Unit 12 Innovation Lesson 3课件(共32张PPT) 2024-2025学年高二英语北师版（2019）选择性必修4

(共32张PPT)
unit 12
innovation
lesson 3
stephen hawking
identify Hawking’s key events and figure out specific information about the key events ;
analyze Hawking’s characteristics shown in the passage and express your opinions on him;
appreciate Stephen Hawking’s innovative spirits.
Learning objectives
Do you know the scientist called Stephen Hawking Watch the video.
Lead-in
Have you heard about Stephen Hawking What did he discover or do What was special about him
one of the world’s most famous scientists in theoretical physics
to have a rare disease
to lose speech
to overcome the challenge of ...
his physical abilities decline
to discover the secrets of the universe
理论物理
罕见疾病
ALS（肌萎缩性侧索硬化症）
宇宙的秘密
Pre-reading
Stephen Hawking was one of the world’s most influential scientists. He was famous not just for his brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology, but also for overcoming the challenges of ALS (a disease that affects muscle control).
Can you introduce him in your own words
Pre-reading
Activity 1　Fast-reading for main ideas
1. What is the passage mainly about
A. The introduction of Stephen Hawking and his scientific achievements.
B. The analysis of Stephen Hawking’s theory.
C. The description of Stephen Hawking’s books.
D. The introduction of Stephen Hawking’s disease.
√
2．Where does the passage come from
A．A textbook. B．A website.
C．A magazine. D．A science journal.
√
While-reading
__________________________
The _____________ of Hawking
The __________________ of Hawking
The _______ of Hawking and what he was ________ for
2. Read the passage quickly and get the main idea of each part.
death
birth and education
achievements
Hawking’s attitude to life
Part 1(Para.1)
Part 2(Para.2)
Part 3(Paras.3-6)
Part 4(Paras.7-8)
Paras.3-4 Hawking’s________
Paras. 5-6 Hawking’s_______
Career
Books
famous
→
→
→
→
Look at the webpage about Stephen plete the information on the left. (Exercise 2)
Birth
__________________________
Education
St Albans School
The University of ________ (1959-1962), studied _______
PhD, the University of Cambridge (1966)
8 January, 1942, in Oxford
Oxford
physics
Career
Institute of Astronomy, ___________ (1968-1973)
Professor of Mathematics, Cambridge (1979-2009)
Director of Research, Centre for Theoretical Cosmology,Cambridge (2009-2018)
Family
Married to Jane Wilde (1965-1991, three children) and Elaine Mason(1995-2006)
Cambridge
天文学
数学
理论宇宙学
1942
was born
1959
went to University of Oxford to study physics
Read the webpage again. Complete the timeline about Stephen Hawking’s life and work. Then tell each other about him in pairs based on the timeline.
At the age of 21
was diagnosed with ALS
1963
1985
lost his speech because of an operation and later lost the use of his hands
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis（渐冻症）
wrote A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black holes
1988
2005
simpler version
2010
The Grand Design
“Look up at the stars and not down at your feet… be curious.”
2012
2018
died
At the age of 21
was diagnosed with ALS
1963
Q: What was the result of his illness
1985
lost his speech because of an operation and later lost the use
of his hands
Q: How can he speak in the end
speech-generating equipment
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis（渐冻症）
wrote A Brief History of Time: From the Big Bang to Black holes
1988
Q: Did the book sell well
2005
simpler version
Q: What did he argue in the book
sold one copy for every 750 people
2010
The Grand Design
try different ways to discover the secrets of universe
What is a black hole
What are Hawking’s ideas about black hole s
A black hole is a place in space where gravity is very strong. Anything that falls into it never comes out. Nothing can escape from it, not even light.
Hawking believed that the birth of universe (the Big Bang) created many small black holes. His theory was that there was a sort of hole in the center of a black hole, which led to another universe.
Introduce Stephen Hawking based on the diagram
Stephen Hawking
Attitude towards life
Study
Books
Birth
Education
illness
Stephen Hawking was born in 1942 in Oxford, UK. He liked maths and science best at school. And he was interested in how things work.
When he was 21, Stephen got a serious illness. He couldn’t walk or speak. He had to sit in a wheelchair and speak through a computer. But he didn’t give up.
He became a great scientist through his hard work. He enjoyed writing. One of his most famous books is A Brief History of Time. He had a positive attitude towards life and he never got disappointed or discouraged from his illness.
He was a bright star in the world of science. Sadly, this star went out this March. He died at his home at the age of 76.
1. How old was Hawking when he died
A.76 years old. B. 78 years old.
C. 83 years old. D. 86 years old.
2. Which of the following is not what Hawking was famous for
A. His brilliant work in theoretical physics and cosmology.
B. His overcoming the challenges of ALS.
C. His speech-generating equipment.
D. His 1988 book.
√
√
Part 1 (Para.1)
Activity 2　Careful-reading for details
When was Hawking diagnosed with his illness
A．His first year at the University of Oxford.
B．After he found a job in Cambridge.
C．After he raised the idea of black holes.
D．His first year at the University of Cambridge.
