安徽怀宁县2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解精练及答案（6份打包）

安徽怀宁县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解精练及参考答案
阅读理解。
Photographs are everywhere. They decorate (装饰) the walls of homes and are used in stores for sales of different goods. The news is filled with pictures of fires, floods, and special events. Photos record the beauties of nature. They can also bring things close that are far away. Through photos, people can see wild animals, cities in foreign lands, and even the stars in outer space. Photos also tell stories.
Reporting the news through photos is called photojournalism. At times photojournalists tell their stories through a single picture. At other times, they use a group of pictures to tell a story. Each picture is like a chapter in a book, which can do more than record the facts. It can also be a strong force for social change.
Jacob Riis was among the first photojournalists. He took pictures of parts of New York City where the poor lived. Riis believed that poverty(贫穷)caused crime, and he used photos to help him prove his point. A few years later, the photos of small children working in factories by Lewis Hine shocked the public. Hine’s pictures helped bring about laws to protect such children.
Hundreds of pictures may have to be taken in order to get one or two really good photos. It takes science to have the photo come out clearly and art to make a photo that has a good design and expresses feeling. Photojournalists make an actual record of what they see. A photo, however, can be both a work of art and an actual record. It can record an important event as a beautiful or exciting picture.
As historical and artistic documents(文献) ,photos can become more important over time. Today photojournalists still have their pictures appear in newspapers and magazines. They also publish(发表) them in books and on the Internet.
1. The underlined word “They” in the first paragraph refers to .
A. beauties B. photos C. goods D. events
2. The photos of the small children by Hine show us that photos .
A. are also works of art B. are popular ways of reporting news
C. often shock the public D. can serve as a force for social change
3. What can we learn from the passage?
A. News with pictures is encouraging. B. Photos help people improve their life.
C. News photos mean history in a sense. D. People prefer reading news with pictures.
4. The text is mainly about .
A. telling the story through pictures B. decorating the walls of homes
C. publishing historical papers D. expressing feeling through pictures
【参考答案】1—4、B D C A
【2013】阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Guest Services
Front Gate Guest Services can help you with anything from finding out what time your favourite show starts to purchasing tickets.The Guest Services location inside Front Gate also serves as a message centre，lost children's area and lost and found.Canada's Wonderland does not offer personalized public paging(传呼)．
Food&Drink Options
Shops are located throughout Canada's Wonderland.Picnic baskets and coolers are welcome at the shelter located outside Wonderland on the north side of our Front Gate.Outside food and drinks are not allowed in the Park.Bottled water may be brought into the Park.
ATMs
ATMs are located just inside the Park beside Stroller，Locker and Wheelchair Rentals at the Front Gate，as well as KidZville(beside Guest Services)，Splash Works(two locations)，and outside Thunder Run.
Pet Care
A pet care facility is located outside our Front Gate on the south side for a daily fee.Water and air－conditioned shelters are provided.Guests are asked to provide food and exercise.
First Aid
If you need medical assistance，tell any park employee who will call First Aid and have them come to your location.
Stroller，Locker and Wheelchair Rentals
Stroller, locker and wheelchair rentals are available inside the Park at the Front Gate, beside Thrills Are Wonderland.
Smoking Policy
Smoking is not permitted while riding or standing in line for rides or in any of the children's areas or the Water Park. Smoking is permitted in designated(指定的)areas only.
Failure to observe all Park rules could result in being driven out of the Park without refund.
56.The leaflet is to inform visitors of the Park's________.
A．advanced management
B．thrill performances
C．entertainment facilities
D．thoughtful services
57．A visitor to the Park can ________．
A．rent a stroller outside Front Gate
B．ask for first aid by Thunder Run
C．smoke in the Water Park
D．leave his pet at KidZville
【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文，是加拿大游乐园的旅游指导宣传页。作者通过描述游客服务、饮食选择、ATM机服务、宠物的照料、急救、婴儿车、储物柜和轮椅的租用及吸烟的规定等方面，为游客的旅游提供全方位的指导服务。
56．D　细节理解题。文章主要介绍了游乐园的顾客服务，有饮食选择、宠物护理、急救措施等周到的服务，故选D项。
57．B　细节理解题。根据First Aid一栏中的信息可知，来园的游客可以要求急救，故选B项。而A项应是在前门内；C项应是在指定的区域可以吸烟，而不是在水上公园；D项中宠物应留在前门外并要求游客提供食物，故A、C和D错。
【2013】阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Joshua, Helmut, and Bethlehem
Michelle O. Donovan
ISBN 9781462058679
Life is not easy for nine－year－old Joshua during World War Ⅱ. Because of his family's Jewish background, they are sent to live in the concentration camps(集中营). Scared and alone, Joshua one day makes friends with a little mouse he calls Bethlehem who becomes his closest friend.
More Things in Heaven
Bill Bosworth
ISBN 9780595433582
In his More Things in Heaven, Bill Bosworth presents the highlights of his 83 years of life, including his trips to India and the study of the writings of several great spiritual leaders.
More Things in Heaven will appeal to anyone who insists on finding the deepest meaning for their existence based on their own experiences.
Encourage Me!
Inspirational Poetry
Gloria Coykendall
ISBN 9781412027854
It is an easy－to－read collection of poems originally written to encourage in faith and to be a cure for chronic depression(长期抑郁)…cure to strengthen identity and purpose.
Seeking the Edge
Dr. Joseph L. Rose
ISBN 9781462031795
Seeking the Edge provides the tools and techniques to find that edge in one's life—driving readers to achieve success whether in your current job, finding a new job, in education, family, or even hobbies.
Creation or Evolution
Michael Ebifegha
ISBN 9781450289023
Were humans created, or did they evolve? How old is the Earth? The debate between science and religion continues to be heated. In Creation or Evolution, Michael Ebifegha examines these two opposed world views within the structure of empirical(实证的) science.
46.Who wrote the story about a little boy and a little mouse?
A．Bill Bosworth.
B．Michelle O. Donovan.
C．Dr. Joseph L. Rose.
D．Gloria Coykendall.
47．The ISBN for the book of poems is________．
A．9781462031795 B．9781412027854
C．9780595433582 D．9781462058679
48．What kind of readers will probably like reading More Things in Heaven?
A．Those who are searching for the meaning of life.
B．Those who are trying to be spiritual leaders.
C．Those who study the art of writing.
D．Those who like traveling abroad.
49．Which of the following books explores the origin of humans?
A．Seeking the Edge.
B．Creation or Evolution.
C．Joshua, Helmut, and Bethlehem.
D．More Things in Heaven.
【要点综述】 本文是一篇广告，介绍了5本书的书名﹑作者﹑ISBN(国际标准书号)和内容提要。
46．B　细节理解题。根据第一本书的内容提要的最后一句可知本题选B。
47．B　细节理解题。由Encourage Me！的ISBN号可知本题选B。
48．A　推理判断题。根据本书内容提要中的最后一句可知，本书适合于那些要探索人生的真正含义的读者，选A。
49．B　细节理解题。根据第5本书的书名和内容提要可知本题选B。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014试题】
Regardless of their family background, the children’s reactions to new environments have struck the public.
In one episode of Dad! , the five-year-old daughter of former Olympic diving champion Tian Liang cries and hides behind her father when they arrive at a rural village. In an episode of the other series, a young girl in Tianjin breaks down into a tearful fit after being asked by her father to go out alone to buy eggs and a pancake.
In the eyes of some observers, these kids show no sense of independence, and the reason is put down to parents who are overly sheltering. But television viewers and parents were heartened when the sobbing Tianjin girl finally wiped away her tears as she returned holding the pancake. In the case of Tian’s daughter, she eventually began to take care of her younger companions and learned to seek help from people she didn’t know.
