机密★启用前
2025 年 4 月山东师大附中高一阶段性检测试题
英 语
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用
橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分听力(共两节,满分 30 分)
做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节(共 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 7.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段
对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the weather like now
A. Windy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny.
2. Why does the man make the call
A. To book a room.
B. To cancel the order.
C. To ask for the service.
3. What is Emma doing
A. Making a schedule. B. Phoning her cousin. C. Asking for leave.
4. What does the man think of his job interview
A. Successful. B. So-so. C. Terrible.
5. What are the speakers talking about
A. Different courses. B. Online learning. C. Chinese culture.
第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分)
听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项，
并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟。听完后,各小题将
给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第 6 段材料,回答第 6、7 题。
6. Whose doll is broken
A. Jessie's. B. Katie's. C. Lily's.
7. What does the girl want the man to do
A. Keep a secret from Mom. B. Lend her some money. C. Help fix the doll.{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
听第 7 段材料, 回答第 8 至 10 题。
8. In which month will the clients come
A. May. B. June. C. July.
9. How many clients are coming
A. 11. B. 15. C. 19.
10. What will the clients do on the third day of their trip
A. Visit the factory. B. Watch a presentation. C. Do some sightseeing.
听第 8 段材料, 回答第 11 至 14 题。
11. Where does the conversation probably take place
A. At an office. B. At a pub. C. At a school.
12. Why is the woman considering getting another parrot
A. To do research. B. To please her mom. C. To accompany Molly.
13. What do we know about the study
A. It took three weeks.
B. It observed 18 pet parrots.
C. It gathered over 1,000 calls.
14. How did the parrots choose who they wanted to call
A. By ringing a special bell.
B. By pressing a screen button.
C. By asking their owners for help.
听第 9 段材料, 回答第 15 至 17 题。
15. What electronic device does the woman need help with
A. Her watch. B. Her cellphone. C. Her laptop.
16. What is"The Hub" probably
A. A theater. B. A restaurant. C. An information center.
17. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Strangers.
B. Tour guide and tourist.
C. Shop owner and customer.
听第 10 段材料, 回答第 18 至 20 题。
18. When did the theater celebrate its 100th anniversary
A. In 1985. B. In 1987. C. In 1988.
19. What did Thomas Whittaker do for the theater
A. He paid for its building.
B. He brought in a US circus.
C. He took part in its construction.
20. How does the talk sound at the end
A. Sad. B. Hopeful. C. Concerned.{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
第二部分阅读（共两节,满分 50 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Childcare & Youth Support Volunteer Program in Medellín, Colombia
Join IVHQ’s volunteer project in Medellín to support children and youth affected by poor nutrition,
mistreatment, or abuse ( 虐 待 ). Your role will create safe spaces for their growth through care, guidance, and
educational activities.
Key Tasks:
Plan fun and educational activities (games, arts, sports).
Assist with homework, meals, and daily routines.
Help clean and organize equipment.
Long-term volunteers may lead workshops (English, math, science) after adapting.
Volunteer Qualities:
Caring, patient, respectful, and able to work in teams. Intermediate Spanish (B1) is necessary to communicate
with children and staff. Learning more Spanish improves your competitiveness.
Program Benefits:
Help children build confidence and life skills.
Improve Spanish and teamwork abilities.
Gain hands-on childcare experience.
Explore Colombia’s culture and traditions.
Requirements:
Volunteers must be 18+.
Valid (有效的) travel insurance.
Intermediate Spanish (B1).
At least 2 months’ service.
By joining, you’ll contribute to protecting children’s rights while growing personally. This project connects
you with local communities, offering a meaningful way to understand Colombia’s challenges and strengths. Apply
now to inspire young lives in Medellín!
21. What is the main goal of the volunteer project
A. To promote Colombian tourism.
B. To test volunteers’ academic background.
C. To meet children’s needs for development.
D. To find Spanish teachers for local communities.
22. Why is Spanish (B1) required
A. To apply for travel insurance.
B. To gain confidence and life skills.QABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
C. To better interact with team and kids.
D. To encourage competition among staff.
23. Who might be the most suitable for the program
A. A job hunter. B. A college teacher.
C. A short-term tourist. D. A high school student.
B
It started back in 2018 when Captain Brandon Upton was out in the gulf waters during a particularly cold
afternoon, and he saw a dark shadow floating nearby. As the owner and operator of Sea Tow, a boating assistance
company, Upton realized to his shock that they were sea turtles.
