Unit 6 Nature in words Developing ideas 课件（共57张，内嵌音频） 2024-2025学年高二英语外研版（2019）选择性必修3

(共57张PPT)
Unit 6 Developing ideas
Silent Spring
寂静的春天
阅读课件
To understand the author's assessment of Rachel Carson and consider the message of Silent Spring and its implications for society.
To feel the theme of the text, further think about the impact of human activities on the natural environment, and improve the awareness of nature protection.
To analyze the basic elements and writing techniques of English poetry to lay the foundation for poetry creation.
Learning objectives
Words and expressions
ban v. 禁止，取缔 68
*puzzled adj. 困惑的，无法理解的 68
*backyard n. 后院 68
*moribund adj. 垂死的，奄奄一息的 68
*tremble v. 颤抖，发抖 68
*throb v. 生机勃勃；热闹 68
chorus n. 合唱曲 68
*robin n. 知更鸟 68
*catbird n. 猫鹊 68
*dove n. 鸽子 68
*jay n. 松鸦 68
*wren n. 鹪鹩（一种褐色小鸟） 68
*marsh n. 沼泽，湿地 68
*fable n. 寓言 68
*alert v. 提醒，使（某人）意识到 68
*knowingly adv. 故意地 68
gypsy moth舞毒蛾 68
dozen number 一打；许多 69
thorough adj. 仔细的；缜密的 69
precise adj. 精确的；一丝不苟的 69
launch n. 推出，发起 69
*posthumous adj. 死后获得的 69
*marine adj. 海洋的 69
reputation n. 名誉，名望 69
elegance n. 优美；简洁 69
passionate adj. 具有强烈信念的 69
diamond n. 钻石 71
Silent Spring
Look at the infographic below and answer the questions.
Facts about the pesticide:
DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pesticide.
It stays in the environment.
It is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans.
Now banned in many countries, it is still used in some for malaria(疟疾) control.
1
Pre-reading
Facts about DDT：
DDT was first produced in 1874 and was later used as pesticide.
DDT最早生产于1874年，后来被用作杀虫剂。
It stays in the environment.
它留在环境中。
It is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans.
它对生物，包括人类有剧毒。
Now (banned in many countries)过去分词作状语, it is still used in some for malaria control.
尽管现在它在许多国家是禁用的，但在一些国家它仍被用于控制疟疾。
被植物吸收 被动物食用 渗入水中
absorb v. 吸收
consume v. 消费；消耗；吃
filter v. 过滤；渗透
1874年，德国Zeidler合成了DDT。1936～1939年，瑞士化学家保罗·赫尔曼·穆勒（Paul Hermann Müller，1899～1965）发现了DDT的杀虫效能和使用价值，1943年传播国外，1944正式发表。
DDT是第一个重要的有机氯杀虫剂，在第二次世界大战后一段时间内，大量应用于农业和卫生保健，起过很大的作用，瑞士化学家保罗·赫尔曼·穆勒Müller因此获得1948年的诺贝尔医学奖。
Pesticides were yesterday’s gospel, but today’s disaster.
农药是昨天的福音，今天的灾难。
1 How does DDT reach the human body in the food chain
When DDT is sprayed onto plants in order to kill insects, it is absorbed by the plants and subsequently consumed by animals; humans in turn eat those animals. DDT also leaks through the soil and into rivers and lakes, where it contaminates（/k n t m ne t/v.污染，弄脏；毒害） fish consumed by humans.
Look at the infographic below and answer the questions.
1
Pre-reading
2 What harm does DDT cause
DDT is highly poisonous to living organism, including humans.
For dozens of years, human beings have paid a heavy price for it : a large number of birds have died out ; Germ cells have been damaged ; Various chronic diseases have appeared…
几十年来，人类为此付出了沉重的代价：大量鸟类灭绝，生殖细胞受损，出现各种慢性疾病……
Pre-reading
Read the book review on Silent Spring, a book that led to the banning of DDT. Predict what will be mentioned in the passage.
2
1. What is the genre of this article
It’s a book review.
2. How many parts can this article be divided into
This article can be divided into 3 parts: Paragraph 1 is an excerpt of the content; Paragraphs 2-5 describe the author's background and the general idea of the book, emphasizing the pollution and harm of pesticides to people, plants and animals, as well as soil and rivers. The author's achievement in writing this book and the opposition from minority interest groups show people's general concern about nature and hope for a better future. The sixth paragraph expresses the reviewer's views and opinions on the book.
