Unit 3 The world of science Understanding ideas 课件（共63张，内嵌音频）2024-2025学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修3

(共63张PPT)
Unit 3 The World of Science
Understanding ideas
Learning objectives
1. To summarize the genre and the structure of the text.
2. To find out the inventions in different times and different counties and perceive the reasons behind invention.
3. To conclude the spirit of invention and share views on it.
gunpowder
compass
virtual
virtual reality
wearable tech
flexible
battery
in addition
compute
capable
stuff
desire
never say never
n. 火药
n. 指南针，罗盘
adj. 虚拟的，模拟的
虚拟现实
可穿戴技术
adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的
n. 电池
除此之外，另外
v. 计算
adj. 有能力的
n. 东西，物品
n. 渴望，欲望
别轻易说决不
Words review
gunpowder
compass
virtual
virtual reality
wearable tech
flexible
battery
in addition
compute
capable
stuff
desire
never say never
n. 火药
n. 指南针，罗盘
adj. 虚拟的，模拟的
虚拟现实
可穿戴技术
adj. 易弯曲的，柔韧的
n. 电池
除此之外，另外
v. 计算
adj. 有能力的
n. 东西，物品
n. 渴望，欲望
别轻易说决不
Words review
Look at the pictures and talk about how the way we live has changed over time.
● Living condition: window, light, kitchen
● Learning tools: books, brush pen and writing papers vs computer
What are the reasons behind these changes
Now let’s read an interview and find out what inventions are mentioned.
What’s the genre of the text
A biography
B argumentation
C exposition
D interview
Inventions of the past
1. Ancient China: papermaking, printing, gunpowder, the compass;
2. the West: the steam engine, the telephone, the radio;
Inventions of today
* wearable tech, virtual reality, the flexible battery, the 3D printer, the intelligent walking house, the car,the wheel, new energy vehicles and the time machine
Listen to the interview and find out what inventions are mentioned.
Choose the sentences that describe Dr Fairhurst's opinions.
1. Inventions in Ancient China were better than those in the West.
2. A lot of today's great inventions are tech-based.
3. Today, most inventors prefer working by themselves.
4. The desire to solve problems inspires invention.
5. A time machine will definitely be invented in the future.
Greeting between the interviewer and Richard
Inventions of the past
Inventions of today
The inspiration for more inventions
The possibility of making time machine
What did they talk about during the interview
Inventions of today
(paragraphs5-8)
INVENTION
Inventions of
the future
(paragraphs13-14)
Inspiration for inventions
(paragraphs11-12)
Inventions of the past
(paragraphs3-4)
Inventions of the past
Ancient China
_________________
_________________
the West
________________
_________________
gunpowder，papermaking，
printing and the compass
the steam engine，
the telephone and the radio
Read paragraphs 3-4 and find out:
1. Why does Richard mention the great inventions in Ancient China and Western countries
2. Many people might think the great age of invention is over. Does Richard agree with this idea
Read paragraphs 3-4 again and think about the questions:
1. Why does Richard mention the great inventions in Ancient China and Western countries
Learning to learn :
Examples can be used to support one’s opinions.
To prove that there have been golden ages of invention throughout history
and that these things changed the world.
the speaker’s opinions
examples
2. Many people might think the great age of invention is over. Does Richard agree with this idea
No. He thinks we are in the great new age of invention based on technology.
Inventions of today
INVENTION
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●__________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
Read paragraphs 5-8 and find out:
What new inventions are mentioned
virtual reality refers to an environment which is produced by a computer and seems very much like reality
Inventions of today
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●__________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
virtual reality
What new inventions are mentioned
wearable technology consists of things that can be worn(such as clothing or glasses) and contains computer technology
Inventions of today
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●__________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
virtual reality
wearable tech
What new inventions are mentioned
the flexible battery
is able to bend easily without breaking
Inventions of today
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●__________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
virtual reality
wearable tech
the flexible battery
What new inventions are mentioned
Inventions of today
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●__________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
virtual reality
wearable tech
the flexible battery
replacement hearts and bones
What new inventions are mentioned
Inventions of today
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●__________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
virtual reality
wearable tech
the flexible battery
replacement hearts and bones
an intelligent walking house
solar
technology
What new inventions are mentioned
Inventions of today
Inventions of the past
Ancient China
_________________
_________________
the West
________________
_________________
INVENTION
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●_________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
virtual reality
wearable tech
the flexible battery
replacement hearts and bones
an intelligent walking house
solar
technology
gunpowder，papermaking，
printing and the compass
the steam engine，
the telephone and the radio
Inventions of
the future
Inventions of
the future
What is Richard's attitude to inventing a time machine
A．Negative B．Optimistic C．Critical D．Pessimistic
Read paragraphs 13-14 and find out:
What can you infer about Richard's attitude to the future development of invention
