Unit 7 The unknown world单元话题语法填空（含答案+解析） -2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（沪教牛津版）

2024-2025学年八年级英语下册单元重难点高频易错题专练（沪教牛津版）
Unit 7 The unknown world单元话题语法填空
一、语法填空
1．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
Over millions of years ago, there were deserts. Now about one fifth of the Earth's surface　 　(be) deserts. The size of the world's deserts is always　 　(change). Deserts can be hot or cold. The Australian Desert is a hot desert, while the Gobi Desert in Mongolia is an example of a cold desert. Deserts are dry areas where less than 25 cm of rain falls each year. The Sahara Desert in Africa receives　 　(little) than 1.5 cm of rain a year.　 　rain doesn't fall very often in deserts, sometimes even for years, there can be heavy rain　 　(sudden). Because they are dry, deserts have wide changes in temperature each day. When the Sun goes　 　, it is very hot. At night, the heat　 　(receive) by the ground during the day　 　(quick) disappears (消失), and then it becomes very cold. Because　 　the change, living in the desert is very difficult. People can make deserts, but they can also stop them from getting larger and larger. Planting trees can prevent the sand from　 　(spread).
2．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
Chelsea Fearce is seventeen years old. There are five members in her family. They are 　 　 poor that they live in a Shelter (收容所). "Getting a shower, food and clean clothes was not easy for 　 　(I)," Fearce said. "I'm worried 　 　 my family and my home life. I know I have to become stronger 　 　 (offer) my family a good life."
When she was in high school, Fearce often stayed up late to study 　 　 she wanted to have a 　 　 (good) life than before. She just told herself to keep 　 　 (work).
Fearce overcame (克服) all the 　 　 (difficulty). She got high grades and she became a college student. "Never 　 　 (give) up! Do what you have to do right now so that you can have 　 　 bright future." Fearce told everyone.
3．语法填空
My good friend Laura is my cousin. She is five years 　 　(old) than me. I am fourteen years old, so she is nineteen now. She lives in Bristol. She is very 　 　(friend) and easy to get along with. She has long brown hair and big eyes. She wants to be a dancer when she 　 　 up.
When she was six years old, she began 　 　 (learn) dancing. She wants to be a super dancer, but it's difficult. She often 　 　(dance) in shows and I have watched her shows many times. I love watching her dance. We talk about everything together and we always share our 　 　(happy) and sadness with each other. My favourite saying is "A true friend reaches for your hand and touches your heart". Laura is 　 　 friend like this.
Laura is very busy every day 　 　 she also studies photography at a university. 　 　 is a really good photographer and she has taken lots of 　 　 (wonder) photos. Last year, she won the first prize in the city's photo competition.
I am lucky that I have such a good friend.
4．阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。
I went to the seaside to spend my holiday last summer with my family. One day, I was swimming in the river　 　someone shouted, "Look out. There is a shark not far away!" On　 　 (hear) the shout, I was very frightened because I was well aware of its　 　 (dangerous). "Just don't worry, Tom!" my father said to me, "but in order to be　 　 (safety), let's go back to our hotel."
We stayed in the seaside for about two weeks. Though the weather was much　 　 (hot) than that in my home town, I got used to it and　 　 (feel) at home. Every morning, I got up earlier than my parents and went for breakfast ahead of time. Then I went to have　 　chat with my new friend, John. John lived near the seaside 　 　he knew the seaside well. Soon we became very good friends. After I left, we　 　 (be) in touch with each other for a long time.
Now, I still often hear from him. We talked in our letters about things and persons we remembered in the seaside　 　 (happy).
5．阅读下面短文，根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的，限填一词)，使文章意思完整、正确。
Tina woke up at midnight. She saw something dive towards the ground. The next morning Tina mentioned it 　 　her brother Tom. They decided 　 　 (explore) after school. 　 　 6 p. m., they reached the forest. They heard some voices 　 　 (speak) a strange language. There was an alien standing next to a long spaceship. The children were 　 　 (frighten). Suddenly another alien appeared from the bushes in front 　 　 them. The children ran 　 　in fear. The next morning the children told their parents about the strange 　 　(creature), but their dad refused
　 　(believe) them. Tina and Tom spread their wings and 　 　(fly) to school together. Their dad looked at the piece of paper with the strange marks written by Tom. It said "EARTH".
