Unit 5 What an adventure! Understanding ideas 语言点 课件（共41张，内嵌音频）2024-2025学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修3
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| 名称 | Unit 5 What an adventure! Understanding ideas 语言点 课件（共41张，内嵌音频）2024-2025学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修3 |  | |
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| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-04-27 12:14:16 | ||
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(共41张PPT)
Unit 5 Understanding ideas
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA:
WORTH THE RISK
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
语言点课件
词汇短语复习巩固
Words and expressions
initial adj. 开始的，最初的 65
thus adv. 因此，从而 65
zone n. 地区，地带 66
oxygen n. 氧气 66
border n. 国界，边界 66
confirm v. 证实，证明 66
crowd n. 人群 66
sheer adj. 纯粹的，十足的 67
bring... into focus 使……成为焦点 67
attempt n. 努力，尝试 67
failure n. 失败 67
psychologist n. 心理学家 68
thrill n. 惊险，刺激 68
重点词汇
(Ⅰ)基础词汇
1．____________ adv.因此，从而
2．____________ n．人群
3．____________ n．努力，尝试
(Ⅱ)拓展词汇
4．____________ v. 证实，证明→ confirmation n．证实；确认
5．____________ n．失败→ fail vi.& vt.失败；不及格；使失望
thus
crowd
attempt
confirm
failure
重点短语
1．________________ 寻找
2．________________ 乘船
3．________________ 打开，开放
4．________________ 取道；途经
5．________________ 大笔的钱
6．________________ 丧命
7．________________ 挣钱
in search of
by sea
open up
by way of
good money
lose one's life
make money
重点短语
8．________________ 成功做某事
9．________________ 结束某人的性命，杀死某人
10．________________ 与……相似
11．________________ 使……成为焦点；使清楚起来
12．________________ 转身
13．________________ 集中(注意力、精力等)于
14．________________ 理解；计算出
succeed in doing
take one's life
be similar to
bring...into focus
turn around
focus on
figure out
重点短语
15．________________ 冒险
16．________________ 将……称为……
17．________________ 代表；象征；表示
18．________________ 与……有关；与……相连
19．________________ 从……中受益，得益于
20．________________ 取决于某人
refer to...as...
stand for
be connected to
benefit from
be up to sb.
take a risk/risks
课文语法结构分析
Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds, discomfort and danger. Many would become sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, and a few would even lose their lives. Yet, despite all this, by the end of the trip many were already planning to return. For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful.
Para. 1
现在分词短语作结果状语，在make+名词/代词+do sth. 复合结构中，并列连词and之后others的后面省略了feel。
关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰an experience, 在从句中作主语。they knew是插入语。
动名词短语作主语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
非同一般；独一无二。
British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of climbing Qomolangma, “What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. That is what life means and what life is for.” Sadly, Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924, although his body would not be found until many years later. It is still not known if he succeed in reaching the top of Qomolangma before it took his life.
Para. 2
although引导让步状语从句
what引导主语从句，指代get后的内容。
what引导表语从句，并在从句中分别作means和for的宾语。
英国登山家乔治 马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
前面It为形式主语，if引导主语从句，是真正主语。
before引导时间状语从句
In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. “It brings into focus what’s important to you.” He added, “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical, as well as mental, toughness to push when you want to stop.”
Para. 3
if引导宾语从句，作figure out的宾语。
who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代Alan。
that引导定语从句，修饰the one reason，在从句中作主语。
2011年，美国登山家艾伦 阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一年他登上了珠峰，之后有准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
形容词短语作定语，修饰words。
使……成为焦点
when引导时间状语从句。
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure, is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature, with some of us more likely to take risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars, as well as those who climb Qomolangma. He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”, with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
Para. 4
who引导定语从句，修饰people。
独立主格结构“with+宾语+宾补（现在分词）”结构作原因状语，其中to climb Qomolangma作定语修饰attempts。
that引导宾语从句，作indicate的宾语。
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰克 法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飙车以及攀登珠峰的人。他把那些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
who引导定语从句，修饰those。
“with+名词+现在分词”复合结构作伴随状语。
Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities, Farley said, “They’ll say, ‘I’m not taking risks, I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
With this in mind, are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks It’s totally up to you.
Para. 5
“with+名词+介词短语”复合结构作时间状语。
现在分词短语作时间状语
that引导的宾语从句，作suggests的宾语。
在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时， 法利说道：“他们会说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家...’。 他们并不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
还有的研究表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。
了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？答案完全取决于你自己。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
不定式短语作定语，修饰desire。
受益于，得益于
词组短语用法解析
1
good money (an amount of money that you think is large)高薪；相当多的钱；赚大钱；有利可图的钱
His father paid good money for the once-in-a-lifetime experience of walking the Inca Trail.
他的父亲花了一大笔钱，让他踏上一生难得一次的印加古道。
What should I do --- I, who have paid my good money for him
我该怎么办？我已经为他付了不少钱了。
Now I’m making good money, so it should be my turn.
现在，我的收入很好，所以这次应该轮到我了。
Look after that watch your father gave you; he paid good money for it.
照看好你爸给你的那块表，他花了许多钱买到的。
My love for the sea makes good money.
