02 after动词短语-高中英语高频动词短语速记

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V +after短语动词
“after”（prep.）具有丰富的含义，其本义（核心义）为“在……后（表示事物的前后关系）” 。
例如“After the war many soldiers stayed in France.（战后，许多士兵留在法国。）” 。基于此核心义，它引申出了“在……后面”“在……以后，在……之后”“照……样子，跟着”等含义，这些含义在众多短语动词中有着具体体现。
一、“在……后面”相关短语
1． look after
（1）照料，照顾，照管：在日常生活中，当需要他人帮忙照顾小孩、老人或宠物时，常用该短语。例如“Please look after the baby while I'm out.（我出去的时候请照料一下小宝宝。）” ，这里明确表示在“我”外出期间，请求他人照顾婴儿，确保其生活需求得到满足。
（2）注意，关心：此含义侧重于对人或事物的关注和关怀。比如“We should look after the welfare of old people.（我们必须关心老年人的福利。）” ，强调我们有责任关注老年人的生活状况和福利保障，体现对特定群体的关心。
（3）目送：描述的是一种看着某人离去的情景。“She stood at the gate and looked after me.（她站在门口，目送我离去。）” ，通过这个句子，我们能感受到她对“我”离去的关注，包含着情感上的牵挂。
（4）处理，对……负责：在工作或事务管理场景中较为常见。“The transport department looks after roads and railways.（运输部门负责公路和铁路事宜。）” ，表明运输部门承担着管理和维护公路、铁路相关事务的职责。
2． be after
（1）追赶，追逐：常出现在追捕、追逐的情境中。“The police are after those gunmen.（警察在追捕那些持枪歹徒。）” ，生动地展现了警察追捕不法分子的场景，突出“after”表示“在……后面追赶”的含义。
（2）寻找，获得：表达对某人或某物的找寻和获取的意图。“I am after you.（我在找你。）” ，简洁地表明说话者正在寻找对方，强调寻找的动作和目的。
3． chase after
（1）追逐，追赶：与“be after”中“追赶”的含义相近，但更强调动作的动态性和持续性。“They chased after the thief but he got away.（他们追赶小偷，但小偷逃跑了。）” ，描绘了追逐小偷的过程，尽管最终小偷逃脱，但突出了追赶的行为。
（2）追求，向……求爱：在情感表达方面使用。“He is always chasing after beautiful girls.（他总是追求漂亮女孩。）” ，形象地刻画了某人积极追求异性的状态，展现了“chase after”在情感追求场景中的用法。
4． come after
（1）跟在……后面：描述事物的先后顺序或位置关系。“Spring comes after winter.（冬去春来。）” ，这是对自然季节更替顺序的描述，体现了“come after”表示时间或顺序上先后关系的用法。
（2）追赶，追逐：同样表示追赶的动作，但语气相对较弱。“Tom came after the thief with a big stick.（汤姆拿着一根大棒追赶小偷。）” ，描绘了汤姆追赶小偷时的动作和情境。
5． go after
（1）追，追赶：强调主动去追赶某人或某物。“The police went after the escaped prisoners.（警方追捕逃犯。）” ，突出警方主动采取行动追捕逃犯，展示了“go after”在追捕场景中的运用。
（2）追求，谋求：用于表达追求目标、机会或事物的意思。“They're both going after the same girl/job.（他们俩都在追求同一个女孩/谋求同一份工作。）” ，说明了在竞争情境下，人们对特定目标的追求。
6． keep after
（1）紧追不舍：突出追赶的持续性和不放弃的态度。“The police kept after the criminal until they seized him.（警方对罪犯紧追不舍，直至将其抓获。）” ，体现了警方追捕罪犯时的坚定决心和持续行动。
（2）反复提醒：在日常生活中，用于描述不断提醒某人做某事的情况。“His wife keeps after him to fix the TV.（他妻子不断提醒他修理电视机。）” ，展示了“keep after”在提醒场景中的用法。
7． run after
（1）追逐，追赶：强调以奔跑的方式追赶。“Run after your sister, she's forgotten her bag.（跑去追你姐姐，她忘拿包了。）” ，在日常生活场景中，用于提醒他人赶紧追赶落下物品的人，突出动作的紧迫性。
（2）追求（异性）：与“chase after”中追求异性的含义类似，但更口语化。“All the girls are running after the smart new student.（所有女孩都在追求那位聪明的新生。）” ，生动地描绘了女孩们对新生的追求状态。
（3）孜孜以求（知识等）：用于表达对知识、技能等的积极追求。“He is always running after the latest ideas in his field.（他总是在追求自己领域的最新思想。）” ，体现了某人对专业领域新知识的渴望和不断追求。
