Unit 6 Disaster and hope Using language 课件（共61张，内嵌音频）2024-2025学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修3
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| 名称 | Unit 6 Disaster and hope Using language 课件（共61张，内嵌音频）2024-2025学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修3 |  | |
| 格式 | pptx | ||
| 文件大小 | 13.8MB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 外研版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-04-27 12:23:56 | ||
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(共61张PPT)
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Using language
To observe the example sentences, find out and summarize the features and usages of ellipsis, and apply them appropriately in real contexts.
To learn more vocabulary about natural disasters and use the vocabulary to express your own opinions.
To understand the weather forecast, learn to talk about the weather and write the weather forecast.
Learning objectives
Words and expressions
forecast v. 预测， 预报 86
grab v. 攫取，抓住 86
tsunami n. 海啸 86
reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的 86
rescue n. 营救，解救 87
emergency n. 紧急情况，不测事件 87
typhoon n. 台风 87
blizzard n. 暴风雪 87
avalanche n. 雪崩 87
exceptionally adv. 极其，非常 88
claim v. （战争、事故等）夺去（生命）
88
crisis n. 危机 88
threaten v. 威胁到， 危及 88
satellite n. 人造卫星 88
precisely adv. 精确地，准确地 88
重点词汇
1．____________ v．预测，预报
2．____________ v．攫取，抓住
3．____________ adj.可信赖的，可靠的
4．____________ n．营救，解救
5．____________ n．台风
6．____________ n．暴风雪
词汇拓展
7．____________ n．紧急情况，不测事件→emergent adj.紧急的
8．____________ adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的
forecast
grab
reliable
rescue
typhoon
blizzard
emergency
precisely
重点短语
1．________________ 在路上；在旅行中
2．________________ 朝……进发
3．________________ 多达
4．________________ 尽可能远
5．________________ 引起，导致
6．________________ 导致
on the way
head for
up to
as far away as
result in
lead to
重点短语
7．________________ 多于，超过
8．________________ 随着时间的过去
9．________________ 注意
10．________________ 确保
11．________________ 承受；遭受
12．________________ 由……组成；包括
over time
pay attention to
be sure to
suffer from
consist of
more than
Ellipsis
省略
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
a It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as
well as one of the deepest.
b My office is only on the third floor of the building, so quite low.
a It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as
well as one of the deepest lines.
b My office is only on the third floor of the building, so it is quite low.
Ellipsis
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage.
1 What has been left out in sentences (a) and (b)？
2 Why does the author leave them out？
Activity 1
Ellipsis
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage.
1 What has been left out in sentences (a) and (b)？
2 Why does the author leave them out？
“Lines” has been left out in sentence (a), and “it is” has been left out in sentence (b).
The author leaves them out to avoid repeating the word or expression that is too obvious, and to make the sentences concise.
leave out 省去；遗漏
Activity 1
Ellipsis
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage.
Now look for more sentences with ellipsis（省略） in the reading passage.
It is the hottest (line) on the whole Tube system.
It is lovely at the beach, but (it is) not so when you’re wearing a suit and in a crowd of passengers!
Yet, each summer in London definitely seems hotter than the last (summer).
1 一般来说，使用省略(Ellipsis), 有时是为了避免不必要的重复，使语言精炼；有时则是由于习惯用法。
2 句子中各个成分都可省略，但经常省略的是与上文重复的部分和双方都不会误解的部分。
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一般来说，使用省略有时是为了避免不必要的重复，使语言精练，有时则是由于习惯用法。句子中各个成分都可省略，但经常省略的是与上文重复的部分和双方都不会误解的部分。例如:
He majors in English, and 1 (major) in French.
他主修英语，我主修法语。
We tried to persuade her, but (we tried) in vain.
我们想劝服她，但没成功。
I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to (see the film).
我叫他去看电影，但是他不想去。
Although (it is) small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.
这家公司虽然小，但它在30 多个国家有大约1,000 个用户。
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
1 两个并列名词前有相同的冠词，不引起歧义的情况下，可以省略第二个冠词。
Is the baby a boy or (a) girl
Both the old and (the) young will be invited to the party.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
2 在as/though引导的状语从句倒装结构中，当句首是名词时，省略冠词。
Child as she is, Lisa knows a lot about Chinese literature.
Star though he is, the boy always remains modest.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
3 表示独一无二的头衔、职位等名词作表语或补语时，常省略冠词。
The man was appointed dean(主任) of the English department.
The woman who is speaking is director(主管) of the commercial organisation.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
4 副词最高级前通常省略定冠词the。
The boy who runs fastest among the students is my cousin, Tom.
The hungry beggar eats most.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
2.介词的省略
1 动词-ing前介词的省略
have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth.
spend/waste...(in) doing sth.
have a good/wonderful time (in) doing sth.
have fun (in) doing sth.
be occupied (in) doing sth.
there is no good/use/need/point (in) doing sth.
stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
2.介词的省略
2 在表示一段时间的名词短语中，常省略介词for，但在否定句或位于句首时不省。
The heavy rain lasted (for) a few days and led to a flood.
For（句首） a whole year, I was studying very hard at school and was admitted into my favorite college.
I haven’t hear from her for a long time.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
3.连词和从句引导词的省略
1 宾语从句中连接词that常可省略。但多个并列的宾语从句，只能省略第一个that。
The manager said (that) David had come here an hour before and that he had checked in at the hotel.
Their parents said (that) no one left the house yesterday.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
3.连词和从句引导词的省略
2 定语从句中，关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当宾语且前面没有逗号或介词时可以省略。
Do you still remember the name of the firm (that/which) we visited last month
Do you know the man (that/whom) your mother is talking to
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
1.简单句的省略
1 祈使句中常省略主语you。
Keep quite in the library.
