高考英语二轮复习专题模拟训练(语法填空) 含答案与解析

专题模拟训练(语法填空)
语法填空(一)
A
(2024·广东省汕头市高三一模)
In the gentle winter sunlight, Gulangyu Island lies like a pearl in the ocean, quietly revealing 1.　　　　 (it) unique charm.This small island is a witness 2.　　　　 history.Every brick seems to tell stories of the past.3.　　　　 (original) named “Yuanshazhou” and also known as “Yuanzhouzi”， it 4.　　　　(refer) to as “Wulongyu” during the Southern Song Dynasty.Later, due to the sound resembling a drum, it was renamed “Gulangyu”．Famous for its natural landscapes and cultural heritage, Gulangyu boasts 5.　　　　 (attraction) such as Sunlight Rock, Shuzhuang Garden, and more.Figures like Ba Jin and Lin Yutang found inspiration here, 6.　　　　 (enrich) the island's intellectual heritage.
During the winter, life here seems to slow down.In the early morning, it's preferable to walk through the alleys 7.　　　　 (surround) by European-style buildings.Breathing in the air filled with the smell of the sea 8.　　　　 (bring) an extraordinary sense of freshness and joy.9.　　　　 walk to Sunlight Rock on the island offers a view of the entire city of Xiamen.In the afternoon, one can enjoy a rich cup of coffee in a café by the sea, 10.　　　　 feels like being in a moving painting with the occasional fishing boat passing by.As the sun sets, the entire island is enveloped in a golden sunset.At this moment, Gulangyu becomes even more gentle and romantic.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了鼓浪屿的历史以及景点等信息。
1．its　考查代词。句意：在冬日柔和的阳光下，鼓浪屿像一颗明珠，静静地躺在大海里，展现着它独特的魅力。修饰名词charm，需用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
2．to　考查介词。句意：这座小岛是历史的见证。a witness to为固定搭配，意为“……的见证者”。故填to。
3．Originally　考查副词。句意：它原名“圆沙洲”，也被称为“圆舟仔”，在南宋时期被称为“五龙屿”。修饰动词named需用副词originally，作状语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Originally。
4．was referred　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它原名“圆沙洲”，也被称为“圆舟仔”，在南宋时期被称为“五龙屿”。根据时间状语during the Southern Song Dynasty可知，此处使用一般过去时，it和refer为被动关系，需用被动语态，且主语是单数。故填was referred。
5．attractions　考查名词的数。句意：鼓浪屿以其自然景观和文化遗产而闻名，拥有日光岩、菽庄花园等景点。根据“such as Sunlight Rock, Shuzhuang Garden, and more”可知，此处使用名词复数形式attractions，作宾语。故填attractions。
6．enriching　考查非谓语动词。句意：巴金和林语堂等人物在这里找到了灵感，丰富了该岛的知识遗产。空处需用非谓语动词作状语，Figures和enrich为逻辑上的主谓关系，用现在分词形式。故填enriching。
7．surrounded　考查非谓语动词。句意：清晨，最好在被欧式建筑包围的小巷中漫步。空处修饰名词the alleys，作后置定语，the alleys和surround为逻辑上的动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填surrounded。
8．brings　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：呼吸着充满大海气息的空气，会带来一种非凡的清新和喜悦。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语Breathing in the air filled with the smell of the sea，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填brings。
9．A　考查冠词。句意：走到岛上的阳光岩，可以看到整个厦门市的景色。此处名词walk表示泛指，且发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填A。
10．which　考查定语从句。句意：下午，可以在海边的咖啡馆里享受一杯浓郁的咖啡，偶尔有渔船经过，感觉就像在一幅移动的画中。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。
B
(2024·江西省九江市高三二模)
On Feb.8, 2001, workers at a construction site in Jinsha village, Chengdu, found many pieces of ivory and jade and the hidden ruins of the capital of the ancient Shu Kingdom were brought 1.　　　　 light by archaeologists.Among the over 5,000 precious relics 2.　　　　 (excavate)from the ruins, the most eye-catching is the Golden Sun Bird.It is made from delicate gold foil(箔), just one 3.　　　　 (five)of a millimeter thick.It has two sections：The center is a sun pattern with 12 rays 4.　　　　 (indicate)the rotation(自转)of the sun and around the sun are four birds flying anticlockwise.According to archaeologists, the four birds symbolize four seasons, while the 12 rays 5.　　　　 (mean)to represent 12 months of the year.Hence, it could be inferred that over 3,000 years ago ancient Shu people possessed 6.　　　　 good knowledge of astronomy and nature.Furthermore, this masterpiece is believed to be an illustration of an ancient Chinese myth recorded in the classic The Legends of Mountains and Seas, 7.　　　　 was written about 2,500 years ago.According to the book, ancient people believed the sun was carried up 8.　　　　 down by birds daily.
