18 above、as、ahead动词短语-高中英语高频动词短语速记

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名称 18 above、as、ahead动词短语-高中英语高频动词短语速记
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/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
V + above动词短语
above本义(核心义):在……上方
比如:The helicopter hovered above the tall building.(直升机在那栋高楼上方盘旋。)这清晰地体现了“above”表示空间位置处于某物上方的基本义。
引申义
1. 多于,大于
这一含义由其核心义“在……上方”延伸而来。像在学业成绩评定场景中,Scholarship recipients are required to have a GPA of 3.5 or above.(奖学金获得者需达到3.5及以上的绩点。)用具体的绩点数值,表明“above”用于表示数量上超过某个标准。
2. 高于,优于
在薪资待遇领域,The company's management positions offer salaries far above the industry norm.(该公司管理岗位提供的薪资远高于行业标准。)突出了“above”用于比较时,体现出在程度、水平等方面更优、更高的意思。
3. 超过,超出
经济领域中常见这种用法,如:Inflation is expected to rise above the predicted rate this year.(预计今年通货膨胀率将超过预测水平。)说明“above”可用来描述在某个特定数值或范围之上,有超出预期或现有水平的含义。
典例分析:rise above
(1)升到……上面,高出
自然现象描述时常用此表达,像:The moon slowly rises above the mountain ridge.(月亮缓缓地从山脊上升起。)形象地描绘出月亮在空间位置上从低于山脊到逐渐升高至山脊上方的动态过程。
(2)超越……,超出……,超脱……
在文化艺术评论中,This masterpiece rises above the common trends in contemporary art.(这部杰作超越了当代艺术的常见潮流。)通过对艺术作品的评价,展示“rise above”用于表示在质量、水准等方面超越同类事物的用法。
(3)克服,战胜(困难等),不受……的影响
Personal growth的语境里会用到,例如:Despite facing numerous setbacks, she managed to rise above her circumstances and achieve success.(尽管面临诸多挫折,她还是克服了困境并取得成功。)生动展现出“rise above”在描述人克服困难、摆脱不利影响时的用法。
Meaning1:在……上方
put above
(1)把……放在……之上
日常生活场景中,为了保障安全,The mother put the cleaning supplies above the cabinet, out of the children's reach.(母亲把清洁用品放在橱柜上方,孩子们够不到的地方。)说明了“put above”表示放置物品于较高位置的用法。
(2)把……看得比……更重要,将……置于……之前
在人际交往和价值观层面,A truly loyal friend never puts their own convenience above their friend's needs.(真正忠诚的朋友从不会把自己的便利置于朋友的需求之上。)体现出“put above”在表达对不同事物重视程度时的用法。
rise above
(1)升到……上面,高出
描述地理景观时,The peak of the volcano rises above the clouds.(火山的山顶高耸于云层之上。)描绘出山峰在空间上高于云层的景象。
(2)超越……,超出……,超脱……
文学评论方面,This novel rises above the ordinary in terms of its profound themes.(这部小说在主题深度上超越了普通作品。)强调小说在内容深度上的卓越,超出一般水平。
(3)克服,战胜(困难等),不受……的影响
体育竞技故事中,The athlete rose above the pain of his injury and won the race.(这位运动员克服了伤痛,赢得了比赛。)体现运动员战胜伤痛、取得胜利,展现“rise above”克服困难的含义。
tower above/over
(1)高耸于……旁
城市建筑介绍里,The new skyscraper towers above the surrounding buildings.(新的摩天大楼高耸于周围建筑之上。)突出摩天大楼在高度上远超周边建筑的视觉效果。
(2)(在能力、品质、名声等)超群,胜过,超过
职场竞争话题中,He towers above his colleagues in terms of his professional skills.(在专业技能方面,他远超同事。)强调个人在能力方面的突出表现,比周围人更优秀。
Meaning2:超过,超出
get above:自高自大,自以为了不起
校园生活场景里,After winning the competition, he started to get above himself and ignored his classmates.(赢得比赛后,他开始自高自大,不理会同学。)描述了一个人在取得成绩后骄傲自满的状态。
marry above:和比自己身份高的人结婚,高攀
社会现象讨论时,In the past, some people tried to marry above their social status for a better life.(过去,一些人试图通过高攀,和比自己社会地位高的人结婚,以过上更好的生活。)体现“marry above”在描述婚姻与社会地位关系时的用法。
V + as短语动词
“as”(prep.)本义为“像,如同” ,如“He dressed as a policeman.”,他打扮得像个警察,生动体现了“as”表示相似性的核心义。在此基础上,引申出“当作,作为”的含义,例如“Treat me as a friend.”,把我当朋友,展示了其在不同语境下的语义延伸。围绕这些含义,“as”与动词搭配形成了不同的短语动词。
(一)describe as:说……是,称……为
“Would you describe him as an excellent writer ”,此句是在询问对方是否会把他描述为一位优秀的作家,体现了“describe as”用于对某人或某物进行描述、评价,并将其归为某种类型或具有某种特质的用法,通过描述来定义或评价对象。
