外研版（2019）选择性必修 第三册Unit 4 A glimpse of the futureUnderstanding ideas课件（共42张PPT，内嵌视频）

(共42张PPT)
Unit 4 A glimpse of the future
Artificial Intelligence: A REAL THREAT
1. To have a basic idea of AI.
2. To know about the main idea and the structure of the passage.
3. To learn about the views of three posters.
4. To think objectively when discussing a controversial issue.
Learning objectives
Read the facts and answer the questions.
1. What can you learn from the timeline
2. Are you concerned about developments
in AI Why or why not
3. How do you think AI will develop in the
future
Milestones in Artificial Intelligence (AI)
1955
Mathematician and logician, Alan Turing devised(发明) the Turing Test, a test on the ability of machines to show human-like intelligence.
Computer scientist, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence”.
1950
coin：创造（新词语）
图灵测试（The Turing test）由艾伦·麦席森·图灵提出，指测试者与被测试者（一个人和一台机器）隔开的情况下，通过一些装置（如键盘）向被测试者随意提问。进行多次测试后，如果机器让平均每个参与者做出超过30%的误判，那么这台机器就通过了测试，并被认为具有人类智能。
John McCarthy（1927年9月4日-2011年10月24日），1927年9月4日生于美国波士顿，计算机科学家与认知科学家。被称为“人工智能之父”。
Milestones in Artificial Intelligence (AI)
1955
1972
2001
Mathematician and logician, Alan Turing devised(发明) the Turing Test, a test on the ability of machines to show human-like intelligence.
Computer scientist, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence”.
Shakey, the first mobile robot able to make decisions, according to reason, was completed.
The Electrolux Trilobite, the first robotic vacuum(清扫) cleaner designed for home use, went on sale.
1950
“Shakey” was the first mobile robot with the ability to perceive and reason about itssurroundings. It was a mobile robot with cameras and touch sensors, controlled by a large remote computer.
The Electrolux Trilobite is a robotic
vacuum cleaner manufactured by the
Swedish corporation Electrolux. It takes
its name from the extinct arthropod,
which scoured the ocean’s floor.
Milestones in Artificial Intelligence (AI)
1955
1972
2001
2015
2017
Mathematician and logician, Alan Turing devised(发明) the Turing Test, a test on the ability of machines to show human-like intelligence.
Computer scientist, John McCarthy coined the term “artificial intelligence”.
Shakey, the first mobile robot able to make decisions, according to reason, was completed.
The Electrolux Trilobite, the first robotic vacuum(清扫) cleaner designed for home use, went on sale.
AlphaGo became the first computer program to beat a human professional Go player.
AlphaGo Zero beat the previous version of AlphaGo by 100 games to nil.
1950
阿尔法围棋（AlphaGo）是第一个击败人类职业围棋选手、第一个战胜围棋世界冠军的人工智能机器人，由谷歌（Google）旗下DeepMind公司戴密斯·哈萨比斯领衔的团队开发。其主要工作原理是“深度学习”。
Read the facts and answer the questions.
From the timeline, we can learn that AI technology has developed greatly, and can now outperform humans in some aspects.
Yeah, because AI will surely develop so quickly that it will probably become a threat to humans.
2. Are you concerned about developments in AI Why or why not
No, not concerned at all, after all, it is the humans that devise and develop the AI technology.
AI will be very likely to develop at a even higher speed than now, and its development will serve people’s needs.
3. How do you think AI will develop in the future
Look at the title of the passage. Share your opinion on the future of AI.
Artificial Intelligence:
A REAL THREAT
(P38)
Read the passage to see if it changes your opinion on the future of AI. If so, in what ways
Let’s welcome a teacher assistant: KK.
Warm-up
KK has a question for you.
Let’s read the passage and try to find a solution to help KK.
1. What is the text mainly about
2. What is the structure of the text
3. What are the opinions of the three posters
Skimming 3 min
P50
1. What is the text mainly about
A. Self-driving cars.
B. The biggest threat.
C. Three views on AI in a forum.
D. The greatest human achievement.
Reading
Skimming Read for structure
1. Technology of tomorrow forum(论坛) discussion
2. Discussion topic: Is AI our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest threat to our existence
3. Opinions and attitudes from the posts by three netizens (网民).
Millenniumbutterfly Popkid Pink_haze
(千禧蝶) para1-2 (小破孩)para 3-5 (粉红_烟雾)para6-7
We all need to learn to live with AI technology whether we like it or are concerned about it. We cannot stop the march of progress.
I admit that more advanced AI could be helpful in solving the world’s problems, but there is a high level of risk involved.
I can’t understand why some people worry so much. I hope more breakthroughs in AI will be made soon, so that we can enjoy more and more convenience.