In 2005, the pattern was 9.　　　　 (successful)selected as the symbol of China's cultural heritage to showcase the ancient Chinese people's 10.　　　　 (wise)and aspirations.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在成都金沙村的一个建筑工地上，考古学家们发现了古蜀国时期的许多象牙和玉器碎片。
1．to　考查介词。句意：2001年2月8日，在成都金沙村的一个建筑工地上，工人们发现了许多象牙和玉器碎片，考古学家们揭开了古蜀国首都的神秘面纱。bring...to light意为“揭示；揭露”。故填to。
2．excavated　考查非谓语动词。句意：在遗址中出土的5,000多件珍贵文物中，最引人注目的是金太阳鸟。excavate作定语，修饰relics，二者之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填excavated。
3．fifth　考查数词。句意：它由精致的金箔制成，只有五分之一毫米厚。此处表示“五分之一”，分母用序数词。故填fifth。
4．indicating　考查非谓语动词。句意：它有两个部分：中心是太阳图案，有12条光线表示太阳的旋转，围绕太阳的是四只逆时针飞行的鸟。此处是with复合结构作定语，indicate和rays之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填indicating。
5．are meant　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：根据考古学家的说法，这四只鸟象征着四季，而12道射线代表着一年中的12个月。mean作谓语，与主语rays是被动关系，描述一般事实用一般现在时，主语是rays是复数。故填are meant。
6．a　考查冠词。句意：因此，3,000多年前的古蜀人就已经具备了良好的天文和自然知识。possess a good knowledge of意为“拥有……的知识”。故填a。
7．which　考查定语从句。句意：此外，这一杰作被认为是2,500年前的经典《山海经》中记载的中国古代神话的例证。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词The Legends of Mountains and Seas在从句中作主语，指物，用关系代词which。故填which。
8．and　考查连词。句意：根据这本书，古代人们相信太阳每天都是由鸟驮着升起和落下的。up and down意为“起起伏伏；上上下下”。故填and。
9．successfully　考查副词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。修饰动词用副词作状语。故填successfully。
10．wisdom　考查名词。句意：2005年，该图案成功入选中国文化遗产标志，展示了中国古代人民的智慧和愿望。名词所有格后用名词形式。故填wisdom。
C
(2024·内蒙古自治区包头市高三一模)
A brief meeting about the “China-France Year of Culture and Tourism in 2024” was held at the Palace Museum in Beijing on Thursday, 1.　　　　 has released a variety of upcoming activities featuring cultural legacy and arts.
2024 marks 2.　　　　 60th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic ties between China and France.The meeting's place, the Palace Museum, was chosen for a reason.Starting from April 1, an art show co-planned by the Palace Museum 3.　　　　 the Palace of Versailles (凡尔赛宫) in Paris, will debut (首次亮相) on site.A pocket watch that once 4.　　　　 (witness) the friendship between France's King Louis ⅪⅤ and the Emperor Kangxi of China's Qing Dynasty will 5.　　　　 (display) among 181 other items.
The rare objects will introduce visitors 6.　　　　 the cultural interactions that took place between the two countries 7.　　　　 (date)back to the second half of the 17th century through the 18th century.
Compared to 8.　　　　 (field) such as painting, music and film, “cultural legacy” is a rather novel field in China-France cooperative exchanges.9.　　　　 (they) efforts in areas like legacy conservation will inspire the world to see how the growth of humanity is independent from different cultural contexts.