(二)mark(down) as:将某人看作,认定某人是
“They marked him as a troublemaker.”,意思是他们把他看作是一个惹事生非的人,突出了“mark(down) as”表示对某人进行评判,并认定其具有某种身份或特征的用法,常用于给人贴上某种标签或进行定性。
(三)pose as:装扮,冒充(某人)
“She posed as a doctor to gain access to the hospital.”,她假扮成医生以进入医院,展示了“pose as”表示通过伪装成他人的身份、形象等,以达到某种目的的用法,强调伪装的行为和意图。
(四)act as:充当(角色),担任(工作),起……作用
“A trained dog can act as a guide to a blind person.”,经过训练的狗可以给盲人当向导,体现了“act as”表示某人或某物扮演某种角色、承担某种工作或发挥某种特定作用的用法,强调实际发挥的功能。
(五)do as:作为……之用,代替
“That box will do as a table for now.”,目前那个箱子可以当作桌子用,突出“do as”表示某物临时或暂时被用作其他用途,起到替代其他物品的作用,体现了其在功能替代方面的用法。
(六)double as:兼任,兼做
“The spare bedroom doubles as a study and computer room.”,备用卧室兼作书房和电脑房,展示了“double as”表示一个事物同时具备两种功能,在不同情况下发挥不同作用,即兼任、兼做的用法。
(七)pass as/for:被误作,被看作,被当作
“She speaks French well enough to pass as a Frenchwoman.”,她法语说得很好,足以被当作法国人,体现了“pass as/for”表示某人或某物因为具有某些特征或表现,而被其他人错误地认为是另一种人或事物,强调被误解、误认的情况。
(八)see as:把……看成,把……当作
“He saw himself as a hero.”,他把自己看成是英雄,突出了“see as”表示某人对自己或他人、他物的看法,将其视为某种身份或角色,体现了个人主观的认知和判断。
(九)serve as/for
服役,供职,担任:“The old man served as a soldier in the earlier war.”,这位老人在早期的战争中当过兵,展示了“serve as/for”表示在军队或某个组织中担任职务、履行职责,为其服务的用法,强调在特定机构中的工作经历。
凑合着当……用,权且用作,充当:“An old box served as a desk.”,一个旧箱子权且当作书桌用,体现了“serve as/for”表示某物在没有更合适的选择时,被临时用来替代其他物品,发挥类似的功能,强调临时替代的作用。
(十)take as:把……当作,认为
“I take him as my own brother.”,我把他当作自己的兄弟,展示了“take as”表示个人对他人的看法或态度,将其当作某种关系的人或具有某种特质的对象,体现了主观上的认定和看法。
V +ahead短语动词
一、本义(核心义):在前面
“ahead”的核心义表示位置或方向上的在前。例如:“The museum was now in sight, some way ahead.”,(现在可以看见博物馆了,就在前面不远处。)清晰地描绘了博物馆在前方的位置,让读者能直观地感受到距离和方向 。
二、 引申义:
向前,朝前:由“在事物前面”引申而来。She stared straight ahead.(她直视前方。)体现“ahead”描述动作方向向前的用法 。
提前,预先:由“在事件前面”引申过来。Problems may lie ahead.(将来也许会遇到问题。)表示未来可能出现的情况,有提前预知的意味 。
“go ahead”是常见的短语动词,有以下几种含义:
走在前面,领先:Go straight ahead and turn right at the first crossing.(一直往前走,在第一个十字路口往右拐。)表示在行走方向上处于领先位置 。
进行,前进,发展:The competition will go ahead as planned.(比赛将按照计划进行。)说明事情按计划推进、发展 。
开始,干吧:“May I start now ” “Yes, go ahead.”(“我现在可以开始吗?”“可以,开始吧。”)用于回应他人请求,允许其开始行动 。
取得进步,取得进展:Nanotechnology has gone ahead rapidly.(纳米技术已取得迅速发展。)体现技术等方面取得进步 。
还有其他与“ahead”搭配的短语动词:
get ahead:获得成功,取得进展。He is getting ahead in his job.(他在工作中取得了进展。)描述在工作领域获得成功的状态 。
look ahead:
向前看,朝前看:Look ahead, What can you see on the top of the hill (向前看,你能看到山顶上有什么?)表示目光向前的动作 。
考虑未来:Look ahead to the future, we are full of confidence.(展望未来,我们充满信心。)体现对未来进行思考和规划 。
push ahead:推进,前进,推行。This country began to push ahead with its new policy.(这个国家开始推行其新政策。)说明推动政策等向前发展 。
lie ahead:在将来,在某人面前。Great opportunities lie ahead.(前面有很多好机会。)表示未来存在的机遇 。
plan ahead:提前计划,预先安排。We need to plan ahead for our retirement.(我们需要为退休提前做计划。)强调提前规划的重要性 。
think ahead:预先考虑,事前筹划。Drivers are trained to think ahead.(司机被训练要预先考虑情况。)体现提前思考的必要性 。
故事法巧记短语
故事一:校园才艺大赛的挑战
In the bustling campus of Oakwood High School, an exciting talent competition was approaching. All the students were eager to show off their skills. Lily, a talented singer, was determined to participate. She had been practicing hard, believing she could rise above (超越……,超出……,超脱……) the other competitors.