6．语法填空
Plenty of people dream of going to Mars.　 　 different from those people, 13-year-old Alyssa Carson has been working　 　 (happy) for that dream since the age of 4, according to a new report which 　 　 (make) by the BBC not long ago.
Alyssa tells the BBC, "I hope 　 　 (go) to Mars because it is a place that no one has been to before. I want to take that first step. "According to the BBC, she 　 　(attend) US's three world space camps so far.
Her father, Bert Carson, tells the BBC that Alyssa plans to be on the first long journey to Mars, which is expected to take place in 　 　 year of 2033. "We are proud 　 　 her," he says. "We have the next eighteen 　 　 (year) planned out." One of those plans is Alyssa attending the International Space University.
Of course, Alyssa's dream could come with　 　(big) sacrifices(牺牲) than others. If Alyssa goes to Mars, maybe 　 　 is very difficult for her to return to Earth. Still, her father says, "If that's the only choice she has, she still wants to go." Alyssa agrees.
7．语法填空
Dear Jack,
I had a very 　 　 (usual) experience on Sunday. 　 　 around ten o'clock in the morning, I was walking down the street 　 　a UFO landed right in front of me. You can imagine how 　 　 (stranger) it was! An alien got out and 　 　 (walk) down Center Street.
I followed it 　 　 see where it was going, and I was very 　 　 (surprise) when it went into a souvenir shop. While I 　 　 (look) at the souvenirs, the shop assistant called the police. Before the police arrived, 　 　 alien left the shop and then visited the Museum of Flight. While the alien was in the museum, I called the TV station. Isn't that 　 　 (amazed)
Love,
Ted
8．语法填空
Over millions of years ago, there were no deserts. Now about three tenths of the Earth's surface　 　 deserts. The size of the world's deserts is always 　 　 (change). Deserts can be hot or cold. The Australian Desert is a hot desert, while the Gobi Desert in Mongolia is an example of a cold desert. Deserts are dry areas 　 　 less than 50 cm of rain falls each year. The Sahara Desert in Africa receives less than 1.5 cm a year. 　 　 rain doesn't fall very often in deserts, sometimes even for years, there can be heavy rain 　 　(sudden). Because they are dry, deserts have wide changes in temperature each day. When the sun 　 　(go) up, it is very hot. At night, the heat 　 　 (receive) by the ground during the day 　 　 (quick) disappears (消失), and then it becomes very cold. Because　 　the change, living in the desert is very difficult. Man can make deserts, but they can also stop them from getting larger and larger. Planting trees can prevent the sand from　 　(spread).
