人教版(PEP)小学英语六年级下册语法专题之形容词的比较级和最高级 课件(共68张PPT)

(共68张PPT)
形容词和副词的
比较级和最高级
The dog is bigger than the mouse.
The horse is the biggest of all.
Do you know these animals
Which one is bigger
Which one is the biggest
你了解比较级和最高级多少呢？
什么叫形容词？
用以修饰名词，表示事物的特征的词。如：long, tall, short，cheap, hungry…...
一般来说，中文意思是“……的”的词是形容词。
什么叫副词？
用来修饰动词、形容词、其它副词、全句或名词词组及句子的词。如：very, early, quickly……中文意思“……地”的词是副词。
用 法 例 句
作表语 My mother is out.
作定语 The girl there is my friend.
作状语 He runs fast.
作宾补 I found him outside.
比较级的用法
比较级用于两者（人或事物）之间的比较，表示其中一个比另一个“更……”或“较……”，后面用连词than连接另一个所比较的人或事物。句型为：“A +形容词/副词的比较级 + than + B” ，意思为“A比B更……”。如：
1. That ruler is longer than this one.
2. Mary looks younger than me(I).
比较级的用法
注意：①在含有连词than的比较级中，前后的比较对象必须是同一范畴，即同类事物之间的比较 。
②在比较级前面使用much，表示程度程度“强得多”。如：
A watermelon is much bigger than an apple.
西瓜比苹果大得多。
She walks much faster than her younger brother.
她走路走得比她弟弟快得多。
③ very, quite一般只能修饰原级，不能修饰比较级。
Let’s fill in the blanks,
规则变化
不规则变化
比较级和最高级的变化
比较级和最高级的规则变化
1. 一般情况下在形容词或副词后加 -er（比较级）或 -est（最高级）
young-younger-youngest old-older-oldest
tall-taller-tallest small-smaller-smallest
你还能想到哪些这类的形容词或副词呢？
long-longer-longest
bright-brighter-brightest
young-younger-youngest
……
比较级和最高级的规则变化
2. 以字母e结尾的形容词，加 -r 或 -st
nice-nicer-nicest safe –safer-safest
你还能想到哪些这类的形容词或副词呢？
fine-finer-finest
wide-wider-widest
white-whiter-whitest
simple-simpler-simplest
……
比较级和最高级的规则变化
3. 重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母，再加-er或-est
big-bigger-biggest fat-fatter-fattest
你还能想到哪些这类的形容词或副词呢？
hot-hotter-hottest
red-redder-reddest
sad-sadder-saddest
thin-thinner-thinnest
……
比较级和最高级的规则变化
4. 以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的形容词，先改“y”为“i”，再加-er 或-est
early-earlier-earliest thirsty-thirstier-thirstiest
你还能想到哪些这类的形容词或副词呢？
easy-easier-easiest
lazy-lazier-laziest
heavy-heavier-heaviest
……
比较级和最高级的规则变化
5. 部分双音节词或多音节词前面加more, most
famous-more famous-most famous
interesting-more interesting-most interesting
你还能想到哪些这类的形容词或副词呢？
slowly-more slowly-most slowly
beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful
wonderful-more wonderful-most wonderful
……
比较级和最高级的不规则变化
需个别记忆：两好、两坏、两多、 一少、一老 、一远.
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
old older/elder oldest/eldest
随堂检测
young
long
full
short
small
old
fine
easy
hungry
early
younger youngest
longer longest
fuller fullest
shorter shortest
smaller smallest
older oldest
finer finest
easier easiest
hungrier hungriest
earlier earliest
随堂检测
heavy
big
many
famous
ill
exciting
wet
hot
little
heavier heaviest
bigger biggest
more most
more famous most famous
worse worst
more exciting most exciting
wetter wettest
hotter hottest
less least
原级的用法
修饰原级的词：very, quite, so, too. 如：
1) He is too tired to walk on.
他太累了以至于不能再继续走了。
2) My brother runs so fast that I can’t follow him.
我弟弟跑得那么快以至于我跟不上他.
3) His handwriting is very good.
他的书法很好。（一个人不作比较。）
比较级的用法
1. 含义：表示两者的比较时用比较级。
句型为：“A+形容词或副词的比较级+than+B”，意思为“A比B更……”。
如：Liu Xiang is taller than Jim.
