外研版(2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 War and peace Grammar课件(共106张PPT)

文档属性

名称 外研版(2019)选择性必修 第三册Unit 3 War and peace Grammar课件(共106张PPT)
格式 pptx
文件大小 1.1MB
资源类型 教案
版本资源 外研版(2019)
科目 英语
更新时间 2025-04-27 16:38:33

图片预览

文档简介

(共106张PPT)
Using language: Grammar
Unit 3 War and peace
In this class, you will be able to
observe the example sentences to identify and summarize the form and usage of subject-verb agreement when collective nouns serve as subjects;
employ subject-verb agreement to fulfill discourse activities.
Learning objectives
CONTENTS
一、高考真题—主谓一致三大考点33例
二、备考干货—主谓一致三大考向+思维导图+考点梳理
三、单句填空—最新高频易错典型题35例
四、读后续写—巧用主谓一致助力书面表达10例(高考真题语料)
五、语篇模拟—纯主谓一致语法填空+大足石刻的历史价值
六、原创语填—传统手工艺品灯笼的起源与创新
PART ONE
01
一、高考真题分类通关
—3大考点30例
1. (2024九省联考卷)Fountain pens __________ (use) in schools long ago and have been regaining popularity lately because they are refillable.
答案:were used
解析:考查动词时态和语态。句意:钢笔很久以前就在学校里使用了,最近又重新流行起来,因为它们可以重新填充。空格处作谓语,根据时间状语long ago可知,应用一般过去时,主语Fountain pens和动词use之间是被动关系,应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were used。
考点一:语法一致
2.(2024浙江1月卷)Over the last two years, some supermarkets __________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份).
答案:have started
解析:考查现在完成时。句意:在过去的两年里,一些超市开始销售鸡肉或沙拉包装,设计成两半,拆分成两份。根据“Over the last two years”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词start意为“开始”。故填have started。
考点一:语法一致
3.(2023北京卷)Up to now, China __________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
答案:has established
解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,中国已经建立了一些红树林保护区。由Up to now(到目前为止)可知,句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has established。
考点一:语法一致
4.(2023全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I _________ (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
答案:was amazed
解析:考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
考点一:语法一致
5.(2023北京卷)Years later, having moved to France. I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest _________ (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
答案:had arrived
解析:考查动词时态。句意:多年以后,搬到法国后,我在约定的时间赴宴,却发现没有其他客人到场,女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前,属于“过去的过去”,应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
考点一:语法一致
6.(2022北京卷)The use of those plastics _________(increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
答案:has increased
解析:考查现在完成时。句意:自从2019年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019,可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has increased。
考点一:语法一致
7.(2022新高考I卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority to increase effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
答案:were
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在that引导的限制性定语从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。
考点一:语法一致
8.(2022全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao _________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s highest mountain.
答案:has walked
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:在过去的五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。
考点一:语法一致
9.(2022北京卷)The use of those plastics _________ (increase) by 300% since 2019. The world won’t survive if this situation continues.
答案:has increased
【解析】考查现在完成时。句意:自从2019年,那些塑料的使用已经增加了300%。根据句中since 2019,可知此处用现在完成时。主语The use of those plastics为单数含义,助动词用has。故填has increased。
考点一:语法一致
10.(2022浙江1月卷)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics - many of them climate scientists _________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago.
答案:have promised
【解析】考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有200个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时,故填have promised。
考点一:语法一致
11.(2022新高考I卷)The GPNP _________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
答案:is designed
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语,和句子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。故填is designed。
考点一:语法一致
12.(2022北京卷)Gas naturally (have) no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
答案:has
解析:考查主谓一致。句意:气体本来没有可识别的味道。分析句子结构可知空格处的动词作谓语,本句话是在陈述客观事实,应用一般现在时态,且主语gas在本文中指的是气体的统称,为不可数名词,所以谓语动词要用单三形式。故填has。
考点一:语法一致
13.(2021新高考II卷)I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris.
答案:was
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。
考点一:语法一致
14.(2021浙江1月卷)It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 _________ (consider) healthy.
答案:is considered
【解析】考查动词时态。这里涉及到句式结构的分析,前面有and连接,所以and 后面的句子是需要有完整谓语的,BMI属于专有名词,用谓语is considered 即可。
考点一:语法一致
15.(2021浙江卷)Mary’s niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint) white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty, and her house was a reflection of herself, everything in good taste and in perfect order.
答案:was painted
【解析】考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态;根据上文的was built可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/were+过去分词;主语The little home是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。
考点一:语法一致
16.(2021新高考I卷)What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it _________ (be) for the people then to put all those rocks into place.
答案:was
【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。主语是第三人称单数it,时间状语是then,所以用was。
考点一:语法一致
17.(2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It _________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).
