高考英语二轮复习题型组合练2（含答案与解析）
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组合练2
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2024·云南省昆明市西山区高三一模)
Forgetting names, faces, or events is a universal human experience; even those who see their minds sharp struggle with memory loss from time to time.Most consider these mental mistakes to be annoyed, and they're seen as a potentially worrisome sign of cognitive decline.But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer's disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong.In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best.
We're developing drugs to protect against memory loss.But many psychologists have joked that what they want is a forgetfulness drug.Too much memory poses a challenge in any long-term relationship.Anger, hatred—they all come from not being able to let go of emotional memories.People who repeatedly think of anger or fear often suffer loneliness.
Living in a noisy, ever-changing world, forgetting details is actually a perfect adaptation.Creativity isn't making something out of nothing.It's making connections between already-known elements—ideas, words, visuals, or expressions—to create something new.But to make new connections, the existing connections in your mind have to be loose.If the connections between those elements are too tightly bound in our memory, there's no room for creativity.
What can we do to help our brains forget what we need to forget？One of the best ways to make sure that you don't have a brain that's burning too hot with bad memories is to stay socially engaged.Another thing to do is to sleep, and sleep well.Many experts have concluded that we sleep in order to forget, so it makes sense that sleep has been shown to improve creativity.If you're short of sleep, your brain is on fire with too many memories.The brain is like a lawn of grass—you need to keep it trimmed to make way for new memories, new connections, and new growth.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about？
A．The damage of cognitive decline.
B．The importance of forgetting things.
C．The reasons of getting mental disease.
D．The methods of preventing memory loss.
2．Why is the forgetfulness drug needed？
A．Because various pressure makes us sleepless.
B．Because some patients forget important things.
C．Because too much memory disturbs and bothers us.
D．Because many seniors suffer from Alzheimer's disease.
3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？
A．Too much memory blocks our creativity.
B．Our brain can adapt to ever-changing world.
C．Sleeping well contributes to improved attention.
D．Bad memory has terrible impact on our social life.
4．Where is the text probably from？
A．A book review. B．An advertisement.
C．A science fiction. D．A news report.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了遗忘的重要性以及太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力。
1．B 段落大意题。根据第一段“But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer's disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong.In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best.(但是在哥伦比亚大学研究和治疗阿尔茨海默病的神经学家斯科特·斯莫尔认为，这种关于遗忘的观点是完全错误的。事实上，一定程度的健忘对我们的思维和人际关系发挥最佳作用至关重要。)”可知，第一段的主要内容是遗忘的重要性。故选B。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段“But many psychologists have joked that what they want is a forgetfulness drug.Too much memory poses a challenge in any long-term relationship.Anger, hatred—they all come from not being able to let go of emotional memories.People who repeatedly think of anger or fear often suffer loneliness.(但许多心理学家开玩笑说，他们想要的是一种遗忘药。太多的记忆对任何长期关系来说都是一个挑战。愤怒、憎恨——它们都来自于无法放下情绪记忆。反复想到愤怒或恐惧的人往往会感到孤独。)”可知，需要遗忘药是因为太多的记忆会扰乱和困扰我们。故选C。
3．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If the connections between those elements are too tightly bound in our memory, there's no room for creativity.(如果这些元素之间的联系在我们的记忆中过于紧密，就没有创造力的空间。)”以及最后一段“Many experts have concluded that we sleep in order to forget, so it makes sense that sleep has been shown to improve creativity.If you're short of sleep, your brain is on fire with too many memories.The brain is like a lawn of grass—you need to keep it trimmed to make way for new memories, new connections, and new growth.(许多专家得出结论，我们睡觉是为了遗忘，所以睡眠可以提高创造力也就说得通了。如果你睡眠不足，你的大脑会因为太多的记忆而着火。大脑就像一片草地，你需要修剪它，为新的记忆、新的联系和新的成长腾出空间。)”可知，太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力。故选A。
4．D 语篇出处题。根据第一段“But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer's disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong.In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best.”结合文章主要说明了遗忘的重要性以及太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力，属于科普知识，由此推测这篇文章最有可能选自新闻报道。故选D。
B
(2024·安徽省合肥市高三一模)
A pair of researchers with Leibniz University of Hannover has demonstrated the means by which robots might be programmed to experience something similar to pain in animals.As part of their demonstration at last week's IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation held in Stockholm, Johannes Kuehn and Sami Haddadin showed how pain might be used in robots, by interacting with a BioTac fingertip sensor on the end of a Kuka robotic arm that had been programmed to react differently to differing amounts of pain.
