(共24张PPT)
专题一 应用文写作
第3讲 体裁分类探究
第6节 图表作文、图画作文、日记、欢迎辞
●辨明题类
一、图表作文
对于图表作文，写作内容主要包括三个方面：
靓点句式
1．As can be seen from the chart, more and more people own mobile phones in China now.
正如从表中所看到的，如今在中国拥有手机的人越来越多。
2．As we can see from the materials above, the traffic issue is still a big problem.
正像我们在上面的材料中所看到的那样，交通问题仍然是一个大问题。
3．Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining about heavy traffic, which has seriously influenced people's daily life and economic development.
现今，许多大城市的人们都在抱怨交通拥堵，它严重地影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。
4．In a word, we must protect the water as well as find ways to reuse it.
总之，我们必须保护水资源，也要寻找再利用水的方法。
5．As far as I am concerned, I love wealth, but I value health more.
就我而言，我喜欢财富，但更看重健康。
二、图画作文
图画作文通常是给出一幅或是多幅图片，要求考生仔细分析图片内容，并通过文字形式将图片中所包含的内容准确地表达出来。可以介绍人物或叙述某件事情的发展过程，也可以揭示或反映某种社会现象。图画作文一般我们会采用三段式作文来写，尤其是漫画型作文：
靓点句式
1．As you can see in the picture, many students are riding bikes to school.
正如你在图中所看到的，许多学生骑自行车去学校。
2．In that picture, around the table with many books on it sit several students.
在那幅图画中，桌子上有很多书，周围坐着几个学生。
3．As is vividly shown in the picture, one person is asking the other to do some voluntary labour.
正如图画中生动形象地显示的那样，一个人正在请另一个人做义务劳动。
4．In a word, changes in our life in the past twenty years have brought us convenience and comfort.
总之，过去20年里我们生活中的变化给我们带来了便利和舒适。
5．As far as I'm concerned, it's necessary to limit the time we spend using cellphones.
就我而言，有必要限制我们使用手机的时间。
三、日记
日记是用来记录一天中所发生的有意义的、值得记录的事件。在日记中，人们会对事件发表议论，阐述一下自己的态度或体会。
1．英文日记通常由书端和正文两个部分组成。其具体格式为：
(1)英语日记的书端是专门写日记的日期、星期和天气的。左上角是日期(年、月、日)、星期。右上角写上当天的天气情况，如：Sunny, Fine, Rainy, Windy, Snowy, Cloudy等。
(2)正文结构
2．日记的时态：由于日记是对当天所发生事情的回顾，故常用一般过去时，在发表议论或感想时，也可使用其他时态。
3．日记的人称：因为日记是记载自己的亲身经历，故应用第一人称，语言尽量口语化，按照事情发生的先后顺序，清楚、准确、连贯地把事情表达出来。
靓点句式
1．This morning, when I was walking on the street, I saw that two travelers were reading a map, looking puzzled.
今天早上，我在街上散步的时候，我看到两个旅行者在看地图，看起来很困惑。
2．I led them to the nearby bus stop and advised them to take Bus No.20, which could take them there directly.
我把他们带到附近的公共汽车站，建议他们乘坐20路公共汽车，这样他们就可以直接到那里了。
3．Seeing them on the bus, I felt a kind of satisfaction.
看到他们在公共汽车上，我感到一种满足。
4．A tiring as well as meaningful day has ended, but I still remained excited for quite a long time.
劳累而有意义的一天结束了，但我仍然激动了很长一段时间。
5．What happened today has left a deep impression in my memory.
今天发生的事在我的脑海里留下了很深的印象。
四、欢迎辞
欢迎辞是在接待宾客来访时对其表示欢迎的致辞。具体写作结构为：
靓点句式
1．I feel greatly privileged to extend a heartfelt welcome to you and briefly introduce the arrangement on behalf of our school.
我非常荣幸地代表我们学校向您表示衷心的欢迎，并简要介绍这一安排。
2．I'm honoured to be here to extend a warm welcome to you on behalf of our school.
我很荣幸能代表我们学校向您表示热烈的欢迎。
3．For your visit here, we have arranged a variety of activities.
为了您的访问，我们安排了各种各样的活动。
4．As scheduled, during your stay at our school, we will first show you around our campus.
按照计划，在您入住我们学校期间，我们将首先带您参观我们的校园。
5．In addition，our opera club will put on their latest opera, which will never fail to impress you.
此外，我们的歌剧俱乐部将上演他们最新的歌剧，一定会给你留下深刻印象。
6．In order to promote our friendship, we also plan to organize a friendly basketball match.
为了增进我们的友谊，我们还计划组织一场篮球友谊赛。
7．I hope all of you can find your stay here an enjoyable experience and our friendship will be promoted.
我希望你们所有人都能在这里度过愉快的时光，我们的友谊也会得到增进。
8．I sincerely hope your school life in England will be delightful and rewarding.
我真诚地希望你在英国的学校生活愉快而有收获。
●技法点拨 真题体验
(2022·全国乙卷改编)
学校英文报正在开展以Learning English Beyond the Classroom为题的讨论。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．学习活动状况描述；
2．简单评论；
3．你的建议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．短文的题目和首句已为你写好。
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn English well.