The father of the Tianjin girl felt “delightfully shocked” and said. “She used to have to be accompanied by her mother or grandmother. Now she has the courage to do it all by herself. ”
The shows have led many parents to change how they raise their children. Shanghai mother Liang Jing said she would try to “give some training” to her shy son, asking him to tidy up his toys. Lin Yi, a parenting expert in Beijing, said giving kids a chance to do things for themselves helps to raise their sense of achievement, which carries benefits throughout their lives. ”
28. What attracts the audience’s eyes in the programs?
A. What the kids’ family background is like.
B. Where children’s real comfort zone is.
C. How children react to new environments.
D. Why those children are independent.
29. What is Tian Liang’s daughter expected to do in the show?
A. Go out to buy something alone.
B. Hide in a safe place to avoid a danger.
C. Make friends with strange adults.
D. Live in a rural village with her father.
30. It can be inferred from the underline words “delightfully shocked” that .
A. father is more important than mother in a family
B. children deserve a chance to be independent
C. parents should provide a safe environment
D. the children are as fragile as parents expected
31. The shows are bound to raise a wave of discussion about .
A. protecting good traditions B. the social safety
C. approaches to parenting D. the influence of TV programmes
【参考答案】CDBC
安徽怀宁县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解精练及答案
2016高考训练题。阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Like many old towns in the forested valleys of the Northwest, Albany, Ore, has seen its share of ups and downs over the years, but when the local economy began to decline some 15 years ago, the downs seemed to outnumber the ups.
"Albany was changing completely. We had to find a way to reinvent ourselves," says Wendy Kirbey, the former owner of a coffee shop downtown. So in 2002,Kirbey,69,proposed (提议) a project she hoped would help her town rediscover its pride: a Victorian-style carousel (旋转木马),the animals carved by the townspeople themselves.
"It felt like the perfect fit for our historical town," she says. Despite a sceptical city council (议会) and a starting budget of only $ 150,Kfrbey and a handful of volunteers got to work.
Ten years later, more than 300 people have spent nearly 150,000 hours on the Albany Carousel, making a lively herd of unusual creatures. Each of the 52 animals has been "adopted" by a sponsor, who oversees its creation and often adds a personal touch.
The project has shown the diverse skills and creative talents of Albany (pop. 50,000). "The amazing thing about this attempt is that whenever we’ve needed something, it’s been provided for us," says Kirbey. "Somebody's aunt knows somebody's uncle who comes down to lend a hand".
Kirbey says it will take two more years to complete the project. But the carousel is already working its magic. "It is our town’s No. 1 attraction," says Rod Porsche of the Albany Visitors Association. As the animals are completed, they're put on show in local hotels, restaurants and shops; people who come to see the fantastical figures around town and tour the workshop (as many as 2,000 visitors a month) are helping Albany with its economic recovery. "I can’t imagine how great it’s going to be when the carousel is up and running," Porsche says.
1. What can we learn about the carousel?
A. It cost a fortune. B. It looks very modern.
C. It received support from all walks of life. D. It took ten years to build.
2. By saying the underlined sentence, Kirbey wants to tell us_______ .
A. the townspeople are closely linked B. it is a small world
C. uncles and aunts make great efforts D. help is at hand
3. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Porsche has made an outstanding contribution to Albany.
B. Porsche is sceptical of the town-s attractions.
C. Porsche has made many friends through the project.
D. Porsche thinks highly of the project.
4. The text is mainly about_______.
A. how a struggling town found a way to create a little magic B. the ups and downs of Albany
C. how the carousel would help a town recover its culture D. the creative talents of Albany
参考答案1—4、CDDA
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A popular saying goes, “Sticks and stone may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” However, that’s not really true. Words have the power to build us up or tear us down. It doesn’t matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves – the positive and negative effects are just as lasting.
We all talk to ourselves sometimes. We’re usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. But we really shouldn’t be, because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.
This “self-talk” helps us motivate ourselves, remember things, solves problems, and calm ourselves down. Beware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. So in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. We should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. The next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying, “Good job!”
Words possess power because of their lasting effects. Many of us regret something we once said. And we remember unkind words said to us! Before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: Is it true? Is it loving? Is it needed? If what we want to say doesn’t pass this test, then it’s better left unsaid.
Words possess power: both positive and negative. Those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. We can offer hope, build self-esteem(自尊) and motive others to do their best. Negative words destroy all those things. Will we use our words to hurt or to heal? The choice is ours.
1．The author argues in the first paragraph that ________.
A．words will never hurt us at all B．words have lasting effects on us
C．positive effects last longer than negative effects
D．negative words last longer than positive effects
2．Why should we not feel embarrassed when talking to ourselves?
A．Almost everybody has the habit of talking to oneself.
B．It does harm to have “self-talk” when we are alone.
C．Talking to ourselves helps us to solve all the problems.
D．Talking to ourselves is believed to be good for our health.
3．The underlined phrase “give ourselves a pat on the back” in Paragraph 3 means _________.
A．blame ourselves??? B．punish ourselves C．praise ourselves?????? D．talk to ourselves
4．Which of the following statements would the author agree to?
A．It is better to think twice before talking to others.
B．It is impossible for unkind words to be forgotten.
C．Words always possess long positive effects.
D．Kind words are sometimes not needed at all.
【参考答案】1—4、BDCA
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
WASHINGTON – Barack Obama swept to victory as the first black president in the US history Tuesday night in an electoral college landslide that overcame racial barriers as old as America itself. "Change has come," he told a huge group of cheering supporters.
In his first speech as victor, Obama catalogued the challenges ahead. "The greatest of a lifetime," he said, "two wars, a planet in danger, the worst financial crisis in a century."
He added, "There are many who won't agree with every decision or policy I make as president, and we know that government can't solve every problem. But I will always be honest with you about the challenges we face."
The son of a black father from Kenya and a white mother from Kansas, the Democratic senator from Illinois sealed his historic triumph by defeating Republican Sen. John McCain in a string of wins in hard-fought battleground states -- Ohio, Florida, Virginia, Iowa and more.
In his speech, Obama invoked (引用) the words of Lincoln and echoed John F. Kennedy.
"So let us summon a new spirit of patriotism, of service and responsibility where each of us resolves to pitch in (努力投入) and work harder," he said.
He and his running mate, Joseph Biden of Delaware, will take their oaths（宣誓）of office as president and vice president on Jan. 20, 2009.
Obama will move into the Oval Office as leader of a country that is almost certainly in recession (不景气), and fighting two long wars, one in Iraq, the other in Afghanistan.
Obama has said his first order of presidential business will be to tackle the economy. He has also pledged to withdraw most US combat troops from Iraq within 16 months.
5. What is special about Barack Obama, the newly-elected president of the United States?
A. He has a black father and a white mother.
B. He is the first black president in the US history.
C. He defeated Republican Sen. John McCain easily.
D. He will move into the White Palace on Jan. 20, 2009.
6. What Obama emphasized in his first speech were ________.
A. dangers B. wars C. challenges D. financial problems
7. The first issue Obama will focus his attention on may probably be to ________.
A. withdraw most US combat troops from Iraq B. care for environmental protection
C. declare two wars in Iraq and Afghanistan D. deal with the problems of economy
8. According to the passage, Obama’s attitude toward the challenges he faces is ________.
A. positive B. negative C. ambiguous D. worried
【参考答案】5、B 6—8、CDA
阅读下列4篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
【2014高考英语模拟考试】
Busy as I am every day, I always open my computer and check my email. Most of the time I am simply doing finger exercises, another form of piano practice without beautiful tones. Sometimes, however, I receive a gift, reminding me of the gifts in my life. The following passage is one of those gifts.
Peter Jones is a 92-year-old, short, calm and proud man. Every morning he is fully dressed by eight o’clock, with his hair fashionably combed and face perfectly shaved even though hi is unable to see anything. He would move to a nursing home today. His wife of 70 years old has recently passed away, making the move necessary.
After hours of waiting patiently in the entrance hall of the nursing home, he smiled sweetly when told his room was ready. As he moved his walking stick skillfully to the elevator, the nurse provided a visual description of his tiny room. “I love it,” he stated with enthusiasm. “Mr. Jones, you haven’t been the room,” said the nurse.
“That doesn’t have anything to do with it,” he replied. “Happiness is something you decide on ahead of time. Whether I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged…it’s how I arrange my mind. I have already decided to love it. It’s a decision I make every morning when I wake up. I have a choice: I can spend the day in bed complaining of the difficulty I have with the parts of my body that no longer work, or get out of bed and be thankful for the ones that do.”
