中考复习 阅读填表16篇（江苏专用）
（2025·江苏南京·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置上。
注意：前8个题每个空格只填一个单词，第9题不超过十个单词。
Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, 68, was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on March 4. becoming the second winner from China to receive the highest honor in the field of architecture. Based in Chengdu, Liu’s career covers four decades and more than 30 projects. He founded Jiakun Architects in 1999 and has built a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully designed museums and monuments (纪念碑) to large commercial buildings and master plans for cities.
The Pritzker Architecture Prize
Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on “low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported. “He has developed a strategy that never bases on a recurring (反复出现的) method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently,” the jury (评审团) said in its citation announcing the award.
One of Liu’s most well-known projects around the world was the so-called “rebirth bricks” he created after the terrible Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings. More than just recycling, these bricks were “a poetic metaphor”, for the rebirth of the material and “the spiritual rebirth of the community at a time of national mourning”, reported The Guardian, These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis pharmaceutical (制药) company in Shanghai.
Liu’s design also focuses on ordinary people. This is reflected in his largest project, West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu, The complex includes a soccer field, a market, and pathways for cyclists and pedestrians (行人). With grass growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the liveliness of ‘everyday life’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017. It has become a popular destination for people from home and abroad to spend their leisure time.
“Architecture serves to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we strive for,” Liu told China Daily.
Designing Buildings in Harmony with Nature
Introduction ※68-year-old Chinese architect Liu Jiakun was 1 with the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize, which was the highest honor in the field of architecture.
Career ※He devoted over forty years to architecture. ※In 1999, he 2 up Jiakun Architect. He has built a various body of work.
Design philosophy ※According to The Spaces, Liu uses local materials or cultural features and creates beauty through low-tech simplicity 3 of sticking to a fixed style. ※Liu avoids using the same approach every time and carefully studies what makes each project unique and then designs solutions 4 on its special needs.
Two 5 projects ※He is well-known as the 6 of “rebirth bricks”, which is considered a beautiful symbol showing how broken things can become new again and how people can heal after a disaster. ※The design of West Village in Chengdu used bricks with holes where grass grows, making people’s daily life 7 .
Liu’s opinion ※The 8 of architecture lies in creating a beautiful, just and dignity living environment and that is what we are pursuing.
What can you learn from Liu Jiakun and his works 9
【答案】1．presented 2．set 3．instead 4．based 5．Well-known 6．creator 7．lively 8．purpose 9．His works create a beautiful, just and dignified living environment.
【导语】本文主要讲述了中国建筑师刘家琨获得2025年普利兹克建筑奖的事迹。
1．根据“Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, 68, was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on March 4. becoming the second winner from China to receive the highest honor in the field of architecture.”可知68岁的中国建筑师刘坚坤获得了2025年普利兹克建筑奖，这是建筑领域的最高荣誉，be presented with意为“被授予”。故填presented。
2．根据“Based in Chengdu, Liu’s career covers four decades and more than 30 projects. He founded Jiakun Architects in 1999 and has built a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully designed museums and monuments (纪念碑) to large commercial buildings and master plans for cities.”可知刘坚坤于1999年创立了坚坤建筑事务所，set up“建立，创立”，此处为一般过去时，用动词过去式。故填set。
3．根据“Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on “low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported.”可知刘坚坤的设计方法不是固定的风格，而是根据具体情况进行研究，instead of“代替，而不是”。故填instead。
4．根据“He has developed a strategy that never bases on a recurring (反复出现的) method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently,”可知刘坚坤的设计解决方案是基于每个项目的特殊需求，based on“基于，位于”。故填based。
5．根据“One of Liu’s most well-known projects around the world was the so-called “rebirth bricks” he created after the terrible Wenchuan earthquake in 2008.”可知刘坚坤因“重生砖”而闻名。故填Well-known。
6．根据“To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings.”可知刘坚坤是“重生砖”的创造者。故填creator。
7．根据“With grass growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the liveliness of ‘everyday life’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017.”可知成都西村的设计让日常生活充满活力。故填lively。
8．根据“Architecture serves to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we strive for,”可知建筑的目的在于创造一个美丽、公正和有尊严的生活环境。故填purpose。
9．根据“Architecture serves to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we strive for,”可知刘坚坤的观点是：他的作品创造了一个美丽、公正和有尊严的生活环境。故填His works create a beautiful, just and dignified living environment.
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）阅读短文，根据其内容完成文后的表格。(每空不超过3个词)
After a long day’s study at school, you are very tired. So after school you go home to relax. When you get home, a robot welcomes you. He’s happy to see you and helps you take your school things to your room. He listens to you talk about your school life and tells you a new joke. And he tells you to call your cousin and to say happy birthday. And then he helps you with your homework.
This is your future, and the robot’s name is NAO. NAO has a small body, big eyes and a large head. He can walk and dance. He listens and talks, and he even learns and thinks for himself. His creators predict that the robot will be in people’s homes before 2040. This $16, 000 robot knows who you are.
NAO can even express emotions (表达情感). He is a self-guided robot. A self-guided robot can sense (感觉), think and act. Other robots might do two out of the three. For example, a robot might sense things using cameras and think using computers, but with no arms, he can’t act. Another robot can move and sense things, but he can’t think for himself. These aren’t self-guided robots. But NAO can do them all.
NAO—A Home Robot in the Future
Your life with a robot at home in the future ●The robot can welcome you and help you carry things when you 10 . ●The robot can listen and speak to you. He can even tell jokes. ●The robot can remind you of the things you forgot and help with your homework.
Something about NAO Looks He has a small body, big eyes and a large head.
Ability ●He can 11 , listen and talk, learn and think. ●He can also know who you are.
Prediction ●He will be used 12 before 2040. ●You can buy the robot NAO at the price of $16, 000.
The 13 between NAO and other robots ●Because of having more abilities than other robots, NAO is called 14 . ●NAO can sense, think and act, but other robots can only do two out of the three.
【答案】10．get home 11．walk and dance 12．in people’s homes 13．differences 14．a self-guided robot
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了未来家庭机器人NAO的功能、外观、能力以及与其他机器人的区别。
10．根据文章第一段“When you get home, a robot welcomes you.”可知，机器人会在你到家时迎接你。故填get home。
11．根据文章第二段“He can walk and dance.”可知，NAO具备走路和跳舞的能力。故填walk and dance。
12．根据文章第二段“His creators predict that the robot will be in people’s homes before 2040.”可知，NAO将人们的家中被使用。故填in people’s homes。
13．根据文章第三段“NAO can even express emotions ...But NAO can do them all.”可知，这里主要讲了NAO和其他机器人的区别，difference“差别”，此处使用复数形式表示泛指。故填differences。
14．根据文章第三段“He is a self-guided robot.”可知，NAO被称为“a self-guided robot”。故填a self-guided robot。
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）After waking up, you may feel frustrated that you cannot recall the dreams you had last night. Artificial Intelligence (AI) may be able to help.
Previously, there have been AI models that can turn texts into images. They do this by learning from a large amount of data from both texts and images. This time, researchers from Osaka University in Japan have trained an AI system called Stable Diffusion to recreate images directly from people’s brain scans, Science magazine reported.
The researchers used an online data set provided by the University of Minnesota, which consisted of brain scans from four participants (参与者) as they each viewed a set of 10,000 photos. The scans were recorded by functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI, 功能性磁共振成像).
The AI then learned about the participants’ brain activities by analyzing changes in blood flow shown by the FMRI data—when a part of the brain is activated (激活), more blood will flow to it. It then matched the brain activities with the photos. Through this method, AI learned how human brains would react when seeing different photos.
Finally, the researchers tested the AI on additional brain scans from the same participants when they viewed photos of a toy bear, airplane, clock and train. If the person looked at an airplane, for example, the AI would use the brain scan data to create an image of a very blurry (模糊的) airplane. Then, it would turn on the previous “text-to-image” model and improve the quality of the image by feeding itself the keyword “airplane”. The final images were “convincing” with about 80 percent of accuracy (准确性), according to the researchers.
The new study created a novel approach that combines texts and images to “decipher (解码) the brain”. According to Ariel Goldstein from Princeton University, US, told Science magazine. In the future, scientists hope that the technology can be used to record imagined thoughts and dreams or allow people to understand how differently other animals perceive (感知) reality.
Title Brain Scans by AI
Problem You can’t remember the dreams you had last night, which 15 you to feel frustrated.
Solution An AI system called Stable Diffusion recreates images 16 on people’s brain scans.
Ways ● The researchers used an online data set that was 17 up of brain scans from four participants. ● AI analyzed changes to get 18 about the brain activities. ● It matched the photos the participants 19 with the brain activities. ● The researchers tested the AI on additional brains scans. Moreover, AI 20 itself keywords to make the quality of image better.
Conclusion It is 21 that people can record imagined thoughts and dreams through the technology. It can also help understand how animals perceive the world differently 22 humans.
Do you think the technology is useful Why or why not 23
【答案】15．causes/leads/gets 16．based 17．made 18．information 19．viewed/saw 20．fed 21．hoped/expected/hopeful 22．from 23．Yes, it’s useful. Because it can help people remember forgotten dreams. (言之有理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了日本大阪大学研究人员开发的AI系统Stable Diffusion如何通过脑扫描数据重建图像，并展望了该技术在记录思想、梦境及研究动物感知方面的潜在应用。
15．根据第一段“you may feel frustrated that you cannot recall the dreams you had last night”可知，因为想不起昨晚做的梦可能会导致你感到沮丧，此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为“You can’t remember the dreams you had last night”，指的是想不起昨晚做的梦这件事，动词用三单形式。cause/lead/get sb to do“导致某人做某事”，故填causes/leads/gets。
16．根据第二段“recreate images directly from people’s brain scans”可知，AI生成的图像以脑扫描为基础。based on意为“基于……”，故填based。
17．根据第三段“consisted of brain scans from four participants”可知，数据集由扫描数据“构成”。consisted of同义替换为made up of。故填made。
18．根据第四段“AI learned about the participants’ brain activities by analyzing changes…”可知，AI通过分析获得“信息”。information“信息”，不可数名词，故填information。
19．根据第四段“It then matched the brain activities with the photos. Through this method, AI learned how human brains would react when seeing different photos.”可知，将脑活动与参与者看过的照片匹配，viewed/saw意为“看见”，动词过去式，符合句意。故填viewed/saw。
20．根据第五段“Then, it would turn on the previous “text-to-image” model and improve the quality of the image by feeding itself the keyword “airplane”可知，通过输入关键词优化图像，原文为“by feeding itself the keyword”，此处填动词过去式fed。故填fed。
21．根据最后一段“In the future, scientists hope that the technology can be used to record imagined thoughts and dreams or allow people to understand how differently other animals perceive (感知) reality.”可知，未来，科学家们希望这项技术可以用来记录想象中的想法和梦境，或者让人们了解其他动物对现实的不同感知。这是未来的“期望”，根据此处“It...is that...”可知，空缺处可填表示希望的过去分词或形容词。故填hoped/expected/hopeful。
22．根据最后一段“understand how differently other animals perceive reality”可知，了解其他动物对现实的感知有何不同。be different from“和……不同”，故填from。
23．(开放式观点题，结合文章，言之有理即可) 支持理由： Because it can help people remember forgotten dreams. (因为它可以帮助人们记住被遗忘的梦。)，故填Yes, it’s useful. Because it can help people remember forgotten dreams.