The idea of developing an artificial robot nervous system may seem contrary to all expectations, but Kuehn says doing so is important in the same way that it is good for humans to feel pain.“Pain is a system that protects us，” says Kuehn.“When we avoid the source of pain, it helps us not get hurt.” So when robots can feel and react to pain, they will become smart enough to avoid it.The more dangerous the robot registers the threat to be, the faster it will withdraw and avoid the source of danger.Additionally, Kuehn and Haddadin say humans working alongside robots that feel pain, especially those in heavy machinery, will be protected around them.
They have tested out some of their ideas using a robotic arm with a fingertip sensor that can detect pressure and temperature.It uses a robot-tissue patch (小片) modeled on human skin to decide how much pain should be felt and thus what action to take.For example, if the arm feels light pain, it slowly withdraws until the pain stops, and then returns to its original task; severe pain, meanwhile, causes the arm to go into a kind of lockdown mode until it can get help from a human operator.
Such robots are likely to raise a host of questions, of course, if they become more common—if a robot acts the same way a human does when touching a hot plate, are we to believe it is truly experiencing pain？Only time will tell of course, but one thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin's work could lead to robots that are more human-like than ever.
5．What do we learn about the robots in the demonstration？
A．They can learn skills like animals.
B．They can communicate with people.
C．They have the ability to feel pain.
D．They respond differently to requests.
6．What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about？
A．The significance of teaching robots to feel pain.
B．The principle of robots' avoidance of injuries.
C．The analysis of the artificial robot nervous system.
D．The value of protecting human workers from injury.
7．What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 3？
A．The robot is smart enough to carry out different tasks.
B．The robot can hardly work as well as a human operator.
C．The robot can react differently based on degrees of pain.
D．The robot is tolerant of changes of pressure and temperature.
8．What is the author's attitude toward Kuehn and Haddadin's study？
A．Dismissive. B．Doubtful.
C．Unclear. D．Optimistic.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以感知疼痛的机器人，解释了教会机器人感知疼痛的意义以及机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第一段“As part of their demonstration at last week's IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation held in Stockholm, Johannes Kuehn and Sami Haddadin showed how pain might be used in robots, by interacting with a BioTac fingertip sensor on the end of a Kuka robotic arm that had been programmed to react differently to differing amounts of pain.(上周在斯德哥尔摩举行的IEEE机器人与自动化国际会议上，Johannes Kuehn和Sami Haddadin展示了疼痛如何应用于机器人，通过与Kuka机械臂末端的BioTac指尖传感器进行交互，该传感器已被编程为对不同程度的疼痛做出不同的反应。)”可知，演示中的机器人有感觉疼痛的能力。故选C。
6．A 段落大意题。根据第二段“The idea of developing an artificial robot nervous system may seem contrary to all expectations, but ...will be protected around them.(开发人工机器人神经系统的想法似乎与所有人的期望相反，但库恩说，这样做很重要，就像人类感觉疼痛一样。‘疼痛是一种保护我们的系统，’库恩说。‘当我们避开痛苦的根源时，它就能帮助我们不受伤。’因此，当机器人能够感受到疼痛并做出反应时，它们将变得足够聪明，能够避免疼痛。机器人发现的威胁越危险，它就会越快地撤离并避开危险源。此外，Kuehn和Haddadin说，和机器人一起工作的人类，尤其是那些在重型机械上工作的人，将会受到保护。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是教会机器人感知疼痛的意义。故选A。
7．C 细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, if the arm feels light pain, it slowly withdraws until the pain stops, and then returns to its original task; severe pain, meanwhile, causes the arm to go into a kind of lockdown mode until it can get help from a human operator.(例如，如果手臂感到轻微疼痛，它就会慢慢退缩，直到疼痛停止，然后再回到原来的工作中；与此同时，剧烈的疼痛会导致手臂进入一种锁定模式，直到它能得到人类操作员的帮助。)”可知，机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。故选C。
8．D 观点态度题。根据最后一段“Only time will tell of course, but one thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin's work could lead to robots that are more human-like than ever.(当然，只有时间才能告诉我们答案，但有一件事是显而易见的，Kuehn和Haddadin的工作可能会让机器人变得比以往任何时候都更像人类。)”可推知，作者对Kuehn和Haddadin的研究持乐观态度。故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2024·河北省雄安新区高三三模)
“Pure love, only for China.” When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World in Heilongjiang Province read out the words on the wallpaper of a lost phone to find its owner, 1. (applaud) broke out among the audience, CCTV News reported.