Each day is a gift, and as long as we are alive. We’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories we’ve stored just as Mr. Jones does.
46. What do we know about Mr. Jones ?
A. He is a blind but very neat. B. His wife died many years ago.
C. He likes playing the piano. D. His room in the nursing home is big.
47.How did Mr. Jones feel about his room in the nursing home?
A. worried B. curious C. disappointed D. content
48. The underlined word “it” in paragraph 4 refers to ________.
A. the furniture B. the room C. a decision D. a gift
49. What would be the best title for the text?
A. Each Day is a Gift B. Be Always Grateful
C. Living in a nursing room D. Arrange Your Mind Every Day
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】D
【小题3】B
【小题4】A
【解析】
试题分析：本文通过Mr Jones对待生活的乐观态度告诉我们每一天都是上帝给我们的礼物，我们都要乐观对待。
【小题1】A 细节题。根据文章第2段1,2行Peter Jones is a 92-year-old, short, calm and proud man. Every morning he is fully dressed by eight o’clock, with his hair fashionably combed and face perfectly shaved even though hi is unable to see anything.可知他的穿着很整洁，但是眼睛已经看不见了。故A正确。
【小题2】D 推理题。根据文章第3段1,2行As he moved his walking stick skillfully to the elevator, the nurse provided a visual description of his tiny room. “I love it,” he stated with enthusiasm可知他很喜欢养老院给他提供的房间。说明他是很满意的。故D正确。
【小题3】B 推理题。根据文章第4段1,2行. Whether I like my room or not doesn’t depend on how the furniture is arranged…it’s how I arrange my mind. I have already decided to love it.可知这里的it就是指前面一句中的my room。Jones在来之前就做出了决定要真正的喜欢这个房间。故B正确。
【小题4】A 主旨大意题。根据文章主题段最后一段Each day is a gift, and as long as we are alive. We’ll focus on the new day and all the happy memories we’ve stored just as Mr. Jones does可知本文通过Mr Jones对待生活的乐观态度告诉我们每一天都是上帝给我们的礼物，我们都要乐观对待。故A正确。
考点：考察人生感悟类短文阅读
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014高考英语模拟考试】
With the development of society, the choice of food and drinks for children is more diversified than ever before. However, every coin has two sides. Many facts suggest that children are overweight and the situation is getting worse, according to the statistics. I feel there are a number of reasons for this.
Some people blame the fact that we are surrounded by shops selling unhealthy, fatty foods, such as fried chicken and ice cream, at low prices. This has turned out a whole generation of grown-ups who seldom cook a meal for themselves. If there were fewer of these restaurants then probably children would buy less take-away food.
There is another argument that blames parents for allowing their children to become overweight. I agree to this, because good eating habits begin early in life, long before children start to visit fast food shops. If children are given fried chicken and chocolate rather than healthy food, or are always allowed to choose what they eat, they will go for sweet and salty foods every time, and this will carry on throughout their lives.
There is a third reason for this situation. Children these days take very little exercise. They do not walk to school. When they get home, they sit in front of the television or their computers. Not only is this an unhealthy pastime（消遣）, it also gives them time to eat more unhealthy food. What they need is to go outside and play active games or sports.
The above are the main reasons for this problem, and therefore we have to encourage young people to be more active, as well as guiding them away from fast food shops and bad eating habits.
50. What is suggested by the author to deal with “overweight”?
A. Blaming the shops selling unhealthy and fatty foods.
B. Asking young children to walk to school every day.
C. Living an active life and removing bad eating habits.
D. Not watching TV or playing computer games after school.
51. Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?
52. The author writes the passage to ______________
A. show people a social problem B. provide facts for government
C. advise solutions to a problem D. compare opinions with people
53. The underlined word “diversified” in the first paragraph most probably means ________.
A. various B. difficult C. expensive D. available
安徽怀宁县2016高考英语阅读理解精练及参考答案
2016高考训练题。阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
As a college student, I have planned my future career goals. I would like to work as a sales assistant in a computer company, then a sales manager and finally boss of my own company.
At the very beginning, I plan to find a job in a famous company producing computers, in which all the staff are fully happy at work and I can experience job satisfaction most of the time. Only such kind of company can provide me with good working atmosphere and eagerness to learn more so as to get well prepared for my future profession.
At first I want to be a sales assistant and always keep myself busy working in and out of the company, such as answering telephones, doing repair work, even cleaning the rooms. Although the salary may be low, I will seize every chance to learn from other staff. In my spare time, I will take some courses so as to get more qualifications and experience in this field. In three or five years, I am determined to become a sales manager who is responsible for the selling of the computers. I will interview as many customers as possible and do market research and improve our products. Meanwhile I will take care of my staff so as to make them eager to work to the best of their abilities.
As is known to us, it is hard to manage a company, but I will make every effort to achieve my goal step by step, and I am sure “There is nothing difficult in the world if you put your heart into it.”
1. If the writer has a company, his company will provide his staff with _______.
A. high wages
B. dormitories
C. some computers made in his company
D. good working atmosphere and eagerness
2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. The writer would like to be a sales assistant first.
B. The writer wants to set up a business of his own.
C. The writer makes his mind to be the president of a famous company producing computers.
D. The writer will take courses to get an MBA
3. A sales assistant should do the following EXCEPT ________ in the opinion of the writer.
A. answering telephones B. interviewing customers
C. cleaning the rooms D. doing repair work
4. The text is mainly about __________.
A. how to improve the writer’s abilities
B. how to achieve the writer’s future career goal
C. how to become a manager
D. how to become a sales manager
参考答案1—4、DCBB
【2014】
With only fish and birds for company, Eric Erden has been rowing across the Pacific Ocean to Australia in his 23-foot-long boat since he left California on July 10, 2009.
This is the first part of Eric’s trip around the world using only his own energy. He will row, bike, and walk without help from any motors at all. His plan includes climbing the tallest mountain on each of the six continents he visits, to honor the memory of a fellow climber.
He says he is doing this to show kids that they can achieve any goal, but he also hopes to have some great adventures along the way.
Storms and huge waves regularly force him in the wrong direction and even threaten to overturn his boat. “Sometimes I really feel scared,” says a somewhat embarrassed Eric. “But that’s part of the journey. I knew this wouldn’t be easy when I started.”
Protein bars give him energy, and he boils water to heat freeze-dried meals on a one-burner stove. A sun-powered machine removes salt from ocean water so he can drink it, but when that fails he sometimes tries to collect rainwater in a bucket.
He’s not bothered by any of the hardships. Eric sees the world as a laboratory where there is much to learn. And when his trip around the world takes him across land, he enjoys meeting people — especially children. He has already visited several schools and shared his story.
56．Why is Eric making this trip?
A. To learn to overcome various hardships.
B. To encourage children to reach for their goal.
C. To do experiments all over the world.
D. To honor the memory of a fellow climber.
57．What does Eric plan to do on each of the six continents he will visit?
A. Visit schools to share his story.
B. Study the culture of the local people.
C. Cycle from one end to the other.
D. Climb the tallest mountain.
58．How does Eric mainly get drinking water?
A. He boils the seawater on a stove.
B. He has brought fresh water with him.
C. He collects rain water in a bucket.
D. He uses a special machine to make seawater fresh.
59．Which of the following words best describes Eric’s character?
A. Fearless B. Intelligent. C. Determined. D. Lonely.
【参考答案】56—59 B D D C
【2014高考英语模拟题】
While some scientists overlook the existence of a sixth sense for danger, a new research from Washington University in St. Louis has identified a brain area that clearly acts as an early warning system and helps us adjust our behavior to avoid dangerous situations.
"Our brains are better at picking up not obvious warning signs than we previously thought," said Joshua Brown, PhD, a research associate in psychology in the Feb. 18 issue of the journal Science.
The findings offer exact scientific evidence for a new way to form a concept of the complex control processes taking place in and around the ACC, a brain area located near the top of the frontal lobes(耳垂) and along the walls that divide the left and right hemispheres(大脑半球).
