Unit 5 Learning from nature Developing ideas 课件（共40张）2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修3

(共40张PPT)
Unit 5 Developing ideas
Back to Nature
回归大自然
阅读课件
To summarize the general idea of the text, sort out the structure of the text, and better understand the importance of nature to literary creation.
To analyze and integrate the age of Tao Yuanming and Thoreau, analyze the social background and reasons of their return to pastoral life, understand their yearning for pastoral life and love for nature, and establish a positive and healthy world outlook, outlook on life and values.
To make use of the stories you’ve learned to write a passage about your love of nature.
Learning objectives
*superficially adv. 表面（上）地 56
bow v. 鞠躬 56
rural adj. 农村的，乡村的 56
decent adj. 可接受的，相当好的 57
cottage n. 乡村小屋 57
*deliberately adv. 不慌不忙地，从容不迫的 57
withdraw v. 退出 57
domestic adj. 驯养的；家养的 57
depressive adj. 抑郁的 57
*reluctant adj. 不情愿的；勉强的 57
*depart v. 离开 57
*lane n. （乡间的）小路 57
*atop prep. 在……顶上 57
*mulberry n. 桑葚；桑树 57
purity n. 纯洁；洁净 57
resign v. 使自己顺从于（做）某事；安于 57
botanical adj. 植物（学）的 57
reject v. 拒绝接受 57
ease n. 舒适，悠闲 57
at ease with 不拘束，放松 57
attain v. 得到， 获得 57
*fulfilment n. 满足（感） 57
evaluate v. 评估，评价 58
Words and expressions
Back to Nature
Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862) was an American essayist, poet, and philosopher. He began writing nature poetry in his early twenties, with poet Ralph Waldo Emerson as a mentor and friend. In 1845, he began his famous two-year stay at Walden Pond, which he wrote about in his masterwork, Walden.
Born into a poor aristocratic family in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Tao Yuanming(365-427) was one of China`s greatest poets and a noted recluse. A master of the five-word line, Tao has been described as the first great “poet of fields and gardens.”
1
Read the short introductions to Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau and share what else you know about them with the class.
Pre-reading
Main questions
1. What are the attitude of Tao Yuanming and Thoreau towards nature and life
2. What can you learn from their ideas
陶渊明（约365～427年），字元亮，晚年更名潜，字渊明。别号五柳先生，私谥靖节，世称靖节先生。浔阳柴桑人（今江西九江）人。东晋末到刘宋初杰出的诗人、辞赋家、散文家。被誉为“隐逸诗人之宗”、“田园诗派之鼻祖”。他是中国第一位田园诗人，被称为“古今隐逸诗人之宗”，有《陶渊明集》。
亨利·戴维·梭罗，毕业于哈佛大学，1845年，在距离康科德两英里的瓦尔登湖畔隐居两年，自耕自食，体验简朴和接近自然的生活，以此为题材写成的长篇散文《瓦尔登湖》(1854)，成为超验主义经典作品。
Both of them got inspiration from nature for their literary works. Both of them lived simply in nature with few material desires, which helped them to attain their personal fulfillment.
2
Read the passage and find out what Tao and Thoreau learnt from nature.
While-reading
1.What is the genre of this article
It’s argumentation (议论文).
2. How many parts is this article divided into
The article is divided into three parts: viewpoint, argument and conclusion.
The viewpoint that the two poets’ return to nature
The ways two poets return to nature
The two poets' feelings about nature
Return to nature and its inspiration for people
Part 1论点
Part 2论据
Part 3结论
Read for genre and structure
Read the passage and match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para. 1 A. Tao’s return to nature
Para. 2 B. The feature of Tao’s nature
Para. 3 C. The inspiration of their choices in modern world
Para. 4 D. The feature of Thoreau' s nature.
Para. 5 E. Though living in different time, they showed
respect for nature.
Para. 6 F. Thoreau’s return to nature
Read for the main idea of each paragraph
What's the main idea of the passage
A. Tao Yuanming and Thoreau were both influential poets of their day.
B. Tao Yuanming and Thoreau both treated nature in the same way.
C. Tao Yuanming and Thoreau were both fond of seeking harmony in
nature in their quiet life.