“I didn’t touch it, because I know they are endangered and protected,” Upton told the media. “On my way in, I
saw more and more sea turtles and was very confused. In all my years on the water, I had never seen anything like
it.” Rather than take any actions himself, Upton did the right thing and contacted the animal authorities—in this
case, the experts at San Padre Island National Seashore, who explained the turtles had been cold-stunned.
Cold-stunning is a normal event in which the cold-blooded turtles fall into a still state if the seawater
temperatures fall below 56°F. Their heart rate and metabolism(新陈代谢) drop sharply, and they float, unable to
move. This puts them at risk for boat accidents, drowning, and even land animals that hunt them if the tide and
waves should take them onto the beach.
Every winter since then, Upton has remained watchful for possible cold-stunning events. If the water
temperatures start to fall too low, Upton will bring an air-boat to pull alongside him, into which he will place any
sea turtles he finds. San Padre Island workers receive these cold-stunned animals and place them in a recovery
center where their bodies are slowly warmed up to the temperatures needed to restart their systems. Then they’re
released.
Upton described his 7 years of free help as “only natural” since he carries a lot of special equipment that
makes rescuing turtles easy and is a proud part of the close boating community. He’s an animal lover as well, and
whether it’s “taking a spider outside” or helping cold-stunned turtles, he considers them all like a second family.
24. Why did Upton contact the animal authorities
A. He lacked the necessary equipment.
B. He feared of being punished by law.
C. He needed to seek professional help.
D. He wanted to draw the media’s attention.
25.What’s the purpose of paragraph 3
A. To describe sea turtles’ winter habit.
B. To explain cold-stunning and its dangers.
C. To show the importance of temperature.
D. To criticize the harm of human activities.
26. Why are the turtles put in a recovery center
A. To do experiments on them.{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
B. To ensure their survival.
C. To provide a habitat.
D. To set them free.
27. Which of the following can best describe Upton
A. Devoted and caring. B. Talented and curious.
C. Adventurous and honest. D. Creative and determined.
C
Brown Avenue Elementary looks like any other school, but its cafeteria tells a different story. Unlike most U.S.
schools, where students eat on plastic trays（托盘）, this Rhode Island school has taken a different approach. About
a month ago, it replaced its single-use trays with reusable stainless-steel ones and changed from plastic forks and
spoons to metal ones. The impact was immediate — lunch waste, once filling nine 50-gallon trash bags daily, was
cut to just a third of a bag.
This change was driven by Rhode Island’s plastic-foam bans, which targeted polystyrene ( 聚 苯 乙 烯 )
containers that take centuries to break down and may release harmful chemicals. Though they were convenient,
Principal Helina Dlugon saw an opportunity to make a lasting difference. Growing up on a farm, she had always
valued recycling. Determined to bring those habits to her school, she led the transition (转变) with confidence.
The adjustment wasn’t easy. At first, students disliked having to return the heavier trays instead of simply
throwing them away. However, within weeks, they had settled into a routine. A team of student volunteers now
helps sort waste, ensuring recyclables and trash all go in the right place.
Switching to reusable trays required an initial investment. The school purchased 150 trays for just over $1,000,
covered by a donation. Fortunately, its existing dishwasher made cleaning them simple, adding only 15 minutes to
the kitchen staff’s daily workload. In the long run, the school expects to save $3,500 per year, and its success has
already inspired other schools in the district.
Beyond reducing waste, there’s another crucial reason for change — health. Plastic-foam trays, especially
when used for hot food, can release harmful chemicals. Experts warn that these chemicals pose a risk to children,
whose bodies are still developing. Though change takes time, more schools and states are recognizing the benefits
of reusable trays. Brown Avenue’s efforts show that with commitment and teamwork, even minor adjustments can
create significant results.
28. What’s the instant effect of the new trays
A. They made the cafeteria popular. B. They increased the school’s cost.
C. They significantly reduced waste. D. They sped the sales of metal trays.
29. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 2
A. Harmful chemicals. B. Polystyrene containers.
C. Plastic-foam bans. D. Recycling habits.
30. What can we know about the change from Paragraph 4
A. It received great support from students.
B. It showed its great potential over time.
C. It reduced the workload of kitchen staff.
D. It cost the school a large amount of money.
31. Which of the following is the most suitable title for the text
A. A Small Change, a Big Difference
B. Dropping Plastic, Saving the Planet
C. The End of Plastic Use in Schools
D. An Easy Switch for a Healthier Future
D
In the 1970s, University of Washington researcher David Rhoades discovered something surprising: trees
appeared to warn each other through airborne signals when under attack by caterpillars (毛毛虫). Although his
findings were originally dismissed, later studies have supported the idea that plants can sense their surroundings
and communicate. Zo Schlanger’s book, The Light Eaters, explores this new field, which challenges the old view
of plants as passive and unintelligent.
