(共21张PPT)
专题一 应用文写作
第3讲 体裁分类探究
第5节 人物描写、叙事短文、事物介绍、海报
●辨明题类
一、人物描写
人物描写属于记叙文的写作范畴，写作时要围绕人物组织材料。要做到主题鲜明，内容清楚，并注意结构的完整性。具体写作结构为：
靓点句式
1．Old as he is, he always fights bravely against severe diseases, making great contributions in the field of medicine.
尽管他年事已高，但他总是勇敢地与重症作斗争，在医学领域做出了巨大贡献。
2．It goes without saying that Confucius has a great effect on the values of later generations.
毋庸置疑，孔子对后世的价值观有很大的影响。
3．She has been highly respected for her wisdom as well as courage by the Chinese people.
她凭借她的智慧和勇气受到中国人民的高度尊敬。
4．Her spirit inspires me and millions of other girls to live an independent life and be responsible for our own decisions.
她的精神激励着我和千百万女孩过独立的生活，并为我们自己的决定负责。
5．He set so good an example for us students that we all should learn from him.
他为我们学生树立了好榜样，我们都应该向他学习。
二、叙事短文
叙事短文属于记叙文的写作范畴，文章多以事件为中心，以时间和空间为线索，按事件的发生、发展、结局展开故事。具体写作结构为：
靓点句式
1．First, the schoolmaster gave a speech, and then many pieces of painting, photography, sculpture, and paper-cut were on show.
首先，校长发表了讲话，然后展出了许多绘画、摄影、雕塑和剪纸作品。
2．Organized by the Students' Union, we participated in a one-day trip to the Forest Park last Sunday, which intended us to get close to nature and love nature.
上周日，在学生会的组织下，我们参加了森林公园一日游，让我们亲近自然，热爱自然。
3．We had some beautiful pictures taken and enjoyed a wonderful picnic there.
我们在那里拍了一些漂亮的照片，享受了一次美好的野餐。
4．As scheduled, the contest took place in the school hall, lasting two hours from 4∶00 p．m. to 6∶00 p．m.
比赛如期在学校礼堂举行，从下午4点到下午6点持续了两个小时。
5．By doing interesting experiments myself, I had lots of fun as well as gaining knowledge.
通过亲自做有趣的实验，我既玩得开心也获得了知识。
三、事物介绍
事物介绍类涉及的范围很广，如节日介绍、介绍喜欢的书、杂志、介绍自己喜欢的运动和音乐等。
靓点句式
1．The Chinese Spring Festival falls on the first day of the Chinese lunar calendar.
中国的春节是在中国农历的第一天。
2．On that day people usually go back home to have family reunion, enjoying a large meal with their family.
在那一天，人们通常回家与家人团聚，与家人一起享用大餐。
3．People will decorate their homes with red paper cuttings, whose themes are good fortune, longevity and prosperity.
人们会用红色剪纸装饰自己的家。剪纸的主题是好运，长寿和繁荣。
4．It is one of the best-selling magazines, covering fitness, nutrition, travel, technology, fashion and finance.
它是最畅销杂志之一，覆盖健身、营养、旅行、技术、时尚和金融。
5．With the rapid development of the Internet, an increasing number of publishers begin to launch online magazines to fit the times.
随着互联网的迅速发展，为了适应时代要求，越来越多的出版商开始发行在线杂志。
四、海报
海报是人们在日常生活中经常使用的一种应用文，是为了告知人们某项事物，让其了解相关事项。它的使用场合非常广泛，包括活动宣传、招聘广告、启事等。在写海报时，要根据活动的主题，从时间、地点、目的、措施及预期目标等方面进行说明，并发出倡导。写作结构如下：
靓点句式
1．As we all know, the number of wild animals decreases at an alarming rate.
众所周知，野生动物的数量以惊人的速度减少。
2．It's high time for us to take measures to protect endangered animals.
是我们采取措施保护濒危动物的时候了。
3．Good news! In order to arouse the interest in reading English masterpieces and help students form the right values, our English club is going to hold an English classic play in our monthly activity on 7 July.
好消息！为了激发学生阅读英语名著的兴趣，帮助学生形成正确的价值观，我们的英语俱乐部将于7月7日在我们的月度活动中举办一场英语经典剧目。
4．Don't miss the chance to enjoy the wonderful performance by our club members.
