【满分攻略】 专题五 形容词和副词-小升初英语复习精讲精练（全国通用版）（含答案）
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【满分攻略】 专题五 形容词和副词-小升初英语复习精讲精练（全国通用版）
[考点1]形容词
1.定义
形容词是用来修饰、描述名词或代词，表示人或事物性质、状态或特征的词。
2.形容词的位置
位 置 示 例
通常放在所修饰的名词前。 My parents have a big house. 我的父母有一座大房子。
用在系动词后作表语。 The flowers are beautiful. 这些花真漂亮。
跟在宾语后，作宾补。 The new present makes me happy. 新礼物让我高兴。
用在不定代词后。 There is something wrong with my car. 我的汽车出了点儿毛病。
表示长、宽、高、及年龄的形容词放在相应的名词后。 My uncle is 1.8 metres tall. 我叔叔身高1.8米。
3.形容词的比较级
(1)形容词比较级的规则变化
情 况 规 律 例 词
原级 比较级
一般单音节词和少数双音节词 在词尾加-er tall taller
以e结尾的单音节词 在词尾加-r late later
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写辅音字母，再加-er big bigger
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 改y为i,再加-er easy easier
多音节词和部分双音节词 单词前加more useful more useful
(2)形容词比较级的不规则变化
原 级 比 较 级
good better
bad/ ill worse
many more
far farther/ further
old older/ elder
4.形容词原级和比较级的用法
(1)形容词原级的用法
形容词的原级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，有肯定结构和否定结构两种形式。
①肯定结构
肯定结构的形式是“as+形容词原级+as”,意为“……和……一样”。
I am as tall as my sister. 我和我姐姐一样高。
②否定结构
否定结构的形式是“not as +形容词原级+ as”或“not so +形容词原级+ as”,意为“……不如……”。
I am not as/ so tall as my sister. 我没有我姐姐高。
(2)形容词比较级的用法
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，结构为“形容词比较级+ than”，意为“比……更……”。
I am taller than my sister. 我比我姐姐高。
This cat is smaller than that one. 这只猫比那只猫小。
[考点2]副 词
1.定义
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词，用来说明时间、地点、程度和方式等。因此，副词按其意义可分为时间副词(today, now, then等)、地点副词(here,there, everywhere等)、程度副词(too, much,enough 等)、方式副词(slowly, badly等)和疑问副词(how, when, where, why)几类。
2.副词的位置
(1)副词修饰动词时，通常放在被修饰的动词的后面。
He works hard.他努力工作。
(2)副词修饰形容词时，通常放在这个形容词前面。
It is a very interesting book. 它是一本非常有趣的书。
(3)副词修饰其他副词时，通常放在被修饰的副词的前面。
John plays quite well. 约翰演奏得相当好。
3.副词的比较级
副词和形容词相似，也有三个比较等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。副词比较等级的构成规则与形容词大致相同，也分为规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。
(1)副词比较级的规则变化
情 况 规 律 例 词
原级 比较级
单音节词和少数双音节词 在词尾加-er fast faster
以字母 e结尾的单音节词 在词尾加-r late later
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more quickly more quickly
(2)副词比较级的不规则变化
原 级 比 较 级
well better
badly worse
much more
little less
far farther/ further
4.副词原级和比较级的用法
(1)副词原级的用法
①肯定结构
肯定结构的形式是“as+副词原级+as”,意为“……和……一样”。
Lily studies as hard as Lucy. 莉莉和露西一样刻苦努力。
②否定结构
否定结构的形式是“not as +副词原级+ as”或“not so +副词原级+ as”,意为“……不及……”。
Lily studies not as/ so hard as Lucy. 莉莉不如露西努力。
(2)副词比较级的用法
结构为“副词比较级+ than”，意为“比……更……”。
/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
He looked at it more carefully than me.他比我看得仔细。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Ⅰ.写出下列形容词的反义词。
1. new 2. tall
3. happy 4. good
5. different 6. left
7. cool 8. far
9. difficult 10. slow
Ⅱ.写出下列名词的形容词形式。
1. rain 2. cloud
3. wind 4. snow
5. sun 6. log
7. luck 8. love
Ⅲ.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. Who is (tall), Lily or Lucy
2. I can run very (fast).
3. The box is (heavy) than me.
4. Tim listens (careful) than others.
5. My room is (big) than my brother’ s.
6. Peter is always (friend) to me.
7. Look, Jenny is dancing. She dances (good).
8. Listen, the birds are singing (loud).
Ⅳ.单项选择。
( )1. I think raincoat is than umbrella.
A. much useful B. useful
C. more useful D. usefully
( ) 2. My sister is getting .
A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter
C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter
( )3. The monkey's tail is than the rabbit's.
A. long B. big C. longer D. tall
( ) 4. It was very hot yesterday, but it is today.
A. hotter B. hot C. hoter D. more hotter
( )5. you study, you will feel.
A. The harder; the easier B. The hard; the easy
C. Harder; easier D. The hardly; the easily
( ) 6. There is with the car.