In recent years, researchers have uncovered remarkable examples of plant behavior. For instance, lima beans
send out chemicals to attract helpful insects, pea shoots react to sound, and some vines copy the look of nearby
plants. Studies also show that plants use systems similar to nerves to send signals when harmed.
However, how these processes work is still mostly unknown, and some experiments, like Monica Gagliano’s
work on pea shoots, face difficulties in being repeated. These findings raise the question: Are plants intelligent
The idea of plant intelligence is arguable, partly due to the book The Secret Life of Plants 1973, which mixed
real science with unfounded claims. Today, scientists are careful in their language, avoiding terms like
"intelligence". While some accept these ideas, others remain cynical, worried about a return to unscientific beliefs.
Yet, similarities between plant signals and animal nerves, like the use of certain chemicals and underground
networks, show plants’ complexity.
Schlanger describes botany (植物学) as a field in change, slowly expanding its limits while dealing with
scientific doubt. Her exploration also talks about "plant blindness" — the habit of seeing plants as unchanging and
unimportant. Looking at plants as active, complex beings could change how we understand and interact with
nature.
In her own garden, Schlanger watched her plants’ detailed actions, like pea shoots reaching for support and
scented leaves keeping bugs away. She concludes that plants, though they don’t think like humans, show amazing
abilities. As one plant expert notes, plants can “seize light”, which highlights their incredible nature.
32. Why is Zo Schlanger’s book mentioned in Paragraph 1
A. To provide an example. B. To introduce the topic.
C. To give an explanation. D. To make a comparison.
33. How is the second paragraph developed
A. By presenting contrasting theories.
B. By citing examples of plant actions.
C. By describing historical experiments.{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
D. By clarifying common misunderstandings.
34. What does the underlined word “cynical” mean
A. Unconcerned. B. Disappointed. C. Determined. D. Doubtful.
35. Which of the following may Schlanger agree with
A. It is beneficial to consider plants intelligent.
B. Plants can think like a human in the future.
C. Plant blindness is a rare phenomenon in nature.
D. Plants are born passive beings without change.
第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分）
阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Cycling, like running, is a great way to stay fit. Research suggests that cycling offers many of the same
benefits as running, such as improved heart health, while being gentler on the joints (关节). 36
Cyclists, much like athletes in other sports, are highly trained individuals. The Tour de France, one of the most
famous cycling events, lasts for three weeks and covers over 2,000 miles. Unlike running, cycling allows the athlete
to maintain a seated position for most of the race. 37
Cycling can be just as intense ( 剧 烈 的 ) as running, says Dr. Robert Clark, a sports scientist from the
University of London. At a fast pace, cyclists can burn around 600-700 calories per hour, depending on the intensity,
which is similar to running at a moderate speed, burning 800-900 calories. 38 One of the biggest advantages of
cycling, however, is its lower impact on the body. When runners strike the ground, they experience forces that are
several times their body weight. 39 By contrast, cyclists only experience the force of their body weight pressing
on the pedals (踏板). It makes cycling a safer option for people with joint problems.
40 It puts significant pressure on the knees and hips, especially during long rides or when cycling on rough
surface. It’s important for cyclists to use proper technique, adjust their bike to the right height, and make sure they
are riding on safe paths. For beginners, it’s also a good idea to consult an experienced cyclist or coach.
While cycling offers many of the same fitness benefits as running, its lower impact and different form of
movement make it a good option for people looking to stay active while reducing the risk of injury.
A.Nevertheless, cycling isn’t without its risks.
B.It can lead to joint and bone injuries over time.
C.This reduces the stress on the lower body, especially the knees.
D.Meanwhile, it comes with its own set of advantages and challenges.
E.Despite fewer calories burnt, cycling still proves an excellent workout.
F.Like any sport, regular rest and recovery are significant for preventing injuries.
G.To fully achieve the benefits of cycling, it’s better to increase intensity gradually .