The sentence was from the diary of Chen Xiangrong, 2. soldier, who lost his life in a border conflict with Indian troops in June 2020.The owner of the cellphone, surnamed Xie is a student of the Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine.She learned about Chen's story when she was in high school.Since then, Xie 3. (regard) Chen as an example and hoped one day she could also contribute to the country.So she took the patriotic (爱国的) expression 4. (write) by Chen as a motto, and placed together with the national flag 5. the background of her cellphone.
6. she didn't expect was the sudden popularity of the wallpaper on the Internet, with many netizens 7. (ask) her to share it.“I am very happy that this resonates (共鸣) with so many people.We post-2000s generations are not a lost generation, 8. a generation that can contribute to the future of our country，” Xie said.“I firmly believe that through our efforts and hard work, our country will become more prosperous! We will 9. (definite) live up to the expectations of the times, and make an effort 10. (create) a better future for our country！” she added.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了黑龙江中医药大学的一名谢姓学生的爱国主义手机壁纸网上走红的事迹。
1．applause 考查名词。句意：据央视新闻报道，当黑龙江省哈尔滨冰雪大世界的主持人念出丢失手机壁纸上的文字寻找失主时，观众中爆发出掌声。空处应用名词applause在句中作主语，为不可数名词。故填applause。
2．a 考查冠词。句意：这句话出自陈祥榕的日记，他是一名士兵，在2020年6月与印度军队的边境冲突中牺牲。空处泛指一个，soldier发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
3．has regarded 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，谢就把陈当作一个榜样，希望有一天她也能为国家做贡献。根据时间状语Since then可知，空处应用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has regarded。
4．written 考查非谓语动词。句意：于是，她把陈写的爱国主义的表达方式作为自己的座右铭，并和国旗一起作为手机的背景。空处在句中作后置定语，动词write与被修饰词expression之间是被动关系，用其过去分词的形式。故填written。
5．as 考查介词。句意：于是，她把陈写的爱国主义的表达方式作为自己的座右铭，并和国旗一起作为手机的背景。空处应用介词as“作为”构成介宾短语。故填as。
6．What 考查名词性从句。句意：她没有想到的是，这张壁纸突然在网上走红，许多网友都让她分享。空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语，应用连接代词what引导，意为“……的事物”，位于句首首字母大写。故填What。
7．asking 考查非谓语动词。句意：她没有想到的是，这张壁纸突然在网上走红，许多网友都让她分享。空处在with的复合结构中作宾语补足语，动词ask和宾语netizens之间是主动关系，用现在分词的形式。故填asking。
8．but 考查连词。句意：我们00后不是迷惘的一代，而是能为国家的未来做出贡献的一代。not...but...“不是……而是……”为固定搭配。故填but。
9．definitely 考查副词。句意：我们一定不负时代的期望，努力为我们的国家创造更美好的未来！空处应用副词修饰动词live。故填definitely。
10．to create 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一定不负时代的期望，努力为我们的国家创造更美好的未来！make an effort to do sth.“努力做某事”是固定短语。故填to create。
Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2024·浙江省台州市高三二模)
假定你是李华，你负责的小组项目“Surveying Students' English Novel Reading”在学校项目评比中获奖，现受校英语俱乐部邀请作该项目的介绍。请用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1．实施过程；
2．组员感受。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear English Club members,
Thank you.