√
Part 2 (Para.2)
1. What is NOT the result of his illness
A. He couldn’t speak.
B. He had to stop his study and research.
C. He couldn’t move his hands.
D. His physical ability declined.
2.How did Hawking speak after losing his speech
By using a piece of speech-generating equipment.
√
Paras.3-4
What do you know about the simple version A Briefer History of Time
A. It was written in the year 1988.
B. It was co-authored with Leonard Mlodinow.
C. It was written to be more accessible to common people.
D. It sold well once it came out.
√
Paras.5-6
1. Why didn’t Hawking consider himself an unlucky man
A．Because Hawking could write books.
B．Because his doctors developed a piece of speech -generating equipment that allowed him to speak.
C．Because he had a family, and was successful in his work.
D．Because he went to the University of Oxford to study.
√
Paras.7-8
2.What did Hawking think of himself
A. Fortunate. B. Unlucky.
C. Pitiful. D. Gifted.
√
Complete the summary of Stephen Hawking’s life based on what you have learnt.
Stephen Hawking was born in 1942. He studied at Universities of Oxford and Cambridge, but at the age of 21, he was diagnosed with a serious disease. However, he finished his 1. ______ and got a job at the University of Cambridge and continued his work in 2. _________ physics and 3. __________. While his reputation for his work spread, his physical ability 4. ________. In 1985, after an operation,
studies
theoretical
cosmology
declined
Post-reading
Complete the summary of Stephen Hawking’s life based on what you have learnt.
he started to use 5. ________________________ to help him talk. However, Hawking never ceased his studies and he continued to develop his theories on 6. __________. Hawking believed that he was not an unlucky person. From his diagnosis at 21 he regarded everything since then as a 7. ________. He was proud of his family and his work, and he appreciated the help that many people had given him.
speech-generating equipment
black holes
bonus
Post-reading
Think and Share
1. What was Stephen Hawking’s attitude towards life Find evidence from the webpage.
Hawking had a positive attitude towards life and he never got disappointed or discouraged from his illness.
“Hawking was famous, not just … cosmology, but also ...”; “Although Hawking’s physical abilities … ceased his studies ...”; “In spite of his disease, … unlucky man.”; “My expectations were … been a bonus.”
2. What do you think this saying by Stephen Hawking means: “Look up at the stars and not down at your feet ... be curious.”
It means that we should not focus on our everyday lives and worry too much about unimportant matters. We should think on a larger scale and be curious about nature and the simple things of life.
3. How are the paragraphs on the webpage connected to each other Find and circle the indicators.
Hawking later found ..., Although Hawking’s physical …, Hawking also wrote ..., In spite of his disease
Think and Share
Focus on Language: Phrasal Prepositions
Complete the Word Builder with phrasal prepositions. What other phrasal prepositions do you know
Phrasal Prepositions
Word Builder
1. ___________ 21, when Hawking spent his first year at the University of Cambridge ...
2. His theory was that there was a sort of hole _____________ a black hole.
3. _________ trying to find one big new explanation, scientists should ...
4. _________ his disease, Hawking didn’t consider himself an unlucky man.
At the age of
in the centre of
Instead of
In spite of
Focus on Language: Phrasal Prepositions
Use the phrasal prepositions below to complete the webpage below on Stephen Hawking.
instead of with the help of in spite of as a result of
1. _____________
2. _____________
3. _____________
4. _____________
As a result of
in spite of
With the help of
Instead of
Focus on Language: Phrasal Prepositions
1. What are you interested ___________
2. In your family, who do you have a good relationship __________
3. What are you afraid ____________
4. What are you proud ____________
5. What’s the most serious problem that’s ever happened _________ you
6. How did you deal __________ your problem
Complete the questions with a preposition.
in
with
of
with
to
of
In the early stages of his career, his illness got worse, but he was allowed to do research only rather than teach, which was easier for him.
[句式分析]　此句是__________句，句中but连接了两个_____句，主语分别是__________和____; 第二个并列句中包含了which引导的__________________，修饰______________。
[自主翻译]　
职业生涯刚一开始他的病情就转而恶化，研究所允许他可以只做研究而不用教学，这对他来说更容易。
并列复合
并列
his illness
he
主句内容
非限制性定语从句
Sentences Analysis:
2. Although Hawking’s physical abilities declined over decades, he never ceased his studies and he developed a number of new ideas about black holes.
[句式分析]　此句是______句。although引导__________从句，decline意思是“_____________”， cease意思是“____________”。
[自主翻译]　
尽管在过去几十年里霍金的身体机能不断下降，但他从未停止过研究，对黑洞有了许多新的想法。
复合
让步状语
下滑，衰退
停止做……
3. And he believed this was because of the help he received from his family and a large number of people and organizations.
[句式分析]　 此句是______句。believed 后边是省略了that的_______从句；该从句是系表结构，主语是_____, 表语是短语________________; help后是省略了_________的定语从句，先行词是_________；从句中的a number of 意思是“____________”，后跟_______________。
[自主翻译]　
他认为自己所取得的一切都源于家人的支持和大量的他人和机构的帮助。
复合
宾语
许多，大量
可数名词复数
this
because of the help
that/which
the help
Find more information about Stephen Hawking online. Do you feel inspired by him Give reasons along with your comments.
More information
Inspired
Reasons
Homework