【解题示范】 第一步 读懂题干，明确要求
本篇书面表达属于说明文。要求考生使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文给学校英文报投稿。
第二步 搭建框架，填充要点
1．根据写作要求，本文的写作内容应包括三项：一是陈述图表呈现的数据，即学生在课外时间学习英语的四种方式——读英语书籍、听英语歌曲、看英语电影和浏览英语学习网站；二是针对这些不同的学习方式进行评论；三是对课外学习英语的方式提出一些合理化的建议。
2．注意事项：
①时态：以一般现在时为主
②人称：以第三人称为主
③段落安排：第一段：引出讨论的内容
第二段：陈述图表的内容
第三段：针对图表内容进行评论
第四段：发表个人建议
第三步 优化语言，检查格式
语言应力求简练，注意描述图表显示的数据时，应避免句式重复，最好使用多种表达方式。
根据写作要点及构思好的提纲，初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇与句式，写完之后要检查文中是否存在拼写或语法错误，并增加一些细节和过渡性的词汇，使全文衔接自然，语义流畅。
【优秀作文赏析】
Learning English Beyond the Classroom
There are many things we can do to learn English well.As the chart shows, students adopt different ways to learn English beyond the classroom.
The percent of the students who listen to English songs is as high as 65%.50% of them watch English movies while only 18% read English books.Those who visit English-learning websites account for 12%.
The figures of the chart suggest that there are a variety of ways to learn English beyond the classroom with the development of modern technology.Students can choose what they like to enrich their English-learning experiences.
As far as I am concerned, students should do more listening and speaking so that they can develop their communication skills.
文章内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，符合逻辑关系。作者多次使用了定语从句，如There are many things we can do to learn English well.As the chart shows, students adopt different ways to learn English beyond the classroom.The percent of the students who listen to English songs is as high as 65%.和Those who visit English-learning websites account for 12%.等，宾语从句The figures of the chart suggest that there are a variety of ways to learn English beyond the classroom with the development of modern technology.和 Students can choose what they like to enrich their English-learning experiences.以及目的状语从句As far as I am concerned, students should do more listening and speaking so that they can develop their communication skills.高级句式，为文章提高了档次。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。 专题一 第3讲 第6节
模拟练 提考能
A
(2024·江西省九江市高三二模)
学校学生会为6月6 日全国爱眼日(National Eye Caring Day)征集倡议书，以“照顾好眼睛，避免近视”为题，根据图表中的调查结果对同学发出倡议。内容要点：
1．简述青少年近视现状；
2．提出护眼建议；
3．发出倡议。
注意：
1．词数80左右；
2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Take Care of our Eyes and Avoid Myopia
Dear fellow students，
We are living in an era of rapid technological development, when electronic products have become an indispensable part of our daily lives.
The Students' Union
【范文】
Take Care of our Eyes and Avoid Myopia
Dear fellow students，
We are living in an era of rapid technological development, when electronic products have become an indispensable part of our daily lives. However, along with this comes a sharp rise of myopia rate among teenagers from 14.5% of 6-year-olds to over 80% of high school students, which is becoming a worrying phenomenon.
With National Eye Caring Day approaching, our school calls on everyone to pay attention to eye health.Firstly, develop eye caring habits such as looking into the distance every 20—30 minutes to rest our eyes and maintain eye exercises.Secondly, participate actively in outdoor activities to keep our eyes away from electronic products.Most importantly, ensure sufficient sleep and avoid staying up late.
For the health of our eyes, let's take action now!
The Students' Union
B
(2024·山西省高三一模)你校英文报正在开展以“The Understanding of Going to School”为题的讨论。请根据图片写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：
1．简要描述图片；
2．你的看法。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The Understanding of Going to School
【范文】
The Understanding of Going to School
This is a funny but enlightening cartoon, in which a mother is sending her son to school.However, the youngster responds, “Why am I going to school if my phone already knows everything？”
As a senior high student, I think it is essential to acquire not only knowledge, but also cooperation and communication skills at school.Also, it is the process rather than the outcome that counts.Therefore, we shouldn't misunderstand the meaning of going to school.
Education does not merely mean “knowing everything”．Thus, parents and teachers should educate their kids to cultivate the awareness.
C
(2024·山东省菏泽市高三一模)
假定你是李华，下周外教Alex将首次到达你校，你将作为学生代表致欢迎辞。请为此写一篇英文发言稿，内容包括：
1．表示欢迎；
2．介绍英语课程；
3．表达祝愿。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
【范文】
Dear Alex,
On behalf of our school, I would like to convey my sincere welcome for your coming.
There are varieties of English courses in our school, such as reading, listening, oral English and writing.Besides, our English corner which is held on the afternoon of every Friday is a highlight.The English festival comes every year in May, when we have diverse activities to celebrate it.With your guidance, I think, our English courses and activities will be more brilliant.
As mentioned above, I extremely appreciate your arrival.May you have an unforgettable experience.
※小贴士：应用文写作失分点
1．审题不清，错在源头。审题是写作的前提，是一篇作文成功的关键所在。确保审题正确，才能保证得到基本分。但很多考生由于审题不准确，匆忙下笔，导致作文主题偏差，中心不突出，从而失分严重。
2．没有分段，结构混乱。不分段或者只写两段的应用文往往给人一种结构不完整的整体印象，判分者很难从文章中迅速找到要点，会影响得分。
3．拼写错误，影响理解。词汇拼写错误反映出基础知识不牢固，说明语言功底不强，会影响理解。
4．内容缺失，要点不全。要点齐全是判断高分与低分的分水岭，要点不全可能会导致分数不及格。
5．句式单一，语言贫乏。整篇都是短句，没有高级词汇或者复杂句式，读起来索然寡味，自然不会得高分。
6．衔接断层，结构松散。段与段之间或者句与句之间缺乏连接词或者连接句，给人一种断断续续的印象，影响得分。
7．汉式英语，交际欠妥。应用文讲究交际性，在语言、内容等方面都要符合作者的身份，使语言规范得体。
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