我对大海的热爱能赚大钱。
2
would include 这里是过去将来时态，表示过去某个时间点对未来的看法。
This would include taking action against corruption.
这将包括采取反腐败行动。
This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city.
这个广义的定义，当然会包括穿过街道或穿过城市。
Though Woo didn't name any actors, he said the cast would include Chinese and Hollywood stars.
吴宇森没有透露演员名字，但表示国内和好莱坞都会有演员加盟。
The deal would include the release of an Israeli soldier held by Hamas in the Gaza Strip since 2006.
这项协议包括释放一名自2006年起被哈马斯扣押在加沙地带的一名以色列士兵。
3
like no other与众不同，独一无二；和别处不一样；非同一般。
This is a book like no other.这是一本与众不同的书。
But really, this place is like no other.但是真的，这里和别处不一样。
Switzerland is unique and truly a land like no other.
瑞士的美丽无与伦比，独一无二。
It will undoubtedly be a World Cup like no other.
这将是前所未有的一届世界杯。
Before that fall I skated very difficult program with combinations like no other skaters.
在摔倒之前，我已经滑过难度很高的组合，这是其他任何选手都没有做过的。
This feeling's like no other. I want you to know I've never had someone that knows me like you do the way you do.
这感觉独一无二。我要你知道从未有人像你那样、以你的方式了解我。
4
write of 记述，写到，描述
Tom write very movingly of her sister Amy’s suicide.
汤姆把她妹妹艾米的自杀写得非常令人伤感。
When they write of their childhoods, it could be a description of a gifted child’s life.
当他们写道自己的童年时，可能总是描述为一个天才儿童的生活写照。
They write of some very personal things.他们写了一些非常私人的东西。
I don’t know what to write of today’s topic.
今天的话题，不知道写点什么好了！
I write of unschooling to show kids they need no teacher but themselves.
我把自主学习当作题材，告诉孩子们他们学要得是自己而不是老师。
5
We do not live to eat and make money. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. 我们活着不是为了吃饭挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。
Similarly:
We do not live to eat and make money.
我们不为了吃饭和赚钱而活着。
We do not live to eat, but eat to live.
我们活着要吃饭，但不是为了吃饭而活着。
We do not live in order to eat.
我们不是为食而生。
We eat to live, but do not live to eat.
我们吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。
6
make money 赚钱；挣钱；发财致富
The fact is, they’re there to make money.
真实的情况是，他们去那儿是为了赚钱。
He was a businessman, and therefore he always has an eye out for any opportunity to make money. 他是商人，总见钱眼开。
If you want to make money, you've got to think money.
你要想赚钱，就得一门心思琢磨钱。《牛津词典》
People thought they were all crazy to try to make money from manufacturing.
人们认为他们都试着从制造业中赚钱太傻了。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Tourists make money for a city.
游客为城市赚钱。
I can make money with short videos.
我可以用短视频赚钱。
7
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事；在……获得成功；顺利完成
The people who succeed in life are the people who want to.
在生活中成功的人，是那些想要成功的人。
If you want to succeed in your studies and in work, the first qualification is
honestly.
如果你想在学习和工作中成功，要求的第一品质就是诚信。
Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.
只有通过努力工作，我们才能获得成功。
What should you do if you want to succeed in doing something
如果你想做成某事，你应该做什么？
You have got to succeed in doing what is necessary.
你要在必须做的事情上成功。
8
take one’s life (=to kill someone) 取某人的性命；结束某人的生命；葬送某人的性命
The Himalayas have taken the lives of countless mountain climbers.
喜马拉雅山夺走了无数登山者的生命。
I came here to take your life.
我来取你的性命。
What he is doing now is taking his own life.
他现在做的是在葬送他自己的性命。
It is his blow that takes the little animal’s life.
正是他的那一击要了这只小动物的命。
Don't take his own life compared with others, you don't know what others experience.
别拿自己的生活和别人的相比，你并不知道别人究竟经历过什么。
9
bring... into focus(=if you bring something into focus, people start to talk about it and pay attention to it.) 使……成为关注焦点；对好焦距；聚焦；使变得清楚
People have recently brought these issues into focus.
人们最近开始关注这些问题。
Bring the object into focus if you want a good/sharp photograph.
如果你想拍一张好照片，把物体对准在焦点上。
This will broaden your horizons and bring new ideas and opportunities into focus.
这将会开阔你的视野，为你关注的事物带来新的想法与机会。
Events such as the March 5th shooting at a high school in San Diego bring the problem into focus.
比如三月五日在圣地亚哥一所高中学校发生的枪击事件，成为问题的焦点。
10
focus on 集中于，关注于；聚焦；专注于
Then focus on the next goal. 然后关注与下一个目标。
Remember to focus on what you want to do and insist on it.
记住要把注意力集中到你想要多的事情并坚持住。
Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.
每个练习各有不同的语法重点。
He focused his blue eyes on her.
他那蓝色的眼睛注视着她。
We're going to focus on the worst case.
我们会去关注最坏的情况。
Nevertheless, you should always focus on quality, not quantity.
