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【赢在中考】2025年中考英语题型解读与技巧点拨学案
专题四 阅读理解B篇
B篇是考查学生能力的短文，一般为说明性的短文(科普文)。2024年B篇是一篇科普说明文，长难句、各种从句、句中句增多，这对考生的语法和理解能力提出了更高的要求。B篇阅读理解有2~3小题有些难度，可能会涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)、词义猜测、代词指代等有关问题；在做题时需要仔细推敲，结合上下文，经过推理、筛选最终才能得出结论，选出正确的答案。值得注意的是，2024年广东中考真题着重考查了学生的思维能力，如第56小题的内容还原题，考查学生深度理解文本能力，需对文段内容整体感知与理解，方能做出正确的选择。还有，第57小题考查跨学科知识，需学生结合物理学科的声波知识、数学的坐标知识等，才能选出正确的答案。
2022年~2024年广东中考英语“阅读理解B篇”一览表
年份 主题 素材 体现的课标要求和学科核心素养
2024 人与自然(子主题：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生) 科学研究——通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤 文体：说明文 思维品质 科学思维
2023 人与自然(子主题：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生) 动物的方向感 文体：说明文 思维品质 科学思维
2022 人与自我(子主题：丰富、充实、积极向上的生活) 世界著名的登山运动员杰瑞的故事 文体：记叙文 思维品质 科学思维
1. 先读题干，划关键词
快速浏览题目，圈出人名、地名、数字、时间、专有名词等定位词。明确题目问什么（如
价格、时间、目的、建议等）。
速读文章，把握结构
B篇多为分栏、小标题或条目式文本，重点读：
标题/副标题
首段或每段首句（总述）
（3） 图表、加粗/斜体字、项目符号
3. 定位信息，对比选项
（1）根据题干关键词快速扫描文章对应位置，逐句比对。
（2）注意同义替换（如题干"free"=文章"no charge"）。
4.排除干扰项
（1）绝对化选项（如"must"/"never"）常为错误答案。
（2）与原文矛盾或未提及的选项直接排除。
5.错误选项特征
无中生有（原文未出现的信息）
张冠李戴（混淆不同对象的信息）
偷换概念（如把"recommend"改为"must"）
（2024年广东中考B篇）
People know animals do have feelings，but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood.In recent years，scientists have done research about the feelings of cows， frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.(第56题答题线索)
The researchers put a bowl behind a door.Inside the bowl，sometimes，there was something chickens love to eat，such as rice or insects.Sometimes，there was nothing.When the chickens saw food behind the door，they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds，known as food calls.When there wasn’t food，the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment.The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves.(第57题答题线索)
Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises.Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food.The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.(第58题答题线索)Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not， and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens.
The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of
chickens.Hopefully，this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising，a big industry in many countries.Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’feelings.This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier.
56.Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”in Paragraph 1？(新题型，内容还原题)
A.Humans may not like animals.
B.Scientists know nothing about it.
C.Nobody knows why this happens.
D.A new study adds chickens to the list.
57.Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken？(新题型，跨学科综合题)
A B C D
58.How did the volunteers help with the research？(细节理解题)
A.By listening to the chicken calls.
B.By taking care of the chickens.
C.By finding food for the chickens.
D.By making the chickens happy.
59.What does the underlined word “identify”mean in Paragraph 4？(词义猜测题)
A.Control. B.Hide. C.Recognize. D.Hurt.
60.What is the best title for the passage？(最佳标题题)
A.Chickens’ Food Calls
B.Happy Chickens，Sad Chickens
C.Farmers’ Best Choice
D.Smart Farmers， Healthy Farmers
【真题在线】
（1）
（2021·广东·中考真题）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供应). It is a sad fact especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger.
When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters (庇护所) in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed& find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
How does it work Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter.
Pretty cool, right It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have developed similar projects for their communities.
Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.
1．The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us ________.
A．some people are poor B．food waste is serious
C．the population is large D．the research is interesting
2．Laura’s project first got food from ________.
A．her school dining hall B．her family
C．a fast food restaurant D．homeless shelter
3．People in other cities would like Laura to ________.
A．find a truck driver B．visit their communities
C．give away food to them D．help develop projects like hers
4．The underlined words “concerns” in this passage means ________.
A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions
5．Which can be the best title for this passage
A．A Dining Guide App B．A Food Sharing Project
C．A Driving Service App D．A Food Safety Project
（2）
（2022·广东·中考真题）Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure（探险）in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples（样本）from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach——only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme（极端的）conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me, what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry’s friends. B．Jerry’s achievements. C．High mountains. D．A geography magazine.
2．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Satisfied. B．Lonely. C．Patient. D．Worried.
3．Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures
A．To make friends. B．To help scientists.C．To study plants. D．To train scientists.
4．Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures had changed ________.
A．their hobbies B．their friendship C．their understanding of life D．their living conditions
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Dangerous Mountains Climbing. B．Important Scientific Discoveries.
C．Plants Found on High Mountains. D．Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
（3）
（2023·广东·中考真题）Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.
A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest.
Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.
1．Where is this passage most probably from
A．A storybook. B．An art magazine.
C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine.
2．How can a certain kind of ants find their way
A．By imagining the way. B．By counting their steps.
C．By bringing food together D．By walking through a forest.
3．What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling.
4．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph
A．To help animals. B．To travel at night.
C．To keep city lights on. D．To develop unusual abilities.
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Birds’ Sense of Light B．Fish’s Sense of Smell
C．Animals’ Sense of Direction D．Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field
【限时训练】
（1）
A comfort zone is a place, situation or level where there is the least stress. However, stepping into the learning zone can help to bring out the best in us. Here are the reasons.
Challenging yourself can help you be at your best
Stepping outside one’s comfort zone is important for personal development. How can we expect to make ourselves better is we only stick to the routine We should try something we might not succeed in.
Taking risks is what helps us grow
As children, we’re natural risk-taskers. But as we get older and learn to fear failure, we start trying fewer new things. We pay a heavy price for our fear of failure. There is no learning without any difficulties.
Facing new challenges can help us grow better
Our comfort zone seems to become smaller as we get older—but if we can keep expanding (扩大) it, we’ll open ourselves up to a greater world as we grow. As we step into the learning zone, we will get more comfortable with the skills gradually and we’ll start to move into the comfort zone. A study found that learning new life skills can help our brain stay sharp as we get older.
However, don’t push yourself too far. Have you heard of “Yerkes-Dodson Law” It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down. When stress becomes too great for us to deal with, we enter the danger zone.
1．What is a comfort zone
A．A place with high stress. B．A situation with the least stress.
C．A learning environment. D．A dangerous area.
2．According to the text, what helps keep our brain sharp
A．Staying in the comfort zone. B．Avoiding challenges.
C．Learning new life skills. D．Reducing stress.
3．What happens if stress becomes too high
A．Performance increases. B．Learning becomes easier.
C．Performance goes down. D．Challenges become simpler.
4．Which of the following picture can describe “Yerkes-Dodson Law”
A． B．
C． D．
5．What’s the best title for this passage
A．A comfort zone makes us safe B．What is a comfort zone
C．Step outside a comfort zone D．Never fear a comfort zone
（2）
Sports were a big part of my life as I grew up. When the weather was nice, I would be outside playing sports with my friends.
From about 5 to 13 years old, I spent most of my spare time playing in the playground. However, throughout all my years before high school, I never played football in any formal team. My junior high school didn’t have a football team, and I never tried out to play for any of the town teams. After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, “Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ” I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, “What is it like to be part of a team ” So, I decided to have a try.
My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous. I had to go through organized training, wear football pads, and play with a lot of other young players. Coaches called out loudly, and whistles blew all over the place. This was quite different from what I had experienced. Yet, as the day went on, things started to get more comfortable for me. I didn’t feel worried anymore.
I proudly look back on this time of my life. I succeeded, and I overcame the fear of uncertainty. In the end, I loved playing football in senior high school, made some lifelong friends along the way, and kept good health.
1．When did the writer join a football team
A．Before he went to school. B．When he was in senior high school.
C．When he was in junior high school. D．After he graduated from senior high school.
2．What does the underlined phrase “shrugged off” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Tried out. B．Agreed with. C．Laughed at. D．Paid no attention to.
