专题09 完形填空说明文命题规律探究
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 3
五大方法速判句内层次题 3
四种方法智取句组层次题 5
三种方法突破语篇层次题 8
中考练场 13
【题型解读】
中考完形填空说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物科学的解说，对客观事物做出说明或对抽象的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能，关系或对事理的概念、特点、演变、异同等科学地认识，从而获得有关的知识。利用说明文的基本特征，对解题有所帮助！
1. 利用说明文的首句查找说明主体
2. 把握说明文的两种结构模式
(1)总分式。包括＂总—分＂＂分—总＂＂总—分—总＂等具体形式。
(2)递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序——从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从南到北、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序——按照时间先后顺序来安排，事物都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序——有些说明文主要是剖析事理的，在说明时就按照事理的逻辑关系进行安排，或者从主到次、从浅到深、从原因到结果，具有严密的条理性。
完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解
【命题规律】
1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。
2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。
3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。
【解题策略】
1.语义优先于语法原则
文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且单纯的语法题已从该题型中逐渐消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区。
2.词内选项句内找原则
四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。
【应试技巧】
1.快速弄清文章大意
对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读,对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。
2.弄清楚说明的顺序
把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。
3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4.注重上下文语境
应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服"思维定势"，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
5.熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则:
(1)上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。
(2)语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。
(3) 逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。
(4)符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。
【考点诠释】
五大方法速判句内层次题
解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。这个技巧主要指惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。
[示例] I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could.
A．chair B．sponsor C．attend D．organize
利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。
[示例] Just last year, I was 56.conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope.
57．A.regretted B．avoided C．excused D．ignored
3．利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[示例]To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
51．A.show B．record C．decrease D．measure
[示例] A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
4.利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[示例] We went 10 1 and I was named most valuable player, __28__I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29.accident．
28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus
[示例]... got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me.
28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused
利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] The 38.trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __39__ in Toronto on January 8.
39．A.ending B．calling C．repeating D．staying
[示例] When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54 to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information.
55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh
四种方法智取句组层次题
比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
[示例] While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)．
41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal
[示例] Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.
50.A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends
[示例] This is what happens on long submarine（潜水艇） voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions
47．A.long B.fast C.dangerous D.direct
[示例] Many firms already claim to be “customer-driven” or “consumer-centered”. Now their 62 will be tested as never before.
62.A. information B. investment C. claims D. shops
利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案或根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性排除干扰做出正确的选择。
【示例】Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.
49. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding
【示例】The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, 62(though) it may result in a passing grade, is not a 63 way to learn a school course.
63. A. convenient B. demanding C. satisfactory D. swift
[示例] When men are held up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 .
50．A．pleasing B．annoying C．common D．valuable
3．利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例] Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home Probably so, 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.
45. A. because B. but C. unless D. though
[示例] A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
4．利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there...... My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone...... 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand !
24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such
三种方法突破语篇层次题
语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。
不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。
利用语义复现解题
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，它往往要围绕一个话题论述，因此行文中词语的重复、替代或同现的现象是不可避免的，即某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。根据这一原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词，考生可以这些词之间的有机联系来决定答案。
[示例] In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 36 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 37 went .
36. A.holiday B.ceremony C.operation D.experiment
....
I' ll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 55 kindness , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
利用总分结构或对比结构分析法解题
完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开和详述，两者之间有着明确的相互支撑、相互印证的对照关系。总分对照结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。对比结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
[示例] He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __47__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __48__ of positive attitudes and emotions.
47. A. attitudes B. beliefs C. goals D. positions
48. A. shortcoming B. harm C. benefit D. interest
[示例] Be someone else! Look at the situation from a __62__ point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the __63__ in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want Why can’t she get it What changes must she make to get what she wants If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their __64__. The best fishermen think like fish!
A. private B. global C. different D. practical
利用逻辑关系解题
在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要解题方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例] Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way.
56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore
【典题举隅】
（2024·江苏徐州·三模）Are you having 1 salt You 2 not think so. But people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt each day, that is much 3 than the 6 grams 4 by the World Health Organization. You could be eating too much without 5 it. Because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy, such as bread, sauces, soups and sausages.
What problems can eating too much salt 6 To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
Salt is a chemical compound. Salt is made of sodium and chloride (钠和氯化物). Salt is used to 7 and flavor foods. A small amount of salt is important for good health because our bodies need sodium and chloride 8 .
But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been linked to other conditions, such as heart and kidney problems.
If you want to 9 on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips.
Cut back on 10 salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, smoked fish and chips are almost high in salt because of the 11 they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have them in 12 amounts, or eat them less often.
Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals are major sources of salt in the diet not because they are necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you are shopping, take the time to 13 the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to 14 the ones lower in salt. Avoid 15 too much salt to cooking and at the table. It will be good for your health.
1．A．too much B．much too C．too many D．little
2．A．can B．must C．might D．should
3．A．high B．higher C．low D．lower
4．A．recommended B．afforded C．offered D．provided
5．A．reducing B．realizing C．understanding D．losing
6．A．have B．lead C．cause D．deal with
7．A．protect B．have C．take D．keep
8．A．to work B．to make C．to hold D．to carry
9．A．reduce B．cut down C．prevent D．stop
10．A．low B．little C．high D．a little
11．A．way B．factory C．process D．result
12．A．smaller B．less C．fewer D．larger
13．A．see B．compare C．enjoy D．match
14．A．remember B．leave C．choose D．hold
15．A．putting B．adding C．getting D．failing
Passage 1
（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）阅读短文，从短文后所给四个选项 (A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
Bees are regarded as the most hard-working workers in the world, but you might have heard about how bees are doing 1 these days. Yes, and the 2 is becoming more and more serious, the number of bees has been reducing rapidly. It leaves us humans a great 3 : Protecting bees. Because if bees aren’t flourishing (繁荣), 4 are people, in the end, people won’t eat as a result.
Bees do this amazing thing wherever they go around, collecting poll (花粉) from 5 . They spread pollen from one plant to another, in the 6 , the bees make it possible for them to bear fruit.
So, when U.S. beekeepers lose 40% of their bees, as 7 in 2017, because of the microbial disease (微生物疾病), we 21st-century 8 not only take notice, we start crazily trying to fix the problem. And there’s no silver bullet remedy (灵丹妙药), of course, but the most available solution seems to be finding out a way to 9 microbial disease. That’s where bee vaccinations (接种疫苗) come in.
Like most of the animals, as well as humans, vaccines work through inspiriting the body to make antibodies (抗体) against a 10 disease. But bees don’t make antibodies, scientists have thought vaccinating them would be 11 , but a 2015 study discovered that bees can get the ability of making antibodies through vitellogenin (卵黄蛋白原) in their egg.
Vaccinating a bee wouldn’t help that bee, 12 if you vaccinate the queen, she can 13 the ability on to her children and grandchildren through her eggs.
The new vaccine will treat for American foulbrood (AFB), a highly dangerous disease that makes 14 of bees quickly. The queen bee can 15 the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her children. And then her children will not get AFB during their lives. They got the antibodies against the disease.
1．A．poorly B．straightly C．quietly D．gradually
2．A．information B．situation C．suggestion D．decision
3．A．treasure B．energy C．experience D．challenge
4．A．either B．neither C．both D．other
5．A．trees B．vegetables C．plants D．onions
6．A．produce B．process C．silence D．importance
7．A．happened B．studied C．made D．explored
8．A．students B．governments C．humans D．doctors
9．A．prevent B．protect C．prepare D．promise
10．A．serious B．certain C．strict D．real
11．A．possible B．impossible C．terrible D．probable
12．A．and B．so C．until D．but
13．A．give B．set C．pass D．build
14．A．death B．growth C．truth D．depth
15．A．eat B．drink C．make D．put
Passage 2
（2024·江苏泰州·二模）When I was a child, there wasn’t much for me to read. I didn’t begin to 16 traditional Chinese classical novels until junior high school. And I could read books from other countries 17 attending university.
The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though it was 18 for a first-year student at university, I spent hours and hours 19 the meaning of every word and sentence. It took me almost half a year to 20 the book. With Jane Eyre 21 my heart, I was even more interested in the rich world of 22 . I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D．H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…The 23 goes on and on. Reading is what I cannot live without.
What can one 24 from reading It can be said that serious reading makes one a 25 person. When we read serious books, we must 26 our minds to find some room for new ideas and knowledge. Reading helps us get over all kinds of difficulties in life. We may develop the correct values.
Serious reading also needs time and makes us more 27 . If we want to finish hundreds of pages of War and Peace, we must be prepared for a long journey 28 taking any shortcuts (捷径).
Well-designed classical novels make us more logical (逻辑上的). The writers put 29 hearts and minds into planning stories and expressing their values. To 30 the stories, we must try to understand all of them, which is helpful to our logical training.
16．A．present B．read C．translate D．publish
17．A．before B．after C．till D．since
18．A．important B．comfortable C．difficult D．possible
19．A．turning out B．carrying out C．putting out D．working out
20．A．finish B．sell C．write D．find
21．A．saving B．breaking C．changing D．entering
22．A．history B．literature C．music D．science
23．A．list B．cycle C．story D．system
24．A．understand B．guess C．remember D．gain
25．A．better B．richer C．healthier D．kinder
26．A．send B．fill C．empty D．hold
27．A．powerful B．practical C．patient D．polite
28．A．over B．except C．with D．without
29．A．their B．your C．our D．his
30．A．report B．expect C．follow D．choose
Passage 3
（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Deaf children enjoy reading happily
Now there are about 32 million deaf children around the world. Deaf children often have problems in 31 to read. And smartphone maker Huawei, wants to help them out 32 a new app called StorySign. It is powered by artificial intelligence (AI).
Parents and teachers can use the app to help deaf children learn 33 to read. It is easy to 34 the app. Just open the app and 35 on the chosen book from the StorySign Library. Hold the phone up to the words on the page, and the AI Star will then sign the words as the printed words are highlighted (照亮).
Users can also 36 a book from the app’s book library. The first book on the StorySign platform is the popular children’s book Spot the Dog (《斑点狗小玻》).