A. He thinks it promising.
B. He thinks it will be developed slowly.
C. He thinks it is hard to predict.
D. He thinks it is difficult to invent new things.
Learning to learn :
1. Search for words showing feelings and attitude.
2. Infer from the context, for example, the main idea or the structure,etc.
golden
great
change
advance
thanks to
be capable of
eco-friendly
Inventions of today
Inventions of the past
Ancient China
_________________
_________________
the West
________________
_________________
INVENTION
virtual reality
wearable tech
the flexible battery
replacement hearts and bones
an intelligent walking house
solar
technology
gunpowder，papermaking，
printing and the compass
the steam engine，
the telephone and the radio
Inventions of
the future
change the world forever
●________________
●_________________
●_________________
●_________________made by 3D printers
●_________________
using GPS, computing technology and ______
___________
tech-based
Inspiration for inventions
promising
Inspiration for inventions
recognizing _____________________
________________________________
INVENTION
Read paragraphs 11-12 and find out:
Inspiration for inventions
recognizing __________________________
____________________________________
a problem that needs a solution.
an incredible desire to think and create
Read paragraphs 11-12 and find out:
the speaker’s opinion
examples
Inspiration for inventions
recognizing __________________________
____________________________________
a problem that needs a solution.
an incredible desire to think and create
In your opinion, what else inspires people to invent new things
interest
great curiosity
imagination
love
a sense of responsibility
laziness
observation
imitation
Think and share
If you were the interviewer, what other questions would you ask Dr Richard Fairhurst
Starting an interview
Underline the key expressions to start an interview.
We’re glad to have sb. here/with us.
We’re joined by sb.
我们很荣幸请到……
Act out the interview!
Interviewer
Introduce your guest and the topic.
Ask questions politely and give natural response.
End the interview properly.
Interviewee
Use the mind map to help organise your answer.
Respond to the question first.
State your opinion before explaining in detail
虽然文章以文字的形式呈现，但仍然有很明显的口头语篇的特点。
口头语篇的特点
1. 文章中出现了大量的日常交际用语，如：Thank you，I guess，well，so，yes，sure，I see，I think等。
2. 文章中的句子大都是简单句，句子结构简单，多用主动语态，且有一些结构不完整的句子，如：“A lot, yes.”，“Impressive stuff!”，“One last question.”等。
3. 口头语篇的信息通常不像书面语篇那样密集，这通常与口头语篇中简单句居多有关。
4. 口头语篇的话题转换比较频繁，且衔接手段比较少，这使得口头语篇看上去不像书面语篇那样连贯。
whose引导的非限制性定语从句，对Dr Richard Fairhurst进行补充说明。
I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst, whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been published.
has been published 现在完成时的被动语态。
【句意】今晚的嘉宾是Richard Fairhurst博士，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。
2. It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions, but many people might think that the great age of invention is over.
它表明现在是发明的新时代，但可能很多人认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束。
suggest v. to communicate or show an idea or feeling without stating it directly or giving proof (间接)表明；暗示
其后的宾语从句不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气。
to mention an idea, possible plan or action for other people to consider 提议，建议
suggest sth.，suggest (one’s) doing sth，suggest + that从句
that引导的两个宾语从句
but连接的并列复合句
that从句中用“(should)+动词原形”
eg Opinion polls suggest that only 10% of the population trusts the government.
民意调查显示只有10% 的人口信任这届政府。
She suggested a new teaching method to us.
她建议我们(采用)一种新的教学方法。
In the case of students, I suggest that they (should) extend their horizons out beyond their school and books.
就学生来讲，我建议他们将他们的视野拓展到学校与书本之外。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) He takes classes every week, but his attitude suggests he ________ (be) not really interested in these subjects.
2) I suggested to him that he ___________ (pay) attention to his health.
3) We suggested __________ (参观) that factory the next day.
4) Her expression suggested that _________ ________ ________ (她生气了).
is
(should) pay
visiting
she was angry
find + 宾语 +宾语补足语，此处介词短语作宾补。
3. And now, we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.
现在，我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
宾语补足语还可以是名词、形容词、副词、动词不定式、动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式。如：
You will find it a difficult task.
