专题三 代 词
一、人称代词
1.人称代词的形式
人称代词可指人或物,有人称、数和格的变化
数 单 数 复 数
格 主 格 宾 格 主 格 宾 格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him - -
she her they them
it it - -
2.人称代词的用法
类别 成分 位置
主格 主语 动词前
宾格 宾语 动词后或介词后
表语 连系动词后
3.并列人称代词的顺序
场合 排序
单数 you+he/she+I
复数 we+you+they
男女并列 he+she
承担责任 I/me或we/us放在第一位
二、物主代词
1.物主代词的形式
类别 单 数 复 数
第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称
形容词性 物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
2.物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词位于名词前作定语。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,后面不能再跟名词,常作主语、宾语或表语,也可单独使用。
三、反身代词
1.反身代词的形式
反身代词指代某人自己,单数以-self结尾,复数以-selves结尾。
类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单 数 myself yourself himself、herself、 itself
复 数 ourselves yourselves themselves
2.反身代词的用法
成分 用法
作宾语 跟在动词之后:cut、enjoy、hurt、teach、help、dress、devote等
跟在介词之后:look after、depend on、take care of、take pride in、by oneself、for oneself等
作表语 跟在连系动词后,构成be oneself结构。如:I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服
作同位语 作主语或宾语的同位语,起强调主语或宾语的作用
易错提醒:反身代词不能单独作主语
四、指示代词
指示代词是用来指定或确认某人或某事物的代词。
单数 复数 用法
this这个 these这些 指近处。如:This is my pen. 这是我的钢笔。
that那个 those那些 指远处。如:That’s his book. 那是他的书。
【提醒】
(1)打电话时,this指自己,that指对方。
(2)为避免名词重复,that可代替上文的可数名词单数或不可数名词;those可代替上文的复数名词。
五、不定代词
不定代词是不明确指代某个(些)人或事物的代词,分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
1.普通不定代词
(1)some和any
some 用于肯定句中;用于表示建议、请求或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中
any 用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,意为“任何”, 起强调作用
(2)few、a few、little和a little
肯定意义 否定意义 用法
a few few 修饰可数名词复数
a little little 修饰不可数名词
(3)many和much
很多 many 修饰可数名词复数
much 修饰不可数名词
(4)no one和none
no one “没有人,无人”,相当于nobody, 不可跟of 结构 作主语时,谓语动词用单数,可用来回答who引导的疑问句
none “没有一个”,否定三个或三个以上的人或物,可跟of结构 可用来回答how many/how much引导的疑问句
(5)all、both、neither和either
all 三者或三者以上“都”
both 两者“都”
neither 两者都不
either 两者中任何一个
(6)other、another、the other、others和the others
不定代词 用法
other 意为“其他的,别的”,其后常跟复数名词,相当于others
another 指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”,可单独使用或后接可数名词单数,也可先跟基数词,再加复数名词
the other 表示两者中的“另一个”,常用结构为:one...the other...一个……另一个……
others 意为“另一些”,后面不能跟名词。常用结构为:some...others...一些……另一些……
the others 相当于“the other+复数名词”,表示其余所有的人或物
2.复合不定代词
(1)复合不定代词的形式
somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每人
someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人
something 某事;某物 anything 任何事 nothing 没有什么 everything 每件事;一切
(2)复合不定代词的用法
①复合不定代词作主语时看作单数,谓语动词用单数形式。
②形容词或else要置于复合不定代词之后。
③由“some/any+body/one/thing”所构成的复合不定代词的区别同some、any。
④something、someone、somebody用于疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,希望得到肯定答复。
⑤anything、anyone、anybody用于肯定句中,意为“任何……”,起强调作用。
六、疑问代词
疑问代词 意义 基本用法
who 谁 主语、表语、宾语
whom 谁 宾语(who的宾格)
whose 谁的 主语、表语、宾语、定语(who的所有格,后接名词或单独使用)
what 什么 主语、表语、宾语、定语(后接名词或单独使用)
which 哪个 主语、表语、宾语、定语(后接名词或单独使用)
3年淮安、江苏真题
单项选择
1.(2024·淮安中考) —Oh! I forgot to bring ______ruler.
