．So I do C．Neither do I D．Neither I do
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我不喜欢每天早上晚起。——我也不喜欢。我认为早上锻炼对我们的健康有好处。
考查倒装句。“So+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”表示“……也一样”，用于肯定句；“Neither+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”表示“……也不”，用于否定句。根据“I don’t like...”可知，是否定句，所以这里要用“Neither+助动词+主语”的结构，上句助动词是“do”，所以应是“Neither do I”。故选C。
27．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）—I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework _________.
— If you don’t go, _________.
A．doing; so do I B．to do; nor will I
C．done; so will I D．to do; neither am I
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——我很想和你一起去远足，但我还有很多作业要做。——如果你不去，我也不去。
考查不定式结构和倒装句。第一空用动词不定式结构作后置定语修饰名词，所以A/C不对。第二空所在的句子，if引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。答语句意为“如果你不去，我也（将）不去。”表示否定的相同情况用neither/nor引导倒装句。故选B。
28．（24-25九年级上·江苏南通·阶段练习）—Your classmates haven’t watched the new film directed by an internationally renowned director yet, _______
—________. But we plan to watch it this weekend.
A．haven’t they; So will I B．have they; So have I
C．haven’t they; Neither will I D．have they; Neither have I
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你的同学们还没有看过国际知名导演的这部新电影，对吗？——我也没有。但是我们计划这周末看。
考查反意疑问句和倒装句。分析第一句句式结构，可知为反意疑问句。陈述部分为否定句，后面的疑问部分应为肯定形式，排除AC两项；根据“But we plan to watch it this weekend.”可知“我”也没看，需用“neither”构成倒装句。句型结构为“Neither+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语”，表示“……也不”，故选D。
29．（23-24九年级上·江苏镇江·期末）—Lily’s never late for school.
—________! They are always the first to get to school.
A．So is Lucy B．So has Lucy C．Neither is Lucy D．Neither has Lucy
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——莉莉上学从不迟到。 ——露西也从不！他们总是第一个到学校。
考查倒装句。So is Lucy露西也是如此；So has Lucy露西也是如此；Neither is Lucy露西也从不；Neither has Lucy露西也从不。根据“They are always the first to get to school.”可知，此处是指他们是第一个到校，也就是说Lucy也从不迟到，应用neither引导倒装句，即：Neither +情态动词/助动词/be动词+主语，表示前面的否定情况也适用于后者，排除A和B；再根据“Lily’s never late for school.”可知，此处“Lily’s”为“Lily”和“is”的缩写，答句应用“is”，排除D。故选C。
30．（24-25九年级上·江苏盐城·期中）—I’m afraid I can’t go to attend his birthday party for I have no time on that day.
—_________. One of my friends is to see me.
A．Neither do I B．Neither can I C．So will I D．So I can
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——恐怕我不能去参加他的生日聚会，因为那天我没有时间。——我也不能。我的一个朋友要来看我。
考查倒装句。根据题干“I’m afraid I can’t go to attend his birthday party”以及“One of my friends is to see me.”可知，此空应表示“我也不能”，结构为“neither/nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语”；因为是情态动词can的否定，所以用B项“Neither can I”正确。故选B。
1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—________ do you walk your dog every day, Bob
—For about half an hour.
A．How much B．How long C．How often D．How many
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——鲍勃，你每天遛狗多久？——大约半个小时。
考查特殊疑问句。how much多少钱；how long多长时间；how often多久一次；how many多少。根据“For about half an hour.”可知此处询问时间段，疑问词用how long。故选B。
2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）—________ do the notebooks cost
—They are five yuan each.
A．How much B．How many C．How often D．How long
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这些笔记本多少钱？——每本五元。
考查特殊疑问句。How much多少钱，提问价格；How many多少，修饰可数名词；How often 多久一次，提问频率；How long 多长时间，提问一段时间。根据回答“They are five yuan each.”可知，问句是询问价格，用How much提问。故选A。
3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Fanfan, _______ do you read books after school every day
—For about one hour. And I often write down my ideas while reading.
A．how far B．how long C．how often D．how soon
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——樊凡，你每天放学后读书多长时间？——大约一个小时。我经常在阅读时写下我的想法。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远，对距离提问；how long多久，对时间段提问；how often多久一次，对频率提问；how soon多久，对将来时间提问。根据答语“For about one hour.”可知，对时间段提问，用how long。故选B。
4．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic.
—Exactly. I simply can’t wait!