答案:was built
【解析】句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。
考点一:语法一致
18.(2021北京卷)There _________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
答案: has been
【解析】考查动词时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知,此处使用现在完成时,a dramatic rise是单数感念,助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
考点一:考查动词时态语态用法,且句中有明确的时间状语提示。
19.(2019全国II卷)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _________(make) over the years.
答案:have made
解析:考查动词时态。根据该定于从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知,此处用现在完成时态,句意:我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。
考点一:语法一致
20.(2022新高考II卷)Henry _________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony.
答案:was fixing
【解析】句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据空后的when he heard the screams,可知,这是“was/were doing…when…”句型,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。
考点一:语法一致
21.(2019北京卷)As it 30 (connect) things,your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
答案:connects
解析:考查时态。句意:当它连接事物时,你的大脑将它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知,空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数it,所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。
考点一:语法一致
22.(2019北京卷)As it 30 (connect) things,your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream.
答案:connects
解析:考查时态。句意:当它连接事物时,你的大脑将它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到了一个梦。由主句谓语动词turns可知,空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数it,所以空处谓语动词需用单数。故填connects。
考点一:语法一致
23.(2020新高考)The parts of a museum open to the public _________ (call) galleries or rooms.
答案:are called
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用,应使用一般现在时;主语与call是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数概念。故填are called。
考点一:语法一致
24. (2006天津)What we used to think _______(be) impossible now does seem possible.
答案:was。
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。used to do表示“过去常常会”,因此谓语应用一般过去时;同时从句作主语位于应用单数,故答案是was。
考点一:语法一致
25. (2010湖南)Listening to loud music at rock concerts ___________(cause) hearing loss in some teenagers.
答案:has caused
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。动名词短语作主语,谓语动词应用单数,结合语境应用现在完成时,故答案是has caused。
考点一:语法一致
26. (2008陕西)–Did you go to the show last night
–Yeah. Every boy and girl in the area___________ (invite).
答案: was invited
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。由and连接的并列单数主语的前边如果分别有each, every 或no修饰时,其谓语要用单数形式。结合语境应用一般过去时的被动语态。故答案是was invited。
考点一:语法一致
27. (2012湖南) All the scientific evidence _____(show) that increasing use of chemicals in farming _______ (be) damaging our health.
答案:shows; is
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。evidence表示“证据”,是不可数名词,谓语用单数;后半句主语是increasing use,仍是单数。故答案是shows; is。
考点一:语法一致
28. (2017江苏)The publication of Great Expectations, which ___________ (be) both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens, status as a leading novelist.
答案:was
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。Great Expectations是英国小说家狄更斯的名著《远大前程》,表示书籍、单位等概念应视为单数;结合语境应用一般过去时,故答案是was。
考点二:意义一致。
29.(2021北京卷)There __________ (be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, caused largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
答案:has been
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知,此处使用现在完成时,a dramatic rise是单数感念,助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。
考点三:就近一致。
30. (2019江苏) The musician along with his band members ______________(give) ten performances in the last three months.
答案:has given
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。in the last three months常与现在完成时连用;along with his band members是介词短语,真正主语是The musician。故答案是has given。
考点三:就近一致
31. (2019天津)Amy, as well as her brothers, _____________ (give) a welcome when returning to the village last week.
答案:was given
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。last week常与一般过去时连用;as well as her brothers表示“也,而且”,谓语与真正的主语Tom保持一致,单数意义,又是被动语态。故答案是was given。
考点三:就近一致。
32. (2017天津)Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _____________(regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise.
答案:is regarded
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。Nowadays常与一般现在时连用;along with jogging and swimming是介词短语,真正主语是cycling,单数意义,又是被动含义。故答案是is regarded。
考点三:就近一致
33. (2009湖南)Either you or one of your students _______ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
答案: is
【解析】考查动词时态及语态。either…or…表示“或者……或者……”,这里距离谓语最近的主语是one of your students,单数意义。be to do表示按计划将要发生,故答案是is。
考点三:就近一致
PART TWO
02
二、主谓一致
复习备考策略
动向一、语法一致
动向二、意义一致
动向三、就近一致
一、主谓一致高考考向归纳
二、主谓一致考点思维导图
三、主谓一致高频考点梳理
(一)语法一致
1. 动词不定式、动词-ing形式和名词性从句作主语,谓语动词一般用单数。
Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day.
忙碌一天后,听音乐能使我放松。
[名师点津] what引导的从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式,但如果从句表示复数意义,则谓语动词用复数形式。
What the school needs are qualified teachers. 这所学校需要的是有资质的老师。
2.and,both ...and...连接两个不同的主语时,谓语动词用复数形式;但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting room.