"In the past, we found activity in the ACC when people had to make a difficult decision, or after they make a mistake," Brown said. "But now we find that this brain area can actually learn to recognize when you might make a mistake, even before a difficult decision has to be made. So the ACC appears to act as an early warning system—— it learns to warn us in advance when our behavior might lead to a negative outcome, so that we can be more careful and avoid making a mistake."
By providing a clearer picture of the cognitive mechanisms(认知结构) by which we self monitor and control our behavior, the study is an important step in efforts to develop more effective treatments for mental illnesses. It also provides a new way of understanding inappropriate behaviors that often accompany mental illnesses.
"Our results suggest how injury of the ACC mechanisms can lead to breakdowns in the early warning system, so that the brain fails to stop or control inappropriate behavior ahead of time," said Brown. "On the other hand, in those persons with mental disorder, the ACC might warn of an upcoming problem even when no problem is in the existence."
Known to be an important part of the brain's control system, the ACC is believed to help adjust between cold, hard, fact-based reasoning and emotional responses, such as love, fear or expectation.
68. According to the passage, the ACC____________.
A. refers to the sixth sense for danger B. deals with obvious warning situations
C. connects the left and right hemispheres D. sends warning messages in advance
69. The new research is beneficial because it ________ .
A. provides a new way of avoiding mistakes
B. adjusts emotional responses in time of danger
C. helps find better treatments for mental illnesses D. assists people in predicting and avoiding danger
70. The new research helps us understand _________.
A. why we are likely to make mistakes when the ACC is badly injured
B. why people with mental illnesses usually have so many strange behaviors
C. how the ACC works when something dangerous happens
D. how our brain warns us of failure in advance
【参考答案】68—70、DCA
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014模拟试题】
When a magazine for high school students asked its readers what life would be like in twenty years, they said: Machines would be run by solar power. Buildings would rotate（旋转）so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat. Walls would “give light” and “change color with the push of a button.” Food would be replaced by pills. School would be taught by electrical impulse（电脉冲）while we sleep. Cars would have radar（雷达）. Does this sound like the year 2000? Actually, this article was written in 1958 and the question was, “what will life be like in 1978?
The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did, so experts are regularly asked to predict accuately. By carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. But can they? One expert on Cities wrote: Cities of the future would not be crowded, but would have space for farms and fields. People would travel to work in “airbuses”, large all-weather helicopters carrying up to 200 passengers. When a person left the airbus station he could drive a coin-operated car equipped with radar. The radar equipment of cars would make traffic accidents “almost unheard of”. Does that sound familiar? If the expert had been accurate it would, because he was writing in 1957. His subject was “The city of 1982”.
If the professionals sometimes sound like high school students, it’s probably because future study is still a new field. But economic forecasting, or predicting what the economy will do, has been around for a long time. It should be accuate, and generally it is. But there have been some big mistakes in the field, too. In early 1929, most forecasters saw an excellent future for the stock market. In October of that year, the stock market had its worst losses ever, ruining thousands of investors who had put their faith in financial foreseers.
One forecaster knew that predictions about the future would always be subject to significant error. In 1957, H.J. Rand of the Rad corporation was asked about the year 2000, “Only one thing is certain,” he answered. “Children born today will have reached the age of 43.”
36. How many examples does the author offer to describe the future life?
A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six
37. The high school students’ answers to “What would life be like in 1978?” sound __________.
A. accurate B. imaginative C. correct D. foolish
38. In the second paragraph, the writer gives examples to show _________.
A. predicting about the future can be done in a humorous way
B. no predictions are based on careful research
C. experts are always better than others in figuring out what the future will be like
D. forecasting the future is not an easy job even for experts in this field
39. From the third paragraph we can learn that _________.
A. economy forecasting is rather a new field
B. experts began economy forecasting in 1929
C. the predictions about economic situation caused the investors to lose lots of money
D. good, accurate forecasting helped the stock market overcome the difficulties
40. H.J.Rand’s prediction about the year 2000 shows that ________.
A. it is easy to figure out in advance what will happen
B. it is difficult to figure out in advance what will happen
C. only professionals can figure out in advance what will happen
D. very few professionals figure out in advance what will happen
【参考答案】36—40 BBDCB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014模拟试题】
I remember my mother as a strong woman. She came to America when she was 12—old enough to remember her language, she achieved scores and grades high enough to be admitted to Duke University. With a degree in computer science, she finally became the manager of a company in New York. My mother could give fluent speeches, say “wolves” correctly.
It was my mother who always stressed the importance of language. From the time I was born, I was read to. I would fall asleep to the sounds of my parents’ voices, whether it was my dad’s softly accented, or my mother’s clear English. The flow of language was unbroken, and whether in Chinese or English, the stream of communication flowed through our house.
One October morning in sixth grade, after my mother had left to catch the train to the city, I left the house for the bus stop. I was surprised when I saw our car, the door hanging open. As I drew closer, I saw my mother lying on the ground.
In the hospital, it was hard to believe that the lady who lay before me was my mom. My mother could not remember my name. As the leaves changed colors, it became clear that the stroke had created a wall between my mother’s mind and mouth: her mind was not any less clear, but the words she spoke were not what she meant.
The battle my mother faced taught me the importance of language. Without it, identity does not exist; relationships cannot be formed; stories cannot be told; directions cannot be given, and knowing anything about anyone is impossible. Without language, communication cannot take place. Without language, one cannot express the beauty of a sunset or the kindness of a stranger. The world would pass us by in silence.
41. From where might the author’s mom come to America?
A. China B. England C. Russia D. Canada
42. From the second paragraph, we can know ________.
A. the author was taught to read since she was born
B. the author’s father spoke English poorly
C. the author couldn’t fall asleep without being read to
D. the author’s parents taught her language by talking a lot
43. According to the last two paragraphs, the author’s mom was unable to _______.
A. think clearly B. express herself well
C. speak D. open her mouth
44. The underlined word “stroke” in the 4th paragraph most probably refers to ______.
A. an accident B. a hit C. an illness D. a robbery
45. This passage is mainly about _________.
A. a strong mother B. the importance of language
C. a family disaster D. the significance of teaching language
【参考答案】41—45 ADBCB
安徽怀宁县2016高考英语阅读理解精练及答案
2016高考训练题。阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
An idea that started in Seattle's public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.
In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (发起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998. Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong Kong.
In Chicago, the mayor appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.
The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself.
Ultinatelas Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.
1. What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?
A. To invite authors to guide readers. B. To encourage people to read and share.
C. To involve people in community service. D. To promote the friendship between cities.
2. Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?
A .They had little interest in reading. B. They were too busy to read a book.
C. They came from many different backgrounds D. They lacked support from the local government
3. According to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out?
A. In large communities with little sense of unity B. In large cities where libraries are far from home
C. In medium-sized cities with a diverse population D. In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached
4. According to Nancy, the degree of students of the project is judged by
A. the careful selection of a proper book B. the growing popularity of the writers
C. the number of people who benefit from reading. D. the number of books that each person reads.
参考答案1—4、BCDC
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Temperature is measured by means of a thermometer (温度计). One general form of thermometer depends upon the fact that most solids and liquids expand as their temperature rises. There are one or two exceptions. There is, for instance, a kind of steel called invar (from “invariable”) which does not change its dimensions as temperature changes; it is valuable for making pendulums (钟摆), since, if the length of a pendulum changes, its time of vibration changes. It is also used for making very accurate measuring scales. In both cases, then, changes of atmospheric temperature have no effect if invar is used.
Another exception is that very odd liquid, water, which has many strange properties (特性). As water gets colder it contracts (收缩), which is ordinary behavior, until it reaches the temperature of 30℃. above freezing point. After that, as it gets colder, it expands. This is fortunate---for considering the freezing of a pond. As the water on top gets colder, it shrinks; and so, volume for volume, it becomes heavier and sinks. This goes on until all the pond is at 30℃, but after that, as the water becomes colder it expands. Therefore the colder water stays on top and freezes, covering the pond with ice. If the water went on contracting down to the freezing point, the pond would become a solid block of ice in the end. This would not worry people who live in hot climates, but it would be very serious for those who live in cold climates, especially for those who want to break the ice and catch fish which live in the cold water beneath.