答案解析部分
1．is；changing；less；Although；suddenly；up；received；quickly；of；spreading
文章大意：本文主要介绍了地球表面的沙漠面积越来越大，并介绍了撒哈拉沙漠的基本情况。
（1）现在地球表面大约五分之一是沙漠。 根据语境可知，此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，此处主语是分数修饰的专有名词，系动词应该用单数is，故填is。
（2）世界上沙漠的面积一直在改变。根据句中always和空前系动词is可知，此处表示目前一段时间正在发生的事情，用现在进行时，change改变，动词，故填changing。
（3）非洲的撒哈拉沙漠每年的降雨量少于1.5厘米。little很少的，形容词，根据空后than可知，此处应该用比较级，less than少于，固定短语，故填less。
（4）尽管沙漠里不常下雨，有时甚至好几年，但是也可以会突然有大雨。根据前后句句意可知，前句表示让步关系，少于此处应该是although引导的让步状语从句，句首单词首字母大写，故填Although。
（5） 尽管沙漠里不常下雨，有时甚至好几年，但是也可以会突然有大雨。 sudden突然的，形容词， suddenly 突然，副词，此处修饰整个句子，需要副词，故填suddenly 。
（6）当太阳升起的时候，天气很热。go up上升，固定短语，根据 it is very hot. 可知，此处指太阳升起，故填up。
（7） 白天被地面接收到的热量很快消失了receive接收，动词；根据空后 by the ground 可知，此处heat是receive 的动作承受者，所以此处是动词的过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系，故填received。
（8） 白天被地面接收到的热量很快消失了。quickly快速地，副词， quick快速的，形容词，此处修饰动词，需要副词，故填quickly 。
（9） 由于变化，生活在沙漠是非常困难的。because of由于，固定短语，后跟名词，代词或动名词，根据语境可知，故填of。
（10） 植树可以防止沙土蔓延。 spread 蔓延，动词，prevent…from doing sth.阻止……做某事，固定短语，所以此处需要动名词，故填spreading。
考查语法填空。首先跳过空格通读全文，了解文章大意，然后根据语境选择正确的词性和词形，注意语法，固定搭配和句型结构等因素。
2．so；me；about；to offer；because；better；working；difficulties；give；a
主要讲了 Chelsea Fearce家境贫穷但是她永不言弃，通过努力最终成为一名大学生，有了光明的前途。
（1）他们是如此贫穷以至于他们住在一个收容所里。so+形容词+that+句子意思是如此......，以至于......，故填so。
（2）洗澡、得到食物和干净的衣服是不简单的。for是介词，所以后面用宾格，I是主格，其宾格是me，故填me。
（3）我担心我的家人和我家的生活。be worried about担心......，故填about。
（4）我知道我不得不变得更加强大才能给我的家人提供个好生活。变得更加强大的目的是给家人提供好生活，to do不定式表目的，故填to offer。
（5）Fearce经常熬夜学习因为她想有一个比之前更好的生活。前后两句表示因果关系，后句是原因，所以用连词because，than是比较级的标志词，所以用good比较级better，故填because，better。
（6）她仅仅告诉她继续学习。keep doing sth.继续做某事，故填working。
（7）Fearce克服了所有的困难。difficulty是可数名词，all后面用可数名词复数，即difficulties，故填difficulties。
（8）永不言弃。never give up永不言弃，故填give。
（9）马上做你必须做的事情，目的是你能有一个光明的未来。future是可数名词，bright以辅音音素开头，所以用a，故填a。
考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
3．older；friendly；grows；to learn；dances；happiness；a；because；She；wonderful
文章大意：本文介绍了我的好朋友劳拉，长大以后想当一名舞蹈家，现在在大学学习摄影，曾在比赛中获得第一名。
（1）她比我大五岁。根据连词than可知此句要用比较级。故填older。
（2）她非常友好，很容易相处。friend，名词，朋友。根据语境可知此句需要形容词，friend对应的形容词friendly，有好的，和蔼的，故填friendly。
（3）她长大后想当一名舞蹈演员。固定短语grow up，长大以后，因主语是she，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填grows。
（4）她六岁时，她开始学跳舞。learn，动词，学习；短语begin to do sth，开始做某事。故填to learn。