Did you find him very bright
We went to her house but we found her out.
When we arrived, we found him in bed.
They found her to be attractive.
We found him working in the garden.
When he came home he found the door closed.
【语境应用】 根据以上句型仿写下列句子。
1) 那个人发现他的家乡被彻底摧毁了。
2) 他们在森林中发现他受伤了。
The man found his hometown entirely destroyed.
They found him injured in the forest.
4. So are most of the new great inventions tech-based
所以大多数新发明都是以技术为基础的吗？
tech-based: using or involving technology 以技术为基础的
eg Investors were accused of not giving new tech-based companies enough support.
投资者被指控没有给予新的以技术为本的公司足够的支持。
合成形容词
5. For example advances in virtual reality and wearable tech, as well as the flexible battery, mean we should soon be seeing further developments.
例如，在虚拟现实和可穿戴设备，还有柔性电池的进步，这就意味着不久之后我们就能看到更进一步的发展。
as well as: 也；还；既……(又……)用作连词，连接并列成分，此时as well as 通常不位于句首。
eg The plane brought them the medicine as well as the concern of the relatives.
飞机给他们带来了药物，也带来了亲人们的关怀。
as well as连接并列的主语时，该句的谓语动词与as well as前面的主语在人称和数上保持一致。类似用法的词汇还有along with, together with, besides, except等。
eg He, as well as his children, is sensitive.
他和他的孩子们都很敏感。
as well as：和……一样好，表示同级比较，well是副词。
eg He can operate the machine as well as I do.
他操作这台机器和我一样熟练。
【拓展】as well“又，也”，常用于句末，作状语。
eg I'd like a cup of coffee and a glass of water as well.
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Mary, as well as her friends, ______ (be) going to have a picnic next weekend.
2) We are painting the walls as well as _________ (repair) the roof.
is
repairing
用as well或as well as填空。
1) He grows flowers _____________ vegetables.
2) Linda likes singing ____________, and she sings ____________ her mother.
3) Mr. Wang, _____________ his wife and daughter is going to the Great Wall this weekend.
as well as
as well
as well as
as well as
flexible adj. that can bend easily without breaking 易弯曲的; 柔韧的
easily changed to suit new conditions 可变通的; 灵活的
eg Leather and rubber are flexible, glass and iron are not.
皮革和橡胶都是易弯曲的，玻璃和铁则不然。
There should be more flexible teaching methods to obtain the best teaching effect.
为达到最佳的教学效果应该采用灵活的教学方法。
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Mothers holding jobs outside the home should ________
_______________ (有灵活的时间安排) to make it easier to care for their children.
2) Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people __________________________ (灵活的锻炼选择).
have
flexible schedules
flexible options to exercise
6. In addition, important advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing computer power.
此外，还在医学和环境科学方面取得了重大进步，这些多亏了不断增强的计算机能力。
in addition: used for adding information to a statement
此外(还)，另外，相当于副词besides；单独作状语
eg The hot weather affected many areas. In addition (=Besides), crops failed in many provinces.
炎热的天气影响了许多地区。此外，在许多地方庄稼也没有收成。
in addition to ... 除……之外（还有），其后要接名词、代词或动名词作宾语，to是介词
eg In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.
除英语外，他还得学第二外语。
In addition to a large collection of scientific works in Chinese，our library contains many scientific books in foreign languages．
我们图书馆除了藏有大批中文科技书籍之外，还有许多外文科技书籍。
【拓展】
【语境应用】用in addition或in addition to填空。
1) ________________ some picture books, we still need some storybooks.
2) My grandma gave us sandwiches for our picnic and a bag of cookies ______________.
3) It’s too late to invite any more people. ____________, you know how my mother hates parties.
4) He speaks French _______________ English.
In addition to
in addition
In addition
in addition to
thanks to: because of 幸亏，由于，因为 to是介词，作原因状语eg Thanks to my teacher, I finished the essay.
多亏了我的老师，我才能完成这篇论文。
常见的表示原因的短语还有：because of, as a result of。
eg I had to move because of my job.
因为工作的原因，我必须得搬家。
Many people are now homeless as a result of the civil war.