An excerpt of the book
Paragraphs 2-5 describe the author's background and the general idea of the book, emphasizing the pollution and harm of pesticides to people, plants and animals, as well as soil and rivers. The author's achievement in writing this book and the opposition from minority interest groups show people's general concern about nature and hope for a better future.
The reviewer's views and opinions on the book.
Part 1
Part 2
Part 3
While-reading
Now read the passage and check your prediction.
It is a book review on Silent Spring, so the following parts may be mentioned in this passage:
basic information about the book, including the author, year of publication, theme and main idea;
the reason why this book is published;
features of the writing;
comments on this book;
influence of this book.
There was a strange stillness. The birds, for example-where had they gone Many people spoke of them, puzzled and disturbed. The feeding stations in the backyards were deserted. The few birds seen anywhere were moribund; they trembled violently and could not fly. It was a spring without voices. On the morning that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus of robins, catbirds, doves, jays, wrens, and scores of other bird voices there was now no sound; only silence lay over the fields and woods and marsh.
Silent Spring
Careful reading
robin 知更鸟
catbird 猫鹊
dove 鸽子
jay松鸭
wren鹪鹩
Careful reading
purpose
By imaging a world without birds, she aimed to alert the scientific community and the general public to the damaging effects of human activity on natural ecosystems-in particular, to the harmful use of pesticides, such as DDT.
Rachel Carson believed that the chemical industry was knowingly causing harm to plants, animals and even humans, and wished to see pesticides used in a more responsible, limited and carefully monitored way.
Careful reading
Content of the book
Carson urged people to make themselves aware of the facts and do something about the situation.
Silent Spring contains a lot of scientific research and case studies. The book gives also dozens of other examples of eradication programmes that did nothing to reduce the problems they were originally designed to solve.
The book details the gypsy moth eradication programme, which killed birds, in addition to gypsy moths.
Another case study was the fire-ant programme that killed cows , but not fire ants.
Careful reading
Carson`s message was very alarming, causing a great increase in environmental awareness.
Influences of the book
Its impact was immediate and far-reaching : the use of DDT was banned and the Environmental Protection Agency was established in the US.
Careful reading
Silent Spring was therefore regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world. It also earned Carson a posthumous Presidential Medal of Freedom and put her face on the 17-cent US stamp.
Careful reading
Opposing voices
Though Carson`s research was strong and was supported by most scientists who reviewed her work, the book quickly became a target for critics in the pesticide industry.
They said that Carson did not understand the science behind her arguments because she was a marine biologist rather than a chemist.
Some also said that her work was more emotional than scientific.
Careful reading
Comment on the book
She made a crucial but potentially difficult to understand subject interesting and accessible to millions of people.
This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments, strong though they are, but because of the beauty and elegance of her writing.
Her book not only changed the world; half a century later it remains a book that deserves to be reread today, so that we can once again feel ourselves warm to the fire of its passionate message.
For unless we do listen to Rachel Carson`s warning, one day we may wake up to the strange and quiet horror of another silent spring.
Careful reading
Organise information from the passage and complete the notes about
Silent Spring.
3
Silent Spring
Author: Rachel Carson
Year of publication: ______________________
Purposes: Carson aimed to alert people to _________________ on antural ecosystems.
She wished to see pesticides used in a _________________ way.
Features of the book: Carson wrote a lot of ____________________ in the book.
The arguments are strong and the language is _______________.
Opposing voices: ___________________ said that Carson’s research is not precise. Carson appeared in public and on television to __________________.
Influence of the book: ____________________ was banned and the EPA was established in the US.
Carson earned a posthumous ___________________.
The book changed the world by increasing people’s __________________.
1962
the damaging effects of human activity
more responsible, limited and carefully monitored
scientific information, examples and research
beautiful and elegant
The pesticide industy
defend her claims
The use of DDT
Presidential Medal of Freedom
envirnmental awareness
Post-reading
A book review: an article in a newspaper or magazine
giving opinion about a new book
A book review
author, theme, main idea,
year of publication
the reason for its publication
basic information
of the book
features of the writing
comments on this book
influence of this book
1 Why was Silent Spring so successful
Silent Spring was so successful because it alerted the general public to the dangers of DDT. It planted important new ideas in the public mind, such as that spraying chemicals to control insect populations has an impact on other wildlife, and that the chemicals got into the food chain.
