Unit 7 Art Grammar 课件（共24张） 2024-2025学年高一英语北师版（2019）必修第三册

(共24张PPT)
Unit 7
Art
Grammar: noun clauses
To learn about and practise noun clauses
To learn about and practise subject clause, object clause and predicative clause
Learning objectives
To learn and master the use of noun clauses
Pair Work. What role does each part underlined play Which parts underlined can be replaced by nouns
定语
主语
宾语
表语
同位语
状语
What sentences are they And do you know what noun clauses is
定从
主从
宾从
表从
同从
状从
名词性从句在句中起到名词作用。名词性从句包括：主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句。
I look at the man who won’t come back.
That he won’t come back breaks my heart.
He says that he won’t come back.
The fact is that he won’t come back.
I will wait despite the fact that he won’t come back.
He will come back when it’s time.
指出下列句子中名词性从句的类型
1.I don’t know where the new employee is living now.
2.That is why he has refused to enter the large company.
3.The question is how we can persuade him to give up his plan.
4.What made me angry was that he had failed the exam again.
5.It is reported that the Chinese women volleyball team has won the game.
宾语从句　
表语从句
表语从句　
主语从句　
主语从句
Group Work. Read the table. Try to finish it.
名词性从句的引导词 对应的句子类型 是否做成分
连词that 不作成分
连词whether/if
连接代词who, whom, what, which, whose，whatever, whoever… 连接副词when, where, why, how, whenever, wherever…
陈述句
一般疑问句
特殊疑问句
不作成分
who和what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语；whom在从句中作宾语；which在从句中作主语、表语或定语；whose在从句中作定语。连接副词在从句中作状语
Let’s explore the use of noun clauses!
名词性从句
概 念
所谓名词性从句，就是把完整句子当作名词来使用，使之在另一个句子中充当某种成分。一般来说，名词在句中主要充当4种成分：主语、宾语、表语和同位语，从句在什么位置就是什么从句。常见的名词性从句有：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
Summary
主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语,通常由从属连词that,whether,if和连接代词what,who,which,whatever, whoever以及连接副词how, when, where,why等词引导。that在句中无实义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义又起连接作用,在从句中充当句子成分。
1.连词that引导的主语从句
that在从句中无意义,不作成分。
That he had made a big mistake really made the boss angry.
他犯了大错,确实让老板很生气。
主语从句
2.连词whether/if引导的主语从句
whether/if在从句中不作成分,意为“是否”。
Whether he will come to attend the meeting isn’t known yet.
还不知道他是否会来参加会议。
It is still unknown if/whether the plan will be carried out.
这个计划是否会实施还不知道。
3.连接代词who,whose,which,what,whoever,whatever, whichever和连接副词when,where,how,why,whenever, wherever, however引导的主语从句
连接代词或连接副词在从句中有意义,作成分。
Whose coat has been stolen isn’t known.
不知道谁的外套被偷了。
How this happened is not clear to anyone.
这是怎样发生的,谁也不清楚。
Whoever comes will be welcome.
无论谁来都将受到欢迎。
4. it作形式主语,主语从句后移
有时为了使句子结构平衡,避免“头重脚轻”,常用it作形式主语,而把主语
从句放在后面。
①It+be+形容词（necessary, right, likely, unlikely, wrong, important,
certain, clear, obvious, strange, normal 等）+that从句
e.g. It is unlikely that I should accept such an offer as that.
②It+be+名词(短语)（a pity, a shame, good news, a fact, an honour,
a wonder , no wonder）+that从句
e.g. It's no wonder that he didn't want to go.
③It+be+过去分词（said, told, heard, reported, decided, suggested, advised, ordered, remembered, thought, considered, well-known, announced等）+that从 句
e.g. It is decided that the meeting has been put off until next Monday.
④It +动词+宾语+ that从句
e.g. It struck me that we ought to make a new plan.
特别提醒　1.whether与if
(1)whether引导的主语从句置于句首时,不可用if来替换。
2.主语从句的主谓一致
主语从句通常被看作一个整体,主句的谓语动词用单数形式。
That they will come is certain.他们来是一定的。
【即学即用】
①他丢了自行车这件事让他很难过。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　made him very sad.
②这个人在会上说的话让我们很吃惊。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　made us surprised.
③我不知道是否他会把书还回来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　isn’t known to me.
④据报道,很多人放弃了这个城市。
　　　　　　　　　a lot of people have given up this city.
That he had lost his bike
What the man said at the meeting
Whether he will return the book
It is reported that
宾语从句在复合句中作及物动词或介词的宾语。
结构为:主语+谓语(vt.)+宾语从句或介词(prep.)+宾语从句。
We discovered what we had learned to be valuable.
我们发现我们所学到的东西都是有用的。
Give a reading list to whoever comes.
给所有来的人一份阅读书目。
引导宾语从句的词有连词that(无意义,不作成分); if/whether(是否);连接代词who,whose,what,which等;连接副词when,where,how,why等。宾语从句需要特别注意的问题:引导词、语序和时态。如果主句时态是过去时,从句通常用过去时态与主句一致;语序为陈述语序。
宾语从句
1.连词that引导的宾语从句
that在宾语从句中不充当任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中可以省略。
He told me (that) he would go to the college the next year.