Take off your muddy shoes before you get inside.
2 感叹句中句意明确时，主语和谓语动词常省略。
What a beautiful sight (it is)!
How clever (you are)!
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
2.并列句的省略
1 主语不同，谓语动词一部分相同，则省略谓语动词相同的部分。
Some people go to the mountains, and others (go) to the seaside.
2 主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。
His advice made Tommy happy, but (his advice made) John angry.
3 主语相同，而谓语不同，则可省略主语。
Old David gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
3.状语从句的省略
①在表示时间、条件、地点、比较、方式或让步状语从句中；
省略从句中“主语+be”的部分，满足以下条件：
②从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it；
③从句谓语动词为be动词
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
3.状语从句的省略
省略从句中“主语+be”的部分，
满足一下条件：
Unless (he is) asked to answer the questions, Tom keeps silent all the time in class.
While (she was) walking along the street, she heard her name called.
If (it is) necessary, you can contact me at ant time.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
语法专讲
4.其他情况的省略
1 某些使役动词(let, make, have等)及感官动词(see, watch, notice, hear, feel等后面作宾语补足语的不定式要省略to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。
I saw the boy play tennis on the playground.
The boy was seen to play tennis on the playground.
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
4.其他情况的省略
2 介词but前如有动词do，后面不定式要省略to
I can do nothing but wait.
3 “the+比较级，the+比较级”结构中
The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
语法专讲
4.其他情况的省略
4 并列的不定式可以省略后面的to
I was told to sit down and wait for a moment.
5 省略一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not代替。
---Will he accept my apology
---I guess not(=he will not accept my apology).
---Are they coming back tonight
---I think so(=you are coming back tonight).
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
用省略句改写下列句子
1．One side of the board should be painted blue, and the other should be painted yellow.
2．He has made a lot of films, but he has made few good ones.
3．If it is possible, I wish to work in the sales department.
语法专练
One side of the board should be painted blue, and the other yellow.
He has made a lot of films, but few good ones.
If possible，I wish to work in the sales department.
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
用省略句改写下列句子
4．It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.If something is wrong with the car's engine, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
5．I have a great respect for journalists, but I don't know why I have a great respect for journalists.
I have a great respect for journalists, but I don't know why.
It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. If so, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
语法专练
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
用省略句改写下列句子
6．The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not to ride his bicycle in the street.
7．The doctor suggested that he should try to lose weight.
8．I don't like the way that you treat the girl.
The doctor suggested that he try to lose weight.
I don't like the way you treat the girl.
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not to.
语法专练
Activity 1
Technology isn’t the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways, too. Unusual animal behaviour, for example, can indicate whether it’s cold, wet weather that’s on the way or a hot, dry period. If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking（croak/kr k/vi.呱呱地叫；发牢骚；死vt.用嘶哑的声音说；死亡） more loudly, it may rain. And next time you look up at the sky, don’t just look for rain clouds, but also for birds. If they are flying low, grab your umbrella. It is also said that mice and snakes head for safer ground several days before an earthquake, while dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. Of course, although these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they won’t tell us when and where. So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it’s best to check an official, scientific report.
Ellipsis
2
Read the paragraph and find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words.
Activity 2
Frogs began to croak with the rainfall.一下雨青蛙就开始呱呱地叫起来。
He managed to croak a greeting.他勉强用沙哑的嗓音打招呼。《牛津词典》
技术并不是预测天气的唯一方法。自然也有它自己的方式。例如，不寻常的动物行为可以表明是即将到来的寒冷潮湿的天气还是炎热干燥的天气。如果鱼跳得比平时高，或者青蛙叫得更响，可能就要下雨了。下次你抬头看天空的时候，不要只看雨云，也要看鸟儿。如果它们飞得很低，拿起你的伞。还有一种说法是，在地震发生前几天，老鼠和蛇会向更安全的地方移动，而狗避开海滩，这可能是海啸即将来临的信号。当然，尽管这些事情可能暗示一些不好的事情将要发生，但它们不会告诉我们何时何地。因此，为了准确可靠的预测，最好查看官方的科学报告。
Find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words.
its ways (to forecast the weather)
dry period (that’s on the way)
more loudly (than usual)
(look) for birds
when and where
(something bad is going to happen)
Ellipsis
Activity 2
Ellipsis
Activity 3
3
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
中国在尼泊尔的救援行动
The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst earthquakes in history. On hearing the news, China was quick to start organising emergency aid.
International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country. Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR) was the first international heavy rescue team to arrive. Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. By early May, emergency aid worth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China, with a further round of emergency aid to follow.
Ellipsis
Activity 3
3
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
中国在尼泊尔的救援行动
2015年4月25日袭击尼泊尔的8.1级地震是历史上最严重的地震之一。听到这个消息后，中国迅速开始组织紧急援助。国际救援队很快开始抵达该国。在所有国际重型救援队中，中国国际搜救队是第一个抵达的国际重型救援队。救援队由62人组成，不仅包括救援人员和医务人员，还包括地震专家。截至5月初，中国已提供了价值970万美元的紧急援助，随后还将提供新一轮紧急援助。
Types of natural disasters
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
drought
typhoon
blizzard
wildfire
avalanche
tsunami
earthquake
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1. Which one do you think is the most dangerous
2. Can you name some big natural disasters in history
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1. Which one do you think is the most dangerous
As far as I’m concerned, earthquake is the most dangerous disaster, for the reason that it can leave lots of people homeless.
As far as I’m concerned/ In my view, ... is the most dangerous natural disaster, for the reason that...
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
2. Can you name some big natural disasters in history
2004/12/26, the Indian Ocean Tsunami;
2008/5/12, the Wenchuan earthquake;
2009, the Australian Bushfires
The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami【2004年印度洋特大海啸】
The Tsunami struck on December 26, 2004, resulting in at least 228,000 deaths and causing widespread devastation across 11 countries in the Indian Ocean region.