不要错过欣赏俱乐部成员精彩表演的机会。
5．The party is a good chance for us to practise our English.
这次聚会是我们练习英语的好机会。
6．Everyone is welcome to attend the party.
欢迎每个人都来参加聚会。
7．Please bring along your pens and notebooks.
请自备笔和笔记本。
8．Don't miss the chance.Please get there on time.
不要错过这个机会。请准时到达那里。
●技法点拨 真题体验
(2020·全国Ⅰ卷)
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．人物简介；
2．尊敬和爱戴的原因。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．短文题目已为你写好。
The Person I Respect
【解题示范】 第一步 读懂题干，明确要求
本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求学生以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛。
第二步 搭建框架，填充要点
根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。采用总分结构。
①人物简介；
②尊敬和爱戴的原因。
第三步 优化语言，检查格式
重点短语：as for me, spare some time, listen to me patiently
连词成句
①As for me，my father is the person I respect mostly.
②He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
③My father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.
根据提示及关键词(组)进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
连句成篇
①表示文章结构顺序：介绍人物；阐述原因
②表示并列补充关系：as for, and, but, so
【优秀作文赏析】
The Person I Respect
We have a lot of respectable people around us.They may be our teachers, parents or one of our elders.As for me, my father is the person I respect most.My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.He works very hard every day but he will also spare some time to accompany me and share many funny things with me about his work.
When I come across the problems of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely.He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students.So, in my mind my father is the person I respect most and I love him deeply.
文章内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在文中使用了较多的高端句式，如定语从句：My father is a teacher who loves his work and his students very much.非谓语动词：He achieved a lot in his work, respected by his students.时间状语从句：When I come across the problem of learning in my study, my father will listen to me patiently and encourage me to overcome the difficulties bravely...等。文章思路清晰，层次分明，上下句转换自然。为文章增色添彩。专题一 第3讲 第5节
模拟练 提考能
A
(2024·河北省部分高中高三二模)
你校英文报“Morals and Virtues”栏目正在举办征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，跟同学们分享一则暖心故事，内容包括：
1．简述这个故事；
2．你的收获与启发。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A Heartwarming Story
【范文】
A Heartwarming Story
Recently, I came across a beautiful display of sympathy that I felt it worthwhile to share.While waiting at a crowded bus stop, I noticed an elderly woman struggling to carry her groceries.Despite the rush hour, a young man stepped forward, offering his assistance without hesitation.
Witnessing his selfless act reminded me of the marked impact of kindness in our daily lives.It taught me that sympathy knows no boundaries of age or circumstance.In our fast-paced world, such gestures serve as gentle reminders of our shared humanity, inspiring us to extend a helping hand whenever possible.
B
(2024·广东省广州市高三一模)
你校英文报举办主题为“我最喜爱的课外活动”的征文比赛。请你用英语写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：
1．课外活动简介；
2．你喜爱的理由。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
My Favourite Extracurricular Activity
【范文】
My Favourite Extracurricular Activity
Among the colorful after-school activities in our school, I like dancing best.I have been in a school dance club since the first week I came studying here.After school we practise dancing on a regular basis, which helps me connect with others and greatly enriches my campus life.I love dancing because it is more than just moving my body for fun and joy.It is a way to relieve stress and enjoy life.Besides, mastering any style of dance takes hard work, determination and patience, which shape me into a better person.I would not be who I am today without dancing after school.
C
(2024·河南省五市高三一模)
假定你是李华，是所在学校英语广播站(The English Broadcasting Station)负责人。请为广播站撰写一份招募新播音员的启事，内容包括：
1．广播站主要特色简介；
2．申请方式和截止时间。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Broadcasters Wanted
【范文】
Broadcasters Wanted
Would you like to have your voice spread and impress others？The English Broadcasting Station is the right choice for you!
We have a great team of students here who are passionate about English news and English broadcasting! What must be stressed is that the station holds a considerable number of fantastic activities every week, ranging from English Speech Contest to English Drama Show.It has become one of the most popular student organizations in our school.Moreover, we regularly invite professional TV broadcasters to communicate with us to improve our related skills.
If interested, please send your application to englishbroadingstation@ or hand it in to our office Room 211 in the Students' Center no later than March 10th.
Looking forward to your enthusiastic participation！
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