1. Invar is valuable for making pendulums because _______.
A. it can hardly change its shape or size as temperature changes.
B. it will change its dimensions without the change of temperature.
C. its time of vibration doesn’t change if its length changes.
D. its time of vibration does change if its length changes.
2. As water gets colder after reaching the temperature of 30℃. it will _______.
A. contract B. shrink C. expand D. freeze
3. Which of the following statements is true, according to this passage?
A. Only invar can be used to make a thermometer.
B. Only water can be used to make a thermometer.
C. Both invar and water can be used to make a thermometer.
D. Neither invar nor water can be used to make a thermometer.
4. The best title of this passage is most likely to be _____.
A. Temperature Measurement B. Two Exceptions
C. Uses of Invar D. Properties of Water
【参考答案】(A) ACDB
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
I was walking along the main street of a small seaside town in the north of England looking for somewhere to make a phone call. My car had broken down outside the town and I wanted to contact the AA. Low grey clouds were gathering across the sky and there was a cold damp wind blowing off the sea which nearly threw me off my feet every time I crossed one of the side streets. It had rained in the night and water was dripping from the bare trees that lined the street. I was glad that I was wearing a thick coat.
There was no sign of a call box, nor was there anyone at that early hour whom I could ask. I had thought I might find a shop open selling the Sunday papers or a milkman doing his rounds, but the town was completely dead. The only living thing I saw was a thin frightened cat outside a small restaurant.
Then suddenly I found what I was looking for. There was a small post office, and almost hidden from sight in a dark narrow street next to it was the town’s only public call box, which badly needed a coat of paint. I hurried forward, but stopped in astonishment when I saw through the dirty glass that there was a man inside. He was fat, and was wearing a cheap blue plastic raincoat. I could not see his face and he did not even raise his head at the sound of my footsteps.
Discreetly(谨慎地), I remained standing a few feet away and lit a cigarette to wait my turn. It was when I threw the dead match on the ground that I noticed something bright red trickling from under the call box door.
5. At what time was the story set?
A. An early winter morning. B. A cold winter afternoon.
C. An early summer morning. D. A windy summer afternoon.
6. Which of the following words best describe the writer’s impression of the town?
A. Cold and frightening. B. Dirty and crowded.
C. Empty and dead. D. Unusual and unpleasant.
7. Why didn’t the man raise his head when the writer came near?
A. He was annoyed at being seen by the writer.
B. He was angry at being disturbed by the writer.
C. He was probably fast asleep.
D. He was probably murdered.
【参考答案】(B) A C D
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014一模试题】
The Hunan Satellite TV(HNTV) show “Where are we going, Dad?” is a big hit. Many famous stars brought their children to a strange village alone, and they had to spend 72 hours with their children there. The program fully showed us a modern version of the “how to be a good father”. As the young parents today are too busy to take care of their children, this new form of “Lost on the way” played by nanny Daddy and cute kids triggered（触发）a lot of people’s emotional resonance（共鸣）. Both the kids and their parents will find that their hearts are being drawn closer. But this kind of feeling has just proved that there is a big spiritual barrier between the modern parents and children.
The TV shows like “Children are hard to support!”, “Where are we going, Dad?”, “hot mom” and “cute kids” are becoming more and more popular. All of these show the new parents’ confusion in children’s education and the appeal for the balance between career and family.
In real life, on the one hand the young parents feel helpless because they are too busy to accompany their children under the pressures of work and life; on the other hand they continue to do so. The data collected by HNTV shows that nearly two-thirds of their audience are female, among whom 36% are aged from 25 to 34.We can imagine such a scene that one evening a young mother is watching the show with her young children, while her husband is still at work or trapped in socializing, or maybe is just playing computer games in the bedroom. The story of a child without the company of father is still going on. In fact, it is sometimes the same to mothers. In a modern family, it is often the old who take the responsibility of raising a child. The participation of mother in the children’s education is also very low.
It is just this kind of confusion where the parents have gone in the modern family education, and where the parents will guide their children to go that “Where are we going，Dad?” shows us. If a child wants to grow up healthily and safely into a modern citizen with independent personality and free spirit, it is very important for him or her to follow the parents who serve as their first teacher. Maybe this is the real reason why such kind of TV programs could get hot. The truth is that children will go where their parents go; and society will go where the children go.
32. In raising a child in modern society, parents should ________.
A. play computer games with their children
B. keep their children at home to avoid socializing
C. balance well between family and career
D. break down the barrier between children and teachers
33. Which of the following can be inferred in the passage?
A. Parents shouldn’t entirely leave the education of children to the old.
B. 36% of the audience of the program are female aged from 25-34.
C. The program shows us the confusion where the parents and children will go to play.
D. In a modern family it is often mothers who are responsible for raising a child.
34. Which one is the best title of the passage?
A. Confusion Behind “Where are we going, dad?”
B. Modern Education is Important
C. Nanny Daddy and Cute Kids
D. New problems in Modern Children’s Education
35. What attitude towards modern family education does the author express in the second paragraph?
A. Proud. B. Worried. C. Optimistic. D. Indifferent.
【参考答案】32—35 CAAB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014试题】
An 80-year-old man was sitting on the sofa in his house along with his 45-year-old highly educated son.
Suddenly a crow（乌鸦）perched on the tree near their window.
The father asked his son, “What is this? ”
The son replied, “It is a crow.”
After a few minutes, the father asked his son the 2nd time, “What is this?”
The son said, “Father, I have just now told you It’s a crow’. ”
After a little while, the old father again asked his son the 3rd time, “What is this? ”
“It’s a crow, a crow, a crow.” said the son loudly.
A little after, the father again asked his son the 4th time, “What is this?”
This time the son shouted at his father, “Why do you keep asking me the same question again and again? ‘IT IS A CROW’. Are you not able to understand this?”
A little later the father went to his room and came back with an old diary, which he had kept since his son was born. On opening a page, he asked his son to read that page. When the son read it, the following words were written in the diary:
“Today my little son aged three was sitting with me on the sofa when a crow was sitting on the window. My son asked me 23 times what it was, and I replied to him all 23 times that it was a crow. I hugged him lovingly each time he asked me the same question again and again for 23 times. I did not at all feel annoyed; I rather felt affection for my innocent child. ”
21. In what tone did the son say to his Father “It’s a crow, a crow, a crow. ”?
A. impatient B. excited C. hurried D. surprised
22. Why did the Father ask the same question again and again?
A. Because he wanted to make his son angry.
B. Because he was too old to remember anything.
C. Because he couldn't understand what his son said.
D. Because he wanted to see how patient his son would be.
23. How old was the old man when his son asked him 23 times “What is this”?
A. 35 years old. B. 38 years old.
C. 45 years old. D. 80 years old.
24. What is the most suitable title for the passage?
A. A crow. B. Father's love.
C. An old dairy. D. An old man.
【参考答案】ADBB

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014试题】 B
China’s first moon rover，Yutu，or Jade Rabbit，separated from the lander early on Sunday，December l5，2013，several hours after the Chang’e-3 probe (探测器) soft-landed on the lunar surface．The l 40 kg six-wheeled rover touched the lunar surface at 4：35 a．m．，leaving deep trace on the loose lunar soil. The process was recorded by the camera on the lander and the images were sent to the earth，according to the Beijing Aerospace Control Center．
After the separation，the rover and lander will take photos of each other and start their own scientific explorations．
Engineers made final checks of the environment of the landing site，the situation of the probe and sent signals of separation to Chang’e-3．
Yutu, on the top of the probe，extended its solar panel and started to drive slowly to the transfer mechanism (机械装置) at 3：10．The transfer mechanism unlocked at 4：06 with one side reaching the moon’s surface，allowing the rover to descend to the surface following a ladder mechanism．
Chang’e-3 landed on the moon’s Sinus Iridum，or the Bay of Rainbows，at 9：11 p．m．Saturday，making China the third country in the world to carry out such a rover mission after the United States and former Soviet Union．
In ancient Chinese mythology，Yutu was the white pet rabbit of the lunar goddess Chang’e．The name for the rover was selected following an online poll that collected several million votes from people around the world．
The rover，1.5 meters long with its two wings folded，1 m in width and l．1 m in height，is a highly efficient robot controlled by the command center from the earth．It will face challenges including temperature differences of more than 300 degrees Celsius on the moon．
Yutu will survey the moon’s geological structure and surface substances and look for natural resources for three months，while the lander will conduct in-situ (现场) exploration right at its landing site for one year．
25．What’s the passage mainly about?