无论如何，你应该始终关注质量，而不是数量。
11
be unique to sb./sth. 对……来说是独特的（特有的）
The koala is unique to Australia. 树袋熊是澳大利亚独有的。
This kind of animals is unique to the nature. 这种动物自然界中独一无二。
The beautiful sights in this area is unique to the buildings.
这一地区的美景与这些高楼建筑形成独特一景。
No one knows for sure why adolescence is unique to humans.
没人确切知道为什么青春期是人类独有的。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
None of this is unique to our farm.
所有这些对于我们的农场来说都不是特有的。
Nobody's problems are unique to themselves.
无论谁遇到的问题都不是是独一无二的。
12
force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人干某事
Ill health forced him to retire early.身体状况不佳迫使他提前退休。
I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
最后一班公共汽车已经开走，所以我只好坐了一辆出租汽车。
She forced herself to be polite to them. 他对他们强装客气。
Some parents would dismiss their children's dreams as worthless and force them to give up their dreams.
有些父母会认为自己孩子的梦想是没有价值的，并且强迫他们的孩子放弃这些梦想。
No one around you can escape. Why force them to listen to your chitchat
你身边无人可以幸免，别人凭什么非得听你叽叽喳喳？
Experts say babies are often the best judge of when they've had enough, so don't force them to take in more food.
专家说宝宝能够很好的判断他们什么时候吃饱了，所以不要强迫宝宝多吃食物。
13
figure out(= to understand or to find the answer to something by thinking carefully about it) 解决；算出；想出；理解；思考；断定
We had to figure out the connection between the two events.
我们必须找出这两件事之间的联系。
Let them figure out the answer without you.
让他们在你不在的情况下去找到答案。
He tried to figure out what he was doing.
他尽力想要思考他在做什么。
I couldn’t figure out how to solve these problem.
我想不明白怎么解决这些问题。
Because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills. 因为很少有人能想出如何处理塑料，大部分塑料最终被掩埋在垃圾填埋场。
14
human nature 人类天性；人类本性；人之常情；人性
It is part of our human nature to value and desire good health.
对良好健康的珍视和向往是我们人类本性的一部分。
Chatting is human nature. 聊天是人之常情。
The relationship between a parent and a child is from basic human nature.
父母和孩子之间的关系源于人类的本性。
The war was a paradigm of the destructive side of human nature.
那场战争尽显人性中具有破坏性的一面。《牛津词典》
Indeed, it was just a small thing, but showing the kindness of human nature.
的确，这只是一件小事，却体现了人性的善良。
15
attempt n. 企图，试图；尝试 vt. 企图，试图；尝试
They made no attempt to escape.
他们没有企图逃跑。
Someone has made an attempt on the President’s life.
有人企图刺杀总统。
I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
我考汽车驾照一次就通过了。
I will attempt to answer all your questions.
我将努力回答你的全部问题。
Do not attempt to repair this yourself.
不要试图自己修理这个东西。
The couple made an unsuccessful attempt at a compromise.
这对夫妇试图和解但未成功。《牛津词典》
16
refer to... as... 把……称为…… ; 把……看做……
This ability is what most people refer to as stress.
这种能力就是大多数人称为的压力。
You can refer to Toyota as a car, but you cannot refer to a car as a Toyota.
你可以称丰田是一辆车，但却不能把任何车叫做丰田。
We referred to them as the greatest scientists.
我们都把他们称之为最伟大的科学家。
We are entering what some in the technology industry refer to as a post-PC era.
我们已经步入一个管科技产业为后个人电脑的时代。
Would you like to make a living from the activity that you now refer to as
a hobby
你愿意靠现在自己当做业余爱好的活动生活吗？
17
stand for 代表；支持；忍受；容忍
They know what they stand for. 他们知道他们代表什么。
What does the E stand for E代表的是什么？
I want to know what she stands for before I’ll vote for her.
在我投她的票之前，我想知道她主张的是什么？
I won’t stand for being treated like a child.
我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待。
People believe that two "ninths" meeting together stand for a long life.
人们相信两个“九”在一起代表长寿。
The symbols of the map key stand for different places.
地图图例代表着不同的地方。
They see no reason to stand for it again.
他们认为没有再忍受下去的理由。
18
speak to sb. 对……说话/讲话
speaking of 说到，谈到；谈及
Who are you speaking to 你正在和谁说话？
When speaking to a stranger, ask them where they are from and then make a connection with that place. 和陌生人说话的时，可以问问他们从哪儿来然后找到自己跟那个地方的联系。
Speaking of the US dollar, I think this is what we should worry about.
说到美元这个话题，我认为这才是我们应当担心的问题。
Speaking of influences on China, will there be more hot money and what measures should China take
说到对中国的影响，中国是否会面临更多的热钱流入，中国应该采取什么样的对策。
Speaking of eyes, children need to learn to take eye contact.
提及眼睛，孩子们需要学会眼神交流。
19
expect to do sth. 期待做某事；预料会做某事；指望做某事
The rent was much more than we had expected to pay.
租金比我们预计要付的多得多。
I looked back, half expecting to see someone following me.
我回过头去，想着可能看到有人跟着我。
I do expect to have some time to myself in the evenings.