她的老师和朋友都在起居室。
三、主谓一致高频考点梳理
(一)语法一致
3.定语从句中关系代词作主语时,从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。
My friend showed me around the town, which was very attractive.
我的朋友带我参观了这个小镇,这个小镇非常迷人。
4.“many a/more than one+单数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用单数。each,every,no所修饰的名词作主语时,即使由and连接,谓语动词仍用单数。
Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process.
很多父母亲不得不经历同样的痛苦过程。
Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party to be held on Sunday.
每个男生和女生都希望参加周日举行的聚会。
三、主谓一致高频考点梳理
(一)语法一致
5.如果主语后面有 as well as, with, along with, together with, rather than, but, except, besides, including, in addition to, in common with 等词加其他名词时,谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。
The teacher, as well as his students, was very excited.
老师和学生都很兴奋。
三、主谓一致高频考点梳理
(二)就近一致
1.由 or, nor, either... or..., neither... nor..., not only... but also...,not...but...等连接并列主语时,谓语动词的单复数常和离它最近的主语保持一致。
Not only he but also his family are keen on concerts.
不仅他而且他的家人都热衷于听音乐会。
2.there be 句型中,主语是两个或多个并列名词时,be的形式与其最邻近的主语保持一致。
There is a computer and three chairs in my new office.
在我的新办公室里有一台电脑和三把椅子。
三、主谓一致高频考点梳理
(三)意义一致
1.集体名词作主语时,若被看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式;若被看作构成集体的一个个成员,谓语动词用复数形式。常见的集体名词有family, class, team, group, public, committee government, audience等。
The whole class are told to stay behind after school.
全班的学生被告知放学后留下。
2.“分数/百分数/the majority +of+名词”作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后名词的数以及其表示的意义; all, some, half, most, the rest等作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语实际表达的意义。
About one third of the books are written by him.
这些书中大约有三分之一是他写的。
三、主谓一致高频考点梳理
(三)意义一致
3.“a number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式,意为“许多”;“the number of+名词复数”作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式,意为“……的数量”。
A number of countries have engaged in space lectures.
许多国家参与了空间讲座
The number of people asking to go there is on the increase.
要求去那儿的人数在增加。
三、主谓一致高频考点梳理
(三)意义一致
4.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等的复数名词作主语时,通常被看作整体,谓语动词用单数形式。
Three thousand dollars is quite a lot of money for a child.
3000美元对于一个孩子来说是一大笔钱。
5.“the+形容词”表示一类人,在句中作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The sick have been cured and the lost have been found.
患病的人被治愈,同时失踪的人也被找到了。
PART THREE
03
三、主谓一致
单句填空强化通关
1.(2022上 福建厦门 校考期中)Many Americans who travelled west _________ (strike) by the charm of the Yosemite Val in the past.
【答案】were struck
【详解】考查动词语态。句意:过去许多到西部旅游的美国人都被约塞米蒂山谷的魅力所吸引。分析句子可知,空处在句中为谓语,结合句中“in the past”可知,时态为一般过去时;句子主语“many Americans”为复数含义,与动词“strike”为动宾关系,所以空处用一般过去时的被动语态,be动词使用were。故填were struck。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
2.(2024下 课时练习)You can be the one who _________ (direct) the conversation to fun topics that _________ (be) ripe for others to add humor.
【答案】 directs; are
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:你可以把谈话引导到有趣的话题上,让其他人加入幽默。分析句子可知,who引导定语从句,先行词为the one,指代人,作从句的主语,结合句意可知,本句为一般现在时,从句的谓语用第三人称单数形式directs;that引导定语从句,先行词为topics,指代物,作从句的主语,从句be动词用复数形式are。故填①directs;②are。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
3.(2024下 课时练习)I see libraries as a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that _________ (help) put together a reader with a book.
【答案】helps
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我认为图书馆是读者和作家的避风港,是连接读者和书籍的桥梁。根据上文see可知为一般现在时,定语从句中谓语与先行词bridge保持一致,用三单形式。故填helps。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
4.(2020下 江西南昌 校联考期末)A number of new houses _________ (have) been built there.
【答案】have
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:那儿已建了许多新房子。根据句意用现在完成时。主语是new houses复数,谓语动词用have。故填have。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
5.(2024下 全国 专题练习)A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle-aged in this city ____________ in favour of the proposal on health care reform.
【答案】were
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意:去年进行的一项调查显示,该市80%的中年人赞成医疗改革的建议。通过分析句子结构并翻译语境可知,主句时态为一般过去时,根据时态一致性可知从句中时态也为一般过去时,且从句中主语80% of the middle-aged是复数,按照主谓一致原则,因此使用be动词were。故填were。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
6.(2024上 课时练习)I _________ (appoint) take charge of arranging all the activities on that day.