2. 修饰比较级的词有：much, a lot, far, a little, a bit一点, even甚至，still仍然。句型为：A + 行为动词 + 副比 + than + 物体B. 如：
比较级的用法
1) Tom looks even younger than before.
汤姆甚至比以前更年轻。
2) This train runs much faster than that one.
这辆火车比那辆跑地快。
3) She drives still more carefully than her husband.
她开车仍然比她丈夫还认真。
比较级的用法
3. 句型为：“比较级+and+比较级”，表示“越来越……”。如：
1) He is getting taller and taller.
他变得越来越高了。
2) The flowers are more and more beautiful.
花儿越来越漂亮。
3) He does his homework more and more carefully.
他做作业越来越认真了。
比较级的用法
4. 句型为：“the+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……，越……”。如：
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you’ll make.
你越认真犯的错误越少。
The more she learns, the more she wants to learn.
她越学就越想学。
The harder you work, the greater progress you will make.
你越努力，进步就越大。
比较级的用法
5. 疑问句+动词+比较级，A or B 如：
Who draws better, Tom or Jim
谁画得更好？Tom还是Jim
6. 句型为：Which …like better, A or B 如：
Which do you like better, maths or English
数学和英语，你更喜欢哪门学科？
最高级的用法
1. 含义：形容词、副词的最高级形式主要用来表示三者或三者以上人或事物的比较，表示“最……”的意思。句子中有表示范围的词或短语。最高级前一般要用定冠词the，句中一般有一个表示比较范围的介词of或in短语。
of后面一般接表示一群人或事物的代词或名词；
in后面一般接表示每一单位或场所的名词。
如：
最高级的用法
1) She is the youngest of the three children.
她是三个孩子里最小的。
2) Of all the boys in our class Tom is the youngest.
我们班上所有的男生中，Tom的年纪最小。
3) Tom is the tallest in his class.
Tom is the tallest of all the students.
汤姆是他们班上/所有学生当中最高的。
最高级的用法
2. 最高级的用法;
1) A + am / are / is + the + 形容词最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in +地方）
I am the tallest in the class.
我是班上最高的。
Pasta is the most delicious food of the three.
意大利面是这三样食物中最好吃的。
最高级的用法
2) A + 行为动词 + 副词最高级 + 比较范围（of + 人/物，in + 地方）
He studies best of us.
他是我们当中学习最好的。
This pair of shoes sells best in the shopping mall.
这双鞋子在这个百货中卖得最好。
最高级的用法
3) 形容词的最高级要加定冠词the , 副词最高级可省略the, 主要句型有: the + 最高级 + of / in。 如：
Jim works hardest of us all.
My mother is the busiest in my family.
最高级的用法
4. “特殊疑问词 + be + the + 最高级 + 甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。如：
Which country is the largest, China, Japan or Canada？
哪一个国家最大，中国，日本还是加拿大？
最高级的用法
5.“特殊疑问词 + be + the + 副词最高级 + 甲，乙，or丙？”用于三者以上的比较。如：
Which season do you like (the) best, spring, summer or autumn？
你最喜欢哪一个季节，春天，夏天还是秋天？
最高级的用法
6. “主语 + be + one of the + 形容词最高级 + 复数名词 + in / of 短语”表示“……是……中最……之一”。如：
Beijing is one of the largest cities in China.
北京是中国最大城市之一。
比较级和最高级的几个注意点
1. 比较应在同类事物中进行，避免双重比较。
2. 比较级和最高级前的修饰语不可误用。
3. 区别好最高级中介词in与of 的使用：
①in表示“在…内（指某范围内）”可跟表示单位、组织、时间等单数名词.