3．How did the writer feel on his first day in the school football team at first
A．Excited. B．Comfortable. C．Nervous. D．Bored.
4．What do the writer’s experiences in the football team tell us
A．Think before you act. B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Everything’s hard in the beginning. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
10．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Importance of Sports in Life B．My Experience in a Football Team
C．How to Overcome Fear in Sports D．My Love for Sports
（3）
Nowadays many people go camping. Camping can be enjoyed in the backyard or in the wilderness. Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.
Endless fun
Once the tent is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities. At night, campers often sit by the fire, talking and telling stories.
Required equipment
Shelter, bedclothes, food and water are necessary. Clothing should be prepared enough to protect against weather and insects. A hat, whistle, bug repellent (驱虫剂) and rope may come in handy. Don’t forget a flashlight, a compass, cookers and a first-aid box.
Various tents
There are many types and styles of tents. You should choose your tent based on your needs. If you are camping alone in the backyard, a simple lean-to or small tent may do. If you are camping with your family, a larger cabin tent or camping trailer may be best.
Proper locations
Where you decide to set up your campsite is very important. Look for a high and dry location if it rains. The ground should be level because hills and rocks are uncomfortable to sleep on. A sunny exposure (接触) in the morning with shade in the afternoon is ideal.
________
Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you. If you are in a park, make sure to follow its rules. Put your garbage and waste in rubbish bins. If you are in the wilderness, keep minimum noises and do not disturb the plants or animals.
1．Before campers take up some fun activities, they should ________.
A．go fishing and hiking B．chat around the fire
C．wait for the rain D．put up their tent
2．If the camper faces a strong wind, which kind of tent might be the best choice
A．Lean-to tents. B．Pup tents.
C．Alpine tents. D．Dome tents.
3．Which of the following can be put in the ________
A．Park rules B．Green camping
C．Plant protectors D．Animal lovers
4．What does the underlined word “minimum” mean in Chinese
A．lowest B．highest C．biggest D．shortest
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To call on more people to take up camping.
B．To remind people to follow the rules of camping.
C．To offer some suggestions on how to prepare for camping.
D．To introduce the advantages and disadvantages of camping.
（4）
In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (两会) by a school leader, Chen Limin who is a member of Zhejiang Provincial Committe of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (浙江省政协委员会，简称CPPCC).
The suggestion was about making home care services beter for the elderly in Zhejiang. The idea came from 18-year-old Ma Zhenhan and his team. They are all part of the school’s model CPPCC club. “At first, we noticed that old people around us needed help but didn’t know how to get it,” Ma said.
So the teens did surveys and talked to many old people to understand their needs. They collected about 1,000 answers.
They found many problems with the recent home care services. One big one was that there were not enough services for the elderly. Another problem was that services didn’t meet personal needs. Some people needed door-to-door services like haircuts, while others wanted more fun activities.
Then, the students looked into laws and got advice from government officials. With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions, like making a big database (数据库), better service checks, and introducing easier-to-use smart products and so on.
They finally won the first prize in 2024 Hangzhou primary and junior high school student model CPPCC．
“I learned to be organized and work with others. I also saw how consultative democracy (协商民主) works and felt its power,” Ma said.
1．What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs
A．All the students in from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were surprised at the proposal.
B．Chen Limin thinks highly of the proposal from Ma Zhenhan and his team.
C．There are only five members in model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
D．Chen Limin became a leader of CPPCC of Zhejiang Province in January.
2．Which of the following is the problem that the seniors face in Zhenjiang province
A．Some old people didn’t use any smart products before.
B．Some old people didn’t know where to get haircut.
C．Some old people didn’t get help from next door.
D．Some old people couldn’t find the ways to have fun activities.
3．Which is the correct time order of these events
a. Their proposal was presented to the Zhejiang Provincial Two Sessions.
b .The students did surveys, interviewed elderly people, and collected 1,000 replies.
c. With some officials’ help, they came up with some ideas to solve the problems.
d. Ma Zhenhan joined the model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
e. The students noticed elderly people needed help but don’t know the ways to get it.
A．e-c-b-d-a B．d-e-b-c-a C．d-e-c-b-a D．a-c-d-b-c
4．How many ways did the students think of to solve the senior care problems at home
A．More than three. B．Three. C．Two. D．One.
5．In what part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage
A．Travel. B．Sport. C．Society. D．Environment.
（5）
From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors
According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Science, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青苷). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied many different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find it grows in many places around the world. Blue or purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The fruit tends to grow a lot in just one specific area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.
Animals also have an influence on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see.
However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual ability. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there will be more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red green color-blind. Most yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color.
1．What fruits are mentioned in the passage
A．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green pears.
B．Red apples, yellow bananas, blueberries and green melons.
C．Red apples, yellow lemons, strawberries and green melons.
D．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green melons.
2．Which one shows the relationship between the distance of the fruit to the equator(x) and its color(y)
A．B．C． D．
3．What does the underlined word “evolution” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Beauty. B．Structure. C．Development. D．Environment.
4．From the passage, we know______.
A．only a few fruit colors are found now B．carotenoid is blue or purple
C．red fruit just grow in warm places D．some fruit develops colors to attract animals
5．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Why fruit grows in different places
B．Why fruit has lots of different colors
C．Why colors of fruit are related to animals
D．Why colors of fruit are related to the climate
（6）
In recent years, more and more people are interested in electric vehicles. An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric motor instead of a gasoline engine (汽油发动机).
Electric vehicles have many advantages. First, they are more environmentally friendly. They produce less pollution than gasoline-powered vehicles. Second, they are more energy-efficient. They can convert (转换) more of the energy from the battery into movement than gasoline engines. Third, they are quieter. The electric motor makes much less noise than a gasoline engine.
However, electric vehicles also have some disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is the limited driving range. Most electric vehicles can only travel about 100-300 kilometers on a single charge (充电). Another disadvantage is the long charging time. It can take several hours to fully charge an electric vehicle, while it only takes a few minutes to fill up a gasoline-powered vehicle.
Despite these disadvantages, the development of electric vehicles is still very promising. With the improvement of battery technology, the driving range of electric vehicles is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter. In the future, electric vehicles may become the mainstream(主流) of the automotive industry.
1．What is an electric vehicle
A．A vehicle that uses a gasoline engine.
B．A vehicle that uses an electric motor.
C．A vehicle that uses both an electric motor and a gasoline engine.
D．A vehicle that uses neither an electric motor nor a gasoline engine.
2．How many advantages of electric vehicles are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
3．What is one of the main disadvantages of electric vehicles
A．They are more environmentally friendly. B．They are more energy-efficient.
C．They are quieter. D．The limited driving range.
4．Why is the development of electric vehicles still promising
A．Because they are more expensive.
B．Because they produce more pollution.
C．Because the driving range is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter with the improvement of battery technology.
D．Because they are more difficult to drive.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Advantages of Electric Vehicles B．The Disadvantages of Electric Vehicles
C．Electric Vehicles: Advantages and Disadvantages D．The Future of Electric Vehicles
（7）
In a busy city, it’s hard to find a time to really enjoy life. Mars Coffee is near the entrance of Minghu Park in Guangming District. It has become a popular place which combines technology and relaxation.
There is a humanoid robot (仿真机器人) here. People love it and call it “Iron Egg”. The robot uses cutting-edge artificial intelligence. It can make and change different coffee flavors easily. “I am good at making coffee in four steps.” the robot shares as it begins its work.
From grinding coffee beans to adding water at the right times, the robot makes sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of sour, sweet, and bitter tastes. The coffee it makes gives people an unforgettable feeling. While people wait for the coffee powder to bloom in hot water, the robot tells them why coffee is bitter at first. This makes people interested in the art of coffee making.
In spring, people can relax with a cup of coffee, a good book, and the nice smell of ink and coffee beans. It’s a special feeling, better than usual.
Peng Shenman is the manager of the coffee bar. He shared about the creative start of Mars Coffee. Mars Coffee comes from Lenghu Town in Qinghai, in the northwest of China. Lenghu means “Cold Lake” in Chinese. It is in the middle of the Gobi Desert. Lenghu is famous for its landscape that looks like Mars.
Peng said, “I know there are over 1,000 parks in Shenzhen. Some parks have AI coffee machines. But our coffee bar is special because it’s the only one with a humanoid robot.”