【答案】was appointed to
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:我被指派负责安排那天的所有活动。分析句子可知,空处作句子的谓语,appoint“指派”和主语I之间是被动的关系,需用被动语态,且此处应该是叙述过去发生的事情,时态应用一般过去时,主语为I,be动词应用was,再结合空后“take charge of”可知,此处用动词短语appoint sb.to do sth.表示“指派某人做某事”,was appointed后需有不定式标志词to。故填was appointed to
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
7.(2024上 课时练习)Nine persons _________ (claim) their lives in the car crash and the other two also died on the way to the hospital.
【答案】were claimed
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:九人在车祸中丧生,另外两人也在送往医院的途中死亡。分析句子结构和意思可知,这句话描述的是过去的事情,谓语用一般过去时,主语Nine persons和动词claim是被动关系,用被动语态,be动词用were。故填were claimed。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
8.(2024上 课时练习)It is reported that one -third of the food Americans eat _________ (depend) upon foreign raw materials and the great majority of the people _________ (get) used to it.
【答案】depends; get
【详解】考查时态、动词短语。句意:据报道,美国人吃的食物有三分之一依赖于外国原材料,绝大多数人已经习惯了。分析句子结构,这是一个包含主语从句的复合句,主语从句中包含两个并列句,两个空白处分别在句子中作谓语,因句子表示的是客观情况,谓语动词使用一般现在时。因第一个句子的主语one third of the food Americans eat为单数,谓语动词使用单数第三人称形式;第二个句子的主语the great majority of the people为复数,谓语动词使用动词原形,故填depends;get。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
9.(2023上 甘肃 校考阶段练习)Every year in September or October, the Mid Autumn Festival _________ (celebrate) by the Chinese people all over the world.
【答案】is celebrated
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:每年的九月或十月,世界各地的华人都庆祝中秋节。此处在句中作谓语,句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,主语the Mid Autumn Festival和动词celebrate是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语是the Mid Autumn Festival,be动词应用is,故填is celebrated。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
10.(2023上 江苏 校考阶段练习)This is the third time that she _________ (respond) to my question.
【答案】has responded
【详解】考查固定句型和时态。句意:这是她第三次回应我的问题。This is the first(second...)time that ...是固定句型,表示“某人第几次做某事”,从句用现在完成时态,主语she是第三人称,谓语动词用单数。故填has responded。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
11.(2024上 课时练习)—How about eight o’clock at the cinema
—That _________ (suit) me fine.
【答案】suits
【详解】考查时态。句意:—八点钟电影院外见怎么样?—那很适合我。 根据语境可知,句子描述的是现在的对话,应用一般现在时,主语为that,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式,故填suits。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
12. (2024上 高二课时练习)So far more than one farmer singer _________ (appear) on the stage of the Spring Festival Gala.
【答案】has appeared
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:到目前为止,不止一位农民歌手出现在春晚的舞台上。根据“So far”可知句子应用现在完成时,当“more than one”后面跟的是单数名词时,谓语动词应该用单数形式,故填has appeared。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
13.(2024上 高二课时练习)—What about your new clothes
—They are a little expensive but the cloth _________ (wash) well.
【答案】washes
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意:——你的新衣服怎么样?——它们有点贵,但这种布很好洗。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词,结合句意可知,此处表示主语the cloth的特征或属性,所以此处使用主动形式,结合上文中的谓语动词are可知,此处应是一般现在时,句子主语为第三人称单数。故填washes。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
14.(2024上 高二课时练习)It is said that the new dictionaries are very useful and _________ (sell) out already.
【答案】have been sold
【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:据说新词典很有用,已经卖完了。分析句子结构可知,此处应为谓语动词,根据句意和already可知,此处应使用现在完成时,sell out与主语the new dictionaries之间为被动关系,所以此处使用现在完成时的被动语态,且主语为名词复数。故填have been sold。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
15.(2024上 高二课时练习)In the move, most of the furniture _________ (be) left to the neighbours or distributed among friends.
【答案】was
【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:搬家时,他把大部分家具留给邻居或分给朋友。根据句意可知,描述过去发生的事情用一般过去时,“家具被留给邻居”应用被动语态be done的形式,“furniture”是不可数名词,故be动词用第三人称单数形式。故填was。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
16.(2024上 高二课时练习)The number of people, who have access to their own cars, _________ (rise) sharply in the past decade.
【答案】has risen
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在过去的十年里,拥有自己汽车的人数急剧增加。rise是主句谓语动词,根据时间状语in the past decade可知,表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响,应用现在完成时,主语为固定短语“the number of +名词”,表示“……的数量”,视为单数,助动词用has。故填has risen。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
17.(2023上 高一单元测试)Two thirds of my class _________ (be) good at English, so I will try my best to catch up with them.
