Unit 8 Green living Grammar 课件（共27张） 2024-2025学年高一英语北师版（2019）必修第三册

(共27张PPT)
Unit 8
Green Living
Grammar Focus
Verb-ing &
Verb-ed Forms
1. To master the key points of the non-finite verbs.
2. Learn to distinguish the usage of v-ing and past participles in different contexts.
Learning objectives
What is predicate(谓语)
我玩游戏。
I play games.
这是游戏。
This is games.
小结1：谓语动词是描述主要动作或状态的动词。
Lead-in
What is non-predicate verbs(非谓语)
我玩由腾讯开发的游戏。
I play games designed by Tencent.
这是由腾讯开发的游戏。
This is games designed by Tencent.
小结2：非谓语动词是描述次要动作或状态的动词。
Lead-in
为什么会出现非谓语动词
一个简单句只有一个谓语动词!
还需要其它动词含义，该动词则用非谓
Lead-in
What is non-predicate verbs(非谓语)
我玩由腾讯开发的游戏，惹怒了我老妈。
I play games designed by Tencent, angering my mum.
这是由腾讯开发的游戏，引发了讨论。
This is games designed by Tencent, exciting discussion.
小结3：一个句子只能有一个谓语，但可以有多个非谓语。
Lead-in
非谓语动词有哪些基本形式？
to do
doing
done
不定式
过去分词
现在分词
动名词
The falling leaf in the sky is like a butterfly .
进行
Harry Potter written by J.K Rolling is very interesting.
被动
非谓语动词有哪些基本含义？
The fallen leaf on the road is like a piece of gold.
完成
The man sitting on the ground is professor Snape.
主动
分词的时态与语态:
主动形式 被动形式
现在分词 一般式 doing being done
完成式 having done having been done
过去分词 一般式 done 无
A mind map
语态
be done
do/does/did/will do
have/has/had done/
will have done
is/am/are/was/were doing/
will be doing
目的/未完成
主动/进行
被动/完成
非谓语动词应该怎么解题？
Harry Potter written by J.K Rolling is very interesting.
Hearing that you will be back soon, I am so happy.
一、判断是否是非谓语动词 二、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语
三、判断他们的主被动关系 四、主动用doing 被动用done
一、判断是否是非谓语动词
The professor __________(give) us a speech about writing now is from Peking University.
be: is/are/am/was/were
do: do/dose/did
have: have/has/had
情态动词：will/would/can/could/shall/should/must/may
助动词
二、找非谓语动词的逻辑主语
I saw a Ultraman fighting with a beast.
She likes the warrior called Ultraman Tiga.
He still remembers the time spent with his teammates.
The man sitting over there is Daigo.
非谓语动词结构位于名词(代词)之后，其逻辑主语一般为该名词(代词)
I am interested in the basketball match held in our school.
There are so many people living on the streets, and it is crowded.
We enjoyed the performances shown by students.
怎么确定非谓语动词的逻辑主语
Tiga revived under the sea, saving everyone from darkness.
Knowing that he can’t win, he still decide to fight.
Admired by all the humans, Daigo doesn't regard himself as a god.
非谓语动词结构与主句用逗号分隔，其逻辑主语一般为主句的主语
Grammar Focus
Verb –ing Form
动词-ing形式在句中起形容词或副词的作用，可用作定语（attributive）、状语（adverbial）、宾语补足语（object complement）或表语（predicative）。
The crying child had a cut on his knee. (adjective; attributive)
The market is filled with people trading and bargaining. (attributive)
As I walked past the room, I heard two people arguing. (adjective; object complement)
The football game was exciting. (adjective; predicative)
Grammar Focus
动词-ing形式可以代替定语或状语从句，也可以代替由and或but连接的两个并列句。动词-ing形式作状语时，其逻辑主语须与句子主语一致。
When they arrived at the school, the children found it was closed.
→Arriving at the school, the children found it was closed.
Have you met the boss who manages the company
→Have you met the boss managing the company
The car drove through the city, and headed for the mountain area.
→The car drove through the city, heading for the mountain area.
When she carried a large and heavy box, she tripped on a step and fell.
→Carrying a large and heavy box, she tripped on a step and fell.