Skimming
Read the opinions and match them to the persons.
Q1: What did Stephen Hawking mean when he said that AI will be “either the best, or the worst thing, ever to happen to humanity”
He meant that AI could bring us incredible benefits, but only if the technology is managed properly. If we do not manage the technology properly, it could result in human extinction.
Q2: What is the function of the words of Stephen Hawking
A. To introduce the topic.
B. To express the purpose.
C. To give the background.
D. To put forward the question.
Careful reading
1. What is Millenniumbutterfly’s attitude to AI
A. Negative. B. Critical. C. Objective. D. Positive
Careful reading
1.What are the functions of a more advanced form of AI
It is capable of exercising its own judgement and could help us solve many of the world’s problems.
2. What are the risks posed by AI
3. What is Popkid’s attitude to AI
Negative
1. What does the word “it” mean in the sentence “My AI did it!” in the last paragraph
A. The breakdown of AI.
B. The biggest leap forward.
C. The benefits brought by AI.
D. The illegal or immoral behaviour.
2. What is Pink_haze’s attitude to AI
Objective
Organise information from the passage and complete the diagram.
AI can help us save time.
1______________________
2______________________
_______________________
3________________________ including those too challenging for human experts.
AI can make driving safer.
AI can make doing
AI can solve problems
day-to-day things a lot easier.
AI is a real achievement.
AI might wipe out human beings.
4______________________
5____________________ if it falls into the wrong hands.
AI could be dangerous
Jobs are at risk due to AI.
AI is a real threat.
Voice your opinion.
Please talk with your partners about whether AI like KK is a real achievement or threat.
Advantages
1. Save time.
2. Make driving safer.
3. Make doing day-to-day things a lot easier.
4. Eliminate human error.
5. Make unbiased decision.
6. Reduce cost.
7. Save humans from repetitive jobs.
Disadvantages
1. Might wipe out human beings.
2. Jobs are at risk.
3. Could be dangerous if it falls into the wrong hands.
4. Lack of emotion and creativity.
5. Ethical problems.
6. Reduced jobs for humans.
It is we humans that use AI properly and regulate
illegal and immoral behaviour.
假定你是李华，你校拟定举行一场关于是否允许在学校使用ChatGPT的辩论赛。请你写一份演讲稿参赛，内容包括：
1. 你的观点；
2. 陈述理由。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 请在答题卡的相应位置作答。
AGREE
I am convinced that…
In my view,…
Based on my experience,…
What I find compelling is…
It is evident to me that…
DISAGREE
I have some reservations about…
From where I stand,…
I am not persuaded that…
At the risk of sounding negative,…
I beg to differ with…
Assessment form Content Score (1-5)
1 I can understand the passage.
2 I know the advantage and disadvantage of AI.
3 I can express my opinions about AI.
4 I can take an active part in the class.
Please finish the writing task.
Homework
Language points
Activity 2: Predict the content and type of the passage.
Pre-reading
content: share different views about AI
type: 专题讨论
Artificial Intelligence:
A REAL THREAT
In the words of Professor Stephen Hawking, artificial intelligence will be “ 1 either the best,or the worst thing, ever to 2 happen to humanity”. Technology of Tomorrow Forum wants to hear your 3 thoughts on AI. Is it our greatest human achievement so far Or is it the biggest 4 threat to our 5 existence
1要么……要么；不是……就是；或者……或者
2 遭到，遇到
3 想法
4 对……构成威胁的人或事物
5 存在 v exist
1Thanks to Al, I've got my own super-smart personal 2assistant 3built into my phone. She always has an immediate answer for any question I 4 put to her, and even uses my answers to learn more about my 5preferences. It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.6 In contrast, my PA only needs a few seconds to find the right place. 8Every 7recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant
多 亏了，由于
assistant assist assistance
build v.植入
提问
偏好 preference prefer
in contrast = by contrast 相反地
recommendation v.recommend 推荐
Something should be noticed in the first part
8 她给我的每一个推荐都很棒，因为她可以预测我是否会喜欢一家特定的餐厅。
speaking of 说到
hang out 闲逛
self-driving 自动驾驶
available 可获得的
licence 证照
And 1speaking of 2hanging out, I'm hoping that 3self-driving cars are 4available soon. I've been taking driving lessons for over a year, and still haven't got my 5licence. Self-driving cars can learn to drive in the same way that we do, and can make judgements 6based on information. And 7as they wont 8be susceptible to(=be influenced by) human error, they'll certainly be a lot safer. The only thing is that there might be a few machine-learning problems when the first cars 9 hit the market, so perhaps I’d better learn to drive first. Still, I do think that developments in Al will 10 on the whole make doing11 day-to-day things a lot easier.