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Imagine watching a movie in a foreign language or attending a lecture where the speaker talks fast, the subtitles (字幕) appear directly on your glasses. Isn’t that amazing
Recently, an ordinary yet “magical” pair of glasses—the AR Smart Glasses have hit the market, which have many advantages over regular translation tools by offering hands-free, screen-free, real-time interactive translation.
The AR Smart Glasses are lightweight and comfortable to wear. They look just like regular glasses, but the “magic” hidden within them can’t be ignored (忽视).
The coolest feature of the AR Smart Glasses is their special translator. The glasses are of great help when people are in foreign countries. When they talk with someone there, they can just point the glasses’ camera at the person they’re talking to, and the translation appears on the screen. When people visit a new city wearing AR Smart Glasses, they can simply look at any text, and a translation quickly appears in their view. If they get lost and need directions, the glasses can connect with GPS apps and show them translated directions right in front of their eyes. Even for language learners, it would be wonderful to practise a new language by seeing the words they hear being translated simultaneously (同步地). Learning a language can become quicker, easier, and more certain.
Since translation tools like the AR Smart Glasses help people understand words easily, some people start to question whether it’s still necessary to learn English, or any other foreign languages. In fact, knowing a new language is more than just that. When you speak a language fluently, you have a better understanding of the way people talk, the jokes they make, and the special meanings behind their words. This helps you connect with people better and make real friends. Also, being able to speak more than one language makes you smarter. It helps you think in new ways and solve problems more easily. In a word, learning a language isn’t just about understanding words. More importantly, it’s about real connections with native speakers and a different point of view to see the world.
Of course, AR Smart Glasses and other cool tools can help with translations, but the real joy and benefits of knowing a language come from speaking it fluently and understanding its culture.
The AR Smart Glasses
Introduction ●The AR Smart Glasses have attracted many people’s 24 recently because of its special translator. ●The AR Smart Glasses 25 people with better service .
26 ●Compared with 27 glasses, the AR Smart Glasses weigh less and are more comfortable for users to wear. ●The AR Smart Glasses help a lot when people talk to 28 , visit a new city or get lost. ●It can also be helpful for language learners to practise a new language because they can 29 the translation of what they hear at the same time.
Different opinions Questioned voice●With the help of translation tools, some people start to think that it’s 30 to learn foreign languages any more.
Writer’s opinion●Learning a language isn’t just understanding words. Speaking a language fluently makes you 31 people better. ●The AR Smart Glasses make it possible for people to be better connected with native speakers, improve their wisdom and see the world 32 .
Conclusion ● 33 tools like AR Smart Glasses can translate for you, the real value of a language comes from speaking it well and connecting with its culture.
【答案】
24．attention/eyes 25．provide 26．Features/Advantages 27．regular/ordinary 28．foreigners 29．see 30．unnecessary 31．understand 32．differently 33．Although/Though
【导语】本文介绍了AR智能眼镜的功能及其在翻译、语言学习等方面的应用，并探讨了学习外语的重要性。
24．根据“The AR Smart Glasses have attracted many people’s attention recently because of its special translator.”可知，AR智能眼镜因其特殊的翻译功能最近吸引了很多人的注意，attract one’s attention/eyes“吸引某人的注意力”。故填attention/eyes。
25．根据“The AR Smart Glasses provide people with better service.”可知，AR智能眼镜为人们提供了更好的服务，故填provide。
26．根据“The coolest feature of the AR Smart Glasses is their special translator.”可知本段讲的是AR智能眼镜的功能特点，Features“特点”/Advantages“优势”符合语境，故填Features/Advantages。
27．根据“Compared with regular glasses, the AR Smart Glasses weigh less and are more comfortable for users to wear.”可知，与普通眼镜相比，AR智能眼镜更轻，佩戴更舒适，regular/ordinary“普通的”。故填regular/ordinary。
28．根据“The AR Smart Glasses help a lot when people talk to foreigners, visit a new city or get lost.”可知，AR智能眼镜在人们与外国人交谈、游览新城市或迷路时帮助很大，故填foreigners。
29．根据“It can also be helpful for language learners to practise a new language because they can see the translation of what they hear at the same time.”可知，AR智能眼镜对语言学习者练习新语言也很有帮助，因为他们可以同时看到和听到翻译的内容，故填see。
30．根据“With the help of translation tools, some people start to think that it’s unnecessary to learn foreign languages any more.”可知，在翻译工具的帮助下，一些人开始认为学习外语不再必要，故填unnecessary。
31．根据“In a word, learning a language isn’t just about understanding words. More importantly, it’s about real connections with native speakers and a different point of view to see the world.”可知说一种语言能更好的理解人们，故填understand。
32．根据“The AR Smart Glasses make it possible for people to be better connected with native speakers, improve their wisdom and see the world differently.”可知，AR智能眼镜使人们能够更好地与母语者交流，提高智慧，并以不同的方式看待世界，故填differently。
33．根据“Although tools like AR Smart Glasses can translate for you, the real value of a language comes from speaking it well and connecting with its culture.”可知，尽管像AR智能眼镜这样的工具可以为你翻译，但语言的真正价值在于流利地使用它并与其文化建立联系，故填Although/Though。
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。（注意：每个空格只填一个单词）
Nature’s Engineers Build Dams (水坝) for Us
Seven years ago, a dam was planned in the Czech Republic. It would be built in the country’s Vltava River area. The project received more than 1.4 million dollars, but it never started because local officials couldn’t get the building permits (许可证) for it. This past January, however, people found the project had been done-by a family of eight beavers (河狸)! Beavers are the world’s second-largest rodents (啮齿动物). They can weigh up to 30kilograms. These big animals are nature’s great builders.
To make a dam, beavers first put sticks and wood into the mud (泥土) of the riverbed to form a base (底座). Then, they use materials such as rocks and mud to build the top of the base. They build the dam across the river to prevent the flow of water. This creates a large “beaver pool.” Beavers can build their homes in these pools. Because of the pools, beavers can get plenty of food and enemies can’t harm them easily.
Beaver dams also make good homes for many other animals, such as fish and frogs, which helps keep the balance of nature. What’s more, they work as natural firebreaks (防火带) and help prevent flooding.
The beavers have built at least four dams in the Vltava River area. Some of these dams are very big. The biggest one on record lies in Canada. The 850-meter-long dam is so large that we can see it from space! “They picked perfect places to build their dams,” said Jaroslav Obermajer, a local official. “Beavers’ designs are always better than what humans design on paper!” Nature knows best, doesn’t it
34 about beavers→ They are the world’s second-largest rodents. → They are up to 30 kilograms in 35 . →They are nature’s great builders.
What beavers build in the Vltava River area→ This past January, a family of eight beavers built a dam in the Vltava River area, while the local officials in the Czech Republic couldn’t make it done because of having 36 building permits. → So far, the beavers have built at least four dams in the Vltava River area. The largest one can be 37 from space. The beavers picked perfect places to build their dams and their designs are better than 38 .
★ 39 beavers build their homes ① They put sticks and wood into the mud of the riverbed to form the base of a dam. ②They use 40 like rocks and mud to build the top of the base. ③They build the dam across the river. This creates a large “beaver pool”. ④ They build homes in the pools, which offer them food and 41 them from enemies. ★Why beavers’ workis 42 to the environment→ Beaver pools make good homes for many other animals, like frogs and fish. → Beaver dams can help stop 43 from spreading. → Beaver dams help prevent flooding.
【答案】
34．Facts 35．weight 36．no 37．seen 38．humans’ 39．How 40．materials 41．protect 42．beneficial 43．fires
【导语】本文主要讲述了河狸作为自然界中的“工程师”，如何通过建造水坝来改变环境，并为其它动物提供栖息地。
34．根据“Beavers are the world’s second-largest rodents (啮齿动物). They can weigh up to 30kilograms. These big animals are nature’s great builders.”可知，此处是关于河狸的基本事实，fact“事实”，用复数形式表泛指，小标题句首字母大写。故填Facts。
35．根据“They can weigh up to 30kilograms.”可知，河狸的体重可达30公斤，weight“体重”。故填weight。
36．根据“The project received more than 1.4 million dollars, but it never started because local officials couldn’t get the building permits (许可证) for it.”可知，由于当地官员无法获得建筑许可证，该项目从未开始，no“没有”。故填no。
37．根据“The 850-meter-long dam is so large that we can see it from space!”可知，这座850米长的大坝太大了，我们可以从太空看到它，see“看见”，此处为被动语态，用see的过去分词seen。故填seen。
38．根据“Beavers’ designs are always better than what humans design on paper!”可知，河狸的设计比人类的设计更好，用所有格形式humans’“人类的”。故填humans’。
39．根据“They put sticks and wood into the mud of the riverbed to form the base of a dam.”可知，说的是河狸如何建造家园，how“如何”，句首字母大写。故填How。
40．根据“they use materials such as rocks and mud to build the top of the base.”可知，河狸使用岩石和泥土等材料建造水坝的顶部，materials“材料”，复数形式表泛指。故填materials。
41．根据“Because of the pools, beavers can get plenty of food and enemies can’t harm them easily.”可知，河狸在池塘中建造家园，池塘为它们提供食物并保护它们免受敌人的侵害，protect“保护”。故填protect。
42．根据“Beaver dams also make good homes for many other animals, such as fish and frogs, which helps keep the balance of nature. What’s more, they work as natural firebreaks (防火带) and help prevent flooding.”可知，说的是河狸的工作对环境有益，beneficial“有益的”，形容词作表语。故填beneficial。
43．根据“they work as natural firebreaks (防火带)”可知，河狸的水坝可以作为天然的防火带，阻止火灾蔓延，fires“火灾”。故填fires。
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Have you ever noticed this Whether in stores or parks, the women’s restroom always seems very busy. Not only are they crowded inside, but long lines often stretch outside as well. Meanwhile, going to the men’s restroom appears much more smooth. People come and go quickly, and you hardly see long lines waiting outside.
The reasons are varied. First, men’s and women’s needs in restrooms are not the same. A study from the World Toilet Organization shows that, due to physical differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men. Women also often use public restrooms to fix their appearance or take care of children.
To accommodate these additional needs, women’s restrooms are often designed with less space per user than men’s. This makes the traditional 1:1 ratio between men’s and women’s restroom space unfair. Liang Ji, an expert from the China Association of Urban Environmental Sanitation, suggests that a 1:2 ratio would be more effective.
In recent years, public awareness of this problem has grown. To address it, we should start by raising public understanding. When using public spaces, everyone should consider others’ needs while meeting their own.
In addition, more cities should be encouraged to support female-friendly restrooms. Reports show that some public restrooms in Shenzhen, Guangdong, have already adopted a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces.
In Changsha, Hunan, two extra women-only restrooms have been added to a railway station’s public restroom areas. During a trip to Jilin province, I also noticed a public restroom that included a well-designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones, making the waiting time more comfortable.
These well-planned public services have received a lot of praise. But more importantly, when women feel more comfortable and valued, our cities will become more welcoming and peaceful places to live.
Problem 44 to men’s restroom, women’s restroom is always crowded and has long lines whether in stores or parks.