A．China’s first moon rover，Yutu，touched the lunar surface．
B．The rover and the lander took photos of each other successfully．
C．Chang’e-3 landed on the moon’s Sinus Iridum, or the Bay of Rainbows．
D．Yutu will survey the moon’s geological structure to find substances．
26．Which of the following show the correct order of the Yutu’s landing?
a．drive to the transfer mechanism b．extend its solar panel
c．follow a ladder mechanism d．descend to the surface
e．transfer mechanism
A．e→b→a→c→d B．a→b→e→d→c
C．b→a→e→c→d D．c→a→b→e→d
27．We can learn from the last two paragraphs that ．
A．Yutu’s two wings are l．5 meters long and l meter wide
B．Yutu will explore the moon right at its site for one year
C．Yutu will get out of the earth command center’s control
D．Yutu can bear great temperature differences on the moon
【参考答案】ACD
安徽怀宁县2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解精练及参考答案
[2014·兰州、靖远名校高三模拟考试]
Steve was blue collar；my collar was white.He was union；I was management.He worked with molten steel；I slaved over a hot word processor.He worked different shifts at different time.My job was strictly 9-to-5.However, we lived in the same neighborhood，and we went to the same church.I knew his family，and he knew mine.We could talk openly with each other，and we usually did.
One day I was taking some VIPs on a tour of the steel mill at which we were both employed and I saw him out by the blast furnace. He was covered with sweat and soot as he worked confidently just a few feet from metal, so hot that a miscue(失误) would melt him, me and the tour van I was driving —instantly.
“I don't know how you do that，” I told him when I saw him at church the following Sunday. “It's so hot up there，even in the dead of winter. And if you make a mistake, people die. How do you handle the pressure？”
He scoffed at my question. “It's no big deal，” he said. “I've been doing this for years. The furnace pretty much runs itself. I'm_just_there_for_the_ride.”
“Well, I'm glad it's you and not me，” I said. “I couldn't do what you do.”
A few weeks later, Steve and his crew came into the office to pick up some tickets for a football game the company was sponsoring. I was on a tight deadline to deliver some advertising copy, so after I greeted Steve, I returned to my computer to continue working while my staff took care of the tickets. After a few minutes of tip-tip-tapping on my keyboard, I had that funny, awkward feeling that I had an audience. I glanced up and saw Steve leaning against the wall，watching me.
“I don't know how you do that，”he said.“There's so much stuff going on up here.I don't know how you keep track of everything.And if you make a mistake，millions of people are going to hear it on the radio.How do you handle the pressure？”
I scoffed at his question，even though it sounded eerily familiar.“It's no big deal，”I said.“I've been doing this for years.Most of this stuff writes itself.I'm just here to make sure it all gets to the right places on time.”
“Well，I'm glad it's you and not me，”Steve said.“I couldn't do what you do.”
It wasn't until Steve left the office that I realized we had pretty much had the exact same conversation twice—once with regard to his work and once with regard to mine.Without even trying，Steve and I had stumbled on a simple fact of life in the workplace：it takes all kinds.
1．It can be learned from the first paragraph that Steve and the author________.
A．worked for different companies
B．had obviously different jobs
C．worked in shifts at different time
D．argued at times，but got along well
2．What does the underlined sentence mean?
A．No one could do this work except Steve.
B．Steve's job was a bit dangerous.
C．It was an easy job for Steve.
D．Steve was good at handling pressure.
3．Why was the author busy on his keyboard when Steve came for tickets?
A．He had to deliver sales reports.
B．He was engaged in an advertising copy.
C．He was organizing a football game.
D．He was on a tight deadline to create a report.
4．What could be the best title of the text?
A．It's No Big Deal
B．Every Man Has His Strengths
C．Make a Difference in Jobs
D．It Takes All Kinds
[文章大意]　作者通过讲述他与朋友在同一家公司上班的故事告诉读者一个简单的道理——社会需要各种各样的工作。
1．B。考查推理判断。 从第一段内容可知，史蒂夫与钢水打交道，作者与文字处理打交道，可见他们的工作明显不同。
2．C。 考查推理判断。 由第四段中的信息“It's no big deal” “I've been doing this for years.The furnace pretty much runs itself.”可知，史蒂夫认为自己可以轻松驾驭这份工作。
3．B。考查细节理解。根据第六段中的信息“I was on a tight deadline to deliver some advertising copy, so after I greeted Steve, I returned to my computer to continue working”可知，作者忙于做广告文案。
4．D。考查推理判断。作者在最后一段对自己与Steve的两次对话进行了思考，认识到一个简单的事实：it takes all kinds(需要各种各样的工作)，所以最佳标题为D项。
阅读理解。
Intellectual property (IP) is a product of the mind that has commercial value．The concept dates back to 1623,when the first patent law to protect IP rights was passed．IP rights protect an artist from having his/her creative ideas copied by another．For example, if somebody generates an idea for a novel, that idea is protected by IP rights．If someone else wishes to represent the idea or develop it further, he/she must consult the original artists, who will normally be rewarded financially for its use．Back in the 17th century, IP rights were primarily carried out to protect newly developed manufacturing processes against stealing, but today, intellectual property rights, are also enjoyed by those who create music, art and literature．
In recent years, IP rights have been the focus of a great deal of discussion because of a technology which looks set to weaken them altogether: the Internet．Many years ago, if you wanted a recording of a song, you would have to purchase it from a music store; if a novel, from a book store．In those days, IP rights were easily protected since it was very difficult to obtain intellectual property without paying for it．However, a lot of IP, including songs, films, books and artwork, can be downloaded today free of charge using the Internet．This practice has now taken the world by storm, dramatically affecting the way in which we view IP rights．
1．According to the writer, in the beginning, IP rights were mainly of use to ____ __．
A．those creating music, art and literature
B．novelists
C．engineers and inventors
D．those not receiving financial reward for their work
2．What do we know about the Internet according to the passage?
A．It makes IP rights harder to protect．
B．It sells songs and films．
C．It does not affect the way we understand IP rights．
D．It prevents the production of artwork．
3．According to Paragraph 2, what has “taken the world by storm”?
A．Intellectual property rights． B．The Internet．
C．Free downloading． D．The large number of songs, films and books．
4．A possible title for this passage could be _____ _．
A．A History of IP Rights B．Ways to Protect Your IP Rights
C．The Present and the Future of IP D．IP Rights and Our Attitudes
【参考答案】1—4、C A C D
[2014·山西省五校高三联合测试]
With more than 10,000 plants the 68ft“living wall” near Victoria station will collect rainwater which falls onto the roof of the building and use it to nourish the plants. The result will be an eye-catching garden which brightens up the popular tourist route, near the Rubens at the Palace Hotel, and stops it from flooding.
Containing more than 20 seasonal plant species, the wall required 16 tons of soil and will be capable of storing up to 10,000 litres of water. The project, backed by London Mayor Boris Johnson, was launched with the aim of dealing with a key environmental challenge in London.
According to the Environment Agency, there are around 534,000 properties in London on the Thames flood plain and one in four are at risk of flooding. This is partly due to the low absorbency of urban surfaces.
Matthew Pencharz, the Mayor's Advisor for Environment and Energy, said, “London has plenty of trees, parks, gardens and increasing numbers of living roofs, which can increase resilience(适应力) to extreme weather. The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure London can continue to compete, not only as the greenest city in Europe, but as the best city on the earth.”
A similar living wall was built in Islington in 2005 but ended in disappointment after the watering system failed and all the plants died.
At that time critics accused the council of wasting 100,000 of taxpayers' money on a “green extravagance (奢侈品)”. The Victoria project is believed to be the largest of its kind in the country.