1．Where is Mars Coffee located
A．Near the entrance of Minghu Park B．In the centre of Guangming district
C．In the Lenghu Town in Qinghai D．In the Gobi Desert
2．What does the underlined-word “cutting-edge” mean
A．Sharp and dangerous. B．Modern and the newest.
C．Simple and boring. D．Outdated and unpopular.
3．What can the humanoid robot “Iron Egg” do
A．It can only make one flavor of coffee.
B．It can tell people stories while making coffee.
C．It can make sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of tastes.
D．It can make coffee without grinding coffee beans.
4．Why is the coffee bar named “Mars Coffee”
A．Because the coffee beans are from Mars.
B．Because the coffee bar is set up on Mars.
C．Because the coffee bar manager likes Mars.
D．Because it’s related to a place which looks like Mars.
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．It promotes the sale of coffee in a busy city.
B．It describes a coffee shop that combines technology and relaxation.
C．It explains the scientific process of coffee-making by a robot.
D．It introduces the best and most advanced coffee shop in Shenzhen.
（8）
Which animal has the largest ears You might think it’s the elephant, and you’d be kind of right.
As the largest living land animal, the African elephant does have the biggest ears of any living animal, according to Mary Holden, an expert at the American Museum of Natural History. But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠), a kind of nocturnal animal that is very active at night. They lives in the deserts of China and they live on insects.
The long-eared jerboa is about 10 centimeters long and it has a very long tail. Its ears, about 5 cm long, are about 50% the length (长度) of its body. Why such big ears “We believe that large ears have to do with warmer environments,” Mary said. “And if you look at African and Asian elephants, African elephant ears are much larger than Asian elephant ears, because African elephants live in a hotter climate.”
That’s the same as the long-eared jerboa. Its ears are large and thin, and they have many tiny blood vessels (血管). While running through the ears, the blood lets the heat go into the air. Therefore, the animal can cool off quickly.
Large ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in hot and dry environment. More importantly, they help the animal easily hear sounds coming from the insects or its enemies so that they can find food or avoid danger easily. That’s why it can survive in the desert.
1．What does the underline word nocturnal in paragraph 2 mean
A．Lazy. B．Small. C．Smart. D．Night.
2．Which of the following animal is the long-eared jerboa
A．B． C． D．
3．Why do African elephants have larger ears than Asian elephants
A．Because they live on insects and plants. B．Because they live in hotter and drier places.
C．Because they have many tiny blood vessels. D．Because they need bigger ears to keep warm.
4．How do big ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in the desert
① By leading it to find food. ② By helping it cool off quickly.
③ By helping it save energy. ④ By keeping it away from danger.
A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②③
5．What is the passage mainly about
A．Different kinds of elephants in the world. B．An expert’s research on African elephants.
C．The animal with the largest ears in the world.D．Reasons that animals can survive in the desert.
(9)
We often talk about how climate change will influence our future and the world around us, but researchers are now discovering that it also has an influence on our mental (心理的) health.
One way climate change has an effect on mental health is through natural disasters. Events like floods and wildfires are becoming more common because of climate change. These disasters can destroy (破坏) homes and communities, leaving people feeling scared and helpless. After such events, many people experience long term mental health problems like being worried or stressed out.
Another way climate change influences mental health is through “eco anxiety”. This is a feeling of worry or fear about the future of the planet. Many young people, especially, have such a feeling because they are worried about what the earth will be like when they grow up. They worry about whether there will be enough clean water, food, or safe places to live.
Although the climate change may be detrimental to our mental health, we can do something to reduce the harm. Keep in touch with nature and spend more time in green space. People use that as a way to deal with stress. Social connection is a really good way as well. We are not only connected to the world around us, but also to one another.
Climate change is not just an environmental problem. It also influences how people feel and think. By understanding this, we can take better care of our planet and ourselves.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage
A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving an example. D．By stating a fact.
2．What can climate change cause through natural disasters
A．Serious floods. B．Dangerous wildfires.
C．Long term worries. D．Beautiful communities.
3．Why do many young people go through “eco anxiety”
A．Because they cause the climate change.
B．Because they worry about the future of the planet.
C．Because they enjoy talking about the weather.
D．Because they don’t care about the environment.
4．What does the underlined word “detrimental” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Harmful. B．Difficult. C．Important. D．Common.
5．Which is the best title for this passage
A．Ways to Stop Climate Change B．Climate Change and Our Minds
C．Facts About Weather Change D．Ways to Solve Mental Problems
(10)
Humans love to give things names. We name our children, our pets and sometimes even our cars. But according to scientists, we may not be the only ones. Research has suggested that elephants, just like us, use names to call each other.
Elephants communicate using sounds. Besides their famous trumpeting noise, they also use a kind of low sounds that humans can’t hear. The researchers collected a lot of elephant sounds in Africa. They used machine learning to study the noises they heard and identified 469 special elephant “calls”.
The leader of the research said that elephants have specific calls for each other. They respond when a call is addressed to them and pay little attention to the call for others. The researchers also found that elephants don’t always use names when communicating with each other. They do it more often when they are far apart and when adults are talking to young elephants. Adults are found to use names more often than the young. It suggests that name-calling may be a skill that has to be learned over time.
The researchers tested the findings by playing elephant calls to a small group of the animals. In the test, the elephants responded actively when they heard recordings of their family members calling their names. This provides evidence to show that elephants can recognize their names.
The study opens a door into how elephants’ mind works. If we can know how they communicate, we may be able to communicate with them more directly and live with them better.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By mentioning a study.
C．By asking a question. D．By describing a problem.
2．Where do researchers record the elephant sounds
A．In Africa. B．In America. C．In Europe. D．In Asia.
3．What do we know about the elephants
A．They are born with the ability to use names.
B．They seldom answer the call for other elephants.
C．They prefer to use names when they get together.
D．Young elephants use names more often than adults.
4．What does the underlined word evidence in paragraph 4 possibly mean
A．Advice. B．Safety. C．Support. D．Service.
5．What is the main idea of the article
A．Elephants can communicate with humans.
B．Elephants have a good memory.
C．Elephants are disappearing at a fast speed.
D．Elephants call each other by name./ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
【赢在中考】2025年中考英语题型解读与技巧点拨学案
专题四 阅读理解B篇
B篇是考查学生能力的短文，一般为说明性的短文(科普文)。2024年B篇是一篇科普说明文，长难句、各种从句、句中句增多，这对考生的语法和理解能力提出了更高的要求。B篇阅读理解有2~3小题有些难度，可能会涉及文章的标题(title)、主题(main idea)、结论(conclusion)、结局(end)、词义猜测、代词指代等有关问题；在做题时需要仔细推敲，结合上下文，经过推理、筛选最终才能得出结论，选出正确的答案。值得注意的是，2024年广东中考真题着重考查了学生的思维能力，如第56小题的内容还原题，考查学生深度理解文本能力，需对文段内容整体感知与理解，方能做出正确的选择。还有，第57小题考查跨学科知识，需学生结合物理学科的声波知识、数学的坐标知识等，才能选出正确的答案。
2022年~2024年广东中考英语“阅读理解B篇”一览表
年份 主题 素材 体现的课标要求和学科核心素养
2024 人与自然(子主题：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生) 科学研究——通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤 文体：说明文 思维品质 科学思维
2023 人与自然(子主题：热爱与敬畏自然，与自然和谐共生) 动物的方向感 文体：说明文 思维品质 科学思维
2022 人与自我(子主题：丰富、充实、积极向上的生活) 世界著名的登山运动员杰瑞的故事 文体：记叙文 思维品质 科学思维
1. 先读题干，划关键词
快速浏览题目，圈出人名、地名、数字、时间、专有名词等定位词。明确题目问什么（如
价格、时间、目的、建议等）。
速读文章，把握结构
B篇多为分栏、小标题或条目式文本，重点读：
标题/副标题
首段或每段首句（总述）
（3） 图表、加粗/斜体字、项目符号
3. 定位信息，对比选项
（1）根据题干关键词快速扫描文章对应位置，逐句比对。
（2）注意同义替换（如题干"free"=文章"no charge"）。
4.排除干扰项
（1）绝对化选项（如"must"/"never"）常为错误答案。
（2）与原文矛盾或未提及的选项直接排除。
5.错误选项特征
无中生有（原文未出现的信息）
张冠李戴（混淆不同对象的信息）
偷换概念（如把"recommend"改为"must"）
（2024年广东中考B篇）
People know animals do have feelings，but they are not sure if these feelings are correctly understood.In recent years，scientists have done research about the feelings of cows， frogs and pandas. ▲ It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.(第56题答题线索)
The researchers put a bowl behind a door.Inside the bowl，sometimes，there was something chickens love to eat，such as rice or insects.Sometimes，there was nothing.When the chickens saw food behind the door，they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds，known as food calls.When there wasn’t food，the chickens made low and long noises to express disappointment.The researchers recorded all these sounds and studied their waves.(第57题答题线索)
Then the researchers chose 16 recordings of such chicken noises.Half were from the chickens seeing the food and half were from the chickens finding no food.The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.(第58题答题线索)Sixty-nine percent of the volunteers correctly understood whether the chickens were feeling happy or not， and some of them even had no experience of taking care of chickens.