Varied 45 of the situation ·Because men and women are physically 46 , women tend to spend more time in the restroom.
·In some cases, women use the restroom for the 47 of taking care of children or fixing their appearance.
How to solve the problem ·Help the public 48 the situation.
·Take both others’ needs and their own into consideration
·Adopt a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and help visitors check available spaces by 49 smart screens.
·Set up extra women-only restrooms.
·Include a well-designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones, making the waiting time more comfortable.
People’s opinions People think 50 of these well-planned public services. It’s important to make our cities welcoming and peaceful places to live.
According to the article, how many provinces have the awareness to solve the problem 51
What do you think is the best way to solve the problem 52
【答案】44．Compared 45．causes 46．different 47．purpose 48．understand 49．using 50．highly 51．3/Three 52．Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces.
【导语】本文主要探讨了公共场所女性卫生间排队现象的原因及解决方案，并强调通过合理规划和人性化设计提升城市公共服务的包容性。
44．根据“Whether in stores or parks, the women’s restroom always seems very busy… Meanwhile, going to the men’s restroom appears much more smooth.”可知，和男卫生间相比，女卫生间一直很拥挤，compare“比较”，“女卫生间”和“比较”之间为被动关系，空格处应填非谓语动词compared，作状语，首字母大写。故填Compared。
45．根据“The reasons are varied.”可知，原因是多种多样的，reason“原因”，后接for sth.表示“……的原因”，但是表格中空格后是of，因此此处用cause“起因”的复数。故填causes。
46．根据“due to physical differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men.”可知，由于身体上的不同，女性在卫生间的时长比较长，different“不同的”，形容词在空格处作表语。故填different。
47．根据“Women also often use public restrooms to fix their appearance or take care of children.”可知，女性通常在公共卫生间整理外貌或者照顾小孩，这里讲的是女性使用公共卫生间的目的，purpose“目的”。故填purpose。
48．根据“To address it, we should start by raising public understanding.”可知，我们应该帮助公众理解这种情况，understand“理解”，help sb do sth“帮助某人做某事”，空格处用动词原形。故填understand。
49．根据“have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces”可知，可以通过使用智能屏幕，帮助游客查看可用空间，use“使用”，空格前为介词by，use用V-ing形式using。故填using。
50．根据“These well-planned public services have received a lot of praise.”可知，人们高度赞扬了这些公共服务，think highly of“高度赞扬”。故填highly。
51．根据“Guangdong, Hunan, Jilin”可知，一共有3个省具有解决这个问题的意识。故填3/Three。
52．开放性试题，答案合理即可。参考答案为Adopting a 1:2 ratio for restroom spaces.
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）Time capsules (胶囊) are small collections of goods or information that are stored somewhere safe. They can be opened by people many years later, giving future people an idea of life in the past. They may include newspaper articles, popular music recordings and photos. Historians can use time capsules to learn more about societies that lived in the past.
There are some famous time capsules in history. The first example is the Detroit Century Box. It is one of the earliest time capsules. On Dec 31, 1900, the city Detroit chose several photos and letters to be kept in a box. The box was locked then and opened one hundred years later. The things in the capsule give us a look at Detroit in the past. There were photos of people and places, as well as letters written by local people. Some of them even gave predictions (预测) for the future. One person thought that Detroit would have a population of 4 million by 2000. It turned out that the city’s population was about 951, 000 that year, according to .
Humans have even sent time capsules into space! The US sent two time capsules into space on the Voyager (旅行者号) spacecraft in 1977. They’re called the Voyager Golden Records. They have sounds and pictures that show different kinds of human life and culture. For example, they have music by the classical composer Beethoven and pictures of plants, insects and landscapes. The Voyager spacecraft has traveled far away from our solar system. It is hoped that aliens might find the time capsules someday and learn about us.
Time capsules
Introductions Time capsules are small collections of goods or information that are stored in safe 53 . Future people can open time capsules many years later, 54 about life in the past.
55 The Detroit Century Box On Dec 31, 1900, several photos and letters were 56 to be kept in it. It was locked then and opened one 57 later. One person predicted that the population of Detroit would 58 4 million by 2000. But in 59 , Detroit only had a population of 951,000 that year.
The Voyager Golden Records They included 60 time capsules in all. They were sent into space on the Voyager spacecraft in 1977. 61 sounds and pictures, they show different kinds of human life and culture. They have traveled far away from the solar system. We 62 that aliens can find them and learn about us.
【答案】
53．places/locations 54．knowing/learning 55．Examples 56．chosen 57．century 58．reach/be 59．fact 60．two/2 61．With/Through/Having 62．hope/expect
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了时间胶囊是存储在安全地方的物品或信息集合，未来人们可开启了解过去，还列举了底特律世纪盒子和旅行者黄金唱片两个著名时间胶囊的例子，包括其存放时间、内容、相关预测及现状等 。
53．根据“Time capsules are small collections of goods or information that are stored somewhere safe.”可知，时间胶囊是存储在安全地方的少量物品或信息的集合。故填places/ locations。
54．根据“They can be opened by people many years later, giving future people an idea of life in the past.”可知，未来的人可以在许多年后打开时间胶囊，了解过去的生活。故填knowing/ learning。
55．根据“There are some famous time capsules in history. The first example is the Detroit Century Box.”可知，这里是在举例说明著名的时间胶囊。故填Examples。
56．根据“On Dec 31, 1900, the city Detroit chose several photos and letters to be kept in a box.”可知，在1900年12月31日，底特律市选择了几张照片和信件保存在一个盒子里。这里是被动语态，故填chosen。
57．根据“The box was locked then and opened one hundred years later.”可知，这个盒子当时被锁上了，一百年后被打开了。“一百年”也就是“一个世纪”，故填century。
58．根据“One person thought that Detroit would have a population of 4 million by 2000.”可知，一个人认为到2000年底特律的人口将达到400万。“达到”可以用reach或be表示，故填reach/ be。
59．根据“It turned out that the city’s population was about 951, 000 that year, according to .”可知，事实上，那年底特律的人口只有大约951,000人。“事实上”可以用in fact表示，故填fact。
60．根据“The US sent two time capsules into space on the Voyager spacecraft in 1977. They’re called the Voyager Golden Records.”可知，旅行者黄金唱片总共有两个时间胶囊。故填two/2。
61．根据“They have sounds and pictures that show different kinds of human life and culture.”可知，通过声音和图片，它们展示了不同种类的人类生活和文化。“通过”可以用With/ Through/ Having表示，故填With/ Through/ Having。
62．根据“It is hoped that aliens might find the time capsules someday and learn about us.”可知，我们希望外星人有一天能找到这些时间胶囊并了解我们。故填hope/ expect。
（2025·江苏南京·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后空格里填入最恰当的内容。
注意：前8题每个空格只填1个单词；后两个题词数不限。
Long ago, a raja lived in India. His people were rice farmers. The raja said to them, “Give me most of your rice, and I will store it. When the time of famine comes, everyone will have rice to eat.” So each year, the raja took most of the people’s rice and stored it.
For many years, the rice grew well. Then one year the rice did not grow, and there was a famine.
“Give us rice!” the people begged.
“No!” cried the raja. “The famine may last a long time. I must have the rice for myself. A raja must not go hungry!”
One day, an elephant was carrying two big baskets of rice to the raja.
A village girl named Rani noticed something. A little rice was falling from one of the baskets. She walked behind the elephant and caught the falling rice in her skirt.
Rani took all the rice to the raja.
“This rice fell from one of the elephant’s baskets, and I’m returning it to you,” she said.
“I wish to give you a reward for returning my rice,” the raja said. “Ask me for anything.”
“Oh, Raja,” said Rani. “I do not need any reward. But if you wish, you may give me one grain of rice.”
“One grain of rice ” cried the raja. “That’s not enough!”
“Very well,” said Rani. “Today, you can give me a single grain of rice. Then tomorrow you can double it and give me two grains of rice. The next day, four grains of rice and so on for thirty days.”
“That’s not much of a reward,” said the raja. “But you shall have it.”
And the raja gave Rani a single grain of rice. The next day, Rani got two grains of rice.
On the 9th day, Rani got 256 grains of rice.
“This girl is not very clever,” thought the raja. “There was more rice in her skirt. Why didn’t she keep it ”
On the 16th day, Rani received 32,768 grains of rice. On the 27th day, the raja delivered 64 baskets of rice to Rani.
“One grain of rice is turning into a lot,” the raja thought. “But I shall give her the reward, as a raja should.”
On the final day, 256 elephants carried the last of the rice to Rani—536870,912 grains.
“What will you do with this rice ” asked the raja. “I have no more.”
“I will give it to all the hungry people,” said Rani. “And I will leave you a basket. From now on, you’ll only take as much rice as you need. Promise ”
“I promise,” said the raja. And from then on, the raja was truly good, as a raja should be.
Characters: The raja, rice farmers and Rani
Setting: In 63
Plot: ◆Opening The raja collected most of his people’s rice each year and 64 to store it for times of famine. The people, who are rice farmers, 65 the raja and gave him their rice. ◆Build-up One year, the rice failed to grow, but the raja 66 to share the stored rice, claiming he needed it for himself. ◆Climax Rani collected fallen rice from an elephant’s basket and returned it to the raja. Impressed by Rani’s honesty, the raja offered her a 67 . Rani asked for one grain of rice on the first day, doubling each day for 68 days. ◆Resolution On the final day, elephants brought the last of the rice to Rani. The raja had no rice left. He realized his 69 and the power of Rani’s clever request. ◆ 70 Rani shared the rice with all the hungry people and the raja. The raja agreed that he would only take what he needed in the future.
Follow-up: What will the raja do if there is another famine 71 Find one sentence from the story to support your idea. 72
【答案】
63．India 64．promised 65．trusted 66．refused 67．reward 68．30/thirty 69．mistake 70．Ending 71．He will give most of his food to all the hungry people./ He will share his rice with the hungry people. 72．And from then on, the raja was truly good, as a raja should be.
【导语】本文叙述了印度一位王公在饥荒时拒绝与人民分享储存的稻米，但通过一个聪明女孩Rani的请求，最终意识到自己的错误，并承诺以后只取所需。
63．根据“Long ago, a raja lived in India.”可知，故事发生在印度。故填India。
64．根据“Give me most of your rice, and I will store it. When the time of famine comes, everyone will have rice to eat.”可知，王公收集农民们的稻米，答应当饥荒来临时，每个人都会有饭吃，promise“许诺”符合句意，根据前半句时态为一般过去时，因此promise用过去式promised。故填promised。
65．根据“So each year, the raja took most of the people’s rice and stored it.”可知，农民们相信了王公的话，将稻米交给他。空处填动词trust“信任”的过去式trusted。故填trusted。
66．根据“‘No!’ cried the raja. ‘The famine may last a long time. I must have the rice for myself.’”可知，当饥荒来临时，王公拒绝分享储存的稻米，refuse to do sth“拒绝做某事”，时态用一般过去时。故填refused。
67．根据“‘I wish to give you a reward for returning my rice,’ the raja said”可知，王公因为Rani的诚实而奖励她。reward“奖励”，可数名词，空前是不定冠词 a，空处填名词单数。故填reward。
68．根据“The next day, four grains of rice and so on for thirty days”可知，Rani要求每天稻米数量翻倍，持续30天。故填30/thirty。
69．根据“On the final day, 256 elephants carried the last of the rice to Rani—536870,912 grains.”可知，此处指王公意识到自己的错误和Rani的聪明请求，空处填名词mistake“错误”，空前有his，用名词单数。故填mistake。
70．根据“Rani shared the rice with all the hungry people and the raja. The raja agreed that he would only take what he needed in the future.”可知，Rani将稻米分给饥饿的人们，王公承诺以后只取所需，这是故事结尾内容，因此标题是ending“结尾”，首字母大写。故填Ending。
71．根据“From now on, you’ll only take as much rice as you need. Promise ‘I promise,’ said the raja. ”可知，王公答应以后只取所需，因此如果再次发生饥荒，他会与人们分享稻米。故填He will give most of his food to all the hungry people./ He will share his rice with the hungry people.
