专题四 数 词
表示数目多少或顺序次第的词叫作数词。数词包括基数词和序数词。
一、基数词
表示数目或者数量多少的词叫作基数词,其构成方式如下:
数 字 基数词形式 例 词
0~12 各自独立 zero 0;one 1;nine 9;twelve 12
13~19 3~9+重读teen结尾 特殊: thirteen 13; fifteen 15; eighteen 18 一般: fourteen 14; sixteen 16
20~90 (整十位数) 以ty结尾 twenty 20; thirty 30; forty 40; fifty 50; sixty 60; seventy 70; eighty 80; ninety 90
两位数(几十几) 整十位数-个位数 twenty-one 21; thirty-five 35; ninety-eight 98
多位数 从右向左数起,每隔三位数加一个逗号,依次为thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿),逗号中间三位数 76, 832, 154, 968 ↓ ↓ ↓ billion million thousand
【温馨提示】
1.hundred、thousand、million、billion等词跟在基数词后面时,用单数形式。如:
two hundred students二百名学生
three thousand sheep三千只绵羊
2.hundred、thousand、million、billion等词的复数形式,后接of短语,表示不确定的数目。如:
hundreds of dollars几百美元
millions of workers数百万工人
二、序数词
表示顺序的词叫作序数词,其构成方式如下:
数 字 序数词变化规则 例 词
1、2、3 不规则变化 first第一; second第二; third第三
4~19 基数词词尾加th 一般: fourth第四; nineteenth第十九 特殊: fifth第五; eighth第八; ninth第九; twelfth第十二
续表
数 字 序数词变化规则 例 词
20、30 ……90 y变为ie再加th twenty →twentieth 第二十 ninety →ninetieth 第九十
两位数或多位数(整 十、百……除外) 只变个位数(hundred、 thousand等只在词尾加th) twenty-third第二十三; one hundred and fifty-ninth第一百五十九; hundredth第一百
【助记】基数词变序数词规律
基变序,有规律,末尾加上-th。
一、二、三特殊记,面目全非要注意。
八去t,九去e,ve要用f替。
逢十改y为ie,后跟-th莫忘记。
若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。
三、数词的应用
名称 表 达 法 例 词
年份日期 月,日,年(日用序数词,年用基数词) 特别提示:年份的读法可先读前两位数,再读后两位数,读日时要加the 1997年3月21日—March the twenty-first,nineteen ninety-seven
日,月,年 (the+序数词+of+月,年) 2007年3月21日—the twenty-first of March,two thousand and seven
年 代 in+the+数词的复数形式 在18世纪20年代—in the 1720’s/1720s 读作:in the seventeen twenties
续表
名称 表 达 法 例 词
时 刻 顺读法:时在前,分在后,按基数词读 10:15 ten fifteen
逆读法:分在前,时在后 分钟≤30: 用“分+past+时”,表示“几点过几分” 7:05 five past seven 7:15 fifteen past seven 7:30 half past seven
分钟>30: 用“分+to+时”,表示“差几分到几点” 7:57 three to eight 11:46 fourteen to twelve 2:40 twenty to three
几刻钟 一刻钟:a quarter 三刻钟:three quarters
编 号 编号时,序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词 Lesson Twelve =the twelfth lesson
分 数 记忆口诀:分子基,分母序,分子大于1,分母加s 特别提示:通常用a/one half表示。用a/one quarter表示 one third two thirds four fifths three quarters(three fourths)
带分数:当分数前面带有整数时,要用连词and连接 2 two and two thirds
倍 数 英语用twice表示两倍,两倍以上用基数词加times表示 twice两倍 three times三倍 forty times四十倍
年龄
【温馨提示】
1.序数词前面通常要加定冠词the,但是如果序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、指示代词等限定词,则不加the。如:
It is my third time to visit Beijing.这是我第三次参观北京。
2.序数词前面如果出现不定冠词a或an,则表示“再一;又一”。如:
We’ve tried it twice. Must we try it a third time
我们已经试过两次了。我们必须再试一次吗
3.“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词的单复数和名词的单复数保持一致。如果是单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;如果是复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
One third of the water is clean.
