Unit 5 Learning from nature Developing ideas 语言点 课件（共33张）2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修3

(共33张PPT)
Unit 5 Developing ideas
Back to Nature
回归大自然
语言点课件
词汇短语复习巩固
*superficially adv. 表面（上）地 56
bow v. 鞠躬 56
rural adj. 农村的，乡村的 56
decent adj. 可接受的，相当好的 57
cottage n. 乡村小屋 57
*deliberately adv. 不慌不忙地，从容不迫的 57
withdraw v. 退出 57
domestic adj. 驯养的；家养的 57
depressive adj. 抑郁的 57
*reluctant adj. 不情愿的；勉强的 57
*depart v. 离开 57
*lane n. （乡间的）小路 57
*atop prep. 在……顶上 57
*mulberry n. 桑葚；桑树 57
purity n. 纯洁；洁净 57
resign v. 使自己顺从于（做）某事；安于 57
botanical adj. 植物（学）的 57
reject v. 拒绝接受 57
ease n. 舒适，悠闲 57
at ease with 不拘束，放松 57
attain v. 得到， 获得 57
*fulfilment n. 满足（感） 57
evaluate v. 评估，评价 58
Words and expressions
bow
rural
decent
cottage
withdraw
ease
attain
domestic
depressive
depart
purity
resign
reject
fulfilment
evaluate
polar opposites
feel conflicted over
for good
in return for
draw...from...
reaction to
be opposed to
withdraw from
in other words
in contrast to
devote oneself to
resign oneself to
(be) at ease with
While Tao's return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was
opposed to
focusing on himself and his writing
Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena
It takes considerable courage to
课文语法结构分析
Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets, but one lived in Ancient China and the other in 19th century America. Superficially, these two men, whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1, 500 years, were polar opposites. And yet they shared an intense ( / n tens/adj. 很大的，十分强烈的 ) respect for nature, which made them each an influential figure of their time.
Para. 1
whose引导非限制性定语从句，对these two men 进行补充说明。
陶渊明和亨利·大卫·梭罗都是诗人, 但是一位生活在古代中国,另一位生活在19世纪的美国。表面上看, 这两个人生活在不同的时代, 相隔近一千五百年, 迥然不同。然而, 他们都非常尊重自然, 这使得他们在各自的时代都成为有影响力的人物。
Back to Nature 回归大自然
which引导非限制性定语从句，对主语内容进行补充说明。
Both men made dramatic transformations to their lives in order to reconnect with nature. As an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao felt conflicted over life at court. In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line that he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain.
Para. 1
现在分词短语作伴随状语
为了重归自然, 两人的生活都发生了戏剧性的转变。陶渊明是东晋的官员, 但是对官场生活感到困惑。公元405年, 陶渊明（永远）辞去了官职, 以表达他对仕途的不满, 用今天的一句名言形容就是“不为五斗米折腰”。
发生戏剧性的转变
Back to Nature 回归大自然
永久地；一劳永逸地
that引导的同位语从句，对line进行解释说明。
He spent the next 22 years until his death, working the land in a poor, rural area. From his poetry, we can learn that although his life was arduous, he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity ( /s m pl s ti/ n. 简单；简朴，朴素 ) and in drawing pleasure from nature.
Para. 2
although引导的让步状语从句，尽管。
现在分词短语作伴随状语
在之后的22年里, 直到生命的尽头, 他躬耕于田野, 生活在清贫的农村。我们可以从他的诗歌中看出, 尽管生活艰苦, 但他从这种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感, 并从大自然中获得了乐趣。
that引导的宾语从句，作learn宾语。
Back to Nature 回归大自然
While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to, Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way he lived. He had a decent quality of life, but he wanted to live in a simpler way. For two years, two months and two days, he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond, focusing on himself and his writing.
Para. 3
省略which/that的定语从句，修饰a lifestyle，在从句中作宾语。
while并列连词“然而”，用于强调两种情况、活动之间的区别。
陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式做出的一种反应, 而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。虽然梭罗过着体面的生活, 但他希望活得更简单些。两年两个月零两天, 他住在瓦尔登湖边森林里的一间小屋里,专注于自身和写作。
省略in which/ that引导的定语从句，修饰the way， 在从句中作方式状语。
Back to Nature 回归大自然
现在分词短语作伴随状语
He explained his reason for doing so in Walden: “I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life.” Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives.