我真期待晚上能有点儿自己的时间。
The students here do not expect to be spoon-fed.
这儿的学生不希望教师满堂灌。《牛津词典》
We expect to see further improvement over the coming year.
我们期望来年会有更进一步的改善。《牛津词典》
You cannot expect to like all the people you will work with.
你不能指望喜欢所有和你一起工作的人。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
20
seek vt. 寻求；寻找；探索；谋取(sought---sought)
Drivers are advised to seek alternative routes.
司机被告知须另寻其他路线。
They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.
他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。
She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。
On important issues, they seek a second opinion.
在重要问题上，他们都征求别人的意见。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
We finally insisted that he seek psychiatric help.
我们最后坚持让他寻求精神病治疗方面的帮助。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
He also denied that he would seek to annex the country.
他还否认了他企图并吞该国。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
21
benefit from 从……受益；受益于……;因……而得到好处
Both sides have benefited from the talks.双方都从谈判中获益。
Who will exactly benefit from these changes
谁将从这些改革中受益？
After a hard talk, the company benefited from the money donated by the boss.
经过艰苦谈判，这家公司从老板捐赠的资金获得利益。
Children of every age benefit from patient parenting.
每个年龄段的孩子们都从耐心的养育中受益。
Young people benefit from various kinds of outdoor activities.
年轻人能从各种户外活动中受益。
They are unlikely to extract much benefit from the trip.
他们不大可能从这次旅行中获得多大益处。《牛津词典》
The company would benefit from a little pruning here and there.
公司如能处处精简一点，必将获益。《牛津词典》
22
with sth. in mind 怀有……想法；心里想着……；心里惦着；考虑到这一点
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.
一个小时之后，我突然醒来，心里明白该怎么做了。
These families need support. With this in mind a group of 35 specialists met last weekend.
这些家庭需要资助。怀着这个想法，35人的专家组上周末聚在了一起。
He was no longer a young man. With this in mind he slowed down the car.
他已经不再是个年轻人了。考虑到这一点，他放慢了车速。
We have designed this type of robot with this in mind.
基于这一理念我们已设计出这款机器人。
With that in mind, lying hardly seems worth it.
鉴于这个，说谎似乎就很不值得。
23
be up to sb. 取决于某人；由……决定
I’ll leave it up to you to use your discretion.
我把这件事留给你自己斟酌决定。
--- Shall we have red wine or white --- It’s up to you.
--- 我们来点红酒还是白酒？ ---你看着办吧。
It’s up to you to deal with the car accident caused by overloading the other day.
由你来处理这场前几天因为超载所造成的车祸。
We're up to our eyes in work.
我们工作忙得不可开交。《牛津词典》
I'll be up to see you tomorrow.
我明天上来看你。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
His work isn't up to much.
他的活儿做得不怎么样。《牛津词典》
24
...the first European to reach India by sea 动词不定式作后置定语用法，意思是：第一位乘船到达印度的欧洲人。
▲句中 to reach India by sea为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first European。
He was the first one to think of the idea. 他是第一个想到这一点的人。
Mei Lanfang was the first one to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners.
梅兰芳是将京剧介绍给外国人的第一人。
He was the first one to top the mountain peak. 他是第一个登上山顶的人。
Alison was the first one to start. 艾莉森是第一个开始的人。
You're not the first one to complain.
你不是第一个投诉这件事的人。
I'll be the first one to admit it: I don't like working hard.
我将是第一个承认这一点的人：我不喜欢努力工作。
24
...the first European to reach India by sea 动词不定式作后置定语用法，意思是：第一位乘船到达印度的欧洲人。
动词不定式作后置定语用法小结：
(1)当名词前有序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，多用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)当被修饰的词为something，nothing，anything等不定代词时，常用不定式作后置定语。
(3)有些名词的同根词跟不定式，因而它们也常跟不定式作定语，常见的有promise，plan，offer，decision，ability，warning等。
完成句子
①他是第三个到达山顶的人。
He is ____________________________________________．
②没有什么可担心的。There is nothing ____________________．
③我想知道他是否有能力做这项工作。
I wonder if he has the ability __________________．
the third one to get to the top of the mountain
to worry about
to do the work
语法填空
Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on 1.____ experience that they knew would include crowds, discomfort and 2._________(dangerous). Many would become sick, due to the 3._________ (extremely) cold and low air pressure，and a few would even lose their 4.______ (life). For these people, 5._________ (climb) Qomolangma is an experience which makes some feel weak and others, powerful. For them，what they get from the adventure is just sheer joy. That is what life 6._______ (mean). It brings into focus 7.______ is important to you and forces you to look deep inside 8.________(you). A psychologist refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”．Although the climbers may say they are experts but are not taking risks，they don't expect 9._______ (die). Our desire to seek risks can be connected to 10.______ much we expect to benefit from the result.
an
danger
extreme
lives
climbing
means
what
yourself
to die
how
Recite all the phrases and sentence structures we have learnt in class.
