专题12 阅读理解四大体裁剖析及满分攻略
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 2
记叙文解题策略 2
应用文解题策略 5
说明文解题策略 6
议论文解题策略.………………………………………………………………………………9
中考练场 11
【题型概述】
体裁：应用文（广告、通知）、记叙文（故事、人物传记）、说明文（科普、文化）
题材：贴近学生生活（校园活动、社会热点）、渗透文化意识（中外习俗对比）
篇幅：每篇约 200-300 词，总阅读量约 800-1000 词。
强化思维能力：增加跨学科知识融合（如环保、科技类文章）
注重语篇结构：考查段落逻辑关系（因果、对比、例证）
突出文化意识：涉及英语国家社会常识（节日、礼仪）
【命题解读】
◆ 分题型突破
细节题：划题干关键词→定位原文→对比选项（警惕偷换概念、绝对化表述）
推理题：排除原文直接陈述的选项，选择需 “一步推导” 的答案
词义题：关注定义句、同位语、转折词（如 but, however）
主旨题：首尾段 + 高频词，避免 “以偏概全”
态度题：标注文中情感词（如 fortunately, surprisingly）。
◆ 整体策略
先题后文：快速浏览题干，预判考点位置
限时训练：每篇控制在 5-7 分钟，培养时间感
长难句分析：抓主干（主谓宾），忽略插入语
【应试技巧】
应用文
英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。应用文宜采用“题干定位法”、采用寻读、跳读的方法
记叙文
阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。中考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
说明文
说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点，难点之一。它既不像记叙文那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
议论文
议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。
记叙文解题策略
【考点诠释】
关键词定位法：记叙文通常包含时间、地点、人物、事件等关键信息。通过定位这些关键词，可以快速把握文章的主要内容。例如，在阅读一篇关于学校活动的记叙文时，可以先找到活动的时间（如“last Monday”）、地点（如“in the school hall”）、参与人员（如“all the students”）和主要事件（如“a speech contest”），从而对文章有一个清晰的框架。
情感线索法：关注文中人物的情感变化，这往往是文章的线索之一。情感的变化通常与事件的发展紧密相关，通过把握情感线索，可以更好地理解文章的主题和作者的意图。比如在一篇描述友情的故事中，主人公从孤独到快乐的情感转变，可能暗示了友情的力量这一主题。
【解题策略】
抓主线：关注故事的开端、发展、高潮和结局。
细节定位：通过时间、地点、人物等关键词快速定位细节。
情感态度：注意作者或人物的情感变化，推理其态度或意图。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2025·江苏常州·一模）Big World, Yi Yangqianxi’s new movie, has warmed the hearts of many. Yi stars as Liu Chunhe, a young man with cerebral palsy (脑瘫). Chunhe helps his grandmother realize her dream of performing on stage. He also discovers himself in this process.
The movie opens with Chunhe climbing the stairs. His steps are shaky. It looks like he might fall at any moment. Indeed, Chunhe doesn’t have great control of his body. He needs the bed’s handrail to get out of bed. His fingers are bent, and his speech is unclear. After saying a long sentence, he stops to catch his breath. Even eating can be dangerous because it’s easy for him to choke (噎住).
People often treat him unkindly and look at him with pity, fear or dislike. This makes Chunhe’s life even harder. But the movie sends a strong message: Cerebral palsy is not silly! Chunhe doesn’t need pity or to be seen as weak. He needs respect and the chance to live as a “little me” in a big world. He reminds us that we can all define our own happiness, even though we are not “perfect.”
Yi spent a lot of time watching people with cerebral palsy and preparing for the role. It turns out so real that the people watching the movie forget about the big star for 131 minutes. All they see is a common young man with special needs. Yi’s hard work has helped the movie draw duo attention to people like Chunhe. Their lives should be made easier, not harder.
1．What challenges does Liu Chunhe face in his daily life
A．He cannot walk or speak and has a hard life.
B．He completely depends on others for everything.
C．He has difficulty in basic tasks like walking, eating, and speaking.
D．He is treated with kindness and respect by everyone around him.
2．What do viewers forget about Yi Yangqianxi while watching the movie
A．His acting skills. B．His popularity as a star. C．His physical appearance. D．His past roles.
3．What does the underlined word “define” most probably mean in Paragraph 3
A．To compare something carefully. B．To introduce something meaningful.
C．To create or decide something for oneself. D．To forget about something important.
4．How should the society treat people like Liu Chunhe
A．They should be treated with pity and fear.
B．They should be seperated from society.
C．They should be given respect and chances to live their own lives.
D．They should be seen as weak and try to help them.
二、 应用文解题策略
【考点诠释】
格式识别法：应用文有不同的格式，标题（Title）、项目符号（Bullet Points）、表格（Table）、特殊格式（如书信、通知、海报等）。熟悉这些格式有助于快速获取关键信息。例如，在阅读一封求职信时，可以根据书信的格式，先找到写信人的基本信息、求职意向，再关注信中的主要内容，如工作经历、技能等。
目的推断法：明确应用文的写作目的，这可以帮助理解文章的重点。比如，一份产品说明书的目的是向用户介绍产品的使用方法和特点，那么在阅读时就可以重点关注这些方面的内容，而不需要过多关注一些背景介绍或其他次要信息。
【解题策略】
抓关键信息：关注标题、时间、地点、目的等核心信息。
细节比对：将试题与原文信息逐一比对，排除干扰选项。
逻辑推理：根据文中提供的信息推断隐含内容。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）
1．According to the passage, who was the buyer of the medicine
A．Mr. Brown. B．Mr. Brown’s child. C．Jane Smith. D．Jane Smith’s child.
2．The medicine can be helpful for you if you ________.
A．catch a cold B．cut your finger C．break your leg D．have a toothache
3．Which of the following is true about the medicine label
A．It can be taken by all people.
B．You can drive after taking the medicine.
C．It won’t work without drinking water.
D．It can’t be taken after June, 23, 2023.
三、 说明文解题策略
【考点诠释】
结构分析法：说明文一般有固定的结构，如总分总、分总等。了解文章的结构有助于快速找到所需信息。例如，一篇介绍动物习性的说明文，可能会先总体介绍这种动物的特点，然后分别从外形、饮食习惯、栖息地等方面进行详细说明，最后进行总结。在阅读时，可以先快速浏览开头和结尾段，了解文章的大致主题和总结，再根据问题在中间段落中寻找具体细节。
图表辅助法：对于一些包含数据、过程等信息的说明文，可以利用图表来辅助理解。比如，在阅读一篇关于地球气候变化的说明文时，文中可能会有温度变化的曲线图、不同地区降水情况的柱状图等。通过分析这些图表，可以更直观地理解文章中描述的变化趋势和数据关系，从而更好地回答相关问题。
【解题策略】
抓主题句：通常出现在段落开头或结尾，帮助理解主旨。
逻辑关系：注意因果关系、对比关系等逻辑结构。
细节理解：根据问题关键词定位具体信息。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）
Do you know full confidence in your memory Look at the two pictures and choose the one which you think is correct. Then check with the answer.
Answer: The one on the right is correct. Pikachu never had a black tail in any of its various versions. Its yellow tail does have brown fur at its base, but there is no sign of black fur on its tail.
There has been a discussion about whether it is shi or si in the sentence “Thus when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man…” (“故天将降大任于是/斯人也……”).
Most people voted si as what they learned at school. However, People’s Education Press (PEP), a leading publisher of Chinese textbooks, claimed on Oct. 26 that all its textbooks say shi.
Supporters of si feel shocked and say they’ve experienced the “Mandela Effect” — the situation in which a large number of people believe that an event happened when it didn’t.
Many people believed that former South African president Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s in prison. However, Mandela was alive and well, eventually passing away in 2013. US researchers Fiona Broome created a website to detail her discovery of this public phenomenon, coining the term (术语) which has been in use till now.
Some often joke that our memories have been changed by a strange force. In fact, psychologists have looked into the reasons for the Mandela Effect, as reported on the US-based website Verywell Mind.
For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虚构症). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.
The internet may be another reason why we tend to have Mandela Effect events, as the news we read can be false from the beginning. In 2018, Science journal published a study of over 100,000 news stories discussed across Twitter. It showed that false news can spread faster and reach more people than the truth. As a powerful way to spread information, the internet might be the main reason for falsehoods to enter our minds.
41．Why does the writer mention the discussion about the sentence in Paragraph 3
A．To solve a mystery of Mandela Effect. B．To raise readers’ interest in confabulation.
C．To introduce the topic of the Mandela Effect. D．To discuss which word is the right one, si or shi.
42．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “coining” in Paragraph 6
A．Inventing. B．Borrowing. C．Describing. D．Correcting.
43．How does the writer further explain the Mandela Effect
A．By showing pictures. B．By giving examples.
C．By presenting reasons. D．By drawing conclusions.
44．What can we infer from the passage
A．Most people know the former South African president Mandela well.
B．The word si or shi both existed in Chinese textbooks published by the PEP.
C．If you can tell the right Pikachu, you will never suffer from the Mandela Effect.
D．If you remember details that never happened, you may experience the Mandela Effect.
四、议论文解题策略
【考点诠释】
论点定位法：议论文的核心是论点，通常出现在文章的开头或结尾。快速找到论点可以明确文章的主旨。例如，在一篇讨论环保重要性的议论文中，开头可能会明确提出“环保是当今社会亟待解决的重要问题”这一论点，后续内容都是围绕这一论点展开论证。
论据分析法：在理解论点的基础上，分析作者使用的论据。论据可以是事实、数据、名人名言等，通过评估论据的可靠性和相关性，可以更好地理解作者的观点和论证过程。比如，作者引用了某项科学研究的数据来支持环保措施的有效性，就可以通过分析这些数据的来源和合理性，来判断作者论证的强度。
【解题策略】
抓论点：明确作者的观点或立场。
论据分析：理解支持论点的理由或事实。
推理判断：根据作者观点推断其态度或意图。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2024·江苏南京·三模）If I had a cold, I wouldn’t think twice about telling my friends or my doctor. For some reason, however, if I had a mental (心理的) problem, I might not treat it in the same way.