Besides shows in China, more than 10 programs will be 10.　　　　 (specific) launched in France to bring Chinese culture to locals in 2024.More than 20 Tang Dynasty treasures will be selected and then exhibited at the Guimet Museum in France in November.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了北京故宫博物院举行的“2024中法文化旅游年”的简短会议上发布了一系列即将举行的文化遗产和艺术活动。
1．which　考查定语从句。句意：周四，关于“2024中法文化旅游年”的简短会议在北京故宫博物院举行，发布了一系列即将举行的文化遗产和艺术活动。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为meeting，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2．the　考查冠词。句意：2024年是中法建交60周年。根据“60th anniversary”可知，此处表示特指，序数词前面要加定冠词。故填the。
3．and　考查连词。句意：从4月1日开始，由故宫博物院和巴黎凡尔赛宫共同策划的艺术展览将在现场首次亮相。the Palace Museum和the Palace of Versailles为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
4．witnessed　考查时态。句意：一只曾见证了法国国王路易十四和中国清朝康熙皇帝之间的友谊的怀表，将与其他181件物品一起展出。that引导定语从句，空处为从句的谓语，结合once可知，句子为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填witnessed。
5．be displayed　考查语态。句意：一只曾见证了法国国王路易十四和中国清朝康熙皇帝之间的友谊的怀表，将与其他181件物品一起展出。分析句子结构可知，主语为watch，与display构成被动关系，句子陈述将来发生的事情，应用一般将来时的被动语态。故填be displayed。
6．to　考查介词。句意：这些罕见的物品将向游客介绍两国之间从17世纪下半叶到18世纪的文化互动。introduce sb.to sth.意为“使某人初次了解某物/介绍给某人某物”，to是介词。故填to。
7．dating　考查非谓语动词。句意：这些罕见的物品将向游客介绍两国之间从17世纪下半叶到18世纪的文化互动。空处表示“追溯到”，用于修饰the cultural interactions作后置定语，此处interactions与date为主动关系，用现在分词。故填dating。
8．fields　考查名词的数。句意：与绘画、音乐、电影等领域相比，“文化遗产”是中法合作交流中较为新颖的领域。field是可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，作to的宾语。故填fields。
9．Their　考查代词。句意：他们在遗产保护等领域的努力将激励世界看到人类的成长如何独立于不同的文化背景。空处用形容词性物主代词作定语修饰efforts。放在句首，首字母需大写。故填Their。
10．specifically　考查副词。句意：除了在中国的演出，2024年还将专门在法国推出10多个节目，将中国文化带给当地人。此处修饰动词be launched，应用副词specifically“专门地”，作状语。故填specifically。
语法填空(二)
A
(2024·安徽省合肥市高三一模)
There is a Chinese story of an old man in his 90s working with his family to remove mountains to connect the outside world 1.　　　　 others' doubts.The story has inspired the Chinese to unite and overcome difficulty with 2.　　　　 (determine) and hard work.
The story became a reality in Lin County, Henan Province in the 1960s.A 1,500-kilometer-long waterway along the cliffs (悬崖) of the Taihang Mountains 3.　　　　 (build) by the local people within 10 years, bringing precious water from the Zhanghe River in the bordering Shanxi Province to the drought-hit area.
Initially, finding drinking water was 4.　　　　 headache for residents：People had to fetch water from five kilometers away every day.5.　　　　 (ease) this area's water shortages, the local government decided to construct a canal across the mountains, 6.　　　　 construction was a remarkable engineering achievement.
People tied ropes around their waists and 7.　　　　 (hang) off cliffs, drilling holes in rock, and then dug canals with simple tools.From February 1960 to July 1969, they leveled 1,250 mountain tops and dug 211 tunnels (隧道), 8.　　　　 (remove) 22.25 million cubic meters of earth and rocks.
Their efforts gained multiple 9.　　　　 (benefit)．It was the canal that 10.　　　　 (dramatic) changed the life of the local people, irrigating (灌溉) 36,000 hectares of land and solving water supply difficulties to some 567,000 people.Their deeds have been hailed (称颂) as the “spirit of the Red Flag Canal.”
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了上世纪60年代，河南省林县人民在10年内沿着太行山的悬崖修建了一条1,500公里长的水道，将宝贵水资源输送到干旱地区。
1．despite　考查介词。句意：中国有这样一个故事：一位90多岁的老人不顾别人的怀疑，和家人一起拆除大山，连接外面的世界。后跟名词作宾语，表示“不顾”应用介词despite。故填despite。
2．determination　考查名词。句意：这个故事激励了中国人团结起来，用决心和努力克服困难。作介词with的宾语，应用名词determination。故填determination。
3．was built　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当地人民在10年内沿着太行山的悬崖修建了一条1,500公里长的水道，将与山西接壤的漳河的宝贵水资源输送到干旱地区。主语与谓语构成被动关系，根据后文“within 10 years”可知发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为A 1,500-kilometer-long waterway，谓语用单数。故填was built。
4．a　考查冠词。句意：最初，寻找饮用水对居民来说是件头疼的事：人们不得不每天从五公里外的地方打水。此处headache为泛指，且是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
5．To ease　考查非谓语动词。句意：为了缓解这一地区的缺水问题，当地政府决定在山区修建一条运河，这是一项了不起的工程成就。分析句子结构可知，ease在句中作目的状语，应用不定式，首字母需大写。故填To ease。
6．whose　考查定语从句。句意：为了缓解这一地区的缺水问题，当地政府决定在山区修建一条运河，这是一项了不起的工程成就。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词canal，关系词在从句作定语，应用whose。故填whose。
7．hung　考查时态。句意：人们把绳子系在腰上，挂在悬崖上，在岩石上钻孔，然后用简单的工具挖运河。根据“People tied ropes around their waists and”可知为一般过去时。故填hung。
8．removing　考查非谓语动词。句意：从1960年2月到1969年7月，他们夷平了1,250座山顶，挖了211条隧道，移走了2,225万立方米的土石。分析句子结构可知，remove与逻辑主语they构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填removing。
9．benefits　考查名词的数。句意：他们的努力获得了多方面的好处。根据multiple可知，benefit应用复数形式。故填benefits。
10．dramatically　考查副词。句意：正是这条运河极大地改变了当地人民的生活，灌溉了3.6万公顷土地，解决了约567,000人的供水困难。修饰动词change应用副词dramatically。故填dramatically。
B
(2024·广东省高州市高三三模)
The centuries-old traditional Chinese medicine scraping (刮) massage, gua sha, has become a fashion among young people on the mainland who show off the bruises (淤青) it creates.
