Unit 2 A life’s work Understanding ideas 语言点 课件（共30张）2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修3

(共30张PPT)
Unit 2 Understanding ideas
Life Behind the Lens
镜头背后的人生
语言点课件
Life Behind the Lens
重点词汇短语回顾
*lens n. （照相机、摄像机的）镜头 14
pose v. （使）摆好姿势 14
grocery n. 食品杂货店 15
grocery store 超级市场 15
*fascination n. 着迷，迷恋 15
fashion n. 时尚 15
uncomplicated adj. 不复杂的，简单的；单纯的 15
*faraway adj. 遥远的 15
celebrity n. 名人， 明星 15
*craft n. （某一行业所需的）技能 15
*anthropologist n. 人类学家 15
Words and expressions
词汇拓展
1._____________ n.着迷；迷恋；魅力；极大的吸引力→fascinate v.吸引；迷住→fascinating adj.迷人的→fascinated adj.被迷住的；被吸引住的
2.____________ n.时尚→fashionable adj.时髦的；流行的
3._______________adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的→complicated(反)adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicate v.使……更复杂
4._________ n.(某一行业所需的)技能；工艺；手艺→craftsman n.工匠；手艺人→_______________ n.手艺；工艺
5. ___________ n.试验；试用→try v.尝试
fascination
fashion
uncomplicated
craftsmanship
trial
craft
重点短语
1.by trial and error
2.nothing more than
3.belong to
4.regardless of
5.rather than
6.pass away
7.be restricted to
8.focus on
反复试验(以得出最佳结果)
只不过；仅仅
属于
不管
而不是
去世
局限于
集中于
重点短语
9.back down
10.contribute to
11.date back to
12.leave (...) behind
13.the cutting edge (of sth. )
14.think outside the box
15.break new ground
放弃；退让；认输
有助于；导致
追溯到；始于
遗留；把……丢在后面
(某事物发展的)尖端，最前沿
不拘一格的思考；跳出框框思考
放弃；退让；认输
课文语法结构分析
A white-haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York, always wearing the same blue worker's jacket and simple black running shoes. If you saw him, you'd never think there was anything remarkable about him. And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for this man.
This ordinary-looking man was Bill Cunningham, one of the most important American photographers of the last 50 years.
Para. 1 & 2
If引导条件状语从句
现在分词短语作定语，修饰old man。突出了对人物形象的刻画。
一位白发老人总是穿着一件蓝色工装夹克和样式简单的黑色跑鞋，骑着一辆普通的自行车在纽约街头穿梭。如果你看到他，你不会觉得他有任何引人注目的地方。然而，纽约富裕的上流社会中每一个人都想着对他摆姿势、请他拍照。
这位看起来普普通通的人就是比尔 坎宁安，美国近五十年来最重要的摄影师之一。
Life Behind the Lens 镜头背后的人生
只不过，无非是
同位语，对Bill Cunningham 进行解释说明。
What made Cunningham so great It certainly wasn't the use of expensive, technologically-advanced equipment. Cunningham always used simple, relatively cheap cameras and took all his pictures on the streets of New York, not in a studio. Nor was it a wide range of contacts and connections. Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening, Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.
Para. 3
Although引导让步状语从句，意思是“虽然”，“尽管”。
是什么使得坎宁安享有如此声誉？当然不是因为他用了昂贵、先进的设备。坎宁安总是使用简单、相对便宜的相机，他所有照片的拍摄地都是纽约的街道，而不是摄影棚。也不是因为他交友广泛，识人无数。虽然他总是知道时尚聚会和大型活动举办的地点，但无论是对于在贫穷的布朗克斯拍摄普通人，还是在富裕的曼哈顿拍摄贵宾，他都同样喜欢。
否定副词nor位于句首，构成部分倒装状结构。
差不多；和……那样多。又如： as much as to say等于说 as much as I know就我所知
Life Behind the Lens 镜头背后的人生
make + n./pron. + adj. 构成的复合宾语结构，“使某人……”。
He found inspiration where others could not, in simple, everyday scenes, such as a man buying oranges at the local grocery store, or a woman riding home on the graffiti-covered subway. These things were real, and it was within their reality that Cunningham saw both beauty and potential. Through his fascination with what people were wearing, and not who they were, he opened the doors of fashion to everyone --- fashion as he saw it belonged to the people, not just to high society and big brands.
