Unit 2 A life’s work Using language 课件（共49张，内嵌音视频）2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修3
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| 名称 | Unit 2 A life’s work Using language 课件（共49张，内嵌音视频）2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修3 |  | |
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| 文件大小 | 21.8MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-04-26 17:52:13 | ||
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(共49张PPT)
Unit 2 A life’s work
Using language
To know the usage of predicative clauses.
To use predicative clauses correctly.
To know traditional crafts and talk about how to preserve it.
To learn and use some phrases showing different qualities
of craftsmanship.
Learning objectives
trial n. 试验 17
by trial and error 反复试验（以得出最佳结果） 17
*craftsnabship n. 手艺；工艺；技艺 18
*atomic adj. 原子能的；核能的 19
back down 退让；认输 19
the cutting edge (of sth.) （某是发展的）尖端，最前沿 19
think outside the box 不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考 19
Words and expressions
break new ground 开辟新的领域；有新发现 19
hydrogen n. 氢 19
propulsion n. （车辆等的）推进力 19
jet propulsion 喷气推进 19
*acclaim n. 表扬，赞赏 19
*shun v. （故意）避开，躲开 19
*spotlight n. 聚光灯；媒体的关注 19
*harsh adj. 恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的 19
*prosperous adj. 富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的 19
Predicative clauses
表语从句
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
1 What form does the predicative take in sentences (a) and (b)
The predicative in sentences (a) and (b) takes the form of a clause.
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
2 Why is “what” used in sentence (a) and “where” used in sentence (b)
“What” is used in sentence (a) because it acts as the subject of “makes” in the predicative clause.“Where” is used in sentence (b) because it acts as the adverbial in the predicative clause.
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
3 What other words do you know that can lead a predicative clause
Other words are who, when, how, why, etc.
1
Now look for more sentences with predicative clauses in the reading passage, and summarise their uses in your own words.
This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.
Read the following groups of sentences, do the summary.
Group 1:
1. The trouble is that I have lost his address.
2. What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
Summary:
1.连接词that在从句中只起到连接作用，不作任何成分。2.连接词whether起连接作用，意为“___________________”，在句中不作任何成分。
是否；究竟；到底
Group 2:
1. The problem is who we can get to replace her.
2. Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are what you eat.
3. The question is how he did it.4. Their difficulty is where they can raise enough money.
Summary:
1.连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever在表语从句中充当___________________。2.连接副词where，when，how，why在表语从句中充当________________________。
主语、宾语或定语
状语
【语法精讲】表语从句是指一个句子作为表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。含有表语从句的一般结构为“主语+系动词+关联词+表语从句”。
1）可接表语从句的系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear 等。
例如：It seems as if it were spring already.
2）引导表语从句的常见关联词有连接代词who, which, whatever 等，连接副词 how, why, whenever 等，从属连词as, that, whether 等。例如：a.The problem is who we can get to replace her.b.The problem is how we can find him.c.The fact is that we have no idea to solve this problem.d.The question is whether they will help us.
3）引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。例如：The trouble is (that) he is ill.
Ruth Bancroft was the creator of the Ruth Bancroft Garden in Walnut Creek, California. Bancroft was born in Brockton to Swedish parents, who relocated when she was a baby. As a child, she loved to explore the Californian flora,
and establishing a garden grew out of her own
personal interest in plants and wildflowers. Her
garden was the first to be preserved by The
Garden Conservancy, and has been welcoming
visitors since 1992. Bancroft lived to the incredible age of 109.
Walnut Creek 核桃溪市
The Garden Conservancy 花园保护协会
Listen to the story of Ruth Bancroft and complete the sentences with predicative clauses. Listen again if necessary.
1 One reason why the garden is unique is ____________________ _____________________________________________________.2 Another reason for its uniqueness is _______________________
________________________________.
3 The drought-resistant plants with thick,
fleshy leaves became
____________________________.
that it comprises an array of plants adapted to dry conditions
that it is the life’s work of only one woman: Ruth Bancroft
what she was most interested in
2
4 Although Walnut Creek was not _______________________,
Ruth managed to grow them by much trial and error.
5 It seemed _______________________________________
____________________________.
6 Those five-star reviews prove
_________________________________.
where they grew naturally
as though nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work
how much visitors admire her garden
Listen to the story of Ruth Bancroft and complete the sentences with predicative clauses. Listen again if necessary.
2
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后。
基本结构：主语+系动词+引导词+表语从句。
表语从句的引导词：
从属连词 as if, as though, because, that, whether, as
连接代词 who， whom， whose， what， which， whoever， whatever，
whichever等
连接副词 where， when， how， why等
表语从句
名词性从句之一
1.从属连词引导的表语从句
The reason for my lateness is that I missed my bus.
我迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车。
One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like restaurants and grocery stores.
她偏爱城市生活的一个原因是她可以很容易地到餐馆和超级市场之类的地方。
My question is whether we can raise enough money.
我的问题是我们能否筹集到足够的钱。
This is because he didn't attend the class the other day.
这是因为他前几天没有上课。
When put half in the water, the chopstick looks as if it were broken.
把筷子放一半在水中时，它看起来像是断了一样。
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
他看起来还和十年前一样。
2.连接代词引导的表语从句
“A good night's sleep is what you want,” he said firmly.
“好好睡上一晚才是你想要的。”他坚定地说。
The question is who will offer to help.
问题是谁愿意主动提供帮助。
What concerns parents most is which activity benefits the children most.
家长最担心的是哪种活动对孩子们最有益。
The issue is whose design is popular with most students.
问题是谁的设计受大多数学生的欢迎。
3.连接副词引导的表语从句
True knowledge is when one knows the limitations of one's knowledge.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。
Misfortune, that is where happiness depends;happiness, that is where misfortune underlies.
祸兮，福之所倚；福兮，祸之所伏。
That was how he managed to solve the problem.
那就是他成功解决问题的方式。
That is why he tried his best to get in touch with you.
那就是他尽最大努力和你取得联系的原因。
温馨提示
注意点 例句
引导表语从句的that，不作 任何成分，但不能省略 What excited me most was that we finished our
work ahead of time.
最令我兴奋的是我们提前完成了工作。
可接表语从句的连系动词 有be、seem、look、taste等 It seems that he doesn't agree with us.
他似乎不同意我们的看法。
表示命令、请求、建议的 词作主语时，表语从句中 的谓语动词用“should+动词 原形”，should可以省略 My suggestion is that they （should） make a
plan before they start the project.
我的建议是在他们开始这个项目前要制订一个计划。
单句语法填空
1. The trouble is _____ I can't find my way.
that
2. Without his support， we wouldn't be ___________ we are now.
where/what
3. This is ______ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope
for the best.
what
4. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _____ we arrived.
how
5. He got caught in the heavy traffic. That was _____ he was late.
why
单句语法填空
6. Energy is ______ makes things work.
what
7. We didn't set out; it was ________ we wanted to wait until our mother
came back.
because
8. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely free
from dust.
that
9. It sounds____________ someone is knocking at the door.
as if/though
10. What cost him his life was _____ he was too careless.
that
完成句子
1. 上次我们玩得很开心是我们参观水上公园的时候。
The last time we had great fun was ___________________________________.
when we were visiting the water park
2. 他生病了。那就是他昨天没来的原因。
He was ill. That is ___________________ yesterday.
why he didn't come
3. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。
The pair of scissors is not ____________.
what I need
4. 他考试失败的原因是他太懒了。
The reason why he failed the exam is ____________________.
that he was too lazy
5. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。
The problem is _________________________ we need.
how we can get the things
语篇填空
Many people like drinking bottled water. The reasons vary from one person to
another. One of the reasons is 1._____ some people think it is healthy and clean.
Others drink bottledwater because it's convenient—you can carry it around with
you. In hot countries, summer is often 2.______ people buy bottles of cold water.
However, the truth is 3._____ using lots of plastic bottles is not a good idea.
First, oil is 4.______ we need a lot to make plastic products. If we reduce the
number of bottles we use, we wouldn't need so much oil. Plastic bottles also
pollute the earth, which is 5._______ we human beings live and work. That is
6._____ we shouldn't use so many plastic bottles.
So next time you want to throw away a plastic bottle into a bin, stop and think.
Reusing it will be 7._____ you will help the environment. Go green! The point
of going green is 8._____ you can make a difference to the world.
that
when
that
what
where
why
how
that
Rewrite the underlined sentences using predicative clauses.
Mei Lanfang was born into a family of Peking and Kunqu Opera performers in 1894. At the age of eight, he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis. When he was 17, he kept a flock of pigeons and trained them to fly high. Every day Mei watched them as they flew, which helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art. His hard work and dedication made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.
The age of eight was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.
Watching the pigeons as they flew every day was how he developed the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art.
His hard work and dedication were what made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.
3
Mei was also an innovator. In addition to new stage designs and singing styles, his innovations in make-up and costume design allowed for more vivid depictions of female characters. This contributed greatly to the development of Peking Opera.Until he passed away in 1961, Mei had been performing and encouraging the spread of Peking Opera for almost 60 years. This lifelong devotion has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.
His innovations in make-up and costume design, which allowed for more vivid depictions of female characters, were what contributed greatly to the development of Peking Opera.
This lifelong devotion was what has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.