Para. 3
because引导原因状语从句，因为。
他在《瓦尔登湖》中解释了这样做的原因: “我步入丛林, 是因为我希望自由地生活, 只面对生活中的基本事实。”两个人都乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退, 在平静的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。
现在分词短语作伴随状语
Back to Nature 回归大自然
从……退出/离开
Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its beauty and value. Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages, in other words, rural, and his animals are domestic ones, such as chickens and dogs. The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive ( /d pres v/ adj. 抑郁的；压抑的) court life:
Para. 4
although引导让步状语从句，尽管。
尽管陶渊明和梭罗对待自然的方式不同, 但他们的作品都展现了自然的美丽和价值。陶渊明的自然是田野和村庄, 换句话说, 是田园。他的动物们都是家养的, 比如鸡和狗。他描写的平静祥和的生活, 与压抑的官场生活形成鲜明对比, 是对压抑的官场生活的批判:
换句话说，换言之
Back to Nature 回归大自然
省略which/that引导的定语从句，修饰life，在从句中作宾语。
与……形成对比
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village,
The smoke above reluctant( /r l kt nt/ adj. 勉强的 ) to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane（n.（乡间）小路）,
And chickens sit atop(prep.在…顶上，在…上面) the mulberry tree.
Para. 4
暧暧远人村,
依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中,
鸡鸣桑树颠。
Back to Nature 回归大自然
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him. Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena, he recorded his detailed findings in his journals. Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do. We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts, as he describes in his journals: Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. Let them be your only diet, drink and botanical medicines.
Para. 5
现在分词短语作状语
梭罗在描述自然时, 重点描绘了他周围原野的美丽与纯粹。他全身心投入到观察自然现象中, 并在日记中详细地记录了自己的发现。梭罗的写作意在使人们信服, 动物和植物就像我们人类一样都有生存和繁荣的权利。我们应该与它们和谐共处, 享受大自然的恩赐, 正如他在日记中描述的那样：好好度过每一个季节, 呼吸新鲜的空气, 畅饮美酒, 品尝水果,尽情享受这一切。让生活中只有饮食和草药。
that引导宾语从句，作convince宾语。
Back to Nature 回归大自然
as引导方式状语从句，表示“正如”，“和...一样”。
as引导方式状语从句，表示“正如”，“和……一样”。
as引导伴随状语从句，随着
It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, as both Tao and Thoreau did. Their choices led them to quiet and reflective ( /r flekt v/ adj. 沉思的，深思的) lives with fewer material desires. In today’s modern world, their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment ( /f l f lm nt/ n. 满足感，成就感).
Para. 6
It是形式主语，不定式to reject the easy and...nature作真正的主语。
像陶渊明和梭罗那样, 拒绝简单熟悉的事物, 转而尝试亲近大自然, 这需要相当大的勇气。他们的选择使他们过上了平静而沉思的生活, 物质欲望减少了。在今天这个现代世界, 他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相处的想法, 可能会让我们离获得个人幸福和满足感更近一步。
as引导方式状语从句，正如，正像
Back to Nature 回归大自然
about+doing(动名词短语)构成介词短语作定语，修饰their ideas.
课文翻译串讲
1.superficially / su p f li/ adv. 表面地；浅薄地
The film touches on these issues, but only superficially. 这部电影触及了这些问题，但很肤浅。
All of these are superficially different features, but can be viewed as the same thing, really.