Homework
Unit 5 Understanding ideas
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA:
WORTH THE RISK
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
语言点课件
词汇短语复习巩固
Words and expressions
initial adj. 开始的，最初的 65
thus adv. 因此，从而 65
zone n. 地区，地带 66
oxygen n. 氧气 66
border n. 国界，边界 66
confirm v. 证实，证明 66
crowd n. 人群 66
sheer adj. 纯粹的，十足的 67
bring... into focus 使……成为焦点 67
attempt n. 努力，尝试 67
failure n. 失败 67
psychologist n. 心理学家 68
thrill n. 惊险，刺激 68
重点词汇
(Ⅰ)基础词汇
1．____________ adv.因此，从而
2．____________ n．人群
3．____________ n．努力，尝试
(Ⅱ)拓展词汇
4．____________ v. 证实，证明→ confirmation n．证实；确认
5．____________ n．失败→ fail vi.& vt.失败；不及格；使失望
thus
crowd
attempt
confirm
failure
重点短语
1．________________ 寻找
2．________________ 乘船
3．________________ 打开，开放
4．________________ 取道；途经
5．________________ 大笔的钱
6．________________ 丧命
7．________________ 挣钱
in search of
by sea
open up
by way of
good money
lose one's life
make money
重点短语
8．________________ 成功做某事
9．________________ 结束某人的性命，杀死某人
10．________________ 与……相似
11．________________ 使……成为焦点；使清楚起来
12．________________ 转身
13．________________ 集中(注意力、精力等)于
14．________________ 理解；计算出
succeed in doing
take one's life
be similar to
bring...into focus
turn around
focus on
figure out
重点短语
15．________________ 冒险
16．________________ 将……称为……
17．________________ 代表；象征；表示
18．________________ 与……有关；与……相连
19．________________ 从……中受益，得益于
20．________________ 取决于某人
refer to...as...
stand for
be connected to
benefit from
be up to sb.
take a risk/risks
课文语法结构分析
Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds, discomfort and danger. Many would become sick, due to the extreme cold and low air pressure, and a few would even lose their lives. Yet, despite all this, by the end of the trip many were already planning to return. For these people, climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other, making some feel weak and others, powerful.
Para. 1
现在分词短语作结果状语，在make+名词/代词+do sth. 复合结构中，并列连词and之后others的后面省略了feel。
关系代词that引导定语从句，修饰an experience, 在从句中作主语。they knew是插入语。
动名词短语作主语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
非同一般；独一无二。
British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of climbing Qomolangma, “What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. That is what life means and what life is for.” Sadly, Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924, although his body would not be found until many years later. It is still not known if he succeed in reaching the top of Qomolangma before it took his life.
Para. 2
although引导让步状语从句
what引导主语从句，指代get后的内容。
what引导表语从句，并在从句中分别作means和for的宾语。
英国登山家乔治 马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
前面It为形式主语，if引导主语从句，是真正主语。
before引导时间状语从句
In 2011, words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette, who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world. “It brings into focus what’s important to you.” He added, “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going. You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical, as well as mental, toughness to push when you want to stop.”
Para. 3
if引导宾语从句，作figure out的宾语。
who引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代Alan。
that引导定语从句，修饰the one reason，在从句中作主语。
2011年，美国登山家艾伦 阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一年他登上了珠峰，之后有准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
形容词短语作定语，修饰words。
使……成为焦点
when引导时间状语从句。
With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure, is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature, with some of us more likely to take risks than others. Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars, as well as those who climb Qomolangma. He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”, with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
Para. 4
who引导定语从句，修饰people。
独立主格结构“with+宾语+宾补（现在分词）”结构作原因状语，其中to climb Qomolangma作定语修饰attempts。
that引导宾语从句，作indicate的宾语。
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰克 法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飙车以及攀登珠峰的人。他把那些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
who引导定语从句，修饰those。
“with+名词+现在分词”复合结构作伴随状语。
Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities, Farley said, “They’ll say, ‘I’m not taking risks, I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
With this in mind, are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks It’s totally up to you.
Para. 5
“with+名词+介词短语”复合结构作时间状语。
现在分词短语作时间状语
that引导的宾语从句，作suggests的宾语。
在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时， 法利说道：“他们会说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家...’。 他们并不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
还有的研究表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少收益有关。
了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？答案完全取决于你自己。
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？ 攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
不定式短语作定语，修饰desire。
受益于，得益于
词组短语用法解析
1
good money (an amount of money that you think is large)高薪；相当多的钱；赚大钱；有利可图的钱
His father paid good money for the once-in-a-lifetime experience of walking the Inca Trail.
他的父亲花了一大笔钱，让他踏上一生难得一次的印加古道。
What should I do --- I, who have paid my good money for him
我该怎么办？我已经为他付了不少钱了。
Now I’m making good money, so it should be my turn.
现在，我的收入很好，所以这次应该轮到我了。
Look after that watch your father gave you; he paid good money for it.
照看好你爸给你的那块表，他花了许多钱买到的。
My love for the sea makes good money.
我对大海的热爱能赚大钱。
2
would include 这里是过去将来时态，表示过去某个时间点对未来的看法。
This would include taking action against corruption.
这将包括采取反腐败行动。
This broad definition, of course, would include a move across the street or across a city.
这个广义的定义，当然会包括穿过街道或穿过城市。
Though Woo didn't name any actors, he said the cast would include Chinese and Hollywood stars.