【范文】
Dear English Club members，
It's my great honor to share with you our group project “Surveying Students' English Novel Reading”．Our project began with the creation of a well-rounded questionnaire covering students' favorite genres, reading frequency, preferred formats, etc.After distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews among 500 schoolmates, we collected a wealth of valuable data.Following a careful analysis, we finally drew important conclusions regarding students' English novel reading.
This project has been incredibly rewarding, raising our awareness of teamwork and fostering our research abilities.More importantly, learning about our peers' reading habits has sparked our self-reflection and encouraged us to dive into English literature.That's all about our project.
Thank you.
Ⅳ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·江西省鹰潭市高三一模)
Katie had always longed for a pet dog, but growing up in a family of diplomats, her parents had to move around the world frequently, so having a pet didn't fit their lifestyle.Even during her university years, the university's rules didn't allow it.It was only after she graduated and started living independently that the opportunity arose.
One day, Katie talked to her housemate and best friend from university, Rachel, about her desire for a pet dog.Rachel suggested, “why don't you consider fostering a dog？There are so many stray dogs in need of temporary homes before they find their forever families.”
The idea fascinated Katie as it allowed her to experience the joys of pet ownership without the lifelong commitment.However, she had some concerns, “What if I become too attached？”
Rachel reassured her, “Well, if you form a strong bond, you can always choose to adopt it yourself.”
Without telling Katie beforehand, Rachel took the initiative and visited a local animal rescue organization to register for a foster dog.One sunny afternoon, when Katie came home from work, she was greeted by a small black-and-white dog.Her eyes lit up with joy and surprise.“Is this for real？”
“Here is Freda，” Rachel said, beaming with pride.“She's going to be our foster dog while she waits for her forever home.”
As the days passed, Katie experienced the joys and challenges of being a pet parent.Waking up to Freda's sweet morning kisses became the best way to start her day.The daily walks with Freda turned into cherished moments of bonding, as they explored the nearby parks and strolled along the serene lakeside together.
However, amid the excitement and cuddles, Katie also learned the responsibilities that came with pet ownership.Juggling her demanding work schedule with Freda's needs required careful planning and dedication.Katie came to understand why her parents never got one when she was a child.She also felt bad always asking her friends to dog-sit when she was too busy to care for Freda.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eventually, the right family was found for Freda, but saying goodbye was bittersweet.
Several months later, Katie discovered a small package on her front door.
【范文】
Eventually, the right family was found for Freda, but saying goodbye was bittersweet. As Katie prepared to say goodbye, it became an emotional moment for her.Despite the short time Freda had stayed with them, she had left a deep impression, brightening their home and bringing joy and laughter.This experience strengthened Katie's determination to care for more dogs in the future, and she even considered the possibility of adopting a dog herself.Katie took Freda to the adoption agency, feeling a mix of sadness and contentment.She was relieved to know that Freda was going to a stable and caring home.
Several months later, Katie discovered a small package on her front door.At first, she was puzzled, not recalling any orders she had placed.Opening the box, Katie was almost brought to tears as she found numerous photos of Freda enjoying her new life.She excitedly showed Rachel, and both of them shared the happy feeling.They felt proud of the role that they played in fostering Freda and hoped she would continue to live a joyful life.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Ⅰ.阅读理解(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(2024·云南省昆明市西山区高三一模)
Forgetting names, faces, or events is a universal human experience; even those who see their minds sharp struggle with memory loss from time to time.Most consider these mental mistakes to be annoyed, and they're seen as a potentially worrisome sign of cognitive decline.But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer's disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong.In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best.