The app start with a 37 called The Silent Child. The film sees a young girl Star reading 38 with her father on Christmas Eve. Later that night when she goes downstairs to look at her presents, she is filled with 39 to see Father Christmas who hands her a book as a gift. When Father Christmas 40 that the little girl is deaf, Santa begins to sign the book to her.
The developers specifically design the product to make the app’s main character Star 41 with both boys and girls by making her an elder sister or friend. They will help the deaf children read and understand the book. Star’s facial expressions and hands are able to fully 42 the “perfect”sign language. Star also wears a hearing aid (援助). This way, not only are the deaf children learning to read, but they are also happy.
“We created StorySign to help make it 43 for families with deaf children to enjoy an enriched story time,” said Andrew Garrihy, Huawei’s CMO for Western Europe. 44 many deaf children make an effort to learn to read, there are no resources that connect the differences between sign language and written text. The app can be downloaded from app stores in 10 different 45 including English, French, German, and Italian. It perfectly gives them this tool to make it easier for them to read.
31．A．expecting B．learning C．waiting D．teaching
32．A．in B．by C．through D．on
33．A．how B．what C．when D．where
34．A．learn B．get C．use D．enter
35．A．click B．read C．knock D．buy
36．A．borrow B．read C．share D．choose
37．A．film B．play C．show D．cartoon
38．A．happily B．silently C．difficultly D．easily
39．A．pride B．surprise C．excitement D．patience
40．A．hears B．considers C．reviews D．realizes
41．A．popular B．angry C．covered D．satisfied
42．A．speak B．learn C．communicate D．write
43．A．easy B．possible C．necessary D．important
44．A．Although B．While C．Because D．If
45．A．countries B．areas C．languages D．books
Passage 4
（2024·江苏盐城·二模）What animal is black and white, cute and endangered It can only be the giant panda! Here are some interesting 46 about them.
Why are giant pandas black and white
Scientists are not sure 47 is behind their color, but think it has to do with camouflage (保护色). The panda’s white body color helps it hide in the 48 , while the black part helps it hide in the shade. Other scientists believe that their color may have 49 to do with finding a mate (伴侣). 50 , not all pandas are black and white. There is also a rare brown and white panda.
Why do giant pandas look so cute
Scientists say their big heads, short feet and round bodies have 51 a golden ratio (比例) of “cute world”. Moreover, their round faces, snub noses and way of walking 52 us of human babies. Usually babies who have big eyes look cute. 53 , the dark circles around the eyes make their eyes appear larger, so they look so cute. The cutest part of a giant pandas is their appearance.
Do giant pandas stay 54 during the day and sleep at night like humans
Researchers have spent years studying giant pandas in the 55 . They have noticed that wild giant pandas usually start to be active from 4 a.m. to 6 a.m., rest and then reach a second active peak (高峰) again from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. and then rest 56 late at night. Daily activities often change with the 57 . For example, in winter giant pandas have to walk a long way to find water, so the activity levels are much 58 in winter than in other seasons. Giant pandas usually spend 10 to 12 hours feeding, 8 to 9 hours resting, and 2 to 3 hours playing or climbing.
What should we know when visiting giant pandas
It’s important for pandas to have a 59 environment. So don’t make noises or sudden movements 60 might scare them. Also, don’t throw food to pandas unless the panda keeper tells you it’s okay to do so, or it could cause them to get sick.
46．A．facts B．ideas C．opinions D．details
47．A．where B．how C．that D．what
48．A．rain B．grass C．snow D．bamboos
49．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
50．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Instead
51．A．read B．designed C．written D．created
52．A．remained B．researched C．remembered D．reminded
53．A．Similarly B．Specially C．Especially D．Exactly
54．A．happy B．active C．calm D．excited
55．A．zoo B．forest C．wild D．mountain
56．A．while B．after C．before D．until
57．A．days B．weeks C．months D．seasons
58．A．higher B．lower C．more D．less
59．A．clean B．tidy C．quiet D．warm
60．A．who B．that C．what D．whom
Passage 5
（2024·江苏淮安·一模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A man was visiting an elephant camp. He found that the elephants weren’t kept in 61 or by chains(铁链). There was only a small piece of rope 62 them from running away. And the rope was just tied to one of 63 legs.
As the man looked at the elephants, he couldn’t understand it— 64 didn’t the elephants just use their strength to break the rope and escape After all, they could 65 do so. However, they didn’t try at all.
Wanting to know the answer, he 66 a trainer nearby.
“When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same 67 of rope to tie them. At that age, it was 68 to hold them. As they grew up, they 69 believed that they couldn’t break the rope and run away. They believed it could hold them as before, so they never tried to get themselves 70 .” the trainer answered.
The man was speechless. These animals could break the rope 71 they wanted, but they never tried just because as time went by, they believed that it just wasn’t 72 .
How many of us go through life like the elephants-holding onto the belief that we cannot do something simply because we 73 it once or some times before
So please be careful that our 74 can prevent our development. We might not be able to achieve our goal in the past, 75 it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying even when we experience failures in life.
61．A．zoos B．boxes C．camps D．cages
62．A．protecting B．stopping C．forcing D．suggesting
63．A．their B．her C．our D．your
64．A．why B．how C．when D．what
65．A．carefully B．easily C．closely D．wisely
66．A．helped B．caught C．missed D．asked
67．A．length B．number C．size D．age
68．A．enough B．wrong C．strange D．hard
69．A．still B．even C．never D．almost
70．A．happy B．free C．calm D．creative
71．A．however B．whatever C．whenever D．moreover
72．A．serious B．comfortable C．important D．possible
73．A．completed B．lost C．achieved D．failed
74．A．action B．choice C．thoughts D．moods
75．A．because B．but C．or D．so
Passage 6
（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Most people think of education only in terms of formal classes. When people graduate from high school or college, they usually think their education is 76 . But it’s important to continue learning after finishing school. And making the effort 77 personally and professionally. On a personal level, learning can be 78 . It can give you something interesting to talk about. And it is good for your 79 . Just as exercise makes your body stronger, your mind becomes 80 when you use it. Being a lifelong learner can also help you with your work or job. Knowledge in other areas can help you develop 81 ideas in your present job. Also, becoming an export in an area outside of your present job gives you freedom and 82 you to take a job in 83 field if you want to. So 84 do you become a lifelong learner First, you need to be determined to keep on learning new things even when it isn’t easy. It may help if you find friends who will encourage your learning. It’s also a good idea to find 85 to learn during your day. Carry a book with you, and read when you have to wait, Audio books (有声读物) are also 86 . It’s easy to carry them. You can 87 them while traveling or doing housework. Finding ways to use what you learn can help you 88 things. If you want to learn to fix appliance (家用电器), try fixing some at home. If you’re learning 89 , find someone who speaks that language to talk to. If you’re learning facts about science, 90 what you’re learning to someone else. Then you can help that person be a lifelong leaner, too!
76．A．useless B．meaningful C．perfect D．complete
77．A．pays off B．runs out C．stays up D．passes by
78．A．boring B．stupid C．fun D．surprising
79．A．study B．job C．brain D．ability
80．A．sharp B．sharper C．sharpen D．the sharpest
81．A．same B．old C．common D．creative
82．A．advises B．allows C．invites D．teaches
83．A．other B．the other C．the others D．another
84．A．how B．what C．who D．which
85．A．skills B．interests C．time D．knowledge
86．A．helpless B．helpful C．interesting D．cheap
87．A．listen to B．watch C．play with D．search for
88．A．make B．decorate C．remember D．believe
89．A．history B．labour C．science D．German
90．A．explain B．discuss C．send D．offer
Passage 7
（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）I owe (亏欠) my father a huge thank-you! Sure, I need to 91 him for all those years of paying my bills, fixing my 92 , and providing a shoulder to cry on. But this year I 93 that his contributions to my childhood were much more than that.
I grew up as Daddy’s Little Girl. If I had a 94 that needed solving or a question that needed answering, he was the one I ran to. He helped me 95 everything from math homework as a student to career choices as a young adult. He always 96 that I should do my best in whatever I did, and he believed I could succeed in 97 I put my mind to. As a result, I learned to hold myself to those same standards. He always showed me unconditional 98 , which helped me learn to love myself. It was something I’d taken for granted (想当然) until I realized from talking with my 99 that they had no similar view of their self-worth. Having fathers that didn’t believe in them made them grow up not 100 in themselves.
As I was growing up, my father also showed me how a woman should be 101 . He got along with my mom with love and respect. 102 , I grew to expect nothing less than that from the men I dated and from the man I would finally marry. Dad was 103 a living picture of godliness (虔诚), honesty and responsibility. It was only recently that I realized what a deep influence 104 have on their daughters’ lives. That is 105 I want to thank my dad for the example of love that he has been to me throughout my life.
91．A．accept B．remind C．thank D．remember
92．A．bikes B．homework C．illness D．knowledge
93．A．forgot B．realized C．discovered D．compared
94．A．present B．reason C．letter D．problem
95．A．get through B．get away C．look through D．look into
96．A．wondered B．expected C．refused D．doubted
97．A．something B．anybody C．nothing D．anything
98．A．energy B．money C．effort D．love
99．A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．relatives
100．A．guessing B．believing C．thinking D．judging
101．A．thought B．satisfied C．respected D．pleased
102．A．Therefore B．However C．Moreover D．Anyway
103．A．seriously B．hardly C．truly D．terribly
104．A．sisters B．brothers C．mothers D．fathers
105．A．who B．what C．where D．why
Passage 8
（2024·江苏南通·二模）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Going against the tide of hurrying to well-known tourist attractions on vacation, a growing number of holidaymakers in China prefer to spend their spare time at lesser-known resorts (旅游胜地). Reverse tourism (逆向旅游) has appeared to be 106 among young holidaymakers in China.
According to data from an online travel agency, the number of rooms 107 at hotels in less-traveled cities during the holiday was up 30 percent year-on-year. In fact, bookings for four-star or five-star hotels in less-traveled places all 108 by at least 10 times. Some lesser-known places of interest posted double growth during the holiday. Baimaiquan Park in Jinan, the capital of Shandong Province, 109 52,100 visits in the seven days, up 15.78 percent year-over-year.
