课件29张PPT。动词不定式
（the infinitive） 即to do ，其否定形式是not to do；不定式没有人称和数的变化。动词不定式:
一.不定式的句法功能
1.It’s normal to cry when we feel sad.(做主语)不定式做主语时,常用代词it 来代替不定式结构, 这时 it 被称为形式主语,而作为句子真正主语的不定式则被后置.往往放v.和adj.之后.e.g. To learn English well is not easy. It’s + adj. (+for sb.) +to do sth.= It’s not easy to learn English well.1. 不定式做主语：常用句型：It’s + adj. (+for sb.) + to do sth.
（对某人来说）做某事是怎样的=To work out the problem is difficult for me.It’s difficult for me to work out the problem.=Working out the problem is difficult for me.e.g. 对我来说解答出这道题是很难的。2. The best way to learn English is to read loudly.
(做表语)可与be动词构成系表结构.Her wish is to study in Ji Yan Middle school.
My job is to clean the streets.在形式上，位于系动词后的就是表语。从含义上讲，表语是回答主语“是什么” 的语法成分。 2. 不定式做表语：常放在be动词后，表明主语“是什么”。
e.g. Our plan is to go there by plane.
我们的计划是乘飞机去那儿。
（主语和表语指代的是同一事物） 1.My job is _________computers.
to selling B. sell C. to sell
2. Her hobby is ______ (play) football.
to play= Her hobby is playing football.3.I want to buy a ticket.(做宾语)接动词不定式作宾语常见的几个动词是want , plan , hope , decide , begin , start, need , wait ,would like, hate, refuse, wish, prefer , learn, try, like, agree, fail, be able to do, do/try one’s best to do 等.e.g. They decided to try again.The little boy wanted to get to school before 8 o’clock.3. 不定式做宾语：即动词+to do的结构中，这里的to do就是做宾语1.My friends want ________(book) some tickets to the movie for us.
2. My parents decide _____ (give) me more money.
3. He plans _____ (go) to Beijing for a holiday.
4. The boy hopes ______ (pass) the English exam.
5. My little son is able _____ (read) some words.
6. I’ll try my best _____ (help) you.
7. She would like _____ (become) beautiful.4.Kangkang helped us to learn English.动词不定式作宾语补足语,常见的动词有 tell , ask , get, want , would like , wish , teach , help , order ,invite, get, allow, send, lead 等.常构成下面的句式： V + sb. + to do 其否定形式为： V +sb. not +to do(做宾语补足语)She told me not to give the book to him. I asked Paul to carry the box.4. 不定式做宾语补足语：即动词+sb. +to do的结构中，这里的to do就是做宾语补足语1.Don’t ask Jim ___(go) swimming with us, because his mother won’t allow him ____(do) so.
2. Does you mother wish you ____a doctor?
A. being B. to be C. become
3. My teacher always tells me ____ (study) hard.
4. I don’t want you ____ (help) me.
5. She’d like me ____ (join) them.
6. I wish you ____ (have) a good time.
7. My best friends teach me ____ (swim).
8. Her friend often invites her ____ (have) dinner.
9. My mother always gets my father ____ (do) housework.
10. I order you ____ (wash) your hands. 但使役动词（let .make .have)和感官动词(see .watch.look at .hear. feel)的宾补常省略to
即：V. +sb. +do He often makes his sister wash his clothes.
I see the little girl run into the school.1. When they went into the park, they saw someone _____ Chinese Kongfu .
play B. played C. to play
2.Mr. Brown made his students _____ the new words again.
copying B. copy C. to copy
3.Please let the students___ down.
A. sitting B. to sit C. sit
4.—Is Wei Fang good at singing?
--- Yes, she is. We often hear her _____ in her room.
A.to sing B. sing C. sings 5. I get up early to catch the bus.(做目的状语)不定式作状语一般表示目的，原因或结果．I am sorry to hear that.Let’s stop to have a rest.The orange are too high to reach. She didn’t work hard enough to pass the exam.(表原因)(表目的)(表结果)5. 不定式做状语：常用来表示目的，原因或结果。She sells flowers ___ money.
A. made B. make C. to make
2.The room is not big enough ____.
A.to live in B. for living C.to live
3. I’m sorry ______ you .
hit B. to hit C. hitting
4. He is too young ___ (go) to school.
6. 作定语(后置）
I have something _______ ﹙要说﹚.
2.She has a lot of work _______﹙做﹚ every day .
3. The old man has a house _________ ﹙住﹚.
4. She is a nice person__________ ﹙谈话﹚ .to say to doto live into talk with6. 不定式做定语：用来修饰前面的名词或者不定代词。注意：
他正在找一个房间住。
没什么可担心的。
He is looking for a room to live in ．There is nothing to worry about．不定式和宾语之间有时候必须加上相应的介词，才能构成完整的动宾关系。7. 疑问词+ to do 构成短语。
We don’t know when to leave Beijing.
Can you show me how to swim.