1.　　　　 the youth lifestyle social media platform, a young woman using the account name @hua posted pictures of herself wearing a T-shirt, in which she showed her bruises and described them as “cool”．She is one of many who regard gua sha as an efficient way to ease muscle pains and 2.　　　　 (tired)．
Many shared 3.　　　　 (they) gua sha experiences and tips, such as using homemade scraping tools and different meridians (经脉) on the body to relax.
The meridians 4.　　　　 (translate) from jing mai in Chinese, refer to paths through which the life energy 5.　　　　 (flow) in the body and to organs.
The practice, also known as scraping and coining, is 6.　　　　 exceptional form of traditional Chinese massage (按摩) that uses a small and flat tool to scrape the surface of skin along the meridians, 7.　　　　 (leave) red bruising as a sign of released toxins.
The folk-treatment 8.　　　　 originated in ancient China has enjoyed huge popularity among the older generation.The treatment is used for 9.　　　　 (condition) considered not serious enough to go to hospital, according to an article in the magazine Sanlian Life Lab.
Some describe gua sha as “the Chinese way to cure the stress from the workplace” saying the pain and stress that 10.　　　　 (bring) by a session bear more pleasure than parties or a weekend at the seaside.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。短文介绍了中国传统中医中的刮痧被越来越多的年轻人所喜欢。
1．On　考查介词。句意：在这个年轻人生活方式的社交媒体平台上，一名名为@hua的年轻女子发布了自己穿着T恤的照片，照片中她露出了身上的瘀伤，并形容它们“很酷”。“在社交平台上”用介词on，置于句首，首字母需大写。故填On。
2．tiredness　考查名词。句意：她和许多人一样，认为刮痧是缓解肌肉疼痛和疲劳的有效方法。ease后接不可数名词tiredness作宾语。故填tiredness。
3．their　考查代词。句意：许多人分享了他们的刮痧经验和技巧，比如使用自制的刮痧工具和身体上不同的经络来放松。形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。
4．translated　考查非谓语动词。句意：经络翻译自中文的经脉，指的是生命能量在身体和器官中流动的路径。The meridians与translate在逻辑上是被动关系，用过去分词作定语。故填translated。
5．flows　考查时态和主谓一致。句意：经络翻译自中文的经脉，指的是生命能量在身体和器官中流动的路径。陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为不可数名词，谓语为单数。故填flows。
6．an　考查冠词。句意：这种做法，也被称为刮痧，是中国传统按摩的一种特殊形式，使用一个小而扁平的工具沿着经络刮擦皮肤表面，留下红色瘀伤，作为释放毒素的标志。泛指“一种特殊形式”，用不定冠词修饰名词，且exceptional首字母的发音为元音音素。故填an。
7．leaving　考查非谓语动词。句意：这种做法，也被称为刮痧，是中国传统按摩的一种特殊形式，使用一个小而扁平的工具沿着经络刮擦皮肤表面，留下红色瘀伤，作为释放毒素的标志。表示自然而然的结果，用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。
8．that/which　考查定语从句。句意：这种起源于中国古代的民间习俗在老一辈中非常流行。先行词为The folk-treatment，作定语从句的主语，用关系代词为that或者which。故填that/which。
9．conditions　考查名词的数。句意：根据《三联生命实验室》杂志上的一篇文章，这种治疗方法用于被认为不严重到需要去医院的情况。condition为可数名词，无不定冠词修饰和限定，用复数形式表示泛指。故填conditions。
10．are brought　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：一些人将刮痧描述为“中国人治疗工作压力的方式”，他们表示，刮痧带来的痛苦和压力比聚会或海边的周末更令人愉悦。先行词为the pain and stress，that指代先行词作定语从句的主语，且与谓语bring为被动关系，句子在陈述事实，为一般现在时的被动语态，且主语是复数。故填are brought。
C
(2024·湘豫名校联考高三一模)
One sunny day in the late spring of 353, a party took place with 40-some poets, scholars, and artists 1.　　　　 (play) a drinking game by a river in Lanting, or the “Orchid Pavilion”， a hilly southwestern suburb of Shaoxing.They floated cups of wine in the flow of the stream.2.　　　　 the cup stopped in front of a guest, he had to compose a poem.