We're developing drugs to protect against memory loss.But many psychologists have joked that what they want is a forgetfulness drug.Too much memory poses a challenge in any long-term relationship.Anger, hatred—they all come from not being able to let go of emotional memories.People who repeatedly think of anger or fear often suffer loneliness.
Living in a noisy, ever-changing world, forgetting details is actually a perfect adaptation.Creativity isn't making something out of nothing.It's making connections between already-known elements—ideas, words, visuals, or expressions—to create something new.But to make new connections, the existing connections in your mind have to be loose.If the connections between those elements are too tightly bound in our memory, there's no room for creativity.
What can we do to help our brains forget what we need to forget？One of the best ways to make sure that you don't have a brain that's burning too hot with bad memories is to stay socially engaged.Another thing to do is to sleep, and sleep well.Many experts have concluded that we sleep in order to forget, so it makes sense that sleep has been shown to improve creativity.If you're short of sleep, your brain is on fire with too many memories.The brain is like a lawn of grass—you need to keep it trimmed to make way for new memories, new connections, and new growth.
1．What is the first paragraph mainly about？
A．The damage of cognitive decline.
B．The importance of forgetting things.
C．The reasons of getting mental disease.
D．The methods of preventing memory loss.
2．Why is the forgetfulness drug needed？
A．Because various pressure makes us sleepless.
B．Because some patients forget important things.
C．Because too much memory disturbs and bothers us.
D．Because many seniors suffer from Alzheimer's disease.
3．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？
A．Too much memory blocks our creativity.
B．Our brain can adapt to ever-changing world.
C．Sleeping well contributes to improved attention.
D．Bad memory has terrible impact on our social life.
4．Where is the text probably from？
A．A book review. B．An advertisement.
C．A science fiction. D．A news report.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了遗忘的重要性以及太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力。
1．B 段落大意题。根据第一段“But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer's disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong.In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best.(但是在哥伦比亚大学研究和治疗阿尔茨海默病的神经学家斯科特·斯莫尔认为，这种关于遗忘的观点是完全错误的。事实上，一定程度的健忘对我们的思维和人际关系发挥最佳作用至关重要。)”可知，第一段的主要内容是遗忘的重要性。故选B。
2．C 细节理解题。根据第二段“But many psychologists have joked that what they want is a forgetfulness drug.Too much memory poses a challenge in any long-term relationship.Anger, hatred—they all come from not being able to let go of emotional memories.People who repeatedly think of anger or fear often suffer loneliness.(但许多心理学家开玩笑说，他们想要的是一种遗忘药。太多的记忆对任何长期关系来说都是一个挑战。愤怒、憎恨——它们都来自于无法放下情绪记忆。反复想到愤怒或恐惧的人往往会感到孤独。)”可知，需要遗忘药是因为太多的记忆会扰乱和困扰我们。故选C。
3．A 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“If the connections between those elements are too tightly bound in our memory, there's no room for creativity.(如果这些元素之间的联系在我们的记忆中过于紧密，就没有创造力的空间。)”以及最后一段“Many experts have concluded that we sleep in order to forget, so it makes sense that sleep has been shown to improve creativity.If you're short of sleep, your brain is on fire with too many memories.The brain is like a lawn of grass—you need to keep it trimmed to make way for new memories, new connections, and new growth.(许多专家得出结论，我们睡觉是为了遗忘，所以睡眠可以提高创造力也就说得通了。如果你睡眠不足，你的大脑会因为太多的记忆而着火。大脑就像一片草地，你需要修剪它，为新的记忆、新的联系和新的成长腾出空间。)”可知，太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力。故选A。
4．D 语篇出处题。根据第一段“But neurologist Scott Small, who studies and treats Alzheimer's disease at Columbia University, thinks this view of forgetting is all wrong.In fact, some amount of forgetfulness is critical for our minds and relationships to function at their best.”结合文章主要说明了遗忘的重要性以及太多的记忆会阻碍我们的创造力，属于科普知识，由此推测这篇文章最有可能选自新闻报道。故选D。
B
(2024·安徽省合肥市高三一模)
A pair of researchers with Leibniz University of Hannover has demonstrated the means by which robots might be programmed to experience something similar to pain in animals.As part of their demonstration at last week's IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation held in Stockholm, Johannes Kuehn and Sami Haddadin showed how pain might be used in robots, by interacting with a BioTac fingertip sensor on the end of a Kuka robotic arm that had been programmed to react differently to differing amounts of pain.