A．How B．What C．How a D．What a
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——多好的天气啊！这很适合去野餐。 ——确实不错。我简直等不及了！
考查感叹句。根据“fine weather”可知，中心词weather是不可数名词，结合what+adj.+不可数名词+（主谓）可知，what符合句式结构，故选B。
5．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）—______ is it from Changzhou to Beijing
—It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train.
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——从常州到北京有多远？——坐高铁大约需要4个小时。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多久；how far多远；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次。根据答语“It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train”可知，对距离提问用疑问词how far，故选B。
6．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题） _______ amazing activity! I will never forget the charity show.
A．How B．What C．How an D．What an
【答案】D
【详解】句意：多么令人惊叹的活动啊！我永远不会忘记这个慈善演出。
考查感叹句。本句中心词“activity”是名词，用what引导感叹句，可排除AC选项；符合what an +adj.+n.结构，amazing是元音音素开头的单词，冠词用an。故选D。
7．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）— May, _______ is the e-mail from
— A new friend. His name is Mike and he lives in Newcastle.
A．who B．how C．when D．what
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——梅，这封电子邮件是谁发的？——一个新朋友。他叫迈克，住在纽卡斯尔。
考查特殊疑问句。who谁；how如何，怎样；when当……的时候；what什么。根据答语“A new friend.”可知，此处指人，用who提问。故选A。
8．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）—The 10th Reading Festival is being held in your school. _______ does it last
—About fourteen days.
A．How often B．How far C．How soon D．How long
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——第十届读书节正在贵校举行。它能持续多长时间？——大约十四天。
考查疑问副词和形容词。how often“多久一次”；how far“多远”；how soon“多久”；how long“多长时间”；对一段时间About fourteen days提问用how long“多久”，故选D。
9．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ is the girl wearing a scarf Is she your sister
A．Who B．Which C．What D．Where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：戴围巾的女孩是谁？她是你姐姐吗？
考查特殊疑问句。Who谁；Which哪一个；What什么；Where在哪里。根据“Is she your sister ”可知，此处询问戴围巾的女孩是谁，对人提问应用who。故选A。
10．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. ________ exciting the news is!
A．How B．How an C．What D．What an
【答案】A
【详解】句意：C919是中国自制的大型飞机，目前正在使用中。这个消息多么令人兴奋啊！
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是形容词exciting，用结构how adj.+主谓。故选A。
11．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Mr Wu, ________ can I keep the guitar
—For five days.
A．how often B．how soon C．how long D．how much
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——吴先生，这把吉他我能保存多久？——五天。
考查特殊疑问句。how often多久一次；how soon多久之后；how long多长时间；how much多少钱。根据“For five days”可知此处询问时间段，疑问词用how long。故选C。
12．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel
—It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.
A．how far B．how long C．how soon D．how much
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——对不起，庚戌剧院离这家旅馆有多远？——如果你坐出租车大约需要十分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。how far多远；how long多长时间；how soon多久之后；how much多少钱。根据“It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.”可知此处询问距离，疑问词用how far。故选A。
13．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—China won all the gold medals at the 2023 World Table Tennis Championships.
—______ exciting news!
A．What a B．How a C．How D．What
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——中国包揽了2023年世乒赛的所有金牌。——多么令人兴奋的消息啊！
考查感叹句，感叹句的中心词news是不可数名词，此处用“What+形容词+不可数名词”结构。故选D。
14．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ is your hometown I can’t find it anywhere on the map.
A．What B．Which C．When D．Where
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你的家乡在哪里？我在地图上找不到它。
考查特殊疑问句。What什么；Which哪一个；When什么时候；Where哪里。根据“I can’t find it anywhere on the map.”可知，此处指询问家乡的位置，应用where提问。故选D。
15．（2017·江苏连云港·中考真题）— ________ do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day
—At least one hour.
A．How often B．How long C．How much D．How far
【答案】B
【详解】句意： ——每天你们学校的学生们户外运动多长时间？——至少一个小时。
考查特殊疑问句。How often多久一次；How long多长时间；How much多少钱；How far多远。根据“At least one hour” 可知，对方询问的是多长时间。故选B。
16．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）________ good book you offered us! It really helps us a lot.
A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你给了我们一本多么好的书啊！这对我们帮助很大。
考查感叹句。本句强调的中心词是可数名词单数book，用“What a/an+adj+可数名词单数+主谓！”结构，故选D。
17．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）— ________ do you visit your grandparents, Simon
— Twice a month.