吴宇森没有透露演员名字，但表示国内和好莱坞都会有演员加盟。
The deal would include the release of an Israeli soldier held by Hamas in the Gaza Strip since 2006.
这项协议包括释放一名自2006年起被哈马斯扣押在加沙地带的一名以色列士兵。
3
like no other与众不同，独一无二；和别处不一样；非同一般。
This is a book like no other.这是一本与众不同的书。
But really, this place is like no other.但是真的，这里和别处不一样。
Switzerland is unique and truly a land like no other.
瑞士的美丽无与伦比，独一无二。
It will undoubtedly be a World Cup like no other.
这将是前所未有的一届世界杯。
Before that fall I skated very difficult program with combinations like no other skaters.
在摔倒之前，我已经滑过难度很高的组合，这是其他任何选手都没有做过的。
This feeling's like no other. I want you to know I've never had someone that knows me like you do the way you do.
这感觉独一无二。我要你知道从未有人像你那样、以你的方式了解我。
4
write of 记述，写到，描述
Tom write very movingly of her sister Amy’s suicide.
汤姆把她妹妹艾米的自杀写得非常令人伤感。
When they write of their childhoods, it could be a description of a gifted child’s life.
当他们写道自己的童年时，可能总是描述为一个天才儿童的生活写照。
They write of some very personal things.他们写了一些非常私人的东西。
I don’t know what to write of today’s topic.
今天的话题，不知道写点什么好了！
I write of unschooling to show kids they need no teacher but themselves.
我把自主学习当作题材，告诉孩子们他们学要得是自己而不是老师。
5
We do not live to eat and make money. We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life. 我们活着不是为了吃饭挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。
Similarly:
We do not live to eat and make money.
我们不为了吃饭和赚钱而活着。
We do not live to eat, but eat to live.
我们活着要吃饭，但不是为了吃饭而活着。
We do not live in order to eat.
我们不是为食而生。
We eat to live, but do not live to eat.
我们吃饭是为了活着，但活着不是为了吃饭。
6
make money 赚钱；挣钱；发财致富
The fact is, they’re there to make money.
真实的情况是，他们去那儿是为了赚钱。
He was a businessman, and therefore he always has an eye out for any opportunity to make money. 他是商人，总见钱眼开。
If you want to make money, you've got to think money.
你要想赚钱，就得一门心思琢磨钱。《牛津词典》
People thought they were all crazy to try to make money from manufacturing.
人们认为他们都试着从制造业中赚钱太傻了。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Tourists make money for a city.
游客为城市赚钱。
I can make money with short videos.
我可以用短视频赚钱。
7
succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事；在……获得成功；顺利完成
The people who succeed in life are the people who want to.
在生活中成功的人，是那些想要成功的人。
If you want to succeed in your studies and in work, the first qualification is
honestly.
如果你想在学习和工作中成功，要求的第一品质就是诚信。
Only by working hard can we succeed in doing anything.
只有通过努力工作，我们才能获得成功。
What should you do if you want to succeed in doing something
如果你想做成某事，你应该做什么？
You have got to succeed in doing what is necessary.
你要在必须做的事情上成功。
8
take one’s life (=to kill someone) 取某人的性命；结束某人的生命；葬送某人的性命
The Himalayas have taken the lives of countless mountain climbers.
喜马拉雅山夺走了无数登山者的生命。
I came here to take your life.
我来取你的性命。
What he is doing now is taking his own life.
他现在做的是在葬送他自己的性命。
It is his blow that takes the little animal’s life.
正是他的那一击要了这只小动物的命。
Don't take his own life compared with others, you don't know what others experience.
别拿自己的生活和别人的相比，你并不知道别人究竟经历过什么。
9
bring... into focus(=if you bring something into focus, people start to talk about it and pay attention to it.) 使……成为关注焦点；对好焦距；聚焦；使变得清楚
People have recently brought these issues into focus.
人们最近开始关注这些问题。
Bring the object into focus if you want a good/sharp photograph.
如果你想拍一张好照片，把物体对准在焦点上。
This will broaden your horizons and bring new ideas and opportunities into focus.
这将会开阔你的视野，为你关注的事物带来新的想法与机会。
Events such as the March 5th shooting at a high school in San Diego bring the problem into focus.
比如三月五日在圣地亚哥一所高中学校发生的枪击事件，成为问题的焦点。
10
focus on 集中于，关注于；聚焦；专注于
Then focus on the next goal. 然后关注与下一个目标。
Remember to focus on what you want to do and insist on it.
记住要把注意力集中到你想要多的事情并坚持住。
Each exercise focuses on a different grammar point.
每个练习各有不同的语法重点。
He focused his blue eyes on her.
他那蓝色的眼睛注视着她。
We're going to focus on the worst case.
我们会去关注最坏的情况。
Nevertheless, you should always focus on quality, not quantity.
无论如何，你应该始终关注质量，而不是数量。
11
be unique to sb./sth. 对……来说是独特的（特有的）
The koala is unique to Australia. 树袋熊是澳大利亚独有的。
This kind of animals is unique to the nature. 这种动物自然界中独一无二。
The beautiful sights in this area is unique to the buildings.
