(共34张PPT)
Unit 2 Making a difference
Words and Expressions
1.contribution [k ntr 'bju ( )n] n.贡献;捐款(赠);投稿
contribute v.:con- (together 一起) + tribute (贡品)
contribution---contribute---contributor
make a contribution to 做贡献
contribute sth. to... 把某物捐献给……
contribute to 贡献;有助于;给……投稿
eg. Scientists make great contributions to the development of society.
He is a great contributor.
2. relief [r 'li f] n.减轻;缓解
→relieve v.减轻,缓解
in / with relief 松了口气
to one’s relief 使人安心的是
It's a relief to do sth.做某事是种解脱
relieve sb. of 帮某人减轻
3. shortage [ t d ] n. 短缺;不足;缺乏
→short adj.短的;缺少的→shorten v.变短
food / water / housing shortages 食物/水/房屋短缺
a shortage of 短缺,缺少
in short 简言之;总之
be short of 缺少
be short for 是……的缩写/简称
4. internal [ n't n( )l] adj. 内部的;里面的;体内的
external 外部的
internal organs / injuries 内脏/内伤
internal control 内部控制
5. effective [ 'fekt v] adj. 有效的,产生预期效果的
→effect n.效果→affect vt.影响;(疾病)侵袭
have an effect on对……有影响
come into effect/take effect 生效
in effect 实际上 = in fact
eg. To be a straight A student, you should take effective methods .
6. fund [f nd] vt. 为……提供资金;资助 n. 基金;资金;存款
fund---funding
v./n. n.专款;拨款
7.recycle [ri 'sa k( )l] v.再利用,回收利用
re- (again 再、重新) + cycle (v 循环) → 再循环 → 再利用
→ recycling n.回收利用→recyclable adj.可回收利用的
recycling bin 回收箱 recycling plant 回收处理厂
recycling rate 回收率 recycling system 回收系统
recyclist n.提倡回收者 recycling economy 循环经济
8. fountain [ fa nt n] n.喷水池
9. earn [ n] v.挣钱
→earnings n.收入;薪水;工资
earn a / one’s living 挣钱维持生计
earn money 赚钱
earn sb.sth.为某人赢得/带来某物
earn one's respect/reputation 赢得尊敬名誉
earn pocket money
赚零花钱
10. donate [ do ne t] v. 捐赠,捐献
→donation n.捐献→donor n.捐赠者;捐赠人
donate sth.to...向……捐赠某物
make a donation to...向……捐赠
eg. The retired man donated most of his savings to the school. earthquake.
11. break into a smile 突然笑起来
break into 破门而人;闯人;突然……起来(十名词)
break out (战争、火灾等)爆发;突然……起来(+doing)
break down 停止运转,出故障;分解;垮掉
break up 打碎;分裂,解体;结束;(关系等)破裂
break away(from...) 突然离开;(从……中)脱离
12. foundation [fa n'de ( )n] 基金会;基础;地基
found---foundation
v. 建立 n.基金会
set up / establish a foundation 建立基金会
13. insight [' nsa t] n. 顿悟,猛醒
in + sight → 眼睛看进去、用心灵的眼睛去看 → 深入理解
insightful adj. 富有洞察力的;有深刻见解的
insight into 深刻理解
gain an insight into 看透, 识破
14. perseverance [p s 'v r( )ns] n. 不屈不挠,坚持不懈
persevere v. 坚持不懈
persevered adj.= persistent adj. 坚持不懈的
eg. He has never stopped trying and showed great perseverance.
15. reality [r ' l t ] n. 现实;实际;真实
→ real adj.真实的→really adv.真正地→realize v.了解
in reality 事实上 = in fact
become reality 成为现实
turn...into reality 把……变成现实
realise/realize one's aim/hope实现某人的目标/愿望
16. extend [ k'stend; ek-] v. 持续;延伸
ex- (out 向外) + tend (stretch 伸) → 向外伸 → 伸出;伸开
→extensive adj.广阔的;大规模的;广泛的→extension n.扩大;延伸
eg. The extension of the garden will take several weeks.
扩建花园需要几个星期的时间。
extend for/into/over
extend sth. for/by/until
extend sth. to sb./sth.
extend sth. to sb
延续
把……延长至……
把……扩大到……
提供/给予某人某事物
The year 2021 is arriving. From China’s capital Beijing, I extend my New Year wishes to you all!
2021年的脚步越来越近,我在北京向大家致以新年的美好祝福!