The idea of developing an artificial robot nervous system may seem contrary to all expectations, but Kuehn says doing so is important in the same way that it is good for humans to feel pain.“Pain is a system that protects us，” says Kuehn.“When we avoid the source of pain, it helps us not get hurt.” So when robots can feel and react to pain, they will become smart enough to avoid it.The more dangerous the robot registers the threat to be, the faster it will withdraw and avoid the source of danger.Additionally, Kuehn and Haddadin say humans working alongside robots that feel pain, especially those in heavy machinery, will be protected around them.
They have tested out some of their ideas using a robotic arm with a fingertip sensor that can detect pressure and temperature.It uses a robot-tissue patch (小片) modeled on human skin to decide how much pain should be felt and thus what action to take.For example, if the arm feels light pain, it slowly withdraws until the pain stops, and then returns to its original task; severe pain, meanwhile, causes the arm to go into a kind of lockdown mode until it can get help from a human operator.
Such robots are likely to raise a host of questions, of course, if they become more common—if a robot acts the same way a human does when touching a hot plate, are we to believe it is truly experiencing pain？Only time will tell of course, but one thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin's work could lead to robots that are more human-like than ever.
5．What do we learn about the robots in the demonstration？
A．They can learn skills like animals.
B．They can communicate with people.
C．They have the ability to feel pain.
D．They respond differently to requests.
6．What is Paragraph 2 of the text mainly about？
A．The significance of teaching robots to feel pain.
B．The principle of robots' avoidance of injuries.
C．The analysis of the artificial robot nervous system.
D．The value of protecting human workers from injury.
7．What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 3？
A．The robot is smart enough to carry out different tasks.
B．The robot can hardly work as well as a human operator.
C．The robot can react differently based on degrees of pain.
D．The robot is tolerant of changes of pressure and temperature.
8．What is the author's attitude toward Kuehn and Haddadin's study？
A．Dismissive. B．Doubtful.
C．Unclear. D．Optimistic.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以感知疼痛的机器人，解释了教会机器人感知疼痛的意义以及机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。
5．C 细节理解题。根据第一段“As part of their demonstration at last week's IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation held in Stockholm, Johannes Kuehn and Sami Haddadin showed how pain might be used in robots, by interacting with a BioTac fingertip sensor on the end of a Kuka robotic arm that had been programmed to react differently to differing amounts of pain.(上周在斯德哥尔摩举行的IEEE机器人与自动化国际会议上，Johannes Kuehn和Sami Haddadin展示了疼痛如何应用于机器人，通过与Kuka机械臂末端的BioTac指尖传感器进行交互，该传感器已被编程为对不同程度的疼痛做出不同的反应。)”可知，演示中的机器人有感觉疼痛的能力。故选C。
6．A 段落大意题。根据第二段“The idea of developing an artificial robot nervous system may seem contrary to all expectations, but ...will be protected around them.(开发人工机器人神经系统的想法似乎与所有人的期望相反，但库恩说，这样做很重要，就像人类感觉疼痛一样。‘疼痛是一种保护我们的系统，’库恩说。‘当我们避开痛苦的根源时，它就能帮助我们不受伤。’因此，当机器人能够感受到疼痛并做出反应时，它们将变得足够聪明，能够避免疼痛。机器人发现的威胁越危险，它就会越快地撤离并避开危险源。此外，Kuehn和Haddadin说，和机器人一起工作的人类，尤其是那些在重型机械上工作的人，将会受到保护。)”可知，第二段主要讲的是教会机器人感知疼痛的意义。故选A。
7．C 细节理解题。根据第三段“For example, if the arm feels light pain, it slowly withdraws until the pain stops, and then returns to its original task; severe pain, meanwhile, causes the arm to go into a kind of lockdown mode until it can get help from a human operator.(例如，如果手臂感到轻微疼痛，它就会慢慢退缩，直到疼痛停止，然后再回到原来的工作中；与此同时，剧烈的疼痛会导致手臂进入一种锁定模式，直到它能得到人类操作员的帮助。)”可知，机器人可以根据疼痛程度做出不同的反应。故选C。
8．D 观点态度题。根据最后一段“Only time will tell of course, but one thing that is evident, Kuehn and Haddadin's work could lead to robots that are more human-like than ever.(当然，只有时间才能告诉我们答案，但有一件事是显而易见的，Kuehn和Haddadin的工作可能会让机器人变得比以往任何时候都更像人类。)”可推知，作者对Kuehn和Haddadin的研究持乐观态度。故选D。
Ⅱ.语法填空 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(2024·河北省雄安新区高三三模)
“Pure love, only for China.” When the host of the Harbin Ice and Snow World in Heilongjiang Province read out the words on the wallpaper of a lost phone to find its owner, 1. (applaud) broke out among the audience, CCTV News reported.