Think & Share
Post-reading
2 What is the moral lesson behind “A Fable for Tomorrow”
The moral lesson is that financial profit should not come at the expense of the environment and the creatures living in it.
Think & Share
3 Why did some people challenge Carson’s findings
Some people challenged Carson’s findings because they were concerned about the negative impact they would have on business in the pesticide industry.
Think & Share
4 In what different ways do First Snow and Silent Spring raise people’s awareness of nature
First Snow shows the beauty of nature—and in particular the snow—through its words and imagery, while Silent Spring describes an unnatural spring without the beauty of birdsong. They each raise people’s awareness of nature by highlighting the interplay between nature and human behavior.
Think & Share
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
4
1 Read the passage again and make notes about Rachel Carson’s contributions to environmental protection. Consider the following:
her most influential work
what points she tried to make
difficulties she met with
her personal qualities
2 Rachel Carson received her Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1980. Read the except from President Carter’s award speech and note the language features.
3 Write your own speech of about 100 words and share it with the class.
Never silent herself in the face of destructive trends, Rachel Carson fed a spring of awareness across America and beyond. Always concerned, always eloquent, she created a tide of environmental consciousness that has not ebbed.
Post-reading
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
4
Award Speech
Sample
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Today, we honor Rachel Carson, the author of "Silent Spring".
Firstly, her groundbreaking work "Silent Spring" sparked a global awakening to the dangers of pesticides.
Secondly, Rachel displayed unwavering dedication to truth and the environment, leaving an indelible mark on our planet.
Lastly, her courage and commitment to a greener future continue to inspire us all.
Thank you, Rachel Carson, for your invaluable contributions to our world.
1
Post-reading
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
4
Further More Award Speech
Sample
Ladies and Gentlemen,
Today, we honor a visionary who ignited a global movement with her powerful words. Rachel Carson, author of "Silent Spring," a groundbreaking book published in 1962, stands as a beacon of environmental protection.
"Silent Spring" was not just a book; it was a clarion call that awakened the world to the perils of DDT, a pesticide that threatened our ecosystem. Rachel Carson's eloquent writing exposed the devastating effects of DDT on plants, animals, and humans, sparking a global awareness that led to its eventual ban in many countries.
Her dedication to the environment was unwavering. Rachel Carson challenged the status quo, speaking truth to power and inspiring a new generation of environmentalists. Her work paved the way for the modern environmental movement, encouraging individuals to take action and protect our planet.
2
Post-reading
Work in groups. Write an award speech for Rachel Carson.
4
Further More Award Speech
Sample
Rachel Carson possessed remarkable personal qualities. She was always concerned, always eloquent, and always willing to stand up for what she believed in. Her legacy continues to inspire us today, reminding us of the importance of protecting our planet and its inhabitants.
In recognition of her outstanding contributions, we proudly present Rachel Carson with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Her unwavering dedication to the environment has left an indelible mark on our world. May her legacy continue to guide us as we strive to protect our planet for generations to come.
Thank you, Rachel Carson, for your visionary leadership and unwavering commitment to the environment.
Now think about your performance in group discussion. Were you able to make an objective judgement about Rachel Carson
2
Post-reading
1.Which work was regarded as a milestone in the launch of the green movement in the Western world
A . The Edge of the Sea.
B . Under the Sea Wind.
C . Silent Spring.
D . First Snow.
Reading comprehension
Post-reading
2.Why was Silent Spring so successful
A . Because it caused a great increase in environmental awareness.
B . Because the writer is very famous.
C . Because it reflects the realism.
D . Because the bird described is very nice.
3.What’s the topic of Silent Spring
A . Love , hope , human.
B . Nature , love , life.
C . Environment, life , human.
D . Environment, love , human.
Reading comprehension
There was a strange 1.　　　　　 (still).The birds , for example—where had they gone Many people spoke of them,2.　　　　　(puzzle) and disturbed .
The feeding stations in the 3.　　　　　 (backyard) were deserted . The few birds seen anywhere were 4.　　　　　(moribund);they
5.　　　　　(tremble) violently and could not fly . It was 6.　　 spring without voices . On the mornings that had once 7.　　　　　 (throb)with the dawn chorus of robins , catbirds , doves , jays, wrens ,and scores of other bird 8.　　　(voice) there was now no sound ; only 9.　　 (silent) lay over the fields and 10._______(wood)woods and marsh.
stillness
puzzled
backyards
moribund
trembled
a
throbbed
voices
silence　
woods
语法填空
Post-reading
Writing a poem about nature
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
5
Now enjoy the three poems!