A. wrong something B. something wrong
C. anything wrong D. wrong anything
( )7. We should keep the classroom .
A. cleaned B. cleaning
C. clean D. more clean
( )8. Lucy was very after she watched an basketball game.
A. excited; excited B. exciting; exciting
C. exciting; excited D. excited; exciting
( ) 9. My mother gets up at half past six.
A. yesterday B. tomorrow
C. usually D. will
( )10. That little boy is not to carry the heavy box.
A. much strong B. strong enough
C. enough strong D. strong very
V.根据句意及首字母提示填空，补全句子。
1. It's c . Please close the window.
2. Are you h Eat some bread, please.
3. Don't be w . You will be OK.
4. The woman is over sixty. But she looks y .
5. Amy was s , because she lost her doll.
6. What an i film!
7. I usually go to school by bus. But s I go on foot.
8. Spring is coming. The grass turns g .
Ⅵ.按要求完成下列句子。
1. Mary is ten years old. Jack is six years old.(合并为一句话)
Mary is four years Jack.
2. These pandas are fat.(同义句转换)
These pandas are not .
3. The red ruler is shorter than the yellow ruler.(同义句转换)
The yellow ruler is than the red ruler.
4. John is taller than any other boy in his class. (同义句转换)
John is in his class.
5. This flower is pink.(同义句转换)
This is .
Ⅶ.根据上下文提示填空，补全短文。
Class is over. The students are very 1. h . Look, the girl with 2. 1 hair is drawing a 3. n picture in the4. c classroom. And another girl with 5. s hair is reading an 6. i book. On the 7. b playground,you can see some boys playing games. And there is a 8. f boy skipping a rope between two 9. t trees. He wants to lose weight.
【参考答案】
Ⅰ.1. old 2. short 3. sad 4. bad 5. same 6. right7. warm 8. near 9. easy 10. fast
Ⅱ.1. rainy 2. cloudy3. windy 4. snowy 5. sunny6. foggy 7. lucky 8. lovely
Ⅲ.1. taller 2. fast 3. heavier 4. more carefully 5. bigger 6. friendly 7. well 8. loudly
Ⅳ.1. C 2. B3. C4. A5. A6. B 7. C8. D9. C 10. B
V.1. cold 2. hungry 3. worried4. young 5. sad6. interesting 7. sometimes 8. green
Ⅵ. 1. older than 2. thin 3. longer 4. the tallest boy5. a pink flower
Ⅶ.1. happy 2. long 3. nice 4. clean 5. short6. interesting 7. big 8. fat 9. tall
[考点1]形容词
1.定义
形容词是用来修饰、描述名词或代词，表示人或事物性质、状态或特征的词。
2.形容词的位置
位 置 示 例
通常放在所修饰的名词前。 My parents have a big house. 我的父母有一座大房子。
用在系动词后作表语。 The flowers are beautiful. 这些花真漂亮。
跟在宾语后，作宾补。 The new present makes me happy. 新礼物让我高兴。
用在不定代词后。 There is something wrong with my car. 我的汽车出了点儿毛病。
表示长、宽、高、及年龄的形容词放在相应的名词后。 My uncle is 1.8 metres tall. 我叔叔身高1.8米。
3.形容词的比较级
(1)形容词比较级的规则变化
情 况 规 律 例 词
原级 比较级
一般单音节词和少数双音节词 在词尾加-er tall taller
以e结尾的单音节词 在词尾加-r late later
以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母 先双写辅音字母，再加-er big bigger
以“辅音字母+y”结尾 改y为i,再加-er easy easier
多音节词和部分双音节词 单词前加more useful more useful
(2)形容词比较级的不规则变化
原 级 比 较 级
good better
bad/ ill worse
many more
far farther/ further
old older/ elder
4.形容词原级和比较级的用法
(1)形容词原级的用法
形容词的原级用于两个人或事物之间的比较，有肯定结构和否定结构两种形式。
①肯定结构
肯定结构的形式是“as+形容词原级+as”,意为“……和……一样”。
I am as tall as my sister. 我和我姐姐一样高。
②否定结构
否定结构的形式是“not as +形容词原级+ as”或“not so +形容词原级+ as”,意为“……不如……”。
I am not as/ so tall as my sister. 我没有我姐姐高。
(2)形容词比较级的用法
形容词的比较级用于两个人或事物的比较，结构为“形容词比较级+ than”，意为“比……更……”。
I am taller than my sister. 我比我姐姐高。
This cat is smaller than that one. 这只猫比那只猫小。
[考点2]副 词
1.定义
副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句的词，用来说明时间、地点、程度和方式等。因此，副词按其意义可分为时间副词(today, now, then等)、地点副词(here,there, everywhere等)、程度副词(too, much,enough 等)、方式副词(slowly, badly等)和疑问副词(how, when, where, why)几类。
2.副词的位置
(1)副词修饰动词时，通常放在被修饰的动词的后面。
He works hard.他努力工作。
(2)副词修饰形容词时，通常放在这个形容词前面。
It is a very interesting book. 它是一本非常有趣的书。
(3)副词修饰其他副词时，通常放在被修饰的副词的前面。
John plays quite well. 约翰演奏得相当好。
3.副词的比较级
副词和形容词相似，也有三个比较等级，即原级、比较级和最高级。副词比较等级的构成规则与形容词大致相同，也分为规则变化和不规则变化两种形式。
(1)副词比较级的规则变化
情 况 规 律 例 词
原级 比较级
单音节词和少数双音节词 在词尾加-er fast faster