Besides crowds, some vacationers chose less-traveled places to save the 110 of trips to popular attractions as the tickets are much cheaper. However, lesser-known attractions are not as “commercial” (商业的) as developed ones and are able to offer more 111 experiences. In fact, total relaxation is becoming a real expectation for many people when they travel. Changes in requirement may be the main 112 for the popularity of reverse tourism. COVID-19 is 113 key factor (因素) causing reverse tourism. As a result, travellers have become more careful and prefer to choose 114 attractions or places with fewer tourists.
“The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing, ”said Zhengzhou Daily. It means that vacationers now have more freedom to make a 115 , which brings more possibilities to the tourism market. More 116 , it noted, the trend (趋势) is set to force popular attractions to improve themselves 117 resting on their past honor.
Jiang Han, a senior researcher, said that reverse tourism will become one of the future 118 for the market. To develop the tourism market, Jiang suggested that more 119 should be made to discover the potential (潜力) of lesser-known places. It is necessary to dig 120 into the local customs and highlight the local characteristics to improve the quality of local tourism.
106．A．public B．popular C．polluted D．private
107．A．shared B．recorded C．booked D．painted
108．A．changed B．increased C．dropped D．improved
109．A．refused B．provides C．received D．cancelled
110．A．time B．quality C．cost D．energy
111．A．natural B．awful C．modern D．crowded
112．A．excuse B．task C．gift D．reason
113．A．other B．another C．the other D．others
114．A．local B．lonely C．international D．educational
115．A．living B．mistake C．choice D．wish
116．A．exactly B．luckily C．interestingly D．importantly
117．A．full of B．instead of C．compared to D．similar to
118．A．courses B．examples C．risks D．directions
119．A．efforts B．excuses C．attention D．space
120．A．wider B．stronger C．deeper D．faster
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题09 完形填空说明文命题规律探究
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 3
五大方法速判句内层次题 3
四种方法智取句组层次题 5
三种方法突破语篇层次题 8
中考练场 13
【题型解读】
中考完形填空说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物科学的解说，对客观事物做出说明或对抽象的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能，关系或对事理的概念、特点、演变、异同等科学地认识，从而获得有关的知识。利用说明文的基本特征，对解题有所帮助！
1. 利用说明文的首句查找说明主体
2. 把握说明文的两种结构模式
(1)总分式。包括＂总—分＂＂分—总＂＂总—分—总＂等具体形式。
(2)递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序——从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从南到北、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序——按照时间先后顺序来安排，事物都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序——有些说明文主要是剖析事理的，在说明时就按照事理的逻辑关系进行安排，或者从主到次、从浅到深、从原因到结果，具有严密的条理性。
完形填空题以考查实词为主，主要包括名词、动词、形容词、副词及相关短语。从近几年中考试题来看，完形填空越来越强调对上下文以及通篇文章的理解
【命题规律】
1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。
2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。
3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。
【解题策略】
1.语义优先于语法原则
文章的开头部分尤其是第一句话不设空格，它起到的作用是对所选短文的题材和可能涉及的内容作简单的介绍或提示，并且单纯的语法题已从该题型中逐渐消失。如果一味按照语法规则来选择答案，就必定陷入了答题误区。
2.词内选项句内找原则
四个选择项要么都是词义相近的名词单数或复数，要么都是近义动词的同一时态等，只能根据上下文的语境作出正确的选择。如果提供的四个选择项词义相差悬殊，则上文或下文肯定有答题提示，有时第一个空格要读完全文才能回答。
【应试技巧】
1.快速弄清文章大意
对于此类文章我们结合选择项，进行粗读或略读,对文章的大意要先有一个大体的了解。说明文往往生词较多，而题材又比较广泛，所以阅读时，首先要能够掌握文章的大意。
2.弄清楚说明的顺序
把握了说明顺序，就能准确把握文章的脉络，加强对整篇文章的理解。
3.把握文章的组织结构，理清事实细节
把握语篇特征对理解文意与答题极为有利。说明性的文章一般都是一篇完整的、意思表达清楚的、逻辑比较严密的短文。在阅读这类文章时，我们一定要仔细研读文章的开头和结尾，从主题句着手，找出支持句，然后寻找文章的结论。这时，我们还要特别注意，不要被表面的一些细节所迷惑，我们在理解细节的基础上，还要斟酌文字的内涵意义，从而对文章进行深层次的理解。
4.注重上下文语境
应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服"思维定势"，根据全文大意和词不离句、句不离文的原则逐项填空。
5.熟练做题方法，遵循四个原则:
(1)上下一致。每个选择项必须从全文出发，从大处着手，避免孤立地分析每一空格，造成误选。
(2)语法正确。从语法地角度去考虑动词的时态、语态以及词类用法。
(3) 逻辑合理。在完形填空题中，逻辑推理非常重要，有时每个选择项从语法上讲都正确，但是有的是不合语境逻辑的。
(4)符合搭配。英语中固定搭配很多，需要熟练掌握，才能做好此类题目。
【考点诠释】
五大方法速判句内层次题
解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。
利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题
完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。这个技巧主要指惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。
[示例] I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could.
A．chair B．sponsor C．attend D．organize
[解析] C 本题可以利用固定结构解题。attend a meeting出席会议，是固定搭配。
利用生活常识和文化背景解题
完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。
[示例] Just last year, I was 56.conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope.
57．A.regretted B．avoided C．excused D．ignored
[解析] C 此题可利用生活常识和文化背景解题。作者正在上课，因此根据生活常识，打断作者上课应该请求原谅。
3．利用对应成分分析法解题
完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。
[示例]To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.
51．A.show B．record C．decrease D．measure
[解析] C 本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。第51题与protect形成对应关系。因为前面有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，我们可以很轻松地选出正确答案C项(decrease“减少”)。
[示例] A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
[解析]该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案C。
4.利用逻辑关系解题
此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。
[示例] We went 10 1 and I was named most valuable player, __28__I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29.accident．
28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus
[解析] C 本题考查连词。通过分析得知本填空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系，因此答案是but。and表示并列关系；then表示顺承关系；thus表示因果关系。连词的作用就是将其前后文的已知信息衔接起来，因此可以利用逻辑关系来解题，即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应该填入表达何种逻辑关系的短语。
[示例]... got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me.
28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused
[解析] A But是这里的语篇标记语，表示转折关系。由此我们可推测，尽管作者的旅行社经纪人总是能给他买到最低价的机票等，但是她冷冰冰的声音着实让作者不开心，故annoyed 符合此处语境。
利用语境暗示分析法解题
上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] The 38.trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __39__ in Toronto on January 8.
39．A.ending B．calling C．repeating D．staying
[解析] A 本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。由前面的start可知旅行开始时间，因此我们可以快速地选出ending旅行的结束时间。
[示例] When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54 to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information.
55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh
[解析] D fresh ideas 与本句后面的newly discovered information对应。
四种方法智取句组层次题
比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
1．利用语义复现解题
复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。
[示例] While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)．
41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal
[解析] A 本题可利用语义复现解题。由上文中的explore new aspects of life可知，所填词与explore(探索)在词义上相近，故选searching(寻找)。planning计划；natural自然的；formal正式的。
[示例] Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table.
50.A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends
【解析】B 我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇 manners。故答案为 B。
[示例] This is what happens on long submarine（潜水艇） voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions
47．A.long B.fast C.dangerous D.direct
【解析】A 我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇long
[示例] Many firms already claim to be “customer-driven” or “consumer-centered”. Now their 62 will be tested as never before.
62.A. information B. investment C. claims D. shops
【解析】C 我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇claim。
利用作者态度或感彩关联解题
在完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案或根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性排除干扰做出正确的选择。
【示例】Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant.
49. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding
【解析】A 本题考查形容词辨析，前三个选项往往用来形容人的情感，意思分别是“舒服的”、“压力的”、“沮丧的”；后一个选项常用来指人的才能，意思是“杰出的、非凡的”。单从语法来说，每一个选项似乎都对，但是结合句意“好的用餐礼仪会使你和你周围的人感到舒服”，显然只能选A。
【示例】The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, 62(though) it may result in a passing grade, is not a 63 way to learn a school course.
63. A. convenient B. demanding C. satisfactory D. swift
【解析】读懂作者的态度，即可理解本句意为“超量学习的原理解释了为什么虽然应付考试的突击学习可以帮助你及格，但不是一种学习学校课程的好方法”。这里的“好”就是“令人满意的”，最能体现作者对事物的态度，所以答案为C。
[示例] When men are held up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 .
50．A．pleasing B．annoying C．common D．valuable
【解析】B 结合上下文，意思是在狭小的空间里呆的时间过长，平时习惯的小动作也变得令人不能容忍了。上文they begin to feel uneasy是提示。A项“令人高兴的”、C项“普通的”、D项“有价值的”意思都不符合语境。只有B项annoying与上文中的uneasy在作者的情感态度上最接近。
3．利用逻辑关系解题
在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例] Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home Probably so, 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners.
45. A. because B. but C. unless D. though
【解析】 A 你之所以在朋友家或餐馆的用餐礼仪比在自家时要好，是因为你知道人们会据此来评判一个人文明程度。不难判断 “you are aware that people judge you by your table manners”是表达前文的理由，用连词because。
[示例] A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on.
59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable
【解析】 该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。
4．利用语境暗示分析法解题
在句组层次中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
[示例] During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there...... My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone...... 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand !
24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such
【解析】：上下文语境分析法。根据上文a desert和alone，可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B. 没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选B。
三种方法突破语篇层次题
语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。
不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。
利用语义复现解题
由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，它往往要围绕一个话题论述，因此行文中词语的重复、替代或同现的现象是不可避免的，即某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。根据这一原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词，考生可以这些词之间的有机联系来决定答案。
[示例] In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 36 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 37 went .
36. A.holiday B.ceremony C.operation D.experiment
....
I' ll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 55 kindness , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories.