他告诉我他明年上大学。
特别提醒　(1)在以下情况中that不能省略:
①动词后有两个或两个以上由that引导的宾语从句时,第一个that可以省略,其余的that一般都不能省略。
We all think (that) she is working very hard and that she will surely go to a very good university.
我们都认为她学习非常努力,一定能进一个非常好的大学。
②当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时,that一般不可以省略。
Just then I noticed,for the first time,that our master was wearing his fine green coat.
那时我第一次注意到我们的老师穿着他的好看的绿色大衣。
③当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时,that不可以省略。
I can’t tell him that his mother died.
我不能告诉他他的母亲去世了。
(2)动词+it+形容词或固定搭配+(that)从句。
We think it important (that) every citizen should have good manners.
我们认为每个公民有礼貌是很重要的。
(3)在demand,request,command,order,suggest,insist,desire等表示要求、命令、建议、坚持等意义的动词后,宾语从句常用“(should+)动词原形”。
The commander ordered that troops (should) set off at once.
司令员命令部队马上出发。
(4)动词doubt的否定结构和疑问结构中用that;肯定结构用whether/if。
I don’t doubt that he’ll be against the idea.
我毫不怀疑他会反对这一想法。
I doubt whether he will come on time.
我怀疑他是否能按时来。
2. wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句
由who,whom,which,whose,what,when,where,why, whoever, whatever, whichever等连接词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句。连接词在宾语从句中担当一定的成分,语序用陈述语序。
In one’s own home one can do what one likes.
3.whether/if 引导的宾语从句
由whether/if引导的宾语从句,实际上是由一般疑问句演变而来的,意为“是否”;宾语从句要用陈述语序。一般说来,在宾语从句中whether与if可以互换使用,但在特殊情况下if与whether是不能互换的。
I wonder whether/if they will come to our party.
我想知道他们是否会来参加我们的晚会
特别提醒　只能用whether,不能用if的情况:
(1)在带to的不定式前
We didn’t decide whether to walk there.
我们还没决定是否走着去那里。
(2)在介词的后面
I’m thinking of whether we should go to see the film.
(3)直接与or not连用时
I can’t say whether or not they can come on time.
我也不敢说他们是否能够按时到达。
4.宾语从句的一些注意事项
(1)一般情况下介词后只能用wh-类连接词引导宾语从句,但but,except,besides等后可接that引导的宾语从句。
He goes to the library every day except when it is raining.
除了下雨天外,他每天都去图书馆。
I know nothing about my new neighbour except that he is a teacher.
我只知道我的新邻居是一位老师。
(2)动词find,consider,think,feel,believe,make等后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语that从句后置。
I have made it clear that I will not accept this job.
(3)有些(短语)动词,如enjoy,love,like,hate,appreciate,take, hide,see to,insist on,depend on,rely on等接宾语从句时,习惯上在从句前加形式宾语it。
I hate it when people ask me for money.
(4)宾语从句的语序
宾语从句的语序用陈述语序,即:连接代词/副词+主语+谓语+其他成分。
【即学即用】
翻译句子
①他问我什么时候去欧洲旅行。
②我不知道什么使得他学习更加努力了。
He asked me when I would travel to Europe.
I don’t know what has made him work harder.
③女孩决定不了是否去看望那些孩子们。
④我讨厌人们嘴里含着饭讲话。
The girl can’t decide whether/if she will go to see the children.
I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.
用作表语的从句叫做表语从句。
e.g. My point is that you may have to face the problem.
The problem is who we can get to replace Frank.
That is where the battle took place.
后跟表语从句的除be外，还有appear, become, look, remain, seem, sound等。
e.g. I feel sorry for her, but the fact remains that she lied to us.
(3)由why与because引导的表语从句
I was angry. That was because he didn’t come.
我生气了,那是因为他没来。(强调原因)
表语从句
He didn’t come.That was why I was angry.
他没来,那就是我为什么生气了。(强调结果)
【注意】
在advice, suggestion, order等表示建议、劝告、命令等含义的名词后的表语从句中，谓语部分要用“should +动词原形”结构，should可以省略。
e.g. Jack’s suggestion is that we (should) attend the meeting.
whether可以引导表语从句， if一般不可以。
e.g. The question is whether to go to London or Paris.
as if / as though也可引导表语从句。
e.g. All this was over 20 years ago, but it’s as if/as though it was only yesterday.
主句主语为reason时,表语从句的引导词要用that,一般不用why或because。
e.g. The reason for such a serious accident is that the driver was drunk.
【即学即用】
①他很懒惰,那就是他为什么考试又失败的原因。
He was lazy and that is 　　　　 　　　　　　.
②他迟到了,原因是他遭遇了堵车。
He was late.The reason is 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
why he has failed the exam again
that he was caught in the traffic jam
③那就是让他那么失望的事情。
That is 　　　　　 　　.
④问题是他们是否会喜欢那个计划。
The question remains 　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　.
what makes him so disappointed
whether they will like the plan or not
知
识
脉
络
Write five sentences using noun clauses.
Write ten sentences using noun clauses.
Homework