冠词与名词专练（含解析）2025年译林版中考英语专项练习

冠词与名词专练
冠词
1. (2024·宿迁)I want to be___________scientist like Qian Xuesen when I grow up.
A. aB. an C. the D. /
2. (2024·天津) My grandma has got __garden. And___________flowers in it are bea
utiful.
A. a; theB. an; the
C. /;/ D. an;/
3. (2024·吉林) There is___________river near our school. We never throw rubbish in
to it.
A. the B. aC. /
4. (2024·达州) Mike is___________honest boy.We all trust him.
A. aB. an C. the
5. (2024·绥化) Beijing,___________capital of China, is___________city with a long
history.
A. /; the B. a; the C. the; a
6.（2024·齐齐哈尔）It's reported that it' ll be rainy today. Remember to take __umbre
lla with you, Cindy.
A. aB. an C. /
7. (2024·凉山)—What's___________matter with you, Jerry
—I have a headache.
A. aB. / C. the
8. (2024·滨州)—The final exam is coming.How is it going
—Not bad, thanks. I just treat it as__ usual one. I think I can make it.
A. aB. an C. the D. /
9.（2024·龙 东地区）—Shenzhou-18 with three astronauts was sent up on April 25th
,2024. It's such___________exciting event.
—Yes. And the astronauts are our heroes.I want to be___________useful person like t
hem.
A. a; an B. an; a C. a; the
10.（2024·白银、武威）I bought a new computer last weekend.___________comput
er was made in China.
A. A B. An C. The D. /
11. (2023·绥化) Bob is my brother. He likes playing___________ basketball, but he
doesn't like playing___________piano.
A. the; aB. /; the C. an; the
12. (2023·长春) James is__________hardworking engineer. His spirit encourages us.
A. aB. an C. the D. /
13. (2023·沈阳) The spirit of Lei Feng always encourages us to give___________han
d to others.
A. aB. an C. the D. /
14. (2023·营口) China's panda Ya Ya finished__ 30-day stay in Shanghai after landin
g in China and then was sent to Beijing Zoo in___________May.
A. a; a B. a; the
C. the; aD. a;/
名词
1. (2024·宿迁) After a month's efforts, the girl made much___________in
Maths.
A. problem B. project
C. pollution D. progress
2. (2024·扬州)—Do you know why zebrafish are taken to Shenzhou-18
—They have___________like small size and the short development cycle.
A. stages B. advantages
C. messages D. passages
3. (2024·天津) Don't speak loudly on the bus.You should keep your___________dow
n.
A. body B. voice
C. interest D. service
4. (2024·武汉)—Have you set a___________on your new phone
—Certainly. I have to protect my personal information.
A. date B. lock
C. wallpaper D. language
5. (2024·吉林) Tony turns off the shower to save___________while he is washing his
hair.
A. time B. paperC. water
6. (2024·长春) My birthday___________is a toy panda. It's from my grandma.
A. trip B. month
C. gift D. color
7. (2024·福建) It is a good___________to do some reading before you go to bed ever
y day.
A. habit B. excuse C. result
8. (2024·福建)—I like the___________in that restaurant near our school.
—Me, too. It has the best cooks in our town.
A. food B. service C. environment
9. (2024·安徽)—Art serves as a___________between different nations.
—Yes. It really helps cross-cultural communication.
A. river B. wall C. palace D. bridge
10. (2024·滨州)—On April 25,2024,China's Shenzhou-18 spacecraft（宇宙飞船）fle
w to space successfully.
—Wow, China's space technology has reached a new___________.
A. method B. energy
C. height D. industry
11. (2024·乐山)—World Sleep Day falls on March 21st. Do you think sleep is import
ant
—I think so. Sleeping well can give you enough___________.
A. courage B. energy C. reason
12. (2024·绥化) For your own___________,please do not smoke inside the plane.
A. seat B. safety C. score
13. (2024·牡丹江) You can have a better understanding of Chinese___________by le
arning about Chinese clay art.
A. dream B. courage C. culture
14.（2024·齐齐哈尔）—The movie is popular with students. Do you know the___________

—It tells the real life of the students.