由于这场内战，许多人都无家可归了。
【语境应用】翻译句子。
1) 由于你的帮助，我们成功了。
2) 因为下雨他们没有爬山。
3) 因有雾该航班晚点。
Thanks to your help, we succeeded.
They didn’t climb the mountain because of the rain.
The flight was delayed as a result of fog.
7. New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
新的像3D打印机这样的发明已经被用来制造替代心脏和骨骼。
be used to do 被用来做
形近词
used to do 过去常常做某事
be used to do sth 被用来做某事
be used to doing 习惯于做某事
【语境应用】用used to或be used to的适当形式填空。
1) Dialogue __________ make the story more real to the readers.
2) Henry __________ the cold weather after he lived there for two years.
3) She __________ call her mother every week but now she calls only occasionally.
4) I _____________ drink tea, but now I __________ drinking tea.
is used to
was used to
used to
didn’t used to
am used to
8. In terms of the environment, it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
就环境而言，现在，创造一座智能可行走的房子是可能的。
in terms of 就……而言，从……的角度，根据，依照
eg It can not be measured in terms of money.
这是不能用金钱衡量的。
It is a small country both in terms of size and population.
就面积和人口而言，它都是个小国。
in the long/short term 从长期/短期来看
be on good/ bad terms with sb 与某人关系好/ 不好
【语境应用】根据汉语意思用term的相关短语完成句子。
1) 就薪水而言，这份工作倒是不错，但是它也有一些缺点。
The job is great _______________ salary, but it also has some disadvantages.
2) 从长期来看，他们所做的事情对环境是有利的。
What they have done is good for the environment __________________.
in terms of
in the long term
9. It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places, with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”。
capable adj. having the ability or qualities necessary for doing sth. 有……能力的
able to do things well 能力强的，能干的
eg I'm perfectly capable of doing it myself, thank you.
谢谢，我完全有能力自己做。
capable hands 高手，能手
computer v. to calculate sth. 计算；估算
eg The losses were computed at $5 million.
损失估算为500万美元。
10. … huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly.
太阳能技术的巨大进步也意味着它可以很环保。
eco-friendly =environmentally friendly
eco-
ecology n.生态学
ecotourism 生态旅游
ecosystem 生态系统
eco-activist 环保人士
11. So what is it that inspires us to invent things
那么，是什么激励我们去发明东西呢？
what is it that…是强调句型的特殊疑问句形式。
强调句基本结构：It is/was +被强调部分+ that(指人可用who) …
被强调的一般是主语、宾语和状语。
eg It was in the street that I met Li Na.
It was Li Na that/who I met in the street.
It was me that/who met Li Na in the street.
Was it in the office that he saw you just now
(强调句的一般疑问句结构)
12. But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention.
但是，重要的是，我们对思考和创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这是真正的发明的精神。
what remains important是what引导的主语从句。
that we have an incredible desire to think and create是that引导的表语从句。
have a desire to do sth 有做某事的渴望，to think and create是不定式作定语。
desire n. a strong hope or wish 渴望；欲望；渴求
desire for sth、desire of doing sth、desire to do sth.
desire that从句，谓语动词常用“(should) +动词原形”
have a desire for/ to do sth 渴望得到某物/做某事
have no desire for/ to do sth 不想得到某物/不想做某事
eg He has a strong desire for knowledge.
The young man has a desire of going abroad.
A desire to see her again came upon him.
They expressed a desire that I (should) do it at once.
desire vt. wish for (sth); want 希望得到；想要
desire to do sth 渴望做某事
desire that… 渴望……
desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事
eg The house had everything you could desire.
这房子你要什么有什么。
I have long desired to meet them.
我早就渴望见到他们了。
The president desired that you (should) visit him the next week.
总统要你下周去见他。
【语境应用】根据汉语意思补全下面句子（每空一词）。
1) We all ________ ________ ________ ________ (想要幸福和健康).
2) I have long ________ ________ ________ ________ (渴望见到他们).
3) As far as I know, he ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (对财富无欲望).
4) Tom told me that they ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ (要我快点回来).
desire happiness and health
desired to see them
has no desire for
desired me to return
soon
wealth
There are so many plots in movies or novels about the time machine. Do you believe people can invent the machine one day If there would be a time machine, where would you go To the past or the future
Homework
1. Can you describe what have changed the way we live over time
2. Whether the great age of invention is over Why or why not
3. Can you list the inventions of today mentioned in the interview
4. What inspires people to invent things
5. Have you developed an interest in inventing things
Self-evaluation