A．How often B．How soon C．How long D．How much
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——西蒙，你多久去看一次你的祖父母？——一个月两次。
考查特殊疑问句。How often多长时间一次；How soon还要多久；How long多长；How much多少。根据“Twice a month”可知，对频率副词提问，how often符合句意，故选A。
18．（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）—________ is the fashion show
—In the school hall. The purpose of it is to raise money for a charity.
A．Where B．When C．How D．Which
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——时装表演在哪里？——在学校大厅里。其目的是为慈善机构筹集资金。
考查特殊疑问句。Where在哪里；When什么时候；How如何；Which哪一个。根据“In the school hall.”可知，此处是询问地点。故选A。
19．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）—________ does your school organize an English Reading Festival
—Once a term.
A．How often B．How old C．How long D．How soon
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你们学校多久组织一次英语阅读节？——一学期一次。
考查特殊疑问句。 How often多久一次；How old多大；How long多长；How soon多久。根据答语“Once a term.”可知，此处对频率进行提问，故选A。
20．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn’t know. When ________
A．has he left B．was he leaving C．did he leave D．will he leave
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Daniel去北京出差了。——哦，我不知道。他什么时候离开的？
考查动词时态。根据“Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.”可知，“离开”的动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，疑问句借助于助动词did，故选C。
21．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—I love this T-shirt. ________ does it cost
—50 yuan. Why not try it on
A．How long B．How often C．How old D．How much
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我喜欢这件T恤。它要多少钱？——50元。为什么不试穿一下呢？
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间，对一段时间提问；How often多久一次，对频率提问；How old多大，对年龄提问；How much多少钱，对价格提问。根据“50 yuan.”可知，此处是提问价格，用How much。故选D。
22．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）— ________ did the online concert begin
— You didn’t miss anything. It has just begun.
A．When B．Where C．What D．Why
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——在线音乐会什么时候开始的？——你没有错过任何东西。这才刚刚开始。
考查特殊疑问句。when什么时候；where在哪里；what什么；why为什么。根据“You didn’t miss anything. It has just begun.”可知，此处应该询问的是时间，即什么时候开始的。故选A。
23．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）—________ is China Tiangong space station from us
—About 400 kilometers above the earth.
A．How much B．How often C．How far D．How long
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——中国天宫空间站离我们有多远？——距地球约400公里。
考查特殊疑问词。How much多少；How often多久一次；How far多远；How long多长。根据“About 400 kilometers above the earth.”可知问的是距离，故选C。
24．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）________ clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.
A．What B．How a C．How D．What a
【答案】D
【详解】句意：基蒂是一个多么聪明的女孩啊！她可以想出一些有创意的方法来完成这个项目。
考查感叹句。句子是感叹句，中心词是单数可数名词girl，符合结构“What+a/an+adj+单数名词+主谓!”。故选D。
25．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Tell me, Grandma. ________ is your favourite person in the whole wide world
—That’s easy! It’s you!
A．What B．Who C．How D．Whom
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——爷爷，告诉我，全世界你最喜欢的人是谁？——这很简单。是你！
考查特殊疑问词。What什么；Who谁；How怎样；Whom谁。根据“It’s you”可知上文询问人，且疑问词在句中作主语，用疑问代词who。故选B。
26．（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）—________ do you play volleyball, Amy
—Three days a week.
A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How much
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——Amy，你多久打一次排球？——一周三天。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多久；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次；how much多少。根据答语“Three days a week”可知，对频率进行提问，用how often引导特殊疑问句，故选C。
27．（2017·江苏淮安·中考真题）— It is raining again. We haven’t seen the sun for weeks.
— ________ weather it is!
A．What good B．What bad C．How good D．How bad
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——又下雨了。我们好几个星期没见到太阳了。——多么糟糕的天气！
考查感叹句以及形容词辨析。good好的；bad糟糕的。根据“It is raining again. We haven’t seen the sun for weeks”可知，天气很糟糕，感叹句的中心词weather是不可数名词，用what+形容词+不可数名词+主谓的结构，故选B。
28．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）—________ is it from your school to your home
—It’s about 10 minutes’ walk.
A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How much
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——从你的学校到你家有多远？——步行大约十分钟。
考查特殊疑问句。How far多远；How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How much多少（钱）。结合语境和答句可知，作者问对方学校到家的距离有多远，所以用How far来提问。故选A。
29．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）________ great scientist Yuan Longping is! He spent all his life on the research of rice.