—Don’t worry.I can share mine with you.
A.I B.me C.my D.mine
2.(2023·淮安中考)My teacher Miss Chen often helps me with my English. I thank ______very much.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
3.(2024·无锡中考)______ is the girl wearing a scarf Is she your sister
A.Who B.Which
C.What D.Where
4.(2024·无锡中考)Oh, come on! Stop telling me what to do. Mind ______own business.
A.you B.your C.us D.our
5.(2024·无锡中考)We’re looking for ______who can deal with the new computer virus.
A.someone B.everyone
C.something D.everything
6.(2024·常州中考)Little Mary was proud of ______because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.
A.herself B.hers C.she D.her
7.(2023·南京中考)—Today is Father’s Day.What are you going to do for your dad
—I’ve made a card for ______, Mum.
A.her B.him C.his D.himself
8.(2023·徐州中考)______ other nurses in the hospital have worked here longer than Helen; only Lucy and Mary started working here before her.
A.All B.Most C.Some D.Few
9.(2023·常州中考)I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don’t like ______of them very much.
A.either B.any
C.neither D.none
10.(2023·扬州中考)The children have painted since ______could first pick up a brush.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
11.(2023·连云港中考) Your school library looks as modern as ______. Can you show me around
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
12.(2022·南京中考)Children often hurt ______when they play that game.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
语法专题集训
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2024·东营中考)—It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying.
—Me too.______ here is so nice. I love the city.
A.Nothing B.Anything
C.Something D.Everything
2.(2024·雅安中考)—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ______
—No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.
A.you B.yours C.your D.yourself
3.(2024·白银武威中考) Mark just phoned to say he’ d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ______
A.mine B.hers C.his D.its
4.(2024·河北中考) —Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch
—No, ______is pink.
A.his B.mine C.hers D.yours
5.(2024·雅安中考)—Tommy, is there ______in the classroom now
—No. All the students are having a P. E.lesson on the playground.
A.everybody B.somebody
C.anybody D.nobody
6.(2024·达州中考)—Tina, did you buy ______when you went to Dazhou last month
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A.anything special B.special anything
C.something special D.special something
7.(2024·滨州中考)—I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao.
—Yes, ______could say no to it there.
A.everybody B.nobody
C.somebody D.anybody
8.(2024·龙东中考)Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ______Chinese.
A.a few B.a little
C.little D.few
9.(2024·天津中考) When ______parents went away on business, I looked after ______.
A.my; myself B.my; mine
C.me; myself D.me; mine
10.(2023·绥化中考)—What are ______, do you know
—I think they are smart watches.
A.it B.this C.those D.that
11.(2023·黔东南、黔南、黔西南三州中考) Welcome you all to China and enjoy ______here.
A.yourself B.yourselves
C.themselves D.himself
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2024·云南中考)Nie Er is a great musician in China. We all take pride in (he).
2.(2024·临夏州中考)Tina had to look after (she) younger sister at home last weekend.
3.(2024·武威中考)The cat lay on the sofa, washing (it).