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake【2008年中国汶川大地震】
The Earthquake struck Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, on May 12, 2008, causing over 69,000 deaths, more than 17,000 missing, and significant property damage estimated at over 845 billion yuan.
The 2009 Australian Bushfires 【2009年澳大利亚森林大火 】
The Bushfires (notably including a severe fire in Western Australia in January 2009) resulted in hundreds of deaths, destroyed thousands of homes, and caused widespread environmental damage across various regions of Australia.
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
In 1881, a(n) 1________ struck the small Vietnamese city ofHaiphong, bringing terrible strong winds. When it hit the coast, huge tidal waves caused severe flood, costing the lives of up to 300,000 citizens.
In August 1949, the Landes region of South-west France faced a major 2 _______ that lasted almost a week. Some 500 k㎡ of forested land was burnt and 82 people killed. Even today, it is considered one of Europe's most deadly forest fires.
The winter of 1950 to 1951 came to be known as the Winter of Terror when over 600 3_________ struck towns and villages in the mountains of the Swiss-Austrian Alps. Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
In 1960, Chile suffered the strongest 4____________ to be recorded in the 20th century. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5. It caused a(n) 5__________ with waves of up to 25 metres affecting places as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
A(n) 6___________ hit Iran in February 1972, causing a week of extremely low temperatures. Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the deaths of about 4,000 people.
In July 2011, a(n) 7___________ struck East Africa. It was said to be the worst in 60 years, and not a single drop of rain fell for almost a whole year. It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
Activity 5
5
In 1881, a(n) 1 ____________ struck the small Vietnamese city of Haiphong, bringing terrible strong winds. When it hit the coast, huge tidal waves caused severe flood, costing the lives of up to 300,000 citizens.
typhoon
1881年，一场台风袭击了越南的小城市海防，带来了可怕的强风。当它到达海岸时，巨大的潮汐引起了严重的洪水，造成多达30万人死亡。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
In August 1949, the Landes region of South-west France faced a major 2 ____________ that lasted almost a week. Some 500 km2 of forested land was burnt and 82 people killed. Even today, it is considered one of Europe's most deadly forest fires.
wildfire
1949年8月，法国西南部的朗德地区遭遇了一场持续了近一周的大火。约500平方公里的林地被烧毁，82人死亡。即使在今天，它也被认为是欧洲最致命的森林火灾之一。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
The winter of 1950 to 1951 came to be known as the Winter of Terror when over 600 3 _____________ struck towns and villages in the mountains of the Swiss Austrian Alps. Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
avalanches
1950年至1951年的冬天被称为“恐怖之冬”，当时瑞士-奥地利阿尔卑斯山脉发生了600多起雪崩，袭击了城镇和村庄。由于短时间内异常强烈的降雪，他们摧毁了建筑物和森林，造成256人死亡。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
In 1960, Chile suffered the strongest 4_________ to be recorded in the 20th century. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5. It caused a(n) 5__________ with waves of up to 25 metres affecting places as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
earthquake
tsunami
1960年，智利遭受了20世纪有记录以来最强烈的地震。人们普遍认为这次地震的震级为9.5级。它引发了高达25米的海啸，远至夏威夷和日本都受到影响。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
A(n) 6_________ hit Iran in February 1972, causing a week of extremely low temperatures. Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the deaths of about 4,000 people.
blizzard
1972年2月，一场暴风雪袭击了伊朗，造成了一周的极低气温。冬季风暴给该国南部带来了高达7.9米的降雪，导致约4000人死亡。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
In July 2011, a(n) ________ struck East Africa. It was said to be the worst in 60 years, and not a single drop of rain fell for almost a whole year. It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
drought
2011年7月，一场干旱袭击了东非。 据说这是60年来最严重的一次，几乎一整年都没有下一滴雨。 它导致了严重的粮食危机，威胁到950多万人的生计。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
In 1881, a(n) 1________ struck the small Vietnamese city ofHaiphong, bringing terrible strong winds. When it hit the coast, huge tidal waves caused severe flood, costing the lives of up to 300,000 citizens.
In August 1949, the Landes region of South-west France faced a major 2 _______ that lasted almost a week. Some 500 k㎡ of forested land was burnt and 82 people killed. Even today, it is considered one of Europe's most deadly forest fires.
The winter of 1950 to 1951 came to be known as the Winter of Terror when over 600 3_________ struck towns and villages in the mountains of the Swiss-Austrian Alps. Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
In 1960, Chile suffered the strongest 4____________ to be recorded in the 20th century. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5. It caused a(n) 5__________ with waves of up to 25 metres affecting places as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
A(n) 6___________ hit Iran in February 1972, causing a week of extremely low temperatures. Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the deaths of about 4,000 people.
In July 2011, a(n) 7___________ struck East Africa. It was said to be the worst in 60 years, and not a single drop of rain fell for almost a whole year. It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
Activity 5
5
typhoon
wildfire
avalanches
earthquake
tsunami
blizzard
drought
Work in pairs. Talk about a recent natural disaster you have heard about or seen on the news.
Activity 6
6
The 2025 California Wildfires started in early January, specifically on January 7, in California, USA. The wildfires rapidly spread, fueled by dry conditions and strong winds known as the "Santa Ana winds." The disaster caused widespread destruction, burning thousands of acres of land and over 10,000 structures. It resulted in numerous fatalities and injuries, with many people losing their homes and livelihoods. The economic losses were substantial, and the environmental impact was significant, with smoke affecting air quality across the region. The disaster required a massive response from firefighters and emergency services, as well as international aid for those affected.