Which poem… a b c
…uses its shape to help convey message
…has rhyming words at the end of lines
…uses metaphor
…uses simile
…uses personification
√
√
√
√
√
√
√
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
5
Learning to learn
Rhyme is a typical feature of English poetry. A rhyme is a repetition of similar sounds (or the same sound) in two or more words. Children`s poems, called “nursery rhymes”, usually contain strong rhymes so they are easy to be remembered. In modern poetry, however, features other than rhyme are more important. Lines of modern poetry can be of variable length, the shape of the words on the page is more important, and rhyme is not often used.
学会学习
押韵是英语诗歌的一个典型特征。押韵是在两个或两个以上的单词中重复相似的音（或相同的音）。儿童诗歌，被称为“童谣”，通常包含强烈的押韵，所以他们很容易被记住。然而，在现代诗歌中，韵律以外的特征更为重要。现代诗歌的行可以是可变的长度，在页面上的单词的形状是更重要的，和押韵不经常使用。
Read the poems and tick the correct box(es) for each question.
5
Think about words and expressions related to nature and add them to the mind map.
6
what your poem will be about
what kind of poem you are going to write
what figures of speech you will use
what words you can use for that rhyme (if using rhyme)
Work in pairs. Plan a poem. Consider the following:
7
Now write your poem.
There once was a boy who thought,
He could eat all the sweets he had bought.
He gobbled them down,
Then started to frown,
Because he’d eaten more than he ought.
Sample
Work in pairs. Make improvements to each other’s poems and share them with the class.
8
Now discuss the similarities and differences between Chinese and English poems.
Advantages of Chinese metrical poetry over English metrical poetry:
1) The format and number of words of Chinese metrical poetry can be more orderly, with both phonological and physical beauty, and can also use the technical format that is difficult to achieve in other language metrical poetry.
2) More homophonic words, more rhyming words, more convenient rhyme.
3) Relying on a long and profound culture, many ready-made allusions can be used to make the language more concise and conducive to the implicit expression of simple words and deep meaning.
4) More flexible syntax, many syntactic components can be omitted, inversion is also very flexible.
Advantages of English metrical poetry over Chinese metrical poetry:
1) Based on English, it is more understandable in the world and has a wider audience.
2) It is easier to express and absorb other cultural elements.
3) More flexible rhyming, there are abab, abba and other rhyming methods.
中文格律诗较英文格律诗的优势:
1)中文格律诗的格式、字数可以更整齐，兼具音韵美和形体美，还可以用对仗等其他语言格律诗很难做到的技巧格式。
2)同音字多，同韵字多，更方便押韵。
3)依托悠久深邃的文化，可以用很多现成的典故，使语言更加凝练，有利于言简意深的含蓄表达。
4)句法更灵活，很多句法成分可以省略，倒装也十分灵活。
英文格律诗较中文格律诗的优势:
1) 以英语为依托，在世界范围内更易懂，受众群体更广泛。
2)更容易表现和吸收其他文化元素。
3)押韵方式更灵活，有abab，abba 以及其他隔句押韵的方式。
高分写作
下面是唐朝诗人李绅的名作 (Sympathy on the Farmers),请写一篇80词左右的短文解释一下诗的意思及诗中所蕴含的作者的思想感情。
悯农
锄禾日当午,汗滴禾下土。
谁知盘中餐,粒粒皆辛苦。
模拟高考
一、审题定调
1.确定体裁:本文为诗歌改写。
2.确定人称:本文的主要人称应为第三人称和第一人称。
3.确定时态:由于本文是诗歌,记述的是作者看到和想到的事情,所以时态以一般现在时为主。
二、谋篇布局
第一部分,诗歌的作者:李绅;时代:唐朝;地位:深受欢迎。
第二部分,介绍诗歌所表达的内容。
第三部分,诗歌的写作意图及现实意义。
三、组织语言
1.核心词汇
(1)be popular with受到……欢迎
(2)frequently频繁地
(3)delicious美味的
(4)remind...of...提醒某人某事
(5)waste food浪费食物
(6)treasure珍惜
参考范文:
The poem entitled “Sympathy on the Farmers” is written by Li Shen in the Tang Dynasty , which enjoys great popularity among Chinese readers . It goes like this : Hot as it is outside at this summer noon time , the farmers are still working in the fields . They are wet all over with their sweat frequently falling into the soil , where the crops grow . But who on earth knows exactly all the delicious dishes on our table come from the hard work of the farmers
Li Shen wrote this poem in order to remind people of the importance of the farmers’ hard work .Nowadays, many young people waste a lot of food . I think it’s of great importance that the young generation today should understand the poem and treasure every grain.