A. result B. reason C. choice
15. (2024·东营)—According to the book The Brain Science of Exam, your brain is m
ore active when you are hungry.
—Interesting! So in order to remember things better, we can study before________.
A. meals B. exams
C. sleep D. exercise
16. (2024·江西)I like acting and I'm in the_________group at school.
A. theater B. chess
C. speech D. ping-pong
17. (2024·凉山)—Here is my family___________.We took it last month.
—What a happy family!
A. photo B. name C. member
18. (2024·台湾) Look at the picture. There is a(n)_________under the door.
A. envelope
B. plant
C. sign
D. umbrella
19. (2024·台湾) My___________hurts so much that I cannot even turn my head.
A. arm B. knee
C. neck D. stomach
20. (2024·台湾) It's not a good idea to go mountain climbing in this bad___________.
We should wait until the typhoon goes away.
A. chance B. dream
C. habit D. weather
21. (2024·台湾) The new guy at the help desk answers calls like a___________. Ther
e are no ups and downs in his voice and you can't tell if he is happy or sad.
A. father B. foreigner
C. radio D. robot
22. (2024·广西) Jimmy likes reading, so he often goes to the bookstore to buy some_
_______.
A. rulersB. bags C. books
23.（2024·白银、武威）Could you express your thoughts on the differences between
these cultures
A. likes B. ideas
C. interests D. support
24.（2024·白银、武威）Linda is afraid of the dark. She even leaves the___________
on while sleeping.
A. light B. radio C. fan D. screen
25. (2023·徐州) Of all the___________, I love summer best.
A. seasons B. subjects
C. colours D. hobbies
26. (2023·宿迁)—The girl's beautiful pronunciation caught our___________in yester
day's English speech competition.
—Yes. Many students couldn't help cheering for her.
A. condition B. attention
C. invention D. position
27. (2023·泰州)—Good news! The Chinese women's table tennis team won a gold an
d a silver again.
—Great! No matter who wins the medals,it is the___________of our country.
A. priceB. pain C. pride D. pioneer
28. (2023·吉林) Li Wei likes science and his dream is to be a___________like Tu Yo
uyou.
A. scientistB. singer C. driver
29. (2023·荆州)—What can you learn from Journey to the West
—I learn that we should have enough__ to overcome the difficulties in our life.
A. danger B. success
C. courage D. excitement
30. (2023·孝感)—Can you give me some on learning English well
—Sure. Watching English programs is a good way.
A. news B. advice
C. decisions D. messages
31. (2023·乐山)—Have you heard about the car___________near the school
—Yes. Luckily, no one was seriously hurt.
A. accidentB. park C. club
32. (2023·广西) My mother is a___________in Zhongshan Hospital. She has saved m
any people's lives.
A. singer B. doctor C. writer
33. (2023·台湾) Look at the picture.The girl is putting some money into the________
___.
A. bag B. bottleC. can D. hat
34.（2023·台湾改编）Mary likes sports, so a basketball will be a good___________f
or her birthday.
A. chance B. example
C. game D. present
35. (2023·营口) Scientists who are full of_________ always come up with new ideas
and bring great changes to our life.
A. instruction B. instruments
C. invention D. introductions
36. (2023·长春) John Smith often looks through the news about___________to know
what's on in the cinema.
A. films B. music
C. books D. weather
37. (2023·抚顺)I wish you to have good________and get good grades.
A. chalk B. space C. luck D. music
名词的数
1. (2023·岳阳) Yueyang is one of the top 10most beautiful___________in China this
year.
A. city B. cities C. citys
2. (2022·柳州) Here are some___________for you to read.
A. milk B. tea C. books
名词所有格
1. (2023·郴州) My parents took me to the amusement park on___________Day. Ther
e were so many exciting things to do there.
A. Children's B. Children C. Child's
2. (2022·绥化)__ father is a pilot. He has been to many countries around the world.