[解析] A 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A假期；B仪式；C手术；D实验；句义：在2012年我刚刚从一次严重的疾病中恢复过来，我收到了一个邀请我去奥兰多参加作家会议。我家人说服我一个这样的假期也许是医生要求我做的事情。生病的人需要假期来恢复身心。另外根据文章最后一句filled my brief holiday in Florida可知也应该指假期。
利用总分结构或对比结构分析法解题
完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开和详述，两者之间有着明确的相互支撑、相互印证的对照关系。总分对照结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。对比结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。
[示例] He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __47__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __48__ of positive attitudes and emotions.
47. A. attitudes B. beliefs C. goals D. positions
48. A. shortcoming B. harm C. benefit D. interest
【解析】 这两题均考查根据上下文选择正确的名词。上句意为“……书中讨论到紧张的情绪和消极的。。。都会损害人体组织和健康”。紧接着下句，意为“这本书使Cousins考虑到，积极的态度和情感可能带来的.....”。上句中的negative attitude, damaged等词与下句中的positive attitude, benefit形成对照，是解题关键。故47题A选项为正确答案；48题C为正确答案。
[示例] Be someone else! Look at the situation from a __62__ point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the __63__ in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want Why can’t she get it What changes must she make to get what she wants If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their __64__. The best fishermen think like fish!
A. private B. global C. different D. practical
【解析】C 。只要用心都会注意到该段的开头一句话：Be someone else! 充当的作用：总领该段。故此选答案时应该照顾上下文。
利用逻辑关系解题
在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要解题方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。
[示例] Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way.
56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore
【解析】：B 副词Moreover类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。
【典题举隅】
（2024·江苏徐州·三模）Are you having 1 salt You 2 not think so. But people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt each day, that is much 3 than the 6 grams 4 by the World Health Organization. You could be eating too much without 5 it. Because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy, such as bread, sauces, soups and sausages.
What problems can eating too much salt 6 To answer that question, first let’s take a look at what salt is.
Salt is a chemical compound. Salt is made of sodium and chloride (钠和氯化物). Salt is used to 7 and flavor foods. A small amount of salt is important for good health because our bodies need sodium and chloride 8 .
But past studies have found that people who eat more salt than they need tend to have high blood pressure. Eating too much salt has also been linked to other conditions, such as heart and kidney problems.
If you want to 9 on salt, the good news is, there are plenty of simple things to do. Here are some tips.
Cut back on 10 salt foods.
Most foods contain some salt. But some foods such as cheese, bacon, smoked fish and chips are almost high in salt because of the 11 they are made. You can still enjoy them, but try to have them in 12 amounts, or eat them less often.
Choose reduced salt bread and breakfast cereals.
Bread and breakfast cereals are major sources of salt in the diet not because they are necessarily high in salt but because we eat a lot of them. For these foods, there can be a really big difference between different types and brands. So next time you are shopping, take the time to 13 the salt levels on a few similar products. And always try to 14 the ones lower in salt. Avoid 15 too much salt to cooking and at the table. It will be good for your health.
1．A．too much B．much too C．too many D．little
2．A．can B．must C．might D．should
3．A．high B．higher C．low D．lower
4．A．recommended B．afforded C．offered D．provided
5．A．reducing B．realizing C．understanding D．losing
6．A．have B．lead C．cause D．deal with
7．A．protect B．have C．take D．keep
8．A．to work B．to make C．to hold D．to carry
9．A．reduce B．cut down C．prevent D．stop
10．A．low B．little C．high D．a little
11．A．way B．factory C．process D．result
12．A．smaller B．less C．fewer D．larger
13．A．see B．compare C．enjoy D．match
14．A．remember B．leave C．choose D．hold
15．A．putting B．adding C．getting D．failing
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 11．A 12．A 13．B 14．C 15．B
【导语】本文主要围绕盐的摄入问题展开讨论，指出中国人平均盐摄入量高于世界卫生组织推荐量，并且给出了减少盐摄入的建议。
1．句意：你正在摄入过多的盐吗？
too much太多；much too太，非常；too many太多；little几乎没有。根据“But people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt each day”可知，下文描述了中国人均盐摄入量高于世界卫生组织推荐量，故此处是询问是否摄入太多的盐，salt是不可数名词，用用too much修饰。故选A。
2．句意：你可能不这么认为。
can能，会；must必须；might可能；should应该。根据“not think so”可知，此处指可能不这么想。故选C。
3．句意：但是，中国人平均每天摄入约12克盐，这比世界卫生组织推荐的6克要高得多。
high高的；higher更高；low低的；lower更低。根据“people in China eat on average about 12 grams of salt, that is much ... than the 6 grams ... by the World Health Organization.”可知，中国人均盐摄入量高于世界卫生组织推荐量，much后加比较级。故选B。
4．句意：但是，中国人平均每天摄入约12克盐，这比世界卫生组织推荐的6克要高得多。
recommended推荐的；afforded负担得起的；offered提供的；provided提供的，供给的。根据“by the World Health Organization.”可知，此处指世界卫生组织推荐的盐摄入量。故选A。
5．句意：你可能在不知不觉中摄入了过多的盐。
reducing减少；realizing意识到；understanding理解；losing失去。根据“Because about 75% of the salt we eat is already in the food we buy,”可知，下文指出我们所摄入的盐约有75%已经包含在我们购买的食物中，故此处指在没有意识到的情况下盐摄入超标。故选B。
6．句意：摄入过多盐会引起什么问题呢？
have有；lead导致；cause引起；deal with处理。根据“What problems”可知，此处指摄入过多盐会引起的问题。故选C。
7．句意：盐用于保持和调味食物。
protect保护；have有；take拿，采取；keep保持。根据“Salt is used to”可知，此处指盐对于食物的作用，应该是保持味道和调节味道。故选D。
8．句意：少量盐对健康很重要，因为我们的身体需要钠和氯来工作。
to work工作；to make制作；to hold持有；to carry携带。根据“our bodies”可知，我们身体的工作需要钠和氯。故选A。
9．句意：如果你想减少盐的摄入量，好消息是，有很多简单的事情可以做。
reduce减少；cut down削减；prevent防止；stop停止。根据上文描述的过多摄入盐的坏处和“…on salt”可知，此处指削减盐的摄入量。故选B。
10．句意：减少高盐食物的摄入。
low低的；little几乎没有（否定意味）；high高的；a little一点（肯定意味）。根据“salt foods”可知，减少的应该是高盐食物。故选C。
11．句意：但有些食物，如奶酪、培根、熏鱼和薯条由于其制作方式而几乎总是含有大量的盐。
way方式，方法；factory工厂；process过程；result结果。根据“they are made”可知，此处指制作方式。故选A。
12．句意：你仍然可以享受这些食物，但尽量去少量摄入，或者吃得频率低一些。
smaller更小的；less更少的（修饰不可数名词）；fewer更少的（修饰可数名词）；larger更大的。根据上文描述和“amounts”可知，amount前面可以用small或large修饰，此处指摄入更加少量的这类食物。故选A。
13．句意：所以下次购物时，花点时间比较一下类似产品的盐含量。
see看见；compare比较；enjoy享受；match匹配。根据“on a few similar products”可知，此处指比较一下类似产品的盐含量。故选B。
14．句意：并尽量选择含盐量较低的产品。
remember记住；leave离开；choose选择；hold持有，举行。根据“the ones lower in salt”可知，此处指选择含盐量较低的产品。故选C。
15．句意：避免在烹饪和餐桌上添加过多盐。
putting放；adding加；getting得到；failing失败。根据“too much salt to cooking”可知，此处指在烹饪中少添加盐。故选B。
Passage 1
（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）阅读短文，从短文后所给四个选项 (A、B、C、D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
Bees are regarded as the most hard-working workers in the world, but you might have heard about how bees are doing 1 these days. Yes, and the 2 is becoming more and more serious, the number of bees has been reducing rapidly. It leaves us humans a great 3 : Protecting bees. Because if bees aren’t flourishing (繁荣), 4 are people, in the end, people won’t eat as a result.
Bees do this amazing thing wherever they go around, collecting poll (花粉) from 5 . They spread pollen from one plant to another, in the 6 , the bees make it possible for them to bear fruit.
So, when U.S. beekeepers lose 40% of their bees, as 7 in 2017, because of the microbial disease (微生物疾病), we 21st-century 8 not only take notice, we start crazily trying to fix the problem. And there’s no silver bullet remedy (灵丹妙药), of course, but the most available solution seems to be finding out a way to 9 microbial disease. That’s where bee vaccinations (接种疫苗) come in.
Like most of the animals, as well as humans, vaccines work through inspiriting the body to make antibodies (抗体) against a 10 disease. But bees don’t make antibodies, scientists have thought vaccinating them would be 11 , but a 2015 study discovered that bees can get the ability of making antibodies through vitellogenin (卵黄蛋白原) in their egg.
Vaccinating a bee wouldn’t help that bee, 12 if you vaccinate the queen, she can 13 the ability on to her children and grandchildren through her eggs.
The new vaccine will treat for American foulbrood (AFB), a highly dangerous disease that makes 14 of bees quickly. The queen bee can 15 the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her children. And then her children will not get AFB during their lives. They got the antibodies against the disease.