The result shows that humans have the natural ability to understand the feelings of
chickens.Hopefully，this finding can bring about new technology to help with chicken-raising，a big industry in many countries.Some scientists are already working on a smart computer program that can identify chickens’feelings.This is good news for farmers who want to make the birds happier and healthier.
56.Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”in Paragraph 1？(新题型，内容还原题)
A.Humans may not like animals.
B.Scientists know nothing about it.
C.Nobody knows why this happens.
D.A new study adds chickens to the list.
【答案详解】本文介绍了一个有关鸡叫声的研究，研究结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤的。
56.D 内容还原题。根据“In recent years， scientists have done research about the feelings of cows， frogs and pandas.… It says that humans can tell whether a chicken is happy or sad by listening to its calls.”可知，空前提到牛、青蛙和熊猫，空后提到鸡，选项D “一项新的研究将鸡加入了这个名单” 符合语境，故选D。
57.Which is most probably the sound wave of a happy call by a chicken？(新题型，跨学科综合题)
A B C D
【答案详解】D 跨学科综合题。根据“When the chickens saw food behind the door， they seemed happy and produced fast and loud sounds…”可知，当鸡看到门后有食物时，它们似乎很高兴，并发出快速而响亮的声音。结合物理声波的常识可知，当鸡发出快速而响亮的声音时，其声音的频率高(波长小)且振幅大，故选D。
58.How did the volunteers help with the research？(细节理解题)
A.By listening to the chicken calls.
B.By taking care of the chickens.
C.By finding food for the chickens.
D.By making the chickens happy.
【答案详解】A 细节理解题。根据“The recordings were played to 194 volunteers.”可知，这些录音播放给194名志愿者听，所以志愿者们是通过听鸡叫声来帮助这项研究，故选A。
59.What does the underlined word “identify”mean in Paragraph 4？(词义猜测题)
A.Control. B.Hide. C.Recognize. D.Hurt.
【答案详解】C 词义猜测题。根据文意可知，一些科学家已经在研究一种可以识别鸡的情感的智能计算机程序。recognize意为“辨认，识别”符合文意，故选C。
60.What is the best title for the passage？(最佳标题题)
A.Chickens’ Food Calls
B.Happy Chickens，Sad Chickens
C.Farmers’ Best Choice
D.Smart Farmers， Healthy Farmers
【答案详解】B 最佳标题题。本文介绍一项研究，结果表明人类可以通过听鸡的叫声来判断它是高兴还是悲伤的，选项B “快乐的鸡，悲伤的鸡” 符合主题，故选B。
【真题在线】
（1）
（2021·广东·中考真题）According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供应). It is a sad fact especially when you consider how many families and homeless people are in hunger.
When Laura saw her school dining hall throw away food that was not eaten at all every day, she came up with an idea. She started a project to help her school dining hall to give away uneaten food to homeless shelters (庇护所) in her community. In the past three years, the same project has spread to other schools and some fast food restaurants throughout the city. The project is called Feed& find, and has already fed thousands of people in her city.
How does it work Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. When dining halls or restaurants have uneaten food left, they can use the app to share the information about the food. A truck driver working for the project is then sent to pick it up and take it to a shelter.
Pretty cool, right It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have developed similar projects for their communities.
Some people, however, have concerns about the safety of the uneaten food. They think such food may not be clean enough. Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.
1．The numbers in paragraph 1 tell us ________.
A．some people are poor B．food waste is serious
C．the population is large D．the research is interesting
2．Laura’s project first got food from ________.
A．her school dining hall B．her family
C．a fast food restaurant D．homeless shelter
3．People in other cities would like Laura to ________.
A．find a truck driver B．visit their communities
C．give away food to them D．help develop projects like hers
4．The underlined words “concerns” in this passage means ________.
A．ways B．secrets C．worries D．decisions
5．Which can be the best title for this passage
A．A Dining Guide App B．A Food Sharing Project
C．A Driving Service App D．A Food Safety Project
（2）
（2022·广东·中考真题）Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber. He has climbed many high mountains in the world. Starting in 2015, he and his friends spent two years on an adventure（探险）in South America, covering 7,800 miles. He was even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in 2018.
Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled. He asked himself, “Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”
Jerry learned that scientists need plants, rocks and water samples（样本）from the places far away to do research. But scientists can’t get there themselves as such places are hard to reach——only the bravest adventurers can make it. Jerry thought himself could do something to help. He then came up with an idea. He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists. By studying the samples, scientists could know more about the earth and find ways to protect it.
Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life of Mountain Qomolangma. The samples they brought back have helped scientists how plants live in extreme（极端的）conditions.
For Jerry, this kind of adventure is most satisfying. “Such adventures had made us see life in a different way. Now, being the best climber isn’t important for me, what matters is doing something helpful while climbing the mountains. There is still much more we can do.” Jerry said to a newspaper.
1．What is paragraph 1 mainly about
A．Jerry’s friends. B．Jerry’s achievements. C．High mountains. D．A geography magazine.
2．What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Satisfied. B．Lonely. C．Patient. D．Worried.
3．Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures
A．To make friends. B．To help scientists.C．To study plants. D．To train scientists.
4．Jerry’s and his friends’ adventures had changed ________.
A．their hobbies B．their friendship C．their understanding of life D．their living conditions
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Dangerous Mountains Climbing. B．Important Scientific Discoveries.
C．Plants Found on High Mountains. D．Adventures Turned into Something Greater.
（3）
（2023·广东·中考真题）Some animals can easily find their way home after a long journey. How do they make it Scientific research shows that they are born with certain unusual abilities for direction.
A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost. They can go as far as 110 metres and bring food home. These ants live in the open desert (沙漠), so they have nothing to guide them along the way. It’s like someone walking six kilometres through a dark forest.
Some fish have an unbelievable sense of smell. They can smell even a single drop of their home water in a large sea area. Some sea birds have a similar ability. They are able to make a smell map of their flying area.
Some animals can sense the earth’s magnetic field (磁场), while humans can’t. This magnetic field guides a certain kind of fish when they swim a long way to a place and then back. How can this kind of fish do that It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.
However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities. For example, many birds depend on stars for direction, but they get lost easily at night when city lights are kept on all night. To solve this problem, we can simply turn off some lights at night. Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.
1．Where is this passage most probably from
A．A storybook. B．An art magazine.
C．A guidebook. D．A science magazine.
2．How can a certain kind of ants find their way
A．By imagining the way. B．By counting their steps.
C．By bringing food together D．By walking through a forest.
3．What does the underlined word “mystery” in paragraph 4 probably mean
A．Secret. B．Choice. C．Reason. D．Feeling.
4．What are people advised to do according to the last paragraph
A．To help animals. B．To travel at night.
C．To keep city lights on. D．To develop unusual abilities.