三分之一的水是干净的。
Sixty percent of the workers are young people.
百分之六十的工人是年轻人。
4.“基数词-单数名词”或“基数词-单数名词-形容词”相当于复合形容词,只能作定语,后面必须跟名词,用于表示时间、距离、年龄、长度、宽度、高度、深度等。如:
a ten-minute walk步行10分钟的路程;
an 8-year-old boy一个8岁的男孩
3年淮安、江苏真题
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2023·镇江中考) Look at the picture. According to a survey among one hundred foreigners in Zhenjiang, ______of them come because they do business here.
Reasons why foreigners come to Zhenjiang
A.forty-five B.twenty-two
C.eighteen D.fifteen
2.(2022·宿迁中考) —People in our town planted ______trees on Tree Planting Day.
—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.
A.hundred B.hundred of
C.hundreds D.hundreds of
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2024·淮安中考)I live on the (ten) floor.I can enjoy beautiful views of the city.
2.(2023·淮安中考)There are only 5 people waiting in front of me. I’m the (six).
3.(2022·淮安中考) Lisa got the (two) place in the Chinese Kung fu competition.
4.(2023·南京中考)Last weekend, (hundred) of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall.
5.(2022·南京中考)Nanjing Museum is the (one) modern museum and remains as one of the leading museums in China.
语法专题集训
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2024·牡丹江中考)There are ______solar terms (节气) in a year. Lichun is the first one.
A.twenty-four
B.twenty-fourth
C.the twenty-fourth
D.twenty four
2.(2024·白银武威中考) June is the ______month of a year.
A.fifth B.sixth
C.seventh D.eighth
3.(2024·东营中考) I am ______child in my family. I have an elder brother and a younger sister.
A.one B.the first
C.the second D.the third
4.(2024·达州中考)—Why is Jenny so happy
—Because today is her ______wedding anniversary.
A.fifth B.the fifth
C.five D.fifths
5.(2024·龙东中考) Two ______dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ______it.
A.hundreds; to buy B.hundreds; buy
C.hundred; to buy D.hundred; buy
6.(2024·绥化中考) An ______boy, Li Wen, works hard and gets good grades in his final exam.
A.eighteen-year-olds
B.eighteen-year-old
C.eighteen years old
D.eighteen-years-old
7.(2023·凉山中考) My grandma told me the number “9” stands for “Long lasting”. So I chose the ______floor to live on.
A.nine B.eighth
C.ninth D.eight
8.(2023·齐齐哈尔中考)—This will be my ______visit to the Sun Island. I’m really excited.
—Really I can’t believe it. You’ve been in Harbin for a year.
A.first B.second C.third D.one
9.(2023·黑龙江绥化)About ______of my classmates help their parents do housework on weekends.
A.two fifths B.second five
C.second fifths D.two fifth
10.(2023·武威中考)—What’s thirty and ten
—It’s ______.
A.forty B.fifty
C.seventy D.eighty
11.(2023·牡丹江中考) Red Star over China(《红星照耀中国》)is so popular that ______of the students in our class have finished reading it.
A.two third B.two thirds
C.second three D.second thirds
12.(2023·阜新中考) China’s National Day comes in October, the ______month of the year.
A.eighth B.ninth
C.tenth D.eleventh
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2024·临夏州中考)May is the (five) month of the year.
2.(2024·龙东中考)Three (five) of the students in our class like playing basketball.
3.(2023·达州中考)A research shows that three (five) of the students like going hiking on weekends.
4.(2023·龙东中考) Harbin is a beautiful city. So (million) of people come here to enjoy snow every winter.