4.(2024·达州)There is something wrong with my computer. Could I use (you)
5.(2024·龙东中考)We enjoyed (our) at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.专题三 代 词
一、人称代词
1.人称代词的形式
人称代词可指人或物,有人称、数和格的变化
数 单 数 复 数
格 主 格 宾 格 主 格 宾 格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him - -
she her they them
it it - -
2.人称代词的用法
类别 成分 位置
主格 主语 动词前
宾格 宾语 动词后或介词后
表语 连系动词后
3.并列人称代词的顺序
场合 排序
单数 you+he/she+I
复数 we+you+they
男女并列 he+she
承担责任 I/me或we/us放在第一位
二、物主代词
1.物主代词的形式
类别 单 数 复 数
第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称 第一 人称 第二 人称 第三 人称
形容词性 物主代词 my your his her its our your their
名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers its ours yours theirs
2.物主代词的用法
(1)形容词性物主代词位于名词前作定语。
(2)名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,后面不能再跟名词,常作主语、宾语或表语,也可单独使用。
三、反身代词
1.反身代词的形式
反身代词指代某人自己,单数以-self结尾,复数以-selves结尾。
类别 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单 数 myself yourself himself、herself、 itself
复 数 ourselves yourselves themselves
2.反身代词的用法
成分 用法
作宾语 跟在动词之后:cut、enjoy、hurt、teach、help、dress、devote等
跟在介词之后:look after、depend on、take care of、take pride in、by oneself、for oneself等
作表语 跟在连系动词后,构成be oneself结构。如:I am not myself today. 我今天不舒服
作同位语 作主语或宾语的同位语,起强调主语或宾语的作用
易错提醒:反身代词不能单独作主语
四、指示代词
指示代词是用来指定或确认某人或某事物的代词。
单数 复数 用法
this这个 these这些 指近处。如:This is my pen. 这是我的钢笔。
that那个 those那些 指远处。如:That’s his book. 那是他的书。
【提醒】
(1)打电话时,this指自己,that指对方。
(2)为避免名词重复,that可代替上文的可数名词单数或不可数名词;those可代替上文的复数名词。
五、不定代词
不定代词是不明确指代某个(些)人或事物的代词,分为普通不定代词和复合不定代词。
1.普通不定代词
(1)some和any
some 用于肯定句中;用于表示建议、请求或希望得到对方肯定回答的疑问句中
any 用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中;用于肯定句中,意为“任何”, 起强调作用
(2)few、a few、little和a little
肯定意义 否定意义 用法
a few few 修饰可数名词复数
a little little 修饰不可数名词
(3)many和much
很多 many 修饰可数名词复数
much 修饰不可数名词
(4)no one和none
no one “没有人,无人”,相当于nobody, 不可跟of 结构 作主语时,谓语动词用单数,可用来回答who引导的疑问句
none “没有一个”,否定三个或三个以上的人或物,可跟of结构 可用来回答how many/how much引导的疑问句
(5)all、both、neither和either
all 三者或三者以上“都”
both 两者“都”
neither 两者都不
either 两者中任何一个
(6)other、another、the other、others和the others
不定代词 用法
other 意为“其他的,别的”,其后常跟复数名词,相当于others
another 指三者或三者以上的人或物中的“另一个”,可单独使用或后接可数名词单数,也可先跟基数词,再加复数名词
the other 表示两者中的“另一个”,常用结构为:one...the other...一个……另一个……
others 意为“另一些”,后面不能跟名词。常用结构为:some...others...一些……另一些……
the others 相当于“the other+复数名词”,表示其余所有的人或物
2.复合不定代词
(1)复合不定代词的形式
somebody 某人 anybody 任何人 nobody 没有人 everybody 每人
someone 某人 anyone 任何人 no one 没有人 everyone 每人
something 某事;某物 anything 任何事 nothing 没有什么 everything 每件事;一切
(2)复合不定代词的用法
①复合不定代词作主语时看作单数,谓语动词用单数形式。
②形容词或else要置于复合不定代词之后。
③由“some/any+body/one/thing”所构成的复合不定代词的区别同some、any。
④something、someone、somebody用于疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,希望得到肯定答复。
⑤anything、anyone、anybody用于肯定句中,意为“任何……”,起强调作用。
六、疑问代词
疑问代词 意义 基本用法
who 谁 主语、表语、宾语
whom 谁 宾语(who的宾格)
whose 谁的 主语、表语、宾语、定语(who的所有格,后接名词或单独使用)
what 什么 主语、表语、宾语、定语(后接名词或单独使用)
which 哪个 主语、表语、宾语、定语(后接名词或单独使用)
3年淮安、江苏真题
单项选择
1.(2024·淮安中考) —Oh! I forgot to bring ______ruler.