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A．Birds’ Sense of Light B．Fish’s Sense of Smell
C．Animals’ Sense of Direction D．Animals’ Sense of Magnetic Field
参考答案
（1）
【导语】食物浪费是当今社会一个很大的问题，Laura开发了一个应用可以帮助解决这个问题。
1．推理判断题。根据“According to a research more than 130 billion pounds of on uneaten food go to waste in Laura’s country each year. That is about 30% of the yearly food supply (供应). ”可知每年有1300亿磅的食物的食物被浪费，这些数字向我们展示了食物浪费的严重。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Through an app, Feed& Find matches local homeless shelters with school dining halls and restaurants that have uneaten food to provide. ”可知Laura的项目最是从学校食堂开始。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“It’s not surprising that people in other cities have got in touch with Laura hoping that she could have develop similar projects for their communities.”可知其他城市的人也希望Laura帮他们开发这样的软件。故选D。
4．词义推断题。根据“They think such food may not be clean enough. ”可知一些人认为食物没那么干净，所以担心食物的安全。故选C。
5．最佳标题。根据“Still, this project is a clever way to help solve the problem of food waste and it helps those in need.”可知本文介绍的这个项目，可以帮助减少食物浪费，做到食物分享，B选项“一个食物分享项目”符合。故选B。
（2）
【导语】本文介绍杰里是世界著名的登山运动员，他想把自己的冒险变成对世界有帮助的事情，他和团队帮助科学家们了解了植物如何在极端条件下生存，在冒险的同时做了更伟大的事。
1．段落大意题。分析第一段内容可知，本段主要介绍杰里的一些成就，故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“Although Jerry had achieved great success, he didn’t feel fulfilled.”以及“Is it enough to climb the highest mountains Am I doing something helpful How can I turn my adventures into something that can help the world ”可知，虽然杰里已经获得了巨大的成功，但是他没有感到满足，此处fulfilled的意思是“满足，满意”，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientists.”可知，他组建了一支顶级探险团队，为科学家们收集样本。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“Such adventures had made us see life in a different way.”可知，这样的冒险让我们以不同的方式看待生活。故选C。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍杰里是世界著名的登山运动员，他想把自己的冒险变成对世界有帮助的事情，他和团队帮助科学家们了解了植物如何在极端条件下生存，在冒险的同时做了更伟大的事，选项D“冒险变成了更伟大的事情”符合主题，故选D。
（3）
【导语】本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感。
1．推理判断题。本文是围绕“动物的方向感”展开，可以在科学杂志上看到。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“A certain kind of ants, for example, can count their steps to avoid getting lost.”可知一些蚂蚁可以通过数步数来避免迷路。故选B。
3．词句猜测题。根据“It is still a mystery. Scientists have no good answers yet.”可知科学家还没有答案，因此可推知划线部分“mystery”与A选项“秘密”意思相近。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“However, animals with such unusual abilities still have difficulty dealing with environmental changes caused by human activities...Clearly, one small act of humans may mean a lot to animals.”可知本段说明人类的一个小举动可能对动物意义重大，因此是建议人们要帮助动物。故选A。
5．最佳标题题。本文介绍了动物天生就具有某些不寻常的方向感，“动物的方向感”为最佳标题。故填C。
【限时训练】
（1）
A comfort zone is a place, situation or level where there is the least stress. However, stepping into the learning zone can help to bring out the best in us. Here are the reasons.
Challenging yourself can help you be at your best
Stepping outside one’s comfort zone is important for personal development. How can we expect to make ourselves better is we only stick to the routine We should try something we might not succeed in.
Taking risks is what helps us grow
As children, we’re natural risk-taskers. But as we get older and learn to fear failure, we start trying fewer new things. We pay a heavy price for our fear of failure. There is no learning without any difficulties.
Facing new challenges can help us grow better
Our comfort zone seems to become smaller as we get older—but if we can keep expanding (扩大) it, we’ll open ourselves up to a greater world as we grow. As we step into the learning zone, we will get more comfortable with the skills gradually and we’ll start to move into the comfort zone. A study found that learning new life skills can help our brain stay sharp as we get older.
However, don’t push yourself too far. Have you heard of “Yerkes-Dodson Law” It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down. When stress becomes too great for us to deal with, we enter the danger zone.
1．What is a comfort zone
A．A place with high stress. B．A situation with the least stress.
C．A learning environment. D．A dangerous area.
2．According to the text, what helps keep our brain sharp
A．Staying in the comfort zone. B．Avoiding challenges.
C．Learning new life skills. D．Reducing stress.
3．What happens if stress becomes too high
A．Performance increases. B．Learning becomes easier.
C．Performance goes down. D．Challenges become simpler.
4．Which of the following picture can describe “Yerkes-Dodson Law”
A． B．
C． D．
5．What’s the best title for this passage
A．A comfort zone makes us safe B．What is a comfort zone
C．Step outside a comfort zone D．Never fear a comfort zone
（2）
Sports were a big part of my life as I grew up. When the weather was nice, I would be outside playing sports with my friends.
From about 5 to 13 years old, I spent most of my spare time playing in the playground. However, throughout all my years before high school, I never played football in any formal team. My junior high school didn’t have a football team, and I never tried out to play for any of the town teams. After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, “Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ” I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, “What is it like to be part of a team ” So, I decided to have a try.
My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous. I had to go through organized training, wear football pads, and play with a lot of other young players. Coaches called out loudly, and whistles blew all over the place. This was quite different from what I had experienced. Yet, as the day went on, things started to get more comfortable for me. I didn’t feel worried anymore.
I proudly look back on this time of my life. I succeeded, and I overcame the fear of uncertainty. In the end, I loved playing football in senior high school, made some lifelong friends along the way, and kept good health.
1．When did the writer join a football team
A．Before he went to school. B．When he was in senior high school.
C．When he was in junior high school. D．After he graduated from senior high school.
2．What does the underlined phrase “shrugged off” in Paragraph 2 mean
A．Tried out. B．Agreed with. C．Laughed at. D．Paid no attention to.
3．How did the writer feel on his first day in the school football team at first
A．Excited. B．Comfortable. C．Nervous. D．Bored.
4．What do the writer’s experiences in the football team tell us
A．Think before you act. B．Actions speak louder than words.
C．Everything’s hard in the beginning. D．A friend in need is a friend indeed.
10．What’s the best title for the passage
A．The Importance of Sports in Life B．My Experience in a Football Team
C．How to Overcome Fear in Sports D．My Love for Sports
（3）
Nowadays many people go camping. Camping can be enjoyed in the backyard or in the wilderness. Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.
Endless fun
Once the tent is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities. At night, campers often sit by the fire, talking and telling stories.
Required equipment
Shelter, bedclothes, food and water are necessary. Clothing should be prepared enough to protect against weather and insects. A hat, whistle, bug repellent (驱虫剂) and rope may come in handy. Don’t forget a flashlight, a compass, cookers and a first-aid box.
Various tents
There are many types and styles of tents. You should choose your tent based on your needs. If you are camping alone in the backyard, a simple lean-to or small tent may do. If you are camping with your family, a larger cabin tent or camping trailer may be best.
Proper locations
Where you decide to set up your campsite is very important. Look for a high and dry location if it rains. The ground should be level because hills and rocks are uncomfortable to sleep on. A sunny exposure (接触) in the morning with shade in the afternoon is ideal.
________
Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you. If you are in a park, make sure to follow its rules. Put your garbage and waste in rubbish bins. If you are in the wilderness, keep minimum noises and do not disturb the plants or animals.
1．Before campers take up some fun activities, they should ________.
A．go fishing and hiking B．chat around the fire
C．wait for the rain D．put up their tent
2．If the camper faces a strong wind, which kind of tent might be the best choice
A．Lean-to tents. B．Pup tents.
C．Alpine tents. D．Dome tents.
3．Which of the following can be put in the ________
A．Park rules B．Green camping
C．Plant protectors D．Animal lovers
4．What does the underlined word “minimum” mean in Chinese
A．lowest B．highest C．biggest D．shortest
5．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To call on more people to take up camping.
B．To remind people to follow the rules of camping.
C．To offer some suggestions on how to prepare for camping.
D．To introduce the advantages and disadvantages of camping.
（4）
In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (两会) by a school leader, Chen Limin who is a member of Zhejiang Provincial Committe of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (浙江省政协委员会，简称CPPCC).
The suggestion was about making home care services beter for the elderly in Zhejiang. The idea came from 18-year-old Ma Zhenhan and his team. They are all part of the school’s model CPPCC club. “At first, we noticed that old people around us needed help but didn’t know how to get it,” Ma said.
So the teens did surveys and talked to many old people to understand their needs. They collected about 1,000 answers.
They found many problems with the recent home care services. One big one was that there were not enough services for the elderly. Another problem was that services didn’t meet personal needs. Some people needed door-to-door services like haircuts, while others wanted more fun activities.
Then, the students looked into laws and got advice from government officials. With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions, like making a big database (数据库), better service checks, and introducing easier-to-use smart products and so on.