The sentence was from the diary of Chen Xiangrong, 2. soldier, who lost his life in a border conflict with Indian troops in June 2020.The owner of the cellphone, surnamed Xie is a student of the Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine.She learned about Chen's story when she was in high school.Since then, Xie 3. (regard) Chen as an example and hoped one day she could also contribute to the country.So she took the patriotic (爱国的) expression 4. (write) by Chen as a motto, and placed together with the national flag 5. the background of her cellphone.
6. she didn't expect was the sudden popularity of the wallpaper on the Internet, with many netizens 7. (ask) her to share it.“I am very happy that this resonates (共鸣) with so many people.We post-2000s generations are not a lost generation, 8. a generation that can contribute to the future of our country，” Xie said.“I firmly believe that through our efforts and hard work, our country will become more prosperous! We will 9. (definite) live up to the expectations of the times, and make an effort 10. (create) a better future for our country！” she added.
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了黑龙江中医药大学的一名谢姓学生的爱国主义手机壁纸网上走红的事迹。
1．applause 考查名词。句意：据央视新闻报道，当黑龙江省哈尔滨冰雪大世界的主持人念出丢失手机壁纸上的文字寻找失主时，观众中爆发出掌声。空处应用名词applause在句中作主语，为不可数名词。故填applause。
2．a 考查冠词。句意：这句话出自陈祥榕的日记，他是一名士兵，在2020年6月与印度军队的边境冲突中牺牲。空处泛指一个，soldier发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
3．has regarded 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：从那时起，谢就把陈当作一个榜样，希望有一天她也能为国家做贡献。根据时间状语Since then可知，空处应用现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has regarded。
4．written 考查非谓语动词。句意：于是，她把陈写的爱国主义的表达方式作为自己的座右铭，并和国旗一起作为手机的背景。空处在句中作后置定语，动词write与被修饰词expression之间是被动关系，用其过去分词的形式。故填written。
5．as 考查介词。句意：于是，她把陈写的爱国主义的表达方式作为自己的座右铭，并和国旗一起作为手机的背景。空处应用介词as“作为”构成介宾短语。故填as。
6．What 考查名词性从句。句意：她没有想到的是，这张壁纸突然在网上走红，许多网友都让她分享。空处引导主语从句，并在从句中作宾语，应用连接代词what引导，意为“……的事物”，位于句首首字母大写。故填What。
7．asking 考查非谓语动词。句意：她没有想到的是，这张壁纸突然在网上走红，许多网友都让她分享。空处在with的复合结构中作宾语补足语，动词ask和宾语netizens之间是主动关系，用现在分词的形式。故填asking。
8．but 考查连词。句意：我们00后不是迷惘的一代，而是能为国家的未来做出贡献的一代。not...but...“不是……而是……”为固定搭配。故填but。
9．definitely 考查副词。句意：我们一定不负时代的期望，努力为我们的国家创造更美好的未来！空处应用副词修饰动词live。故填definitely。
10．to create 考查非谓语动词。句意：我们一定不负时代的期望，努力为我们的国家创造更美好的未来！make an effort to do sth.“努力做某事”是固定短语。故填to create。
Ⅲ.应用文写作(满分15分)
(2024·浙江省台州市高三二模)
假定你是李华，你负责的小组项目“Surveying Students' English Novel Reading”在学校项目评比中获奖，现受校英语俱乐部邀请作该项目的介绍。请用英语写一篇发言稿，内容包括：
1．实施过程；
2．组员感受。
注意：
1．写作词数应为80左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear English Club members,
Thank you.