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
【答案】B
【详解】句意：袁隆平是一位多么伟大的科学家啊！他毕生致力于水稻研究。
考查感叹句。中心词scientist是可数名词单数形式，此处用what+a+形容词+名词单数形式+主谓的结构，故选B。
30．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ are you doing here, baby You must go to bed. It’s late.
A．What B．Who C．When D．Where
【答案】A
【详解】句意：你在这里干什么，宝贝？你必须去睡觉。已经很晚了。
考查特殊疑问词辨析。What什么；Who谁；When什么时候；Where哪里。根据句中的动词“doing”可知，空处应是what，什么，作宾语。故选A。
31．（2021·江苏南通·中考真题）—________ does May look like
—She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and long straight hair.
A．How B．What C．Which D．Who
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——梅长什么样？——她是一个漂亮的女孩，有一双明亮的大眼睛和一头长长的直发。
考查特殊疑问句。How怎样；What什么；Which哪个；Who谁；根据回答“She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and long straight hair.”可知，此处是问外貌长相，结构是What....look like，故选B。
32．（2021·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—________ nice music lesson Mrs Wu gave us today!
—Yes. We enjoyed it very much.
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——吴太太今天给我们上了多么好的一节音乐课！——是的。我们都非常喜欢。
考查感叹句。“nice music lesson”是名词，用“what （a/an +形容词）+名词+主语+谓语动词”的结构。“lesson”是可数名词，“nice”是辅音音素开头的单词。用不定冠词“a”。故选B。
33．（2021·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—________ do you go to the school library
—Twice a week.
A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How much
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你多久去一次校图书馆？——一周两次。
考查特殊疑问句。How long多长时间；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How much多少。根据答语“Twice a week.”可知，此处对频率提问，故用how often引导特殊疑问句。故选B。
34．（2021·江苏南京·中考真题）—Millie, ________ are you reading
—Camel Xiangzi, by the famous Chinese writer, Lao She.
A．who B．how C．where D．what
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——Millie，你正在读什么？——《骆驼祥子》，中国著名作家老舍的作品。
考查特殊疑问句。who谁；how怎样；where哪里；what什么。根据答语“Camel Xiangzi”可知，是询问读的什么，故选D。
35．（2021·江苏扬州·中考真题）—________ do you play basketball with your friends
— Only once a week.
A．How long B．How much C．How soon D．How often
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你多久和你的朋友打一次篮球？——一周一次。
考查特殊疑问句。how long多久，多长；how much多少；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次。根据回答“Only once a week.”可知，此处是问频率，应该用how often提问。故选D。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题06 句法之感叹句、祈使句、疑问句及其它
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 2
感叹句 2
祈使句、疑问句及其它 7
中考练场 18
【题型解读】
英语感叹句：感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般用what和how开头。感叹句表示说话人的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情绪，由what或how引导，句末用感叹号，朗读时用降调。感叹句是历年中考常考的题型。
祈使句的构成来自陈述句的省略。祈使句变否定的方式有2种，另外要牢记1个包含祈使句的句式。
疑问句分为一般疑问句，特殊疑问句，选择疑问句和反义疑问句。陈述句通过助动词的倒装变一般疑问句，一般疑问句通过加疑问词变特殊疑问句，一般疑问句和特殊疑问句通过并列连词or变选择疑问句。陈述句+一般疑问句的省略形式构成反义疑问句。
【命题规律】
what引导的感叹句：What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。
"how"引导的感叹句："how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词（被强调部分）.如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词；如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是：
How+adj.（adv.）+主语+谓语+(it is)！
如：① How cold it is today! ② How nice the pictures are!
祈使句需注意句子的动词形式，通常是动词原形或动词原形前加do、please等。另外，祈使句中的主语通常省略。
疑问句包括一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句等，根据句子的疑问词（如who, what, when, where, why, how等）和疑问句的语序（陈述句语序或倒装语序），确定句子的类型和意义。