They finally won the first prize in 2024 Hangzhou primary and junior high school student model CPPCC．
“I learned to be organized and work with others. I also saw how consultative democracy (协商民主) works and felt its power,” Ma said.
1．What can be inferred from the first two paragraphs
A．All the students in from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were surprised at the proposal.
B．Chen Limin thinks highly of the proposal from Ma Zhenhan and his team.
C．There are only five members in model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
D．Chen Limin became a leader of CPPCC of Zhejiang Province in January.
2．Which of the following is the problem that the seniors face in Zhenjiang province
A．Some old people didn’t use any smart products before.
B．Some old people didn’t know where to get haircut.
C．Some old people didn’t get help from next door.
D．Some old people couldn’t find the ways to have fun activities.
3．Which is the correct time order of these events
a. Their proposal was presented to the Zhejiang Provincial Two Sessions.
b .The students did surveys, interviewed elderly people, and collected 1,000 replies.
c. With some officials’ help, they came up with some ideas to solve the problems.
d. Ma Zhenhan joined the model CPPCC club in Hangzhou No. 14 High School.
e. The students noticed elderly people needed help but don’t know the ways to get it.
A．e-c-b-d-a B．d-e-b-c-a C．d-e-c-b-a D．a-c-d-b-c
4．How many ways did the students think of to solve the senior care problems at home
A．More than three. B．Three. C．Two. D．One.
5．In what part of a newspaper can we probably find the passage
A．Travel. B．Sport. C．Society. D．Environment.
（5）
From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors. Why do different kinds of fruits have so many colors
According to Lu Wei from the Chinese Academy of Science, fruit colors actually come from their different pigments (色素), such as red or yellow carotenoid (类胡萝卜素) and blue or purple anthocyanin (花青苷). These pigments appear in different amounts, depending on the fruit’s environment. This causes the fruit to turn a certain color.
To find out how the environment affects fruit colors, Chinese scientists studied many different fruit colors, including white, red, blue, purple and black. They found that red fruit tends to grow in cooler places. And instead of just growing in one place, you can find it grows in many places around the world. Blue or purple fruit mostly grows in warm places. The fruit tends to grow a lot in just one specific area. The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.
Animals also have an influence on the evolution of fruit colors. Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places. Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see.
However, animals see colors in a different way. Fruit needs to develop colors that are suited to animals’ visual ability. For example, birds can see red more easily than humans can. Therefore, there will be more red fruit in areas where birds live. The lemurs (狐猴) of Madagascar are red green color-blind. Most yellow fruit can be found in their habitats, as they can easily see this color.
1．What fruits are mentioned in the passage
A．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green pears.
B．Red apples, yellow bananas, blueberries and green melons.
C．Red apples, yellow lemons, strawberries and green melons.
D．Red apples, yellow lemons, blueberries and green melons.
2．Which one shows the relationship between the distance of the fruit to the equator(x) and its color(y)
A．B．C． D．
3．What does the underlined word “evolution” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Beauty. B．Structure. C．Development. D．Environment.
4．From the passage, we know______.
A．only a few fruit colors are found now B．carotenoid is blue or purple
C．red fruit just grow in warm places D．some fruit develops colors to attract animals
5．What’s the best title for the passage
A．Why fruit grows in different places
B．Why fruit has lots of different colors
C．Why colors of fruit are related to animals
D．Why colors of fruit are related to the climate
（6）
In recent years, more and more people are interested in electric vehicles. An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric motor instead of a gasoline engine (汽油发动机).
Electric vehicles have many advantages. First, they are more environmentally friendly. They produce less pollution than gasoline-powered vehicles. Second, they are more energy-efficient. They can convert (转换) more of the energy from the battery into movement than gasoline engines. Third, they are quieter. The electric motor makes much less noise than a gasoline engine.
However, electric vehicles also have some disadvantages. One of the main disadvantages is the limited driving range. Most electric vehicles can only travel about 100-300 kilometers on a single charge (充电). Another disadvantage is the long charging time. It can take several hours to fully charge an electric vehicle, while it only takes a few minutes to fill up a gasoline-powered vehicle.
Despite these disadvantages, the development of electric vehicles is still very promising. With the improvement of battery technology, the driving range of electric vehicles is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter. In the future, electric vehicles may become the mainstream(主流) of the automotive industry.
1．What is an electric vehicle
A．A vehicle that uses a gasoline engine.
B．A vehicle that uses an electric motor.
C．A vehicle that uses both an electric motor and a gasoline engine.
D．A vehicle that uses neither an electric motor nor a gasoline engine.
2．How many advantages of electric vehicles are mentioned in the passage
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
3．What is one of the main disadvantages of electric vehicles
A．They are more environmentally friendly. B．They are more energy-efficient.
C．They are quieter. D．The limited driving range.
4．Why is the development of electric vehicles still promising
A．Because they are more expensive.
B．Because they produce more pollution.
C．Because the driving range is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter with the improvement of battery technology.
D．Because they are more difficult to drive.
5．What is the best title for the passage
A．The Advantages of Electric Vehicles B．The Disadvantages of Electric Vehicles
C．Electric Vehicles: Advantages and Disadvantages D．The Future of Electric Vehicles
（7）
In a busy city, it’s hard to find a time to really enjoy life. Mars Coffee is near the entrance of Minghu Park in Guangming District. It has become a popular place which combines technology and relaxation.
There is a humanoid robot (仿真机器人) here. People love it and call it “Iron Egg”. The robot uses cutting-edge artificial intelligence. It can make and change different coffee flavors easily. “I am good at making coffee in four steps.” the robot shares as it begins its work.
From grinding coffee beans to adding water at the right times, the robot makes sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of sour, sweet, and bitter tastes. The coffee it makes gives people an unforgettable feeling. While people wait for the coffee powder to bloom in hot water, the robot tells them why coffee is bitter at first. This makes people interested in the art of coffee making.
In spring, people can relax with a cup of coffee, a good book, and the nice smell of ink and coffee beans. It’s a special feeling, better than usual.
Peng Shenman is the manager of the coffee bar. He shared about the creative start of Mars Coffee. Mars Coffee comes from Lenghu Town in Qinghai, in the northwest of China. Lenghu means “Cold Lake” in Chinese. It is in the middle of the Gobi Desert. Lenghu is famous for its landscape that looks like Mars.
Peng said, “I know there are over 1,000 parks in Shenzhen. Some parks have AI coffee machines. But our coffee bar is special because it’s the only one with a humanoid robot.”
1．Where is Mars Coffee located
A．Near the entrance of Minghu Park B．In the centre of Guangming district
C．In the Lenghu Town in Qinghai D．In the Gobi Desert
2．What does the underlined-word “cutting-edge” mean
A．Sharp and dangerous. B．Modern and the newest.
C．Simple and boring. D．Outdated and unpopular.
3．What can the humanoid robot “Iron Egg” do
A．It can only make one flavor of coffee.
B．It can tell people stories while making coffee.
C．It can make sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of tastes.
D．It can make coffee without grinding coffee beans.
4．Why is the coffee bar named “Mars Coffee”
A．Because the coffee beans are from Mars.
B．Because the coffee bar is set up on Mars.
C．Because the coffee bar manager likes Mars.
D．Because it’s related to a place which looks like Mars.
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．It promotes the sale of coffee in a busy city.
B．It describes a coffee shop that combines technology and relaxation.
C．It explains the scientific process of coffee-making by a robot.
D．It introduces the best and most advanced coffee shop in Shenzhen.
（8）
Which animal has the largest ears You might think it’s the elephant, and you’d be kind of right.
As the largest living land animal, the African elephant does have the biggest ears of any living animal, according to Mary Holden, an expert at the American Museum of Natural History. But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠), a kind of nocturnal animal that is very active at night. They lives in the deserts of China and they live on insects.
The long-eared jerboa is about 10 centimeters long and it has a very long tail. Its ears, about 5 cm long, are about 50% the length (长度) of its body. Why such big ears “We believe that large ears have to do with warmer environments,” Mary said. “And if you look at African and Asian elephants, African elephant ears are much larger than Asian elephant ears, because African elephants live in a hotter climate.”
That’s the same as the long-eared jerboa. Its ears are large and thin, and they have many tiny blood vessels (血管). While running through the ears, the blood lets the heat go into the air. Therefore, the animal can cool off quickly.