【答案】are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我们班三分之二的人英语很好,所以我要尽我最大的努力赶上他们。“分数+of+名词”作主语时,其谓语动词形式要以of后面的名词而定。此处class指的是班里的学生,学生不止一个,且陈述事实用一般现在时,be动词使用are。故填are。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
18.(2023上 高一课时练习)The writer and singer _________ (come) from a remote village.
【答案】comes
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这位作家兼歌手来自一个偏远的村庄。分析句子可知,空处作谓语,句子描述一般性的事实,时态应用一般现在时,主语The writer and singer“这位作家兼歌手”指的是一个人,come需用第三人称单数形式。故填comes。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
19.(2023上 高三课时练习)It is 7 o’clock now and my family _________ (be) eating supper.
【答案】are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:现在是7点钟,我的家人正在吃晚饭。根据句中“It is 7 o’clock now”可知设空处为现在进行时,句中my family指家庭成员,谓语动词应用复数,故填are。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
20.(2023上 全国 高三随堂练习)Early to bed and early to rise _________ (be)a good habit.
【答案】is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:早睡早起是个好习惯。结合句意可知,此处描述的为客观事实,所以使用一般现在时,Early to bed and early to rise意为“早睡早起”是一个整体概念,所以be动词应该用is。故填is。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
21. (2023上 全国 随堂练习)“All _________ (be)present and all _________ (be)going on well.” our monitor said.
【答案】 are, is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意:“所有人都来了,一切都很顺利。”我们的班长说。由句意知空①前的all表示“所有人”,作主语,谓语动词应用复数形式,空②前的all表示“一切情况;所有”作主语,谓语动词应用单数形式,此处为直接引语,应用一般现在时。故空①答案为are,空②答案为is。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
22.(2021上 课时练习)The family settled in New York in 1980 and _________ (live) there ever since.
【答案】has lived
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这家人于1980年在纽约定居,此后一直住在那里。根据句中的时间状语ever since,这里应用现在完成时。主语为The family,在这里强调整体,所以谓语应用单数形式。故填has lived。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
23.(2021上 课时练习)Only the father earns some money while the rest of the family _________ (depend) on him.
【答案】depend
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:只有父亲挣一些钱,而家里的其他人都依靠他。根据句中earns可知,用一般现在时。主语是 the rest of the family,且family指的是“家人”,表示复数意义,谓语动词用复数。故填depend。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
24.(2023下 校考单元测试)My family _________ (be) not large, but my family _________ (be) all music lovers.
【答案】is; are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我的家庭不大,但我的家人都是音乐爱好者。句子在描述当下的情况,时态宜用一般现在时,根据“not large”可知,第一空前的My family指家庭这个整体概念,谓语动词应用单数形式,根据“all music lovers”可知,第二空前的my family指家庭中的每个成员,谓语动词应用复数形式。故依次填is和are。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
25.(2023上 课时练习)Look! The cattle _________ (be) eating grass near the river. What a peaceful scene it is!
【答案】are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:看!牛群正在河边吃草呢。多么平和的景象呀! 根据句中“Look!”可知,描述当前正在发生的事情,句中应用现在进行时态;主语cattle是集体名词,做主语时谓语动词常用复数,所以系动词用are,构成现在进行时态。故填are。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
26.(2024上 课时练习)I still hold the opinion that neither my wife nor I myself _________ (be)to blame for the accident.
【答案】am
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我仍然认为事故不应归咎于我妻子和我自己。句子描述现在的一般情况,应用一般现在时,neither...nor“既不……也不……”连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词采用就近原则,故空处be的形式应和I myself保持一致。故填am。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
27.(2024上 高三课时练习)When they got home they found that their house __________ (break) into and a lot of valuable things had been stolen.
【答案】is
【详解】考查一般现在时。句意:在我看来,不是你,而是他对事故负责。be responsible for为固定搭配,表示“对……负责”,本句讲述的是一般事实,应用一般现在时,not …but…应用就近一致原则,be应和he保持一致,故填is。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
28.(2023上 课时练习)Not only the local people but also the expert _________ (be) brave enough to fight with the flood.
【答案】was
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:不仅是当地人,就连专家也勇敢地与洪水作斗争。分析句子可知,be动词是谓语动词,根据句意用一般过去时,not only...but also...连接主语,谓语采取就近原则,与最近的主语保持一致,the expert是单数,谓语动词用单数,故填was。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
29.(2023下 课时练习)Not only the swimmers but also the coach _________ (try) to save the drowning girl now.
【答案】is trying
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:不仅是游泳运动员,还有教练,现在都在努力救那个落水女孩。not only... but also...连接并列主语时采用“就近原则”,即谓语动词要和与其最近的主语保持人称和数的一致,又根据时间状语now可知此处应填现在进行时,故填is trying。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
30.(2022下 全国 专题练习)It is you rather than he who _________ (be) responsible for the children’s safety.