其他特殊句式：可能涉及到倒装句、虚拟语气、强调句等特殊句式，考查对于语法知识和句型变换的掌握。
【解题技巧】
1.注意句子的语气和结构，如感叹句的感叹词、感叹号的使用；祈使句的动词形式和语气；疑问句的疑问词和语序。
2.熟练掌握特殊句式的构成和变换方法，如倒装句的主谓倒装、完全倒装等；虚拟语气的用法和构成规律；强调句的强调部分和结构等。
3.在解题过程中，结合上下文理解句子的含义，判断句子的类型和用途，灵活运用语法知识进行分析和推断。
（一）感叹句
【考点诠释】
考点 考向 考法/命题角度
what引导的感叹句 考点01 感叹句单选 考点02 感叹句句型转换 What+形容词+不可数名词/复数名词+主语+谓语+其它；
What+a+形容词（辅音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它；
C. What+an+形容词（元音音素开头）+可数名词单数+主语+谓语+其它。
how引导的感叹句 D. How+形容词或副词+主语+谓语+其它；
1. What + a +形容词+名词+其他成分！ What a clever boy you are!
2. What + an+元音音素开头的形容词+名词+其他成分！ What an interesting book it is!
3. What +形容词+复数名词+其他成分！ What clever boys you are!
4. What +形容词+不可数名词+其他成分！ What bad news it is! What fine weather it is today!
5. What +a+形容词+具体化的抽象名词+其他成分！ What a heavy rain it is! What a great surprise it is! What a rich breakfast/ lunch it is!
6. How+形容词+其他成分！ How clever you are!
7. How+副词+其他成分！ How beautifully you dance!
8. How+形容词+ +名词+其他成分！ How good a computer we’ve bought!
9. How+主语+谓语 (动词不提前) How she dances!
10. How+主语+谓语+宾语(动词不提前) How I missed you!
11.省略感叹句中的主语和谓语 Strawberries! How nice!
【典题举隅】
1．（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）________ great fun some people from the south had in Harbin last winter! Some of them saw white snow for the first time.
A．How B．What C．What a D．How a
2．（24-25九年级下·江苏南通·开学考试）________ good advice! It’s so helpful to us.
A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
3．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—There will be a new railway station in Nantong. ________ exciting news!
—Yes, it is ________ great help to us. And we’ll have another choice for travelling.
A．What; the B．What an; the C．What an; a D．What; a
4．（24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—________ great progress we have made in science and technology!
—We are proud of our country.
A．What B．What a C．What an D．How
5．（24-25九年级上·江苏常州·阶段练习）—_______ heavy the snow that is falling in Changzhou is! How can we go to work today
—_______ it is snowing heavily, let’s walk instead of driving.
A．What; Because B．What a; Since C．How; Since D．How; Though
6．（21-22九年级上·江苏南通·阶段练习）—_________ great progress _________18-year-old girl with glasses has made in her English study!
—Yes, we all admire her very much.
A．What; an B．How; the C．What; the D．How; an
7．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·阶段练习）________ big success the film ________ her novel was!
A．What a; based upon B．What; was based upon
C．What a; was based upon D．How; based upon
8．（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）—________ great progress Amy has made!
—Yes. That’s all because of her hard work.
A．How a B．What a C．How D．What
9．（23-24九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—Tom has got a full mark in his Chemistry again.
—Yes. ________ great progress he has made this term!
A．What B．How C．What a D．How a
10．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期中）—_________ great progress she’s made in the past months!
— Exactly. Her dream is to attend __________ university in the future.
A．What a; an B．How; an C．How; a D．What; /
11．（24-25七年级上·全国·课后作业）— ________ wonderful news! The famous player came to Beijing to play a friendly football match with Australian team on June 18.
— Yes, we were all very excited about it.
A．What a B．What C．How a D．How
12．（2024·西藏·中考真题）________ amazing magic show I saw yesterday!
A．How B．What C．What an D．What a
13．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic.
—Exactly. I simply can’t wait!
A．How B．What C．How a D．What a
14．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. ________ exciting the news is!
A．How B．How an C．What D．What an
15．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）________ it was to see the main sights of the world in the World Park!
A．How amazing day B．How an amazing day
C．What amazing day D．What an amazing day
（二）祈使句、一般疑问句、反义疑问句及其它
【考点诠释】
陈述句（肯定与否定）
1、谓语动词是be动词,助动词have, has, will,情态动词can，must，may，should等时，直接在这些词后面加not就构成否定形式。 2)You shouldn’t speak loud in public places. 1) Lily has already read this new book. (改为否定句)
Lily ______ ______ this new book ________.
2、谓语动词是行为动词而又没有助动词或情态动词时，必须在谓语动词前加助动词，一般现在时加助动词do ，第三人称单数加does，一般过去时加did，再和not构成否定结构。必须指出的是：don't, doesn't, didn't后都用动词原形。 1)Jill has lunch at school every day. (改为否定句)
Jill _____ _____ lunch at school every day.
2)The children had a good time at the party. (改为否定句)
The children ______ _____ a good time at the party.
