2025届高考热点核心卷
英语（新高考Ⅱ卷） 分值：150分 时间：120分钟
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is the man most probably speaking to
A. A postal clerk. B. A bus conductor. C. A shop assistant.
2. How do the speakers find the movie
A. Unforgettable. B. Complicated. C. Appealing.
3. What will the man probably do next
A. Go to sleep.
B. Drink some coffee.
C. Prepare for his presentation.
4. Where does the conversation most probably take place
A. At a hotel. B. At the airport. C. In a booking office.
5. What is Sally like now
A. She is overweight.
B. She is in good shape.
C. She is in poor health.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Why does the woman refuse to go out with the man tonight
A. She can't understand Spanish.
B. She doesn't really like dancing.
C. She worries about being late for the festival.
7. Where will the speakers go tomorrow
A. To the man's home.
B. To the City Theatre.
C. To the downtown center.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why did Bob make the call
A. To ask for leave.
B. To extend an apology.
C. To make an appointment.
9. What is the reason for Bob not contacting Penny
A. He forgot to call Penny.
B. He failed to get through.
C. He was busy with extra work.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why will sandwiches and snacks be served
A. The guests can have more choices.
B. They are typical food for the occasion.
C. They give guests chances to communicate freely.
11. What does the woman say about the new supermarket
A. It offers big discounts.
B. It sells all kinds of drinks.
C. It is quite close to her house.
12. What will Paul do for the party
A. Make a call.
B. Bring his speakers.
C. Send out invitations.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the man choose to take an evening course
A. It lasts much longer.
B. He prefers smaller classes.
C. He has to work during the day.
14. What is the schedule of the evening course
A. It will end at 10 pm.
B. It will last for a week.
C. It will end after Christmas.
15. What does the man have to do before taking the course
A. Learn a new language.
B. Learn data processing.
C. Buy some computer software.
16. What information does the man get at the end of the conversation
A. How much to pay.
B. Where to register.
C. What to bring.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What business does Milton take up in America
A. Finance. B. Housekeeping. C. Cooking.
18. Why did he advertise his business on the radio
A. It was cheaper.
B. It had a greater influence.
C. It attracted more customers.
19. What contributes to the success of Mr. Angelino's business
A. The good location.
B. The competitive price.
C. The pleasant atmosphere.
20. What is the purpose of this speech
A. To give advice.
B. To advertise a restaurant.
C. To complain about the hard life.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
The Psychology of Autism (自闭症) and Burnout
Date and time
Tue., 8 Oct 02:00–04:30 CST
Refund (退款) policy
Refunds available up to 7 days before the event
Tickets
￡12.00, incl. a ￡1.18 service fee
This ticket is for access to a livestream of an in-person event only and does not provide entry to the venue. Workers of Seed Talks will email the recording 24–48 hours after the talk. Please check the email address you used to book tickets.
About this event
For too long, professionals have outlined what autism is by looking at how it appears through visible behaviour, but have overlooked what those with autism experienced in life. This talk will center on this unnoticed side of autism, and support you and/or others going through autistic burnout.
Join Dr Riordan to learn about neuroscience (神经科学) around autism and burnout, exploring features of autism that lead to burnout. Gain a deeper understanding of the physical and emotional impact this condition can have, as well as practical approaches to supporting autistic individuals during recovery.
Reviews from guests of Seed Talks
● Seed Talks created an inclusive atmosphere. They facilitated such a powerful platform as enables me to gain insights into specialized knowledge.
—Anna F.
● I've attended a few of your talks. Thank you for bringing joy and understanding to the world of neuroscience.
—Joe F.
● Seed Talks have done an incredible job in making all their topics easily digestible and enjoyable to learn about for one's self improvement. It's like TED Talks, but cooler!
—Eva W.