Large ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in hot and dry environment. More importantly, they help the animal easily hear sounds coming from the insects or its enemies so that they can find food or avoid danger easily. That’s why it can survive in the desert.
1．What does the underline word nocturnal in paragraph 2 mean
A．Lazy. B．Small. C．Smart. D．Night.
2．Which of the following animal is the long-eared jerboa
A．B． C． D．
3．Why do African elephants have larger ears than Asian elephants
A．Because they live on insects and plants. B．Because they live in hotter and drier places.
C．Because they have many tiny blood vessels. D．Because they need bigger ears to keep warm.
4．How do big ears help the long-eared jerboa to live in the desert
① By leading it to find food. ② By helping it cool off quickly.
③ By helping it save energy. ④ By keeping it away from danger.
A．①②④ B．①③④ C．②③④ D．①②③
5．What is the passage mainly about
A．Different kinds of elephants in the world. B．An expert’s research on African elephants.
C．The animal with the largest ears in the world.D．Reasons that animals can survive in the desert.
(9)
We often talk about how climate change will influence our future and the world around us, but researchers are now discovering that it also has an influence on our mental (心理的) health.
One way climate change has an effect on mental health is through natural disasters. Events like floods and wildfires are becoming more common because of climate change. These disasters can destroy (破坏) homes and communities, leaving people feeling scared and helpless. After such events, many people experience long term mental health problems like being worried or stressed out.
Another way climate change influences mental health is through “eco anxiety”. This is a feeling of worry or fear about the future of the planet. Many young people, especially, have such a feeling because they are worried about what the earth will be like when they grow up. They worry about whether there will be enough clean water, food, or safe places to live.
Although the climate change may be detrimental to our mental health, we can do something to reduce the harm. Keep in touch with nature and spend more time in green space. People use that as a way to deal with stress. Social connection is a really good way as well. We are not only connected to the world around us, but also to one another.
Climate change is not just an environmental problem. It also influences how people feel and think. By understanding this, we can take better care of our planet and ourselves.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic of the passage
A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers.
C．By giving an example. D．By stating a fact.
2．What can climate change cause through natural disasters
A．Serious floods. B．Dangerous wildfires.
C．Long term worries. D．Beautiful communities.
3．Why do many young people go through “eco anxiety”
A．Because they cause the climate change.
B．Because they worry about the future of the planet.
C．Because they enjoy talking about the weather.
D．Because they don’t care about the environment.
4．What does the underlined word “detrimental” mean in Paragraph 4
A．Harmful. B．Difficult. C．Important. D．Common.
5．Which is the best title for this passage
A．Ways to Stop Climate Change B．Climate Change and Our Minds
C．Facts About Weather Change D．Ways to Solve Mental Problems
(10)
Humans love to give things names. We name our children, our pets and sometimes even our cars. But according to scientists, we may not be the only ones. Research has suggested that elephants, just like us, use names to call each other.
Elephants communicate using sounds. Besides their famous trumpeting noise, they also use a kind of low sounds that humans can’t hear. The researchers collected a lot of elephant sounds in Africa. They used machine learning to study the noises they heard and identified 469 special elephant “calls”.
The leader of the research said that elephants have specific calls for each other. They respond when a call is addressed to them and pay little attention to the call for others. The researchers also found that elephants don’t always use names when communicating with each other. They do it more often when they are far apart and when adults are talking to young elephants. Adults are found to use names more often than the young. It suggests that name-calling may be a skill that has to be learned over time.
The researchers tested the findings by playing elephant calls to a small group of the animals. In the test, the elephants responded actively when they heard recordings of their family members calling their names. This provides evidence to show that elephants can recognize their names.
The study opens a door into how elephants’ mind works. If we can know how they communicate, we may be able to communicate with them more directly and live with them better.
1．How does the writer introduce the topic
A．By telling a story. B．By mentioning a study.
C．By asking a question. D．By describing a problem.
2．Where do researchers record the elephant sounds
A．In Africa. B．In America. C．In Europe. D．In Asia.
3．What do we know about the elephants
A．They are born with the ability to use names.
B．They seldom answer the call for other elephants.
C．They prefer to use names when they get together.
D．Young elephants use names more often than adults.
4．What does the underlined word evidence in paragraph 4 possibly mean
A．Advice. B．Safety. C．Support. D．Service.
5．What is the main idea of the article
A．Elephants can communicate with humans.
B．Elephants have a good memory.
C．Elephants are disappearing at a fast speed.
D．Elephants call each other by name.
参考答案
（1）
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了走出舒适区对我们的个人发展的重要性，并讲述了相关的理由。
1．细节理解题。根据“A comfort zone is a place, situation or level where there is the least stress.”可知，舒适区是一个压力最小的地方、情境或水平。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“A study found that learning new life skills can help our brain stay sharp as we get older.”可知，学习新的生活技能有助于保持大脑的敏锐。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down.”可知，当压力过高时，表现会下降。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“It means performance increases as stress grows, but only up to a point. If the level of stress becomes too high, performance will go down.”可知耶克斯道森定律意味着随着压力的增加，表现也会增加，但是它只会增加到一定程度，当压力过大时，表现就会下降。故选A。
5．最佳标题题。文章主要讲述了走出舒适区的重要性及其对个人成长的积极影响。选项C“走出舒适区”最符合文章主旨。故选C。
（2）
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者从一开始没有加入过正式足球队，到高中时在朋友的建议下决定尝试加入学校足球队，以及加入足球队第一天的经历和感受，最后还收获了友谊和健康。
1．细节理解题。根据“After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, ‘Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ’ I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, ‘What is it like to be part of a team ’ So, I decided to have a try.”以及“My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy.”可知，作者是在高中的时候加入了学校的足球队。故选B。
2．词义猜测题。根据“After I graduated from junior high school, some of my friends asked, ‘Are you going to try out for the senior high school team ’ I hadn’t really thought about it. So I just shrugged off their suggestion. However, the more I thought about it, the more I wondered, ‘What is it like to be part of a team ’”可知，一开始作者没有认真想过这件事，所以对朋友们的建议没有太在意，后来才仔细考虑并决定尝试。所以“shrugged off”意思是“没有注意；不予理会”，与“Paid no attention to.”意思相符。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous.”可知，作者在学校足球队的第一天一开始感觉很紧张。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“My first day in the school football team wasn’t easy. I was really nervous. I had to go through organized training, wear football pads, and play with a lot of other young players. Coaches called out loudly, and whistles blew all over the place. This was quite different from what I had experienced. Yet, as the day went on, things started to get more comfortable for me. I didn’t feel worried anymore.”可知，作者一开始加入足球队的时候很紧张，觉得不容易，但是随着时间推移情况变好了。这告诉我们任何事情开始的时候都是困难的。选项C“万事开头难。”符合文意。故选C。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了作者从一开始没有加入过正式足球队，到高中时在朋友的建议下决定尝试加入学校足球队，以及加入足球队第一天的经历和感受，最后还收获了友谊和健康。所以文章主要围绕作者在足球队的经历展开，“My Experience in a Football Team”作为标题最合适。故选B。
（3）