3)Rose didn't drink any milk this morning.（改为肯定句)
Rose ______ ______ milk this morning.
一般疑问句
1、谓语动词是be动词、助动词、情态动词时，直接把这些词置于句首，句末改成问号 eg. There's something wrong with his bike.（改成疑问句）
______ _____ _______ wrong with his bike
2、谓语动词是行为动词时，必须在句首加上助动词Do、Does（三单）、Did（过去式）加上这些助动词后，句子谓语动词用原形。 1)Edison built a science lab himself when he was ten. （改成疑问句）
____ Edison ____ a science lab himself when he was ten？
2)Those Japanese like Chinese food.（改成疑问句）
______ those Japanese ________ Chinese food
注意：改成否定句或一般疑问句的时候,要注意already要改成yet，some、something、somebody等分别改成any、anything、anybody等。另外，在改成否定句的时候注意把too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等；在改成一般疑问句的时候，常常把第一人称I、we改成第二人称you。
特殊疑问句
what, which区别：上下文有范围时用which There are so many kinds of camera, I don’t know which to buy.
1. How far is it from your home to your school 2. How long is that ruler How long have you stayed in Shanghai 3.-How often do you go to school in the summer vacation - Three times a week. 4. -How many times have you visited your grandparents this month -Three times -How soon will you come back -In 2 hours. I paid fifty yuan for the sweater.
______ ______ did you pay for the sweater
反义疑问句
前肯后否 The old man answered the question, didn’t he
前否后肯 Jim is never late for school, is he
前否：陈述部分含too...to，no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时 1)The old man made no answer, did he 2)Li Lei never goes to school late,does he 3)His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning. (反意疑问句)
His aunt ate nothing for breakfast this morning, ____ ____
4)There's nothing wrong with the computer.（改为反意疑问句）
There's nothing wrong with the computer, ______ _____？
否定前缀不能视为否定词 1.It is impossible, isn't it 2.He is not unkind to his classmates, is he
几种特殊情况 1. Let's go and listen to the music, shall we 2. Don't do that again, will you 3. He used to take pictures there, didn't he 4. You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you 5. We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we
注意人称与时态一致 (不规则动词put cost set) The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _______ A. does it B. doesn't it C. did it D. didn't it
注意上下文逻辑一致 对前否后肯的反义疑问句回答时要“实话实说” --Lily didn't come to school, did she --____. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didn't. D. Yes, she didn't
注意反意问句中要注意到有些词的缩略形式。 例如： 's既是has也是is的缩略形式。 'd既是would也是had的缩略形式。 ①He's already finished his homework.(改成反意问句)
He's already finished his homework, ______ _____
②He's already a little weak in English.(改成反意疑问句)
He's already a little weak in English,______ _____
【典题举隅】
1．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）— I hear car accidents sometimes happen in school yards.
— Luckily, there are laws that ________ people to drive after drinking alcohol.
A．doesn’t allow B．don’t allow C．isn’t allowed D．aren’t allowed
2．（2024·江苏南京·二模）—Shall we meet at the zoo gate at 8 a.m.
—In fact we needn’t. It ________ until 9 a.m.
A．doesn’t open B．opens C．didn’t open D．opened
3．（24-25九年级上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）—The movie The Wandering Earth 2 hits screens these days.
—Oh, what a pity! I ________ it yet.
A．won’t watch B．didn’t watch C．don’t watch D．haven’t watched
4．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）Be patient with these teenagers! Give them more time, ______ they will find the answer to the question on their own.
A．but B．or C．and D．so
5．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·阶段练习）—My train to Shanghai leaves at half past three this afternoon.
—Oh, you have just one hour to go to the station. Hurry up, ________ you’ll miss your train.
A．and B．but C．so D．or
6．（23-24九年级上·江苏无锡·期中）Life is like a race sometimes. Move forward, ________ you may fall behind.
A．and B．so C．or D．but
7．（23-24九年级上·江苏泰州·期中）Be patient! Give him more time, ________ he will work out the answer to the question on his own.
A．but B．or C．and D．so
8．（23-24九年级上·江苏常州·期中）Don’t go swimming alone, ________ you will be in danger.
A．and B．or C．but D．so
9．（23-24九年级上·江苏苏州·阶段练习）—Let’s go to the dragon boat race, ________ we’ll miss the fun of the festival.
—That sounds great.
A．but B．so C．or D．unless
10．（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）Growing up is not easy, Tom. ________ calm when you’re facing serious problems in life.