1．A．poorly B．straightly C．quietly D．gradually
2．A．information B．situation C．suggestion D．decision
3．A．treasure B．energy C．experience D．challenge
4．A．either B．neither C．both D．other
5．A．trees B．vegetables C．plants D．onions
6．A．produce B．process C．silence D．importance
7．A．happened B．studied C．made D．explored
8．A．students B．governments C．humans D．doctors
9．A．prevent B．protect C．prepare D．promise
10．A．serious B．certain C．strict D．real
11．A．possible B．impossible C．terrible D．probable
12．A．and B．so C．until D．but
13．A．give B．set C．pass D．build
14．A．death B．growth C．truth D．depth
15．A．eat B．drink C．make D．put
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了蜜蜂的危险处境以及科学家们让蜜蜂提高免疫能力的方法。
1．句意：蜜蜂被认为是世界上最勤劳的工人，但你可能听说过蜜蜂最近的表现很差。
poorly差地；straightly笔直地；quietly安静地；gradually逐渐地。根据“becoming more and more serious, the number of bees has been reducing rapidly”可知，应该是蜜蜂最近的表现很差。故选A。
2．句意：是的，而且情况变得越来越严重，蜜蜂的数量一直在迅速减少。
information信息；situation情况；suggestion建议；decision决定。根据“the number of bees has been reducing rapidly”可知，情况变得越来越严重。故选B。
3．句意：这给我们人类留下了一个巨大的挑战：保护蜜蜂。
treasure财富；energy能量；experience经验；challenge挑战。根据“Protecting bees.”可知，这是留给人们的一大挑战。故选D。
4．句意：因为如果蜜蜂不繁荣，人类也不繁荣，最终，人们就不会吃东西。
either两者中的任意一个；neither两者都不；both两者都；other其他的。根据“Because if bees aren’t flourishing (繁荣), ...are people, in the end, people won’t eat as a result.”可知人也没法好好生活，此处是“neither+be+主语”的倒装结构。故选B。
5．句意：无论蜜蜂到哪里，它们都会做一件神奇的事情，从植物中收集花粉。
trees树；vegetables蔬菜；plants植物；onions洋葱。根据常识和选项可知，蜜蜂收集植物的花粉。故选C。
6．句意：它们将花粉从一株植物传播到另一株植物，在这个过程中，蜜蜂使它们有可能结出果实。
produce结果；process过程；silence寂静；importance重要性。根据“They spread pollen from one plant to another”可知，应是蜜蜂在授粉的过程中，可能会使植物开花。 故选B。
7．句意：因此，当美国养蜂人失去了40%的蜜蜂时，就像2017年发生的那样，因为微生物疾病，我们21世纪的人类不仅注意到了，我们开始疯狂地试图解决这个问题。
happened发生；studied学习；made制作；explored探索。根据“So, when U.S. beekeepers lose 40% of their bees, as...in 2017”可知，就像2017年发生的那样。故选A。
8．句意：因此，当美国养蜂人失去了40%的蜜蜂时，就像2017年发生的那样，因为微生物疾病，我们21世纪的人类不仅注意到了，我们开始疯狂地试图解决这个问题。
students学生；governments政府；humans人类；doctors医生。根据“because of the microbial disease (微生物疾病), we 21st-century...not only take notice, we start crazily trying to fix the problem”可知，我们21世纪的人类开始疯狂地试图解决这个问题。故选C。
9．句意：当然，没有灵丹妙药，但最有效的解决方案似乎是找到一种预防微生物疾病的方法。
prevent防止、预防；protect保护；prepare准备；promise承诺。根据“That’s where bee vaccinations (接种疫苗) come in.”可知，目前最可行的解决办法是找到一种预防微生物疾病的方法。故选A。
10．句意：像大多数动物和人类一样，疫苗通过激发身体产生针对某种疾病的抗体来起作用。
serious严重的；certain某个、特定的；strict严格的；real真正的。根据语境和常识可知，疫苗在体内发挥作用，能产生针对某种疾病的抗体。故选B。
11．句意：但蜜蜂不会产生抗体，科学家们认为给它们接种疫苗是不可能的，但2015年的一项研究发现，蜜蜂可以通过卵中的卵黄蛋白原获得制造抗体的能力。
possible可能的；impossible不可能的；terrible糟糕的；probable很可能发生（或存在等）的。根据“But bees don’t make antibodies”可知，科学家们认为给它们接种疫苗是不可能的。故选B。
12．句意：给蜜蜂接种疫苗并不能帮助蜜蜂，但如果你给蜂王接种疫苗，她可以通过她的卵把这种能力传给她的孩子和孙子。
and并且；so因此；until直到；but但是。空前“接种疫苗帮不了它”和空后“给蜂王接种疫苗的话，会传给后代”两句之间构成转折关系，因此选but符合题意。故选D。
13．句意：给蜜蜂接种疫苗并不能帮助蜜蜂，但如果你给蜂王接种疫苗，她可以通过她的卵把这种能力传给她的孩子和孙子。
give给；set设置；pass通过；build建造。根据“but a 2015 study discovered that bees can get the ability of making antibodies through vitellogenin (卵黄蛋白原) in their egg”可知，给蜂王接种疫苗，她可以通过卵子将这种能力传递给她的子女和孙辈。故选C。
14．句意：这种新疫苗将治疗美国臭蜂病（AFB），这是一种使蜜蜂迅速死亡的高度危险的疾病。
death死亡；growth生长；truth事实；depth深度。根据“The new vaccine will treat for American foulbrood (AFB)”以及上文“蜜蜂因为微生物病而遭受损失”可知，这是一种导致蜜蜂死亡的疾病。故选A。
15．句意：蜂王可以用少量的糖水吃药，并把它传给她的孩子。
eat吃；drink饮；make制造；put放。根据“the medicine in a little sugar water and pass it along to her children”可知，此处指吃药。故选A。
Passage 2
（2024·江苏泰州·二模）When I was a child, there wasn’t much for me to read. I didn’t begin to 16 traditional Chinese classical novels until junior high school. And I could read books from other countries 17 attending university.
The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though it was 18 for a first-year student at university, I spent hours and hours 19 the meaning of every word and sentence. It took me almost half a year to 20 the book. With Jane Eyre 21 my heart, I was even more interested in the rich world of 22 . I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D．H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…The 23 goes on and on. Reading is what I cannot live without.
What can one 24 from reading It can be said that serious reading makes one a 25 person. When we read serious books, we must 26 our minds to find some room for new ideas and knowledge. Reading helps us get over all kinds of difficulties in life. We may develop the correct values.
Serious reading also needs time and makes us more 27 . If we want to finish hundreds of pages of War and Peace, we must be prepared for a long journey 28 taking any shortcuts (捷径).
Well-designed classical novels make us more logical (逻辑上的). The writers put 29 hearts and minds into planning stories and expressing their values. To 30 the stories, we must try to understand all of them, which is helpful to our logical training.
16．A．present B．read C．translate D．publish
17．A．before B．after C．till D．since
18．A．important B．comfortable C．difficult D．possible
19．A．turning out B．carrying out C．putting out D．working out
20．A．finish B．sell C．write D．find
21．A．saving B．breaking C．changing D．entering
22．A．history B．literature C．music D．science
23．A．list B．cycle C．story D．system
24．A．understand B．guess C．remember D．gain
25．A．better B．richer C．healthier D．kinder
26．A．send B．fill C．empty D．hold
27．A．powerful B．practical C．patient D．polite
28．A．over B．except C．with D．without
29．A．their B．your C．our D．his
30．A．report B．expect C．follow D．choose
【答案】
16．B 17．B 18．C 19．D 20．A 21．D 22．B 23．A 24．D 25．A 26．C 27．C 28．D 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文主要讲述作者在大学阅读了很多其他国家的书，作者认为认真阅读能够成为更好的人，作者感悟当人们阅读严肃的书籍时，必须保持头脑清醒，以便为新思想、新知识和新灵感找到空间并讲述了阅读带来的益处。
16．句意：我直到初中才开始读中国传统的古典小说。
present展现；read阅读；translate翻译；publish出版。根据上文“When I was a child, there wasn’t much for me to read.”可知，此处指到初中才开始读中国传统的古典小说。故选B。
17．句意：上大学后，我可以读其他国家的书。
before在……之前；after在……之后；till直到；since自从。根据下文“The first English novel that I read was Jane Eyre. Though it was…for a first-year student at university,”可知，作者上大学后读其他国家的书。故选B。
18．句意：虽然这对大学一年级的学生来说很难，但我花了很多时间去弄清楚每个单词和句子的含义。
important重要的；comfortable舒服的；difficult困难的；possible可能的。根据空前的“Though”可知，此处句意发生了转折让步，表示《简·爱》对大学一年级的学生来说很难。故选C。
19．句意：虽然这对大学一年级的学生来说很难，但我花了很多时间去弄清楚每个单词和句子的含义。
turning out结果是；carrying out实施；putting out熄灭；working out解决。根据“I spent hours and hours…the meaning of every word and sentence”的句意并结合选项可知，此处指花了很多时间去弄清楚每个单词和句子的含义。故选D。
20．句意：我花了将近半年的时间才读完这本书。
finish完成；sell卖；write写；find发现。根据上文“I spent hours and hours…the meaning of every word and sentence”可知，作者花了很多时间去弄清楚每个单词和句子的含义，所以用了近半年的时间才读完这本书。故选A。
21．句意：随着《简·爱》进入我的心中，我对丰富的文学世界更加感兴趣。
saving拯救；breaking打破；changing改变；entering进入。根据“I was even more interested in the rich world of…I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D. H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…”可知，作者对文学更加感兴趣，所以此处表示《简·爱》进入作者的心中。故选D。
22．句意：随着《简·爱》进入我的心中，我对丰富的文学世界更加感兴趣。
history历史；literature文学；music音乐；science科学。根据“Jane Eyre”以及下文的“I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D. H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…”可知，此处指文学名著。故选B。
23．句意：这样的清单不胜枚举。
list清单；cycle循环；story故事；system系统。根据上文“I developed a love for reading Charles Dickens, Thomas Hardy, W. S. Maugham, D. H. Lawrence, Ernest Hemingway…”可知，此处列举文人，所以表示清单。故选A。
24．句意：一个人能从阅读中获得什么？
understand理解；guess猜测；remember记住；gain获得。根据下文“Reading helps us get over all kinds of difficulties in life. We may develop the correct values.”可知，阅读帮助我们克服生活中的各种困难，我们可以发展正确的价值观，所以此处询问能从阅读中获得什么。故选D。
25．句意：可以说，认真阅读使人成为更好的人。
better更好的；richer更富有的；healthier更健康的；kinder更善良的。根据下文“We may develop the correct values.”可知，认真阅读使人成为更好的人。故选A。
26．句意：当我们读严肃的书时，我们必须清空我们的头脑，为新的想法和知识找到一些空间。
send送；fill填满；empty清空；hold持有。根据“to find some room for new ideas and knowledge”可知，此处指清空我们的头脑。故选C。
27．句意：认真的阅读也需要时间，让我们更有耐心。
powerful强大的；practical实际的；patient有耐心的；polite有礼貌的。根据“Serious reading also needs time”可知，认真的阅读也需要时间，所以要有耐心。故选C。
28．句意：如果我们想完成数百页的《战争与和平》，我们必须做好长途旅行的准备，不走任何捷径。
over由于；except除了；with和；without没有。根据“we must be prepared for a long journey”可知，我们必须做好长途旅行的准备，不走任何捷径。故选D。
29．句意：作家们全身心地投入到策划故事，表达自己的价值观。
their他们的；your你的；our我们的；his他的。根据主语“The writers”可知，此处指他们的。故选A。
30．句意：为了理解故事，我们必须努力理解所有的故事，这有助于我们的逻辑训练。
report报道；expect期待；follow理解；choose选择。根据“we must try to understand all of them”可知，此处指理解故事。故选C。
Passage 3
（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Deaf children enjoy reading happily
Now there are about 32 million deaf children around the world. Deaf children often have problems in 31 to read. And smartphone maker Huawei, wants to help them out 32 a new app called StorySign. It is powered by artificial intelligence (AI).