Think of another artist and write about their devotion to their art. Use predicative clauses where appropriate.
Xu Beihong
4
Xu Beihong is the artist who is celebrated as the one making immense contributions to the realm of art, which is evident from his status as one of the most influential in modern Chinese history. His paintings are known to be a testament to his dedication to preserving and promoting traditional Chinese art forms, which are characterized by their vivid realism and masterful technique.
He is the one whose innovative approach to art is recognized as combining both Eastern and Western influences, which has paved the way for a new generation. He is also the artist whose legacy is considered to continue inspiring and influencing artists worldwide, demonstrating the enduring impact of his work.
徐悲鸿是一位被誉为对艺术领域做出巨大贡献的艺术家，这一点从他作为中国近代史上最有影响力的艺术家之一的地位可以看出。他的画作被认为是他致力于保护和推广中国传统艺术形式的证明，这些艺术形式的特点是生动的现实主义和精湛的技术。
他的创新艺术方法被认为是东西方结合的产物，为新一代铺平了道路。他也是一位艺术家，他的遗产被认为继续激励和影响着世界各地的艺术家，证明了他的作品的持久影响。
The spirit of craftsmanship
Listen to the radio programme and choose its purpose.
1 To introduce famous traditional crafts to the audience.
2 To raise the audience’s awareness of preserving traditional crafts.
3 To replace traditional crafts with modern technology.
4 To tell the stories of some famous craftworkers.
5
With time going by, some traditional crafts are disappearing.
Listen again and complete the table.
Traditional crafts Clog making
1_______________________________________
Reasons for their dying out 2_______________________________ has fallen.
Substitutes are 3___________________________
_________________________________________
and much cheaper, while the cost of 4 __________
_________________________________________
for craftworkers is high.
The younger generation is 5 _________________
________________________________________, which can take years to master.
Now work in pairs. Talk about how to keep traditional crafts from dying out.
Basket making with oak.
The demand for these crafts
mass-produced with modern technology
the material involved
not interested in learning traditional skills
6
Complete the boxes with the expressions from radio programme.
What do you know about...
Did you know that...
One reason is simply that...
Another factor is that...
Giving reasons
Checking knowledge
One reason is simply that...
Another factor is that...
What do you know about...
Did you know that...
7
Host: Welcome to the show. Today, we’re going to talk about
traditional crafts that are dying out. My guest today is Emma
Hadley, an expert in traditional crafts. Emma, what do you know
about traditional crafts that are under threat
Guest: Well, the UK was once known as the “workshop of the world”.
But did you know that today there is only one craftsperson in
the country making clogs
Host: Clogs Like wooden shoes
Guest: Yes. Clog making, it appears, is dying out. The same situation
is there for basket making with oak. There are also very few oak
basket makers left.
Host: That doesn’t sound promising. But why are all these crafts
under threat
听力脚本
Checking knowledge
Guest: Well, one reason is simply that the demand for these crafts has
fallen along with the times. For example, years ago, people took
oak baskets with them when they went shopping. But what do
you take with you now
Host: Erm... a bag
Guest: Yes! No one goes shopping with a basket anymore.
Host: That’s true.
Guest: Well, the cost of making these crafts is also an important
reason why traditional crafts like basket making are endangered.
Substitutes like shopping bags are mass-produced with modern
technology and much cheaper. But it takes a craftsperson a
lot of time to make the same amount of traditional baskets, let
alone the high cost of the materials involved.
Host: I hate to admit it, but you are right.
Giving reasons
听力脚本
Guest: Another factor is that the younger generation is not
interested in learning traditional skills. They can be difficult to
learn and take years to master.
Host: Indeed. Young people are more interested in learning more
“modern” crafts, such as computer programming.
Guest: Yes, and with fewer and fewer people learning them, these
traditional crafts could die out completely.
Host: That would be terrible! Is there anything we can do to stop this
from happening
Guest: Actually, there’s a lot we can do! Governments could set up...
［fade out］
Giving reasons
听力脚本
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Traditional crafts have long been disappearing from countries across the world. With many crafts having been, or about to be, lost forever, people have realised the importance of preserving those that remain. In fact, after a long period of decline, traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissance. There is greater public interest in old stories and traditions, as well as a desire for high-quality products. Such objects are produced through a combination of skill, respect for materials, devotion to tradition, and focus on the task. Craftsmanship speaks to the human need for skilled and socially useful work; the sort of work that can be admired and valued by society.