D. Tao Yuanming and Thoreau were both enthusiastic about living to
serve at court.
Read for the main idea
Although Tao and Thoreau lived in different countries, and their lives were separated in time by nearly 1500 years, yet they were both poets, who shared an intense respect for nature, which made them each an influential figure of their time.
Careful reading
Para.1
The reason for going back to nature
Tao went back to nature because he felt conflicted over life at court . His return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to.
Thoreau’s return to nature was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
Para.2~3
Their lives of fields and gardens
He would not “ bow like a servant in return for five dou of grain”.
He spent the next 22 years since 405 until his death, working the land in a poor, rural area. From his poetry, we can learn that although his life was arduous, he succeeded in finding contentment in its simplicity and in drawing pleasure from nature.
Para.2
Why did Tao Yuanming quit the service of the court (para2)
A. He was paid only five dou of grain.
B. He was tired of the conflict over life at court.
C. He could live a decent life in the rural area.
D. He was forced to do this by his superior.
Thoreau had a decent quality of life, but he wanted to live in a simpler way. For two years, two months and two days, he lived in a cottage in the forest on the edge of Walden Pond, focusing on himself and his writing. He explained his reason for doing so in Walden: “ I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life.”
Para.3
What's the reason for Thoreau's return to nature (Para3)
A. He wanted to seek a peaceful life.
B. He wanted to live a decent life.
C. He was forced by the conflict to do so.
D. The life he lived then was too arduous(艰苦的).
Nature described in their works and their aims
Tao’s nature is a place of fields and villages, in other words, rural, and his animals are domestic ones, such as chickens and dogs. The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life:
Beyond the dark and distant lies a village,
The smoke above reluctant to depart.
A dog is barking somewhere down the lane,
And chickens sit atop the mulberry tree.
Para.4
归园田居（其一）
陶渊明
少无适俗韵，性本爱丘山。
误落尘网中，一去十三年。
羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。
开荒南野际，守拙归园田。
方宅十余亩，草屋八九间。
榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前。
暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。
户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲。
久在樊笼里，复得返自然。
What is the feature of Tao’s works (Para 4 )
A. A depressive court life.
B. Frontier style.
C. Jungle scenery.
D. Fields and villages.
Thoreau’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him. Devoting himself to observations of the natural phenomena, he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.
His writing aimed to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do. We should live with them in harmony and enjoy nature`s gifts, as he describes in his journals:
Para.5
好好度过每一个季节，
呼吸新鲜的空气，
畅饮美酒，品尝水果，
尽情享受这一切。
让生活中只有饮食和草药。
Thoreau 梭罗
Live in each season as it passes; breathe the air, drink the drink, taste the fruit, and resign yourself to the influences of each. Let them be your only diet, drink and botanical medicines.
肆月
1. What does Thoreau’s work emphasize (Para 5)
___________________________________________
2. What’s the aim of Thoreau’s writing (Para 5)
_______________________________________________________
the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him
To convince that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper
The author wants people to____ according to the passage.(Para 6)
A. live a life in the countryside
B. attain personal well-being and fulfilment
C. live with as much material as we can
D. live a free life
Their similarities
They went back to nature.
Both made dramatical transformations to their lives in order to reconnect
with nature.
Both were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their new lives.
Both took considerable courage to reject the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature.
Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires.
Their ideas about living simply and being at ease with nature may take us a step closer to attaining personal well-being and fulfilment.
Para.6
3
Organise information from the passage and complete the chart.
Careful reading
He went back to nature because he felt conflicted over life at court.
His return to nature was a reaction to a lifestyle he was opposed to.
The calm and peaceful life he wrote about is in contrast to and critical of the depressive court life.
Thoreau’s return to nature was a personal decision to transform the way he lived.
Thoreau’s description of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him.
He wrote about nature in order to convince people that animals and plants had a right to live and prosper, as we do.