2025年1月初，特别是1月7日，美国加利福尼亚州发生了2025年加州野火。 在干燥条件和被称为“圣安娜风”的强风的推动下，野火迅速蔓延。 这场灾难造成了广泛的破坏，烧毁了数千英亩的土地和10,000多座建筑物。 它造成了许多伤亡，许多人失去了家园和生计。 经济损失巨大，环境影响显著，烟雾影响了整个地区的空气质量。 这场灾难需要消防员和紧急服务部门的大力响应，也需要国际社会为灾民提供援助。
Pair Work
Extreme weather conditions
What should we pay attention to when listening to a weather forecast
When listening to a weather forecast, pay attention to the following information:
temperature levels
descriptions of forthcoming weather conditions
weather warnings
Learning to learn
For thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people recorded weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, in Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle, wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more precisely and comprehensively.
Did you know
几千年来，人们一直试图预测天气。 在中国商代，人们在动物骨头和龟壳上记录天气预报。 几个世纪后，在希腊，哲学家亚里士多德写下了他关于天气状况如何形成的理论。 随着时间的推移，天气预报越来越先进，测量温度、湿度和气压的仪器越来越多。 今天，卫星数据和计算机技术帮助科学家更准确、更全面地预测天气。
Extreme weather conditions
Activity 7
Listen to the weather forecast and match the weather symbols to the locations on the map.
7
1. How to say “5°” in English
Five degrees.
2. How about “-5°” in English
minus five degrees
five degrees below zero
negative five degrees
Activity 7
Word bank
in contrast to
symptom n.
listen out
in a row
floodwaters n.
steadily adv.
moderate adj.
对比
症状
注意听
连续
洪水
平稳地，稳定地
温和的； 温和的
drive steadily
e.g. They have won five championships in a row. 他们已经连续五次获得冠军。
e.g. In contrast to that book, This book is the best.与那本书相比，这本书最好。
Activity 7
Activity 8
Listen again and complete the form.
8
warm clothes
-15
fry meat on the road
get medical attention
hurricane
safe indoors
13
through floodwaters
25
wildfires
Now talk about how the speaker describes the weather. Listen again if necessary.
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student A:
You learn from a TV report that Student B’s city has been suffering from rainstorms and floods. Call Student B to check if he/she is safe and ask about the weather. Information you’d like to know:
how long the rainstorms have lasted
the effect of the rainstorms on his/her city
how to cope during rainstorms and floods
what you can do to help
how the weather has changed over recent years
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student A:
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student B:
Your city has been suffering from rainstorms and floods.
Student A calls you to check you are safe and ask about the weather. Give him / her the information.
Duration: about five days
Effect: no electricity; shortage of food and drinking water, damage to property
Points for attention: stay away from fallen power lines, particularly in or near water; move to higher ground, away from the flow of water
Things to help: make a donation; volunteer to help people in need; share knowledge on how to prevent disease
Changes to the weather: more frequent extreme weather conditions; more severe rainstorms and floods
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student B:
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student A: Hey, I heard that your city has been suffering from heavy rainstorms and floods. Are you okay
Student B: Yes, I'm fine, thanks for asking. The rainstorms have been going on for about five days now, just as the information I provided earlier stated.
Student A: That's terrible. How has the rain affected your city I'd like to know more about the effect it has had.
Student B: Well, the rain has caused a lot of damage to properties and infrastructure, leading to power outages and shortages of food and drinking water. It's been quite devastating.
Student A: I'm so sorry to hear that. How do you cope during these rainstorms and floods What measures have you taken
Student B: We've been donating to organizations that are helping people in need and volunteering our time for relief efforts. Additionally, we share information about how to stay safe, like staying away from fallen power lines and moving to higher ground.
Student A: That's really helpful. Is there anything I can do to assist from afar
Student B: Actually, yes. You can make a donation or share information about how to prevent disease in such conditions. Every little bit helps.
Student A: Will do. How has the weather changed over the past few years in your city
Student B: Unfortunately, the weather has become more extreme. We're seeing more frequent and severe rainstorms and floods. It's important for everyone to be prepared.
Sample
Activity 10
Choose another extreme weather condition and have a similar conversation.
10
Student B:I heard there's a wildfire in your city.Are you okay
Student A:Yes,I'm fine.Thanks.The fire has been burning for four days and it's caused a lot of damage.
Student B:How bad is it
Student A:Lots of homes are destroyed.Thousands of people had to leave their houses.And the air is really bad.
Student B:How are you staying safe
Student A:We're staying in shelters,following the evacuation orders,and keeping up with the latest news about the fire.
Student B:How can I help
Student A:Donating to relief organizations or sharing safety information would be really helpful.
Student B:Got it.Why are the wildfires so bad now
Student A:The dry seasons are longer and hotter,so fires can spread more easily.
Sample
1. Use ellipsis to make sentences shorter in real daily conversations.
2. Talk about the weather forecast in simple English.
3. Use the words and expressions we have learned to describe disasters in the world.
Homework
Unit 6 Disaster and hope
Using language
To observe the example sentences, find out and summarize the features and usages of ellipsis, and apply them appropriately in real contexts.
To learn more vocabulary about natural disasters and use the vocabulary to express your own opinions.
To understand the weather forecast, learn to talk about the weather and write the weather forecast.