A. Tony and Peter's B. Tony's and Peter
C. Tony's and Peter's
名词作定语
（2022·龙东地区）We will have a___________holiday after the entrance examinatio
n for senior high school.
two months B. two-month C. two-months
答案
冠 词
1. A 句意：我长大后想成为像钱学森一样的科学家。此处泛指“一位科学家”，且
scientist 以辅音音素开头，故用 a.
2. A 句意：我奶奶有一个花园。而且里面的花很漂亮。第一空泛指“一个花园”
，garden 以辅音音素开头，用 a；第二空特指“花园里的花”，用定冠词 the.
3. B 句意：我们学校附近有一条河。我们从不往里面扔垃圾。此处泛指“一条河”
，且 river 以辅音音素开头，其前加不定冠词 a.
4. B 句意：迈克是一个诚实的男孩。我们都信任他。此处泛指“一个诚实的男孩”
，且 honest 以元音音素开头，其前加不定冠词 an.
5. C 根据 capital of China 可知，第一空特指“中国的首都”，用定冠词 the；第二
空泛指“一个城市”，用不定冠词 a.
6. B 句意：据报道今天会下雨。辛迪，记得随身带把伞。此处泛指“一把雨伞”，
umbrella 以元音音素开头，故用 an.
7. C 句意：“你怎么了，杰瑞？”“我头疼。””What's the matter with sb. ”意为“某人
怎么了？”。
8. A 根据语境可知，此处表示“我将期末考试当作一次普通的考试对待”，usual
以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词 a.
9. B exciting 以元音音素开头，因此前面用 an; useful 以辅音音素开头，故用 a.
10. C 此处指代前面提到过的新电脑，是特指，因此用定冠词 the.
11. B play basketball 打篮球; play the piano 弹钢琴。
12. A 句意：詹姆斯是一位勤奋的工程师。他的精神鼓舞着我们。此处表示泛指
，且 hard-working 以辅音音素开头，故用 a.
13. A give a hand to sb.意为“帮某人一把”，是固定搭配。
14. D 第一空表示泛指，且 30(thirty)以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词 a；月份前
不加冠词。
名词
[名词辨析]
1. D problem 问题; project 项目; pollution 污染; progress 进步。make progress in 意
为“在……方面取得进步”。
2. B stage 阶段; advantage 优势; message 信息; passage 段落。根据 why 可知，答
语描述原因，该鱼具有体积小、发育周期短等方面的优势。
3. B 句意：不要在公共汽车上大声说话。你应该小点声。body 身体; voice 嗓音;
interest 兴趣；service 服务。
4. B 根据“I have to protect my personal information.”可知，问句是在询问新手机是
否上锁了。
5. C time 时间; paper 纸; water 水。 根据 while he is washing his hair 可知，洗头
的时候关淋浴器是为了节约用水。
6. C trip 旅行; month 月; gift 礼物; color 颜色.根据“My birthday……is a toy panda.
It's from my grandma.”可知，生日礼物是玩具熊猫。
7. A habit 习惯; excuse 借口; result 结果。根据 to do some reading before you go to
bed every day 可知，睡前阅读是好习惯。
8. A 句意：“我喜欢我们学校附近那家饭店的食物。”“我也是。它有我们镇上最好
的厨师。”food 食物; service 服务; environment 环境。
9. D 根据空后的 between different nations 和答语中“It really helps cross-cultural co
mmunication.”可推知，艺术是一座桥梁。
10. C 句意：“2024 年 4 月 25 日，中国的神舟十八号宇宙飞船成功飞入太空。”“哇
，中国的航天技术达到了一个新的高度。”method 方法; energy 能量; height 高度;