【答案】are
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:对孩子们的安全负责的是你而不是他。分析句子可知,句子是强调句型,强调主语you rather than he,空处在who引导的从句中作谓语,且rather than连接两个主语时,谓语动词应与rather than前面的主语,即you保持一致,由is和句意可知,句子描述一般性事实,应用一般现在时,故填are。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
31.(2023 课时练习)Neither he nor I _________ (be) well-educated, which keeps us from finding a desirable job.
【答案】am
【详解】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意:他和我都没有受过良好的教育,这使我们找不到理想的工作。neither… nor…连接两个主语时,谓语的单复数采用就近原则,即主语看I,且从句谓语keeps是一般现在时。故填am。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
32.(2023 全国 专题练习)Either you or one of your workmates _________ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:不是你就是你的一个同事要参加明天既定的会议。固定短语“either...or...”连接两个主语时,谓语动词的单复数采取就近原则,故根据“one of your workmates”可知,谓语动词应用单数;由时间状语“tomorrow”及句意可知,应用一般将来时,be to do表示将要发生的动作。故填is。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
33.(2022下 全国 专题练习)Tom, along with his parents, _________ (be) going to pay a visit to China next month.
【答案】is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:汤姆和他的父母打算下个月去中国访问。根据时间状语next month可知,用一般将来时。along with连接前后两个主语时,谓语动词应和前面的那个主语保持一致。根据句意,故填is。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
34.(2022下 全国 专题练习)The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There _________ (stand) a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure.
【答案】stands
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:公共广场是这个城市引人注目的景观。那里立着一尊著名历史人物的石雕。句子是there be句型的变式,动词的形式依据就近原则来确定,句子描述客观事实,时态用一般现在时,主语“a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure”是单数,因此谓语动词也用第三人称单数,故填stands。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
35.(2022上 全国 专题练习)_________ (be) either he or you to host the Talent Show in our school this year
【答案】Is
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:今年是他还是你来主持我们学校的才艺表演 either…or…表示“是……还是……”,连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则,本句是一般疑问句,因此谓语的一部分移到句首,距离谓语最近主语是he,是单数意义,由this year可知,句子时态用一般现在时,因此空格处是is,位于句首,首字母大写,故填Is。
阅读下面句子,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
PART FOUR
04
四、巧用主谓一致助力读后续写通关
(高考真题语料)
36. (2022新高考I卷) 首先,我们的节目每周工作日下午4:30开始,持续20分钟。这突出校园生活、最新国内国际新闻。
36. First, our programme starts at 4:30 pm every weekday and lasts 20 minutes. It mainly features on campus life and latest domestic and international news.
37. (2022新高考I卷) 我是李华,负责talk and talk的学生,这是由我们学校广播站组织的栏目。
37. I am Li Hua, a student in charge of the program “talk and talk” launched in the broadcasting station of our school.
用动词时态语态短语翻译下列各句
38. (2022新高考I卷) 我谨代表校广播站邀请你担任我们Talk-talk栏目访谈嘉宾。
38. I am writing on behalf of our school radio station to invite you to be our welcome guest in an interview to be launched by Talk-talk.
39. (2021全国乙卷) 我在这里呼吁的是建立时间表,把线上学习和线下学习结合起来。
39. What I call on here is to set up a timetable and try to combine online study with offline study.
用动词时态语态短语翻译下列各句
40. (2021新高考I卷) 自从我订阅你们报纸以来成为忠实的读者。
40. I have been a devoted reader since I subscribed to the newspaper Youth.
41. (2022全国乙卷) 结果是说到学英语,学生们喜欢用娱乐的方式而不是传统的方式。
41. It turns out that students favor the entertaining ways over the traditional ones when it comes to English learning.
用动词时态语态短语翻译下列各句
42. (2023全国乙卷) 学唱英文歌对我来说是难忘经历,这让我艺术性欣赏人生之美。
42. Learning singing English songs was a memorable experience for me, making me appreciate the beauty in my life artistically.
43. (2022全国甲卷) 保护海洋就是保护我们自己。
43. To protect ocean is to protect ourselves.
用动词时态语态短语翻译下列各句
44. (2022全国甲卷) 海洋对于我们人类就像水对于鱼类一样重要。
44. The oceans are to our human beings what water is to fish.
45. (2022全国甲卷) 世界海洋日,排在6月8日,目的是提高我们海洋保护意识。
45. World Ocean Day, which falls on June 8th, is aimed at raising awareness of ocean conservation.
用动词时态语态短语翻译下列各句
PART FIVE
05
五、语法填空
语篇训练通关
My new deskmate James, whose parents 1 (teach) English in Guangzhou for ten years, 2 (come) from the United States, which 3 (be) one of the most developed countries in the world. He as well as his parents 4 (enjoy) living in Guangzhou because neither James nor his parents 5 (finding) it difficult to adapt to the life in China. In their opinion, many a custom here 6 (be) easy to understand and ten years 7 (be) enough for them to get used to all the customs. I, together with James, 8 (be) extremely fond of English but physics 9 (seem) rather difficult for us.