【范文】
Dear English Club members，
It's my great honor to share with you our group project “Surveying Students' English Novel Reading”．Our project began with the creation of a well-rounded questionnaire covering students' favorite genres, reading frequency, preferred formats, etc.After distributing questionnaires and conducting interviews among 500 schoolmates, we collected a wealth of valuable data.Following a careful analysis, we finally drew important conclusions regarding students' English novel reading.
This project has been incredibly rewarding, raising our awareness of teamwork and fostering our research abilities.More importantly, learning about our peers' reading habits has sparked our self-reflection and encouraged us to dive into English literature.That's all about our project.
Thank you.
Ⅳ.读后续写(满分25分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
(2024·江西省鹰潭市高三一模)
Katie had always longed for a pet dog, but growing up in a family of diplomats, her parents had to move around the world frequently, so having a pet didn't fit their lifestyle.Even during her university years, the university's rules didn't allow it.It was only after she graduated and started living independently that the opportunity arose.
One day, Katie talked to her housemate and best friend from university, Rachel, about her desire for a pet dog.Rachel suggested, “why don't you consider fostering a dog？There are so many stray dogs in need of temporary homes before they find their forever families.”
The idea fascinated Katie as it allowed her to experience the joys of pet ownership without the lifelong commitment.However, she had some concerns, “What if I become too attached？”
Rachel reassured her, “Well, if you form a strong bond, you can always choose to adopt it yourself.”
Without telling Katie beforehand, Rachel took the initiative and visited a local animal rescue organization to register for a foster dog.One sunny afternoon, when Katie came home from work, she was greeted by a small black-and-white dog.Her eyes lit up with joy and surprise.“Is this for real？”
“Here is Freda，” Rachel said, beaming with pride.“She's going to be our foster dog while she waits for her forever home.”
As the days passed, Katie experienced the joys and challenges of being a pet parent.Waking up to Freda's sweet morning kisses became the best way to start her day.The daily walks with Freda turned into cherished moments of bonding, as they explored the nearby parks and strolled along the serene lakeside together.
However, amid the excitement and cuddles, Katie also learned the responsibilities that came with pet ownership.Juggling her demanding work schedule with Freda's needs required careful planning and dedication.Katie came to understand why her parents never got one when she was a child.She also felt bad always asking her friends to dog-sit when she was too busy to care for Freda.
注意：
1．续写词数应为150左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Eventually, the right family was found for Freda, but saying goodbye was bittersweet.
Several months later, Katie discovered a small package on her front door.
【范文】
Eventually, the right family was found for Freda, but saying goodbye was bittersweet. As Katie prepared to say goodbye, it became an emotional moment for her.Despite the short time Freda had stayed with them, she had left a deep impression, brightening their home and bringing joy and laughter.This experience strengthened Katie's determination to care for more dogs in the future, and she even considered the possibility of adopting a dog herself.Katie took Freda to the adoption agency, feeling a mix of sadness and contentment.She was relieved to know that Freda was going to a stable and caring home.
Several months later, Katie discovered a small package on her front door.At first, she was puzzled, not recalling any orders she had placed.Opening the box, Katie was almost brought to tears as she found numerous photos of Freda enjoying her new life.She excitedly showed Rachel, and both of them shared the happy feeling.They felt proud of the role that they played in fostering Freda and hoped she would continue to live a joyful life.
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