Learning objectives
Words and expressions
forecast v. 预测， 预报 86
grab v. 攫取，抓住 86
tsunami n. 海啸 86
reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的 86
rescue n. 营救，解救 87
emergency n. 紧急情况，不测事件 87
typhoon n. 台风 87
blizzard n. 暴风雪 87
avalanche n. 雪崩 87
exceptionally adv. 极其，非常 88
claim v. （战争、事故等）夺去（生命）
88
crisis n. 危机 88
threaten v. 威胁到， 危及 88
satellite n. 人造卫星 88
precisely adv. 精确地，准确地 88
重点词汇
1．____________ v．预测，预报
2．____________ v．攫取，抓住
3．____________ adj.可信赖的，可靠的
4．____________ n．营救，解救
5．____________ n．台风
6．____________ n．暴风雪
词汇拓展
7．____________ n．紧急情况，不测事件→emergent adj.紧急的
8．____________ adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的
forecast
grab
reliable
rescue
typhoon
blizzard
emergency
precisely
重点短语
1．________________ 在路上；在旅行中
2．________________ 朝……进发
3．________________ 多达
4．________________ 尽可能远
5．________________ 引起，导致
6．________________ 导致
on the way
head for
up to
as far away as
result in
lead to
重点短语
7．________________ 多于，超过
8．________________ 随着时间的过去
9．________________ 注意
10．________________ 确保
11．________________ 承受；遭受
12．________________ 由……组成；包括
over time
pay attention to
be sure to
suffer from
consist of
more than
Ellipsis
省略
Compare them with the following sentences and answer the questions.
a It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as
well as one of the deepest.
b My office is only on the third floor of the building, so quite low.
a It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as
well as one of the deepest lines.
b My office is only on the third floor of the building, so it is quite low.
Ellipsis
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage.
1 What has been left out in sentences (a) and (b)？
2 Why does the author leave them out？
Activity 1
Ellipsis
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage.
1 What has been left out in sentences (a) and (b)？
2 Why does the author leave them out？
“Lines” has been left out in sentence (a), and “it is” has been left out in sentence (b).
The author leaves them out to avoid repeating the word or expression that is too obvious, and to make the sentences concise.
leave out 省去；遗漏
Activity 1
Ellipsis
1
Look at the sentences from the reading passage.
Now look for more sentences with ellipsis（省略） in the reading passage.
It is the hottest (line) on the whole Tube system.
It is lovely at the beach, but (it is) not so when you’re wearing a suit and in a crowd of passengers!
Yet, each summer in London definitely seems hotter than the last (summer).
1 一般来说，使用省略(Ellipsis), 有时是为了避免不必要的重复，使语言精炼；有时则是由于习惯用法。
2 句子中各个成分都可省略，但经常省略的是与上文重复的部分和双方都不会误解的部分。
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一般来说，使用省略有时是为了避免不必要的重复，使语言精练，有时则是由于习惯用法。句子中各个成分都可省略，但经常省略的是与上文重复的部分和双方都不会误解的部分。例如:
He majors in English, and 1 (major) in French.
他主修英语，我主修法语。
We tried to persuade her, but (we tried) in vain.
我们想劝服她，但没成功。
I asked him to see the film, but he didn't want to (see the film).
我叫他去看电影，但是他不想去。
Although (it is) small, the company has about 1,000 buyers in over 30 countries.
这家公司虽然小，但它在30 多个国家有大约1,000 个用户。
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
1 两个并列名词前有相同的冠词，不引起歧义的情况下，可以省略第二个冠词。
Is the baby a boy or (a) girl
Both the old and (the) young will be invited to the party.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
2 在as/though引导的状语从句倒装结构中，当句首是名词时，省略冠词。
Child as she is, Lisa knows a lot about Chinese literature.
Star though he is, the boy always remains modest.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
3 表示独一无二的头衔、职位等名词作表语或补语时，常省略冠词。
The man was appointed dean(主任) of the English department.
The woman who is speaking is director(主管) of the commercial organisation.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
1.冠词的省略
4 副词最高级前通常省略定冠词the。
The boy who runs fastest among the students is my cousin, Tom.
The hungry beggar eats most.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
2.介词的省略
1 动词-ing前介词的省略
have difficulty/ trouble (in) doing sth.
spend/waste...(in) doing sth.
have a good/wonderful time (in) doing sth.
have fun (in) doing sth.
be occupied (in) doing sth.
there is no good/use/need/point (in) doing sth.
stop/prevent...(from) doing sth.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
2.介词的省略
2 在表示一段时间的名词短语中，常省略介词for，但在否定句或位于句首时不省。
The heavy rain lasted (for) a few days and led to a flood.
For（句首） a whole year, I was studying very hard at school and was admitted into my favorite college.
I haven’t hear from her for a long time.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
3.连词和从句引导词的省略
1 宾语从句中连接词that常可省略。但多个并列的宾语从句，只能省略第一个that。
The manager said (that) David had come here an hour before and that he had checked in at the hotel.
Their parents said (that) no one left the house yesterday.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
一 词法的省略
3.连词和从句引导词的省略
2 定语从句中，关系代词代替先行词在从句中充当宾语且前面没有逗号或介词时可以省略。
Do you still remember the name of the firm (that/which) we visited last month
Do you know the man (that/whom) your mother is talking to
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
1.简单句的省略
1 祈使句中常省略主语you。
Keep quite in the library.
Take off your muddy shoes before you get inside.
2 感叹句中句意明确时，主语和谓语动词常省略。
What a beautiful sight (it is)!
How clever (you are)!
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
2.并列句的省略
1 主语不同，谓语动词一部分相同，则省略谓语动词相同的部分。
Some people go to the mountains, and others (go) to the seaside.
2 主语相同，谓语动词也相同，则二者都可以省略。
His advice made Tommy happy, but (his advice made) John angry.
3 主语相同，而谓语不同，则可省略主语。
Old David gave up smoking for a while, but (he) soon returned to his old ways.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
3.状语从句的省略
①在表示时间、条件、地点、比较、方式或让步状语从句中；
省略从句中“主语+be”的部分，满足以下条件：
②从句主语与主句主语一致或从句主语为it；
③从句谓语动词为be动词
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
二 句法的省略
3.状语从句的省略
省略从句中“主语+be”的部分，
满足一下条件：
Unless (he is) asked to answer the questions, Tom keeps silent all the time in class.