Spring needs sound!
Presenting ideas
Work in groups. Share with each other a book about nature you have read. Consider the following:
1
Show your composition!
Sample
Work in groups. Share with each other a book about nature you have read. Consider the following:
1
The book I'd like to share is called "The Call of the Wild" by Jack London.
Theme and Genre:
The theme of this book is the survival of nature and the struggle of a dog named Buck to adapt to the harsh wilderness. It's an adventure novel with elements of animal fiction.
Content:
The story follows Buck, a domesticated dog in California, who is stolen and sold into the harsh world of sled dogs in the Yukon during the Klondike Gold Rush. Through a series of challenges and adventures, Buck learns to survive and becomes the leader of the sled team. The book explores themes like the innate wildness in all creatures and the struggle for survival in the natural world.
What makes me interested in the book:
I'm fascinated by the vivid descriptions of the Yukon's icy landscapes and the brutal yet beautiful world of nature. Jack London's writing brings the wilderness to life, making you feel the cold, the hunger, and the primal instincts of the animals. The character of Buck and his journey from domesticated pet to wild survivor is also inspiring and thought-provoking.
Now plan your own book about nature based on your research. Think about the questions and make notes.
1
Sample
1. Theme of the Book: My book's theme is the beauty and diversity of the natural world.
2. Genre of the Book: The genre of my book is non-fiction, specifically focusing on science and exploration.
3. Content of the Book:The content will encompass stories of unique landscapes, fascinating creatures, and the latest discoveries in environmental science.
4. What Makes the Book Interesting:What makes my book intriguing is its ability to blend captivating stories with profound scientific insights, encouraging readers to cherish and safeguard our planet.
Analysis:
The book is centered around the wonders of nature, highlighting its beauty and the variety of forms it takes. By choosing a non-fiction genre with a focus on science and exploration, the author aims to educate and engage readers with factual information presented in an exciting way. The inclusion of unique landscapes, fascinating creatures, and the latest environmental science discoveries ensures that the content is both informative and entertaining. The book's appeal lies in its combination of storytelling and scientific knowledge, inspiring readers to develop a deeper appreciation and commitment to protecting the natural world.
Discuss how many chapters the book will have and make a brief table of contents.
Table of Contents
Chapter One _____________________________
Chapter Two _____________________________
Chapter Three ____________________________
Chapter Four _____________________________
2
Sample
Chapter Outline of the Book on Nature
Chapter One: Introduction to Nature An overview of the natural world
The significance of understanding nature
Chapter Two: Earth's Marvels Geographical features & landscapes
Unique ecosystems & biodiversity
Chapter Three: The Heavenly Vault Weather patterns & climate systems
Astronomy & the cosmos explored
Chapter Four: The Depths of the Oceans Marine life & their habitats
Oceanic exploration & conservation efforts
This concise chapter outline captures the essence of a book dedicated to the wonders of nature, encompassing the earth, sky, and oceans within a word limit of 12,000.
Think of a catchy title for your book and design a book cover if possible.
3
Sample
A catchy title:
Wonders of the Natural World
[自然世界的奇迹]
Prepare a short introduction to the book. Consider the following:
4
1 the structure of your introduction
2 useful words, expressions and structures
Give your introduction to the class. Vote for the most creative book about nature.
5
Show Your Talent!
Write a reflection after completing this unit. Consider the following:
1 What is your understanding of nature in literature
2 What text types have you learnt about What are their features
3 What words, expressions and structures have you learnt
4 What improvement have you made in understanding
different cultures
5 What improvement have you made in using learning strategies and
exploring effective ways of learning
6 What improvement have you made in analysing and
solving problems
1. Review the words and expressions we have learnt and try to make sentences with them.
2. Make a survey in your neighborhood. And try to find possible solutions to the problems concerning environmental protection.
Homework