72．根据“‘I promise,’ said the raja. And from then on, the raja was truly good, as a raja should be. And from then on, the raja was truly good, as a raja should be.”可知，这句话说明了王公确实做到了与人们分享稻米。故填And from then on, the raja was truly good, as a raja should be.
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：1—8题每个空格只填1个单词；9—10不限词数。
How to avoid loneliness
Loneliness, a natural feeling, is not something most people want to experience. When you feel lonely as a result of missing a loved one or a place, or preparing for a time spent away from your friends and family, here are some ways for you to avoid it.
Focus on your health
Studies have shown that poor sleep, lack of physical activity and unhealthy food can let you feel tired and sad. Then you will feel lonely. Try to get eight hours of sleep every night, try to take part in at least 30 minutes of physical activity, and don’t eat junk food. Eating more fruits and vegetables will also help.
Bring an old hobby back to life
It’s much more difficult to feel lonely if you’ re actively enjoying an activity, especially one that you are good at. If you’ve got a hobby that you love, try to spare time for your hobby even if you are busy, such as reading, playing a sport, cooking, painting...
Avoid staying at home all day long
Spending your time in nature will probably improve your feelings and help you get over loneliness. Sunshine makes you feel happier and less focused on your loneliness. You can go hiking, go boating or go on a bike ride. You may go for a coffee with your friends or even make big plans so that you have events to look forward to. First, you can make possible activities you might want to take part in, then, spend a few days planning out the event, so that you are fully prepared and stress-free. If possible, include other people in your plan to make your activity more interesting.
To avoid loneliness, you need to face your own loneliness first. Do your best to follow the things above. It takes efforts, but it is worth your try.
Most people don’t want to experience loneliness. When you feel lonely 73 of some unpleasant things, you can do something to make yourself feel better.
How to avoid loneliness Focus on your health Poor sleep, lack of physical activities and unhealthy food can make youtired and sad, 74 to loneliness. Therefore, you are 75 to get enough sleep, take part in physical activities and eat more fruits and vegetables if you want to avoid loneliness.
Bring an old If you take an 76 part in enjoying activities, you will feel less lonely.
hobby 77 So try to 78 more time on your hobby even if you are busy.
Avoid staying at home all day long Getting 79 to nature helps improve your feelings. Making big plans with your friends and planning out the event can 80 you away from stress.
64. What is the first step to avoid loneliness 81
65. What will you usually do when you feel lonely Share your own experience. 82 .
【答案】
73．because 74．leading 75．supposed 76．active 77．back 78．spend 79．close 80．keep 81．Face your own loneliness first. 82．I usually call my friends or listen to music to cheer myself up.
【导语】本文主要介绍了避免孤独的几种方法，包括关注健康、重拾旧爱好以及避免整天待在家里等。
73．根据“When you feel lonely as a result of missing a loved one or a place, or preparing for a time spent away from your friends and family, here are some ways for you to avoid it.”可知，当你因为一些不愉快的事情而感到孤独时，你可以做一些让自己感觉更好的事情；because of“因为，由于”。故填because。
74．根据“Studies have shown that poor sleep, lack of physical activity and unhealthy food can let you feel tired and sad.”可知，睡眠不足、缺乏体育活动和不健康的食物会让你感到疲倦和悲伤，导致孤独。lead to“导致”，此处用其现在分词形式作结果状语。故填leading。
75．根据“Try to get eight hours of sleep every night, try to take part in at least 30 minutes of physical activity, and don’t eat junk food. Eating more fruits and vegetables will also help.”可知，如果想避免孤独，应该有足够的睡眠、参加体育活动、多吃水果和蔬菜；be supposed to do sth“应该做某事”。故填supposed。
76．根据“It’s much more difficult to feel lonely if you’ re actively enjoying an activity, especially one that you are good at.”可知，如果你积极参加享受活动，你会感到不那么孤独；take an active part in“积极参加”。故填active。
77．根据“Bring an old hobby back to life”可知，为了不感觉孤独，可以重拾旧日的爱好。故填back。
78．根据“try to spare time for your hobby even if you are busy”可知，所以即使你很忙，也要花更多的时间在你的爱好上；spend time on sth“在某事上花费时间”。故填spend。
79．根据“Spending your time in nature will probably improve your feelings and help you get over loneliness.”可知，亲近自然有助于改善你的情绪；get close to“亲近”。故填close。
80．根据“then, spend a few days planning out the event, so that you are fully prepared and stress-free.”可知，和朋友一起制定大计划，计划好活动可以让你远离压力；keep sb away from“让某人远离……”。故填keep。
81．根据“To avoid loneliness, you need to face your own loneliness first.”可知，要避免孤独，首先要面对自己的孤独。故填Face your own loneliness first.
82．此题答案不唯一，言之有理即可。故填I usually call my friends or listen to music to cheer myself up.
（2025·江苏南京·一模）We often hear a parent shout, “Tidy your room!”. It’s thought that an unmade bed and messy (杂乱) floor can make other family members stressed.
A study found that mess and managing it are “central and important to happiness” while a messy living space make people more stressed, especially in women. On the other hand, some untidiness may be the sign of creativity. So what do you think, is it OK to have a messy bedroom Recently, this topic has caused hot discussion online.
Yes—it’s not a big deal
It is important for children to have their own space where they can be themselves. By allowing children to keep their room as they want, parents are helping children prepare for later life. Also, clearing up your room is a waste of time and there are more important things to focus on, like work and hobbies. Anyway, there is a great chance of getting the room messy again.
No—messiness leads to bad feelings
Research shows that in a messy room, you may feel worried and can’t focus on tasks like homework. A tidy room can improve clear thinking and calmness. It also means you have more space for activities and won’t lose things. What’s more, mess might be dangerous—you can fall down or knock something onto the floor and break it.
In my opinion, we can live according to our own willingness if we live alone. However, keeping our space clean and tidy is an important life skill. It is unfair (不公正的) to other family members if our room is messy as it is part of their home too, and we should respect that.
A 83 on whether to leave your bedroom messy
The background ·It’s common to hear parents ask their children to tidy their rooms. ·An untidy environment can be stressful for the 84 of the family.
Different discoveries of a study ·Mess and managing the room 85 a lot to happiness. ·A messy living space can cause stress levels to 86 . ·However, messiness can be a sign of a creative mind.
Different voices Voice for it:·If children are 87 to keep the room as they want, it can help them prepare for their later life. ·Clearing up a room costs a lot of time and then it may get messy again.
Voice against it:An untidy room can cause worries and 88 children from focusing on tasks like homework. ·A tidy room can make us think more 89 and keep calmer. ·A tidy room can provide more space and avoid some possible 90 like falling down or breaking things.
The writer’s 91 ·Being tidy is an important life skill. ·We should respect other family members’ habits 92 we live alone.
【答案】
83．discussion 84．rest 85．matter 86．rise 87．allowed 88．stop/keep/prevent 89．clearly 90．danger/dangers 91．opinions 92．unless
【导语】本文主要讨论了“卧室杂乱是否可以接受”这一主题，分析了不同观点以及杂乱可能带来的影响。
83．根据“So what do you think, is it OK to have a messy bedroom Recently, this topic has caused hot discussion online.”可知，这一篇“讨论是否让你的卧室乱糟糟的”文章，A后接单数名词discussion“讨论”，故填discussion。
84．根据“It’s thought that an unmade bed and messy (杂乱) floor can make other family members stressed.”可知，这对其他家庭成员造成压力。rest“其余的”。故填rest。
85．根据“A study found that mess and managing it are ‘central and important to happiness’”可知，房间的整洁在幸福中很重要，matter“要紧，有重大影响”，主语是复数，谓语动词用原形。故填matter。
86．根据“while a messy living space make people more stressed, especially in women”可知，混乱的生活环境会使压力水平上升。rise“上升”，故填rise。
87．根据“ By allowing children to keep their room as they want, parents are helping children prepare for later life.”可知，允许孩子按自己意愿整理房间，可以帮助他们为以后的生活做准备。be allowed to do“被允许做某事”，故填allowed。
88．根据“Research shows that in a messy room, you may feel worried and can’t focus on tasks like homework.”可知，不整洁的房间会使人分心，阻止他们专注于任务，stop/keep/prevent sb from doing sth“阻止某人做某事”，can后接动词原形，故填stop/keep/prevent。
89．根据“A tidy room can improve clear thinking and calmness.”可知，整洁的房间能让人更清晰地思考，修饰动词think用副词clearly“清晰地”。故填clearly。
90．根据“What’s more, mess might be dangerous—you can fall down or knock something onto the floor and break it.”可知，混乱可能导致一些危险，danger“危险”，不可数名词，也可以理解为“危险的情况”，所以用复数形式，故填danger(s)。
91．右栏中发表的是作者的一些观点，opinion“观点”，不止一个观点，此空应填复数形式，故填opinions。
92．根据“In my opinion, we can live according to our own willingness if we live alone ... It is unfair (不公正的) to other family members if our room is messy as it is part of their home too, and we should respect that.”可知，如果我们不是独居，就需要尊重其他家庭成员，unless“除非，如果不”，故填unless。
（2025·江苏镇江·一模）根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词，每空一词。
January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can work out math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models such as Open AI’s GPT 4.0, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $5.58 million (1/70 of Open AI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money.
DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice maths. Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79.8% right, slightly higher than Open AI’s model. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies.
DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, more than 19, 000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost $10 instead of $300 with other AIs. Even Meta (a famous U.S. tech company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.”
U.S. tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend $65 billion more on AI research. Experts say China is catching up fast. A report in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step forward”, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools.
As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use. With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money.”
Chinese AI Model DeepSeek-R1 93 the World
94 January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. On its first day online, 95 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it.
96 It can 97 math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models. Above all, the 98 is far less than Open AI. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, 99 schools and small companies. Nature magazine 100 it as a “big step forward”.
Conclusion Good ideas can 101 big money. China shows the world that new ideas and hard work 102 great things.