所有这一切仅仅是表面上的不同而已，本质上是一回事。
2.polar opposites 截然相反的两端（人/物）; 地动天摇（电影名，Polar Opposites）
In many ways, Brett and Bernard are polar opposites. 在许多方面，布雷特和伯纳德截然不同。
American and Chinese cultures are at polar opposites. 美国和中国的文化截然不同。
Polar opposites that actually do quite well together. 性格差异很大的一对却能相处地不错。
In their choice of subject matter they were polar opposites. 在选择创造主题上，两人截然不同。
Back to Nature Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau were both poets, but one lived in Ancient China and the other in 19th century America. Superficially, these two men, (whose lives were separated in time by nearly 1, 500 years)定从, were polar opposites. And yet they shared an intense( / n tens/adj. 很大的，十分强烈的 ) respect for nature, (which made them each an influential figure of their time)非限制定从. 回归大自然
陶渊明和亨利·大卫·梭罗都是诗人, 但是一位生活在古代中国,另一位生活在19世纪的美国。表面上看, 这两个人生活在不同的时代, 相隔近一千五百年, 迥然不同。然而, 他们都非常尊重自然, 这使得他们在各自的时代都成为有影响力的人物。
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3. feel conflicted over 感到与……冲突/有矛盾；对……感到矛盾
I'm avoiding interacting with people via blogs and message boards because I feel so conflicted about it.
因为我感到矛盾，所以我回避用博客和留言板与人交流。
4. for good 永久地；一劳永逸地
You're not leaving for good. 你不会永远离开的。
She would give up cigarettes for good. 她会永远戒烟。
Both men made dramatic transformations to their lives [in order to reconnect with nature]. [As an official in the Eastern Jin Dynasty], Tao felt conflicted over life [at court]. In 405, he quit the service of the court for good, 【expressing his unhappiness in the now famous line (that he would not “bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain)同位语从句.】现在分词作伴随状语 为了重归自然, 两人的生活都发生了戏剧性的转变。陶渊明是东晋的官员, 但是对官场生活感到困惑。公元405年, 陶渊明（永远）辞去了官职, 以表达他对仕途的不满, 用今天的一句名言形容就是“不为五斗米折腰”。
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5. in return for 作为……的报答；以回报
Can I buy you lunch in return for your help 感谢你帮忙，我请你吃午饭好吗？《牛津词典》
I sent him a present in return for his help. 我送给他一份礼物以回报他的帮助。
In return for your kindness, I would like to invite you to dinner. 作为对你好心的报答，我想请你吃饭。
6. arduous/ ɑ d u s/ adj. 努力的；费力的；险峻的
The work was arduous. 这项工作很艰巨。《牛津词典》
We must have patience in doing arduous work. 我们做艰苦的工作要有耐性。《新英汉大辞典》
We still face arduous struggles. 我们面前还有艰苦斗争。
7. draw...from... 从……中得到; 从……提取
What conclusions did you draw from the report 你从这个报告中得出了什么结论？《牛津词典》
There are a few lessons to draw from these novel searches. 我们从这些新的搜索中得到一些经验。
Draw from the things you've done right. 从你做对的事情上汲取经验。
What conclusions can you draw from this initial test 从第一次测试能够得出什么结论？
He spent the next 22 years until his death, [working the land in a poor, rural area]伴随状语. From his poetry, we can learn that [although his life was arduous,]让步状语 he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity( /s m pl s ti/ n. 简单；简朴，朴素 ) and in drawing pleasure from nature. 在之后的22年里, 直到生命的尽头, 他躬耕于田野, 生活在清贫的农村。我们可以从他的诗歌中看出, 尽管生活艰苦, 但他从这种简单的生活中成功获得了满足感, 并从大自然中获得了乐趣。
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8. reaction to 对……的反应
Reaction to the visit is mixed. 对这次访问的反应不一。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
What was his reaction to the news 他对这消息有何反应？《牛津词典》
People's reaction to the film has varied greatly. 人们对这部影片的反应大不一样。《牛津词典》
9. be opposed to反对……；与……相对
No one can be opposed to alternate energy. 没人可能会反对代用能源。
He was strongly opposed to the idea. 他坚决反对那个主意。
They are violently opposed to the idea. 他们强烈反对这个想法。《牛津词典》
While Tao’s return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle (he was opposed to)定从, Thoreau’s was a personal decision to transform the way (he lived)定从. He had a decent quality of life, but he wanted to live in a simpler way. For two years, two months and two days, he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond, [focusing on himself and his writing]伴随状语. 陶渊明回归大自然是对自己反对的生活方式做出的一种反应, 而梭罗则是出于个人的决定而改变自己的生活方式。虽然梭罗过着体面的生活, 但他希望活得更简单些。两年两个月零两天, 他住在瓦尔登湖边森林里的一间小屋里,专注于自身和写作。