这一地区的美景与这些高楼建筑形成独特一景。
No one knows for sure why adolescence is unique to humans.
没人确切知道为什么青春期是人类独有的。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
None of this is unique to our farm.
所有这些对于我们的农场来说都不是特有的。
Nobody's problems are unique to themselves.
无论谁遇到的问题都不是是独一无二的。
12
force sb. to do sth. 迫使某人干某事
Ill health forced him to retire early.身体状况不佳迫使他提前退休。
I was forced to take a taxi because the last bus had left.
最后一班公共汽车已经开走，所以我只好坐了一辆出租汽车。
She forced herself to be polite to them. 他对他们强装客气。
Some parents would dismiss their children's dreams as worthless and force them to give up their dreams.
有些父母会认为自己孩子的梦想是没有价值的，并且强迫他们的孩子放弃这些梦想。
No one around you can escape. Why force them to listen to your chitchat
你身边无人可以幸免，别人凭什么非得听你叽叽喳喳？
Experts say babies are often the best judge of when they've had enough, so don't force them to take in more food.
专家说宝宝能够很好的判断他们什么时候吃饱了，所以不要强迫宝宝多吃食物。
13
figure out(= to understand or to find the answer to something by thinking carefully about it) 解决；算出；想出；理解；思考；断定
We had to figure out the connection between the two events.
我们必须找出这两件事之间的联系。
Let them figure out the answer without you.
让他们在你不在的情况下去找到答案。
He tried to figure out what he was doing.
他尽力想要思考他在做什么。
I couldn’t figure out how to solve these problem.
我想不明白怎么解决这些问题。
Because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it wound up buried in landfills. 因为很少有人能想出如何处理塑料，大部分塑料最终被掩埋在垃圾填埋场。
14
human nature 人类天性；人类本性；人之常情；人性
It is part of our human nature to value and desire good health.
对良好健康的珍视和向往是我们人类本性的一部分。
Chatting is human nature. 聊天是人之常情。
The relationship between a parent and a child is from basic human nature.
父母和孩子之间的关系源于人类的本性。
The war was a paradigm of the destructive side of human nature.
那场战争尽显人性中具有破坏性的一面。《牛津词典》
Indeed, it was just a small thing, but showing the kindness of human nature.
的确，这只是一件小事，却体现了人性的善良。
15
attempt n. 企图，试图；尝试 vt. 企图，试图；尝试
They made no attempt to escape.
他们没有企图逃跑。
Someone has made an attempt on the President’s life.
有人企图刺杀总统。
I passed my driving test at the first attempt.
我考汽车驾照一次就通过了。
I will attempt to answer all your questions.
我将努力回答你的全部问题。
Do not attempt to repair this yourself.
不要试图自己修理这个东西。
The couple made an unsuccessful attempt at a compromise.
这对夫妇试图和解但未成功。《牛津词典》
16
refer to... as... 把……称为…… ; 把……看做……
This ability is what most people refer to as stress.
这种能力就是大多数人称为的压力。
You can refer to Toyota as a car, but you cannot refer to a car as a Toyota.
你可以称丰田是一辆车，但却不能把任何车叫做丰田。
We referred to them as the greatest scientists.
我们都把他们称之为最伟大的科学家。
We are entering what some in the technology industry refer to as a post-PC era.
我们已经步入一个管科技产业为后个人电脑的时代。
Would you like to make a living from the activity that you now refer to as
a hobby
你愿意靠现在自己当做业余爱好的活动生活吗？
17
stand for 代表；支持；忍受；容忍
They know what they stand for. 他们知道他们代表什么。
What does the E stand for E代表的是什么？
I want to know what she stands for before I’ll vote for her.
在我投她的票之前，我想知道她主张的是什么？
I won’t stand for being treated like a child.
我不会容忍被别人当孩子一样对待。
People believe that two "ninths" meeting together stand for a long life.
人们相信两个“九”在一起代表长寿。
The symbols of the map key stand for different places.
地图图例代表着不同的地方。
They see no reason to stand for it again.
他们认为没有再忍受下去的理由。
18
speak to sb. 对……说话/讲话
speaking of 说到，谈到；谈及
Who are you speaking to 你正在和谁说话？
When speaking to a stranger, ask them where they are from and then make a connection with that place. 和陌生人说话的时，可以问问他们从哪儿来然后找到自己跟那个地方的联系。
Speaking of the US dollar, I think this is what we should worry about.
说到美元这个话题，我认为这才是我们应当担心的问题。
Speaking of influences on China, will there be more hot money and what measures should China take
说到对中国的影响，中国是否会面临更多的热钱流入，中国应该采取什么样的对策。
Speaking of eyes, children need to learn to take eye contact.
提及眼睛，孩子们需要学会眼神交流。
19
expect to do sth. 期待做某事；预料会做某事；指望做某事
The rent was much more than we had expected to pay.
租金比我们预计要付的多得多。
I looked back, half expecting to see someone following me.
我回过头去，想着可能看到有人跟着我。
I do expect to have some time to myself in the evenings.