At my elementary school, mental health was not discussed even once as far as I can remember. This makes me wonder how many other schools are failing to educate their students on this topic. It makes me sad that children growing up with mental illness may feel like it is something to be ashamed of (对……感到羞耻的) because it is never discussed. When I reached high school, mental health was still seldom discussed. But when it was in the topic of health or biology class, I was given a broad idea that mental illness was a “thing” that really lies.
In my opinion, overstressed high school students could benefit (获益) greatly from more deep discussions about how to deal with mental health problems, such as how to know when you should care about yourself or a friend, or who to reach out for help. I know my friends and I could have benefited. Even if you personally have never faced mental health problems, someone you know is sure to have, and you can offer timely help.
I also believe we need to normalize (使……正常化) discussions about mental health at an early age, rather than hiding them from sight. At school, I saw a student’s report on mental health education and how it can be carried out in the American school system. The student used the film Iniside Out to explain feelings to younger kids. This report made me believe that it is possible to start these discussions at a young age if we try.
Although we can’t change the way people think about mental health over one night, there are still things we can do. Asking our friends how they’re feeling is a good start.
1．How does the writer introduce his topic in Paragraph 1
A．By showing facts. B．By giving numbers.
C．By making comparison. D．By sharing a story.
2．What does the writer learn from the student’s report
A．Kids who are healthy outside might be ill inside.
B．Mental health discussions can be held with young kids.
C．The American school system is open to mental health education.
D．Watching educational films can help children with mental illness.
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the article
A．①②③/④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①/②/③④/⑤
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Mental health matters! B．Is it okay if it’s not good
C．The earlier, the better! D．How to pay attention to mental health
【模拟练】
Passage 1
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Gold-diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.
Buck had lived in Mr. Miller’s house for four years since he was born. There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many other dogs, but they lived together in the kennels (狗舍), or inside the house. But Buck was neither a house dog nor a kennel dog. He was king—king over the whole of Mr. Miller’s lands. He went swimming with Mr. Miller’s sons, and walking with his daughters. He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr. Miller’s feet in front of the fire in winter.
This was 1897 when the discovery of gold brought men from everywhere to northwest Canada for gold-digging. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr. Miller’s farmers, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr. Miller was away on business. Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only a strange man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.
Buck growled (低吼). Gradually it was hard for him to breathe when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man in anger. The man caught Buck and forced him to lie on his back. For a few moments he was unable to move. When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train...
—Taken from the The Call of the Wild
5．Why did these gold-diggers want big dogs
A．To kill big dogs for meat. B．To sell big dogs for money.
C．To train big dogs for gold-digging. D．To take care of their children.
6．What does the writer want to show by using the sentence “Buck did not read the newspapers” twice
A．Buck didn’t have the good habit of reading.
B．Buck didn’t know how to get help from the newspapers.
C．Buck didn’t expect himself to be in a dangerous situation.
D．Buck didn’t know Manuel just wanted an evening walk with him.
7．What is the correct order of the events in the story
① Buck was thrown into the train. ② Manuel took Buck out for a walk.
③ Buck was tied with a rope and sold. ④ Buck lived as a king in Mr. Miller’s house.
A．④②③① B．④①②③ C．②④③① D．③①④②
Passage 2
（2025·江苏盐城·一模）
4．The material is probably taken from ________.
A．a website for travelling B．a webpage for decoration
C．a website for attractions D．a webpage for airlines
5．Which country is the user going to
A．Japan. B．France. C．America. D．Russia.
6．What do we know about Hotel Duo
A．Its suite has a kitchen. B．It’s less popular among people.
C．It doesn’t need prepayment to book. D．It has two bathrooms.
Passage 3
（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）For as long as we can remember, one of the most popular ways parents use to punish their children has been the “time out”.
It seems that it is a good idea: the child sits on his own to reflect (反思) on what he has done. Then, when the time is up, he will apologize and learn from the mistake.
However, just because it’s something that’s been done for years, that doesn’t mean it is the right thing to do. In fact, very often, children don’t sit nicely and think about what they’ve done. Instead, they need to be told a few (or many) times to go back to their places and stay quiet. They’re not reflecting on why they are in the “time out” at all. More likely than not, they’re probably just really angry, and ‘so’ are the parents. In the end, both the parents and the children make each other unhappy, or even angry.
What can parents do to change this situation You may have already heard of things like peaceful parenting (育儿) and gentle parenting. These focus on the relationship between parent and child through building trust and love. So, instead of starting a “time out”, try something called “time in”. A “time in” needs both parent and child to stay close until both get calm. After that, the parent, and child can discuss what happened and solve the problem together. If the child can make changes, everyone can then move on.
As we all know, punishment and violence (暴力) seldom work and will never teach the children what the right way to act is. A “time in” can be the great time for the children to learn through mistakes. Kids learn how to build their emotional and social skills through difficult situations. So, instead of punishing them for acting their age, we can use chances to teach and guide them to a place of learning.
A “time in” may take more time, but it does work.
1．In the writer’s opinion, a “time out” ________.
A．is becoming more popular B．doesn’t always work
C．should be parents' first choice D．takes too much time
2．During a “time out”, a child is told to ________.
A．stay outside B．make a promise
C．sit alone and reflect D．return to school
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Why not “time in” B．Learn from mistakes!
C．“Time out” or “time in” D．No violence at home!
Passage 4
（2024·江苏常州·三模）What interests many parents is that musical training improves the development of brains— that “music makes us smarter”. According to a study by the UK’s largest music education body, 7 out of every 10 children say they presently play a musical instrument. Whether this figure (数字) shows that most parents do believe the statement, or whether the potential benefits of music are hard to ignore (忽视). Ongoing research looks for suggestive evidence (证据) proving that musical training may actually strengthen the so-called “smart skills”.
The relationship between music and memory has long been the subject of research. In the 2003 study by The Chinese University of Hong Kong were 90 boys between 6 and 15, half of whom had 1 to 5 years of musical training and half of whom had none at all. Each of them had a memory test, with the musically trained students recalling more words, and being able to remember more words after 30 minutes. One year later, a follow-up study showed that those students who continued training, as well as beginners who had recently begun musical training, both showed improvement in retention. However, students who had stopped music practice fewer than three months after the first study showed no further improvement. These results suggest that music training might improve memory function.
There is also increasing evidence that musical training may result in changes to the brain structure. Noticeable differences have been found between the brains of musicians and non-musicians. The size of those musician’s brain areas connected with hearing and visuospatial (视觉空间) abilities is larger. A 2014 study found that the part of the cortex (大脑皮层) was thicker in children who had taken musical training.
However, like many scientific studies, research into the benefits of music remains ongoing, with many different opinions. Some disagree that music makes people smarter. Others think that people who are naturally gifted in the cognitive (认知的) functions are simply more likely to play musical instruments. It would therefore be premature (草率的) to state without any doubt that music makes people smarter. Whatever the truth behind the statement that “music makes us smarter”, it should eventually come second only to the fact that music is one of life’s greatest pleasures.
4．The studies by The Chinese University of Hong Kong show that ______.
A．most parents believe the statement
B．people who take musical training might be happier
C．musical training may result in changes to the brain
D．musical training might improve students’ ability to remember things
5．The word “retention” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______.”
A．practice B．memory C．train D．subject
6．What can we learn from the passage
A．People have different opinions on whether music can make them smarter.
B．A child whose cortex is thicker prefers to take musical training.
C．70 percent of students like playing musical instrument.
D．Students who had taken the test had continued training.
7．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To suggest that people learn a musical instrument.
B．To show that finding pleasure in music is important.
C．To stress that musical training may benefit the brain
D．To remind that musicians are usually smart.
Passage 5
（2024·江苏连云港·二模）It’s important to teach your children good manners. Teaching good manners should begin long before they know how to walk or talk. In life, you have to set a good example for them.
But how do we teach them good manners There is a good book, How to behave and Why. It is written by Munro Leaf. I read it with my first grade students and we love the book. It tells good manners that every child should know. The words in the book are not difficult and there are pictures in it. They make the book easy to comprehend.
In daily life, before children are going to school or a friend’s house, tell them the importance of good manners. In your family, you can make a list of family manners. This helps children learn good manners anytime. And you can have a manner’s competition. It makes learning manners more interesting.
What are good manners for children At school, they should respect teachers and other classmates. They shouldn’t be noisy in class. And they should say “hello” or “goodbye” to teachers and classmates, and “thank you” when they get help from others. Good table manners are important, too. For example, teach your children not to talk with their mouth full. Tell them that old people should eat first. Teach your children not to be late for classes, parties, meetings and so on.
In fact, good manners will provide a lot of help for your children in their daily life. So teach them to your children and learn with your children.
5．From paragraph 1, we know the passage may be written for ________.
A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．students
6．What does the underlined word “comprehend” mean
A．Record. B．Print. C．Buy. D．Understand.
7．Which paragraphs show us examples of teaching children good manners
A．Paragraphs 1 & 2. B．Paragraphs 2 & 3.
C．Paragraphs 3 & 4. D．Paragraphs 4 & 5.
8．What does the writer think of children learning good manners
A．Helpful. B．Creative. C．Useless. D．Boring.