with后连接了两个分别由what和who引导的宾语从句，作介宾。
他能在一些简单的日常场景中得到其让他人无法得到的灵感，比如一个在当地杂货店买橘子的男人，或是一个乘坐画满涂鸦的地铁回家的女人。这些东西是真实的，在这种真实中，坎宁安看到了美好和潜力。他用自己迷恋的对象 --- 关注人们穿什么，而不是这些人是谁 --- 向所有人打开了时尚的大门。在他看来，时尚属于民众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。
这里的a man ... or a woman... 是such as后两个具体场景实例。
it was...that...是强调句型，被强调部分是地点状语within their reality。
Life Behind the Lens 镜头背后的人生
where引导的地点状语从句，in...scences是对地点的进一步解释。
as sb. see(s) it/ the way sb. see(s) it 在某人看来，可视为插入成分。
Para. 3
Moreover, what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work. Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day, regardless of the weather. He would even stay outside in a storm, not coming back until he knew he had the right photos. He hardly ever took a day off and not once stayed home sick. This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos. This is what makes them so special.
Para. 4
连接代词what引导主语从句，也在从句中作主语。
此外，坎宁安的伟大之处还在于他对摄影的奉献精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量时间和精力。不管天气如何，坎宁安每天都会走上纽约的街头。甚至在暴风雨时，他也会待在外面，知道他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。他几乎从未因病待在家中。我们可以从他的照片中看到这种奉献和努力。这就是使得这些照片如此与众不同的原因。
不管，不顾
现在分词短语作伴随状语
Life Behind the Lens 镜头背后的人生
省略关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰the hours...hard work。
until引导的时间状语从句
省略that的宾语从句
what引导表语从句，并在从句中作宾语。
what引导表语从句，并在从句中作主语。
Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer, Cunningham's approach to life was uncomplicated. He lived in a small apartment with a shared washroom. A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
Para. 5
虽然坎宁安是一位世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式却并不复杂。他住在一间与其他人共浴室的小公寓里。他经常到一家简单的餐馆吃同样的食物，有香肠、鸡蛋和咖啡。
……的方式；……的通道
Life Behind the Lens 镜头背后的人生
where引导表语从句，并在从句中作地点状语。
Although引导让步状语从句，意思是 “虽然”， “尽管”。
Cunningham never accepted the benefits offered to him for being a fashion photographer. He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone, no matter how many free clothes or flights to faraway destinations he was offered. And if he went to a celebrity party, he was there to work rather than have fun. “Money's the cheapest thing,” he once said, then added: “... freedom is the most expensive.” This lack of self-interest and promotion kept Cunningham focused on his craft, enabling him to capture New York's unique street style.
Para. 6
nomatter how引导让步状语从句。
省略which/that引导的定语从句，修饰clothes or flights，作宾语。
作为时尚摄影师，坎宁安从未接受过这个职业带给他的好处。他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人所动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。而且如果他去参加名人聚会，他是去工作而不是玩乐。“钱是最不值钱的东西，”他曾说， “... ...自由是最昂贵的。”对自身利益和升迁毫不关注，这使坎宁安能够专注与自己的技能，捕捉到纽约独特的街头风格。
Life Behind the Lens 镜头背后的人生
if引导的条件状语从句，意思是“如果”。
现在分词短语作结果状语
keep...focused on使……专注于…… ,是keep+n.+pp.构成的复合宾语。
Cunningham's passion for photograph lasted throughout his life. He was 87 when he passed away, and had been working right up until his last illness. Nothing ever stopped him from getting the photo he wanted. His hard work made him more than a fashion photographer --- he was a “cultural anthropologist”, who we can thank for recording the life of a whole city and its people over half a century. Bill Cunningham was an observer, and not one of the observed, a worker not a star --- and this was how he wanted it.
Para. 7
when引导时间状语从句
省略that/which引导的定语从句，修饰the photo，在从句作宾语。
坎宁安对摄影的热爱贯穿他的一生。他在87岁时与世长辞，一直到最后生病前他都在工作。没有什么能阻挡他拍到想要的照片。他的辛勤工作使他不仅是一名时尚摄影师 --- 他更是一位“文化人类学家”，我们感谢他记录了整个城市及其人民长达半个世纪的生活。比尔 坎宁安是一位观察者，而不是一位被观察者，是一名劳动者而不是一个明星 --- 而这正是他想要的。
Life Behind the Lens 镜头背后的人生
who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰anthropologist，在从句作宾语。
how引导的表语从句，在从句中作方式状语。
词组短语用法分析
1. nothing more than
2. pose for
3. as much as
4. fascination with
5. devotion to
6. put ... into
7. regardless of
8. not once
9. approach to
10. passion for
词、短语及句型
1
nothing more than(If you say you want nothing more than a particular thing, you are emphasising that you want that thing more than any other thing)不过是；无非是
I wanted nothing moe than a safe place to live. 我最想要一个安全居住地。
Changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste.