Ruth Duston, CEO of Victoria BID, said，“Building the living wall has a long-term positive impact on the environment. It delivers a model of best practice for London.”
The flowers have been chosen to ensure the wall is in bloom all year round, attracting wildlife such as birds, butterflies and bees.
Armando Raish, managing director of Treebox, said，“Due to the variety of plants, we expect the living wall to significantly increase the number and variety of bugs and bees in this part of Victoria.”
1．The“living wall” was designed to ________.
A. display some unusual plants
B. prevent flooding when it rains
C. store rainwater for the citizens
D. attract more tourists to London
2．The underlined word“backed”in Paragraph 2 probably can be replaced by________.
A. criticized　　　　　 B. constructed
C. supported D. rejected
3．Why are 25% of the buildings on the Thames flood plain at risk of flooding?
A. Because the buildings are near the river.
B. Because it rains heavily all the year round.
C. Because there are few trees and plants in London.
D. Because the ground doesn't absorb much rainwater.
4．Which would be the best title of the text?
A. A Beautiful Garden City
B. London's Living Wall of Green
C. More Species in Central London
D. Creative Way to Fight Flooding
[文章大意]　在伦敦的维多利亚火车站附近建起了能种植万余株植物的墙体。在下大雨的时候，雨水可以用来浇这些植物，预防伦敦市区泛滥成灾。
1．B。考查细节理解。根据第一段的内容可知，这道种植植物的墙建在维多利亚火车站附近，目的是用雨水浇这些植物，预防伦敦市区泛滥成灾。
2．C。考查词义猜测。从第四段中伦敦市长顾问的话“The Mayor is encouraging more green programs like the living wall to make sure...”中可以推断出，市长对该项目的态度是支持的。画线的单词backed 意为“支持”，可被 supported 代替。criticize “批评”；construct“建造”；reject“拒绝”。
3．D。考查细节理解。根据第三段的内容可知，在伦敦市的泰晤士河的洪泛区，有大约534,000处房产，其中的四分之一面临被淹的危险。部分原因是城市地表的吸收能力低。
4．B。考查标题判断。本文向读者介绍了英国伦敦市治理雨水泛滥的新举措，建造一道种植植物的墙。故选B项。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014高考英语二模试题】
When a rare disease ALD threatened to kill the four-year-old boy Lorenzo, his parents refused to give up hope. Doctors explained that there was no cure for ALD, and that he would probably die within three years. But Lorenzo’s parents set out to prove the doctors wrong.
The parents devoted themselves to keeping their son alive and searching for a cure. But doctors and the families of other ALD patients often refused to take them seriously. They thought the efforts to find a cure were a waste of time, and drug companies weren’t interested in supporting research into such a rare disease.
However, the parents still refused to give up and spent every available hour in medical libraries and talking to anyone who would help. Through trial and error, they finally created a cure from ingredients (调料) commonly found in the kitchen. The cure, named "Lorenzo’s Oil", saved the boy’s life. Despite the good results, scientists and doctors remained unconvinced. They said there was no real evidence that the oil worked and that the treatment was just a theory. As a result, some families with ALD children were reluctant to try it.
Finally, the boy’s father organized an international study to test the oil. After ten years of trials, the answer is: the oil keeps ALD children healthy.
【小题1】Doctors said that Lorenzo might die within three years because_____ .
A. they had never treated the disease before
B. Lorenzo was too young to be cured
C. no cure had been found for ALD
D. ALD was a rare disease
【小题2】The families of other ALD patients thought that _____ .
A. the research for the new cure would cost too much money
B. the efforts of Lorenzo’s parents were a waste of time
C. Lorenzo’s parents would succeed in finding a cure
D. Lorenzo’s oil was a real cure for ALD
【小题3】 Scientists and doctors believed that Lorenzo’s Oil_____.
A. was really effective B. was a success story
C. only worked in theory D. would save the boy’s life
【小题4】 From the passage we can conclude that_____.
A. doctors remain doubtful of the effectiveness of the cure
B. many ALD patients still refuse to use the oil
C. various cures have been found for ALD
D. the oil really works as a cure for ALD
【答案】
【小题1】C
【小题2】B
【小题3】C
【小题4】D
【小题4】归纳题：从文章最后一段的句子：Finally, the boy’s father organized an international study to test the oil. After ten years of trials, the answer is: the oil keeps ALD children healthy.可知这种油做为ALD的疗法真的管用。选D
考点：考查故事类短文
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014高考英语二模试题】
The way people hold to the belief that a fun-filled, and pain-free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably(不可避免的) brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (义务), self - improvement.
Ask a bachelor(单身汉) why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.
Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three - day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates （解放）money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.
【小题1】According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _______ .
A. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities
B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single
C. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage
D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement
【小题2】From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ________ .
A. hatred　　 B. misunderstanding　 C. prejudice　　D. ignorance
【小题3】What is the author trying to tell us?
A. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.
B. One must know how to attain happiness.
C. It is important to make commitments.
D. It is pain that leads to happiness.
【答案】
【小题1】A
【小题2】D
【小题3】A
安徽怀宁县2016高考英语（二轮）阅读理解精练及答案
2016高考训练题。阅读理解。
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
If you have a bad habit of losing things, a new device that can be connected to any item that you might lose may be the way to solve your problem. The Tile, a small square linked up to your iPhone or iPad via Bluetooth, lets you see how close you are to the missing item, within a 50-to 150-foot range . If the item goes out of your phone’s 150-foot range, it can still be detected (发现) on other smartphones with the same app.
When you log into the app on your phone, it shows you, with green bars that increase or decrease, how far away you are from the Tile. You can also program it to make a sound when you get close to the Tile. And you can link up your phone with up to ten Tiles. And if your lost item — a dog, for example, or a stolen bike — goes out of your own phone’s 150-foot Bluetooth range, you can set it as a “lost item”. If any of the phones with the Tile app comes within the range of your lost item, a message will be sent to your own phone, reminding you of its position. The Tile app also has the fun_ction to remember where it last saw your Tile, so that you can easily find where you left it.
Since the Tiles use Bluetooth rather than GPS, they never run out of battery or need to be charged, and they last for one year before needing to be replaced. The app, which will come into the market this winter, works with iPhone 5S, iPhone 6, iPad Mini, iPad 3rd and 4th generation, and iPod 5th generation.
1. The Tile app can help you 　　　.
A. find your missing items B. use your phone more wisely
C. save your phone’s battery power D. connect something to your phone
2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. The Tile needs to be charged after a year of use.
B. One smartphone can only be linked up to one Tile.
C. The Tile cannot work when linked up to a phone without Bluetooth.
D. A missing item can’t be found if it goes out of the needed range.
3. What does the second paragraph mainly tell us?
A. What the Tile app is. B. How the Tile app works.
C. The advantages of the Tile app. D. Why the Tile app was invented.
4. Where does this passage probably come from?
A. A science fiction novel. B. An advertisement.
C. A personal diary. D. A news report.
参考答案1—4、ACBD
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
It is true that shyness can be a disadvantage socially for those who suffer from it seriously. I mean real shyness, not somebody who is simply quiet. Quiet people could be shy, but on the other hand, they may just be observing because they are unsure of you or others in your company. They may be capable of being extrovert (性格外向的) and sociable, but on some particular occasions, they are quiet.
I have learnt from my experience that those who observe and listen more and talk less can gain a position of strength. This means that even a very shy person, the type who is reluctant to talk in company (在交际场合) , especially new company, can become a strong person in just about anything they choose. Remember, knowledge is power, and a shy introvert (性格内向的人) is in a better position to gain knowledge than an extrovert. Introverted people can give great attention to learning, and as good listeners they can take in an enormous amount from others. Over time, people can come to respect them far more than the extrovert who speaks a lot. Usually about themselves.
What does it take , then for a very shy person to be that successful person they have always wanted to be ? They may only need one more thing to push themselves on their way. They need to dare themselves to take the leap; and when they do , they will probably find all the knowledge they have gained over the years will help them on their way to the top in their chosen field.