【真题练】
（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）My father was busy fixing Belinda’s spaceship all afternoon. In the evening, I went to the landing place. “Dear Father,” I said politely. “Have you found Belinda’s parents yet ”
“Not yet, my dear.” He shook his head.
I felt relaxed. I didn’t want to meet Belinda’s parents—they might be ten times as loud and bossy as she was.
But Belinda had followed me.
“Not yet ” she shouted. “Why not I’ll send them a message! They’ll listen to me!”
Belinda ran to the radio. She shouted into it so loudly that I had to cover all my four ears. “Mummy! Daddy! I’m on an awful spaceship full of purple people! Come and find me now!”
“Poor Belinda!” my sister came and said. “Her parents must be missing her.”
“Huh!” I snorted (发出哼声). “Missing her You’re joking! Who would want such a bossy kid back They probably lost her on purpose.”
Belinda’s face clouded. I thought she was going to shout again, but she didn’t. Instead, something very strange happened — her eyes began to water!
“Oh, help!” said Roa. “Is she dying ”
I felt terrible. “Don’t die, Belinda! I didn’t mean it.”
Then Belinda opened her mouth wide and shouted, “What if it’s true What if they’ve gone away and left me here forever ”
We were all so busy comforting Belinda that we didn’t notice the soft knock of a ship landing outside. We didn’t see two tall people come out of it until Belinda ran out in excitement.
“Mummy! Daddy!”
Belinda’s parents were even uglier than she was, but they looked polite. “Hello, dear,” the female said. “We’re sorry we kept you waiting.”
We smiled as the three of them boarded their spaceship. “Goodbye!” shouted Belinda. “Goodbye! Thanks for taking care of our baby girl!” said her father.
None of us answered. We waved (挥手) cheerfully as the ship took off and went far away into the stars.
12．What most probably happened before this passage
A．“I” just met Belinda’s parents.
B．Belinda’s parents left Belinda alone on purpose.
C．Belinda got separated from her parents for some reason.
D．There was a fight between “my” father and Belinda’s parents.
13．What was Belinda like in “my” eyes
A．Gentle but careless. B．Careful but unkind. C．Noisy and impolite. D．Brave and sweet.
14．How did Roa and “I” feel when Belinda left
A．Sad. B．Happy. C．Moved. D．Regretful.
15．What type of article is this passage
A．A science fiction. B．A documentary. C．A travel diary. D．A detective story.
（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）Auggie’s Story
Sleep
I’d been reading for over an hour and sleep still didn’t come. It was almost two a. m. Everyone else was asleep. I had my flashlight (手电筒) on under the sleeping bag. Maybe the light was why I couldn’t sleep, but I was too afraid to turn it off. What had happened kept coming back to my mind.
When we got back to the camp, no one noticed we’d been gone. The teachers and all the other kids were still watching the movie. They didn’t know how something bad had just happened to me and Jack. It’s so strange how that can be, how you could have a night that’s the worst in your life, but to everybody else it’s just a usual night.
Amos, Miles and Henry brought us back to our seats. Then they returned to their own seats. In a way, everything was exactly as we had left it. The sky was the same. The movie was the same. Everyone’s faces were the same. Mine was the same.
But something was different. Something had changed.
Home
“So, do you want to hear about the bad part or the good part first ” I asked Mum.
“Whatever you want to talk about,” she answered.
“Well, except for last night, I had a fantastic time,” I said. “I feel like they ruined (毁坏) the whole trip for me.”
“No, sweetie. Don’t let them do that to you. You were there for more than forty-eight hours, and that awful part lasted one hour. Don’t let them take that away from you, okay ”
“I know.” I nodded. “But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this ”
“There are always going to be bad guys in the world, Auggie,” she said, looking at me. “But I really believe there are more good people on this earth than bad people, and the good people watch out for each other and take care of each other. Just like Jack was there for you. And Amos. And those other kids.”
“Oh yeah, Miles and Henry,” I answered. “They were amazing, too. It’s very strange because Miles and Henry haven’t even really been very nice to me at all during the year.”
“Sometimes people surprise us,” she said, rubbing the top of my head.
16．Why couldn’t Auggie fall asleep
A．He kept thinking about something. B．He was doing bedtime reading.
C．He was looking for his flashlight. D．He didn’t like his sleeping bag.
17．According to the first part, what was different at the camp
A．The sky. B．Auggie’s face. C．The movie. D．Auggie’s feeling.
18．Auggie was worried that ______.
A．his mum would feel unhappy B．bad guys would always be around
C．he would not have a good trip D．Jack would not be his friend any more
19．What do we know about Miles and Henry
A．They ruined Auggie’s whole trip. B．They took something away from Auggie.
C．They were nice to Auggie this time. D．They were Auggie’s best friends.
（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Summer Day Camp Day Camp is an all-day program. Youth (aged 8-16) can take part when the summer holiday starts. This fun-filled program is about sports, games and other fun activities.
Program information July 2-July 8, 2024 |7 a.m.-6 p.m. Registration (登记) information online: June 20- June 30, 2024
What your children can do at Day Camp: *For children aged 8-12 Paint, dance and play games. For children aged 13-16 Play sports, make special projects and take field trips. ￥30 per day per child
If you want to apply for the camp, you have to: * Pay in full. * First come, first served.
For more information, click www.Summerdaycamp.gov
9．When will the Day Camp begin
A．On July 2, 2024. B．On June 20, 2024.
C．On July 8, 2024. D．On June 30, 2024.
10．What activity can you take part in if you are 15 years old
A．Painting. B．Playing games.
C．Dancing. D．Playing sports.
11．How can you find more information about the camp according to the passage
A．By visiting the website. B．By reading newspapers.
C．By asking your teachers. D．By making a telephone call.
（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）It is generally neither too hot nor too cold in Suzhou. Sometimes summer can be hot and wet. Winter can be a little cold, but not too cold if the wind is not blowing too strongly.
Months Average (平均) Temperature Average Rainfall
January-February 2-10℃ 5-7cm
March 7-13℃ 9-10cm
April-May 12-24℃ 7-9cm
June-August 22-31℃ 19-22cm
September-October 17-28℃ 5-7cm
November-December 5-17℃ 4-5cm
Many of the classical gardens in the city are designed with the change of seasons in mind. They show different features during different months. The Master of Nets Garden is full of different kinds of trees. Each of them blooms (开花) in a different season. The view of this garden changes according to the time of year.
Rain should not be a problem. It shouldn’t stop you from enjoying your stay in Suzhou. Instead, many would say the classical gardens are at their best in rain or heavy fog.
12．What’s the average temperature in Suzhou in March
A．2-10℃. B．7-13℃. C．12-24℃. D．5-17℃.
13．To better explain the design features of the gardens, the writer ________.
A．gives an example B．asks a question
C．makes a survey D．lists some numbers
14．What’s the best title for the text
A．Gardens in Suzhou. B．Rain in Suzhou.
C．Seasons in Suzhou. D．Weather in Suzhou.
（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Think about how much time you spent outside last week. Really “outside.” Walking from the car into the mall doesn’t count.
Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV.
You may say, “I play inside more than outside and I like to play games on the computer.”
If so, it’s likely that you spent more time inside four walls than outside in fresh air. Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago. That’s according to a University of Michigan study. Non-moving activities are more popular. The costs “include overweight, greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy…,” says Richard Louv, writer of Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder.
Play is important, even for adults.
Outdoor activity betters your senses. The next time you sit down to message your friends, take note of your senses during and after your texting. Then do the same experiment after you’ve done something outside. You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help hone all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller. She’s a professor of exercise and sports sciences at Ithaca College in New York. “Smell, sight... all of your senses are in use when you’re outside.”
Outdoor play frees your mind. Are you stressed out Having trouble devoting your mind to what you’re doing Too much time indoors — away from the natural world — may be a cause. Louv uses a term to describe the set of problems caused by too much time indoors: nature deficit disorder. He says, “I use it to describe the price we pay for being so separated from nature.”
Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment. When you’re out, breathe in fresh air, hear the leaves crackle underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods. It can help you feel more connected to the natural world. No woods nearby Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park.
So the next time you sit down to spend quality time with a video game, consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead.
9．How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play
A．By presenting the results of a recent study.
B．By introducing different kinds of outdoor play.
C．By inviting the reader to think about his or her own case.
D．By telling the reader outdoor play is good for body and mind.
10．Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 5
A．Outdoor play helps form relationships.
B．Just getting outdoors does wonders.
C．Nature can remind us of life beyond our worries.
D．The outdoors is the best place to practise physical skills.
11．Which word is closest to the meaning of “hone” in Paragraph 6
A．improve B．limit C．produce D．organize
12．Which of the following is a good way to enjoy outdoor play
A．Walking from your car into the mall.
B．Spending your quality time with TV drama series.
C．Playing a video game of making sandcastles by the beach.
D．Watching in your local park how fast the clouds are moving.
（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）
Chinese culture has great attraction for people both at home and abroad. We have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms. A growing number of foreigners have even chosen to live in China for its culture.
Interested in Chinese classical literature, Canadian artist Brandon Collins-Green or Lin Buran in Chinese expresses his understanding of A Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin and Chinese poems through thousands of paintings. Often painting throughout the night, he has created more than 4,200 works. Living alone in the center of Nanchang, he has come a long way since he first came here in 2015 to study ancient Chinese literature.
Brandon loves learning about the lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. “So far, I have read the novel three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles (谜语), and dialogues into English, and completed over 1 million words of articles and 2,000 related paintings during my PhD studies,” said Brandon with pride and satisfaction.
Timur Kuvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese kung fu fan. He has won kung fu championships a lot of times and also served as a coach for the Kazakhstan kung fu team. “Chinese kung fu is a treasure of Chinese culture. It is not just a sport but also reflects the Chinese way of dealing with people, their understanding of life, nature, and the world,” he said.