* Carrying a large and heavy box, her foot tripped on a step and fell.
注意
有些单词或词组如：date back to(追溯到); belong to(属于); consist of(包括); run out(用完); measure(测量)...等无被动形式，做谓语用一般现在时主动语态，做非谓语用其doing形式。
1、The house belongs (belong) to my friend.
2、The book belonging (belong) to him is very good.
3、The tree measures (measure) 3 meters.
4、The tree measuring (measure)5 meters is very tall.
5、Those cities date (date) back to the Ming Dynasty.
6、The city dating (date) back to the Ming Dynasty looks beautiful.
某些短语，be based on; be concerned about; be impressed with; be devoted to; be attached to; be intended at......做谓语带be动词，做非谓语不带be动词。
1._______(base) on scientific research, the report is reliable.
2. The book is based on personal experience.
3.___________ (concern) about her son's future, the mother has been sleeping very badly these months.
4. The mother was concerned about her son’s future.
Based
Concerned
注意
Match the words in bold (1-4) with their functions (a-c).
one flowering plant
leave one little tap running
the world’s best-known expert
Inspired by her example, he began to work harder.
a. attributive
b. adverbial
c. object complement
Practice
1. The girl___________ (dance) in the classroom now.
→分析：该句中_________ (有/没有)谓语动词，所以该空格应使用______(谓语/非谓语动词)；且根据now可知用____________时态。
2. The girl___________ (dance) in the classroom now and she looks very confident.
→分析：该句中________(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有并列连词_______连接了两个动词，所以该空格应使用________(谓语/非谓语动词)；且根据now可知用____________时态。
is dancing
没有
谓语
is dancing
现在进行
有
谓语
现在进行
and
How to choose between doing and done
3. The girl__________ (dance) in the classroom now looks very confident.
→分析：该句中______(有/没有)谓语动词，并且______(有/没有)连词，所以该空格应使用_________(谓语/非谓语动词)；且逻辑主语girl与dance构成_______(主动/被动)关系，所以用__________ (to do/doing/done)形式。
4. The girl who___________ (dance) in the classroom now looks very confident.
→分析：该句中_____(有/没有)谓语动词，但是有从属连词_______，所以空格应使用_______(谓语/非谓语动词)；且根据now可知用_________时态。
dancing
is dancing
有
没有
非谓语
主动
doing
有
who
谓语
现在进行
How to choose between doing and done
解题步骤：
1.确定是否用非谓语动词；
1） 句子是否已存在谓语动词；
2） 并列连词？
2. 判断非谓语动词在句中的成分和作用；
1） doing 主动，进行
2） done 被动，完成
3） to do 目的，将来
3. 判断时态/语态；
1）一般式
2） 进行式
3）完成式
Exercise
People probably cooked their food in large pots, ________(use) twigs to remove it.
The park was full of people ____________ (enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
___________(order) over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.
He saw that it was a book ___________ (name) The Greatest Story Ever Told.
enjoying
using
Ordered
named
(2019·天津卷)Most colleges now offer first year students a course specially _________(design) to help them succeed academically and personally.
designed
I was the first Western TV reporter____________ (permit) to film a special unit.
For many people, especially those _______ (live) in the old parts of towns, this is undoubtedly a problem.
(2020·江苏)Technological innovations, _____________(combine) with good marketing, will promote the sales of these products.
permitted
living
She carefully designed house, ________( turn)the rooms into a dreamland.
turning
________ (give) some pocket money, the boy rushed to buy KFC.
Given
combined
Exercise
A summary of Verb-ing & Verb-ed Forms
attributive 定语
object complement
宾语补足语
adverbial 状语
与被修饰词之间是主动关系时用V-ing
与被修饰词之间是被动关系时用V-ed
有时可以代替定从
与宾语之间是主动关系时用V-ing
与宾语之间是被动关系时用V-ed
有时可以代替状从
与逻辑主语之间是主动关系时用V-ing
与逻辑主语之间是被动关系时用V-ed
see, hear, have, find, leave…
A summary of Verb-ing & Verb-ed Forms
Summary
Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _____________ (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ______________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by ___________ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are higher than they actually are. Of the nineteen _____________(recognize) polar bear sub populations, three are declining, six ________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
Homework