红色词结合语境考虑翻译
（be) based on 以……为基础
as 因为
be susceptible to 易受影响的
hit 到达，进入（市场）
on the whole 总体而言
day-to-day 日常的，例行的
hit 各项词义拓展
More than 10 years ago, it was difficult to buy a tasty pineapple (菠萝). The fruits that made it to the UK were green on the outside and, more often than not, hard with an unpleasant taste within. Then in 1966, the Del Monte Gold pineapple produced in Hawaii first hit our shelves. 2008全国卷B篇
He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. 2012 D篇
Three days later, a hurricane hit the coast near Cornwall.
When two cars traveling at 30 mpb hit each other...
Then he typed in the name of the game in the column and hit Search.
进入市场
袭击
撞击
点击
踢，打击
It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes[ res pi] that can work well with your appetite and schedule. 2014 2卷七选五
It hit me that we can ask for his help.
Beatlemania [,bi:tl'meinj ] hit New York on February 7, 1964. Hundreds of fans jammed the airport to greet them. 2017七选五
突然想到
到达
independently independent dependent depend
programming n.程序
advanced adj. 高级的 advance n./v. 进步
be capable of 能够 capability n. 能力
be seen as 被视为
keep around 将……保留身边
wipe out 清除干净
Something should be noticed in the second part
The technology you're using and enjoying today is a basic form of Al which cant think1 independently without2 programming. Of course, it could be very useful to have a more 3advanced form of Al-a truly independent form of artificial intelligence, 4capable of exercising its own judgement, could help us solve many of the world's problems. But have you ever thought about the risks After all, why would an independent form of Al need to consider the opinions and desires of humans We could 5be seen as a"small"inconvenience that’s in the way of a solution to a bigger problem. If were lucky, Al might think were valuable enough to 6 keep around. If not, it might 7wipe us all out!
蓝色词思考其含义和各类变形词
红色词结合语境考虑翻译
even if 即使
victim n.受害者
in the long run 从长远来看，长此以往
journalist 记者
as it is 照现状，实际上
automation 自动
Something should be noticed in the second part
1 Even if that doesn't happen, there are other risks. Millenniumbutterfly, you say how great it would be to have self-driving cars, but what about all the taxi drivers who would lose their jobs They would just be among the first 2victims of Al.Nearly every job is potentially at risk 3in the long run. Even 4journalists are now being replaced with technology that can write basic news reports. 5As it is, almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from 6automation in the next 20 years.
The truth is that none of us is prepared for the challenges of Al
红色词结合语境考虑翻译
lies in 在于，位于
capacity n. 能力
interpret v. 解释
vast adj. 大量的
leap n. 巨变，飞跃
蓝色词思考其含义和各类变形词 红色词结合语境考虑翻译
Machine learning is something we have come to accept as a part of our modern world. I believe most of the value of AI lies in its capacity to analyse and interpret vast amounts of data, which means it can even solve problems that are too challenging for human experts.
But while super-intelligent Al could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands,it could also be the most dangerous. However, Al is not going to go away. We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it One thing I think we all agree on, though, is that saying"My Al did it！” won't be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!
6. have no choice but to 别无选择只能
7. embrace v.欣然接受，拥抱
8. regulate v. 管理，控制 regulation n. 规章制度
9. excuse n. 借口；v 原谅，宽恕
10. illegal adj. 违法的 legal adj. 合法的
immoral adj. 不道德的 moral adj. 道德的
Unit 4 Understanding ideas
Artificial Intelligence:
A REAL THREAT
artificial adj.人造的;虚伪的;武断的
This orange drink contains no artificial flavourings.
这种橙汁饮品不含人工调味料。
artificial limb
假肢
intelligence n. ____________ adj.
real adj. _________ adv. _________ n.
threat n. _________ v.
intelligent
really
reality
threaten
Language points
1. It used to feel like 50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants. (Para1 L7)
It feels like … 句式，意为“感觉像……”, 与 It seems that … 意思相近。
used to do 过去常常做……
get/be used to doing 习惯于做……
be used to do 被用来做……
be used for (doing) sth. 被用来做……
=get/be accustomed to doing sth.
1） Life here is much easier than it ____________ be.
I’m not used to ____________ (treat) like this.
You’ll soon get used to ________ (live) in the country.