Vincent Cazeneuve, known as Wensen Qi in Chinese, is a French artist devoted to lacquer (漆器) creation. He came to live in Chongqing in 2009. His works have been shown in art institutions both in and outside of China, and his fans have even collected some of them.
What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people It lies in its richness and openness. Also its cultural background differences make foreigners curious about the lifestyles, way of thinking, and values of the country.
13．What has Brandon done to express his love for Chinese culture
A．He has created many famous Chinese poems.
B．He has decided to move to China with his friends.
C．He has written thousands of Chinese lantern riddles.
D．He has translated part of Cao Xueqin’s novel into English.
14．As to Chinese culture, what is Timur Kuvatov interested in
A．Kung fu. B．Paintings. C．Literature. D．Lacquer creation.
15．What does the writer express through the stories of Brandon, Timur and Vincent
A．Chinese names are more attractive to foreigners.
B．The influence of Chinese art proves greater abroad.
C．Chinese culture is getting popular around the world.
D．China is an ideal country for people from abroad to live.
16．What can be the best title for the passage
A．New look of traditional Chinese culture
B．Charm of Chinese culture in foreigners’ eyes
C．Development of Chinese culture in the West
D．Culture differences between the East and West
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题12 阅读理解四大体裁剖析及满分攻略
目录
题型综述 1
解题攻略 2
记叙文解题策略 2
应用文解题策略 5
说明文解题策略 6
议论文解题策略.………………………………………………………………………………9
中考练场 11
【题型概述】
体裁：应用文（广告、通知）、记叙文（故事、人物传记）、说明文（科普、文化）
题材：贴近学生生活（校园活动、社会热点）、渗透文化意识（中外习俗对比）
篇幅：每篇约 200-300 词，总阅读量约 800-1000 词。
强化思维能力：增加跨学科知识融合（如环保、科技类文章）
注重语篇结构：考查段落逻辑关系（因果、对比、例证）
突出文化意识：涉及英语国家社会常识（节日、礼仪）
【命题解读】
◆ 分题型突破
细节题：划题干关键词→定位原文→对比选项（警惕偷换概念、绝对化表述）
推理题：排除原文直接陈述的选项，选择需 “一步推导” 的答案
词义题：关注定义句、同位语、转折词（如 but, however）
主旨题：首尾段 + 高频词，避免 “以偏概全”
态度题：标注文中情感词（如 fortunately, surprisingly）。
◆ 整体策略
先题后文：快速浏览题干，预判考点位置
限时训练：每篇控制在 5-7 分钟，培养时间感
长难句分析：抓主干（主谓宾），忽略插入语
【应试技巧】
应用文
英语应用文属于实用型文体，如书信、通知、日记、广告等。应用文阅读要注意文中具体细节的把握与理解，弄清作者所传达的实际信息及表达的具体内容。阅读时采取速读与精读相结合的方法，力求快速精确地查出试题所设置的关键内容。应用文宜采用“题干定位法”、采用寻读、跳读的方法
记叙文
阅读记叙文体应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文中描写的主要内容，从整体上去把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及情感主线。中考阅读就记叙文设题大多以细节理解为主。
说明文
说明文是中考英语阅读理解题中的重点，难点之一。它既不像记叙文那样重在情节的叙述和描写，也不像议论文那样，重在阐明主张和论点论据；。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点，叙述方式，重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系，以便对其做出准确的语意理解。
议论文
议论文通常为三段式，即“论点、论据、结论”三部份组成。首先借助某一现象引出论点，然后通过一定论据从各个层面上加以推理论证，最后得出结论。议论文体主要考查学生对论点及论据的把握。因此，遇到议论文体时，应采取抓主题句的方法来把握文章主旨，弄清作者的观点。
一、 记叙文解题策略
【考点诠释】
关键词定位法：记叙文通常包含时间、地点、人物、事件等关键信息。通过定位这些关键词，可以快速把握文章的主要内容。例如，在阅读一篇关于学校活动的记叙文时，可以先找到活动的时间（如“last Monday”）、地点（如“in the school hall”）、参与人员（如“all the students”）和主要事件（如“a speech contest”），从而对文章有一个清晰的框架。
情感线索法：关注文中人物的情感变化，这往往是文章的线索之一。情感的变化通常与事件的发展紧密相关，通过把握情感线索，可以更好地理解文章的主题和作者的意图。比如在一篇描述友情的故事中，主人公从孤独到快乐的情感转变，可能暗示了友情的力量这一主题。
【解题策略】
抓主线：关注故事的开端、发展、高潮和结局。
细节定位：通过时间、地点、人物等关键词快速定位细节。
情感态度：注意作者或人物的情感变化，推理其态度或意图。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2025·江苏常州·一模）Big World, Yi Yangqianxi’s new movie, has warmed the hearts of many. Yi stars as Liu Chunhe, a young man with cerebral palsy (脑瘫). Chunhe helps his grandmother realize her dream of performing on stage. He also discovers himself in this process.
The movie opens with Chunhe climbing the stairs. His steps are shaky. It looks like he might fall at any moment. Indeed, Chunhe doesn’t have great control of his body. He needs the bed’s handrail to get out of bed. His fingers are bent, and his speech is unclear. After saying a long sentence, he stops to catch his breath. Even eating can be dangerous because it’s easy for him to choke (噎住).
People often treat him unkindly and look at him with pity, fear or dislike. This makes Chunhe’s life even harder. But the movie sends a strong message: Cerebral palsy is not silly! Chunhe doesn’t need pity or to be seen as weak. He needs respect and the chance to live as a “little me” in a big world. He reminds us that we can all define our own happiness, even though we are not “perfect.”
Yi spent a lot of time watching people with cerebral palsy and preparing for the role. It turns out so real that the people watching the movie forget about the big star for 131 minutes. All they see is a common young man with special needs. Yi’s hard work has helped the movie draw duo attention to people like Chunhe. Their lives should be made easier, not harder.
1．What challenges does Liu Chunhe face in his daily life
A．He cannot walk or speak and has a hard life.
B．He completely depends on others for everything.
C．He has difficulty in basic tasks like walking, eating, and speaking.
D．He is treated with kindness and respect by everyone around him.
2．What do viewers forget about Yi Yangqianxi while watching the movie
A．His acting skills. B．His popularity as a star. C．His physical appearance. D．His past roles.
3．What does the underlined word “define” most probably mean in Paragraph 3
A．To compare something carefully. B．To introduce something meaningful.
C．To create or decide something for oneself. D．To forget about something important.
4．How should the society treat people like Liu Chunhe
A．They should be treated with pity and fear.
B．They should be seperated from society.
C．They should be given respect and chances to live their own lives.
D．They should be seen as weak and try to help them.
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了易烊千玺的新电影《小小的我》，电影中刘春和虽然脑瘫，但是努力生活，最后实现梦想的故事。
1．细节理解题。根据“Chunhe doesn’t have great control of his body”及“and his speech is unclear. After saying a long sentence, he stops to catch his breath. Even eating can be dangerous because it’s easy for him to choke (噎住).”可知，他不能控制自己的身体，说话不清楚，吃东西也很危险。故选C。
2．推理判断题。根据“It turns out so real that the people watching the movie forget about the big star for 131 minutes”可知，观众在看电影的时候忘记了易烊千玺的明星身份。故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据“He needs respect and the chance to live as a ‘little me’ in a big world.”“He reminds us that we can all define our own happiness, even though we are not ‘perfect.’”可知，我们都可以定义自己的幸福，即使我们并不“完美”，故推出划线部分define意为“定义”，即“为自己创造或决定某事”。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“He needs respect and the chance to live as a ‘little me’ in a big world.”可知，他们需要尊重和机会在大世界中做一个“小我”。故选C。
二、 应用文解题策略
【考点诠释】
格式识别法：应用文有不同的格式，标题（Title）、项目符号（Bullet Points）、表格（Table）、特殊格式（如书信、通知、海报等）。熟悉这些格式有助于快速获取关键信息。例如，在阅读一封求职信时，可以根据书信的格式，先找到写信人的基本信息、求职意向，再关注信中的主要内容，如工作经历、技能等。
目的推断法：明确应用文的写作目的，这可以帮助理解文章的重点。比如，一份产品说明书的目的是向用户介绍产品的使用方法和特点，那么在阅读时就可以重点关注这些方面的内容，而不需要过多关注一些背景介绍或其他次要信息。
【解题策略】
抓关键信息：关注标题、时间、地点、目的等核心信息。
细节比对：将试题与原文信息逐一比对，排除干扰选项。
逻辑推理：根据文中提供的信息推断隐含内容。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）
1．According to the passage, who was the buyer of the medicine
A．Mr. Brown. B．Mr. Brown’s child. C．Jane Smith. D．Jane Smith’s child.
2．The medicine can be helpful for you if you ________.
A．catch a cold B．cut your finger C．break your leg D．have a toothache
3．Which of the following is true about the medicine label
A．It can be taken by all people.
B．You can drive after taking the medicine.
C．It won’t work without drinking water.
D．It can’t be taken after June, 23, 2023.