Parents and teachers can use the app to help deaf children learn 33 to read. It is easy to 34 the app. Just open the app and 35 on the chosen book from the StorySign Library. Hold the phone up to the words on the page, and the AI Star will then sign the words as the printed words are highlighted (照亮).
Users can also 36 a book from the app’s book library. The first book on the StorySign platform is the popular children’s book Spot the Dog (《斑点狗小玻》).
The app start with a 37 called The Silent Child. The film sees a young girl Star reading 38 with her father on Christmas Eve. Later that night when she goes downstairs to look at her presents, she is filled with 39 to see Father Christmas who hands her a book as a gift. When Father Christmas 40 that the little girl is deaf, Santa begins to sign the book to her.
The developers specifically design the product to make the app’s main character Star 41 with both boys and girls by making her an elder sister or friend. They will help the deaf children read and understand the book. Star’s facial expressions and hands are able to fully 42 the “perfect”sign language. Star also wears a hearing aid (援助). This way, not only are the deaf children learning to read, but they are also happy.
“We created StorySign to help make it 43 for families with deaf children to enjoy an enriched story time,” said Andrew Garrihy, Huawei’s CMO for Western Europe. 44 many deaf children make an effort to learn to read, there are no resources that connect the differences between sign language and written text. The app can be downloaded from app stores in 10 different 45 including English, French, German, and Italian. It perfectly gives them this tool to make it easier for them to read.
31．A．expecting B．learning C．waiting D．teaching
32．A．in B．by C．through D．on
33．A．how B．what C．when D．where
34．A．learn B．get C．use D．enter
35．A．click B．read C．knock D．buy
36．A．borrow B．read C．share D．choose
37．A．film B．play C．show D．cartoon
38．A．happily B．silently C．difficultly D．easily
39．A．pride B．surprise C．excitement D．patience
40．A．hears B．considers C．reviews D．realizes
41．A．popular B．angry C．covered D．satisfied
42．A．speak B．learn C．communicate D．write
43．A．easy B．possible C．necessary D．important
44．A．Although B．While C．Because D．If
45．A．countries B．areas C．languages D．books
【答案】
31．B 32．C 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．D 37．A 38．C 39．B 40．D 41．A 42．C 43．B 44．A 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种能让聋儿喜欢快乐地阅读的app——StorySign。
31．句意：聋儿在学习阅读方面经常有问题。
expecting期待；learning学习；waiting等待；teaching教。根据分析句子“Now there are about 32 million deaf children around the world. Deaf children often have problems in…to read.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达聋儿在学习阅读方面经常有问题，have problems in doing sth.“在做某事上有问题”，固定搭配。故选B。
32．句意：智能手机制造商华为希望通过一款名为StorySign的新应用来帮助他们。
in在……里；by凭借；through通过；on在……上。by表示通过方式，through表示通过某种途径或手段，根据横线后“a new app called StorySign”，结合选项可知，此处应该填入through，介词，意为“通过”符合语境。故选C。
33．句意：家长和老师可以使用该应用程序帮助聋哑儿童学习如何阅读。
how如何；what什么；when当……时候；where在哪里。根据“Parents and teachers can use the app to help deaf children learn…to read.”，结合选项和语境可知，此处应该指的是使用该应用程序帮助聋哑儿童学习如何阅读，所以应该填入how，意为“如何，怎样”符合语境。故选A。
34．句意：这个应用程序很容易使用。
learn学习；get获得；use使用；enter进入。根据后文“Just open the app and…on the chosen book from the StorySign Library.”可知，此处应该填入use，动词，意为“使用”符合语境，表达这个应用程序很容易使用。故选C。
35．句意：只需打开应用程序，点击StorySign图书馆中选择的书籍。
click点击；read阅读；knock碰撞；buy买。根据横线后“on the chosen book from the StorySign Library”，结合选项可知，此处应该指的是点击StorySign图书馆中选择的书籍。故选A。
36．句意：用户也可以从应用程序的图书库中选择一本书。
borrow借入；read阅读；share分享；choose选择。根据横线后“a book from the app’s book library”，结合选项和语境可知，此处应该指的是从应用程序的图书库中选择一本书，所以应该填入choose，动词，意为“选择”符合语境。故选D。
37．句意：该应用始于一部名为《沉默的孩子》的电影。
film电影；play戏剧；show展示，节目；cartoon卡通。根据后文“The film sees a young girl Star reading…with her father on Christmas Eve.”可知，The Silent Child是一部电影的名字，所以此处应该填入film，名词，意为“电影”符合语境。故选A。
38．句意：影片中，一个小女孩和父亲在平安夜艰难地读书。
happily开心地；silently沉默地；difficultly困难地；easily容易地。根据“The film sees a young girl Star reading…with her father on Christmas Eve.”，结合语境可知，此处应该填入difficultly，副词，意为“困难地”符合语境，修饰动词read。故选C。
39．句意：那天晚上晚些时候，当她下楼查看她的礼物时，她惊喜地看到圣诞老人递给她一本书作为礼物。
pride自豪；surprise惊讶；excitement激动，兴奋；patience耐心。根据横线后“to see Father Christmas who hands her a book as a gift”，结合选项和语境可知，此处应该填入surprise，名词，意为“惊讶”符合语境。故选B。
40．句意：当圣诞老人意识到小女孩是聋儿时，圣诞老人开始在书上给她签名。
hears听到；considers思考；reviews复习；realizes了解到，意识到。根据“When Father Christmas…that the little girl is deaf, Santa begins to sign the book to her.”，结合选项和前文语境可知，此处应该表达当圣诞老人意识到小女孩是聋儿时，所以此处应该填入realizes，动词单数形式，作谓语，意为“了解到，意识到”符合语境。故选D。
41．句意：开发人员专门设计了这款产品，通过让应用程序的主角Star成为姐姐或朋友，使她同时受到男孩和女孩的欢迎。
popular受欢迎的；angry生气的；covered覆盖的；satisfied满意的。根据“The developers specifically design the product to make the app’s main character Star…with both boys and girls by making her an elder sister or friend.”，结合选项和语境可知，此处应该填入popular，形容词，意为“受欢迎的”，指的是通过让应用程序的主角明星成为姐姐或朋友，使她同时受到男孩和女孩的欢迎。故选A。
42．句意：Star的面部表情和双手是能够充分交流的“完美”手语。
speak说，讲；learn学习；communicate交流；write写。根据“Star’s facial expressions and hands are able to fully…the “perfect”sign language.”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达明星的面部表情和双手是能够充分交流的“完美”手语，所以应该填入communicate，动词，意为“交流”，be able to do sth.“能够做某事”。故选C。
43．句意：华为CMO，Andrew Garrihy表示:“我们创建StorySign是为了让有失聪儿童的家庭能够享受丰富的故事时间。
easy容易的；possible可能的；necessary必要的；important重要的。根据横线后“for families with deaf children to enjoy an enriched story time”，结合选项可知，此处应该表达我们创建StorySign是为了让有失聪儿童的家庭能够享受丰富的故事时间，所以填入possible，形容词，意为“可能的”符合语境。故选B。
44．句意：尽管许多失聪儿童努力学习阅读，但没有资源将手语和书面文字之间的差异联系起来。
Although虽然，尽管；While当……时候；Because因为；If如果。根据分析句子“…many deaf children make an effort to learn to read, there are no resources that connect the differences between sign language and written text.”，结合选项可知，此处应该填入although，引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管”符合语境。故选A。
45．句意：这款应用可以从应用商店下载到英语、法语、德语、意大利语等10种语言版本。
countries国家；areas地区；languages语言；books书。根据横线后“including English, French, German, and Italian.”可知，此处指的是语言，所以应该填入languages，可数名词复数，意为“语言”符合语境。故选C。
Passage 4
（2024·江苏盐城·二模）What animal is black and white, cute and endangered It can only be the giant panda! Here are some interesting 46 about them.
Why are giant pandas black and white
Scientists are not sure 47 is behind their color, but think it has to do with camouflage (保护色). The panda’s white body color helps it hide in the 48 , while the black part helps it hide in the shade. Other scientists believe that their color may have 49 to do with finding a mate (伴侣). 50 , not all pandas are black and white. There is also a rare brown and white panda.
Why do giant pandas look so cute
Scientists say their big heads, short feet and round bodies have 51 a golden ratio (比例) of “cute world”. Moreover, their round faces, snub noses and way of walking 52 us of human babies. Usually babies who have big eyes look cute. 53 , the dark circles around the eyes make their eyes appear larger, so they look so cute. The cutest part of a giant pandas is their appearance.
Do giant pandas stay 54 during the day and sleep at night like humans
Researchers have spent years studying giant pandas in the 55 . They have noticed that wild giant pandas usually start to be active from 4 a.m. to 6 a.m., rest and then reach a second active peak (高峰) again from 4 p.m. to 6 p.m. and then rest 56 late at night. Daily activities often change with the 57 . For example, in winter giant pandas have to walk a long way to find water, so the activity levels are much 58 in winter than in other seasons. Giant pandas usually spend 10 to 12 hours feeding, 8 to 9 hours resting, and 2 to 3 hours playing or climbing.