【答案】
93．changes 94．Release 95．over 96．Abilities 97．solve 98．cost 99．helping 100．called 101．beat 102．bring
【导语】本文介绍了中国DeepSeek公司研发的新型AI程序DeepSeek-R1。
93．根据“This kind of free AI could change the world.”可知，DeepSeek-R1这种免费的人工智能可以改变世界，change“改变”符合，主语是单数，谓语动词用三单。故填changes。
94．根据“January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1.”可知，此处介绍的是DeepSeek-R1的发布时间，release“发布”符合。故填Release。
95．根据“On its first day online, more than 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it.”可知，在它上线的第一天，全球超过19,000名程序员开始了研究它的项目，more than相当于over“超过”。故填over。
96．根据“It can ... math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models.”可知，此处介绍DeepSeek-R1能做些什么事情，abilities“能力”符合。故填Abilities。
97．根据“This smart program can work out math problems, write code, and answer questions”可知，这个智能程序可以解决数学问题，编写代码，并回答问题，work out=solve“解决”，can后跟动词原形。故填solve。
98．根据“A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost $10 instead of $300 with other AIs.”可知，一位德国科学家表示，R1的实验成本为10美元，而不是其他人工智能的300美元，因为它的花费比别的AI低，cost“花费”，名词作主语，符合语境。故填cost。
99．根据“A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies.”可知，一个简单版本的R1甚至可以在低成本的电脑上运行，帮助学校和小公司。故填helping。
100．根据“A report in Nature magazine called R1 a ‘big step forward’, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools.”可知，《自然》杂志的一篇报道称R1是“向前迈出的一大步”，证明聪明的想法胜过昂贵的工具。故填called。
101．根据“This shows that good ideas can beat big money.”可知，好的想法可以打败大笔资金，beat“打败”符合，can后跟动词原形。故填beat。
102．根据“With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money.”可知，通过R1，中国向世界表明，伟大的事物来自新想法和努力工作，而不仅仅是金钱。也就是说新想法和努力工作可以带来伟大的事物。bring“带来”符合，时态为一般现在时，主语是复数，动词用原形。故填bring。
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Project-based learning, or PBL, is a teaching method in which students work on a project with the goal of answering a real-world question or solving a practical problem. PBL requires students to use skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, and collaboration. Moreover, students are proud of their work because they will need to present their ideas to an audience (观众). PBL leads to the creation of a product. An important part of PBL is audience feedback and comments (评论).
PBL can fit into any subject area in social studies, for example, students can research the history and culture of their community, exploring a festival for the community, which includes traditional costumes, food, art and music.
In maths, students can make a quilt (被子) with symbols of their community’s heritage. This project joins knowledge of geometry, art, and history together. It would require maths skills to measure the material used to make the quilt. The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting. In language arts, students could team up with a school from a different culture. First of all, they could exchange information through a class website. Then they could pack items that represent their school or culture. Students would give a description of each item and why it is relevant. Finally, the students could exchange the packages through the mainland ask follow-up questions about the items they received.
In science, students could research plants, and they could use their findings to build a habitat (栖息地) in the school garden. This may include removing weeds, adding plants to attract butterflies, and building bird feeders.
An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process. One of the goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems. All schools and educators should accept PBL!
Project—based Learning
Introduction PBL requires students to work on a 103 by solving a practical problem. The audience feedback and comments make a 104 to it.
105 of practical use in some subjects Students can research the history and culture of their community through a traditional 106 for it.
Maths skills and knowledge of some 107 subjects can be joined together by making a quilt and displaying it in 108 can bring more advantages.
To improve language skills, students from different cultures can pack and 109 items, and then exchange them for further communication.
Building a habitat can help students put their findings from the research into practice.
Conclusion In PBL, how is failure understood 110 What’s the purpose of PBL according to the last paragraph 111 Do you think our school should accept PBL Why or why not 112
【答案】
103．project 104．contribution 105．Examples 106．festival 107．other 108．public 109．describe 110．Failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process. 111．To make efforts productively and work through problems. 112．Yes, because PBL encourages critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, and collaboration, and it helps students learn from failure.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了项目式学习（PBL）的定义、应用及其重要性。
103．根据文章第一段“Project-based learning, or PBL, is a teaching method in which students work on a project with the goal of answering a real-world question or solving a practical problem.”可知，PBL要求学生通过解决实际问题来完成一个项目。故填project。
104．根据文章第一段“An important part of PBL is audience feedback and comments.”可知，观众的反馈和评论对PBL项目有重要贡献。故填contribution。
105．根据文章第二段和第三段的内容可知，PBL在多个学科中都有实际应用，如社会研究、数学、语言艺术和科学，此处在举例子。故填Examples。
106．根据文章第二段“for example, students can research the history and culture of their community, exploring a festival for the community”可知，学生可以通过研究社区的传统节日来了解社区的历史和文化。故填festival。
107．根据文章第三段“This project joins knowledge of geometry, art, and history together.”可知，制作被子项目结合了几何、艺术和历史等学科的知识。故填other。
108．根据文章第三段“The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting.”可知，被子可以在公共场合展示。故填public。
109．根据文章第三段“Students would give a description of each item and why it is relevant.”可知，学生需要描述每个物品及其意义。故填describe。
110．根据文章最后一段“An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process.”可知，失败被视为学习过程中的基本部分。故填Failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process.
111．根据文章最后一段“One of the goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems.”可知，PBL的目的是让学生有效地努力并解决问题。故填To make efforts productively and work through problems.
112．根据文章最后一段“All schools and educators should accept PBL!”可推知，学校应该接受PBL，因为它鼓励批判性思维、问题解决、创造力和协作，并帮助学生从失败中学习。故填Yes, because PBL encourages critical thinking, problem-solving, creativity, and collaboration, and it helps students learn from failure.
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Listen! What can you hear Birds outside A car going by Maybe your favorite music Thanks to your ears, you can hear it clearly.
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that there are 360 million people in the world with hearing loss problems. At least half of all cases of hearing loss are avoidable if you take care of your ears.
Protecting yourself from loud noise is a key part of ear care. Nowadays, it is common for people to listen to music with headphones on while traveling to school or work. Remember to choose over-the-ear headphones. This type can keep background noise out and allow you to have the volume lower. In-the-ear headphones are less effective at keeping background noise out. Also, experts suggest a 60:60 rule: listen to your music at 60 percent of the maximum volume (最大音量) for no more than 60 minutes a day. Want to know if your earphones are at a safe volume Ask people sitting near you if they can hear your music. If they can, it’s a sign that your hearing is being damaged (损伤). Turn the volume down until other people can no longer hear it.
Do you clean your ears with cotton buds or fingernails Think again. These things can push earwax (耳垢) deeper into your ear, and hurt your ear canal (耳道). The ear is a self-cleaning organ (器官) and does not require active cleaning, according to the WHO. If the earwax makes you uncomfortable, you can ask a doctor to deal with it.
Take care of your ears when you are swimming. You can use earplugs (耳塞) to stop water getting into your ears. Dry your ears with a towel after swimming or having a bath. If you feel there is water inside your ear, shake your head a little bit to help get the water out.
Hearing 113
Problem Millions of people are facing the problems of 114 hearing.
Reason Most of the cases 115 because they don’t take care of their ears.
Ways to protect your hearing Protect yourself from loud noise ●Using over-the-ear headphones is a good 116 for you to keep background noise out. ●You should enjoy your music at a safe volume for at 117 an hour a day.
118 clean your ears with cotton buds or fingernails ●The ear is a self-cleaning organ and does not require to be cleaned. ●You can ask a doctor to solve the earwax 119 it makes you comfortable.
Take care of your ears while swimming ●You can stop water 120 your ears with earplugs. ● 121 your ears dry with a towel after swimming or taking a bath really helps. ●Shake your head a little bit to help get the water out if 122 .
【答案】
113．Protection 114．losing 115．happen 116．choice 117．most 118．Don’t 119．if 120．entering 121．Keep 122．necessary
【导语】本文主要讲了保护耳朵听力的几种措施和方法。
113．文章主要围绕如何保护听力展开，Hearing Protection“听力保护”能概括文章主旨，故填Protection。
114．根据“The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that there are 360 million people in the world with hearing loss problems.”可知，很多人面临失去听力的问题，of是介词，后接动名词losing，故填losing。
115．根据“At least half of all cases of hearing loss are avoidable if you take care of your ears.”可知，大多数听力损失的情况发生是因为没有照顾好耳朵，这里用happen表示“发生”，主语是复数，时态是一般现在时，动词用原形，故填happen。
116．根据“Remember to choose over-the-ear headphones. This type can keep background noise out and allow you to have the volume lower.”可知，使用头戴式耳机是一个很好的选择来隔绝背景噪音，a good choice“一个好的选择”，故填choice。
117．根据“Also, experts suggest a 60:60 rule: 中考复习 阅读填表16篇（江苏专用）
（2025·江苏南京·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词，并将答案填写在答题卡的相应位置上。
注意：前8个题每个空格只填一个单词，第9题不超过十个单词。
Chinese architect Liu Jiakun, 68, was awarded the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize on March 4. becoming the second winner from China to receive the highest honor in the field of architecture. Based in Chengdu, Liu’s career covers four decades and more than 30 projects. He founded Jiakun Architects in 1999 and has built a diverse body of work, ranging from small, beautifully designed museums and monuments (纪念碑) to large commercial buildings and master plans for cities.
The Pritzker Architecture Prize
Rather than following a distinct style, Liu’s projects include local elements and rely on “low-tech” simplicity to achieve beauty, The Spaces reported. “He has developed a strategy that never bases on a recurring (反复出现的) method but rather on evaluating the specific characteristics and requirements of each project differently,” the jury (评审团) said in its citation announcing the award.
One of Liu’s most well-known projects around the world was the so-called “rebirth bricks” he created after the terrible Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. To aid in reconstruction, Liu made bricks using local wheat fiber, cement (水泥) and rubble (瓦砾) from collapsed buildings. More than just recycling, these bricks were “a poetic metaphor”, for the rebirth of the material and “the spiritual rebirth of the community at a time of national mourning”, reported The Guardian, These bricks were later used in several of his projects, including the Shuijingfang Museum in Chengdu and the Novartis pharmaceutical (制药) company in Shanghai.
Liu’s design also focuses on ordinary people. This is reflected in his largest project, West Village, a five-story urban complex completed in 2015 in Chengdu, The complex includes a soccer field, a market, and pathways for cyclists and pedestrians (行人). With grass growing through holes in the bricks, the project celebrates “the liveliness of ‘everyday life’,” wrote critic Austin Williams in 2017. It has become a popular destination for people from home and abroad to spend their leisure time.
“Architecture serves to create a beautiful, just and dignified (有尊严的) living environment. People’s real lives, happiness and dignity are what we strive for,” Liu told China Daily.
Designing Buildings in Harmony with Nature
Introduction ※68-year-old Chinese architect Liu Jiakun was 1 with the 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize, which was the highest honor in the field of architecture.
Career ※He devoted over forty years to architecture. ※In 1999, he 2 up Jiakun Architect. He has built a various body of work.
Design philosophy ※According to The Spaces, Liu uses local materials or cultural features and creates beauty through low-tech simplicity 3 of sticking to a fixed style. ※Liu avoids using the same approach every time and carefully studies what makes each project unique and then designs solutions 4 on its special needs.
Two 5 projects ※He is well-known as the 6 of “rebirth bricks”, which is considered a beautiful symbol showing how broken things can become new again and how people can heal after a disaster. ※The design of West Village in Chengdu used bricks with holes where grass grows, making people’s daily life 7 .