五、语法填空语篇训练
Besides, both he and I 10 (be) crazy about reading story books, and the Arabian Nights 11 (be) one of the most interesting books that 12 (read) by us. Our class 13 (unite) as a big family. Now the whole class 14 (prepare) for the coming sports meet, so large quantities of our recent time 15 (spend) on it. What we need 16 (be) a qualified coach because being trained properly 17 (be) of great importance. We each 18 (be) fully aware that each of us 19 (play) an important role in our class. We have decided to hold a celebration if getting a good result but when and where we are going to hold it 20 (decide) yet.
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
【答案】
1. have been teaching/have taught 2. comes 3. is 4. enjoys 5. find 6. is 7. is 8.am 9. seems 10. are 11. is 12. have been read 13. is united 14. are preparing 15. have been spent 16. is 17. is 18. are 19. plays 20. hasn’t been decided/isn’t decided
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
(2024·江苏·校联考二模)Dazu Rock Carvings refers to all of the 102 cliffside carvings in Dazu district, Chongqing. The 21 (construct) of those rock carvings dates back to 650, and continued into the 17th century. The scenic area 22 (add) to the World Heritage List in December 1999.
So far, 50,000 statues and 100,000 carved Chinese characters 23 (identify) and over 75 cliff statue sites are under state protection. The cliff statues are large in size, well carved and among the best 24 (preserve) of their similarities.
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
The Dazu Rock Carvings have 25 important position in the history of China’s grotto art. Artisans created these rock carvings not simply by replicating (复制) images that their ancestors had made 26 by combining religious figures with ordinary life, 27 recorded the transition (过渡) of society. The statues show the evolution of carving and national features, 28 (break) new ground in religious art and creating dynamic figures full of life. They stand on the peak of Chinese rock carving art with their historical values and aesthetic (美学) quality.
According to the UNESCO description, the Dazu Rock Carvings are remarkable 29 their rich diversity of subject matter and the light they cast on daily life in ancient China. Their existence proved the 30 (harmony) synthesis (结合) of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism during that period.
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
【答案】21. construction 22. was added 23. have been identified 24. preserved 25. an 26. but 27. which 28. breaking 29. for 30. harmonious
【导语】这是一篇说明文。讲述了大足石刻的历史、主题以及历史价值,同时介绍了它的保护现状。
21. 考查名词。句意:那些岩石雕刻的结构可以追溯到650年,一直延续到17世纪。分析句子可知,空格处为句子的主语,应使用名词形式construction,此处为抽象概念,不可数,故填construction。
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
22. 考查动词时态以及语态。句意:该景区于1999年12月被列入世界遗产名录。分析句子可知,空格处为句子谓语部分,主语The scenic area和动词add之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态;根据时间状语December 1999应使用一般过去时,因此,此处是一般过去时的被动语态,主语The scenic area是第三人称单数形式,助动词be使用was,故填was added。
23. 考查动词时态和语态。句意:到目前为止,有5万尊雕像和10万个刻字3和75个摩崖造像遗址受到国家保护。分析句子可知,空格处为句子谓语部分,主语statues和characters与动词identify之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态;根据时间状语So far应使用现在完成时,因此,此处是现在完成时的被动语态,主语statues和characters是复数形式,故填have been identified。
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
24. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些悬崖雕像体积庞大,雕刻精美,是同类雕像中保存最好的。分析句子可知,空格处构成“the+形容词”表示一类事物,充当介词among的宾语,指的是被保护的雕像,所给动词preserve和逻辑主语statues是被动关系,应使用过去分词充当形容词,故填preserved。
25. 考查冠词。句意:大足石刻在中国石窟艺术史上具有重要地位。position“地位”是可数名词单数形式,此处表示泛指,应使用不定冠词,后面的单词important开头发音是辅音,故填an。
26. 考查连词。句意:艺术家们不仅通过复制祖先制作的图像,还通过将宗教人物与日常生活相结合,记录了社会的转变,从而创造了这些石刻。分析句子可知,空格处和前面的构成固定句式not simply…but…“不仅……而且……”,故填but。
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
27. 考查定语从句。句意同上题。分析句子可知,空格处为非限制定语从句引导词,从句缺少主语,先行词为整个主句内容,应用关系代词which,故填which。
28. 考查非谓语动词。句意:这些雕像展示了雕刻和民族特色的演变,开创了宗教艺术的新领域,创造了充满活力的人物形象。句中已有谓语动词show,故空处为非谓语动词,此处表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词作结果状语。故填breaking。
29. 考查介词。句意:根据联合国教科文组织的描述,大足石刻以其丰富的题材多样性和对中国古代日常生活的启示而引人注目。分析句子可知,此处固定短语be remarkable for“以……而著称”,故填for。
30. 考查形容词。句意:它们的存在证明了这一时期佛、道、儒的和谐统一。分析句子可知,空格处应使用形容词harmonious修饰名词synthesis,故填harmonious。
五、最新语法填空语篇训练
PART SIX
06
六、原创语法填空
语篇训练通关
Paper lanterns, 31 (emerge) from Eastern Han Dynasty (25-220), were mainly used as lamps in ancient China. 32 (variety) of techniques (mostly Chinese paintings and paper-cutting) and many different materials, such as bamboo, wood and metal, were used in their making. Originally, monks (僧人) used lanterns 33 the twelfth day of the first lunar month in their worship (崇拜) of the Buddha. During the Eastern Han Dynasty, Emperor Liu Zhuang, ordered the citizens 34 (light) lanterns to worship the Buddha just as the monks did. Later, this custom 35 (gradual) became a grand festival among common people. During the Tang Dynasty(618-907), people made lanterns to celebrate their peaceful life 36 the splendid creations symbolized and celebrated the prosperous, strong and powerful country. From then on, lighting lanterns became popular in the country.