以字母 e结尾的单音节词 在词尾加-r late later
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more quickly more quickly
(2)副词比较级的不规则变化
原 级 比 较 级
well better
badly worse
much more
little less
far farther/ further
4.副词原级和比较级的用法
(1)副词原级的用法
①肯定结构
肯定结构的形式是“as+副词原级+as”,意为“……和……一样”。
Lily studies as hard as Lucy. 莉莉和露西一样刻苦努力。
②否定结构
否定结构的形式是“not as +副词原级+ as”或“not so +副词原级+ as”,意为“……不及……”。
Lily studies not as/ so hard as Lucy. 莉莉不如露西努力。
(2)副词比较级的用法
结构为“副词比较级+ than”，意为“比……更……”。
/ 让教学更有效 精品试卷 | 英语学科
He looked at it more carefully than me.他比我看得仔细。21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
Ⅰ.写出下列形容词的反义词。
1. new 2. tall
3. happy 4. good
5. different 6. left
7. cool 8. far
9. difficult 10. slow
Ⅱ.写出下列名词的形容词形式。
1. rain 2. cloud
3. wind 4. snow
5. sun 6. log
7. luck 8. love
Ⅲ.用所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. Who is (tall), Lily or Lucy
2. I can run very (fast).
3. The box is (heavy) than me.
4. Tim listens (careful) than others.
5. My room is (big) than my brother’ s.
6. Peter is always (friend) to me.
7. Look, Jenny is dancing. She dances (good).
8. Listen, the birds are singing (loud).
Ⅳ.单项选择。
( )1. I think raincoat is than umbrella.
A. much useful B. useful
C. more useful D. usefully
( ) 2. My sister is getting .
A. fater and fater B. fatter and fatter
C. more fatter and fatter D. more and more fatter
( )3. The monkey's tail is than the rabbit's.
A. long B. big C. longer D. tall
( ) 4. It was very hot yesterday, but it is today.
A. hotter B. hot C. hoter D. more hotter
( )5. you study, you will feel.
A. The harder; the easier B. The hard; the easy
C. Harder; easier D. The hardly; the easily
( ) 6. There is with the car.
A. wrong something B. something wrong
C. anything wrong D. wrong anything
( )7. We should keep the classroom .
A. cleaned B. cleaning
C. clean D. more clean
( )8. Lucy was very after she watched an basketball game.
A. excited; excited B. exciting; exciting
C. exciting; excited D. excited; exciting
( ) 9. My mother gets up at half past six.
A. yesterday B. tomorrow
C. usually D. will
( )10. That little boy is not to carry the heavy box.
A. much strong B. strong enough
C. enough strong D. strong very
V.根据句意及首字母提示填空，补全句子。
1. It's c . Please close the window.
2. Are you h Eat some bread, please.
3. Don't be w . You will be OK.
4. The woman is over sixty. But she looks y .
5. Amy was s , because she lost her doll.
6. What an i film!
7. I usually go to school by bus. But s I go on foot.
8. Spring is coming. The grass turns g .
Ⅵ.按要求完成下列句子。
1. Mary is ten years old. Jack is six years old.(合并为一句话)
Mary is four years Jack.
2. These pandas are fat.(同义句转换)
These pandas are not .
3. The red ruler is shorter than the yellow ruler.(同义句转换)
The yellow ruler is than the red ruler.
4. John is taller than any other boy in his class. (同义句转换)
John is in his class.
5. This flower is pink.(同义句转换)
This is .
Ⅶ.根据上下文提示填空，补全短文。
Class is over. The students are very 1. h . Look, the girl with 2. 1 hair is drawing a 3. n picture in the4. c classroom. And another girl with 5. s hair is reading an 6. i book. On the 7. b playground,you can see some boys playing games. And there is a 8. f boy skipping a rope between two 9. t trees. He wants to lose weight.
【参考答案】
Ⅰ.1. old 2. short 3. sad 4. bad 5. same 6. right7. warm 8. near 9. easy 10. fast
Ⅱ.1. rainy 2. cloudy3. windy 4. snowy 5. sunny6. foggy 7. lucky 8. lovely
Ⅲ.1. taller 2. fast 3. heavier 4. more carefully 5. bigger 6. friendly 7. well 8. loudly
Ⅳ.1. C 2. B3. C4. A5. A6. B 7. C8. D9. C 10. B
V.1. cold 2. hungry 3. worried4. young 5. sad6. interesting 7. sometimes 8. green
Ⅵ. 1. older than 2. thin 3. longer 4. the tallest boy5. a pink flower
Ⅶ.1. happy 2. long 3. nice 4. clean 5. short6. interesting 7. big 8. fat 9. tall