Liu’s opinion ※The 8 of architecture lies in creating a beautiful, just and dignity living environment and that is what we are pursuing.
What can you learn from Liu Jiakun and his works 9
（2025·江苏无锡·一模）阅读短文，根据其内容完成文后的表格。(每空不超过3个词)
After a long day’s study at school, you are very tired. So after school you go home to relax. When you get home, a robot welcomes you. He’s happy to see you and helps you take your school things to your room. He listens to you talk about your school life and tells you a new joke. And he tells you to call your cousin and to say happy birthday. And then he helps you with your homework.
This is your future, and the robot’s name is NAO. NAO has a small body, big eyes and a large head. He can walk and dance. He listens and talks, and he even learns and thinks for himself. His creators predict that the robot will be in people’s homes before 2040. This $16, 000 robot knows who you are.
NAO can even express emotions (表达情感). He is a self-guided robot. A self-guided robot can sense (感觉), think and act. Other robots might do two out of the three. For example, a robot might sense things using cameras and think using computers, but with no arms, he can’t act. Another robot can move and sense things, but he can’t think for himself. These aren’t self-guided robots. But NAO can do them all.
NAO—A Home Robot in the Future
Your life with a robot at home in the future ●The robot can welcome you and help you carry things when you 10 . ●The robot can listen and speak to you. He can even tell jokes. ●The robot can remind you of the things you forgot and help with your homework.
Something about NAO Looks He has a small body, big eyes and a large head.
Ability ●He can 11 , listen and talk, learn and think. ●He can also know who you are.
Prediction ●He will be used 12 before 2040. ●You can buy the robot NAO at the price of $16, 000.
The 13 between NAO and other robots ●Because of having more abilities than other robots, NAO is called 14 . ●NAO can sense, think and act, but other robots can only do two out of the three.
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）After waking up, you may feel frustrated that you cannot recall the dreams you had last night. Artificial Intelligence (AI) may be able to help.
Previously, there have been AI models that can turn texts into images. They do this by learning from a large amount of data from both texts and images. This time, researchers from Osaka University in Japan have trained an AI system called Stable Diffusion to recreate images directly from people’s brain scans, Science magazine reported.
The researchers used an online data set provided by the University of Minnesota, which consisted of brain scans from four participants (参与者) as they each viewed a set of 10,000 photos. The scans were recorded by functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI, 功能性磁共振成像).
The AI then learned about the participants’ brain activities by analyzing changes in blood flow shown by the FMRI data—when a part of the brain is activated (激活), more blood will flow to it. It then matched the brain activities with the photos. Through this method, AI learned how human brains would react when seeing different photos.
Finally, the researchers tested the AI on additional brain scans from the same participants when they viewed photos of a toy bear, airplane, clock and train. If the person looked at an airplane, for example, the AI would use the brain scan data to create an image of a very blurry (模糊的) airplane. Then, it would turn on the previous “text-to-image” model and improve the quality of the image by feeding itself the keyword “airplane”. The final images were “convincing” with about 80 percent of accuracy (准确性), according to the researchers.
The new study created a novel approach that combines texts and images to “decipher (解码) the brain”. According to Ariel Goldstein from Princeton University, US, told Science magazine. In the future, scientists hope that the technology can be used to record imagined thoughts and dreams or allow people to understand how differently other animals perceive (感知) reality.
Title Brain Scans by AI
Problem You can’t remember the dreams you had last night, which 15 you to feel frustrated.
Solution An AI system called Stable Diffusion recreates images 16 on people’s brain scans.
Ways ● The researchers used an online data set that was 17 up of brain scans from four participants. ● AI analyzed changes to get 18 about the brain activities. ● It matched the photos the participants 19 with the brain activities. ● The researchers tested the AI on additional brains scans. Moreover, AI 20 itself keywords to make the quality of image better.
Conclusion It is 21 that people can record imagined thoughts and dreams through the technology. It can also help understand how animals perceive the world differently 22 humans.
Do you think the technology is useful Why or why not 23
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Imagine watching a movie in a foreign language or attending a lecture where the speaker talks fast, the subtitles (字幕) appear directly on your glasses. Isn’t that amazing
Recently, an ordinary yet “magical” pair of glasses—the AR Smart Glasses have hit the market, which have many advantages over regular translation tools by offering hands-free, screen-free, real-time interactive translation.
The AR Smart Glasses are lightweight and comfortable to wear. They look just like regular glasses, but the “magic” hidden within them can’t be ignored (忽视).
The coolest feature of the AR Smart Glasses is their special translator. The glasses are of great help when people are in foreign countries. When they talk with someone there, they can just point the glasses’ camera at the person they’re talking to, and the translation appears on the screen. When people visit a new city wearing AR Smart Glasses, they can simply look at any text, and a translation quickly appears in their view. If they get lost and need directions, the glasses can connect with GPS apps and show them translated directions right in front of their eyes. Even for language learners, it would be wonderful to practise a new language by seeing the words they hear being translated simultaneously (同步地). Learning a language can become quicker, easier, and more certain.
Since translation tools like the AR Smart Glasses help people understand words easily, some people start to question whether it’s still necessary to learn English, or any other foreign languages. In fact, knowing a new language is more than just that. When you speak a language fluently, you have a better understanding of the way people talk, the jokes they make, and the special meanings behind their words. This helps you connect with people better and make real friends. Also, being able to speak more than one language makes you smarter. It helps you think in new ways and solve problems more easily. In a word, learning a language isn’t just about understanding words. More importantly, it’s about real connections with native speakers and a different point of view to see the world.
Of course, AR Smart Glasses and other cool tools can help with translations, but the real joy and benefits of knowing a language come from speaking it fluently and understanding its culture.
The AR Smart Glasses
Introduction ●The AR Smart Glasses have attracted many people’s 24 recently because of its special translator. ●The AR Smart Glasses 25 people with better service .
26 ●Compared with 27 glasses, the AR Smart Glasses weigh less and are more comfortable for users to wear. ●The AR Smart Glasses help a lot when people talk to 28 , visit a new city or get lost. ●It can also be helpful for language learners to practise a new language because they can 29 the translation of what they hear at the same time.
Different opinions Questioned voice●With the help of translation tools, some people start to think that it’s 30 to learn foreign languages any more.
Writer’s opinion●Learning a language isn’t just understanding words. Speaking a language fluently makes you 31 people better. ●The AR Smart Glasses make it possible for people to be better connected with native speakers, improve their wisdom and see the world 32 .
Conclusion ● 33 tools like AR Smart Glasses can translate for you, the real value of a language comes from speaking it well and connecting with its culture.
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下面的短文，并根据所读内容，在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。（注意：每个空格只填一个单词）
Nature’s Engineers Build Dams (水坝) for Us
Seven years ago, a dam was planned in the Czech Republic. It would be built in the country’s Vltava River area. The project received more than 1.4 million dollars, but it never started because local officials couldn’t get the building permits (许可证) for it. This past January, however, people found the project had been done-by a family of eight beavers (河狸)! Beavers are the world’s second-largest rodents (啮齿动物). They can weigh up to 30kilograms. These big animals are nature’s great builders.
To make a dam, beavers first put sticks and wood into the mud (泥土) of the riverbed to form a base (底座). Then, they use materials such as rocks and mud to build the top of the base. They build the dam across the river to prevent the flow of water. This creates a large “beaver pool.” Beavers can build their homes in these pools. Because of the pools, beavers can get plenty of food and enemies can’t harm them easily.
Beaver dams also make good homes for many other animals, such as fish and frogs, which helps keep the balance of nature. What’s more, they work as natural firebreaks (防火带) and help prevent flooding.
The beavers have built at least four dams in the Vltava River area. Some of these dams are very big. The biggest one on record lies in Canada. The 850-meter-long dam is so large that we can see it from space! “They picked perfect places to build their dams,” said Jaroslav Obermajer, a local official. “Beavers’ designs are always better than what humans design on paper!” Nature knows best, doesn’t it
34 about beavers→ They are the world’s second-largest rodents. → They are up to 30 kilograms in 35 . →They are nature’s great builders.
What beavers build in the Vltava River area→ This past January, a family of eight beavers built a dam in the Vltava River area, while the local officials in the Czech Republic couldn’t make it done because of having 36 building permits. → So far, the beavers have built at least four dams in the Vltava River area. The largest one can be 37 from space. The beavers picked perfect places to build their dams and their designs are better than 38 .
★ 39 beavers build their homes ① They put sticks and wood into the mud of the riverbed to form the base of a dam. ②They use 40 like rocks and mud to build the top of the base. ③They build the dam across the river. This creates a large “beaver pool”. ④ They build homes in the pools, which offer them food and 41 them from enemies. ★Why beavers’ workis 42 to the environment→ Beaver pools make good homes for many other animals, like frogs and fish. → Beaver dams can help stop 43 from spreading. → Beaver dams help prevent flooding.
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Have you ever noticed this Whether in stores or parks, the women’s restroom always seems very busy. Not only are they crowded inside, but long lines often stretch outside as well. Meanwhile, going to the men’s restroom appears much more smooth. People come and go quickly, and you hardly see long lines waiting outside.
The reasons are varied. First, men’s and women’s needs in restrooms are not the same. A study from the World Toilet Organization shows that, due to physical differences, the typical time women spend in the restroom is about 2.3 times longer than that of men. Women also often use public restrooms to fix their appearance or take care of children.
To accommodate these additional needs, women’s restrooms are often designed with less space per user than men’s. This makes the traditional 1:1 ratio between men’s and women’s restroom space unfair. Liang Ji, an expert from the China Association of Urban Environmental Sanitation, suggests that a 1:2 ratio would be more effective.
In recent years, public awareness of this problem has grown. To address it, we should start by raising public understanding. When using public spaces, everyone should consider others’ needs while meeting their own.
In addition, more cities should be encouraged to support female-friendly restrooms. Reports show that some public restrooms in Shenzhen, Guangdong, have already adopted a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and have also added smart screens to help visitors check available spaces.
In Changsha, Hunan, two extra women-only restrooms have been added to a railway station’s public restroom areas. During a trip to Jilin province, I also noticed a public restroom that included a well-designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones, making the waiting time more comfortable.
These well-planned public services have received a lot of praise. But more importantly, when women feel more comfortable and valued, our cities will become more welcoming and peaceful places to live.
Problem 44 to men’s restroom, women’s restroom is always crowded and has long lines whether in stores or parks.
Varied 45 of the situation ·Because men and women are physically 46 , women tend to spend more time in the restroom.
·In some cases, women use the restroom for the 47 of taking care of children or fixing their appearance.
How to solve the problem ·Help the public 48 the situation.
·Take both others’ needs and their own into consideration
·Adopt a 1:2 ratio of male-to-female restroom spaces and help visitors check available spaces by 49 smart screens.
·Set up extra women-only restrooms.
·Include a well-designed rest area where visitors could read books or charge their phones, making the waiting time more comfortable.
People’s opinions People think 50 of these well-planned public services. It’s important to make our cities welcoming and peaceful places to live.
According to the article, how many provinces have the awareness to solve the problem 51
What do you think is the best way to solve the problem 52
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）Time capsules (胶囊) are small collections of goods or information that are stored somewhere safe. They can be opened by people many years later, giving future people an idea of life in the past. They may include newspaper articles, popular music recordings and photos. Historians can use time capsules to learn more about societies that lived in the past.