A．Staying B．Stays C．Stay D．To stay
11．（2024九年级·江苏·专题练习）Working hard, ________ you will succeed.
A．or B．and C．because D．for
12．（2024·江苏无锡·二模）Stand over there, ________ you will be able to see the map better.
A．but B．and C．or D．while
13．（24-25九年级下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）—________ is it from Suqian to Suzhou
—It’s about three hours’ ride by high-speed train.
A．How far B．How soon C．How long D．How often
14．（2025·江苏南通·一模）—________ does your father go to the fitness centre
—Twice a week.
A．How soon B．How often C．How long D．How far
15．（24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）—________ is it from Nanjing to Beijing
—It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train.
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
16．（24-25九年级下·江苏泰州·开学考试）—Your parents hardly have any free time for you, ______
—______. They are busy with their business all the time.
A．do they; Yes B．do they; No C．don’t they; Yes D．don’t they; No
17．（2024·江苏南通·模拟预测）—Excuse me, ________ can you finish the project for the Reading Club
—Sometime next week. I will present it to you as soon as it’s finished.
A．how much B．how far C．how often D．how soon
18．（24-25九年级上·江苏无锡·期末）—________ are you going to travel to Harbin
—I’m not sure yet. Maybe by plane.
A．What B．When C．Where D．How
19．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末）—Nancy, ________ do you know about Baiju
—It is an amazing opera which is praised as “Treasure of Nanjing”.
A．how much B．how often C．how long D．how soon
20．（24-25九年级上·江苏南京·期末）—________ do the police catch criminals
—Perhaps by fingerprinting. It is one of the most common methods.
A．What B．When C．How D．Why
21．（24-25九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）— David, could you tell me ________ the Olympic Games take place
— Every four years. The 34th Olympic Games will take place in USA in 2028.
A．how far B．how long C．how much D．how often
22．（24-25九年级下·江苏南京·开学考试）—Tom is always ready to help others.
—________. He often helps me with my Chemistry.
A．So he is B．So he does C．So is he D．So does he
23．（24-25九年级上·江苏泰州·期末）—I’ ve never been to Disneyland, Judy.
—______ . I hope I can go with you this coming winter holiday.
A．So have I B．Neither am I C．Neither have I D．So I have
24．（24-25九年级上·江苏南通·期末）— I don’t like watching short videos on these boring apps.
—_______. Many short videos are of no value.
A．You are wrong B．I don’t agree C．So do I D．Neither do I
25．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·期末）—He’s seldom asked to make dinner at home. What about you
—________. But we must do it to develop our living skills.
A．So have I B．Neither I have C．Neither am I D．So I am
26．（2025·江苏宿迁·一模）— I don’t like to get up late every morning.
— ______. I think taking exercise in the morning is good for our health.
A．So do I B．So I do C．Neither do I D．Neither I do
27．（24-25九年级上·江苏扬州·阶段练习）—I’d love to go hiking with you, but I have much homework _________.
— If you don’t go, _________.
A．doing; so do I B．to do; nor will I
C．done; so will I D．to do; neither am I
28．（24-25九年级上·江苏南通·阶段练习）—Your classmates haven’t watched the new film directed by an internationally renowned director yet, _______
—________. But we plan to watch it this weekend.
A．haven’t they; So will I B．have they; So have I
C．haven’t they; Neither will I D．have they; Neither have I
29．（23-24九年级上·江苏镇江·期末）—Lily’s never late for school.
—________! They are always the first to get to school.
A．So is Lucy B．So has Lucy C．Neither is Lucy D．Neither has Lucy
30．（24-25九年级上·江苏盐城·期中）—I’m afraid I can’t go to attend his birthday party for I have no time on that day.
—_________. One of my friends is to see me.
A．Neither do I B．Neither can I C．So will I D．So I can
1．（2024·江苏淮安·中考真题）—________ do you walk your dog every day, Bob
—For about half an hour.
A．How much B．How long C．How often D．How many
2．（2024·江苏徐州·中考真题）—________ do the notebooks cost
—They are five yuan each.
A．How much B．How many C．How often D．How long
3．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—Fanfan, _______ do you read books after school every day
—For about one hour. And I often write down my ideas while reading.
A．how far B．how long C．how often D．how soon
4．（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—_______ fine weather! It’s a good match for going on a picnic.
—Exactly. I simply can’t wait!
A．How B．What C．How a D．What a
5．（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）—______ is it from Changzhou to Beijing
—It is about four hours’ ride by high-speed train.