The wood ___________ make desks and chairs.
used to
being treated
living
is used to
2. Every recommendation she gives me is great since she can predict if I will like a particular restaurant.
引导原因状语从句
引导宾语从句,意为“是否”=whether
recommendation 推荐；介绍信
recommend vt. 推荐；建议
recommend doing sth.
recommend sb. to do sth.
recommend that sb. (should) do
recommend sb. sth.= recommend sth. to sb.
recommend sb. as…
建议做某事
建议某人做某事
建议某人做某事（从句用虚拟语气）
向某人推荐某物=把某物推荐给某人
推荐某人为……
He recommend the young man ___ our firm, and it is because of his ________________ (recommend) that we _____________ (have) an excellent worker now.
to
recommendation
(should) have
3. And speaking of hanging out, I’m hoping that self-driving cars are available soon.
speaking of 谈到；提及
hang out 闲逛
available 可获得的；有空的
speak—spoke—spoken
generally speaking 通常来说
English-speaking 说英语的
spoken English 英语口语
speak well/ill of 说……好/坏话
speak/think highly/well of (高度）赞扬
not to speak/mention 更不用说
Translation：说到出去玩，我希望很快能有自动驾驶汽车。
4. And as they won’t be susceptible to human error, they’ll certainly be a lot safer.
adj. 易受影响的
修饰比较级的词有：1）a bit、a little、by far、a lot、a great deal、rather、much、many、lots、any、still、even等；2）还可以用表示倍数的词或度量名词作修饰语；3）以上词（除by far）外，必须置于比较形容词或副词的前面
1）他的爸爸比妈妈大四岁。
2）我觉得科学比日语重要得多。
3）当我们和别人说话时，应该尽可能礼貌。
His father is four years older than his mother.
I think science is much more important than Japanese.
When we speak to people, we should be as polite as possible.
5. The only thing is that there might be a few machine-learning problems when the first cars hit the market.
引导表语从句
hit-hit-hit hitting
hit 后可接on〔in〕，表示“击”、“打”身体某部位
hit可以指精神上或感情上的“打击”
hit可指风行一时的作品（如歌曲、电影、戏剧、演出等），同时也可指轰动一时的人或物。
使（某人）突然意识到
到达（某地）；达到（水平）
(产品）上市；7)（灾害）侵袭（严重影响）；8) 成为头条（新闻）……
The rude man hit the boy in the face. ________
The movie Hero was a big hit in 2003. _________
It hit me that nobody was in favor of the change. ________
I can’t hit the high notes. ________
The village has been hit by a devastating drought. ________
1)
3)
4)
5)
7)
6. Still, I do think that developments in AI will on the whole make doing day-to-day things a lot easier.
总的来看（说）
adj 日常的;按日计划的
7. Of course, it could be very useful to have a more advanced form of AI — a truly independent form of artificial intelligence, capable of exercising its own judgement, could help us solve many of the world’s problems.
有能力的；能干的 n. capability
我们非常喜欢我们的数学老师，因为他能够将课堂变得有趣。
We love our math teacher very much because he is capable of making the class interesting.
exercise : v.行使，使用【熟词生义】
exercise泛指“锻炼”时,做不可数名词, 如：take exercise 锻炼身体
exercise表示“体操;操练”或“练习（题）”时是可数名词, 要用复数形式。
如： do morning exercises（做早操）,do eye exercises(做眼保健操),
do English exercises(做英语练习)。
8. If not, it might wipe us all out!
wipe out: to destroy, remove, or get rid of something completely
摧毁; 使灭绝
9. Nearly every job is potentially at risk in the long run.
risk doing 冒险做……
take a risk 冒险
at risk 处于危险中
at the risk of doing… 冒可能（做某事）的危险
risky adj. 充满危险的；有风险的
in the long/short run
in the long/short term
从长远（短期）来看
1) So if they do complain, they risk _____________ (fire).
2) 短期内我们会赔钱,但从长远看,利润将会是丰厚的.
being fired
In the short term we will lose money, but in the long term the profits will be very large.
Although a very clever form of AI could be the greatest form of progress made in human history, if it goes wrong or is misused, it could be the most dangerous instead.
10. But while super-intelligent AI could be the biggest leap forward in human history, if it goes wrong or falls into the wrong hands, it could also be the most dangerous.
leap forward: rapid development 快速发展
go wrong: 出毛病，出故障
fall into the wrong hands: 落入不当之人手中
Paraphrase
11. We have no choice but to embrace it and regulate it.
在含介词but的句型中，but前有do，则but后的不定式不能带to；
相反，but前若找不到do，则but后的不定式必定带to。
He did nothing but __________ (watch) TV in the spring festival.
I had no choice but _________ (accept) the truth.
to accept
watch
12. One thing I think we all agree on, though, is that saying “My AI did it!” won’t be any excuse for illegal or immoral behaviour!
agree on:对……取得一致意见
本句中的though意为“不过，可是，然而”，用于主句后，引出补充说明，使语气变弱。
非法和不道德的