There are some famous time capsules in history. The first example is the Detroit Century Box. It is one of the earliest time capsules. On Dec 31, 1900, the city Detroit chose several photos and letters to be kept in a box. The box was locked then and opened one hundred years later. The things in the capsule give us a look at Detroit in the past. There were photos of people and places, as well as letters written by local people. Some of them even gave predictions (预测) for the future. One person thought that Detroit would have a population of 4 million by 2000. It turned out that the city’s population was about 951, 000 that year, according to .
Humans have even sent time capsules into space! The US sent two time capsules into space on the Voyager (旅行者号) spacecraft in 1977. They’re called the Voyager Golden Records. They have sounds and pictures that show different kinds of human life and culture. For example, they have music by the classical composer Beethoven and pictures of plants, insects and landscapes. The Voyager spacecraft has traveled far away from our solar system. It is hoped that aliens might find the time capsules someday and learn about us.
Time capsules
Introductions Time capsules are small collections of goods or information that are stored in safe 53 . Future people can open time capsules many years later, 54 about life in the past.
55 The Detroit Century Box On Dec 31, 1900, several photos and letters were 56 to be kept in it. It was locked then and opened one 57 later. One person predicted that the population of Detroit would 58 4 million by 2000. But in 59 , Detroit only had a population of 951,000 that year.
The Voyager Golden Records They included 60 time capsules in all. They were sent into space on the Voyager spacecraft in 1977. 61 sounds and pictures, they show different kinds of human life and culture. They have traveled far away from the solar system. We 62 that aliens can find them and learn about us.
（2025·江苏南京·一模）阅读下面短文，根据所读内容，在文章后空格里填入最恰当的内容。
注意：前8题每个空格只填1个单词；后两个题词数不限。
Long ago, a raja lived in India. His people were rice farmers. The raja said to them, “Give me most of your rice, and I will store it. When the time of famine comes, everyone will have rice to eat.” So each year, the raja took most of the people’s rice and stored it.
For many years, the rice grew well. Then one year the rice did not grow, and there was a famine.
“Give us rice!” the people begged.
“No!” cried the raja. “The famine may last a long time. I must have the rice for myself. A raja must not go hungry!”
One day, an elephant was carrying two big baskets of rice to the raja.
A village girl named Rani noticed something. A little rice was falling from one of the baskets. She walked behind the elephant and caught the falling rice in her skirt.
Rani took all the rice to the raja.
“This rice fell from one of the elephant’s baskets, and I’m returning it to you,” she said.
“I wish to give you a reward for returning my rice,” the raja said. “Ask me for anything.”
“Oh, Raja,” said Rani. “I do not need any reward. But if you wish, you may give me one grain of rice.”
“One grain of rice ” cried the raja. “That’s not enough!”
“Very well,” said Rani. “Today, you can give me a single grain of rice. Then tomorrow you can double it and give me two grains of rice. The next day, four grains of rice and so on for thirty days.”
“That’s not much of a reward,” said the raja. “But you shall have it.”
And the raja gave Rani a single grain of rice. The next day, Rani got two grains of rice.
On the 9th day, Rani got 256 grains of rice.
“This girl is not very clever,” thought the raja. “There was more rice in her skirt. Why didn’t she keep it ”
On the 16th day, Rani received 32,768 grains of rice. On the 27th day, the raja delivered 64 baskets of rice to Rani.
“One grain of rice is turning into a lot,” the raja thought. “But I shall give her the reward, as a raja should.”
On the final day, 256 elephants carried the last of the rice to Rani—536870,912 grains.
“What will you do with this rice ” asked the raja. “I have no more.”
“I will give it to all the hungry people,” said Rani. “And I will leave you a basket. From now on, you’ll only take as much rice as you need. Promise ”
“I promise,” said the raja. And from then on, the raja was truly good, as a raja should be.
Characters: The raja, rice farmers and Rani
Setting: In 63
Plot: ◆Opening The raja collected most of his people’s rice each year and 64 to store it for times of famine. The people, who are rice farmers, 65 the raja and gave him their rice. ◆Build-up One year, the rice failed to grow, but the raja 66 to share the stored rice, claiming he needed it for himself. ◆Climax Rani collected fallen rice from an elephant’s basket and returned it to the raja. Impressed by Rani’s honesty, the raja offered her a 67 . Rani asked for one grain of rice on the first day, doubling each day for 68 days. ◆Resolution On the final day, elephants brought the last of the rice to Rani. The raja had no rice left. He realized his 69 and the power of Rani’s clever request. ◆ 70 Rani shared the rice with all the hungry people and the raja. The raja agreed that he would only take what he needed in the future.
Follow-up: What will the raja do if there is another famine 71 Find one sentence from the story to support your idea. 72
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中小题的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：1—8题每个空格只填1个单词；9—10不限词数。
How to avoid loneliness
Loneliness, a natural feeling, is not something most people want to experience. When you feel lonely as a result of missing a loved one or a place, or preparing for a time spent away from your friends and family, here are some ways for you to avoid it.
Focus on your health
Studies have shown that poor sleep, lack of physical activity and unhealthy food can let you feel tired and sad. Then you will feel lonely. Try to get eight hours of sleep every night, try to take part in at least 30 minutes of physical activity, and don’t eat junk food. Eating more fruits and vegetables will also help.
Bring an old hobby back to life
It’s much more difficult to feel lonely if you’ re actively enjoying an activity, especially one that you are good at. If you’ve got a hobby that you love, try to spare time for your hobby even if you are busy, such as reading, playing a sport, cooking, painting...
Avoid staying at home all day long
Spending your time in nature will probably improve your feelings and help you get over loneliness. Sunshine makes you feel happier and less focused on your loneliness. You can go hiking, go boating or go on a bike ride. You may go for a coffee with your friends or even make big plans so that you have events to look forward to. First, you can make possible activities you might want to take part in, then, spend a few days planning out the event, so that you are fully prepared and stress-free. If possible, include other people in your plan to make your activity more interesting.
To avoid loneliness, you need to face your own loneliness first. Do your best to follow the things above. It takes efforts, but it is worth your try.
Most people don’t want to experience loneliness. When you feel lonely 73 of some unpleasant things, you can do something to make yourself feel better.
How to avoid loneliness Focus on your health Poor sleep, lack of physical activities and unhealthy food can make youtired and sad, 74 to loneliness. Therefore, you are 75 to get enough sleep, take part in physical activities and eat more fruits and vegetables if you want to avoid loneliness.
Bring an old If you take an 76 part in enjoying activities, you will feel less lonely.
hobby 77 So try to 78 more time on your hobby even if you are busy.
Avoid staying at home all day long Getting 79 to nature helps improve your feelings. Making big plans with your friends and planning out the event can 80 you away from stress.
64. What is the first step to avoid loneliness 81
65. What will you usually do when you feel lonely Share your own experience. 82 .
（2025·江苏南京·一模）We often hear a parent shout, “Tidy your room!”. It’s thought that an unmade bed and messy (杂乱) floor can make other family members stressed.
A study found that mess and managing it are “central and important to happiness” while a messy living space make people more stressed, especially in women. On the other hand, some untidiness may be the sign of creativity. So what do you think, is it OK to have a messy bedroom Recently, this topic has caused hot discussion online.
Yes—it’s not a big deal
It is important for children to have their own space where they can be themselves. By allowing children to keep their room as they want, parents are helping children prepare for later life. Also, clearing up your room is a waste of time and there are more important things to focus on, like work and hobbies. Anyway, there is a great chance of getting the room messy again.
No—messiness leads to bad feelings
Research shows that in a messy room, you may feel worried and can’t focus on tasks like homework. A tidy room can improve clear thinking and calmness. It also means you have more space for activities and won’t lose things. What’s more, mess might be dangerous—you can fall down or knock something onto the floor and break it.
In my opinion, we can live according to our own willingness if we live alone. However, keeping our space clean and tidy is an important life skill. It is unfair (不公正的) to other family members if our room is messy as it is part of their home too, and we should respect that.
A 83 on whether to leave your bedroom messy
The background ·It’s common to hear parents ask their children to tidy their rooms. ·An untidy environment can be stressful for the 84 of the family.
Different discoveries of a study ·Mess and managing the room 85 a lot to happiness. ·A messy living space can cause stress levels to 86 . ·However, messiness can be a sign of a creative mind.
Different voices Voice for it:·If children are 87 to keep the room as they want, it can help them prepare for their later life. ·Clearing up a room costs a lot of time and then it may get messy again.
Voice against it:An untidy room can cause worries and 88 children from focusing on tasks like homework. ·A tidy room can make us think more 89 and keep calmer. ·A tidy room can provide more space and avoid some possible 90 like falling down or breaking things.
The writer’s 91 ·Being tidy is an important life skill. ·We should respect other family members’ habits 92 we live alone.
（2025·江苏镇江·一模）根据短文内容在文章后表格中的空白处填入一个最恰当的词，每空一词。
January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. This smart program can work out math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models such as Open AI’s GPT 4.0, but it costs much less to build. The team spent only $5.58 million (1/70 of Open AI’s cost) and used 2,048 computer chips for two months. This shows that good ideas can beat big money.
DeepSeek-R1 learns by trying many times and getting better, like how students practice maths. Other AIs need lots of prepared examples, but R1 improves by itself. For example, in a global math test, it got 79.8% right, slightly higher than Open AI’s model. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, helping schools and small companies.
DeepSeek-R1 is free to use and change. On its first day online, more than 19, 000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it. A German scientist said experiments with R1 cost $10 instead of $300 with other AIs. Even Meta (a famous U.S. tech company) top scientist said, “This kind of free AI could change the world.”
U.S. tech companies are worried. Meta plans to spend $65 billion more on AI research. Experts say China is catching up fast. A report in Nature magazine called R1 a “big step forward”, proving that smart ideas beat expensive tools.
As a DeepSeek engineer said, “We want AI to be a friend, not something only rich people can use. With R1, China shows the world that great things come from new ideas and hard work, not just money.”
Chinese AI Model DeepSeek-R1 93 the World
94 January 20, 2025, a Chinese tech company named DeepSeek made a new AI called DeepSeek-R1. On its first day online, 95 19,000 programmers worldwide started projects to study it.
96 It can 97 math problems, write code, and answer questions like top models. Above all, the 98 is far less than Open AI. A simple version of R1 can even run on low-cost computers, 99 schools and small companies. Nature magazine 100 it as a “big step forward”.
Conclusion Good ideas can 101 big money. China shows the world that new ideas and hard work 102 great things.
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Project-based learning, or PBL, is a teaching method in which students work on a project with the goal of answering a real-world question or solving a practical problem. PBL requires students to use skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, creativity, and collaboration. Moreover, students are proud of their work because they will need to present their ideas to an audience (观众). PBL leads to the creation of a product. An important part of PBL is audience feedback and comments (评论).
PBL can fit into any subject area in social studies, for example, students can research the history and culture of their community, exploring a festival for the community, which includes traditional costumes, food, art and music.
In maths, students can make a quilt (被子) with symbols of their community’s heritage. This project joins knowledge of geometry, art, and history together. It would require maths skills to measure the material used to make the quilt. The quilt could be displayed at a country fair or a school meeting. In language arts, students could team up with a school from a different culture. First of all, they could exchange information through a class website. Then they could pack items that represent their school or culture. Students would give a description of each item and why it is relevant. Finally, the students could exchange the packages through the mainland ask follow-up questions about the items they received.