（5）她经常在演出中跳舞，她的演出我也看过很多次。dance，动词，跳舞。主语she，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填dances。
（6）我们总是彼此分享我们的快乐和悲伤。happy，形容词，开心的；根据语境可知此句需要名词，happy的 名词形式happiness，开心，高兴；故填happiness。
（7）劳拉是这样的朋友。根据题干中的friend可知此句需要一个限定词，由like this提示可知，故填a。
（8）劳拉每天都很忙，因为她还在一所大学学习摄影。根据前后两个语句的关系可知，它们是因果关系，故填because。
（9）她是个很好的摄影师，拍了很多精彩的照片。根据语境可知第一个空格需要主语，因介绍的是Laura，且位于句首，应填She；wonder，名词，美景。由语境可知第二个空格需要形容词，表示漂亮的，wonder对应的形容词，wonderful，故填wonderful。
考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
4．when；hearing；danger；safe；hotter；felt；a；so；have been；happily
文章大意：本文讲述了暑假和约翰认识并成为好朋友的故事。
（1）有一天，我正在河里游泳，突然有人喊道:“当心。不远处有一条鲨鱼！”分析句子结构可知，此句是when引导的时间状语从句。故填when。
（2）一听到呼喊，我就非常害怕，因为我很清楚它的危险。介词on后接动名词作宾语；hear听说，动词，其动名词是hearing。故填hearing。
（3）一听到呼喊，我就非常害怕，因为我很清楚它的危险。形容词性物主代词its修饰名词；dangerous危险的，形容词，其名词形式是danger。故填danger。
（4）“别担心，汤姆！”父亲对我说:“但为了安全，我们还是回旅馆吧。”系动词be后面接形容词做表语；safety安全，名词，其形容词形式是safe。故填safe。
（5）虽然天气比我家乡的天气热得多，但我已经习惯了，感觉就像在家一样。根据much和than可知，此处用形容词比较级；hot热的，其形容词比较级是hotter。故填hotter。
（6）虽然天气比我家乡的天气热得多，但我已经习惯了，感觉就像在家一样。根据got可知，此句是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式；feel感觉，其过去式是felt。故填felt。
（7）然后我去和我的新朋友约翰聊天。have a chat聊天，固定短语。故填a。
（8）约翰住在海边，所以他对海边很熟悉。分析句子结构，此处表结果用连词so。故填so。
（9）我离开后，我们一直保持着很长时间的联系。根据时间状语 for a long time 可知，此句是现在完成时，结构为“have/has done”,主语是we，助动词用have；be是，其过去分词是been。故填have been。
（10）我们在信中愉快地谈到了我们在海边所记得的事情和人。修饰动词remembered用副词；happy快乐的，形容词，其副词形式是happily。故填happily。
考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，逐一验证。
5．to；to explore；At；speaking；frightened；of；away；creatures；to believe；flew
大意：短文主要讲述了Tina和哥哥Tom看到不明飞行物的经过。
（1）第二天早上，Tina和哥哥提到了它。固定搭配，mention sth. to sb.，向某人提起某物。故答案为to。
（2）他们决定放学后去探索。固定搭配，decide to do sth.，决定去做某事。故答案为to explore。
（3）下午六点的时候，他们到达了森林。根据 6 p.m.，下午六点，可知具体的时刻应用介词at，表“在”。故答案为at。
（4）他们听到一些声音说着一种奇怪的语言。固定搭配，hear sb. doing sth.，听到某人正在做某事；speak的现在分词为speaking。故答案为speaking。
（5）孩子们很害怕。根据主语the children孩子们，可知应用过去分词作表语；frighten的过去分词为frightened，表“害怕的”。故答案为frightened。
（6）突然，另一个外星人从灌木里出现在他们面前。固定搭配，in front of，在……的前面。故答案为of。
（7）孩子们害怕地跑开了。固定搭配，run away，跑开。故答案为away。
（8）第二天早上，孩子们告诉他们的父母关于那些奇怪生物的事。根据前文可知，他们看到了两个外星人，应用creature的复数形式creatures。故答案为creatures。
（9）但她们的爸爸拒绝相信他们。固定搭配refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事。故答案为to believe。
（10）Tina和Tom张开它们的翅膀，然后飞去学校。根据全文时态——一般过去时，可知应用fly的过去式flew。故答案为flew。
考查语法填空，注意根据单词在语境中的词性进行必要的变形，同时熟记固定搭配和基本句型。
6．But；happily；was made；to go；has attended；the；of；years；bigger；it
主要讲了13岁的Alyssa想去火星。