（4）伺候，照顾：含有为他人服务、照料的意思。“I'm afraid I can not keep running after you all day.（恐怕我不能整天伺候你。）” ，在表达自己无法持续为他人提供服务时使用，带有一定的情绪。
8． see after：照顾，照料，负责处理
在委托他人照顾事物或处理事务时使用。“Please see after my dog while I'm away on a business trip.（我出差时请照顾一下我的狗。）” ，明确表达了请求他人在自己外出期间照顾宠物的诉求。
二、“在……之后”相关短语
1． ask after：问候，问好
在通信、见面交流等场景中，用于询问对方的身体、生活等情况，表达关心。“He always asks after you in his letters.（他在信中总是问候你。）” ，体现了在信件交流中传递问候的用法。
2． inquire after：问起（某人情况），问候
与“ask after”意思相近，但更正式一些，常用于较为正式的社交场合或书面表达。“He inquired after her health.（他询问她的健康状况。）” ，突出对他人健康状况的关注和询问。
三、“照……样子，跟着”相关短语
1． call after：以……的名字为……取名
在给孩子或物品命名时使用，体现名字来源与某人的关联。“They called the baby after his grandfather.（他们以孩子祖父的名字给孩子取名。）” ，说明了孩子名字与祖父名字之间的传承关系。
2． name after：照……命名，用……的名字取名
与“call after”含义相同，可互换使用。“They named their son after his grandfather.（他们用儿子祖父的名字给儿子取名。）” ，再次强调了这种命名方式，突出名字的来源依据。
3． take after：（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父、母等）相像
用于描述家庭成员之间外貌、性格等特征的相似性。“The boy takes after his father very much.（这个男孩长得很像他父亲。）” ，通过这个短语，我们能直观地了解到男孩和父亲在外貌上的相似程度较高。
故事法巧记短语
故事一：小镇上的“追贼风波”
One sunny day in a small town, a thief stole a bag from an old lady at the market. The old lady shouted, "Help! Thief!" Everyone's attention was caught.
The police were quickly on the scene. They were after (追赶，追逐) the thief immediately. A young policeman named Tom started running after (追逐，追赶) the thief like a lightning bolt. "Don't let him get away!" Tom shouted.
As they ran through the streets, other people joined the chase. A group of kids chased after (追逐，追赶) the thief too, full of energy. Tom kept after (紧追不舍) the thief, not giving up for a moment.
Just then, an old man saw what was happening. He picked up a stick and came after (追赶，追逐) the thief, ready to help. The thief was getting tired, but he still tried to run faster.
Meanwhile, another policeman, Jack, was driving around town. When he heard about the theft, he quickly went after (追，追赶) the thief. With everyone's efforts, they finally cornered the thief.
After catching the thief, Tom went to look after (照料，照顾) the old lady. "Are you okay " he asked. The old lady was grateful. "Thank you so much for looking after (关心) me and catching the thief," she said.
The kids who joined the chase were excited. They talked about how cool it was to see everyone working together. The old man who helped also felt proud. This little adventure made the small town come alive. And from then on, people in the town became more united and looked after (照料，照顾) each other better.