21. What is available to the guests
A. A visit to the venue. B. A full and unlimited refund.
C. A recording of the event. D. A conversation with Dr Riordan.
22. What is the primary focus of the talk
A. Experiences of autistic individuals.
B. Approaches to recovery from autism.
C. Links between autism and burnout.
D. Impacts of autism on the body and mind.
23. What do the reviews suggest about Seed Talks
A. They feature professional speakers.
B. They make their topics accessible.
C. They focus on neuroscience mainly.
D. They have the same style as TED Talks.
B
Situated learning theory(SLT), first presented by Jean Lave and Etienne Wenger, explains the process and development of learning when individuals have the opportunity to participate in a community of practice. In such a community, new learners have more opportunities to practice within the context of learning. In this light, learning is unintentional; this unintentional nature of learning is what the authors call Legitimate Peripheral Participation(LPP) (合法的边缘性参与). In LPP, the learner moves from the edge of the community to the center. At first, they participate around the edge and gain expertise until they become more skilled and become experts.
A similar theory is situated cognition (认知), proposed by John Seely Brown, Allan Collins and Paul Duguid. Their understanding goes deeper into the social nature of learning and argues that learning cannot be removed from the situations in which expertise is gained and merely be applied in school. The culture of conventional schooling influences what is learned, and decontextualized instruction does not lead to effective learning.
SLT has been used in school settings to improve teaching and learning. It's important, however, to notice that although the school offers the social context for learning, it sometimes falls short in the use of this theory. The construction of knowledge needs to be put in a proper and accurate context where learners can participate and apply what is learned. The nature of situated learning and the emphasis on LPP as a way to understand how learning develops can be applied in instruction to understand and design learning processes.
SLT is of great value in many ways. It brings to the table the importance of recognizing learning as a series of activities going beyond just sharing content. The interaction of the learner and the expert in the community of practice and the development of the former into a level of expertise together in a contextualized setting are what finally supports knowledge construction.
24. How can learners grow into experts
A. By seizing more chances to practice.
B. By studying under the guidance of experts.
C. By acquiring knowledge through LPP.
D. By seeking help from special communities.
25. Which might SLT and situated cognition both agree with
A. Learning should happen in a related setting.
B. Knowledge is the product of the context.
C. Learners need to apply expertise in schools.
D. Conventional schooling requires updating.
26. What should schools focus on about SLT
A. Its theoretical nature. B. Its desired influence.
C. Its academic instruction. D. Its precise application.
27. What is the significance of SLT
A. It helps enrich the learning process.
B. It reveals the importance of expertise.
C. It stresses the necessity of participation.
D. It gives a new way to share knowledge.
C
It's April 1, 1911, and 32-year-old Albert Einstein sits on a train with his family. They are travelling from Zurich to Prague, where Einstein has landed a job as a full professor of theoretical physics. He has a few things on his mind, including money troubles, but the most critical is his unfinished theory of relativity. When they leave the city 15 months later, Einstein will have cracked the code.
What happens over this long, unusual year in Prague is the question driving Ken Krimstein's new novel Einstein in Kafkaland —part biography (传记), part historical fiction. Krimstein playfully explores the possibilities, building, with footnotes, on a thorough collection of letters, diaries, and other research. The result is an enjoyable, inspiring read made up of comics.
Krimstein also pairs Einstein's story with that of Franz Kafka, who was 28, virtually unpublished. What ties the two together, in addition to a meeting at a club, is a preoccupation with getting at the truth—"the true truth". During Einstein's time in Prague, a time in which he works out his theory of relativity, Kafka will have his own breakthrough. In one long feverish night he will pen the short story The Judgment, which will launch an unequaled writing career forever transforming art and literature. Like Einstein's completed theory, Kafka's work, too, will offer the world a new way of thinking.
Despite having two characters' names in his title, Krimstein centers mainly on Einstein, and takes us step by step through the meditations (沉思) that lead to his discovery. Nevertheless, along the way he provides readers with a glimpse (一瞥) into the life of Kafka. But what Kafka's presence most crucially enables are imagined conversations between him and Einstein, where the two think hard about what it means to see the world differently from everyone else.
At its heart, Einstein in Kafkaland is the story of ordinary genius. It unwraps the ways in which genius so often arises out of ordinary circumstances. Perhaps even more absorbingly, the book tracks how unimaginable discoveries develop following exchanges with others.