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D
【导语】本文是一张药物标签。
1． 细节理解题。根据“The person who bought this medicine JANE SMITH”可知，Jane Smith买了这种药。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“The person who bought this medicine Help with common cold, headache, fever and cough”可知，感冒、头疼、发烧及咳嗽的人可以使用这种药。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“USE BEFORE 06/23/23”可知，它不能在2023年6月23日以后服用。故选D。
三、 说明文解题策略
【考点诠释】
结构分析法：说明文一般有固定的结构，如总分总、分总等。了解文章的结构有助于快速找到所需信息。例如，一篇介绍动物习性的说明文，可能会先总体介绍这种动物的特点，然后分别从外形、饮食习惯、栖息地等方面进行详细说明，最后进行总结。在阅读时，可以先快速浏览开头和结尾段，了解文章的大致主题和总结，再根据问题在中间段落中寻找具体细节。
图表辅助法：对于一些包含数据、过程等信息的说明文，可以利用图表来辅助理解。比如，在阅读一篇关于地球气候变化的说明文时，文中可能会有温度变化的曲线图、不同地区降水情况的柱状图等。通过分析这些图表，可以更直观地理解文章中描述的变化趋势和数据关系，从而更好地回答相关问题。
【解题策略】
抓主题句：通常出现在段落开头或结尾，帮助理解主旨。
逻辑关系：注意因果关系、对比关系等逻辑结构。
细节理解：根据问题关键词定位具体信息。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）
Do you know full confidence in your memory Look at the two pictures and choose the one which you think is correct. Then check with the answer.
Answer: The one on the right is correct. Pikachu never had a black tail in any of its various versions. Its yellow tail does have brown fur at its base, but there is no sign of black fur on its tail.
There has been a discussion about whether it is shi or si in the sentence “Thus when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man…” (“故天将降大任于是/斯人也……”).
Most people voted si as what they learned at school. However, People’s Education Press (PEP), a leading publisher of Chinese textbooks, claimed on Oct. 26 that all its textbooks say shi.
Supporters of si feel shocked and say they’ve experienced the “Mandela Effect” — the situation in which a large number of people believe that an event happened when it didn’t.
Many people believed that former South African president Nelson Mandela died in the 1980s in prison. However, Mandela was alive and well, eventually passing away in 2013. US researchers Fiona Broome created a website to detail her discovery of this public phenomenon, coining the term (术语) which has been in use till now.
Some often joke that our memories have been changed by a strange force. In fact, psychologists have looked into the reasons for the Mandela Effect, as reported on the US-based website Verywell Mind.
For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虚构症). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.
The internet may be another reason why we tend to have Mandela Effect events, as the news we read can be false from the beginning. In 2018, Science journal published a study of over 100,000 news stories discussed across Twitter. It showed that false news can spread faster and reach more people than the truth. As a powerful way to spread information, the internet might be the main reason for falsehoods to enter our minds.
41．Why does the writer mention the discussion about the sentence in Paragraph 3
A．To solve a mystery of Mandela Effect. B．To raise readers’ interest in confabulation.
C．To introduce the topic of the Mandela Effect. D．To discuss which word is the right one, si or shi.
42．Which of the following words has the closest meaning to “coining” in Paragraph 6
A．Inventing. B．Borrowing. C．Describing. D．Correcting.
43．How does the writer further explain the Mandela Effect
A．By showing pictures. B．By giving examples.
C．By presenting reasons. D．By drawing conclusions.
44．What can we infer from the passage
A．Most people know the former South African president Mandela well.
B．The word si or shi both existed in Chinese textbooks published by the PEP.
C．If you can tell the right Pikachu, you will never suffer from the Mandela Effect.
D．If you remember details that never happened, you may experience the Mandela Effect.
【答案】41．C 42．A 43．B 44．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要阐述了“曼德拉效应”的起因和该效应的影响。
41．推理判断题。根据“There has been a discussion about whether it is shi or si in the sentence ‘Thus when Heaven is about to confer a great office on any man…’ (“故天将降大任于是/斯人也……”).”以及“Supporters of si feel shocked and say they’ve experienced the ‘Mandela Effect’ — the situation in which a large number of people believe that an event happened when it didn’t.”可知作者讲述这句话的目的是为了引出曼德拉效应的话题，故选C。
42．词义猜测题。根据“US researchers Fiona Broome created a website to detail her discovery of this public phenomenon, coining the term (术语) which has been in use till now.”可知美国研究人员菲奥娜·布鲁姆创建了一个网站，详细介绍了她对这一公众现象的发现，并创造了这个词，直到现在还在使用。所以coining和inventing意思相近，故选A。
43．推理判断题。根据“For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虚构症). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.”以及“In 2018, Science journal published a study of over 100,000 news stories discussed across Twitter. It showed that false news can spread faster and reach more people than the truth.”可推知，作者通过举例进一步解释曼德拉效应。故选B。
44．推理判断题。根据“For example, your mind may fill in gaps missing in your memory to make more sense of it, which is called confabulation (虚构症). However, try not to feel bad — this is not lying, but rather remembering details that never happened.”可推知，如果你记得从未发生过的细节，你可能会体验到曼德拉效应。故选D。
四、议论文解题策略
【考点诠释】
论点定位法：议论文的核心是论点，通常出现在文章的开头或结尾。快速找到论点可以明确文章的主旨。例如，在一篇讨论环保重要性的议论文中，开头可能会明确提出“环保是当今社会亟待解决的重要问题”这一论点，后续内容都是围绕这一论点展开论证。
论据分析法：在理解论点的基础上，分析作者使用的论据。论据可以是事实、数据、名人名言等，通过评估论据的可靠性和相关性，可以更好地理解作者的观点和论证过程。比如，作者引用了某项科学研究的数据来支持环保措施的有效性，就可以通过分析这些数据的来源和合理性，来判断作者论证的强度。
【解题策略】
抓论点：明确作者的观点或立场。
论据分析：理解支持论点的理由或事实。
推理判断：根据作者观点推断其态度或意图。
【典题举隅】
【示例】
（2024·江苏南京·三模）If I had a cold, I wouldn’t think twice about telling my friends or my doctor. For some reason, however, if I had a mental (心理的) problem, I might not treat it in the same way.
At my elementary school, mental health was not discussed even once as far as I can remember. This makes me wonder how many other schools are failing to educate their students on this topic. It makes me sad that children growing up with mental illness may feel like it is something to be ashamed of (对……感到羞耻的) because it is never discussed. When I reached high school, mental health was still seldom discussed. But when it was in the topic of health or biology class, I was given a broad idea that mental illness was a “thing” that really lies.
In my opinion, overstressed high school students could benefit (获益) greatly from more deep discussions about how to deal with mental health problems, such as how to know when you should care about yourself or a friend, or who to reach out for help. I know my friends and I could have benefited. Even if you personally have never faced mental health problems, someone you know is sure to have, and you can offer timely help.
I also believe we need to normalize (使……正常化) discussions about mental health at an early age, rather than hiding them from sight. At school, I saw a student’s report on mental health education and how it can be carried out in the American school system. The student used the film Iniside Out to explain feelings to younger kids. This report made me believe that it is possible to start these discussions at a young age if we try.
Although we can’t change the way people think about mental health over one night, there are still things we can do. Asking our friends how they’re feeling is a good start.
1．How does the writer introduce his topic in Paragraph 1
A．By showing facts. B．By giving numbers.
C．By making comparison. D．By sharing a story.
2．What does the writer learn from the student’s report
A．Kids who are healthy outside might be ill inside.
B．Mental health discussions can be held with young kids.
C．The American school system is open to mental health education.
D．Watching educational films can help children with mental illness.
3．Which of the following shows the structure of the article
A．①②③/④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①/②③④⑤ D．①/②/③④/⑤
4．What is the best title for the text
A．Mental health matters! B．Is it okay if it’s not good
C．The earlier, the better! D．How to pay attention to mental health
【答案】1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A
【导语】本文主要讲述心理健康问题普遍不被讨论的现象，讨论了心理健康的重要性及其教育问题。
1．细节理解题。根据“If I had a cold, I wouldn’t think twice about telling my friends or my doctor. For some reason, however, if I had a mental (心理的) problem, I might not treat it in the same way.”可知如果得了感冒，会不假思索地告诉朋友或医生，但是如果有了心理问题，却不一定会这样做。作者以对比的方式，引出心理健康问题不被讨论的话题，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“This report made me believe that it is possible to start these discussions at a young age if we try.”可知作者从报告中了解到，心理健康讨论可以在小学生中进行，故选B。
3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，作者在第一段提出心理健康问题不被说出来的普遍现象；第二段讲述小学把心理问题羞于谈论的现象；第三段和第四段介绍了作者关于尽早开始谈论心理健康问题的建议；最后一段总结作者的观点：无法在一夜之间改变别人看待心理健康的方式，但我们仍有所为。故选D。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论心理健康的重要性及其教育问题，标题A应能概括文章主旨。故选A。
【模拟练】
Passage 1
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）Buck did not read the newspapers. He did not know that trouble was coming for every big dog in California. Gold-diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.
Buck had lived in Mr. Miller’s house for four years since he was born. There were large gardens and fields of fruit trees around the house, and a river nearby. In a big place like this, of course, there were many other dogs, but they lived together in the kennels (狗舍), or inside the house. But Buck was neither a house dog nor a kennel dog. He was king—king over the whole of Mr. Miller’s lands. He went swimming with Mr. Miller’s sons, and walking with his daughters. He carried the grandchildren on his back, and he sat at Mr. Miller’s feet in front of the fire in winter.
This was 1897 when the discovery of gold brought men from everywhere to northwest Canada for gold-digging. But Buck did not read the newspapers. And he did not know that Manuel, one of Mr. Miller’s farmers, needed money for his large family. One day, when Mr. Miller was away on business. Manuel and Buck left the garden together. It was just an evening walk, Buck thought. No one saw them go, and only a strange man saw them arrive at the railway station. This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.
Buck growled (低吼). Gradually it was hard for him to breathe when the rope was pulled hard around his neck. He jumped at the man in anger. The man caught Buck and forced him to lie on his back. For a few moments he was unable to move. When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train...