时尚的变化只不过是故意制造浪费。
So far, it's nothing more than just an empty promise.
到目前为止，人们得到的不过是一些空洞的许诺。
He loves nothing more than the sound of his own voice.
他好像最爱听自己的声音。
Skills are nothing more than applied knowledge through experience.
技能不过是通过经验来运用知识。
And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for this man.然而，纽约富裕的上流社会中每一个人都想着对他摆姿势、请他拍照。(P14)
【拓展】morethan用法规则 (1)more than＋数词，表示“超过；多于”，相当于over。(2)more than＋形容词，表示“很；非常”。
(3)more than＋名词，表示“不只是，不仅仅”。
(4)more than与情态动词can/could连用时，表示“超过了……所能”。
(5)more...than...表示“比……更……；与其说……不如说……”。
(6)no more than＋名词或基数词，表示“不过；仅仅；只有”(侧重数量少)。
(7)not more than＋基数词，表示“最多；不超过”。
注意事项 (1)当more than用来连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数通常与第一个主语的数保持一致。
(2)more...than...结构强调more后面的内容，表示同一个人或事物的两种特征对比。
1
more than 用法规则及注意事项
2
pose for(to sit or stand somewhere so that someone can take a photograph of you or paint a picture of you)为……摆好姿势; 为……摆造型
The leaders posed briefly for photographs before returning to the conference hall. 在重返会议厅前，这些领导人简单摆姿势拍照。
Are you willing to pose for me 你愿意摆姿势让我为你拍照吗？
Putin, we were told, does not pose for portraits.
我们知道，普京从不为肖像而摆姿势。
Every time I turned around there was a tiny person wanting me to pose for a picture or handing me a piece of paper to autograph. 每次我一转身，不是有小孩子要摆个姿势照相就是举着一张纸让我签名。
And yet every member of New York's wealthy high society wanted nothing more than to pose for this man.然而，纽约富裕的上流社会中每一个人都想着对他摆姿势、请他拍照。(P14)
3
as much as 差不多；尽……那样多
I've made as much as I've spent. 我挣的和花的一样多。
That was as much as ten years ago. 那和十年前一样多。
Nobody suffered half as much as the two boys did, however.
然而，这两个孩子受了很多苦。
He doesn't earn as much as me. 他挣的钱比我少。《牛津词典》
Cats sleep twice as much as people. 猫睡觉的时间比人长一倍。
We will do as much as we can. 我们会尽可能做更多事。
Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.
我们的大脑和我们的身体一样需要休息。
Although he always knew where fashionable parties and events were happening, Cunningham liked to photograph ordinary people in the poor Bronx as much as VIPs in rich Manhattan.虽然他总是知道时尚聚会和大型活动举办的地点，但无论是对于在贫穷的布朗克斯拍摄普通人，还是在富裕的曼哈顿拍摄贵宾，他都同样喜欢。(P14)
4
fascination with(the state of being very interested in or attracted by something)强烈着迷;对...着迷
I've had a lifelong fascination with the sea and with small boats.
我毕生都对海和小船有一份沉迷。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Most children share a fascination with dinosaurs.
多数孩子对恐龙痴迷。
He has this fascination with the life in Times Square.
他对时代广场的生活有一种迷恋。
I don't understand people's fascination with celebrity.
我不能理解人们对名誉的迷恋。
Through his fascination with what people were wearing, and not who they were, he opened the doors of fashion to everyone --- fashion as he saw it belonged to the people, not just to high society and big brands.他用自己迷恋的对象 --- 关注人们穿什么，而不是这些人是谁 --- 向所有人打开了时尚的大门。在他看来，时尚属于民众，而不仅仅属于上流社会和大品牌。(P15)
5
devotion to(=love, loyally or enthusiasm for a person or activity)
恪尽职守；忠诚于……；奉献给……；献身于……；对……奉献
Her devotion to the job left her with very little free time.
她全身心投入工作，几乎没有闲暇。《牛津词典》
He recalled her devotion to her husband during his hour of need.
他回想起她在丈夫需要帮助时所做出的无私奉献。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
As a soldier, he showed selfless devotion to duty.
作为战士，他表现出了对其天职的无私奉献。《新英汉大辞典》
The teacher's selfless devotion to the cause of education is well known, and all her students respect and love her.