第三部分 语言运用（共两节,满分 30 分）
第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分,满分 15 分）
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
The ground trembled (颤动) violently, and screams filled the air. As a journalist, I rushed to the earthquake-hit
area, my heart pounding with a mix of fear and a sense of 41 .
When I arrived, the scene was one of completely chaos. Buildings lay in ruins, and people were 42
searching for their loved ones. I saw a man crazily 43 with his bare hands, his face covered with dirt and tears.
I 44 him and asked, “Can I help Do you know if anyone is still 45 ” He looked up at me, his eyes
filled with despair, and said, “My wife and kids are in there.” Without 46 , I joined him, and together we
removed the heavy debris (瓦砾).
Hours passed, and our 47 seemed in vain. But just when we were about to give up hope, we heard a
weak 48 . “Listen!” I shouted. “There’s someone alive!” We 49 our efforts, and finally, we found a little
girl, left in a corner, 50 but alive. The man lifted her up in his arms and 51 with joy. “Thank you,” he
said to me. “You gave me back my daughter.”
As I continued to report on the disaster, I witnessed 52 acts of kindness. I also found a ray of 53 . In
a small shelter, I met an elderly woman who was knitting (编织) scarves for the 54 . When I asked her why,
she smiled and said, “In the darkest of times, a little 55 can go a long way.”
41.A. direction B. duty C. safety D. belonging
42.A. secretly B. impatiently C. hopelessly D. carelessly
43.A. shaking B. clapping C. digging D. waving
44.A. approached B. found C. comforted D. followed
45.A. surrounded B. ignored C. covered D. trapped
46.A. delay B. doubt C. warning D. regret
47.A. effort B. attention C. contribution D. adventure
48.A. voice B. noise C. silence D. footstep
49.A. reconsidered B. redoubled C. rearranged D. replaced
50.A. injured B. absorbed C. lost D. abandoned
51.A. jumped B. cried C. laughed D. danced
52.A. thoughtless B. restless C. fruitless D. countless
53.A. hope B. joy C. cheer D. comfort
54.A. soldiers B. volunteers C. survivors D. journalists
55. A. connection B. warmth C. reunion D. truth
第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分,满分 15 分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
The United Kingdom or the UK 56.________(make) up of four countries is a 57._________(fascinate) mix of
history and modern culture. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised 58.________ (find) that you can see
both its past and present.
B
Eric Whitacre was the first person to come up with 59._______ idea of a virtual Choir. In 2009, 60.________
(inspire) by a video of a girl who was singing one of his works, he asked his fans to make videos 61.______ he then{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
joined together into one 62.________ (perform). Thus his first virtual choir was formed.
C
Festivals around the world have different origins. People from different countries celebrate the harvest festival
to show their gratitude 63.________ the year’s supply of food in different ways. Nowadays, some festivals are
becoming more and more 64._______ (commerce), with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
65.________ (be) an important part of society, festivals reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards
life.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40 分）
第一节 单词拼写（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）
根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词的完整正确形式。
66. There were so many noises outside that we were unable to be ________(专心致志) in studying.
67. Students should take part in v_______ after-class activities.
68. She g_______ us with a smile when she saw us in the street.
69. The warm sunshine __________ (宣告) that spring is coming.
70. Mary is on a diet, so she is very p________ about what she eats every day.
71. It is very c__________ for us to keep in touch with our friends by the Internet.
72. You can take varieties of courses, __________ (范围) from cooking to computing in our school.
73. You’d better arrive ahead of time, which is ________ (意义重大的) for showing your politeness.
74. I am writing to _________ (投诉) about the quality of the TV set that I bought in your store.
75. Jane __________ (小声说), with tears silently rolling down her face.
第二节（满分 25 分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I started working at a new company back in March. From the very first day, I could see that the work
environment was not like any other I had known before. The company had many clients, and their needs were
always high.
Around the same time I arrived, the company began a reorganization. Many people felt stressed and confused
by the changes, and the mood in the office was heavy. I felt that the situation could not continue like this, and I
decided to do something to help. I thought of a plan that might bring a little fun into our difficult days.
The chance to put my plan into action came unexpectedly. One day, a big IT blackout (系统瘫痪) hit our
office. It was a rare moment when the usual chaos of the office paused. I saw this as the perfect time to act. I
hurried to the copy room and found a pile of blue paper. I made sure to cut out exactly eighteen little ponds. I also
created simple shapes that looked like lily pads (睡莲叶) and clumps of reed grass (芦苇丛). Even though my tools
were nothing more than scissors and paper, I was filled with the idea of creating a little world of my own.