—Taken from the The Call of the Wild
5．Why did these gold-diggers want big dogs
A．To kill big dogs for meat. B．To sell big dogs for money.
C．To train big dogs for gold-digging. D．To take care of their children.
6．What does the writer want to show by using the sentence “Buck did not read the newspapers” twice
A．Buck didn’t have the good habit of reading.
B．Buck didn’t know how to get help from the newspapers.
C．Buck didn’t expect himself to be in a dangerous situation.
D．Buck didn’t know Manuel just wanted an evening walk with him.
7．What is the correct order of the events in the story
① Buck was thrown into the train. ② Manuel took Buck out for a walk.
③ Buck was tied with a rope and sold. ④ Buck lived as a king in Mr. Miller’s house.
A．④②③① B．④①②③ C．②④③① D．③①④②
【答案】5．C 6．C 7．A
【导语】本文摘选自小说《野性的呼唤》，主要讲述了主角Buck的悲惨遭遇。
5．推理判断题。根据第一段“Gold-diggers (淘金者) had found gold in northwest Canada, and these men wanted big, strong dogs to work for them in the cold and snow of the north.”可知，淘金者在加拿大西北部发现了黄金，这些人想要又大又强壮的狗在北方寒冷的雪地里为他们工作，所以可推知这些淘金者想要训练大狗去淘金。故选C。
6．词句猜测题。通读全文可知，Buck曾经生活的幸福自在，然而Manuel却因为钱把它卖给了淘金者，从此Buck的命运发生了改变，所以作者提到两次画线句是为了表示Buck没想到自己会处于危险的境地。故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第二段“Buck had lived in Mr. Miller’s house for four years since he was born. ... He was king—king over the whole of Mr. Miller’s lands.”可知，首先Buck和米勒一家幸福地生活在一起。根据第三段“Manuel and Buck left the garden together.”可知，接着Manuel带它出去了。根据第三段“This man talked to Manuel, and gave him some money. Then he tied a piece of rope around Buck’s neck.”可知，然后Manuel把Buck卖了，Buck被绳子系着。根据第四段“When the train arrived, the two men threw him into the train...”可知，最后Buck被扔到了火车上。所以事件的顺序为④②③①。故选A。
Passage 2
（2025·江苏盐城·一模）
4．The material is probably taken from ________.
A．a website for travelling B．a webpage for decoration
C．a website for attractions D．a webpage for airlines
5．Which country is the user going to
A．Japan. B．France. C．America. D．Russia.
6．What do we know about Hotel Duo
A．Its suite has a kitchen. B．It’s less popular among people.
C．It doesn’t need prepayment to book. D．It has two bathrooms.
【答案】4．A 5．B 6．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了一个关于旅行的网站。
4．推理判断题。根据网站最上面的信息 “;Stay;Flight... Register;Sign in”可知，本文主要介绍了一个关于旅行的网站，可以预定住宿、航班等。故选A。
5．细节理解题。根据“Search”中的信息，目的地是“Paris(巴黎)”，所以用户要去法国，故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“Hotel Duo”部分的信息，“Free cancellation; no prepayment needed(免费取消;不需要预付预订费)”可知，它不需要预付预订费，故选C。
Passage 3
（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）For as long as we can remember, one of the most popular ways parents use to punish their children has been the “time out”.
It seems that it is a good idea: the child sits on his own to reflect (反思) on what he has done. Then, when the time is up, he will apologize and learn from the mistake.
However, just because it’s something that’s been done for years, that doesn’t mean it is the right thing to do. In fact, very often, children don’t sit nicely and think about what they’ve done. Instead, they need to be told a few (or many) times to go back to their places and stay quiet. They’re not reflecting on why they are in the “time out” at all. More likely than not, they’re probably just really angry, and ‘so’ are the parents. In the end, both the parents and the children make each other unhappy, or even angry.
What can parents do to change this situation You may have already heard of things like peaceful parenting (育儿) and gentle parenting. These focus on the relationship between parent and child through building trust and love. So, instead of starting a “time out”, try something called “time in”. A “time in” needs both parent and child to stay close until both get calm. After that, the parent, and child can discuss what happened and solve the problem together. If the child can make changes, everyone can then move on.
As we all know, punishment and violence (暴力) seldom work and will never teach the children what the right way to act is. A “time in” can be the great time for the children to learn through mistakes. Kids learn how to build their emotional and social skills through difficult situations. So, instead of punishing them for acting their age, we can use chances to teach and guide them to a place of learning.
A “time in” may take more time, but it does work.
1．In the writer’s opinion, a “time out” ________.
A．is becoming more popular B．doesn’t always work
C．should be parents' first choice D．takes too much time
2．During a “time out”, a child is told to ________.
A．stay outside B．make a promise
C．sit alone and reflect D．return to school
3．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Why not “time in” B．Learn from mistakes!
C．“Time out” or “time in” D．No violence at home!
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A
【导语】本文主要论述了与其让孩子独坐反思自己的过错，父母不如抓住机会正确引导孩子。
1．细节理解题。根据“However, just because it’s something that’s been done for years, that doesn’t mean it is the right thing to do.”可知，这件事已经做了很多年，并不意味着这是正确的做法。所以在作者看来，“暂停”并不总是奏效，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“For as long as we can remember, one of the most popular ways parents use to punish their children has been the ‘time out’”以及“It seems that it is a good idea: the child sits on his own to reflect (反思) on what he has done.”可知，父母惩罚孩子最常用的方式之一就是“暂停”。这似乎是个好主意：孩子自己坐着思考他所做的一切。所以在“暂停”期间，一个孩子被告知要独自坐着思考，故选C。
3．最佳标题题。根据“A ‘time in’ may take more time, but it does work.”以及通读全文可知，作者建议父母采用“time in”的方法来引导孩子改正错误，所以A选项体现了本文的核心，故选A。
Passage 4
（2024·江苏常州·三模）What interests many parents is that musical training improves the development of brains— that “music makes us smarter”. According to a study by the UK’s largest music education body, 7 out of every 10 children say they presently play a musical instrument. Whether this figure (数字) shows that most parents do believe the statement, or whether the potential benefits of music are hard to ignore (忽视). Ongoing research looks for suggestive evidence (证据) proving that musical training may actually strengthen the so-called “smart skills”.
The relationship between music and memory has long been the subject of research. In the 2003 study by The Chinese University of Hong Kong were 90 boys between 6 and 15, half of whom had 1 to 5 years of musical training and half of whom had none at all. Each of them had a memory test, with the musically trained students recalling more words, and being able to remember more words after 30 minutes. One year later, a follow-up study showed that those students who continued training, as well as beginners who had recently begun musical training, both showed improvement in retention. However, students who had stopped music practice fewer than three months after the first study showed no further improvement. These results suggest that music training might improve memory function.
There is also increasing evidence that musical training may result in changes to the brain structure. Noticeable differences have been found between the brains of musicians and non-musicians. The size of those musician’s brain areas connected with hearing and visuospatial (视觉空间) abilities is larger. A 2014 study found that the part of the cortex (大脑皮层) was thicker in children who had taken musical training.
However, like many scientific studies, research into the benefits of music remains ongoing, with many different opinions. Some disagree that music makes people smarter. Others think that people who are naturally gifted in the cognitive (认知的) functions are simply more likely to play musical instruments. It would therefore be premature (草率的) to state without any doubt that music makes people smarter. Whatever the truth behind the statement that “music makes us smarter”, it should eventually come second only to the fact that music is one of life’s greatest pleasures.
4．The studies by The Chinese University of Hong Kong show that ______.
A．most parents believe the statement
B．people who take musical training might be happier
C．musical training may result in changes to the brain
D．musical training might improve students’ ability to remember things
5．The word “retention” in Paragraph 2 probably means “______.”
A．practice B．memory C．train D．subject
6．What can we learn from the passage
A．People have different opinions on whether music can make them smarter.
B．A child whose cortex is thicker prefers to take musical training.
C．70 percent of students like playing musical instrument.
D．Students who had taken the test had continued training.
7．What is the writer’s main purpose in writing this passage
A．To suggest that people learn a musical instrument.
B．To show that finding pleasure in music is important.
C．To stress that musical training may benefit the brain
D．To remind that musicians are usually smart.
【答案】4．D 5．B 6．A 7．C
【导语】本文通过一系列研究来对“音乐能让你更聪明吗？”这个问题做出了解答。
4．细节理解题。根据“The relationship between music and memory has long been the subject of research. …Each of them had a memory test, with the musically trained students recalling more words, and being able to remember more words after 30 minutes.”可知香港中文大学的研究表明音乐训练可能会提高学生的记忆力。故选D。
5．词句猜测题。根据“These results suggest that music training might improve memory function.”可知此处讲那些继续接受音乐训练的学生，以及最近开始接受音乐训练的新手，记忆力都有所提高，retention在此处意为“记忆力”。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据“However, like many scientific studies, research into the benefits of music remains ongoing, with many different opinions. Some disagree that music makes people smarter.”可知人们对音乐是否能使人更聪明有不同的看法。故选A。
7．推理判断题。通读全文可知本文通过一系列研究来对“音乐能让你更聪明吗？”这个问题做出了解答，结合文中大量研究证明音乐能使人更聪明、记性更好等，可推出作者写这篇文章是为了强调音乐训练对大脑有益。故选C。
Passage 5
（2024·江苏连云港·二模）It’s important to teach your children good manners. Teaching good manners should begin long before they know how to walk or talk. In life, you have to set a good example for them.
But how do we teach them good manners There is a good book, How to behave and Why. It is written by Munro Leaf. I read it with my first grade students and we love the book. It tells good manners that every child should know. The words in the book are not difficult and there are pictures in it. They make the book easy to comprehend.