Tao Yuanming
Henry David Thoreau
Check your answers.
Similarities:
Both made dramatical transformations to their lives in order to reconnect with nature.
Both were happy to withdraw from contemporary life, seeking a harmonious relationship with nature in the quietness of their new lives.
Learning to learn
A comparative essay compares, contrasts and evaluates two or more topics. There must be enough similarities and differences between the topics so that they can be discussed in a meaningful way. A number of points should be discussed within a comparative essay.
学会学习
一篇对比类文章做比较，对比和评价两个或两个以上的主题。主题之间必须有足够的相似点和不同点，这样才能有意义地进行讨论。在一篇比较文章中应该讨论许多要点。
1 Why did it take Tao and Thoreau great courage to walk away from their previous lives
2 Why are their ideas important to our lives today
Because it was difficult to reject the easy and familiar life they used to live.
Because in today’s modern world, we still need to live harmoniously with nature, and live a simple life. Fewer material desires lead to better personal well-being and fulfilment.
Think & Share
Post-reading
3 What do you think about living in nature like Tao and Thoreau Give your reasons.
I think living in nature is the only way to truly “live” and it is desirable. Such lifestyle enables us to know life’s true meaning or true sublimity and gives a true account of it, not be like men who live in uncertainty about the meaning of life. It can also simplify our affairs and make us awake enough to appreciate life.
Think & Share
Both passages have the common theme of learning from nature. The first passage focuses on the inspirations people get from nature, while the second focuses more on the natural way of living that people still need today. The second passage calls upon us to live in harmony with nature, which is an important message for today.
4. Compare the two reading passages in this unit. In what ways does each passage contribute to the unit theme
Think & Share
1 Find the Chinese version of Tao’s poem, and translate Thoreau’s quote into Chinese.
4
Work in pare the quotes by Tao and Thoreau.
Post-reading
好好度过每一个季节，
呼吸新鲜的空气，
畅饮美酒，品尝水果，
尽情享受这一切。
让生活中只有饮食和草药。
归园田居（其一）
陶渊明
少无适俗韵，性本爱丘山。
误落尘网中，一去十三年。
羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。
开荒南野际，守拙归园田。
方宅十余亩，草屋八九间。
榆柳荫后檐，桃李罗堂前。
暧暧远人村，依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中，鸡鸣桑树颠。
户庭无尘杂，虚室有余闲。
久在樊笼里，复得返自然。
2 Decide which portrayal of nature you prefer and make notes.
3 Organise your thoughts and share them with the class.
Now think about your performance in this activity. How effectively did you compare the two literary works What additional information did you need to make the comparison
根据课文内容,判断正(T)误(F)。
1.Tao’s descriptions of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him.
2.Tao returned to nature as he hoped , living a closer life to nature.
3.Tao and Thoreau lived in the same age of different countries.
4.Tao and Thoreau didn’t treat nature in quite the same way , but their works show its beauty and value.
5.In today’s modern world , their ideas may take us a step closer to attaining fulfilment .
F
F
F
T
T
Consolidation
Superficially , Tao Yuanming and Henry David Thoreau shared respect for nature that made them an 1. 　　　　　(influence)figure of their day.
Both men made dramatical transformations to their lives in order to reconnect 2.　　 nature. As an official , Tao felt 3.　　　　　(conflict) over life at court and succeeded 4____ finding contentment in its simplicity . Thoreau lived in a cottage in the forest , focusing on 5_______(he) and his writing . Thoreau’s 6.　　　 　(describe) of nature emphasised the beauty and purity of the wild areas around him.
7. 　　　　　(devote) himself to observations of the natural phenomena , he recorded his detailed findings in his journals.
influential
with　
conflicted
in
himself
descriptions
Devoting
课文语法填空
We should live with them in 8.　　　　　(harmonious) and enjoy nature’s gifts. It takes considerable courage 9________(reject) the easy and familiar and instead try to live closer to nature,
10.　　　　　both Tao and Thoreau did. Their choices led them to quiet and reflective lives with fewer material desires.
harmony
as
to reject
课文语法填空