8
传统工艺早已从世界各国消失。由于许多工艺品已经或即将永远消失，人们意识到保护那些留下来的工艺品的重要性。事实上，经过长时间的衰落，传统工艺最近经历了复兴。公众对古老故事和传统的兴趣越来越大，对高质量产品的需求也越来越大。这些物品是通过技巧、对材料的尊重、对传统的忠诚和对任务的专注来生产的。“工艺”说明了人类对熟练的、对社会有用的工作的需求；这种工作可以被社会所赞赏和重视。
1 What is currently happening to traditional crafts
2 Why are people starting to engage more with traditional crafts
Traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissance.
People are starting to engage more with traditional crafts because there is greater public interest in old stories and traditions, as well as a desire for high-quality products. Furthermore, craftsmanship reflects people’s desire for skilled and socially useful work.
Read the passage and answer the questions.
8
Qian Xuesen
Deng Jiaxian
Yu Min
They contributed greatly to the “two bombs, one satellite” project and showed the spirit of craftsmanship.
Do you know other people who have the spirit of craftsmanship
Read the passage and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
In October 1964, China exploded its first atomic bomb, marking a successful start of the “two bombs, one satellite” project, in which more than 17,000 scientists and researchers participated. Of those, 23 were awarded for their extraordinary contributions.
Para.1
9
be awarded for 因……而获奖
One of the 23 scientists was Deng Jiaxian, who was among the founders of China’s nuclear programme. After coming back from the US, Deng devoted himself whole-heartedly to the development of the “two bombs”. Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extreme conditions of the Gobi desert, he refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research.
Para.2
keep on 继续
back down 退让；认输
Deng Jiaxian
After the successful development of the atomic bomb, he worked closely with Yu Min, another leading scientist at the cutting edge of nuclear technology. Together, they thought outside the box and broke new ground, leading to the breakthrough of the hydrogen bomb. This was a remarkable achievement by the Chinese team of scientists, in such a short space of time.
think outside the box 不拘一格地思考; 跳出框框思考
break new ground 开辟新的领域；有新发现
breakthrough n. 突破；重大进展
Para.2
Yu Min
think outside the box最早指的是下面这张图（9个点组成的正方形）。要求用一条线（不能中断）连接这9个点。
Can you work it out
think outside the box: Think creatively to find new ways of doing things or solving problems.
Did you find out the answer
只有思维突破了正方形的限制才能实现一笔连接9个点的目标，这就叫think outside the box。用来比喻创造性思维。
outside-the-box thinking
Another respected scientist among the 23 award-winners was Qian Xuesen, who was experienced in rocketry and highly accomplished in his field. He had been working in the United States, where his crack hand at jet propulsion had won him acclaim. However, he sought no fame and shunned the spotlight, returning to China with great resolution. He played a key role in China’s missile and aviation programmes, helping fast-track the development by decades.
shun the spotlight 避开聚光灯
Para.3
sought no fame 不求名声
crack adj. 第一流的；非常棒的
acclaim n. 表扬；赞赏
Qian Xuesen
The 23 scientists and many more like them overcame harsh conditions and dedicated much of their lives to their work. Their expertise in science, perseverance, integrity and innovation have inspired generations of scientific researchers to work towards a more powerful and prosperous China.
dedicate v. 致力于；献身于
Para.4
1. What were the 23 scientists honoured for
2. What challenges did they meet How did they overcome them
They were honoured for their extraordinary contributions to the “two bombs, one satellite” project.
They endured extreme conditions and being apart from their families for years. To overcome these challenges, they focused on their responsibilities and dedicated much of their lives to their work.
Read the passage and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
9
Perseverance
Integrity
Innovation
Expertise
Put the expressions that show different qualities in the above activity into the boxes. Add any more you can think of.
refused to back down;
kept on;
with great resolution;
dedicated much of their lives to
sought no fame;
shunned the spotlight
thought outside the box;
broke new ground;
leading to the breakthrough of
was experienced in;
highly accomplished;
his crack hand at;
won him acclaim
10
Work in pairs. Talk about other people who show the spirit of craftsmanship using the words and expressions in this section. Do further research if necessary.
11
Now comment on each other’s performances in using the words and expressios in this section.
The spirit of craftsmanship, often referred to as "工匠精神" in Chinese, encompasses a set of values and attitudes that are deeply rooted in the pursuit of excellence, quality, and dedication in one's work.
It is a mindset that values the journey of creation and the pursuit of perfection in one's field.
As a student, we are supposed to apply such spirit into our study.
What’s your understanding of the spirit of craftsmanship
Unit 2 A life’s work
Using language
To know the usage of predicative clauses.
To use predicative clauses correctly.
To know traditional crafts and talk about how to preserve it.
To learn and use some phrases showing different qualities
of craftsmanship.