In daily life, before children are going to school or a friend’s house, tell them the importance of good manners. In your family, you can make a list of family manners. This helps children learn good manners anytime. And you can have a manner’s competition. It makes learning manners more interesting.
What are good manners for children At school, they should respect teachers and other classmates. They shouldn’t be noisy in class. And they should say “hello” or “goodbye” to teachers and classmates, and “thank you” when they get help from others. Good table manners are important, too. For example, teach your children not to talk with their mouth full. Tell them that old people should eat first. Teach your children not to be late for classes, parties, meetings and so on.
In fact, good manners will provide a lot of help for your children in their daily life. So teach them to your children and learn with your children.
5．From paragraph 1, we know the passage may be written for ________.
A．friends B．parents C．teachers D．students
6．What does the underlined word “comprehend” mean
A．Record. B．Print. C．Buy. D．Understand.
7．Which paragraphs show us examples of teaching children good manners
A．Paragraphs 1 & 2. B．Paragraphs 2 & 3.
C．Paragraphs 3 & 4. D．Paragraphs 4 & 5.
8．What does the writer think of children learning good manners
A．Helpful. B．Creative. C．Useless. D．Boring.
【答案】5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了教育孩子良好礼仪的重要性，以及如何教育孩子良好礼仪的方法和建议。
5．推理判断题。根据“It’s important to teach your children good manners... In life, you have to set a good example for them.”可知，作者主要是在向家长们解释如何教育孩子良好的礼仪，所以这篇文章可能是写给家长的。故选B。
6．词句猜测题。根据“The words in the book are not difficult and there are pictures in it. They make the book easy to comprehend.”可知，这本书的文字不难，还有图片，这使得这本书容易理解，所以comprehend的意思是“理解”。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据第三段“In your family, you can make a list of family manners. This helps children learn good manners anytime...”及第四段“At school, they should respect teachers and other classmates. They shouldn’t be noisy in class... Teach your children not to be late for classes, parties, meetings and so on.”可知，第三、四段给出了教孩子良好礼仪的具体例子。故选C。
8．观点态度题。根据“In fact, good manners will provide a lot of help for your children in their daily life. So teach them to your children and learn with your children.”可知，作者认为教孩子良好的礼仪对他们的日常生活有很大的帮助。故选A。
【真题练】
（2024·江苏常州·中考真题）My father was busy fixing Belinda’s spaceship all afternoon. In the evening, I went to the landing place. “Dear Father,” I said politely. “Have you found Belinda’s parents yet ”
“Not yet, my dear.” He shook his head.
I felt relaxed. I didn’t want to meet Belinda’s parents—they might be ten times as loud and bossy as she was.
But Belinda had followed me.
“Not yet ” she shouted. “Why not I’ll send them a message! They’ll listen to me!”
Belinda ran to the radio. She shouted into it so loudly that I had to cover all my four ears. “Mummy! Daddy! I’m on an awful spaceship full of purple people! Come and find me now!”
“Poor Belinda!” my sister came and said. “Her parents must be missing her.”
“Huh!” I snorted (发出哼声). “Missing her You’re joking! Who would want such a bossy kid back They probably lost her on purpose.”
Belinda’s face clouded. I thought she was going to shout again, but she didn’t. Instead, something very strange happened — her eyes began to water!
“Oh, help!” said Roa. “Is she dying ”
I felt terrible. “Don’t die, Belinda! I didn’t mean it.”
Then Belinda opened her mouth wide and shouted, “What if it’s true What if they’ve gone away and left me here forever ”
We were all so busy comforting Belinda that we didn’t notice the soft knock of a ship landing outside. We didn’t see two tall people come out of it until Belinda ran out in excitement.
“Mummy! Daddy!”
Belinda’s parents were even uglier than she was, but they looked polite. “Hello, dear,” the female said. “We’re sorry we kept you waiting.”
We smiled as the three of them boarded their spaceship. “Goodbye!” shouted Belinda. “Goodbye! Thanks for taking care of our baby girl!” said her father.
None of us answered. We waved (挥手) cheerfully as the ship took off and went far away into the stars.
12．What most probably happened before this passage
A．“I” just met Belinda’s parents.
B．Belinda’s parents left Belinda alone on purpose.
C．Belinda got separated from her parents for some reason.
D．There was a fight between “my” father and Belinda’s parents.
13．What was Belinda like in “my” eyes
A．Gentle but careless. B．Careful but unkind. C．Noisy and impolite. D．Brave and sweet.
14．How did Roa and “I” feel when Belinda left
A．Sad. B．Happy. C．Moved. D．Regretful.
15．What type of article is this passage
A．A science fiction. B．A documentary. C．A travel diary. D．A detective story.
【答案】12．C 13．C 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文讲述了作者的父亲忙了一下午修理Belinda的飞船，晚上作者去着陆点时她还在寻找父母。最后，她的父母终于出现并带走了她。
12．推理判断题。根据“Mummy! Daddy! I’m on an awful spaceship full of purple people! Come and find me now!”和“We’re sorry we kept you waiting.”可推知，Belinda因为某种原因和她的父母分开了。故选C。
13．推理判断题。根据“I didn’t want to meet Belinda’s parents—they might be ten times as loud and bossy as she was.”可知，作者认为Belinda的父母比她大声十倍，专横十倍；即在作者眼里Belinda吵闹的，且没礼貌。故选C。
14．细节理解题。根据“We smiled as the three of them boarded their spaceship.”和“We waved (挥手) cheerfully as the ship took off and went far away into the stars.”可知，作者和Roa看到Belinda离开时很高兴。故选B。
15．推理判断题。根据“all my four ears”，“an awful spaceship full of purple people!”和“spaceship”可知，作者有四只耳朵，肤色是紫色，以及Belinda坐飞船出行，由此判断本文是一篇科幻小说。故选A。
（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）Auggie’s Story
Sleep
I’d been reading for over an hour and sleep still didn’t come. It was almost two a. m. Everyone else was asleep. I had my flashlight (手电筒) on under the sleeping bag. Maybe the light was why I couldn’t sleep, but I was too afraid to turn it off. What had happened kept coming back to my mind.
When we got back to the camp, no one noticed we’d been gone. The teachers and all the other kids were still watching the movie. They didn’t know how something bad had just happened to me and Jack. It’s so strange how that can be, how you could have a night that’s the worst in your life, but to everybody else it’s just a usual night.
Amos, Miles and Henry brought us back to our seats. Then they returned to their own seats. In a way, everything was exactly as we had left it. The sky was the same. The movie was the same. Everyone’s faces were the same. Mine was the same.
But something was different. Something had changed.
Home
“So, do you want to hear about the bad part or the good part first ” I asked Mum.
“Whatever you want to talk about,” she answered.
“Well, except for last night, I had a fantastic time,” I said. “I feel like they ruined (毁坏) the whole trip for me.”
“No, sweetie. Don’t let them do that to you. You were there for more than forty-eight hours, and that awful part lasted one hour. Don’t let them take that away from you, okay ”
“I know.” I nodded. “But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this ”
“There are always going to be bad guys in the world, Auggie,” she said, looking at me. “But I really believe there are more good people on this earth than bad people, and the good people watch out for each other and take care of each other. Just like Jack was there for you. And Amos. And those other kids.”
“Oh yeah, Miles and Henry,” I answered. “They were amazing, too. It’s very strange because Miles and Henry haven’t even really been very nice to me at all during the year.”
“Sometimes people surprise us,” she said, rubbing the top of my head.
16．Why couldn’t Auggie fall asleep
A．He kept thinking about something. B．He was doing bedtime reading.
C．He was looking for his flashlight. D．He didn’t like his sleeping bag.
17．According to the first part, what was different at the camp
A．The sky. B．Auggie’s face. C．The movie. D．Auggie’s feeling.
18．Auggie was worried that ______.
A．his mum would feel unhappy B．bad guys would always be around
C．he would not have a good trip D．Jack would not be his friend any more
19．What do we know about Miles and Henry
A．They ruined Auggie’s whole trip. B．They took something away from Auggie.
C．They were nice to Auggie this time. D．They were Auggie’s best friends.
【答案】16．A 17．D 18．B 19．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了Auggie在参加学校组织的露营时发生了一些不好的事，他回到家中和妈妈讲述了他的经历，妈妈告诉他世界上的好人远比坏人多。
16．细节理解题。根据“What had happened kept coming back to my mind.”可知，Auggie睡不着是因为他一直在想一些事情。故选A。
17．推理判断题。根据“The sky was the same. The movie was the same. Everyone’s faces were the same. Mine was the same.”和“But something was different. Something had changed.”可知，天空还是一样，电影也是一样，每个人的脸都一样，Auggie的脸也一样，但是有些事不一样了，有些事改变了。由此推知，是Auggie的感觉不一样了。故选D。
18．细节理解题。根据“But do I always have to worry about bad guys like that Like when I grow up, is it always going to be like this ”可知，Auggie担心坏人会一直在身边。故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据“‘Oh yeah, Miles and Henry,’ I answered. ‘They were amazing, too. It’s very strange because Miles and Henry haven’t even really been very nice to me at all during the year.’”可推知， 虽然Miles和Henry这一年对Auggie一点都不友好，但是这次露营时对他很好。故选C。
（2024·江苏宿迁·中考真题）
Summer Day Camp Day Camp is an all-day program. Youth (aged 8-16) can take part when the summer holiday starts. This fun-filled program is about sports, games and other fun activities.
Program information July 2-July 8, 2024 |7 a.m.-6 p.m. Registration (登记) information online: June 20- June 30, 2024
What your children can do at Day Camp: *For children aged 8-12 Paint, dance and play games. For children aged 13-16 Play sports, make special projects and take field trips. ￥30 per day per child
If you want to apply for the camp, you have to: * Pay in full. * First come, first served.