3
decent / di s( )nt/ adj. 得体的 He did the decent thing and resigned. 他做得很体面，辞职了。《牛津词典》
10. reason for ……原因，……理由
This was the real reason for her call. 这是她打电话的真实原因。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
As always, Peter had a reason for his action. 如往常一样,彼得对他行为总有理由。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
I have no particular reason for doubting him. 我没有什么特别的理由怀疑他。《牛津词典》
11. withdraw from 从……退出；从……离开
There have been calls for Britain to withdraw from the EU. 一直有人呼吁英国退出欧盟。《牛津词典》
The African National Congress threatened to withdraw from the talks. 非洲国民大会威胁要从会谈中退出。
I made the choice to withdraw from college to care for her. 我决定从大学退学回来照顾她。
I don't know if he will withdraw from the race. 我不知道他是否将退出比赛。
He explained his reason for doing so in Walden: “I went to the woods [because I wished to live deliberately]原因状语, to front only the essential facts of life.”Both men were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, [seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their lives].现在分词作伴随状语 他在《瓦尔登湖》中解释了这样做的原因:“我步入丛林, 是因为我希望自由地生活, 只面对生活中的基本事实。”两个人都乐于从当下的生活中抽身而退, 在平静的生活中寻求与自然和谐的关系。
3
13. in contrast to/with 和……形成对比；与……形成对照
In contrast to Samsung, Apple is better. 与三星相比，苹果较好。
This finding is in contrast to that discovered in prior research efforts.
这一研究结果与在早前的研究成果形成了鲜明的对比。
His public statements have always been in marked contrast to those of his son.
他在公共场合的发言总是和他儿子的话截然不同。
Although Tao and Thoreau do not treat nature in quite the same way, their works show its beauty and value. Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages, in other words, rural, and his animals are domestic ones, such as chickens and dogs. The calm and peaceful life (he wrote about)定从 is in contrast to and critical of the depressive( /d pres v/ adj. 抑郁的；压抑的) court life: 尽管陶渊明和梭罗对待自然的方式不同, 但他们的作品都展现了自然的美丽和价值。陶渊明的自然是田野和村庄, 换句话说, 是田园。他的动物们都是家养的, 比如鸡和狗。他描写的平静祥和的生活, 与压抑的官场生活形成鲜明对比, 是对压抑的官场生活的批判:
12. in other word换句话说；也就是说
The greenback, in other words, is not just America's currency.
换句话说，美钞不仅仅是美国的货币。它还是世界的货币。
In other words, they play in order to practice survival skills, like movements used in hunting and fighting.
换句话说，他们的玩耍是为了练习生存技能，比如狩猎和战斗中运用的动作。
4
be critical of 对……感到不满/挑剔
Tom's parents were highly critical of the school.
汤姆的父母对学校提出了强烈的批评。
14. (be) reluctant to do sth. 不心甘情愿做某事；不愿意做某事
She was reluctant to admit she was wrong. 她不愿承认自己有错。《牛津词典》
Criminals are very reluctant to leave a paper trail.
罪犯们非常不愿意留下案底。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
He was reluctant to give up smoking. 他很不情愿地放弃抽烟。
15.atop prep. 在……的顶上; adv. 在顶上
A tuft of grass atop the wall sways right and left in the wind.
墙上一棵草，风吹两边倒。《新英汉大辞典》
The young man, by now standing atop a wall, shouted: "I am a true beggar. “
这时年轻人跳到了一堵墙上，他大声喊道，“我是一名真正的乞丐!”
Under the newspaper, atop a sheet of paper, lay an envelope.
报纸下面的一张纸上，放着一个信封。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Beyond the dark and distance lies a village, The smoke above reluctant( /r l kt nt/ adj. 勉强的，不情愿的 ) to depart. A dog is barking somewhere down the lane, And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree. 暧暧远人村,
依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中,
鸡鸣桑树颠。
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16. devoting himself to 投身于；致力于
This year, Peng has been devoting himself to making movies. 今年，彭于晏一直投身于电影事业。
His sprit of devoting himself to teaching gains the respect of his colleague.