28. What does the underlined part "cracked the code" in paragraph 1 refer to
A. Had a different mission. B. Completed the theory of relativity.
C. Solved his financial troubles. D. Gained insight into theoretical physics.
29. Which words can best describe Einstein's stay in Prague
A. Eventful but unequaled. B. Well-planned and enjoyable.
C. Rewarding and impactful. D. Short-term but transformative.
30. How does Krimstein deal with Einstein in Kafkaland
A. He makes it focus unevenly. B. He writes it in a biographical style.
C. He gives it an appealing title. D. He includes many conversations in it.
31. Where is the text most probably taken from
A. An introduction to a book. B. An essay on Einstein's life.
C. A fantasy about a travel. D. A review of Prague's literature.
D
Eric Slyman of Oregon State University and scientists at a famous software company have created a new, cost-effective training technique for artificial intelligence (AI) systems that aims to make them less socially biased (有偏见的). The novel method is called FairDeDup, meaning fair deduplication (去重). Deduplication means removing unnecessary information from the data, which lowers the high computing costs of training AI.
Data sets from the Internet often contain biases present in society. When those biases are put in trained AI models, they can serve to promote ongoing unfair ideas and behavior. By understanding how deduplication affects the constant presence of bias, it's possible to soften negative effects—such as an AI system automatically serving up only photos of white men if asked to show a picture of a CEO in the U. S., when the intended use case is to show diverse representations of people.
"We named it FairDeDup as a play on words for an earlier cost-effective method, SemDeDup, which we improved upon by including fairness considerations," Slyman said. "While the prior work has shown that removing this unnecessary data can enable accurate AI training with fewer resources, we find that this process can also exacerbate the harmful social biases AI often learns. That goes against our initial intention."
Slyman's method works by thinning the data sets of image descriptions collected from the web through a process known as pruning (精简). It refers to choosing a subset of the data that's representative of the whole data set, and if done in a specific manner, pruning allows for informed decisions about which parts of the data stay and which go. FairDeDup removes data while combining controllable, human-defined dimensions of diversity to reduce biases.
"Our work doesn't force AI into following our own established concept of fairness but rather creates a pathway to lead AI to act fairly when contextualized within some settings and user bases in which it's used. We let people define what is fair in their setting, instead of the Internet or other large data sets," Slyman said.
32. What problem could the online data sets cause
A. Ignoring current biases in society.
B. Increasing the cost of deduplication.
C. Damaging the integrity of the data.
D. Making AI continue existing injustice.
33. What does the underlined word "exacerbate" in paragraph 3 mean
A. Correct. B. Avoid. C. Worsen. D. Display.
34. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about
A. The advantage of pruning. B. The social impact of FairDeDup.
C. The definition of pruning. D. The working principle of FairDeDup.
35. What does Slyman think FairDeDup can do
A. Understand established concepts.
B. Help AI work in a context-based way.
C. Adapt fast to individual preference.
D. Reduce biases of different dimensions.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Volunteering is a transformative act that not only benefits individuals but also has a profound impact on communities. 36 :
Providing Unmet Needs
Volunteers play a crucial role in addressing unmet needs within communities. They step up to fill gaps in services, provide assistance to vulnerable populations, and support community organizations and nonprofits. 37 , whether it's feeding the homeless, tutoring disadvantaged children, or offering support to the elderly.
Inspiring Community Engagement
38 , they are inspired to get involved themselves. Volunteers often share their experiences, raising awareness and motivating others to contribute their time and resources. This increased community engagement leads to a more active and participatory community, where individuals work collectively to address challenges and create positive change.
39
When individuals come together with a common purpose, they create a sense of belonging and unity. Volunteers cooperate with like-minded individuals, forming friendships and networks that extend beyond the volunteering experience. These social connections not only enhance the social fabric of a community but also contribute to increased citizen engagement and a greater sense of collective responsibility.
Enhancing Community Health and Happiness
Through healthcare initiatives, volunteers provide medical support, health education, and resources to underserved populations. 40 , volunteers contribute to the overall well-being of the community. Additionally, volunteering has been shown to improve mental health, reduce stress, and increase life satisfaction for both volunteers and those who benefit from their efforts.