After I finished preparing the ponds, I waited until the end of the day. With the building empty, I quietly
walked around the offices. I placed each of the paper ponds carefully in different spots. I put them in corners, near
the windows, and even close to the doorways. Then, I took out a bag of tiny plastic ducks. I had exactly 180 small,
multicolored ducks that I had kept for a long time.{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}
I placed these ducks in a careful and playful manner: some in the ponds, some in the breakrooms, some on the
marker trays of the whiteboards, on the water fountains, and even near the copiers.
注意：
1. 续写词数应为 150 左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next morning, I walked into the office as if nothing had happened.
But the story did not end with the ducks and more ideas popped up.
{#{QQABQQCpwggwkhSACB4rAwmmCEmQkIAiJSoERVAUOAxiwQFAFKA=}#}2025 年 4 月山东师大附中高一阶段性检测试题
英语试题参考答案和解析
第一部分 听力
1-5 ABCCB 6-10 ABBAC 11-15 ACCAB 16-20 CABCB
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节 21-23 CCB 24-27 CBBA 28-31 CBBA 32-35 BBDA
第二节 36-40 DCEBA
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节 41-45 BCCAD 46-50 AAABA 51-55 BDACB
第二节
56. made 57.fascinating 58.to find 59.the 60.inspired
61.which/that 62.performance 63.for mercial 65.Being
第四部分 写作
第一节
66. absorbed/buried 67.various 68.greeted 69.announces 70.particular
71.convenient/common 72.ranging 73.significant plain 75.whispered
阅读理解 A
21.C。理解具体信息。根据文章中的 Join IVHQ’s volunteer project in Medellín to support children and youth affected by
poor nutrition, mistreatment, or abuse (虐待). Your role will create safe spaces for their growth through care, guidance, and
educational activities. 可知，志愿者项目的主要目标是支持受营养不良、虐待或虐待影响的儿童和青年，通过照顾、
指导和教育活动为他们创造安全的成长空间。因此，这个项目的主要目标是满足儿童的发展需求。
22.C。理解具体信息。根据文章中的 Volunteer Qualities 部分，Caring, patient, respectful, and able to work in teams.
Intermediate Spanish (B1) is necessary to communicate with children and staff. 可知，志愿者需要具有关怀、耐心、尊重
和团队合作的能力，同时需要中级西班牙语（B1）以便与儿童和工作人员沟通。因此，要求西班牙语（B1）是为了
更好地与团队和儿童互动。
23.B。推断。根据文章中的 Requirements部分，Volunteers must be 18+，即志愿者必须年满 18岁，以及 At least 2 months’
service，即至少需要服务 2个月。
阅读理解 B
24.C。理解具体信息。根据第二段中“Rather than take any actions himself, Upton did the right thing and contacted the
animal authorities”可以得知，Upton联系动物管理局是因为他需要寻求专业帮助，而不是缺乏必要设备、害怕法律
惩罚或想吸引媒体关注。
25.B。理解段落目的。第三段主要解释了“cold-stunning”这一现象，即冷血海龟在海水温度低于 56°F时会进入
静止状态，以及这种状态给海龟带来的危险，如船只事故、溺水和被陆地动物捕食等。因此，该段目的是解释
cold-stunning及其危险。
26.B。理解具体信息。根据第四段中“San Padre Island workers receive these cold-stunned animals and place them in a
recovery center where their bodies are slowly warmed up to the temperatures needed to restart their systems. Then they're