9. What does the first paragraph mainly want to tell us?
A. A person who is quiet may not be shy. B. A shy person may not be a calm one.
C. Quiet people are usually doubtful. D. Shyness is sometimes a bad feature.
10. The underlined word “reluctant” in paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. lazy B. careful C. eager D. unwilling
11. According to the author, introverted people can be successful because they usually ________.
A. have a strong will B. talk less and show off less
C. learn more than extroverts D. have a good attitude to learning
12. It can be learned from the last paragraph that “one more thing” probably refers to ________.
A. energy B. courage C. quietness D. knowledge
【参考答案】9、AD 11—12、CB
阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
Sports is not only physically challenging, but it can also mentally challenging. Criticism（批评）from coaches(trainers), parents, and other teammates, as well as pressure to win can create too much anxiety or stress for young athletes. Stress can be physical, emotional, or psychological, and research has showed that it can lead to burnout. Burnout has been described as dropping or quitting of an activity that was at one time enjoyable.
The early years of development are critical years for learning about oneself. The sport setting is one where valuable experiences can take place. Young athletes can, for example, learn how to cooperate with others, make friends, and gain other social skills that will be used throughout their lives. Coaches and parents should be aware(realize), at all times, that their feedback（反馈）to youngsters can greatly affect their children. Youngsters may take their parents’ and coaches’ criticisms to heart and find a flaw（缺陷） in themselves.
Coaches and parents should also be cautious(careful) that youth sport participation does not become work for children. The outcome of the game should not be more important than the process of learning the sport and other life lessons. In today’s youth sport setting, young athletes may be worrying more about who will win instead of enjoying themselves and the sport. Following a game, many parents and coaches focus on(pay more attention to) the outcome and find fault with youngsters’ performances. Positive reinforcement should be provided in spite of the outcome. Research shows that positive reinforcement motivates and has a greater effect on learning than criticism. Again, criticism can create high levels of stress(pressure), which can lead to burnout.
13. According to the passage sport is positive for young people in that .
A. it can help them learn more about society
B. it teaches them how to set realistic goals for themselves
C. it enables them to find flaws in themselves
D. it can provide them with valuable experiences
14. According to the passage parents and coaches should .
A. help children to win every game
B. pay more attention to letting children enjoy sports
C. enable children to understand the positive aspect of sports
D. train children to deal with stress
15. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is .
A. to persuade young children not to worry about criticism
B. to emphasize the importance of positive reinforcement to children
C. to discuss the skill of combing criticism with encouragement
D. to teach young athletes how to avoid burnout
【参考答案】13—15、DBB
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014综合测试】
No one knows why people dream, but some dreams might be connected to the mental processes that help us learn. In a recent study, scientists found a connection between nap-time (午睡时间) dreams and better memory in people who were learning a new skill.
So perhaps one way to learn something new is to practice, practise, practise---and then sleep on it.
“I was surprised by this finding,” Robert Stickgold, a Harvard University scientist who led the study.
In the study, 100 college students each spent an hour on a computer, trying to get through a virtual maze (虚拟迷宫). The maze was difficult, and the study participants had to start in a different place each time they tried---making it even more difficult.
Then, for the first 90 minutes of a five-hour break, half of the participants were required to stay awake while half were told to sleep. Participants who stayed awake were asked to describe their thoughts. Participants who slept were asked to describe any dream they had.
Stickgold and his colleagues wanted to know about NREM, or non-REM sleep. REM stands for “rapid eye movement”, which is what happens during REM sleep. This period of sleep often brings strange dreams to a sleeper, although dreams can happen in both kinds of sleep. Stickgold wanted to know what people were dreaming about when their eyes weren’t moving, during NREM sleep. Other studies have found a connection between NREM bring activity and learning ability.
Four of the 50 people who slept said their dreams were about the maze. Later, when these four people tried the computer maze again, they were able to complete it faster.
Stickgold believes the dream itself doesn;t help a person learn---it’s the other way around. He suspects that such dreams are caused by the brain processes associated with learning.
All the maze-dreamers had done the task poorly the first time, which makes Stickgold wonder if the NREM dreams show up when a person finds a new task particularly difficult. People who had other dreams, or people didn't sleep, didn't show the same improvement.
36. In the first stage of the study, the participants were asked to
A. design a maze on computer
B. find their way out of a maze
C. decide where to begin a maze
D. remember a location in a maze
37. What happened to the participants during the break?
A. Half of them were woken up when they started to dream.
B. Half of them were asked to dram about the maze.
C. All of them were asked to describe their thoughts.
D. Half of them were asked to sleep for 90 minutes.
38. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Everyone will dream about a new skill after learning it.
B. Stickgold was the first to study dreams and learning.
C. During NREM sleep, people usually don’t dream.
D. Unusual dreams often occur during REM sleep.
39. In the first stage of the study, the participants were asked to
A. design a maze on computer
B. find their way out of a maze
C. decide where to begin a maze
D. remember a location in a maze
40. Which of the following statement best summarizes the study’s conclusion?
A. Dreams have a role in learning.
B. Dreams have no basis in reality.
C. Dreams are important for health.
D. Dreams are the best way to study.
【参考答案】36-40 BDDAA
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
【2014综合测试】
The recent publication of autobiographies by two of Britain’s great scientists, biologist Richard Dawkins and physicist Stephen Hawking, is a wonderful opportunity to compare and contrast these two remarkable men. Surprisingly, they have rather more in common than we think.
Most striking is the similarity in their backgrounds. They were born in the early 1940s to middle class families---not wealthy but comfortably off, with a strong commitment to academic excellence and public service. Both families were keen to send their boys to Oxford University---and both succeeded, Dawkins studying zoology and Hawking physics.
Neither author has a very positive view of his early university life. Hawking describes the attitude at Oxford in the 1950s and 1960s as very anti-work, “You were supposed to either be brilliant without effort or fail. Hard work was looked down upon by students and we all pretended that nothing was worth making an effort for.” He estimates that he studied for no more than an hour a day as an undergraduate student （本科生）.
Undergraduate life was somewhat more rewarding for Dawkins. Like Hawking, he wasn’t particularly hard-working and never attended his lectures. But he found Oxford’s system of weekly essay-based lessons with an academic tutor useful, “It was really only the tutorial system that educated me.”
For both men, scientific life really got going as postgraduates after 1962. Dawkins, who remained at Oxford, describes brilliantly the academic competition among the postgraduate students, which he believed helped push him to develop the ideas that formed the basis of his most famous book, The Selfish Gene. This volume transformed scientific thinking about Darwinism evolution.
Hawking, on the other hand, moved to Cambridge University after graduation, where his research into the universe would eventually make him the most famous physicists since Albert Einstein. He writes movingly about the disease which progressively crippled his entire body, leaving him unable to move and only able to communicate using a computer controlled by his eyes. Although communication is slow---he can write only 3 words a minute using the machine---his illness has not affected his mind or his research on space-time and origins of the universe.
Each book is recommended individually as a personal introduction to an important scientific thinker. Read together, they provide a superb background to the academic and social climate of postwar British research.
41. Which of the following describes a similarity in Hawking’s and Dawkins’ backgrounds?
A. They were both from wealthy families.
B. They studied the same subject in university.
C. They graduated from the same secondary school.
D. They both came from families that valued good education.
42. Why did Hawking study very little as an undergraduate student?
A. He preferred doing his own research and experiments.
B. Students considered it inappropriate to study too much.
C. The materials discussed in lectures were very easy for him.
D. He was more interested in making friends with his classmates.
43. According to Dawkins, what helped him develop his most important ideas?
A. His hard work as an undergraduate.
B. The support he received from his family.
C. The excellent tutors at Oxford University.
D. The competition from other postgraduate students.
44. What can we reasonably infer about the two scientists from the passage?
A. Dawkins worked much harder than Hawking as an undergraduate.
B. Hawking is more respected by the scientific community.
C. They knew each other during their studies a t Oxford.
D. Hawing has experienced more physical difficulties.
45. What is the fun_ction of the last paragraph?
A. To state which book the writer prefers.
B. To recommend the reviewed books to readers.
C. To summarize the achievements of the two scientists.
D. To suggest the order in which the books should be read.
【参考答案】41-45 DBDDB