Learning objectives
trial n. 试验 17
by trial and error 反复试验（以得出最佳结果） 17
*craftsnabship n. 手艺；工艺；技艺 18
*atomic adj. 原子能的；核能的 19
back down 退让；认输 19
the cutting edge (of sth.) （某是发展的）尖端，最前沿 19
think outside the box 不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考 19
Words and expressions
break new ground 开辟新的领域；有新发现 19
hydrogen n. 氢 19
propulsion n. （车辆等的）推进力 19
jet propulsion 喷气推进 19
*acclaim n. 表扬，赞赏 19
*shun v. （故意）避开，躲开 19
*spotlight n. 聚光灯；媒体的关注 19
*harsh adj. 恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的 19
*prosperous adj. 富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的 19
Predicative clauses
表语从句
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
1 What form does the predicative take in sentences (a) and (b)
The predicative in sentences (a) and (b) takes the form of a clause.
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
2 Why is “what” used in sentence (a) and “where” used in sentence (b)
“What” is used in sentence (a) because it acts as the subject of “makes” in the predicative clause.“Where” is used in sentence (b) because it acts as the adverbial in the predicative clause.
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage and answer the questions.
a This is what makes them so special.
b A simple restaurant was where he usually had the same meal of sausages, eggs and coffee.
3 What other words do you know that can lead a predicative clause
Other words are who, when, how, why, etc.
1
Now look for more sentences with predicative clauses in the reading passage, and summarise their uses in your own words.
This devotion and hard work is what we see reflected within his photos.
Read the following groups of sentences, do the summary.
Group 1:
1. The trouble is that I have lost his address.
2. What he wants to know is whether we can finish our work by tomorrow morning.
Summary:
1.连接词that在从句中只起到连接作用，不作任何成分。2.连接词whether起连接作用，意为“___________________”，在句中不作任何成分。
是否；究竟；到底
Group 2:
1. The problem is who we can get to replace her.
2. Be sure to be with a strong awareness that you are what you eat.
3. The question is how he did it.4. Their difficulty is where they can raise enough money.
Summary:
1.连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever在表语从句中充当___________________。2.连接副词where，when，how，why在表语从句中充当________________________。
主语、宾语或定语
状语
【语法精讲】表语从句是指一个句子作为表语，放在系动词之后，说明主语是什么或者怎么样。含有表语从句的一般结构为“主语+系动词+关联词+表语从句”。
1）可接表语从句的系动词有be, look, seem, sound, appear 等。
例如：It seems as if it were spring already.
2）引导表语从句的常见关联词有连接代词who, which, whatever 等，连接副词 how, why, whenever 等，从属连词as, that, whether 等。例如：a.The problem is who we can get to replace her.b.The problem is how we can find him.c.The fact is that we have no idea to solve this problem.d.The question is whether they will help us.
3）引导表语从句的that通常不省略，但在口语或非正式文体中有时也可省略。例如：The trouble is (that) he is ill.
Ruth Bancroft was the creator of the Ruth Bancroft Garden in Walnut Creek, California. Bancroft was born in Brockton to Swedish parents, who relocated when she was a baby. As a child, she loved to explore the Californian flora,
and establishing a garden grew out of her own
personal interest in plants and wildflowers. Her
garden was the first to be preserved by The
Garden Conservancy, and has been welcoming
visitors since 1992. Bancroft lived to the incredible age of 109.
Walnut Creek 核桃溪市
The Garden Conservancy 花园保护协会
Listen to the story of Ruth Bancroft and complete the sentences with predicative clauses. Listen again if necessary.
1 One reason why the garden is unique is ____________________ _____________________________________________________.2 Another reason for its uniqueness is _______________________
________________________________.
3 The drought-resistant plants with thick,
fleshy leaves became
____________________________.
that it comprises an array of plants adapted to dry conditions
that it is the life’s work of only one woman: Ruth Bancroft
what she was most interested in
2
4 Although Walnut Creek was not _______________________,
Ruth managed to grow them by much trial and error.
5 It seemed _______________________________________
____________________________.
6 Those five-star reviews prove
_________________________________.
where they grew naturally
as though nothing would ever stop her from continuing this work
how much visitors admire her garden
Listen to the story of Ruth Bancroft and complete the sentences with predicative clauses. Listen again if necessary.
2
在句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。表语从句的引导词与主语从句的引导词大致一样，表语从句位于系动词后。
基本结构：主语+系动词+引导词+表语从句。
表语从句的引导词：
从属连词 as if, as though, because, that, whether, as
连接代词 who， whom， whose， what， which， whoever， whatever，
whichever等
连接副词 where， when， how， why等
表语从句
名词性从句之一
1.从属连词引导的表语从句
The reason for my lateness is that I missed my bus.
我迟到的原因是没赶上公共汽车。
One reason for her preference for city life is that she can have easy access to places like restaurants and grocery stores.