六、原创语法填空语篇训练
Once used for lighting before the 37 (introduce) of gas and then electricity, lanterns are now merely decorative or more significantly used during of the yearly Lantern Festival. More modern technology 38 (employ) on making lanterns, so people can see lanterns with music or with colorful bulbs inside. The shapes of the modern lanterns, often cartoon characters and Chinese zodiac animals, 39 (change) a lot too. Sometimes the makers can even involve the computer games, 40 give visitors a different new and fresh impression.
六、原创语法填空语篇训练
【答案】
31. emerging 32. Varieties 33. on 34. to light 35. gradually 36. while/and 37. introduction 38. is employed 39. have changed 40. which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统手工艺品灯笼的起源及其发展历程。
31. 考查非谓语动词。句意:纸灯笼出现于东汉(25-220),在中国古代主要用作灯。分析句子结构可知,本句已有谓语动词were,所以emerge用非谓语动词,和逻辑主语Paper lanterns是主动关系,用现在分词形式。故填emerging。
六、原创语法填空语篇训练
32. 考查名词。句意:各种各样的技术(主要是中国画和剪纸)和许多不同的材料,如竹子,木材和金属,被用于制作它们。此处是固定搭配:varieties of意为“各种各样的”,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Varieties。
33. 考查介词。句意:最初,僧侣们在农历的第一个月的第3天放灯笼来拜佛。表示“在具体某一天”,应用介词on。故填on。
34. 考查非谓语动词。句意:东汉时期,刘庄皇帝命令市民像和尚一样点灯笼拜佛。此处是固定搭配:order sb. to do sth.意为“命令某人做某事”。故填to light。
35. 考查副词。句意:后来,这一习俗逐渐成为民间的盛大节日。空处修饰空后的动词,应用副词gradually“逐渐地”,作状语。故填gradually。
六、原创语法填空语篇训练
36. 考查连词。句意:在唐朝(618-907),人们制作灯笼来庆祝他们的和平生活,而这些辉煌的作品象征着一个繁荣、强大和强大的国家。根据前文“During the Tang Dynasty(618-907), people made lanterns to celebrate their peaceful life”以及后文“the splendid creations symbolized and celebrated the prosperous, strong and powerful country.”可知,两句间既可以是并列关系,也可以理解为转折意为“而”,所以可用while或者and连接。故填while或and。
37. 考查名词。句意:在引入煤气和电之前,灯笼曾经用于照明,现在只是装饰,或者在每年的元宵节期间更重要地使用。此处是固定搭配:the introduction of意为“……的引进”。故填introduction。
六、原创语法填空语篇训练
38. 考查动词时态和语态。句意:制作灯笼采用了更多的现代技术,所以人们可以看到有音乐的灯笼或里面有五颜六色的灯泡。分析句子结构可知,employ作本句谓语,和主语modern technology之间是被动关系,用被动语态,描述的是客观事实,用一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数。故填is employed。
39. 考查动词时态。句意:现代灯笼的形状,通常是卡通人物和中国生肖动物,也发生了很大的变化。分析句子结构可知,change作本句谓语,描述的是之前发生的动作对现在的影响,用现在完成时,主语是复数,助动词使用have。故填have changed。
40. 考查定语从句。句意:有时制作者甚至可以加入电脑游戏,给游客一种不同的新鲜印象。分析句子结构可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是前句整句话,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
六、原创语法填空语篇训练