While (she was) walking along the street, she heard her name called.
If (it is) necessary, you can contact me at ant time.
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
语法专讲
4.其他情况的省略
1 某些使役动词(let, make, have等)及感官动词(see, watch, notice, hear, feel等后面作宾语补足语的不定式要省略to，但在被动语态中须把to复原。
I saw the boy play tennis on the playground.
The boy was seen to play tennis on the playground.
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
4.其他情况的省略
2 介词but前如有动词do，后面不定式要省略to
I can do nothing but wait.
3 “the+比较级，the+比较级”结构中
The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be).
语法专讲
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
语法专讲
4.其他情况的省略
4 并列的不定式可以省略后面的to
I was told to sit down and wait for a moment.
5 省略一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not代替。
---Will he accept my apology
---I guess not(=he will not accept my apology).
---Are they coming back tonight
---I think so(=you are coming back tonight).
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
用省略句改写下列句子
1．One side of the board should be painted blue, and the other should be painted yellow.
2．He has made a lot of films, but he has made few good ones.
3．If it is possible, I wish to work in the sales department.
语法专练
One side of the board should be painted blue, and the other yellow.
He has made a lot of films, but few good ones.
If possible，I wish to work in the sales department.
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
用省略句改写下列句子
4．It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine.If something is wrong with the car's engine, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
5．I have a great respect for journalists, but I don't know why I have a great respect for journalists.
I have a great respect for journalists, but I don't know why.
It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine. If so, we'd better take it to the garage immediately.
语法专练
Activity 1
Ellipsis
Ellipsis
用省略句改写下列句子
6．The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not to ride his bicycle in the street.
7．The doctor suggested that he should try to lose weight.
8．I don't like the way that you treat the girl.
The doctor suggested that he try to lose weight.
I don't like the way you treat the girl.
The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street but his mother told him not to.
语法专练
Activity 1
Technology isn’t the only way to forecast the weather. Nature has its ways, too. Unusual animal behaviour, for example, can indicate whether it’s cold, wet weather that’s on the way or a hot, dry period. If fish are jumping higher than usual or frogs are croaking（croak/kr k/vi.呱呱地叫；发牢骚；死vt.用嘶哑的声音说；死亡） more loudly, it may rain. And next time you look up at the sky, don’t just look for rain clouds, but also for birds. If they are flying low, grab your umbrella. It is also said that mice and snakes head for safer ground several days before an earthquake, while dogs avoiding the beach may be a sign that a tsunami is approaching. Of course, although these things may suggest something bad is going to happen, they won’t tell us when and where. So, for accurate and reliable predictions, it’s best to check an official, scientific report.
Ellipsis
2
Read the paragraph and find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words.
Activity 2
Frogs began to croak with the rainfall.一下雨青蛙就开始呱呱地叫起来。
He managed to croak a greeting.他勉强用沙哑的嗓音打招呼。《牛津词典》
技术并不是预测天气的唯一方法。自然也有它自己的方式。例如，不寻常的动物行为可以表明是即将到来的寒冷潮湿的天气还是炎热干燥的天气。如果鱼跳得比平时高，或者青蛙叫得更响，可能就要下雨了。下次你抬头看天空的时候，不要只看雨云，也要看鸟儿。如果它们飞得很低，拿起你的伞。还有一种说法是，在地震发生前几天，老鼠和蛇会向更安全的地方移动，而狗避开海滩，这可能是海啸即将来临的信号。当然，尽管这些事情可能暗示一些不好的事情将要发生，但它们不会告诉我们何时何地。因此，为了准确可靠的预测，最好查看官方的科学报告。
Find out what words have been removed before or after the underlined words.
its ways (to forecast the weather)
dry period (that’s on the way)
more loudly (than usual)
(look) for birds
when and where
(something bad is going to happen)
Ellipsis
Activity 2
Ellipsis
Activity 3
3
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
中国在尼泊尔的救援行动
The 8.1-magnitude earthquake that hit Nepal on 25 April 2015, was one of the worst earthquakes in history. On hearing the news, China was quick to start organising emergency aid.
International rescue teams soon began to arrive in the country. Amongst all the international heavy rescue teams, the China International Search and Rescue Team(CISAR) was the first international heavy rescue team to arrive. Consisting of 62 people, it not only included rescuers and medical staff, but also included earthquake experts. By early May, emergency aid worth 9.7 million US dollars had been donated by China, with a further round of emergency aid to follow.
Ellipsis
Activity 3
3
Remove words from the news report to make it more concise.
中国在尼泊尔的救援行动
2015年4月25日袭击尼泊尔的8.1级地震是历史上最严重的地震之一。听到这个消息后，中国迅速开始组织紧急援助。国际救援队很快开始抵达该国。在所有国际重型救援队中，中国国际搜救队是第一个抵达的国际重型救援队。救援队由62人组成，不仅包括救援人员和医务人员，还包括地震专家。截至5月初，中国已提供了价值970万美元的紧急援助，随后还将提供新一轮紧急援助。
Types of natural disasters
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
drought
typhoon
blizzard
wildfire
avalanche
tsunami
earthquake
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1. Which one do you think is the most dangerous
2. Can you name some big natural disasters in history
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
1. Which one do you think is the most dangerous
As far as I’m concerned, earthquake is the most dangerous disaster, for the reason that it can leave lots of people homeless.
As far as I’m concerned/ In my view, ... is the most dangerous natural disaster, for the reason that...
Activity 4
4
Look at the pictures and answer the questions.
2. Can you name some big natural disasters in history
2004/12/26, the Indian Ocean Tsunami;
2008/5/12, the Wenchuan earthquake;
2009, the Australian Bushfires
The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami【2004年印度洋特大海啸】
The Tsunami struck on December 26, 2004, resulting in at least 228,000 deaths and causing widespread devastation across 11 countries in the Indian Ocean region.