她偏爱城市生活的一个原因是她可以很容易地到餐馆和超级市场之类的地方。
My question is whether we can raise enough money.
我的问题是我们能否筹集到足够的钱。
This is because he didn't attend the class the other day.
这是因为他前几天没有上课。
When put half in the water, the chopstick looks as if it were broken.
把筷子放一半在水中时，它看起来像是断了一样。
He looked just as he had looked ten years before.
他看起来还和十年前一样。
2.连接代词引导的表语从句
“A good night's sleep is what you want,” he said firmly.
“好好睡上一晚才是你想要的。”他坚定地说。
The question is who will offer to help.
问题是谁愿意主动提供帮助。
What concerns parents most is which activity benefits the children most.
家长最担心的是哪种活动对孩子们最有益。
The issue is whose design is popular with most students.
问题是谁的设计受大多数学生的欢迎。
3.连接副词引导的表语从句
True knowledge is when one knows the limitations of one's knowledge.知之为知之，不知为不知，是知也。
Misfortune, that is where happiness depends;happiness, that is where misfortune underlies.
祸兮，福之所倚；福兮，祸之所伏。
That was how he managed to solve the problem.
那就是他成功解决问题的方式。
That is why he tried his best to get in touch with you.
那就是他尽最大努力和你取得联系的原因。
温馨提示
注意点 例句
引导表语从句的that，不作 任何成分，但不能省略 What excited me most was that we finished our
work ahead of time.
最令我兴奋的是我们提前完成了工作。
可接表语从句的连系动词 有be、seem、look、taste等 It seems that he doesn't agree with us.
他似乎不同意我们的看法。
表示命令、请求、建议的 词作主语时，表语从句中 的谓语动词用“should+动词 原形”，should可以省略 My suggestion is that they （should） make a
plan before they start the project.
我的建议是在他们开始这个项目前要制订一个计划。
单句语法填空
1. The trouble is _____ I can't find my way.
that
2. Without his support， we wouldn't be ___________ we are now.
where/what
3. This is ______ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope
for the best.
what
4. By boat is the only way to get here, which is _____ we arrived.
how
5. He got caught in the heavy traffic. That was _____ he was late.
why
单句语法填空
6. Energy is ______ makes things work.
what
7. We didn't set out; it was ________ we wanted to wait until our mother
came back.
because
8. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____ one can be entirely free
from dust.
that
9. It sounds____________ someone is knocking at the door.
as if/though
10. What cost him his life was _____ he was too careless.
that
完成句子
1. 上次我们玩得很开心是我们参观水上公园的时候。
The last time we had great fun was ___________________________________.
when we were visiting the water park
2. 他生病了。那就是他昨天没来的原因。
He was ill. That is ___________________ yesterday.
why he didn't come
3. 这把剪刀不是我所需要的。
The pair of scissors is not ____________.
what I need
4. 他考试失败的原因是他太懒了。
The reason why he failed the exam is ____________________.
that he was too lazy
5. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。
The problem is _________________________ we need.
how we can get the things
语篇填空
Many people like drinking bottled water. The reasons vary from one person to
another. One of the reasons is 1._____ some people think it is healthy and clean.
Others drink bottledwater because it's convenient—you can carry it around with
you. In hot countries, summer is often 2.______ people buy bottles of cold water.
However, the truth is 3._____ using lots of plastic bottles is not a good idea.
First, oil is 4.______ we need a lot to make plastic products. If we reduce the
number of bottles we use, we wouldn't need so much oil. Plastic bottles also
pollute the earth, which is 5._______ we human beings live and work. That is
6._____ we shouldn't use so many plastic bottles.
So next time you want to throw away a plastic bottle into a bin, stop and think.
Reusing it will be 7._____ you will help the environment. Go green! The point
of going green is 8._____ you can make a difference to the world.
that
when
that
what
where
why
how
that
Rewrite the underlined sentences using predicative clauses.
Mei Lanfang was born into a family of Peking and Kunqu Opera performers in 1894. At the age of eight, he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis. When he was 17, he kept a flock of pigeons and trained them to fly high. Every day Mei watched them as they flew, which helped him to develop the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art. His hard work and dedication made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.
The age of eight was when he started training in Peking Opera on a daily basis.
Watching the pigeons as they flew every day was how he developed the expressive eye movements that were so crucial to his art.
His hard work and dedication were what made him a leading artist in Peking Opera.
3
Mei was also an innovator. In addition to new stage designs and singing styles, his innovations in make-up and costume design allowed for more vivid depictions of female characters. This contributed greatly to the development of Peking Opera.Until he passed away in 1961, Mei had been performing and encouraging the spread of Peking Opera for almost 60 years. This lifelong devotion has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.