He didn’t tell me when to leave.1.Joe is teaching Alice ______the chair.
how mend B. how mending
C. how to mend
2. I don’t know what____ (do) next.
3. Could you tell me when ____ (have) dinner?8. 在学习不定式中,我们需要注意些什么呢?1）记住基本形式:to do 否定: not to do 2） to do 是非谓语动词,没有人称和数的变化. 可以和系动词构成系表结构.如: My dream is to be a doctor.3）感官动词see, watch, hear, feel等和使役动词make, let等接do作宾语补足语时,do 称为不带to的不定式如: Do you often see him play tennis on the playground?4）充当后置定语时,要特别注意动词的不定式短语中的介词不能省去.如: The old man have no house to live in.温馨提示9. ①find it+adj+to do =find (that) it is to do. ②think it…to do… =think (that) it is adj+to do sth. I found it easy to learn English.
=I found it is easy to learn English.Exercise:
I felt it hard ______(give) up ______(smoke)
10. It’s time to do sth.
It’s one’s duty to do sth
It’s one’s turn to do sth
Take turns to do sth.
It takes sb some time to do sth
It costs sb some money to do sth
It cost me 5 yuan _____ (buy) the book yesterday.
It will take him 8 minutes ____ (get) there.
We take turns ____ (clean) the classroom.
4. It’s already time _____(stop) _____(discuss)
5. It’s my duty ____ (protect) you
1. She needs some paper to _____ .
A.write B.write in C.write with D.write on
2.Give me a pen _______. A. write B. to write C. write with D. to write with
3. ---Shopping with me?
---Sorry. I have a lot of clothes ____ .
A.washed B.wash C.to wash D.to be washed
11. 只能跟ing 的动词：
finish, enjoy, mind, keep(on), practice, feel like, be busy doing，give up, look forward to doing, can’t help doing, be used to doing… 1. I can’t help _____ (cry) . 2. He didn’t finish ____ (do) homework. 3. Would you mind ____ (close) the window. 4. Every day Mary practice ______ (speak) English.
5. Kangkang is busy _____ (watch) TV now. 6. I look forward to ___ (hear) from you. 7. They keep ____ (play) basketball. 8. My sister feels like ______ (eat) ice cream.
12. 既可以跟动词不定式 又可以跟Ving 的几组动词
而意思无太大区别的：
like to do
like doing
prefer hate begin start …….
13. 注意stop to do 与stop doing ：
stop to do 指的是：停下其它的事情，去做不定式的动作。 We are so tired. Let’s stop to have a rest.
我们太累了，让我们停下来休息一会儿吧。 Stop doing是指停下来正在做的事情。
The students stopped talking when the teacher came in.
She reached the top of the hill and stopped ____on a big rock by the side of the path.
A. resting B. to rest C. rest
2. It’s time for class ,please stop ________(talk)
3. He stopped _____(say)hello to me when he saw me.
4. It’s too late, let’s stop_____(work)
5. He stopped______(cry) when seeing his mother.
Ctalkingto sayworkingcrying动词不定式专项练习
一、选择正确的选项 1. Don't forget _________ the letter. A. to send????? B. send????? C. sending????? D. being sent 2. The chair looks very old, but in fact it is very comfortable _________. A. to sit????????? B. to sit on???? C. sit??????? D. sit on 3. Is ______ necessary to return the book tomorrow? A. this???????? B. that?????? C. it?????????? D. which 4. I'm afraid they would not allow him ________ here. A. to smoke???? B. smoking?? C. smokes????? D. smoke 5. Mother told me ________ the water before I drank it. A. boiling?????? B. boiled??? C. boil????????? D. to boil 6. On my way home, I stopped _______ some food. A. buy???????? B. to buy???? C. buying?????? D. bought 7. He often makes his sister______ his clothes. A. to wash????? B. washing?? C. wash??????? D. to washing 8. The sitting-room needs _______, but it'll have to wait until Saturday. A. be cleaning????B. to be cleaned??? C. clean??????D. being cleaned 9. The first thing I want to do is __________. A. visit to him???B. to visit him??? C. visiting him????D. visited him 10. Li Yang advised me _________ too much, otherwise I would have been drunk. A. not to drink????B. to drink??? C. not drinking??? D. drinking
二、用正确的形式填空
1. Do you have something ___________(ask)?
2. There are?something important________________(talk about).????????????????
3. This book is difficult _________________(understand).?????????????????
4.He was too excited___________(say) it out.?????????????????
5. Do you find it easy _____________________（get along with）?
6. It was not good__________(get up) late. ??????????????
7. Her wish is____________(become) a college student.
8.What worries me is?what____________(do) at the party.
9. It is our duty?______________(protect) the environment.
10. I opened the door ___________(let) the fresh air in.
11. I want _______________(communicate) with you.
12. I hope ___________(meet) you again.
13. Li Ming asked me __________(swim) with him.
14. Did you see him __________(get on) the bus?
15. You must be hungry. I’ll get you something _________（eat）.
16. My uncle has come to Beijing ______________(attend) an important meeting.
17. Please tell me how __________(read) this word.
18. I haven’t decided which blouse______________(buy).
19. They plan ___________(build) another cinema here next year.
20. Please remember ____________ （close）the window before you leave.
21. The teacher told us _________________ (pay attention to) what he was doing.
22. She never allows students______________(play) in the street.
23. I can’t help _______ (cry) . 24. Would you mind _________ (close) the window. 25. Every day Mary practice __________ (speak) English.
26. Kangkang is busy _________ (watch) TV now. 27. I look forward to _________ (hear) from you. 28. They keep _________ (play) basketball. 29. My sister feels like ___________ (eat) ice cream.
30. He is a funny boy and he always makes us________(laugh).