A．How long B．How far C．How soon D．How often
6．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题） _______ amazing activity! I will never forget the charity show.
A．How B．What C．How an D．What an
7．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）— May, _______ is the e-mail from
— A new friend. His name is Mike and he lives in Newcastle.
A．who B．how C．when D．what
8．（2022·江苏南京·中考真题）—The 10th Reading Festival is being held in your school. _______ does it last
—About fourteen days.
A．How often B．How far C．How soon D．How long
9．（2024·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ is the girl wearing a scarf Is she your sister
A．Who B．Which C．What D．Where
10．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）The C919, China’s self-made large plane, is now in use. ________ exciting the news is!
A．How B．How an C．What D．What an
11．（2023·江苏淮安·中考真题）—Mr Wu, ________ can I keep the guitar
—For five days.
A．how often B．how soon C．how long D．how much
12．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Excuse me, ________ is the Gengsu Theatre from this hotel
—It’s about ten minutes if you take a taxi.
A．how far B．how long C．how soon D．how much
13．（2023·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—China won all the gold medals at the 2023 World Table Tennis Championships.
—______ exciting news!
A．What a B．How a C．How D．What
14．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ is your hometown I can’t find it anywhere on the map.
A．What B．Which C．When D．Where
15．（2017·江苏连云港·中考真题）— ________ do the students in your school do outdoor activities every day
—At least one hour.
A．How often B．How long C．How much D．How far
16．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）________ good book you offered us! It really helps us a lot.
A．How B．How a C．What D．What a
17．（2022·江苏淮安·中考真题）— ________ do you visit your grandparents, Simon
— Twice a month.
A．How often B．How soon C．How long D．How much
18．（2022·江苏南通·中考真题）—________ is the fashion show
—In the school hall. The purpose of it is to raise money for a charity.
A．Where B．When C．How D．Which
19．（2022·江苏常州·中考真题）—________ does your school organize an English Reading Festival
—Once a term.
A．How often B．How old C．How long D．How soon
20．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—Daniel has gone to Beijing on business.
—Oh, I didn’t know. When ________
A．has he left B．was he leaving C．did he leave D．will he leave
21．（2022·江苏徐州·中考真题）—I love this T-shirt. ________ does it cost
—50 yuan. Why not try it on
A．How long B．How often C．How old D．How much
22．（2022·江苏无锡·中考真题）— ________ did the online concert begin
— You didn’t miss anything. It has just begun.
A．When B．Where C．What D．Why
23．（2022·江苏泰州·中考真题）—________ is China Tiangong space station from us
—About 400 kilometers above the earth.
A．How much B．How often C．How far D．How long
24．（2022·江苏宿迁·中考真题）________ clever girl Kitty is! She can come up with some creative ways to finish the project.
A．What B．How a C．How D．What a
25．（2022·江苏扬州·中考真题）—Tell me, Grandma. ________ is your favourite person in the whole wide world
—That’s easy! It’s you!
A．What B．Who C．How D．Whom
26．（2022·江苏连云港·中考真题）—________ do you play volleyball, Amy
—Three days a week.
A．How long B．How soon C．How often D．How much
27．（2017·江苏淮安·中考真题）— It is raining again. We haven’t seen the sun for weeks.
— ________ weather it is!
A．What good B．What bad C．How good D．How bad
28．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）—________ is it from your school to your home
—It’s about 10 minutes’ walk.
A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How much
29．（2021·江苏淮安·中考真题）________ great scientist Yuan Longping is! He spent all his life on the research of rice.
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
30．（2021·江苏无锡·中考真题）________ are you doing here, baby You must go to bed. It’s late.
A．What B．Who C．When D．Where
31．（2021·江苏南通·中考真题）—________ does May look like
—She is a pretty girl with big bright eyes and long straight hair.
A．How B．What C．Which D．Who
32．（2021·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—________ nice music lesson Mrs Wu gave us today!
—Yes. We enjoyed it very much.
A．What B．What a C．How D．How a
33．（2021·江苏宿迁·中考真题）—________ do you go to the school library
—Twice a week.
A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How much
34．（2021·江苏南京·中考真题）—Millie, ________ are you reading
—Camel Xiangzi, by the famous Chinese writer, Lao She.
A．who B．how C．where D．what
35．（2021·江苏扬州·中考真题）—________ do you play basketball with your friends
— Only once a week.
A．How long B．How much C．How soon D．How often
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