His innovations in make-up and costume design, which allowed for more vivid depictions of female characters, were what contributed greatly to the development of Peking Opera.
This lifelong devotion was what has made him one of the most celebrated Peking Opera artists of all time.
Think of another artist and write about their devotion to their art. Use predicative clauses where appropriate.
Xu Beihong
4
Xu Beihong is the artist who is celebrated as the one making immense contributions to the realm of art, which is evident from his status as one of the most influential in modern Chinese history. His paintings are known to be a testament to his dedication to preserving and promoting traditional Chinese art forms, which are characterized by their vivid realism and masterful technique.
He is the one whose innovative approach to art is recognized as combining both Eastern and Western influences, which has paved the way for a new generation. He is also the artist whose legacy is considered to continue inspiring and influencing artists worldwide, demonstrating the enduring impact of his work.
徐悲鸿是一位被誉为对艺术领域做出巨大贡献的艺术家，这一点从他作为中国近代史上最有影响力的艺术家之一的地位可以看出。他的画作被认为是他致力于保护和推广中国传统艺术形式的证明，这些艺术形式的特点是生动的现实主义和精湛的技术。
他的创新艺术方法被认为是东西方结合的产物，为新一代铺平了道路。他也是一位艺术家，他的遗产被认为继续激励和影响着世界各地的艺术家，证明了他的作品的持久影响。
The spirit of craftsmanship
Listen to the radio programme and choose its purpose.
1 To introduce famous traditional crafts to the audience.
2 To raise the audience’s awareness of preserving traditional crafts.
3 To replace traditional crafts with modern technology.
4 To tell the stories of some famous craftworkers.
5
With time going by, some traditional crafts are disappearing.
Listen again and complete the table.
Traditional crafts Clog making
1_______________________________________
Reasons for their dying out 2_______________________________ has fallen.
Substitutes are 3___________________________
_________________________________________
and much cheaper, while the cost of 4 __________
_________________________________________
for craftworkers is high.
The younger generation is 5 _________________
________________________________________, which can take years to master.
Now work in pairs. Talk about how to keep traditional crafts from dying out.
Basket making with oak.
The demand for these crafts
mass-produced with modern technology
the material involved
not interested in learning traditional skills
6
Complete the boxes with the expressions from radio programme.
What do you know about...
Did you know that...
One reason is simply that...
Another factor is that...
Giving reasons
Checking knowledge
One reason is simply that...
Another factor is that...
What do you know about...
Did you know that...
7
Host: Welcome to the show. Today, we’re going to talk about
traditional crafts that are dying out. My guest today is Emma
Hadley, an expert in traditional crafts. Emma, what do you know
about traditional crafts that are under threat
Guest: Well, the UK was once known as the “workshop of the world”.
But did you know that today there is only one craftsperson in
the country making clogs
Host: Clogs Like wooden shoes
Guest: Yes. Clog making, it appears, is dying out. The same situation
is there for basket making with oak. There are also very few oak
basket makers left.
Host: That doesn’t sound promising. But why are all these crafts
under threat
听力脚本
Checking knowledge
Guest: Well, one reason is simply that the demand for these crafts has
fallen along with the times. For example, years ago, people took
oak baskets with them when they went shopping. But what do
you take with you now
Host: Erm... a bag
Guest: Yes! No one goes shopping with a basket anymore.
Host: That’s true.
Guest: Well, the cost of making these crafts is also an important
reason why traditional crafts like basket making are endangered.
Substitutes like shopping bags are mass-produced with modern
technology and much cheaper. But it takes a craftsperson a
lot of time to make the same amount of traditional baskets, let
alone the high cost of the materials involved.
Host: I hate to admit it, but you are right.
Giving reasons
听力脚本
Guest: Another factor is that the younger generation is not
interested in learning traditional skills. They can be difficult to
learn and take years to master.
Host: Indeed. Young people are more interested in learning more
“modern” crafts, such as computer programming.
Guest: Yes, and with fewer and fewer people learning them, these
traditional crafts could die out completely.
Host: That would be terrible! Is there anything we can do to stop this
from happening
Guest: Actually, there’s a lot we can do! Governments could set up...
［fade out］
Giving reasons
听力脚本
Read the passage and answer the questions.
Traditional crafts have long been disappearing from countries across the world. With many crafts having been, or about to be, lost forever, people have realised the importance of preserving those that remain. In fact, after a long period of decline, traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissance. There is greater public interest in old stories and traditions, as well as a desire for high-quality products. Such objects are produced through a combination of skill, respect for materials, devotion to tradition, and focus on the task. Craftsmanship speaks to the human need for skilled and socially useful work; the sort of work that can be admired and valued by society.