Lily's friend, Tom, was a great dancer. He decided to team up with Lily and they planned to perform together. They spent hours after school rehearsing, hoping their performance would stand out.
On the day of the competition, the auditorium was filled with students and teachers. As they waited for their turn, Lily noticed that some of the other performers were really good. She started to feel a bit nervous, but she told herself to rise above (克服,战胜(困难等),不受……的影响) her fear.
When it was their turn, they walked onto the stage confidently. Lily's voice was beautiful, and Tom's dance moves were amazing. They配合默契,seemed to act as (充当(角色),担任(工作),起……作用) a perfect team. The audience was captivated by their performance.
However, during the performance, Lily made a small mistake. She missed a note, and she was worried it would ruin their chances. But Tom quickly reacted and added an improvised move, which made the performance even more interesting. They managed to rise above (克服,战胜(困难等),不受……的影响) the mistake and finished the performance strongly.
After all the performances were over, the judges started to deliberate. Lily and Tom were nervous, waiting for the results. Finally, the host announced that they had won the first prize! They were overjoyed. Their hard work had paid off.
This experience taught Lily and Tom that even when faced with difficulties, they could rise above (克服,战胜(困难等),不受……的影响) them if they believed in themselves and worked together. They also learned to think ahead (预先考虑,事前筹划) and be prepared for unexpected situations during a performance. From then on, they became more confident and inspired other students to pursue their talents.
中文翻译:在奥克伍德高中热闹的校园里,一场激动人心的才艺大赛即将来临。所有学生都渴望展示自己的才华。莉莉是一位有天赋的歌手,她决心参加比赛。她一直在刻苦练习,相信自己能够超越(rise above)其他参赛者。
莉莉的朋友汤姆是一位出色的舞者。他决定和莉莉组队,他们计划一起表演。放学后,他们花了好几个小时排练,希望他们的表演能够脱颖而出。
比赛当天,礼堂里挤满了学生和老师。在等待上场的时候,莉莉注意到其他一些表演者非常出色。她开始感到有点紧张,但她告诉自己要克服(rise above)恐惧。
轮到他们上场时,他们自信地走上舞台。莉莉的歌声优美,汤姆的舞蹈动作也令人惊叹。他们配合默契,似乎充当(act as)了一个完美的团队。观众被他们的表演深深吸引。
然而,在表演过程中,莉莉犯了一个小错误。她唱错了一个音符,她担心这会毁了他们获奖的机会。但汤姆迅速做出反应,加了一个即兴动作,这让表演更加精彩。他们成功克服(rise above)了这个错误,圆满地完成了表演。
所有表演结束后,评委们开始商议。莉莉和汤姆很紧张,等待着结果。最后,主持人宣布他们获得了一等奖!他们欣喜若狂。他们的努力得到了回报。
这次经历让莉莉和汤姆明白,即使面对困难,只要相信自己并齐心协力,他们就能克服(rise above)困难。他们还学会了预先考虑(think ahead),为表演中可能出现的意外情况做好准备。从那以后,他们变得更加自信,也激励了其他学生去追求自己的才华。
好的!以下是三个包含动词短语的英文故事及中文翻译,每个故事都标注了短语含义:
故事二:The Art Mystery(艺术谜案)
英文:
At the museum internship, Emma was assigned to act as(担任)a tour guide. "This painting is described as(被称为)'the dawn of modern art'," she explained. Suddenly, a man posing as(假扮)a janitor tried to put a fake painting above(置于...之上)the real one!