released.”可以得知，海龟被放在康复中心是为了确保它们的生存，而不是做实验、提供家园或释放它们。
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27.A。推断。根据最后一段中 Upton的描述，他免费帮助海龟 7年是“理所当然的”，因为他携带了很多特殊设备，
使救援海龟变得容易，并且他是紧密的划船社区中自豪的一员。此外，他还是一个动物爱好者，无论是“把蜘蛛带
到外面”还是帮助受冷晕的海龟，他都把它们当作第二个家庭。这些描述表明 Upton是一个热心肠、有奉献精神的
人，因此最能描述他的词是“devoted and caring”（忠诚且富有同情心）。
阅读理解 C
28.C。理解具体信息。根据第一段最后一句 The impact was immediate — lunch waste, once filling nine 50-gallon trash
bags daily, was cut to just a third of a bag.可知，新托盘带来的即时影响是显著减少了垃圾，曾经每天需要九个 50加仑
的垃圾袋来装午餐垃圾，现在只需三分之一的袋子。
29.B。理解词汇。根据第二段 This change was driven by Rhode Island’s plastic-foam bans, which targeted polystyrene
containers that take centuries to break down and may release harmful chemicals.可知，Rhode Island的泡沫塑料禁令推动
了这一变化，该禁令针对的是需要数百年才能分解并可能释放有害化学物质的聚苯乙烯容器。Therefore, they指的
是前文提到的 polystyrene containers，即聚苯乙烯容器。
30.B。推断。根据第四段 In the long run, the school expects to save $3,500 per year, and its success has already inspired
other schools in the district.可知，从长远来看，学校预计每年可以节省 3500美元，并且它的成功已经激励了该地区
的其他学校。因此，我们可以从第四段中了解到这一变化随着时间的推移展现出了巨大的潜力。
31.A。理解主旨要义。文章主要讲述了 Brown Avenue Elementary学校通过更换可重复使用的托盘和餐具来减少浪费
和保护环境的故事，并强调了即使是小小的改变也能带来巨大的不同。因此，A选项 A Small Change, a Big Difference
（小小的改变，巨大的不同）最能概括文章主旨，是最佳标题。B选项 Dropping Plastic, Saving the Planet（放弃塑
料，拯救地球）虽然涉及了环保主题，但过于宽泛，没有突出文章中的具体改变；C选项 The End of Plastic Use in
Schools（学校禁止使用塑料）过于绝对，文章并未提及学校完全禁止使用塑料；D选项 An Easy Switch for a Healthier
Future（一个更健康的未来的简单转变）虽然涉及了健康和转变，但没有突出“小小的改变带来巨大的不同”这一
主旨。
阅读理解 D
32.B。理解写作目的。第一段提到 Zo Schlanger的书《The Light Eaters》探索了这一新领域，挑战了植物被动、不
智能的旧观念，从而引出了文章的主题：植物的行为和智能性。因此，提到 Zo Schlanger的书是为了引入话题。
33.B。理解文章结构。第二段列举了利马豆释放化学物质吸引有益昆虫、豌豆苗对声音作出反应、一些藤类植物模
仿附近植物外观等例子，说明了近年来研究人员发现的植物行为的显著例子。因此，第二段是通过列举例子来展开
的。
34.D。理解词汇。根据画线词所在句“While some accept these ideas, others remain cynical, worried about a return to
unscientific beliefs.”可知，虽然一些人接受这些观点，但另一些人仍然持怀疑态度，担心回到不科学的信仰上。因
此，cynical意为“怀疑的”。
35.A。理解观点态度。认为植物具有智能是有益的。根据最后一段“She concludes that plants, though they don’t think
like humans, show amazing abilities.”和“As one plant expert notes, plants can ‘seize light’ , which highlights their
incredible nature.”可知，Schlanger认为植物虽然不像人类那样思考，但表现出了惊人的能力，能够“捕捉光线”，
这突出了它们的神奇本质。因此，她可能同意认为植物具有智能是有益的。
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七选五
36 D。前文提到骑自行车和跑步一样，是保持健康的好方法，并且骑自行车对关节更温和。选项 D“与此同时，它
也有自己的一套优点和挑战”作为过渡句，既肯定了骑自行车的优点，又暗示了接下来会讨论其挑战或不同之处，
与后文对骑自行车的详细描述相呼应。
37 C。前文提到伦敦大学的运动科学家 Robert Clark博士说，骑自行车的强度可以和跑步一样剧烈，并给出了骑自
行车每小时燃烧的热量。选项 C“这减少了下半身，尤其是膝盖的压力”作为过渡句，解释了骑自行车相对于跑步
的一个优势，即对身体下半身的压力较小，为后文提到的骑自行车对身体影响较小的优点做了铺垫。
38 E。前文提到骑自行车者像其他运动员一样，都是经过高度训练的人，并举例了环法自行车赛的距离和时长。选
项 E“尽管燃烧的热量较少，但骑自行车仍然证明是一种极好的锻炼”作为过渡句，指出了骑自行车虽然热量消耗