5.(2023·兰州中考) This piece of music is so beautiful that I’d like to listen to it a (two) time.专题四 数 词
表示数目多少或顺序次第的词叫作数词。数词包括基数词和序数词。
一、基数词
表示数目或者数量多少的词叫作基数词,其构成方式如下:
数 字 基数词形式 例 词
0~12 各自独立 zero 0;one 1;nine 9;twelve 12
13~19 3~9+重读teen结尾 特殊: thirteen 13; fifteen 15; eighteen 18 一般: fourteen 14; sixteen 16
20~90 (整十位数) 以ty结尾 twenty 20; thirty 30; forty 40; fifty 50; sixty 60; seventy 70; eighty 80; ninety 90
两位数(几十几) 整十位数-个位数 twenty-one 21; thirty-five 35; ninety-eight 98
多位数 从右向左数起,每隔三位数加一个逗号,依次为thousand(千),million(百万),billion(十亿),逗号中间三位数 76, 832, 154, 968 ↓ ↓ ↓ billion million thousand
【温馨提示】
1.hundred、thousand、million、billion等词跟在基数词后面时,用单数形式。如:
two hundred students二百名学生
three thousand sheep三千只绵羊
2.hundred、thousand、million、billion等词的复数形式,后接of短语,表示不确定的数目。如:
hundreds of dollars几百美元
millions of workers数百万工人
二、序数词
表示顺序的词叫作序数词,其构成方式如下:
数 字 序数词变化规则 例 词
1、2、3 不规则变化 first第一; second第二; third第三
4~19 基数词词尾加th 一般: fourth第四; nineteenth第十九 特殊: fifth第五; eighth第八; ninth第九; twelfth第十二
续表
数 字 序数词变化规则 例 词
20、30 ……90 y变为ie再加th twenty →twentieth 第二十 ninety →ninetieth 第九十
两位数或多位数(整 十、百……除外) 只变个位数(hundred、 thousand等只在词尾加th) twenty-third第二十三; one hundred and fifty-ninth第一百五十九; hundredth第一百
【助记】基数词变序数词规律
基变序,有规律,末尾加上-th。
一、二、三特殊记,面目全非要注意。
八去t,九去e,ve要用f替。
逢十改y为ie,后跟-th莫忘记。
若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。
三、数词的应用
名称 表 达 法 例 词
年份日期 月,日,年(日用序数词,年用基数词) 特别提示:年份的读法可先读前两位数,再读后两位数,读日时要加the 1997年3月21日—March the twenty-first,nineteen ninety-seven
日,月,年 (the+序数词+of+月,年) 2007年3月21日—the twenty-first of March,two thousand and seven
年 代 in+the+数词的复数形式 在18世纪20年代—in the 1720’s/1720s 读作:in the seventeen twenties
续表
名称 表 达 法 例 词
时 刻 顺读法:时在前,分在后,按基数词读 10:15 ten fifteen
逆读法:分在前,时在后 分钟≤30: 用“分+past+时”,表示“几点过几分” 7:05 five past seven 7:15 fifteen past seven 7:30 half past seven
分钟>30: 用“分+to+时”,表示“差几分到几点” 7:57 three to eight 11:46 fourteen to twelve 2:40 twenty to three
几刻钟 一刻钟:a quarter 三刻钟:three quarters
编 号 编号时,序号在前用序数词,序号在后用基数词 Lesson Twelve =the twelfth lesson
分 数 记忆口诀:分子基,分母序,分子大于1,分母加s 特别提示:通常用a/one half表示。用a/one quarter表示 one third two thirds four fifths three quarters(three fourths)
带分数:当分数前面带有整数时,要用连词and连接 2 two and two thirds
倍 数 英语用twice表示两倍,两倍以上用基数词加times表示 twice两倍 three times三倍 forty times四十倍
年龄
【温馨提示】
1.序数词前面通常要加定冠词the,但是如果序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、指示代词等限定词,则不加the。如:
It is my third time to visit Beijing.这是我第三次参观北京。
2.序数词前面如果出现不定冠词a或an,则表示“再一;又一”。如:
We’ve tried it twice. Must we try it a third time
我们已经试过两次了。我们必须再试一次吗
3.“分数/百分数+of+名词”作主语,谓语动词的单复数和名词的单复数保持一致。如果是单数或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数形式;如果是复数名词,谓语动词用复数形式。
One third of the water is clean.