17. mission ['m ( )n] n. 职责;使命
space mission 太空任务
a rescue mission 营救任务
18. disease [d 'zi z] n. 疾病,病
dis- (不;非;使相反) + ease (放松;舒服) → 不舒服、生病 → 疾病
辨析义:disease 尤指传染性疾病或者身体的某个部位得病;illness 指重病或小病均可,也可指患病期间或精神上的疾病。
19. disability [d s 'b l t ] n. 残疾,残障
a physical/mental disability 身体或精神上的残疾
a learning disability 学习障碍
词族: disable, disabled, disability
20. territory ['ter t( )r ] n.地区,地方
terror --- terrible --- terrorist --- terrorism
n. 惊恐,恐惧 adj.糟糕的 n.恐怖分子 n.恐怖主义
21. sensitive [ sens t v] adj. 敏感的;容易生气的
→ sense n.感官;感觉→ sensible adj.明智的
be sensitive to 对……感到敏感;灵敏
in a sense 从某种意义上说
in no sense 决不(置于句首要用部分倒装)
make sense 讲得通
make sense of 弄明白,理解
There is no sense (in) doing sth.做某事没有意义
玻璃心是一种网络用语,意指自己的心像玻璃一样易碎,用来形容敏感脆弱的心理状态,经不起批评指责或者嘲讽。
人并非生来就强大,每个人都有着脆弱敏感的一面,而我们要做的,就是在漫漫人生旅途中,不断强化自己,将自己的“玻璃心”打磨成“钻石心”。
22. generous ['d en( )r s] adj. 慷慨的,大方的
gener- (birth, produce 产生) + -ous (形容词后缀) → (不断) 产生 → (物) 丰富的 → (人) 慷慨的
→ generosity n.慷慨;大方→generously adv.慷慨地
be generous with sth.在某事上慷慨
be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨
it’s generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事很慷慨
be generous to sb. / with sth. 对某人慷慨;在某事上慷慨
be generous in doing sth.在做某事方面慷慨/宽宏大量
23. hesitate ['hez te t] v.迟疑,犹豫
→hesitation n.迟疑,犹豫
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
hesitate about / over 对……犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫
have no hesitation in doing sth.毫不犹豫地做某事
hesitate
Between genius and diligence, I do not hesitate to choose diligence. She is almost all the achievements in the world. — Einstein
在天才和勤奋两者之间,我毫不迟疑地选择勤奋。她是几乎世界上一切成就的催产婆。 —— 爱因斯坦
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(Albert Einstein),出生于德国,毕业于苏黎世联邦理工学院,犹太裔物理学家。后移居美国。主要成就有提出光量子假说(Light Quantum Hypothesis),解决光电效应(photoelectric effect)问题,创立狭义相对论(Special Relativity)、广义相对论(General Relativity)等。
24. cancer ['k ns ] n. 癌症
25. royal ['r l] adj. 王室的,皇家的
26. institution [ nst 'tju ( )n] n.机构,团体
27. assistance [ 's st ns] n. 帮助,援助
→assist v.帮助→assistant n.助理;助手
with the assistance of在的帮助下
come/go to one's assistance 来/去帮助某人
assist sb.with sth在某方面帮助某人= help sb with sth
assist sb. to do/in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
28. registration [red 'stre ( )n] n. 登记,注册
register (v 注册&n.) → registration
registration form 登记表,注册表
29. confirmation [k nf 'me ( )n] n. 证实,证明
→confirm v.确定;证实→ confirmed adj. 坚定的
confirm sth/ sb in sth 确信某事/使某人确信某事
confirm one’ suspicions 证实某人的猜疑
It is confirmed that… 据证实……
30. Nazi ['nɑ:tsi, 'n -] n. 纳粹党人;纳粹主义信徒
31. Jewish ['d u ] adj. 犹太人的;犹太族的
32. aid [e d] vt. 帮助;资助;救助;促进
aid sb. to do/in doing sth.帮助某人做某事
aid sb.with sth,在某方面帮助某人
come/go to one's aid 来(去)帮助某人
first aid 急救
in aid of 用来帮助… with the aid of 在…的帮助下
eg. What do you know about first aid
33. temporary ['temp( )r r ] adj. 临时的,暂时的;短暂的
34. military ['m l t( )r ] n.军队
35. rise to one’s feet站起身来
on one's feet 站立着;恢复
stand on one's own feet 独立;自立
struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来
36. achievement [ 't i vm( )nt] n. 成就;完成;达到;成绩
achieve v. achievable adj 可达到的;可获得的
make an achievement/achievements in 在……方面取得成就
a sense of achievement一种成就感
achieve one's goal/dream/hope 实现目标/梦想/希望
生活中的 achievement
37. knighthood ['na th d] n. 骑士;骑士身份
38. chief [t i f] adj.主要的;首要的n.首领
the chief problem / reason
the chief editor / engineer
39. major ['me d ] adj. 主要的;重要的;主修的;较多的
major---majority n.大多数
n./v./adj. n.大多数
major in 主修…
major in 主修……为专业
be in a/the majority占大多数
a/the majority of 大多数……
40. treatment ['tri tm( )nt] n. 治疗,疗法;处理;待遇,对待
treat---treatment
hospital / medical treatment 住院治疗/医疗
fair / special treatment 公平/特殊待遇
under treatment 在治疗中
in the treatment of 在……治疗过程中
treat...as/like 把……当作
treat sb. to sth用某物款待某人
treat sb. for.治疗某人的……
treatment
在欧美国家,每年万圣节期间孩子们晚上都会挨家挨户敲门,主人一开门他们就大声喊trick or treat。trick or treat是什么意思呢?节日本身赋予它的含义是“不给糖就捣乱”。treat在这个习语中意为“款待”。
41. obtain [ b'te n] vt.获得;得到
42. drug [dr g] n. 药物;药剂;麻醉药;毒品
43. certificate [s t f k t; ] n. 证书;执照,文凭
cert (certain 确信) + -ific (to make 使) + -ate
a graduation certificate
a birth / marriage certificate
44. ministry ['m n str ] n.(政府的)部;内阁;(全体)牧师
far-further-furthest
far-farther-farthest
further, farther两者都为far的比较级,但是farther只用于本义“(空间距离上的)更远”。
eg. In order to get a good job, you should have further education.
45. further ['f ] adv. 进一步地;而且;更远地
福特公司的品牌口号:进无止境 (Go Further) 。
广告中展示了生活总是难免会遇到一些囧事,比如风筝飞太高挂树上了;爬上房修屋顶梯子突然倒了;投个篮吧没中也就罢了,还卡篮筐上了……虽说都是小事,却足够使你抓狂一阵,但我们决不能故步自封。
Today and tomorrow, we’re going further, so you can.