不如某些运动大，但仍然是一种很好的锻炼方式，为后文提到的骑自行车时的大部分时间可以坐着提供了背景信息。
39 B。前文提到跑步者着地时会受到体重几倍的力。选项 B“长时间如此会导致关节和骨骼受伤”作为过渡句，指
出了跑步可能带来的一个问题，即关节和骨骼受伤，与后文提到的骑自行车时只受到体重的压力形成了对比。
40 A。前文提到骑自行车对身体影响较小，是一个更安全的选择。选项 A“然而，骑自行车并非没有风险”作为转
折句，指出了骑自行车也存在风险，为后文提到的骑自行车时可能遇到的问题和需要注意的事项做了铺垫。
完形填空
41.B。根据语境“作为一名记者，我冲向地震灾区”，可知此处表达的是职责感，即作为记者的责任感驱使作者前往
灾区。
42.C。根据上文“When I arrived, the scene was one of completely chaos”可知，地震后的现场一片混乱，因此人们绝望
地寻找亲人。
43.C。根据下文“I joined him, and together we removed the heavy debris”可知，此处指男子用手挖废墟寻找亲人。
44.A。根据下文“asked, ‘Can I help ’”可知，作者走近他询问是否需要帮助。
45.D。根据上文“people were hopelessly searching for their loved ones”可知，此处指询问是否还有人被困在废墟中。
46.A。根据上文“My wife and kids are in there”及下文“I joined him”可知，作者没有犹豫，立刻加入了救援行动。
47.A。根据上文“I joined him, and together we removed the heavy debris”可知，此处指他们的努力似乎徒劳无功。
48.A。根据下文“There’s someone alive!”可知，此处指他们听到了微弱的声音。
49.B。根据上文“But just when we were about to give up hope”及下文“and finally, we found a little girl”可知，此处指他
们加倍努力，最终找到了一个小女孩。
50.A。根据语境“left in a corner, ... but alive”可知，此处指小女孩虽然受伤了，但还活着。
51.B。根据上文“The man lifted her up in his arms”及下文“Thank you,” he said to me. “You gave me back my daughter.”
可知，此处指男子因为找到了女儿而哭泣。
52.D。根据下文“acts of kindness”可知，此处指作者见证了许多善举。
53.A。根据上文“But just when we were about to give up hope”及语境可知，此处指作者也找到了希望。
54.C。根据上文“I continued to report on the disaster”及语境可知，此处指作者在避难所遇到一位为幸存者织围巾的老
妇人。
55.B。根据上文“In the darkest of times”及语境可知，此处指在最黑暗的时刻，一点温暖可以走得很远。
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语篇填空
56.made。考察过去分词。句意：由四个国家组成的英国是历史和现代文化的迷人结合。主语 the United Kingdom与
make之间是被动关系。
57.fascinating。考察形容词词性转换。句意：由四个国家组成的英国是历史和现代文化的迷人结合。空处修饰名词
mix，应用形容词 fascinating，作定语。
58.to find。考察非谓语动词。句意：如果你睁大眼睛，你会惊讶地发现你能看到它的过去和现在。be surprised to do
sth.意为“惊讶地做某事”，to find为不定式作原因状语。
59.the。考察冠词。句意：埃里克·怀特克是第一个想出虚拟合唱团主意的人。此处特指“虚拟合唱团的主意”，应用
定冠词 the。
60.inspired。考察非谓语动词。句意：2009年，受一个女孩唱他作品的视频启发，他让他的粉丝制作视频。分析句
子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，he与 inspire之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语。
61.which/that。考察定语从句。句意：2009年，受一个女孩唱他作品的视频启发，他让他的粉丝制作视频，然后他
将这些视频合并成一个表演。空处引导定语从句，先行词为 videos，在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词 which或 that
引导。
62.performance。考察名词词性转换。句意：2009年，受一个女孩唱他作品的视频启发，他让他的粉丝制作视频，
然后他将这些视频合并成一个表演。空处作宾语，应用名词 performance，表示“表演”。
63.for。考察介词。句意：来自不同国家的人们以不同的方式庆祝丰收节，以表达对一年粮食供应的感激之情。结
合句意可知，空处意为“为了”，应用介词 for。
mercial。考察形容词词性转换。句意：如今，一些节日变得越来越商业化，企业利用庆祝活动。空处修饰名
词 festivals，应用形容词 commercial，作定语。
65.Being。考察非谓语动词。句意：作为社会的重要组成部分，节日反映了人们的愿望、信仰、信念和生活态度。
分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语 festivals与 be之间是主动关系，应用现在分词 being作状
语，句首单词首字母要大写。
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