What should we know when visiting giant pandas
It’s important for pandas to have a 59 environment. So don’t make noises or sudden movements 60 might scare them. Also, don’t throw food to pandas unless the panda keeper tells you it’s okay to do so, or it could cause them to get sick.
46．A．facts B．ideas C．opinions D．details
47．A．where B．how C．that D．what
48．A．rain B．grass C．snow D．bamboos
49．A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything
50．A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Instead
51．A．read B．designed C．written D．created
52．A．remained B．researched C．remembered D．reminded
53．A．Similarly B．Specially C．Especially D．Exactly
54．A．happy B．active C．calm D．excited
55．A．zoo B．forest C．wild D．mountain
56．A．while B．after C．before D．until
57．A．days B．weeks C．months D．seasons
58．A．higher B．lower C．more D．less
59．A．clean B．tidy C．quiet D．warm
60．A．who B．that C．what D．whom
【答案】
46．A 47．D 48．C 49．B 50．C 51．D 52．D 53．A 54．B 55．C 56．D 57．D 58．A 59．C 60．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了有关大熊猫的一些信息。
46．句意：以下是一些有趣的事实。
facts事实；ideas想法；opinions观点；details细节。根据“Here are some interesting”以及下文内容可知，本文主要介绍了有关熊猫的一些事实。故选A。
47．句意：科学家们不确定它们的颜色背后是什么，但认为这与伪装有关。
where哪里；how如何；that引导从句，无意义；what什么。从句中缺少主语，用what引导宾语从句。故选D。
48．句意：熊猫白色的体色有助于它躲在雪地里，而黑色的部分有助于它们躲在阴凉处。
rain雨；grass草；snow雪；bamboos竹子。根据“The panda’s white body color helps it hide in the”可知白色有助于躲在雪里，进行伪装。故选C。
49．句意：其他科学家认为，它们的颜色可能与寻找配偶有关。
nothing没有事；something一些事；anything任何事；everything所有事。have something to do with“和……有关”。故选B。
50．句意：然而，并不是所有的熊猫都是黑白相间的。
otherwise否则；moreover此外；however然而；instead相反。此处内容和前文是转折关系，用however连接。故选C。
51．句意：科学家们表示，他们的大头、短脚和圆滚滚的身体创造了“可爱世界”的黄金比例。
read读；designed设计；written写；created创造。根据“their big heads, short feet and round bodies have...a golden ratio”可知它们的体型创造了黄金比例。故选D。
52．句意：此外，它们圆圆的脸、翘着的鼻子和走路的方式让我们想起了人类的婴儿。
remained保持不变；researched调查；remembered记得；reminded提醒。根据“us of human babies”可知熊猫使我们想起人类的婴儿。故选D。
53．句意：同样，黑眼圈让他们的眼睛看起来更大，所以他们看起来非常可爱。
similarly相似地；specially特别地；especially尤其是；exactly确切地。根据“Usually babies who have big eyes look cute”以及“the dark circles around the eyes make their eyes appear larger, so they look so cute”可知熊猫和婴儿相似，都很可爱。故选A。
54．句意：大熊猫像人类一样白天活跃，晚上睡觉吗？
happy开心的；active积极的；calm镇定的；excited兴奋的。根据“during the day and sleep at night like humans”可知人类是白天活跃，晚上睡觉。故选B。
55．句意：研究人员花了数年时间研究野外大熊猫。
zoo动物园；forest森林；wild野外；mountain山。根据“wild giant pandas”可知是野外大熊猫。故选C。
56．句意：野生大熊猫通常从凌晨4点到6点开始活动，休息，然后从下午4点到下午6点再次达到第二个活动高峰，然后休息到深夜。
while当；after在……之后；before在……之前；until直到。根据“then rest...late at night”可知是休息到深夜。故选D。
57．句意：日常活动经常随季节变化。
days天；weeks周；months月；seasons季节。根据“in winter”可知是随着季节变化。故选D。
58．句意：在冬天，大熊猫必须走很长的路才能找到水，所以冬天的活动水平比其他季节高得多。
higher更高；lower更低；more更多；less更少。根据“giant pandas have to walk a long way to find water, so the activity levels are much”可知在冬天，熊猫要走很长时间的路，所以它们冬天的活动水平高。故选A。
59．句意：对熊猫来说，有一个安静的环境很重要。
clean干净的；tidy整洁的；quiet安静的；warm温暖的。根据“don’t make noises or sudden movements”可知不要制造噪音，说明熊猫喜欢安静的环境。故选C。
60．句意：所以，不要发出可能吓到他们的噪音或突然动作。
who引导定语从句，关系词是人，在从句中作主语、宾语；that引导定语从句，关系词是人或物，在从句中作主语、宾语；what不引导定语从句；whom引导定语从句，关系词是人，在从句中作宾语。句子是定语从句，先行词是物，关系词在从句中作主语，用that引导定语从句。故选B。
Passage 5
（2024·江苏淮安·一模）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A man was visiting an elephant camp. He found that the elephants weren’t kept in 61 or by chains(铁链). There was only a small piece of rope 62 them from running away. And the rope was just tied to one of 63 legs.
As the man looked at the elephants, he couldn’t understand it— 64 didn’t the elephants just use their strength to break the rope and escape After all, they could 65 do so. However, they didn’t try at all.
Wanting to know the answer, he 66 a trainer nearby.
“When they were very young and much smaller, we used the same 67 of rope to tie them. At that age, it was 68 to hold them. As they grew up, they 69 believed that they couldn’t break the rope and run away. They believed it could hold them as before, so they never tried to get themselves 70 .” the trainer answered.
The man was speechless. These animals could break the rope 71 they wanted, but they never tried just because as time went by, they believed that it just wasn’t 72 .
How many of us go through life like the elephants-holding onto the belief that we cannot do something simply because we 73 it once or some times before
So please be careful that our 74 can prevent our development. We might not be able to achieve our goal in the past, 75 it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. We should never give up trying even when we experience failures in life.
61．A．zoos B．boxes C．camps D．cages
62．A．protecting B．stopping C．forcing D．suggesting
63．A．their B．her C．our D．your
64．A．why B．how C．when D．what
65．A．carefully B．easily C．closely D．wisely
66．A．helped B．caught C．missed D．asked
67．A．length B．number C．size D．age
68．A．enough B．wrong C．strange D．hard
69．A．still B．even C．never D．almost
70．A．happy B．free C．calm D．creative
71．A．however B．whatever C．whenever D．moreover
72．A．serious B．comfortable C．important D．possible
73．A．completed B．lost C．achieved D．failed
74．A．action B．choice C．thoughts D．moods
75．A．because B．but C．or D．so
【答案】
61．D 62．B 63．A 64．A 65．B 66．D 67．C 68．A 69．A 70．B 71．C 72．D 73．D 74．C 75．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了动物园中的大象由于习惯而不挣开绳子的束缚，由此告诫读者不要被一次的失败给打到，曾经的失败有可能会在将来逆转。
61．句意：他发现大象不是被关在笼子里或被锁链锁住的。
zoos动物园；boxes盒子；camps帐篷；cages笼子。根据“the elephants weren’t kept in…”可知大象不是被……里面，因此是笼子里。故选D。
62．句意：只有一小根绳子阻止它们逃跑。
protecting保护；stopping停止；forcing逼迫；suggesting建议。短语stop sb from doing sth表示“阻止某人做某事”。故选B。
63．句意：绳子只是绑在他们的一条腿上。
their他们的；her她的；our我们的；your你的。此处是指绑在大象的腿上，应用their指代大象的。故选A。
64．句意：大象们为什么不直接用力挣断绳子逃跑呢？
why为什么；how怎样；when什么时候；what什么。根据“he couldn’t understand it”可知他无法理解，因此是有疑问，想知道为什么。故选A。
65．句意：毕竟，它们很容易这样做。
carefully小心地；easily容易地；closely亲密地；wisely明智地。根据“just use their strength to break the rope and escape”可知直接用力挣断绳子逃跑，这对大象来说是很容易的。故选B。
66．句意：想知道答案，他问了附近的一位饲养员。
helped帮助；caught抓住；missed错过；asked询问。根据“Wanting to know the answer”可知想知道答案，因此要问别人。故选D。
67．句意：当它们很小，更小的时候，我们用同样大小的绳子来绑它们。
length长度；number数字；size尺寸；age年龄。根据前文的“There was only a small piece of rope”可知只有一小根绳子，因此是和小时候同样的尺寸。故选C。
68．句意：在那个年纪，足以绑住它们。
enough足够的；wrong错误的；strange陌生的，奇怪的；hard坚强的。从前文可知，小时候就开始用小绳子绑住，因此是足够的。故选A。
69．句意：长大后，他们仍然相信自己无法挣脱绳索逃跑。
still依然；even甚至；never从不；almost几乎。根据“ They believed it could hold them as before,”可知它们相信它可以像以前一样困住它们，因此是依然觉得不能逃脱。故选A。
70．句意：所以它们从未试图让自己自由。
happy高兴的；free自由的；calm平静的；creative有创造力的。根据“ They believed it could hold them as before,”可知它们相信它可以像以前一样困住它们，因此是不挣脱让自己自由。故选B。
71．句意：这些动物可以随时打破绳索。
however然而；whatever无论什么；whenever无论何时；moreover而且。根据“but they never tried”可知它们从不尝试，因此是可以随时打破束缚的。故选C。
72．句意：但它们从未尝试过，因为随着时间的推移，它们认为这是不可能的。
serious严肃的；comfortable舒服的；important重要的；possible可能的。根据前文的“ They believed it could hold them as before, ”可知它们觉得还是像以前一样困住它们，因此是觉得不是可能的。故选D。
73．句意：我们中有多少人像大象一样度过一生，坚信我们不能做成功某事仅仅因为我们曾经失败过一次？
completed完成；lost迷失；achieved完成，实现；failed失败。根据“we cannot do something”可知不能做成某事，是因为曾经的失败。故选D。
74．句意：所以请注意，我们的思想会阻碍我们的发展。
action行动；choice选择；thoughts想法；moods情绪。从前文可知，是认为自己不能成功的想法阻止了自己的发展。故选C。
75．句意：我们过去可能无法实现我们的目标，但这并不意味着我们永远不会成功。
because因为；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“We might not be able to achieve our goal in the past,… it doesn’t mean we can never succeed. ”可知空格前后是转折关系，应用but。故选B。
Passage 6
（2024·江苏宿迁·三模）阅读下面短文，从短文后每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Most people think of education only in terms of formal classes. When people graduate from high school or college, they usually think their education is 76 . But it’s important to continue learning after finishing school. And making the effort 77 personally and professionally. On a personal level, learning can be 78 . It can give you something interesting to talk about. And it is good for your 79 . Just as exercise makes your body stronger, your mind becomes 80 when you use it. Being a lifelong learner can also help you with your work or job. Knowledge in other areas can help you develop 81 ideas in your present job. Also, becoming an export in an area outside of your present job gives you freedom and 82 you to take a job in 83 field if you want to. So 84 do you become a lifelong learner First, you need to be determined to keep on learning new things even when it isn’t easy. It may help if you find friends who will encourage your learning. It’s also a good idea to find 85 to learn during your day. Carry a book with you, and read when you have to wait, Audio books (有声读物) are also 86 . It’s easy to carry them. You can 87 them while traveling or doing housework. Finding ways to use what you learn can help you 88 things. If you want to learn to fix appliance (家用电器), try fixing some at home. If you’re learning 89 , find someone who speaks that language to talk to. If you’re learning facts about science, 90 what you’re learning to someone else. Then you can help that person be a lifelong leaner, too!