Each act of volunteering contributes to the collective effort of making the world a better place. So, consider becoming a volunteer to give back to your community.
A. Strengthening social bonds
B. Creating a diverse community
C. By addressing social decisive factors of health
D. When people witness the impact of volunteering
E. Volunteering also provides a platform to learn about different cultures
F. The significant effects on communities volunteering brings are as follows
G. Volunteers provide essential services that otherwise might not be available
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
I've never met Mrs. Poddar, the owner of the house where I am living in this foreign country. I finished my 41 through a property agent. Mrs. Poddar is a complete 42 for me.
Yet, a few months later, Mrs. Poddar instructed my agent to 43 my rent, and the new rent is only half of the original! Feeling 44 , I asked my agent about the reason. He told me that Mrs. Poddar 45 I was from abroad studying here alone and was still 46 the new environment. She did this just to offer me some 47 .
Being away from my family to 48 my college degree, I have found the life here 49 in the past few months: no friends, no familiar food… But the 50 Mrs. Poddar showed me opened a new world to me, 51 me not to indulge (沉湎) in negative feelings and to establish new relationships. So I decided to 52 with people in my local area by first lending a hand to others. On one occasion, I shopped for groceries for an old couple, who 53 me to a heavy meal they made. Actually, about half of my spare time is 54 with offering help to people in my neighborhood.
We are indeed from different 55 , but that doesn't loosen the ties between us.
41. A. moving B. purchasing C. selling D. renting
42. A. newcomer B. stranger C. friend D. helper
43. A. lower B. cancel C. collect D. raise
44. A. motivated B. confused C. excited D. annoyed
45. A. anticipated B. suspected C. discovered D. argued
46. A. wondering at B. adjusting to C. looking into D. working on
47. A. convenience B. advice C. comfort D. freedom
48. A. pursue B. change C. polish D. support
49. A. boring B. adventurous C. tough D. eventful
50. A. trust B. wisdom C. respect D. kindness
51. A. forcing B. expecting C. encouraging D. commanding
52. A. negotiate B. live C. correspond D. connect
53. A. treated B. entitled C. guided D. welcomed
54. A. ready B. occupied C. stuck D. consistent
55. A. neighborhoods B. families C. generations D. backgrounds
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A Chinese knot (中国结) is made from a single length of rope 56 is tied and formed into many different shapes. Chinese knotting is a 57 (tradition) Chinese folk art. It has been around for a very long time, 58 evidence showing that they have been around as far back as 100,000 years ago.
Over the long history of Chinese knotting, there have been various shapes of knots with varying complexities. All the different kinds of knots 59 (name) either after their shapes or the symbolic meanings of the knot.
Chinese knots are mainly made with red cord (细绳), although they can vary in color. Red, one of the 60 (popular) colors in China, is very important in Chinese culture, 61 (represent) fortune and wealth. In modern China, the knots are mainly used as house 62 (decoration), especially during festive occasions.
The ancient Chinese are believed to have 63 (original) made knots as a practical method 64 (record) and exchange information. It is believed that the shape of a knot would describe the nature of the recorded event, 65 the size of the knot would indicate the importance of the event.
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假定你是李华，上周你们班在森林公园上了一堂有关环境保护的地理课。请你给英国朋友Steve写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：
(1) 当天的活动情况；
(2) 你的感想。
注意：
(1) 写作词数应为80个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Steve,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
An event that happened 37 years ago turned out to be a gift for me. Mr. Dalton was one of the good teachers—one who smiled because he was genuinely happy and was passionate about teaching us a subject he clearly loved: plane geometry. I was a quiet kid without much social skills, who just didn't say much. I neither got in much trouble nor got noticed. Today, they would call me a nerd (书呆子). Somehow, plane geometry really clicked for me in his class.
Toward the end of the year, Mr. Dalton wanted to check our knowledge of geometry and gave us a 25-question true-or-false nationally standardized test. The test presented each problem with a conclusion shown. If we could prove the result using our theories, the answer was true. If it couldn't be proved, it was false.