For more information, click www.Summerdaycamp.gov
9．When will the Day Camp begin
A．On July 2, 2024. B．On June 20, 2024.
C．On July 8, 2024. D．On June 30, 2024.
10．What activity can you take part in if you are 15 years old
A．Painting. B．Playing games.
C．Dancing. D．Playing sports.
11．How can you find more information about the camp according to the passage
A．By visiting the website. B．By reading newspapers.
C．By asking your teachers. D．By making a telephone call.
【答案】9．A 10．D 11．A
【导语】本文是一则暑假夏令营的广告。
9．细节理解题。根据“July 2-July 8, 2024”可知，2024年7月2号开始，故选A。
10．细节理解题。根据“For children aged 13-16 Play sports, make special projects and take field trips.”可知，15岁的孩子可以参加运动，故选D。
11．细节理解题。根据“For more information, click www.Summerdaycamp.gov”可知，通过浏览网址得知更多信息，故选A。
（2024·江苏苏州·中考真题）It is generally neither too hot nor too cold in Suzhou. Sometimes summer can be hot and wet. Winter can be a little cold, but not too cold if the wind is not blowing too strongly.
Months Average (平均) Temperature Average Rainfall
January-February 2-10℃ 5-7cm
March 7-13℃ 9-10cm
April-May 12-24℃ 7-9cm
June-August 22-31℃ 19-22cm
September-October 17-28℃ 5-7cm
November-December 5-17℃ 4-5cm
Many of the classical gardens in the city are designed with the change of seasons in mind. They show different features during different months. The Master of Nets Garden is full of different kinds of trees. Each of them blooms (开花) in a different season. The view of this garden changes according to the time of year.
Rain should not be a problem. It shouldn’t stop you from enjoying your stay in Suzhou. Instead, many would say the classical gardens are at their best in rain or heavy fog.
12．What’s the average temperature in Suzhou in March
A．2-10℃. B．7-13℃. C．12-24℃. D．5-17℃.
13．To better explain the design features of the gardens, the writer ________.
A．gives an example B．asks a question
C．makes a survey D．lists some numbers
14．What’s the best title for the text
A．Gardens in Suzhou. B．Rain in Suzhou.
C．Seasons in Suzhou. D．Weather in Suzhou.
【答案】12．B 13．A 14．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了苏州的天气以及苏州园林随季节而变化的特点。
12．细节理解题。根据表格第三行“March...7-13℃”可知，3月的平均温度是7至13℃。故选B。
13．细节理解题。根据“Many of the classical gardens in the city are designed with the change of seasons in mind... The Master of Nets Garden is full of different kinds of trees. Each of them blooms (开花) in a different season.”可知，许多苏州古典园林的设计考虑到了季节的变化，作者以网师园为例，更好地解释了这一设计特点。故选A。
14．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文中先是介绍了苏州的天气情况，然后介绍了苏州园林随季节而变化的特点，因此文章的主题应是“苏州的天气”，D项最适合作为标题。故选D。
（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）Think about how much time you spent outside last week. Really “outside.” Walking from the car into the mall doesn’t count.
Now think about how much time you spent indoors—on the Internet or playing video games or watching TV.
You may say, “I play inside more than outside and I like to play games on the computer.”
If so, it’s likely that you spent more time inside four walls than outside in fresh air. Kids today spend two fewer hours per week on sports and outdoor activities than kids did 20 years ago. That’s according to a University of Michigan study. Non-moving activities are more popular. The costs “include overweight, greater stress, higher rates of physical and emotional illness and less joy…,” says Richard Louv, writer of Last Child in the Woods: Saving Our Children from Nature-Deficit Disorder.
Play is important, even for adults.
Outdoor activity betters your senses. The next time you sit down to message your friends, take note of your senses during and after your texting. Then do the same experiment after you’ve done something outside. You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. “Hiking, exploring, and fishing help hone all of your senses,” says Betsy Keller. She’s a professor of exercise and sports sciences at Ithaca College in New York. “Smell, sight... all of your senses are in use when you’re outside.”
Outdoor play frees your mind. Are you stressed out Having trouble devoting your mind to what you’re doing Too much time indoors — away from the natural world — may be a cause. Louv uses a term to describe the set of problems caused by too much time indoors: nature deficit disorder. He says, “I use it to describe the price we pay for being so separated from nature.”
Spending time outdoors brings you closer to the environment. When you’re out, breathe in fresh air, hear the leaves crackle underfoot and search cool birds and plants in the woods. It can help you feel more connected to the natural world. No woods nearby Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park.
So the next time you sit down to spend quality time with a video game, consider treating yourself to a little outdoor play instead.
9．How does the writer first introduce the topic of outdoor play
A．By presenting the results of a recent study.
B．By introducing different kinds of outdoor play.
C．By inviting the reader to think about his or her own case.
D．By telling the reader outdoor play is good for body and mind.
10．Which sentence should go in the empty box in Paragraph 5
A．Outdoor play helps form relationships.
B．Just getting outdoors does wonders.
C．Nature can remind us of life beyond our worries.
D．The outdoors is the best place to practise physical skills.
11．Which word is closest to the meaning of “hone” in Paragraph 6
A．improve B．limit C．produce D．organize
12．Which of the following is a good way to enjoy outdoor play
A．Walking from your car into the mall.
B．Spending your quality time with TV drama series.
C．Playing a video game of making sandcastles by the beach.
D．Watching in your local park how fast the clouds are moving.
【答案】9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了户外运动的好处。
9．细节理解题。根据“Think about how much time you spent outside last week”可知作者通过让读者思考自己在户外待了多长时间来引出话题。故选C。
10．推理判断题。根据“Play is important, even for adults”以及“Outdoor activity betters your senses.”并结合下文内容可知玩很重要，所以此处引出户外运动的好处，选项B“只是到户外就有神奇的效果”符合语境。故选B。
11．词义猜测题。根据“You will find being outdoors brings the senses to life. ‘Hiking, exploring, and fishing help hone all of your senses’”可知户外活动给生活带来了感官，徒步旅行、探险和钓鱼有助于磨练你的所有感官，故此处划线部分和improve意义相近。故选A。
12．推理判断题。根据“Nature can be found right outside your back door or in your local park.”可知大自然就在你的后门外或你当地的公园里，所以在你当地的公园里观察云朵移动的速度有多快，这是享受户外运动的好方式。故选D。
（2024·江苏扬州·中考真题）
Chinese culture has great attraction for people both at home and abroad. We have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms. A growing number of foreigners have even chosen to live in China for its culture.
Interested in Chinese classical literature, Canadian artist Brandon Collins-Green or Lin Buran in Chinese expresses his understanding of A Dream of the Red Chamber by Cao Xueqin and Chinese poems through thousands of paintings. Often painting throughout the night, he has created more than 4,200 works. Living alone in the center of Nanchang, he has come a long way since he first came here in 2015 to study ancient Chinese literature.
Brandon loves learning about the lifestyle of ancient Chinese people. “So far, I have read the novel three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles (谜语), and dialogues into English, and completed over 1 million words of articles and 2,000 related paintings during my PhD studies,” said Brandon with pride and satisfaction.
Timur Kuvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese kung fu fan. He has won kung fu championships a lot of times and also served as a coach for the Kazakhstan kung fu team. “Chinese kung fu is a treasure of Chinese culture. It is not just a sport but also reflects the Chinese way of dealing with people, their understanding of life, nature, and the world,” he said.
Vincent Cazeneuve, known as Wensen Qi in Chinese, is a French artist devoted to lacquer (漆器) creation. He came to live in Chongqing in 2009. His works have been shown in art institutions both in and outside of China, and his fans have even collected some of them.
What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people It lies in its richness and openness. Also its cultural background differences make foreigners curious about the lifestyles, way of thinking, and values of the country.
13．What has Brandon done to express his love for Chinese culture
A．He has created many famous Chinese poems.
B．He has decided to move to China with his friends.
C．He has written thousands of Chinese lantern riddles.
D．He has translated part of Cao Xueqin’s novel into English.
14．As to Chinese culture, what is Timur Kuvatov interested in
A．Kung fu. B．Paintings. C．Literature. D．Lacquer creation.
15．What does the writer express through the stories of Brandon, Timur and Vincent
A．Chinese names are more attractive to foreigners.
B．The influence of Chinese art proves greater abroad.
C．Chinese culture is getting popular around the world.
D．China is an ideal country for people from abroad to live.
16．What can be the best title for the passage
A．New look of traditional Chinese culture
B．Charm of Chinese culture in foreigners’ eyes
C．Development of Chinese culture in the West
D．Culture differences between the East and West
【答案】13．D 14．A 15．C 16．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了现在越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣。
13．细节理解题。根据“I have read the novel three times, translated most of its poems, songs, lantern riddles (谜语), and dialogues into English”可知他把曹雪芹的《红楼梦》中的大部分诗歌、歌曲、灯谜和对话翻译成了英语。故选D。
14．细节理解题。根据“Timur Kuvatov, director-general and editor-in-chief of the Kazakhstan Today News Agency, is a Chinese kung fu fan”可知他对中国功夫感兴趣。故选A。
15．推理判断题。根据“We have seen many people from around the world express their love for Chinese culture in different forms”以及“What is the charm of Chinese culture that attracts these people ”并结合文章内容可知作者描述了这三个人对中国文化的喜爱，说明中国文化现在变得越来越受欢迎。故选C。
16．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了现在越来越多的外国人对中国文化感兴趣，以选项B“外国人眼中的中国文化魅力”为标题最合适。故选B。
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