The 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake【2008年中国汶川大地震】
The Earthquake struck Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province, China, on May 12, 2008, causing over 69,000 deaths, more than 17,000 missing, and significant property damage estimated at over 845 billion yuan.
The 2009 Australian Bushfires 【2009年澳大利亚森林大火 】
The Bushfires (notably including a severe fire in Western Australia in January 2009) resulted in hundreds of deaths, destroyed thousands of homes, and caused widespread environmental damage across various regions of Australia.
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
In 1881, a(n) 1________ struck the small Vietnamese city ofHaiphong, bringing terrible strong winds. When it hit the coast, huge tidal waves caused severe flood, costing the lives of up to 300,000 citizens.
In August 1949, the Landes region of South-west France faced a major 2 _______ that lasted almost a week. Some 500 k㎡ of forested land was burnt and 82 people killed. Even today, it is considered one of Europe's most deadly forest fires.
The winter of 1950 to 1951 came to be known as the Winter of Terror when over 600 3_________ struck towns and villages in the mountains of the Swiss-Austrian Alps. Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
In 1960, Chile suffered the strongest 4____________ to be recorded in the 20th century. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5. It caused a(n) 5__________ with waves of up to 25 metres affecting places as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
A(n) 6___________ hit Iran in February 1972, causing a week of extremely low temperatures. Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the deaths of about 4,000 people.
In July 2011, a(n) 7___________ struck East Africa. It was said to be the worst in 60 years, and not a single drop of rain fell for almost a whole year. It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
Activity 5
5
In 1881, a(n) 1 ____________ struck the small Vietnamese city of Haiphong, bringing terrible strong winds. When it hit the coast, huge tidal waves caused severe flood, costing the lives of up to 300,000 citizens.
typhoon
1881年，一场台风袭击了越南的小城市海防，带来了可怕的强风。当它到达海岸时，巨大的潮汐引起了严重的洪水，造成多达30万人死亡。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
In August 1949, the Landes region of South-west France faced a major 2 ____________ that lasted almost a week. Some 500 km2 of forested land was burnt and 82 people killed. Even today, it is considered one of Europe's most deadly forest fires.
wildfire
1949年8月，法国西南部的朗德地区遭遇了一场持续了近一周的大火。约500平方公里的林地被烧毁，82人死亡。即使在今天，它也被认为是欧洲最致命的森林火灾之一。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
The winter of 1950 to 1951 came to be known as the Winter of Terror when over 600 3 _____________ struck towns and villages in the mountains of the Swiss Austrian Alps. Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
avalanches
1950年至1951年的冬天被称为“恐怖之冬”，当时瑞士-奥地利阿尔卑斯山脉发生了600多起雪崩，袭击了城镇和村庄。由于短时间内异常强烈的降雪，他们摧毁了建筑物和森林，造成256人死亡。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
In 1960, Chile suffered the strongest 4_________ to be recorded in the 20th century. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5. It caused a(n) 5__________ with waves of up to 25 metres affecting places as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
earthquake
tsunami
1960年，智利遭受了20世纪有记录以来最强烈的地震。人们普遍认为这次地震的震级为9.5级。它引发了高达25米的海啸，远至夏威夷和日本都受到影响。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
A(n) 6_________ hit Iran in February 1972, causing a week of extremely low temperatures. Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the deaths of about 4,000 people.
blizzard
1972年2月，一场暴风雪袭击了伊朗，造成了一周的极低气温。冬季风暴给该国南部带来了高达7.9米的降雪，导致约4000人死亡。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
In July 2011, a(n) ________ struck East Africa. It was said to be the worst in 60 years, and not a single drop of rain fell for almost a whole year. It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
drought
2011年7月，一场干旱袭击了东非。 据说这是60年来最严重的一次，几乎一整年都没有下一滴雨。 它导致了严重的粮食危机，威胁到950多万人的生计。
Activity 5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
5
Complete the reports with the words in Activity 4. Pay attention to the words describing natural disasters.
In 1881, a(n) 1________ struck the small Vietnamese city ofHaiphong, bringing terrible strong winds. When it hit the coast, huge tidal waves caused severe flood, costing the lives of up to 300,000 citizens.
In August 1949, the Landes region of South-west France faced a major 2 _______ that lasted almost a week. Some 500 k㎡ of forested land was burnt and 82 people killed. Even today, it is considered one of Europe's most deadly forest fires.
The winter of 1950 to 1951 came to be known as the Winter of Terror when over 600 3_________ struck towns and villages in the mountains of the Swiss-Austrian Alps. Caused by exceptionally heavy snowfall within a short period of time, they destroyed buildings and forests, and claimed over 256 lives.
In 1960, Chile suffered the strongest 4____________ to be recorded in the 20th century. The shock is generally agreed to have had a magnitude of 9.5. It caused a(n) 5__________ with waves of up to 25 metres affecting places as far away as Hawaii and Japan.
A(n) 6___________ hit Iran in February 1972, causing a week of extremely low temperatures. Winter storms brought as much as 7.9 metres of snow in the south of the country, resulting in the deaths of about 4,000 people.
In July 2011, a(n) 7___________ struck East Africa. It was said to be the worst in 60 years, and not a single drop of rain fell for almost a whole year. It led to a severe food crisis and threatened the livelihoods of more than 9.5 million people.
Activity 5
5
typhoon
wildfire
avalanches
earthquake
tsunami
blizzard
drought
Work in pairs. Talk about a recent natural disaster you have heard about or seen on the news.