I worked through 24 problems, but number 17 was a challenge! I knew intuitively (凭直觉地) that I could prove it. I spent 30 minutes on that proof, covering my page with all sorts of lines I could think of, until the proof was there at last. Satisfied, I marked the question true and handed in the test.
When the results came back the next day, my score was 96, and number 17 was marked wrong! When Mr. Dalton asked if there were any questions, for the first time, my hand shot up. "Sir, I think the correct answer to question number 17 is true!"
Instead of arguing that this was a nationally standardized test and what I could possibly know about the answer, Mr. Dalton did the most powerful thing I have ever seen a teacher do. Saying nothing and smiling encouragingly, he held out his chalk to me from the front of the classroom.
注意：
(1) 续写词数应为150个左右；
(2) 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1:
I went to the board for the first time. __________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
That geometry class changed much of my character. _____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2025届高考热点核心卷
英语（新高考Ⅱ卷）参考答案
第一部分 听力
1—5 ABAAB 6—10 CCBCC
11—15 ABCAB 16—20 BCACA
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
21. 答案：C
22. 答案：A
23. 答案：B
24. 答案：C
25. 答案：A
26. 答案：D
27. 答案：A
28. 答案：B
29. 答案：C
30. 答案：A
31. 答案：A
32. 答案：D
33. 答案：C
34. 答案：D
35. 答案：B
第二节
36. 答案：F
37. 答案：G
38. 答案：D
39. 答案：A
40. 答案：C
第三部分 语言知识运用
第一节
41. 答案：D
42. 答案：B
43. 答案：A
44. 答案：B
45. 答案：C
46. 答案：B
47. 答案：C
48. 答案：A
49. 答案：C
50. 答案：D
51. 答案：C
52. 答案：D
53. 答案：A
54. 答案：B
55. 答案：D
第二节
56. 答案：that/which
57. 答案：traditional
58. 答案：with
59. 答案：are named
60. 答案：most popular
61. 答案：representing
62. 答案：decorations
63. 答案：originally
64. 答案：to record
65. 答案：while/and
第四部分 写作
第一节
Dear Steve,
I hope this message finds you well. Last Friday, our class had an unforgettable experience at the Forest Park, where we conducted a geography class focused on environmental protection.
The setting of the park itself was breathtaking, and it provided a perfect backdrop for discussing the importance of preserving nature. Our teacher guided us through various habitats, pointing out the impacts of human activities on the environment. We also participated in a clean-up activity, collecting litter and making a small contribution to the park's well-being.
This experience was truly eye-opening. I realized how fragile our natural environment is and how important it is to take steps to protect it. I'm looking forward to more such activities in the future.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
Paragraph 1:
I went to the board for the first time. Taking the chalk from Mr. Dalton's hand, I began to demonstrate my proof to the class step by step. I used the whole board and three different colors of chalk to get my solution strategy across. In the end, everyone agreed that the correct answer was true, accompanied by applause. When Mr. Dalton asked if anyone else had come up with that proof, no one spoke up. He gave credit for the correct answer on number 17, and I ended up with a grade of 100.
Paragraph 2:
That geometry class changed much of my character. Since then, I have had no problem speaking to a group as long as I believe I'm right, which, in turn, motivates me to be more confident about myself. Later, I graduated from high school and attended Stanford majoring in Applied Mathematics. When I returned to my hometown after many years, I looked Mr. Dalton up to thank him for allowing me to challenge his authority. His gift from that lesson has served me well and will continue to improve the rest of my life.
M: Thanks very much. Goodbye!
Text 10
Hello, everyone! I'm Milton Angelino and I'm really excited to share my experience of studying business in America. I came to the United States 6 years ago after quitting my job as a bank clerk. And I started off with a small restaurant. I did all the cooking myself and my wife handled the chores. My cooking is great. And word got around town about my cooking skills. It was really too much work for two people. When that restaurant became very busy, I decided to expand my business. I don't have any TV commercials because they are too expensive. But I advertise a lot on the radio and I always put customers in mind and make the dining atmosphere as comfortable and pleasant as I can so that they will want to come back. Hopefully my advice will be helpful to you. Thank you!