我真期待晚上能有点儿自己的时间。
The students here do not expect to be spoon-fed.
这儿的学生不希望教师满堂灌。《牛津词典》
We expect to see further improvement over the coming year.
我们期望来年会有更进一步的改善。《牛津词典》
You cannot expect to like all the people you will work with.
你不能指望喜欢所有和你一起工作的人。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
20
seek vt. 寻求；寻找；探索；谋取(sought---sought)
Drivers are advised to seek alternative routes.
司机被告知须另寻其他路线。
They sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.
他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。
She managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighbour.
她设法使他平静下来，然后向一位邻居求助。
On important issues, they seek a second opinion.
在重要问题上，他们都征求别人的意见。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
We finally insisted that he seek psychiatric help.
我们最后坚持让他寻求精神病治疗方面的帮助。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
He also denied that he would seek to annex the country.
他还否认了他企图并吞该国。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
21
benefit from 从……受益；受益于……;因……而得到好处
Both sides have benefited from the talks.双方都从谈判中获益。
Who will exactly benefit from these changes
谁将从这些改革中受益？
After a hard talk, the company benefited from the money donated by the boss.
经过艰苦谈判，这家公司从老板捐赠的资金获得利益。
Children of every age benefit from patient parenting.
每个年龄段的孩子们都从耐心的养育中受益。
Young people benefit from various kinds of outdoor activities.
年轻人能从各种户外活动中受益。
They are unlikely to extract much benefit from the trip.
他们不大可能从这次旅行中获得多大益处。《牛津词典》
The company would benefit from a little pruning here and there.
公司如能处处精简一点，必将获益。《牛津词典》
22
with sth. in mind 怀有……想法；心里想着……；心里惦着；考虑到这一点
An hour later, I woke up suddenly with the solution clearly in mind.
一个小时之后，我突然醒来，心里明白该怎么做了。
These families need support. With this in mind a group of 35 specialists met last weekend.
这些家庭需要资助。怀着这个想法，35人的专家组上周末聚在了一起。
He was no longer a young man. With this in mind he slowed down the car.
他已经不再是个年轻人了。考虑到这一点，他放慢了车速。
We have designed this type of robot with this in mind.
基于这一理念我们已设计出这款机器人。
With that in mind, lying hardly seems worth it.
鉴于这个，说谎似乎就很不值得。
23
be up to sb. 取决于某人；由……决定
I’ll leave it up to you to use your discretion.
我把这件事留给你自己斟酌决定。
--- Shall we have red wine or white --- It’s up to you.
--- 我们来点红酒还是白酒？ ---你看着办吧。
It’s up to you to deal with the car accident caused by overloading the other day.
由你来处理这场前几天因为超载所造成的车祸。
We're up to our eyes in work.
我们工作忙得不可开交。《牛津词典》
I'll be up to see you tomorrow.
我明天上来看你。《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
His work isn't up to much.
他的活儿做得不怎么样。《牛津词典》
24
...the first European to reach India by sea 动词不定式作后置定语用法，意思是：第一位乘船到达印度的欧洲人。
▲句中 to reach India by sea为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the first European。
He was the first one to think of the idea. 他是第一个想到这一点的人。
Mei Lanfang was the first one to introduce Beijing Opera to foreigners.
梅兰芳是将京剧介绍给外国人的第一人。
He was the first one to top the mountain peak. 他是第一个登上山顶的人。
Alison was the first one to start. 艾莉森是第一个开始的人。
You're not the first one to complain.
你不是第一个投诉这件事的人。
I'll be the first one to admit it: I don't like working hard.
我将是第一个承认这一点的人：我不喜欢努力工作。
24
...the first European to reach India by sea 动词不定式作后置定语用法，意思是：第一位乘船到达印度的欧洲人。
动词不定式作后置定语用法小结：
(1)当名词前有序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时，多用动词不定式作后置定语。
(2)当被修饰的词为something，nothing，anything等不定代词时，常用不定式作后置定语。
(3)有些名词的同根词跟不定式，因而它们也常跟不定式作定语，常见的有promise，plan，offer，decision，ability，warning等。
完成句子
①他是第三个到达山顶的人。
He is ____________________________________________．
②没有什么可担心的。There is nothing ____________________．
③我想知道他是否有能力做这项工作。
I wonder if he has the ability __________________．
the third one to get to the top of the mountain
to worry about
to do the work
语法填空
Last year, hundreds of people spent good money on 1.____ experience that they knew would include crowds, discomfort and 2._________(dangerous). Many would become sick, due to the 3._________ (extremely) cold and low air pressure，and a few would even lose their 4.______ (life). For these people, 5._________ (climb) Qomolangma is an experience which makes some feel weak and others, powerful. For them，what they get from the adventure is just sheer joy. That is what life 6._______ (mean). It brings into focus 7.______ is important to you and forces you to look deep inside 8.________(you). A psychologist refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”．Although the climbers may say they are experts but are not taking risks，they don't expect 9._______ (die). Our desire to seek risks can be connected to 10.______ much we expect to benefit from the result.
an
danger
extreme
lives
climbing
means
what
yourself
to die
how
Recite all the phrases and sentence structures we have learnt in class.
Homework