76．A．useless B．meaningful C．perfect D．complete
77．A．pays off B．runs out C．stays up D．passes by
78．A．boring B．stupid C．fun D．surprising
79．A．study B．job C．brain D．ability
80．A．sharp B．sharper C．sharpen D．the sharpest
81．A．same B．old C．common D．creative
82．A．advises B．allows C．invites D．teaches
83．A．other B．the other C．the others D．another
84．A．how B．what C．who D．which
85．A．skills B．interests C．time D．knowledge
86．A．helpless B．helpful C．interesting D．cheap
87．A．listen to B．watch C．play with D．search for
88．A．make B．decorate C．remember D．believe
89．A．history B．labour C．science D．German
90．A．explain B．discuss C．send D．offer
【答案】
76．D 77．A 78．C 79．C 80．B 81．D 82．B 83．D 84．A 85．C 86．B 87．A 88．C 89．D 90．A
【导语】本文讲述终身学习的益处，以及如何做到终身学习。
76．句意：当人们从高中或大学毕业，他们通常认为他们的教育完成了。
useless无用的；meaningful重要的；perfect完美的；complete完成。根据“graduate from high school or college”可知，人们通常认为毕业就是完成教育了。故选D。
77．句意：付出努力会在个人和职业上得到回报。
pays off获得回报，带来好结果；runs out用完；stays up熬夜；passes by路过。根据后文“It can give you...”和“And it is good for...”可知，此处应为付出努力的好处。故选A。
78．句意：在个人层面上，学习可能很有趣。
boring令人厌倦的；stupid愚蠢的；fun有趣的；surprising令人惊讶的。根据“It can give you something interesting to talk about. ”可知，学习能带来乐趣。故选C。
79．句意：并且学习对你的大脑有好处。
study学习；job工作；brain脑；ability能力。根据后面“...your mind...”可知，此处应为学习对大脑的好处。故选C。
80．句意：正如锻炼使你的身体更强壮一样，当你使用大脑时，思维会变得更敏锐。
sharp敏锐的；sharper(sharp的比较级)；sharpen锐化；the sharpest（sharp的最高级）。根据“Just as exercise makes your body stronger”可知，后面应用比较级与前面保持一致。故选B。
81．句意：其他领域的知识可以帮助你在目前的工作中培养创造性的想法。
same相同的；old老的；common普通的；creative创造性的。根据“Being a lifelong learner can also help you with your work or job. ”可知，终身学习对工作有帮助，一方面是因为它能提供创造性的想法。故选D。
82．句意：同时，丰富的知识为你成为当前工作之外某个领域的专家提供了自由，如果你想，也可以在另一个领域找到工作。
advises建议（advise的第三人称单数形式）；allows允许（allow的第三人称单数形式）；invites邀请（invite的第三人称单数形式）；teaches教（teache的第三人称单数形式）。根据句意和空后“you to take a job ”可知，此处应为允许找工作。故选B。
83．句意：同时，丰富的知识为你成为当前工作之外某个领域的专家提供了自由，如果你想，也可以在另一个领域找到工作。
other其他的（人或物），常用语修饰可数名词复数；the other另一个（特指两者中的另一个或两部分中的另一部分）；the others（泛指除去一部分后的另一些）；another另一个（泛指三者或三人以上中的另一个）。根据句意和空后“field if you want to.”可知，此处应为你工作之外的另一个领域。故选D。
84．句意：那么，应如何成为终身学习者呢？
how怎样；what什么；who谁；which哪一个。根据后文内容可知，此处应为对“方式”进行提问。故选A。
85．句意：白天抽出时间学习也是个好主意。
sills技能；Interests兴趣；time时间；knowledge知识。根据“Carry a book with you, and read when you have to wait...”可知，此处应为抽时间学习。故选C。
86．句意：有声读物也很有用。
helpless无助的；helpful有帮助的；interesting有趣的；cheap便宜的。根据“...when you have to wait”可知，利用好白天等待的时间学习，有声读物应该也是有帮助的。故选B。
87．句意：你可以在旅行或做家务时听有声读物。
listen to听；watch看；play with玩；search for搜索。根据“Audio books”和“It’s easy to carry them.”可知，有声读物便于携带，可以在旅行或做家务时听。故选A。
88．句意：找到使用所学知识的方法可以帮助你记住它们。
make制作；decorate装饰；remember记得；believe相信。根据“If you want to learn to fix appliance, try fixing some at home. ”可知，实践的目的是为了记住所学的知识。故选C。
89．句意：如果你正学习德语，找一个会说德语的人来对话。
history历史；labour劳动；science科学；German德语。根据“find someone who speaks that language to talk to.”可知，此处是要学某种语言。故选D。
90．句意：如果你正在学习关于科学的事实，你可以把正在学习的内容向他人解释。
explain解释；discuss讨论；send发送；offer提供。根据“Then you can help that person be a lifelong leaner, too!”可知，把正在学习的内容向他人解释，帮助他人成为终身学习者。故选A。
Passage 7
（23-24九年级上·江苏宿迁·期末）I owe (亏欠) my father a huge thank-you! Sure, I need to 91 him for all those years of paying my bills, fixing my 92 , and providing a shoulder to cry on. But this year I 93 that his contributions to my childhood were much more than that.
I grew up as Daddy’s Little Girl. If I had a 94 that needed solving or a question that needed answering, he was the one I ran to. He helped me 95 everything from math homework as a student to career choices as a young adult. He always 96 that I should do my best in whatever I did, and he believed I could succeed in 97 I put my mind to. As a result, I learned to hold myself to those same standards. He always showed me unconditional 98 , which helped me learn to love myself. It was something I’d taken for granted (想当然) until I realized from talking with my 99 that they had no similar view of their self-worth. Having fathers that didn’t believe in them made them grow up not 100 in themselves.
As I was growing up, my father also showed me how a woman should be 101 . He got along with my mom with love and respect. 102 , I grew to expect nothing less than that from the men I dated and from the man I would finally marry. Dad was 103 a living picture of godliness (虔诚), honesty and responsibility. It was only recently that I realized what a deep influence 104 have on their daughters’ lives. That is 105 I want to thank my dad for the example of love that he has been to me throughout my life.
91．A．accept B．remind C．thank D．remember
92．A．bikes B．homework C．illness D．knowledge
93．A．forgot B．realized C．discovered D．compared
94．A．present B．reason C．letter D．problem
95．A．get through B．get away C．look through D．look into
96．A．wondered B．expected C．refused D．doubted
97．A．something B．anybody C．nothing D．anything
98．A．energy B．money C．effort D．love
99．A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．relatives
100．A．guessing B．believing C．thinking D．judging
101．A．thought B．satisfied C．respected D．pleased
102．A．Therefore B．However C．Moreover D．Anyway
103．A．seriously B．hardly C．truly D．terribly
104．A．sisters B．brothers C．mothers D．fathers
105．A．who B．what C．where D．why
【答案】
91．C 92．A 93．B 94．D 95．A 96．B 97．D 98．D 99．A 100．B 101．C 102．A 103．C 104．D 105．D
【导语】本文讲述了作者的父亲对其成长经历的影响，表达了作者对父爱的感恩之情。
91．句意：当然，我需要感谢他这么多年来为我付账单，修自行车，给我一个可以依靠哭泣的肩膀。
accept接受； remind提醒； thank感谢； remember记得。根据前文中“a huge thank-you”和空后“for”，可知此处是短语thank sb. for sth.表示“感谢某人做某事”。故选C。
92．句意：当然，我需要感谢他这么多年来为我付账单，修自行车，给我一个可以依靠哭泣的肩膀。
bikes自行车； homework家庭作业； illness疾病； knowledge知识。根据空前“fixing”，可知是修理自行车。故选A。
93．句意：但今年我意识到，他对我童年的贡献远不止于此。
forgot忘记； realized意识到； discovered发现； compared比较。根据空后“his contributions to my childhood were much more than that”可知空处表示“意识到”。故选B。
94．句意：如果我有一个问题需要解决或问题需要回答，他是我跑去寻求帮助的人。
present礼物； reason原因； letter信； problem问题。根据空后“solving”可知是解决问题。故选D。
95．句意：从学生时代的数学作业到成年后的职业选择，他帮助我解决了所有问题。
get through干完、通过； get away逃离； look through浏览； look into考查。根据空后“from math homework as a student to career choices as a young adult”可知，从学生时代的数学作业到成年后的职业选择，结合“everything”，可知此处表示“解决了所有问题”。故选A。
96．句意：他总是期望我做任何事情都要做到最好，他相信我能在任何事情上取得成功。
wondered想知道； expected期待； refuse