他专心致力于教学的精神赢得了同事们的尊敬。
Everyone knows there is nothing difficult if you devote yourself to doing it.
只要你全身心投入就没有什么困难。
17. have a right to 有权做某事
The Baltic people have a right to determine their own future.
波罗的海人民有权决定他们自己未来。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
I basically believe that we have a right to our opinions. 本质上我认为我们有权发表自己的意见。
You have no right to take risks with other people's lives. 你没有权利拿别人的生命去冒险。《牛津词典》
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him. Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena, he recorded his detailed findings in his journals. Thoreau’s writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, [as we do]. We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature’s gifts, [as he describes in his journals]: 梭罗在描述自然时, 重点描绘了他周围原野的美丽与纯粹。他全身心投入到观察自然现象中, 并在日记中详细地记录了自己的发现。梭罗的写作意在使人们信服, 动物和植物就像我们人类一样都有生存和繁荣的权利。我们应该与它们和谐共处, 享受大自然的恩赐, 正如他在日记中描述的那样：
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☆ convince people that...让人相信……；使人信服……
It must convince people that it does good things with the money it receives.
它必须使人们确信它在用收到的钱做有益的事情。
18. resign yourself to自己辞职； 使听从于；顺从
But you don't have to resign yourself to feeling tired. 但是你不需要屈从地感到疲惫。
You're hopeless！ You might as well resign yourself to being a poor poet.
你真是无药可救！你干脆去当个穷诗人算了。
The most common is that you may feel that it's just not possible to have a satisfying life, and resign
yourself to hopelessness and despair.
最常见的是，你可能觉得自己不可能过上满意的生活，因此而屈服于无望和绝望。
19. botanical /b t n k( )l/ adj. 植物（学）的
The area is of great botanical interest. 该地区很有植物学研究价值。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
She was a famous botanical scientist. 她是一名著名的植物学科学家。
The pictures we took at the botanical garden should be ready tomorrow.
我们在植物园拍的照片明天应该准备好了。
Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. Let them be your only diet, drink and botanical medicines. 好好度过每一个季节, 呼吸新鲜的空气, 畅饮美酒, 品尝水果,尽情享受这一切。让生活中只有饮食和草药。
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20. considerable /k n s d r bl/ adj. 相当大的，相当重要的
Damage to the building was considerable. 对这栋建筑物的损坏相当严重。《牛津词典》
Finding a cure requires considerable time and effort. 找到一种治愈方法需要相当的时间和努力。
I have already been put to considerable inconvenience. 我已经被添了相当的麻烦了。《牛津词典》
22. be at ease with 与人轻松相处；不拘束；放松，悠闲自在
You are completely at ease with your own being. 你完全对自己的存在感到自在。
Feeling quite well is about feeling at ease with yourself. 感到非常舒服就是你自我感觉放松。
It takes considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature, [as both Tao and Thoreau did]. Their choices led them to quiet and reflective( /r flekt v/ adj. 沉思的，深思的) lives with fewer material desires. In today’s modern world, their ideas (about living simply and being at ease with nature)定语 may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment( /f l f lm nt/ n. 满足感，成就感). 像陶渊明和梭罗那样, 拒绝简单熟悉的事物, 转而尝试亲近大自然, 这需要相当大的勇气。他们的选择使他们过上了平静而沉思的生活, 物质欲望减少了。在今天这个现代世界, 他们关于简单生活和与自然和谐相处的想法, 可能会让我们离获得个人幸福和满足感更近一步。
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21. reflective /r flekt v/ adj. 沉思的，深思的
Being reflective is an important part of active learning because it means that you are thinking about the
information. 反思是主动学习的一个重要部分，因为这意味着你在思考信息。
I walked on in a reflective mood to the car. 我若有所思地朝那辆汽车走去
Sometimes, the best route to fulfilment is the path of more resistance. 有时候，实现梦想的最佳途径就是那条有更多阻力的道路。
Recite all the phrases we have learned in class.
Homework