A total of 37 poems 3.　　　　 (write) that day, but it was the foreword to the poetry collection by famed calligrapher Wang Xizhi, titled “Preface to the Poems Collected from the Orchid Pavilion”， that made this party one of the best 4.　　　　 (know) in Chinese literary history.In 324 words, Wang described the event while expressing his passion 5.　　　　 life.The naturally-flowing strokes, a product of his outstanding skills and the 6.　　　　 (inspire) of the moment have led the “Preface” to be regarded 7.　　　　 (wide) as the best semi-cursive calligraphy(行书) work ever.
Today, visitors can go to the “Orchid Pavilion” area, 8.　　　　 elegant garden complex on the former site of the party, 9.　　　　 includes a calligraphy museum, a pavilion, and a pond, all 10.　　　　 (surround) by thick bamboo forests.In downtown Shaoxing—a world of alleyways, green canals, ancient bridges and graying whitewashed houses, one can also visit a number of scenery sites connected with Wang's stories from his time there.
【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国文学史上因《兰亭集序》而闻名的一次宴会——兰亭聚会，以及现在的兰亭。
1．playing　考查非谓语动词。句意：公元353年春末的一个晴朗日子里，在绍兴城西南部、依山傍水的兰亭(又称“兰渚之亭”)，一群诗人、学者和艺术家共四十余人在此举行了一场饮酒游戏。分析句子结构可知，空处在with复合结构中作宾语补足语，动词play与宾语poets、scholars和artists构成逻辑上的主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填playing。
2．When　考查连词。句意：当杯子停在客人面前时，他不得不写一首诗。分析句子结构可知，空处应用连词when引导时间状语从句，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填When。
3．were written　考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：当天共有37首诗作诞生，但真正令这场聚会成为中国文学史上最为人所知的，是著名书法家王羲之所写的诗集序言——《兰亭集序》。根据时间状语that day可知，句子应用一般过去时，动词write与句子主语poems构成逻辑上的被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数。故填were written。
4．known　考查形容词。句意：当天共有37首诗作诞生，但真正令这场聚会成为中国文学史上最为人所知的，是著名书法家王羲之所写的诗集序言——《兰亭集序》。空处应用形容词known“出名的”，one of the best known后省略了parties。故填known。
5．for　考查介词。句意：王用324字描述了这一事件，同时表达了他对生活的热情。passion for意为“对……的热情”。故填for。
6．inspiration　考查名词。句意：《兰亭集序》中流畅自然的笔画，王羲之超群的技艺和当时即兴触发的灵感使得这篇序言被广泛认为是有史以来最杰出的行书作品。由the和of可知，空处应用名词inspiration，为不可数名词。故填inspiration。
7．widely　考查副词。句意：《兰亭集序》中流畅自然的笔画，王羲之超群的技艺和当时即兴触发的灵感使得这篇序言被广泛认为是有史以来最杰出的行书作品。空处应用副词widely修饰动词regarded。故填widely。
8．an　考查冠词。句意：今天，游客可以去“兰亭”区，这是一个优雅的花园建筑群，位于聚会的旧址上，包括一个书法博物馆、一个亭子和一个池塘，周围被茂密的竹林环绕。空处应用不定冠词，泛指一个，elegant以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。故填an。
9．which　考查定语从句。句意：今天，游客可以去“兰亭”区，这是一个优雅的花园建筑群，位于聚会的旧址上，包括一个书法博物馆、一个亭子和一个池塘，周围被茂密的竹林环绕。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词complex，指代物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。
10．surrounded　考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，游客可以去“兰亭”区，这是一个优雅的花园建筑群，位于聚会的旧址上，包括一个书法博物馆、一个亭子和一个池塘，周围被茂密的竹林环绕。动词surround与all构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词的形式。故填surrounded。
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