industry 工业。
11. B 句意：“3 月 21 日是世界睡眠日。你认为睡眠很重要吗？”“我想是的。睡得
好能给你足够的能量。”courage 勇气; energy 能量; reason 原因。
12. B 句意：为了你自己的安全，请不要在飞机内吸烟。seat 座位; safety 安全; sc
ore 得分。根据 please do not smoke inside the plane 可知，禁止在飞机内吸烟是为
了安全着想。
13. C 句意：你可以通过了解中国陶艺更好地理解中国文化。根据句意可知，cul
ture 符合语境。
14. B result 结果; reason 原因; choice 选择.根据“The movie is popular with students.
”及“It tells the real life of the students.”可知，此处询问的是这部电影受学生欢迎的
原因。
15. A 根据 your brain is more active when you are hungry 可推知，为了更好地记住
东西，我们可以在吃饭前学习。
16. A theater 戏剧; chess 国际象棋; speech 演讲; ping-pong 乒乓球。根据 I like acti
ng 可知，“我”喜欢表演，因此应该是在学校的剧团。
17. A 句意：“这是我的全家福。我们上个月拍的。”“多么幸福的一家!”photo 照片;
name 名字；member 成员。根据 We took it 可知，此处指“全家福”。family photo
全家福。
18. A 根据图示信息可知，门下面有一个信封，雨伞和植物在门旁边，标识在门
上。
19. C arm 手臂; knee 膝盖; neck 脖子；stomach 胃。根据 I cannot even turn my hea
d 可知，应该是脖子痛。
20. D chance 机会; dream 梦想; habit 习惯；weather 天气。 根 据“We should w
ait until the typhoon goes away.”可知，这里是说天气不好，不应该去登山。
21. D father 父亲; foreigner 外国人; radio 收音机；robot 机器人。他的声音没有起
伏，你无法判断他是开心还是难过，故他像机器人一样接电话。
22. C 句意：吉米喜欢读书，所以他经常去书店买一些书。ruler 尺子; bag 包; boo
k 书。
23. B 句意：你能表达你对这些文化差异的看法吗？此处 thought 与 idea 意思相
近。
24. A 根据“Linda is afraid of the dark.”可知，她在睡觉的时候开着灯。
25. A 句意：在所有的季节中，我最喜欢夏天。根据 I love summer best 可知，谈
论的是季节。
26. B condition 状况; attention 注意；invention 发明; position 位置。此处表示女孩
优美的发音引起了大家的注意。
27. C 句意：“好消息！中国女子乒乓球队再次赢得了一枚金牌和一枚银牌。”“太棒
了！无论谁赢得奖牌，都是我们国家的骄傲。”price 价格; pain 痛苦; pride 骄傲，
值得自豪的人（或事物）; pioneer 先锋。
28. A 句意：李伟喜欢科学，并且他的梦想是成为一名像屠呦呦一样的科学家。
scientist 科学家；singer 歌手; driver 司机。
29. C 句意：“从《西游记》中你能学到什么？”“我学到了我们应该有足够的勇气
去克服我们生活中的困难。”
30. B 句意：“你能给我一些学好英语的建议吗？”“当然可以。看英语节目是一个
好方法。”news 新闻; advice 建议; decision 决定; message 信息。
31. A 句意：“你听说学校附近发生的车祸了吗？”“是的。幸运的是，没有人伤得
严重。”根据 the car 及“Luckily, no one was seriously hurt.”可知，此处询问的是车祸
的事情。
32. B 根据 Hospital 和 has saved many people's lives 可知，“我”妈妈的职业是医生
。
33. D 根据图片可知，这个女孩正把一些钱放进帽子里。
34. D 根据 for her birthday 可知是“礼物”。
35. C 根据语境可知，充满创意的科学家们总是提出新的想法并给我们的生活带
来巨大的变化。
36. A 根据 to know what's on in the cinema 可知，约翰经常浏览关于电影的新闻。
37. C 句意：我祝你好运，取得好成绩。此处表示祝愿取得好成绩，因此应用 go
od luck 表示“好运气”。
[名词的数]
1. B 解析:“one of + the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……之一”，故 cities 符
合题意。
2. C 根据 read 可知，此处指一些书。
[名词所有格]
1. A Children's Day 意为“儿童节”，不以 s 结尾的不规则名词复数 children 变所有
格应在词尾加’s.
2. A 句意：托尼和彼得的爸爸是飞行员。他去过世界上的许多国家。根据 father
is 可知，此处指两个人共同的爸爸，在后一个人名后加’s.
[名词作定语]
B 句意：高中入学考试后，我们将有两个月的假期。空后 holiday 是名词，要用
two-month 修饰。