8
传统工艺早已从世界各国消失。由于许多工艺品已经或即将永远消失，人们意识到保护那些留下来的工艺品的重要性。事实上，经过长时间的衰落，传统工艺最近经历了复兴。公众对古老故事和传统的兴趣越来越大，对高质量产品的需求也越来越大。这些物品是通过技巧、对材料的尊重、对传统的忠诚和对任务的专注来生产的。“工艺”说明了人类对熟练的、对社会有用的工作的需求；这种工作可以被社会所赞赏和重视。
1 What is currently happening to traditional crafts
2 Why are people starting to engage more with traditional crafts
Traditional crafts have recently undergone a renaissance.
People are starting to engage more with traditional crafts because there is greater public interest in old stories and traditions, as well as a desire for high-quality products. Furthermore, craftsmanship reflects people’s desire for skilled and socially useful work.
Read the passage and answer the questions.
8
Qian Xuesen
Deng Jiaxian
Yu Min
They contributed greatly to the “two bombs, one satellite” project and showed the spirit of craftsmanship.
Do you know other people who have the spirit of craftsmanship
Read the passage and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
In October 1964, China exploded its first atomic bomb, marking a successful start of the “two bombs, one satellite” project, in which more than 17,000 scientists and researchers participated. Of those, 23 were awarded for their extraordinary contributions.
Para.1
9
be awarded for 因……而获奖
One of the 23 scientists was Deng Jiaxian, who was among the founders of China’s nuclear programme. After coming back from the US, Deng devoted himself whole-heartedly to the development of the “two bombs”. Spending years apart from his family and enduring the extreme conditions of the Gobi desert, he refused to back down from his responsibilities and kept on conducting scientific research.
Para.2
keep on 继续
back down 退让；认输
Deng Jiaxian
After the successful development of the atomic bomb, he worked closely with Yu Min, another leading scientist at the cutting edge of nuclear technology. Together, they thought outside the box and broke new ground, leading to the breakthrough of the hydrogen bomb. This was a remarkable achievement by the Chinese team of scientists, in such a short space of time.
think outside the box 不拘一格地思考; 跳出框框思考
break new ground 开辟新的领域；有新发现
breakthrough n. 突破；重大进展
Para.2
Yu Min
think outside the box最早指的是下面这张图（9个点组成的正方形）。要求用一条线（不能中断）连接这9个点。
Can you work it out
think outside the box: Think creatively to find new ways of doing things or solving problems.
Did you find out the answer
只有思维突破了正方形的限制才能实现一笔连接9个点的目标，这就叫think outside the box。用来比喻创造性思维。
outside-the-box thinking
Another respected scientist among the 23 award-winners was Qian Xuesen, who was experienced in rocketry and highly accomplished in his field. He had been working in the United States, where his crack hand at jet propulsion had won him acclaim. However, he sought no fame and shunned the spotlight, returning to China with great resolution. He played a key role in China’s missile and aviation programmes, helping fast-track the development by decades.
shun the spotlight 避开聚光灯
Para.3
sought no fame 不求名声
crack adj. 第一流的；非常棒的
acclaim n. 表扬；赞赏
Qian Xuesen
The 23 scientists and many more like them overcame harsh conditions and dedicated much of their lives to their work. Their expertise in science, perseverance, integrity and innovation have inspired generations of scientific researchers to work towards a more powerful and prosperous China.
dedicate v. 致力于；献身于
Para.4
1. What were the 23 scientists honoured for
2. What challenges did they meet How did they overcome them
They were honoured for their extraordinary contributions to the “two bombs, one satellite” project.
They endured extreme conditions and being apart from their families for years. To overcome these challenges, they focused on their responsibilities and dedicated much of their lives to their work.
Read the passage and answer the questions. Pay attention to the words and expressions in bold.
9
Perseverance
Integrity
Innovation
Expertise
Put the expressions that show different qualities in the above activity into the boxes. Add any more you can think of.
refused to back down;
kept on;
with great resolution;
dedicated much of their lives to
sought no fame;
shunned the spotlight
thought outside the box;
broke new ground;
leading to the breakthrough of
was experienced in;
highly accomplished;
his crack hand at;
won him acclaim
10
Work in pairs. Talk about other people who show the spirit of craftsmanship using the words and expressions in this section. Do further research if necessary.
11
Now comment on each other’s performances in using the words and expressios in this section.
The spirit of craftsmanship, often referred to as "工匠精神" in Chinese, encompasses a set of values and attitudes that are deeply rooted in the pursuit of excellence, quality, and dedication in one's work.
It is a mindset that values the journey of creation and the pursuit of perfection in one's field.
As a student, we are supposed to apply such spirit into our study.
What’s your understanding of the spirit of craftsmanship