**中文翻译**：在一个小镇阳光明媚的日子里，一个小偷在市场上从一位老妇人那里偷走了一个包。老妇人大喊：“救命！有小偷！” 这引起了所有人的注意。
警察很快赶到了现场。他们立刻开始追捕小偷。一位名叫汤姆的年轻警察像闪电一样开始追赶小偷。“别让他跑了！” 汤姆喊道。
他们在街上奔跑时，其他人也加入了追捕的行列。一群孩子也充满活力地追赶着小偷。汤姆对小偷紧追不舍，一刻也不放弃。
就在这时，一位老人看到了发生的事情。他拿起一根棍子，追向小偷，准备帮忙。小偷渐渐累了，但他还是试图跑得更快。
与此同时，另一位警察杰克正在镇上开车巡逻。当他听说了这起盗窃案后，迅速去追捕小偷。在大家的共同努力下，他们终于把小偷逼到了死角。
抓住小偷后，汤姆去照顾老妇人。“您还好吗？” 他问道。老妇人很感激。“非常感谢你照顾我，还抓住了小偷。” 她说。
参与追捕的孩子们很兴奋。他们谈论着看到大家齐心协力是多么酷的一件事。帮忙的老人也感到很自豪。这次小小的冒险让这个小镇活跃了起来。从那以后，镇上的人们变得更加团结，也更好地照顾彼此了。
故事二：家庭趣事之“名字的故事”
In a big and happy family, there was a new baby on the way. Everyone was excited. The parents, Mr. and Mrs. Smith, were discussing what to name the baby.
Mrs. Smith said, "I think we should call after (以……的名字为……取名) my grandmother. She was such a kind and wonderful woman." Mr. Smith agreed. "That's a great idea. Let's name after (照……命名，用……的名字取名) her," he said.
So, when the baby girl was born, they named her Emily, just like Mrs. Smith's grandmother. As Emily grew up, she took after (（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父、母等）相像) her mother in many ways. She had the same bright eyes and kind smile.
One day, Emily's cousin, David, came to visit. David was always running after (追求（异性）) new hobbies. He showed Emily his collection of stamps and told her how much fun it was to collect them.
While they were playing, Emily's little brother, Tom, was causing some trouble. He was running around the house, making a mess. Emily had to stop playing with David and go to look after (照料，照顾) Tom. "Tom, stop running around and making a mess," she said.
After that, their parents came home. Mr. Smith asked after (问候，问好) David's parents. David replied politely. Then they all sat down for dinner and talked about their day.
As time went by, Emily grew into a lovely young lady. She was still like her mother, always looking after (关心) others and being kind. And the story of her name became a sweet memory in the family, reminding everyone of their loved ones and the connections that tied them together.
**中文翻译**：在一个幸福的大家庭里，一个新生命即将诞生。每个人都很兴奋。史密斯夫妇正在讨论给宝宝取什么名字。
史密斯太太说：“我觉得我们应该用我祖母的名字给宝宝取名。她是一位非常善良、很棒的女性。” 史密斯先生表示赞同。“这是个好主意。我们就用她的名字给宝宝命名吧。” 他说。
所以，当女宝宝出生后，他们给她取名为艾米丽，和史密斯太太的祖母名字一样。随着艾米丽长大，她在很多方面都像她的母亲。她有着同样明亮的眼睛和亲切的笑容。
一天，艾米丽的表哥大卫来拜访。大卫总是追求新的爱好。他给艾米丽展示了他的邮票收藏，并告诉她集邮有多有趣。
他们玩耍的时候，艾米丽的弟弟汤姆在捣乱。他在房子里跑来跑去，弄得一团糟。艾米丽不得不停止和大卫玩耍，去照顾汤姆。“汤姆，别乱跑，别把东西弄乱了。” 她说。
之后，他们的父母回家了。史密斯先生问候了大卫的父母。大卫礼貌地回答。然后他们都坐下来吃晚餐，谈论着他们的一天。
随着时间的推移，艾米丽成长为一位可爱的年轻女士。她仍然像她的母亲一样，总是关心他人，待人友善。而她名字的故事成为了家庭中一段美好的回忆，让每个人都想起他们所爱的人以及将他们联系在一起的亲情。
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