【导语】本文就如何准备露营提供一些建议。
1．细节理解题。根据“Endless fun”中的“Once the tent is put up and the fire area is prepared, there is lots to do. Fishing and hiking are just some of the fun activities.”可知，在露营者开始一些有趣的活动之前，他们应该搭帐篷。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Various tents”中的“Alpine tents safe for terrible weather”可知，Alpine tents可以安全面对糟糕天气，所以如果露营者面临强风，那么最好选择Alpine tents。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“Wherever you camp, it is important to respect the environment around you.”可知，此处是露营与环保之间的关系，所以B选项“绿色露营”符合。故选B。
4．词句猜测题。根据“and do not disturb the plants or animals”可知，不要打扰植物或动物，所以是发出最低音贝的声音，minimum与lowest“最低的”意思相近。故选A。
5．主旨大意题。根据“Whether camping for one night or several weeks, being prepared is the key.”并结合全文可知，文章就如何准备露营提供了一些建议。故选C。
（4）
【导语】本文主要讲述了杭州第十四中学的五名学生通过调研提出改善浙江省居家养老服务的提案，并最终获得奖项的故事。
1．推理判断题。根据“In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (两会) by a school leader, Chen Limin who is a member of Zhejiang Provincial Committe of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference”可知，马振汉及团队的提案被陈利民带到了两会，说明他高度赞扬该提案。故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Some people needed door-to-door services like haircuts, while others wanted more fun activities.”可知，一些老人想要更多的娱乐活动，说明他们没有找到有趣的娱乐方式。故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“The idea came from 18-year-old Ma Zhenhan and his team. They are all part of the school’s model CPPCC club. ‘At first, we noticed that old people around us needed help but didn’t know how to get it’”可知，先是马振汉加入俱乐部，然后注意到老年人需要帮助，但不知道如何获得帮助；根据“So the teens did surveys and talked to many old people to understand their needs. They collected about 1,000 answers.”可知，接着他们对发现的问题进行调查；根据“Then, the students looked into laws and got advice from government officials. With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions”可知，随后他们在一些官员的帮助下提出了一些解决办法；根据“In January, 2025, five students from Hangzhou No. 14 High School were in for a nice surprise. Their proposal (提案) was taken to the Zhejiang provincial two sessions (两会) by a school leader”可知，最后是他们的提案被带到浙江省两会上。因此正确的顺序是d-e-b-c-a。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“With their tutors’ help, they came up with some solutions, like making a big database (数据库), better service checks, and introducing easier-to-use smart products and so on.”可知，他们提出了建立一个大型数据库，更好的服务检查，以及引入更易于使用的智能产品等等方法。故选A。
5．推理判断题。本文主要讲述了杭州第十四中学的五名学生通过调研提出改善浙江省居家养老服务的提案，并最终获得奖项的故事。其内容主要是关于居家养老和社会服务，可以在社会版块找到该文章。故选C。
（5）
【导语】本文主要讲述了水果有不同颜色的原因。
1．细节理解题。根据文中“From red apples and yellow lemons to blueberries and green melons, fruit comes in many different colors.”可知，文中提到的水果有红苹果、黄柠檬、蓝莓和绿瓜，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The scientists also found that the closer the fruit is to the equator, the darker its color will be.”可知，水果离赤道越近，颜色越深，选项A符合，故选A。
3．词义猜测题。根据“Animals eat fruit and drop the seeds in other places later. This helps the fruit spread and grow in different places.”可知，因此，动物吃水果，然后把种子扔到其他地方，这有助于水果在不同的地方传播和生长，也就是说这种行为有助于水果的发展，所以evolution在此处的意思是“发展”，与development同义，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Therefore, in order to attract animals, some fruit develops colors that are easy for animals to see.”可知，一些水果会发展出易于动物看到的颜色以吸引动物，故选D。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了水果有不同颜色的原因，因此，最佳标题应为“为什么水果有这么多不同的颜色”，故选B。
（6）
【导语】本文主要讲述了电动汽车的优缺点。
1．细节理解题。根据“An electric vehicle is a vehicle that uses an electric motor instead of a gasoline engine (汽油发动机).”可知，电动汽车是一种使用电动机的车辆。故选B。
2．细节理解题。通读第二段内容“ First, they are more environmentally friendly....Second, they are more energy-efficient...Third, they are quieter.”可知， 一共提到了电动汽车的三个优点。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“One of the main disadvantages is the limited driving range.”可知，电动汽车的主要缺点之一是续航里程有限。故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据“With the improvement of battery technology, the driving range of electric vehicles is getting longer and the charging time is getting shorter.”可知，随着电池技术的改进，电动汽车的续航里程越来越长，充电时间越来越短，因此电动汽车的发展前景仍然很乐观。故选C。
5．最佳标题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了电动汽车的优缺点，因此C项“电动汽车：优点和缺点”适合作标题。故选C。
（7）
【导语】本文主要介绍了Mars Coffee，正以独特的“科技+放松”体验，成为城市中的一抹亮色。
1．细节理解题。根据“Mars Coffee is near the entrance of Minghu Park in Guangming District”可知，Mars Coffee 位于深圳光明区明湖公园的入口。故选A。
2．词义猜测题。根据“The robot uses cutting-edge artificial intelligence.”可知，此处是说“该机器人使用了尖端的人工智能”，因此“cutting-edge”指“最前沿的、最新的”，且文中提到机器人使用该技术制作咖啡，选项B符合语境。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“From grinding coffee beans to adding water at the right times, the robot makes sure each cup of coffee has a good mix of sour, sweet, and bitter tastes.”可知，机器人从研磨咖啡豆到控制水量，确保每杯咖啡的酸、甜、苦平衡。因此机器人能确保每杯咖啡的味道平衡。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Mars Coffee comes from Lenghu Town in Qinghai, in the northwest of China. Lenghu means ‘Cold Lake’ in Chinese. It is in the middle of the Gobi Desert. Lenghu is famous for its landscape that looks like Mars.”可知，灵感源自青海冷湖镇的戈壁地貌，因其景观酷似火星，故得名“Mars Coffee”。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文围绕“Mars Coffee”如何结合科技与休闲体验展开，选项B概括全面。故选B。
（8）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了耳朵最大的动物是跳鼠，介绍了跳鼠的体型特征以及大耳朵对它的作用。
1．词义猜测题。根据“But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠), a kind of nocturnal animal that is very active at night.”可知，这种动物在晚上很活跃，是夜行动物，所以“nocturnal”指的是“夜间活动的”。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The long-eared jerboa is about 10 centimeters long and it has a very long tail. Its ears, about 5 cm long, are about 50% the length (长度) of its body.”可知，长耳跳鼠长约10厘米，尾巴很长。它的耳朵长约5厘米，约为身体长度的50%。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“African elephant ears are much larger than Asian elephant ears, because African elephants live in a hotter climate.”可知，非洲象的耳朵比亚洲象的耳朵大得多，因为非洲象生活在更炎热的气候中。故选B。
4细节理解题。根据“While running through the ears, the blood lets the heat go into the air. Therefore, the animal can cool off quickly”及“More importantly, they help the animal easily hear sounds coming from the insects or its enemies so that they can find food or avoid danger easily.”可知，大耳朵可以帮助长耳跳鼠寻找食物、快速冷却、让它远离危险。故选A。
5．主旨大意题。根据“But the animal with the largest ears relative to the size of its body is the long-eared jerboa (跳鼠)”可知，本文介绍了世界上耳朵最大的动物。故选C。
（9）
【导语】本文主要探讨气候变化对人们心理健康的影响，介绍了通过自然灾害和“生态焦虑”两种方式产生的影响，并提出了一些应对伤害的措施，呼吁人们关注地球和自身。
1．推理判断题。根据“We often talk about how climate change will influence our future and the world around us, but researchers are now discovering that it also has an influence on our mental (心理的) health.”可知，文章开头通过陈述了“气候变化不仅影响未来和周围世界，还影响心理健康” 这一事实，从而引出主题。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据“These disasters can destroy (破坏) homes and communities, leaving people feeling scared and helpless. After such events, many people experience long - term mental health problems like being worried or stressed out.”可知，气候变化通过自然灾害导致人们产生长期的担忧等心理健康问题。洪水和野火是自然灾害的例子，不是结果，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Another way climate change influences mental health is through ‘ecoanxiety’. This is a feeling of worry or fear about the future of the planet. Many young people, especially, have such a feeling because they are worried about what the earth will be like when they grow up.”可知，很多年轻人有“生态焦虑”是因为他们担心地球的未来。故选B。
4．词句猜测题。根据“Although the climate change may be detrimental to our mental health, we can do something to reduce the harm.”中reduce the harm可知，detrimental意思和harm相关，harmful意思是“有害的”，符合语境。故选A。
5．最佳标题题。文章围绕气候变化对心理健康的影响展开。故选B。
（10）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了大象能互相叫对方的名字。
1．推理判断题。根据“But according to scientists, we may not be the only ones.”可知，科学家指出，我们可能并非唯一这样做的生物，因此可以推断出是一项研究，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The researchers collected a lot of elephant sounds in Africa. ”可知，研究人员在非洲记录大象的声音，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“The researchers also found that elephants...when adults are talking to young elephants.”可知，他们很少回应其他大象的呼喊，故选B。
4．词句猜测题。根据“In the test, the elephants responded actively when they heard recordings of their family members calling their names.”可知，evidence意思是“证据，证明”，故选C。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了大象能互相叫对方的名字，故选D。