In science, students could research plants, and they could use their findings to build a habitat (栖息地) in the school garden. This may include removing weeds, adding plants to attract butterflies, and building bird feeders.
An important part of PBL is that failure is understood to be a basic part of the learning process. One of the goals of PBL is to make efforts productively and work through problems. All schools and educators should accept PBL!
Project—based Learning
Introduction PBL requires students to work on a 103 by solving a practical problem. The audience feedback and comments make a 104 to it.
105 of practical use in some subjects Students can research the history and culture of their community through a traditional 106 for it.
Maths skills and knowledge of some 107 subjects can be joined together by making a quilt and displaying it in 108 can bring more advantages.
To improve language skills, students from different cultures can pack and 109 items, and then exchange them for further communication.
Building a habitat can help students put their findings from the research into practice.
Conclusion In PBL, how is failure understood 110 What’s the purpose of PBL according to the last paragraph 111 Do you think our school should accept PBL Why or why not 112
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。
Listen! What can you hear Birds outside A car going by Maybe your favorite music Thanks to your ears, you can hear it clearly.
The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that there are 360 million people in the world with hearing loss problems. At least half of all cases of hearing loss are avoidable if you take care of your ears.
Protecting yourself from loud noise is a key part of ear care. Nowadays, it is common for people to listen to music with headphones on while traveling to school or work. Remember to choose over-the-ear headphones. This type can keep background noise out and allow you to have the volume lower. In-the-ear headphones are less effective at keeping background noise out. Also, experts suggest a 60:60 rule: listen to your music at 60 percent of the maximum volume (最大音量) for no more than 60 minutes a day. Want to know if your earphones are at a safe volume Ask people sitting near you if they can hear your music. If they can, it’s a sign that your hearing is being damaged (损伤). Turn the volume down until other people can no longer hear it.
Do you clean your ears with cotton buds or fingernails Think again. These things can push earwax (耳垢) deeper into your ear, and hurt your ear canal (耳道). The ear is a self-cleaning organ (器官) and does not require active cleaning, according to the WHO. If the earwax makes you uncomfortable, you can ask a doctor to deal with it.
Take care of your ears when you are swimming. You can use earplugs (耳塞) to stop water getting into your ears. Dry your ears with a towel after swimming or having a bath. If you feel there is water inside your ear, shake your head a little bit to help get the water out.
Hearing 113
Problem Millions of people are facing the problems of 114 hearing.
Reason Most of the cases 115 because they don’t take care of their ears.
Ways to protect your hearing Protect yourself from loud noise ●Using over-the-ear headphones is a good 116 for you to keep background noise out. ●You should enjoy your music at a safe volume for at 117 an hour a day.
118 clean your ears with cotton buds or fingernails ●The ear is a self-cleaning organ and does not require to be cleaned. ●You can ask a doctor to solve the earwax 119 it makes you comfortable.
Take care of your ears while swimming ●You can stop water 120 your ears with earplugs. ● 121 your ears dry with a towel after swimming or taking a bath really helps. ●Shake your head a little bit to help get the water out if 122 .
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中第1-10小题的空格里填入恰当的内容。注意：第1-9小题，每空只填1个单词；第10小题词数不限。
Imagine watching a movie in a foreign language or attending a lecture where the speaker talks fast, the subtitles (字幕) appear directly on your glasses. Isn’t that amazing
Recently, an ordinary yet "magical" pair of glasses—the AR Smart Glasses—has hit the market, which goes far beyond regular translation tools by offering hands-free, screen-free, real-time interactive translation.
The AR Smart Glasses are lightweight and comfortable to wear. They look just like regular glasses, but the “magic” hidden within them can’t be ignored (忽视).
The coolest feature of the AR Smart Glasses is their special translator. When people talk with someone, they can just point the glasses’ camera at the person they’re talking to, and the translation appears on the screen. When people visit a new city wearing AR Smart Glasses, they can simply look at any text, and a translation quickly appears in their view. If they get lost and need directions, the glasses can connect with GPS apps and show them translated directions right in front of their eyes. Even for language learners, it would be wonderful to practice a new language by seeing the words they hear being translated simultaneously (同步地). Learning a language can become quicker, easier, and more certain.
Since translation tools like the AR Smart Glasses help people understand words easily, some people start to question whether it’s still necessary to learn English, or any other foreign languages. In fact, knowing a new language is more than just that. When you speak a language fluently, you understand the way people talk, the jokes they make, and the special meanings behind their words. This helps you connect with people better and make real friends. Also, being able to speak more than one language makes you smarter. It helps you think in new ways and solve problems more easily. In a word, learning a language isn’t just about understanding words. More importantly, it’s about real connections with native speakers and a different point of view to see the world.
So, even though AR Smart Glasses and other cool tools can help with translations, the real joy and benefits of knowing a language come from speaking it fluently and understanding its culture.
The AR Smart Glasses
Introduction ● The AR Smart Glasses have attracted many people’s 123 recently because of its special translator. ● The AR Smart Glasses offer people better service not only because no hands or screen are 124 but also because it can provide interactive translation timely.
125 Compared with regular glasses, the AR Smart Glasses weigh 126 and are more comfortable for users to wear.
The AR Smart Glasses 127 a lot when talking to foreigners, visiting anew city, getting lost or learning a language.
Different opinions ● Questioned voice With the help of translation tools, some people 128 about the necessity of learning foreign languages.
● Writer’s opinion Learning a language is far 129 just understanding words.
It makes it possible for people to be better connected with native speakers, 130 their wisdom and see the world differently. It brings language learners real joy and benefits when they can speak it fluently and understand the culture.
● Your own voice The AR Smart Glasses are 131 for my English learning. Reason(s): 132
（2025·江苏南京·模拟预测）Sending humans to Mars has long been scientists’ dream. This has never been done before. NASA is building a rocket to go to Mars. NASA is an organization in the USA that caries out space programmes. They are now building a rocket called Space Launch System. A company called Boeing, which builds airplanes and spaceships, is helping. Tiera Fletcher is an engineer working at Boeing. She is working on Space Launch System. It will be the largest rocket ever built.
Question one: What was your life like growing up
Fletcher: I grew up in a small town called Mableton. It is right outside Atanta, Gicorgia. I was very interested in Maths as a kid. My mom would take me on trips to the store. She would make me calculate the price of the things we bought. Later, my interests grew. I wanted to be a mathematician. I also wanted to be an inventor and scientist.
Question two: What is aerospace engineering, and how did you become interested in it
Fletcher: Engineers solve problems. They do so by making products, such as machines. Aerospace engineers work with airplanes and spaceships. I took part in a school programme at age 11. It was about aerospace engineering. I decided that I wanted to become an aerospace engineer. In high school, I studied reverse thrust. Thrust is a pushing force (力). It moves airplanes forward. Engines (引擎) create thrust to push a lot of air backward. This causes the plane to move forward. Reverse thrust is a system. It is used in planes. It changes the direction that the air is pushed from the engine.
Question three: How did you come to work at Boeing, and what do you do there now
Fletcher: I worked as an intern (实习生) at Boeing. Later, the company offered me a job. Today, I work on Space Launch System. I design some of its parts. The rocket is being built and tested now. It will be the largest rocket ever created. Its goal is to send people to Mars.
Question four: What challenges do you face at work and what have you done with them
Fletcher: I’m 25, African American and female. Most of the people I work with are older males. This has been a challenge. People may have unfair or negative (消极的) beliefs about me. I have been able to rise above this challenge. I work hard to prove that I can do my job well. It takes confidence and courage.
Question five: What advice do you have for students who might be interested in a career like yours
Fletcher: Do your research! Also, keep an open mind. There are so many choices out there in science, technology, engineering and maths. Try them all out. Keep trying new subjects until you find what you love. Do not limit yourself! You are capable (能干的) of more, you can do more, and you can be more.
Dream jobs: Rocket Designer
Humans have never been sent to Mars 133 scientists have dreamed of it for a long time. NASA is now building a rocket called Space Launch System with the help of Boeing which builds airplanes and spaceships.
What was Fletcher’s life like growing up She was made to work out how much things 134 when her mom took her to the store. Then be showed a great interest in maths. She dreamed of being a mathematician, an inventor and a scientist.
What is aerospace engineering, and how did she become interested in it She took part in a school programme about airplanes and spaceships at 11 and made up her 135 to become an aerospace engineer. In high school, she studied reverse thrust. Thrust is a force which pushes the plane to move forward, and reverse thrust is a system 136 the direction of the plane. The engineer solve problems by making products and work with airplanes and spaceships.
What challenge does she face and what she has done with them As a 25-year-old female African American, people often 137 if she can do her job well. She has worked hard to prove they are 138 with great confidence and courage.
What advice does she have for students who might be interested in such a career Do research and be open in science, technology, engineering and maths. Don’t limit yourself. The more you do, the more 139 you have. 140
What does Fletcher work on at Boeing today 141
What can we learn from Fletcher’s experience of turning her childhood interests into a successful career 142
（2025·江苏泰州·一模）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填写表格（每空限填一词）。
Is there anybody you dislike Well, maybe you don’t really dislike them. But you get really angry every time you think of them. If you don’t let this anger go, it can turn into bitterness (痛苦). Bitterness appears when we can’t forgive (原谅) someone who has hurt us or made us angry.
Someone might say or do something that hurts us. But instead of controlling the anger, we keep it deep inside. Before long, a bitter feeling begins to grow. We may think we’re hurting that person by criticizing (指责) him or her often, but we’re really only hurting ourselves.
Bitterness cannot only lead to serious health problems such as heart disease, but also hurt our relationships with friends and relatives. No one enjoys being around an angry person for very long.
If you see bitterness in your life, here are some ways to deal with it.
Accept it
Instead of trying to deny (否认) your anger, make it clear to yourself and accept it. See your anger for what it is and quickly deal with it.
Don’t make excuses for it any more
You may feel you have a right to be angry. You may think you’re right and the other person is wrong. You may even secretly enjoy making the other person look bad. But in the end, bitterness hurts you much more than the other person. The bitterness will hold you back, and the other person will go on with his or her life.
Forgive and forget it
You probably can’t completely put the anger out of your mind. But you can decide to forgive the others. Forget it and move on. You’ll enjoy better health and peace of mind.
143 to deal with bitterness
Problem Whenever we think of the person we dislike, we get really angry. If the anger lasts 144 , it can turn into bitterness. We feel bitter when we can’t forgive others who hurt us.
Results We may think we’re hurting that person if we criticize him or her often, but we’re really only hurting 145 . Bitterness can both cause serious health problems, and have a bad 146 on our relationships with friends and relatives.
Ways to solve the problem Accept it Try not to 147 your anger. Find out what your anger is about and 148 it. Explore its reason and solve it quickly.
149 making excuses for it You may feel it’s your right to be angry. You may secretly feel glad when you make others look sad. But 150 , bitterness hurts you much more.
Forgive and forget it You probably can’t completely make the anger 151 your mind, but you can decide to forgive the others. Forget it and you’ll feel healthier and more 152 in your mind.
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