大家都知道那位老师对教育的无私奉献，所有学生都尊敬、爱戴她。
Moreover, what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.此外，坎宁安的伟大之处还在于他对摄影的奉献精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量时间和精力。(P15)
6
put ... into(=to spend particular amount of time doing something or make a particular amount of effort in order to do something) 投入；使进入；把……放进；在……上种植
Candidates put a lot of time and effort into gaining qualifications.
求职者花费了大量时间和精力来获取资格证书。
Plastic toy and plastic box are put into plastic bag.
塑料玩具和塑料盒子被装进塑料袋子。
Half of everything (that we put into landfills) could be recycled instead.
我们扔进垃圾填埋场的东西，反而有一半可以被回收利用。
From 2016, two-child policy is put into effect. 从2016年开始，实行二胎政策。
More energy can be put into other elements of the story like character and setting.
可以把更多的精力放在故事的其他要素上，比如人物和背景。
Moreover, what made Cunningham great was his devotion to photography, and the hours and hours of sheer hard work he put into his work.此外，坎宁安的伟大之处还在于他对摄影的奉献精神，以及他在工作中投入的大量时间和精力。(P15)
7
regardless of(=without being affected or influenced by anything else that happens or exists)不顾，不管
We will continue the race, regardless of the weather.
无论天气如何，我们都会继续赛跑。
She always travels first-class regardless of expense.
无论费用多高她总是乘头等舱。《牛津词典》
Everyone has the right to good medical care regardless of their ability to pay.
无论支付能力如何，每个人都有权得到良好的医疗。《牛津词典》
Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself.
不管你在现实生活中是什么样子，关键似乎是做你自己。
Cunningham would go out onto the streets of New York each and every day, regardless of the weather.不管天气如何，坎宁安每天都会走上纽约的街头。(P15)
8
not once(=used to emphasise that something has never happened)一次也不；一次也没有
Not once did he finish a job properly.他一次也没把工作做好。
Not once did it occur to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
迈克尔一次也没有想过有一天他会成为班里的尖子生。
Not once had we written to each other. 我们彼此间没有写过一封信。
He did not once mention the car industry. 他一次也没有提到汽车业。
I have not once asked for leave during the whole year.
我一年里没请过一次假。
Not once did we discuss clothes or hair or bodies or who was pretty.
我们一次也没谈论衣服或发型或身材或谁漂亮。
He hardly ever took a day off and not once stayed home sick.他几乎从未因病待在家中。(P15)
9
approach to(doing)(=a particular way of thinking about or dealing with something)接近；约等于；通往……的方法；做……的方法
We need a fresh approach to sports in education.
我们需要一种新的体育教育方法。
He took a very scientific approach to management.
他采取了一种非常科学的管理方法。《牛津词典》
I like the freshness of his approach to the problem.
我喜欢他对这个问题新颖的处理方法。《牛津词典》
We have a very communicative approach to teaching languages.
我们有一个交际能力很强的方法来教授语言。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Although he was a world-famous fashion photographer, Cunningham’s approach to life was uncomplicated.虽然坎宁安是一位世界著名的时尚摄影师，但他的生活方式却并不复杂。(P15)
10
passion for(=a strong enthusiasm for or interest in something)
对……的强烈爱好；热爱……；酷爱……；对……充满激情
The English have a passion for gardens. 英国人酷爱花园。《牛津词典》
He and his wife shared a passion for classical music.
他和他的妻子对经典音乐有共同爱好。
You have to show passion for Chinese football.
你必须对中国足球表现出热情。
Her passion for dancing never dimmed over the years.
这些年来她对跳舞的热情一直不减。《牛津词典》
You just have to avoid killing the passion for learning that they were born with.
你只需要避免扼杀他们与生俱来的学习热情。
Cunningham’s passion for photograph lasted throughout his life.坎宁安对摄影的热爱贯穿他的一生。(P15)
1. nothing more than
2. pose for
3. as much as
4. fascination with
5. devotion to
6. put ... into
7. regardless of
8. not once
9. approach to
10. passion for
不过是；无非是
为……摆好姿势; 为……摆造型
差不多；尽……那样多
强烈着迷;对……着迷
恪尽职守；忠诚于……；献身于……；对……奉献
投入；使进入；把……放进；在……上种植
复习回顾
不顾；不管
一次也不；一次也没有
接近；约等于；通往……的方法；做……的方法
对……的强烈爱好；酷爱……；对……充满激情
Recite all the phrases we have learned in class.
Homework