（1）但是不同于那些人，自从4岁，13岁的Alyssa Carson一直高兴地为那个梦想工作。关键前后句可知表示转折，所以用but，work是实义动词，副词修饰实义动词，所以用happy的副词happily，故填But，happily。
（2）通过不久前由BBC制作的一个新报告。根据句子可知which...ago做名词report的定语，which代指先行词report，是定语从句主语，是动作make的承受者，所以用被动语态，结构是be+动词过去分词，时态是一般过去时，主语report是单数，所以用was，make的过去分词是made，故填was made。
（3）我希望去火星。hope to do sth.希望做某事，故填to go。
（4）到目前为止她已经参加了美国三次世界太空野营。so far是现在完成时的标志词，结构是have/has+动词过去分词，主语是she，所以用has，attend的过去分词是attended，故填has attended。
（5）她的爸爸Bert Carson告诉BBC，Alyssa计划去火星的第一次长途旅行，这次旅行期望发生在2033年。the year of2033，意思是2033年，故填the。
（6）我们为她感到骄傲。be proud of，为......感到骄傲，故填of。
（7）我们计划了18年。eighteen后面用复数，year的复数是years，故填years。
（8）Alyssa的梦想可能比其他人有更大的牺牲。than是比较级的标志词，所以big用比较级bigger，故填bigger。
（9）或许对于她来说返回地球是非常困难的。It+be+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.对于某人来说，做某事是怎样的，故填it。
考查语法填空，考查词汇在语篇中的运用能力。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答。注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
7．unusual；At；when；strange；walked；to；surprised；was looking；the；amazing
这篇短文讲述的是作者一次不寻常的经历。有一天作者正在街上散步的时候，看见了一个不明飞行物，里面还出来了一个外星人。作者跟着外星人看它去哪，它先去了一个纪念品商店，后来又去了飞行博物馆。作者觉得这次经历太令人惊讶了。
（1）星期天我有一次非常不寻常的经历。根据下文的提示可知此文主要介绍的是不同寻常的经历，故填unusual。
（2）在今天早上10点，我正在街上散步，这时一个不明飞行物恰好落在我的前面。表示在某个具体时刻要用介词at，因位于句首，第一字母要大写，故填At。
（3）在今天早上10点，我正在街上散步，这时一个不明飞行物恰好落在我的前面。根据短文中的 I was walking down the street 与a UFO landed right in front of me. 可知，这两个动作同时进行，后一个是非延续动词，故填when。
（4）你能想象这有多么奇怪！这里的这个句子是一个感叹句，how后面的中心词应该是形容词，stranger的形容词形式是strange，故填strange。
（5）一个外星人从里面出来，然后沿着中心大街走。根据语句中的and可知，got与walk同时进行，时态应该一致，都用过去时，故填walked。
（6）我在后面跟着它，看它去哪里。根据句意可知see where it was going是followed的目的，要用动词不定式，故填to。
（7）当他走进一个纪念品商店的时候，我感到很惊奇。固定短语，be surprised，表示惊奇，故填surprised。
（8）当他正在看纪念品的时候，售货员给警察打了电话。while引导的时间状语从句，常用进行时态，故填was looking。
（9）考查名词及语境的理解。在警察到来之前，这个外星人离开了商店，去了飞行博物馆。根据语境可知此空需要限定词，因前文出现了alien，故填the。
（10）这不奇怪吗？因that，指的是这件事，所以要用amazing，表示奇怪的，故填amazing。
考查语法填空。通读全文理解大意，然后根据上下文或者所给单词的提示对所缺部分进行逐一解答。
8．is；changing；where；Although；suddenly；Goes；received；quickly；of；spreading
（1）现在大约五分之一的地球表面是沙漠。 surface是不可数名词，故用is。
（2）世界沙漠的面积一直在变化。根据is可知填 changing。
（3）沙漠是每年降雨少于50厘米的干旱地区。定语从句修饰area，表地点，故填 where。
（4）虽然在沙漠里不经常下雨，有时候甚至几年，有可能突然下大雨。根据前后关系可知用although，引导让步状语从句，故填 Although。
（5）虽然在沙漠中降雨不多，有时甚至多年，但可能会突然下大雨。修饰动词rain用副词，故填suddenly。
（6）当太阳升起是，天很热。the sun是第三人称单数，故填goes。
（7）在晚上，白天地面接受的热很快消失。作定语，修饰heat，表示被动含义，故填received。
（8）在晚上，白天地面接收的热量很快消失，然后变得很冷。用副词修饰动词，故填 quickly。
（9）因为这个变化，在沙漠里生活很困难。because of+名词，故填of。
（10）种树可以防止沙漠扩张。from是介词，后跟动名词。故填spreading。
本题考査在语境中根据语法规则对单词进行正确使用。需要考虑动词的时态,名词的单复数。答题时注意上下文所提供的信息。