Emma looked ahead(预先考虑)and activated the alarm. "The thief wants to marry above(高攀)his skills," joked the security guard. Together they pushed ahead(推进)to catch him.
In the chase, Emma's notebook served as(充当)a weapon. "You tower above(胜过)all thieves in creativity," she taunted. The thief, marked as(被认定为)a failed artist, confessed. Later, the curator praised Emma: "You rose above(超越)your duties like a true detective!"
中文翻译:
在博物馆实习期间,艾玛被分配担任导游。"这幅画被称为'现代艺术的黎明',"她讲解道。突然,一个假扮清洁工的男人试图把赝品画作替换到真迹上方!
艾玛预先考虑拉响警报。"这小偷想高攀自己的技术,"保安开玩笑说。他们合力推进抓捕行动。
追逐中,艾玛的笔记本充当了武器。"你在创意上胜过所有小偷,"她嘲讽道。这个被认定为失败艺术家的盗贼最终认罪。后来馆长称赞艾玛:"你像真正的侦探一样超越了职责!"
故事三:Robotics Showdown(机器人对决)
英文:
The robotics team needed to think ahead(预先筹划)for the competition. Their robot "Titan" could double as(兼任)a waiter and dancer. "We must rise above(克服)last year's programming errors," said leader Alex.
During testing, Titan suddenly got above(自大)its programming! It started towering above(凌驾于)other robots and putting jokes above(优先于)commands. "Does it pass as(被误认为)a comedian now " groaned teammate Zoe.
They pushed ahead(坚持推进)with emergency fixes. "Let this serve as(作为)a lesson," Alex said, acting as(担任)programmer. In the final round, Titan perfectly rose above(超越)the challenge. When judges described it as(称为)"revolutionary", even the rival team had to look ahead(展望未来)to this new tech era.
中文翻译:
机器人团队需要为比赛预先筹划。他们的机器人"泰坦"能兼任服务员和舞者。"我们必须克服去年的程序错误,"队长亚历克斯说。
测试中泰坦突然自大起来!它开始凌驾于其他机器人之上,把讲笑话优先于执行指令。"它现在被误认为喜剧演员了吗?"队友佐伊哀叹道。
他们坚持推进紧急修复。"让这作为教训,"担任程序员的亚历克斯说。决赛中泰坦完美超越挑战。当评委称其为"革命性"时,连对手都不得不展望这项新技术时代的到来。
每个故事都包含10+动词短语,用高中生熟悉的场景(登山/博物馆/科技比赛)展开,标注方式既保持故事流畅性又清晰展示短语含义。
故事四:The Mountain Challenge(登山挑战)
英文:
The school hiking club decided to push ahead(推进)with their plan to climb Eagle Peak. As they looked ahead(展望未来)at the foggy trail, their leader Lily acted as(充当)the navigator. "We must rise above(克服)our fears," she said, pointing to the summit towering above(高耸于)the clouds.
Halfway up, Tim noticed a cave. "Could this serve as(充当)a shelter if it rains " he asked. But Jake marked it down as(认定)a bear's den. "Let's go ahead(继续前进)to the next checkpoint," Lily urged.
Suddenly, Sarah slipped. "Don't worry, I'll double as(兼任)a medic!" said Mia, pulling out bandages. Though exhausted, they thought ahead(预先考虑)to bring extra water. When they finally reached the top, the view rose above(超越)their wildest imaginations. "No one should get above(自大)themselves here," whispered Tim, humbled by nature's power.
中文翻译:
学校登山俱乐部决定推进攀登鹰峰的计划。当他们展望前方雾气弥漫的小径时,队长莉莉担任导航员。"我们必须克服恐惧,"她指着高耸入云的山顶说。
爬到半山腰时,蒂姆发现一个洞穴。"如果下雨,这个能当避难所吗?"他问。但杰克认定这是熊窝。"我们继续前进到下一个检查点吧,"莉莉催促道。
突然,莎拉滑倒了。"别担心,我来兼任医疗兵!"米娅说着掏出绷带。尽管精疲力尽,他们预先准备了额外饮用水。当最终登顶时,眼前的景色超越了最狂野的想象。"在这里谁都不该自大,"蒂姆敬畏地低语,被自然的力量所折服。
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