Activity 6
6
The 2025 California Wildfires started in early January, specifically on January 7, in California, USA. The wildfires rapidly spread, fueled by dry conditions and strong winds known as the "Santa Ana winds." The disaster caused widespread destruction, burning thousands of acres of land and over 10,000 structures. It resulted in numerous fatalities and injuries, with many people losing their homes and livelihoods. The economic losses were substantial, and the environmental impact was significant, with smoke affecting air quality across the region. The disaster required a massive response from firefighters and emergency services, as well as international aid for those affected.
2025年1月初，特别是1月7日，美国加利福尼亚州发生了2025年加州野火。 在干燥条件和被称为“圣安娜风”的强风的推动下，野火迅速蔓延。 这场灾难造成了广泛的破坏，烧毁了数千英亩的土地和10,000多座建筑物。 它造成了许多伤亡，许多人失去了家园和生计。 经济损失巨大，环境影响显著，烟雾影响了整个地区的空气质量。 这场灾难需要消防员和紧急服务部门的大力响应，也需要国际社会为灾民提供援助。
Pair Work
Extreme weather conditions
What should we pay attention to when listening to a weather forecast
When listening to a weather forecast, pay attention to the following information:
temperature levels
descriptions of forthcoming weather conditions
weather warnings
Learning to learn
For thousands of years, people have been trying to predict the weather. In China during the Shang Dynasty, people recorded weather forecasts on animal bones and tortoise shells. Centuries later, in Greece, the philosopher, Aristotle, wrote his theories about how weather conditions formed. Weather forecasting advanced over time, with more and more instruments to measure temperature, humidity and air pressure. Today, satellite data and computer technology help scientists predict the weather more precisely and comprehensively.
Did you know
几千年来，人们一直试图预测天气。 在中国商代，人们在动物骨头和龟壳上记录天气预报。 几个世纪后，在希腊，哲学家亚里士多德写下了他关于天气状况如何形成的理论。 随着时间的推移，天气预报越来越先进，测量温度、湿度和气压的仪器越来越多。 今天，卫星数据和计算机技术帮助科学家更准确、更全面地预测天气。
Extreme weather conditions
Activity 7
Listen to the weather forecast and match the weather symbols to the locations on the map.
7
1. How to say “5°” in English
Five degrees.
2. How about “-5°” in English
minus five degrees
five degrees below zero
negative five degrees
Activity 7
Word bank
in contrast to
symptom n.
listen out
in a row
floodwaters n.
steadily adv.
moderate adj.
对比
症状
注意听
连续
洪水
平稳地，稳定地
温和的； 温和的
drive steadily
e.g. They have won five championships in a row. 他们已经连续五次获得冠军。
e.g. In contrast to that book, This book is the best.与那本书相比，这本书最好。
Activity 7
Activity 8
Listen again and complete the form.
8
warm clothes
-15
fry meat on the road
get medical attention
hurricane
safe indoors
13
through floodwaters
25
wildfires
Now talk about how the speaker describes the weather. Listen again if necessary.
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student A:
You learn from a TV report that Student B’s city has been suffering from rainstorms and floods. Call Student B to check if he/she is safe and ask about the weather. Information you’d like to know:
how long the rainstorms have lasted
the effect of the rainstorms on his/her city
how to cope during rainstorms and floods
what you can do to help
how the weather has changed over recent years
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student A:
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student B:
Your city has been suffering from rainstorms and floods.
Student A calls you to check you are safe and ask about the weather. Give him / her the information.
Duration: about five days
Effect: no electricity; shortage of food and drinking water, damage to property
Points for attention: stay away from fallen power lines, particularly in or near water; move to higher ground, away from the flow of water
Things to help: make a donation; volunteer to help people in need; share knowledge on how to prevent disease
Changes to the weather: more frequent extreme weather conditions; more severe rainstorms and floods
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student B:
Activity 9
Work in pairs. Act out the conversation to talk about an extreme weather condition.
9
Student A: Hey, I heard that your city has been suffering from heavy rainstorms and floods. Are you okay
Student B: Yes, I'm fine, thanks for asking. The rainstorms have been going on for about five days now, just as the information I provided earlier stated.
Student A: That's terrible. How has the rain affected your city I'd like to know more about the effect it has had.
Student B: Well, the rain has caused a lot of damage to properties and infrastructure, leading to power outages and shortages of food and drinking water. It's been quite devastating.
Student A: I'm so sorry to hear that. How do you cope during these rainstorms and floods What measures have you taken
Student B: We've been donating to organizations that are helping people in need and volunteering our time for relief efforts. Additionally, we share information about how to stay safe, like staying away from fallen power lines and moving to higher ground.
Student A: That's really helpful. Is there anything I can do to assist from afar
Student B: Actually, yes. You can make a donation or share information about how to prevent disease in such conditions. Every little bit helps.
Student A: Will do. How has the weather changed over the past few years in your city
Student B: Unfortunately, the weather has become more extreme. We're seeing more frequent and severe rainstorms and floods. It's important for everyone to be prepared.
Sample
Activity 10
Choose another extreme weather condition and have a similar conversation.
10
Student B:I heard there's a wildfire in your city.Are you okay
Student A:Yes,I'm fine.Thanks.The fire has been burning for four days and it's caused a lot of damage.
Student B:How bad is it
Student A:Lots of homes are destroyed.Thousands of people had to leave their houses.And the air is really bad.
Student B:How are you staying safe
Student A:We're staying in shelters,following the evacuation orders,and keeping up with the latest news about the fire.
Student B:How can I help
Student A:Donating to relief organizations or sharing safety information would be really helpful.
Student B:Got it.Why are the wildfires so bad now
Student A:The dry seasons are longer and hotter,so fires can spread more easily.
Sample
1. Use ellipsis to make sentences shorter in real daily conversations.
2. Talk about the weather forecast in simple English.
3. Use the words and expressions we have learned to describe disasters in the world.
Homework