②of表示属性（指在同类的人、物中）后可接the +基数词 / the +基数词+名词复数 / all +the +复数名词/all。
4. 形容词的最高级前要用the。
随堂检测
一. 单项选择。
1. I don’t know which is _____, so I’ll take them both.
A. good B. better
C. best D. the best
答案：B
解析：从后半句so I’ll take them both得知只有两样事物，可以排除C和D，结合意思和语境，需要比较级，故选B。
随堂检测
一. 单项选择。
2. Can you do your work with_____ money and _____ people
A. less; few B. less; fewer
C. little; less D. few; less
答案：B
解析：根据句意和语境得知，此处需要用比较级，and前后的成分需要一致，little的比较级是less，few的比较级是fewer。故选B。
随堂检测
二. 改错。
1. I’m tall than you.
答案：将tall改成taller
解析：than是比较级的标志词，这里只有两个人进行比较，tall是规则性的形容词，在后面加er即可。
随堂检测
二. 改错。
2. He is more younger than me.
答案：将more younger改成younger
解析：此句只有两个人进行比较，考查形容词的比较级，young是单音节的形容词，比较级直接在后面加r即可，more用于多音节的形容词或副词中，如beautiful等。
随堂检测
二. 改错。
3. You’re shortest in our school.
答案：将shortest改成the shortest
解析：此句考查形容词的最高级用法，in表示三者后以上的人或事物进行比较，要用最高级，short为形容词，形容词的最高级前面要加the。
随堂检测
二. 改错。
4. Who is the fattest, you or me
答案：将the fattest改成fatter
解析：从you or me 得知句子考查形容词的比较级，题目错在用了最高级，应用比较级。
一. 单项选择。
1. Which does Jimmy like______, Chinese or Art
A. well B. best C. better D. much
2. The Chang Jiang River is one of ______ in the world.
A. the longest river B. longest rivers
C. the longest rivers D. longer rivers
3. ______of the two women is Mrs. Brown.
A. The beautiful B. The more beautiful
C. More beautiful D. The most beautiful
4. My mooncake is nicer ______ his.
A. like B. with C. for D. than
5. You are fatter than______.
A. he B. his C. him D. he is tall
6. He jumps ______of the three.
A. far B. further C. farthest D. furthest
7. My hair is longer than______.
A. my sister B. Kate C. my brother’s D. Lucys’
8. There are ______ paper here .Please bring some.
A. little B. less C. fewer D. a little
9. The pen is ______ than that one.
A. more cheap B. cheap C. much cheaper D. quite cheaper
10. Tom speaks Chinese ______ better than Jimmy.
A. more B. very C. a lot of D. much
11. There are ______ girls in Class Two than in Class Four.
A. more B. nicest C. most D. best
12. It’s too ______ for you to do that.
A. easy B. more dangerous
C. harder D. the easiest
13. Who has ______ apples now, Jim, Lily or Lucy
A. much B. biggest
C. better D. the most
14. You have more rulers than me. But ______ are nicer than______ .
A. mine, yours B. mine, your
C. my, yours D. my, your
15. Tingting is ______ than Meimei, but Meimei is ______ than Tingting.
A. tall, stronger B. taller, strongest
C. tallest, strong D. taller, stronger
答案：1-5. CCBDA 6-10. CCACD 11-15. AADAD
二. 根据括号的单词的适当形式填空。
1. Tom is ______ (tall) than Jim.
2. Li Lei is the ______(young) boy in his class.
3. Who is ______ (thin),you or Helen Helen is.
4. Whose pencil-box is ______ (big), yours or hers
答案：1. taller 2. youngest 3. thinner 4. bigger
5. Ben jumps ______ (high) than some of the boys in his class.
6. Does Nancy sing ______ (well) than Helen Yes, she does.
7. My eyes are ______(big) than hers.
8. Which is ______ (heavy), the elephant ,the chicken or the pig
答案：5. higher 6. better 7. bigger 8. the heaviest
三. 根据短文内容判断正（T）误（F）
Dear Sally,
How are you Thank you for your letter (信). I know a lot about you and your school. Now I will let you know something about my school and me.
I’m thirteen years old. I’m in Class Five, Grade Seven in Yang Zhou Secondary School. My father is a good doctor. He is very helpful. All the nurses like him. My mother is a teacher. She teaches English. She is friendly to her students.
Our school is very small, but it is very nice. There are one hundred and fifty teachers and 1500 students in it. All the teachers and students work hard and we feel happy every day.
Welcome to my school. May you be happy! I want to see you soon.
Yours,
Yang Li
1. The letter is from Sally to her friend Yang Li.
2. Yang Li tells Sally something about her school and her in the letter.
3. Yang Li’s mother is a good doctor.
4. There are 150 teachers and 1500 students in Yang Li’s school.
5. Yang Li likes her school very much.
答案：1-5. FTFTT
游戏规则：根据图片所给的提示，结合学过的知识进行抢答，答对计分，最高分者将得到老师的奖励哦。让我们一起比赛吧！
Let’s play a game!