—Don’t worry.I can share mine with you.
A.I B.me C.my D.mine
2.(2023·淮安中考)My teacher Miss Chen often helps me with my English. I thank ______very much.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
3.(2024·无锡中考)______ is the girl wearing a scarf Is she your sister
A.Who B.Which
C.What D.Where
4.(2024·无锡中考)Oh, come on! Stop telling me what to do. Mind ______own business.
A.you B.your C.us D.our
5.(2024·无锡中考)We’re looking for ______who can deal with the new computer virus.
A.someone B.everyone
C.something D.everything
6.(2024·常州中考)Little Mary was proud of ______because she taught Uncle Li how to borrow books online.
A.herself B.hers C.she D.her
7.(2023·南京中考)—Today is Father’s Day.What are you going to do for your dad
—I’ve made a card for ______, Mum.
A.her B.him C.his D.himself
8.(2023·徐州中考)______ other nurses in the hospital have worked here longer than Helen; only Lucy and Mary started working here before her.
A.All B.Most C.Some D.Few
9.(2023·常州中考)I’ve visited New York and Los Angeles, but I don’t like ______of them very much.
A.either B.any
C.neither D.none
10.(2023·扬州中考)The children have painted since ______could first pick up a brush.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
11.(2023·连云港中考) Your school library looks as modern as ______. Can you show me around
A.we B.us C.our D.ours
12.(2022·南京中考)Children often hurt ______when they play that game.
A.they B.them
C.their D.themselves
语法专题集训
Ⅰ.单项选择
1.(2024·东营中考)—It is my first time taking a vacation in Dongying.
—Me too.______ here is so nice. I love the city.
A.Nothing B.Anything
C.Something D.Everything
2.(2024·雅安中考)—Amy, there is a book on the floor. Is it ______
—No, it’s not mine. My book is on the desk.
A.you B.yours C.your D.yourself
3.(2024·白银武威中考) Mark just phoned to say he’ d left his coat behind. Do you know if this is ______
A.mine B.hers C.his D.its
4.(2024·河北中考) —Mary, is this your sister’s smartwatch
—No, ______is pink.
A.his B.mine C.hers D.yours
5.(2024·雅安中考)—Tommy, is there ______in the classroom now
—No. All the students are having a P. E.lesson on the playground.
A.everybody B.somebody
C.anybody D.nobody
6.(2024·达州中考)—Tina, did you buy ______when you went to Dazhou last month
—Of course. I bought some Dengying Beef for my parents.
A.anything special B.special anything
C.something special D.special something
7.(2024·滨州中考)—I heard that people in Paris stood in a long line to buy Chinese xiaolongbao.
—Yes, ______could say no to it there.
A.everybody B.nobody
C.somebody D.anybody
8.(2024·龙东中考)Tom has been in Shanghai for five years, so he can speak ______Chinese.
A.a few B.a little
C.little D.few
9.(2024·天津中考) When ______parents went away on business, I looked after ______.
A.my; myself B.my; mine
C.me; myself D.me; mine
10.(2023·绥化中考)—What are ______, do you know
—I think they are smart watches.
A.it B.this C.those D.that
11.(2023·黔东南、黔南、黔西南三州中考) Welcome you all to China and enjoy ______here.
A.yourself B.yourselves
C.themselves D.himself
Ⅱ.用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空
1.(2024·云南中考)Nie Er is a great musician in China. We all take pride in him(he).
2.(2024·临夏州中考)Tina had to look after her(she) younger sister at home last weekend.
3.(2024·武威中考)The cat lay on the sofa, washing itself(it).
4.(2024·达州)There is something wrong with my computer. Could I use yours(you)
5.(2024·龙东中考)We enjoyed ourselves(our) at Zhaolin Park last Sunday.