三分之一的水是干净的。
Sixty percent of the workers are young people.
百分之六十的工人是年轻人。
4.“基数词-单数名词”或“基数词-单数名词-形容词”相当于复合形容词,只能作定语,后面必须跟名词,用于表示时间、距离、年龄、长度、宽度、高度、深度等。如:
a ten-minute walk步行10分钟的路程;
an 8-year-old boy一个8岁的男孩
3年淮安、江苏真题
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2023·镇江中考) Look at the picture. According to a survey among one hundred foreigners in Zhenjiang, ______of them come because they do business here.
Reasons why foreigners come to Zhenjiang
A.forty-five B.twenty-two
C.eighteen D.fifteen
2.(2022·宿迁中考) —People in our town planted ______trees on Tree Planting Day.
—Good job! Everyone can do something to make our town greener.
A.hundred B.hundred of
C.hundreds D.hundreds of
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2024·淮安中考)I live on the tenth(ten) floor.I can enjoy beautiful views of the city.
2.(2023·淮安中考)There are only 5 people waiting in front of me. I’m the sixth(six).
3.(2022·淮安中考) Lisa got the second(two) place in the Chinese Kung fu competition.
4.(2023·南京中考)Last weekend, hundreds(hundred) of students joined in the reading activity at the foot of the ancient Ming City Wall.
5.(2022·南京中考)Nanjing Museum is the first(one) modern museum and remains as one of the leading museums in China.
语法专题集训
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2024·牡丹江中考)There are ______solar terms (节气) in a year. Lichun is the first one.
A.twenty-four
B.twenty-fourth
C.the twenty-fourth
D.twenty four
2.(2024·白银武威中考) June is the ______month of a year.
A.fifth B.sixth
C.seventh D.eighth
3.(2024·东营中考) I am ______child in my family. I have an elder brother and a younger sister.
A.one B.the first
C.the second D.the third
4.(2024·达州中考)—Why is Jenny so happy
—Because today is her ______wedding anniversary.
A.fifth B.the fifth
C.five D.fifths
5.(2024·龙东中考) Two ______dollars is enough to buy the bike, but I can’t afford ______it.
A.hundreds; to buy B.hundreds; buy
C.hundred; to buy D.hundred; buy
6.(2024·绥化中考) An ______boy, Li Wen, works hard and gets good grades in his final exam.
A.eighteen-year-olds
B.eighteen-year-old
C.eighteen years old
D.eighteen-years-old
7.(2023·凉山中考) My grandma told me the number “9” stands for “Long lasting”. So I chose the ______floor to live on.
A.nine B.eighth
C.ninth D.eight
8.(2023·齐齐哈尔中考)—This will be my ______visit to the Sun Island. I’m really excited.
—Really I can’t believe it. You’ve been in Harbin for a year.
A.first B.second C.third D.one
9.(2023·黑龙江绥化)About ______of my classmates help their parents do housework on weekends.
A.two fifths B.second five
C.second fifths D.two fifth
10.(2023·武威中考)—What’s thirty and ten
—It’s ______.
A.forty B.fifty
C.seventy D.eighty
11.(2023·牡丹江中考) Red Star over China(《红星照耀中国》)is so popular that ______of the students in our class have finished reading it.
A.two third B.two thirds
C.second three D.second thirds
12.(2023·阜新中考) China’s National Day comes in October, the ______month of the year.
A.eighth B.ninth
C.tenth D.eleventh
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2024·临夏州中考)May is the fifth(five) month of the year.
2.(2024·龙东中考)Three fifths(five) of the students in our class like playing basketball.
3.(2023·达州中考)A research shows that three fifths(five) of the students like going hiking on weekends.
4.(2023·龙东中考) Harbin is a beautiful city. So millions(million) of people come here to enjoy snow every winter.
5.(2023·兰州中考) This piece of music is so beautiful that I’d like to listen to it a second(two) time.