Baobao
one year old
Beibei
three months old
Beibei is _________ than Baobao.
younger
young
Bill four years old
Lily seven years old
young
old
Bill is ___________ than Lily.
Lily is ___________________.
younger
older than Bill
Bill is __________ than Lily.
less old
the cat
the monkey
lovely
The cat is ____________________________.
lovelier than the monkey
The monkey is _____________than the cat.
less lovely
a tiger
a horse
big
small
A tiger is _______________________.
A horse _________________________.
bigger than a horse
is smaller than a tiger
A horse _________________________.
is less big than a tiger
形容词比较级的变化规则
构 成 方 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
单音节词和少数双音节词 一般在词尾加-er / /或-est /ist/ tall taller tallest
fast faster fastest
以字母e结尾的形容词，加-r 或-st nice nicer nicest
以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写这个辅音字母；再加-es或-est big bigger biggest
thin thinner thinnest
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的词，先改“y”为“i”,再加-er或-est easy easier easiest
early earlier earliest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词前加more或most beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
interesting more interesting most interesting
不规则形容词的比较级最高级
原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
good / well better best
many / much more most
little less least
ill / bad / badly worse worst
far farther / further farthest / furthest
old older / elder oldest / eldest
1. 形容词和副词的含义；
2. 形容词和副词的规则变化和常见的不规则变化；
3. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级，重点掌握形容词的比较级。
小 结
一. 单项选择。
1. The bread is ______ than these cakes.
A. very delicious B. much delicious
C. more delicious D. as delicious
2. Lin Tao jumped ______ in the long jump in the school sports meeting
A. far B. farther
C. farthest D. quite far
课后作业
3. When they met in the hotel. They talked and laughed ______.
A. happily B. happy
C. happier D. happiest
4. In our city it’s ______ in July, but it is even ______ in August.
A. hotter; hottest B. hot; hot
C. hotter; hot D. hot; hotter
课后作业
5. Hainan is a very large Island. It is the second ______ island in china.
A. large B. larger
C. largest D. most largest
6. An elephant is ______ than a tiger.
A. heavy B. very heavy
C. the heaviest D. heavier
课后作业
7. A horse is ______ than a dog.
A. much heavy B. more heavier
C. much heavier D. more heavy
8. Emma always makes a lot of mistakes. She is ______.
A. care B. careful
C. carefully D. careless
课后作业
9. Which subject is ______, physics or chemistry
A. interesting B. most interesting
C. more interesting D. the most interesting
10. He is ______enough to carry the heavy box.
A. strong B. stronger
C. much stronger D. the strongest
课后作业
二. 同义句转换。
1. He is the tallest student in his class.
He is ______ ______ ______ ______ student in his class.
He is ______ ______ ______ ______ students in his class.
2. Peter draws well, Lilei draws better.
Lilei draws ______ of the two.
课后作业
3. The tractor goes faster than the bike.
The bike goes ______ ______ than the tractor.
4. His cakes dearer than the twins’ cakes.
His cake is ______ ______ of the three.
课后作业
三. 完型填空。
This is Ann. She’s ___1___ America. Her ___2___ name is Wang Jingjing. She is 19. Her father is a ___3___ . His name is Harry Smith. He works in a middle school. Mrs. Smith is a doctor. She works in a ___4___ .
1. A. in B. from C. at
2. A. family B. English C. Chinese
3. A. teacher B. worker C. doctor
4. A. bank B. shop C. hospital
课后作业
Ann is now in ___5___ . She studies in Tianjin University. She studies Chinese and she can speak it very well. She lives ___6___ a girl. Her name is Lily. She’s from England. Lily is in Grade 1, so she can ___7___ only a little Chinese. She studies computer. The two girls can play together after school.
5. A. America B. China C. England
6. A. with B. and C. from
7. A. speak B. say C. talk
课后作业
Lily likes white best, so ___8___ favorite season is ___9___ because it snows. Look! Here is her cat. Its name is Mimi. It is a very cute cat and they like to play with ___10___ .
8. A. she B. her C. herself
9. A. spring B. autumn C. winter
10. A. its B. them C. it
课后作业
一. 单项选择。
1-5. CCADC 6-10. DCDCA
二. 同义句转换。
1. taller than any other; taller than the other
2. better 3. more slowly 4. the dearest
三. 完型填空。
1-5. BCACB 6-10. BCACB
参考答案