高三英语牛津译林版选修十Unit3 protecting ourselves words导学案

M10U3重点词汇讲解
1. abrupt adj. →adv. abruptly
1) 突然地，意外的；
an abrupt change/halt/departure 突然改变/骤然停止/拂袖而去
2)（言语，行为）粗鲁的，莽撞的，唐突的
an abrupt manner 唐突的举止/莽撞的方式
2. weep
1) vt. vi. 流泪；哭泣 (wept, wept)
① weep for/over sb/sth 因…而流泪
weep for joy 高兴得流泪，欣喜而泣
weep over his failure 因为失败而哭泣
② weep to do sth
She wept to see him in such a state. 她一见他那种情形簌簌泪下。
③ weep tears of joy 流出喜悦的眼泪
2) n. 哭泣, 流泪
A good ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) weep would probably make you feel better. 你痛痛快快哭上阵也许就好受些了。
辨析：cry; weep; sob
1) cry最普通用词，通常都哭出声音来
2) weep较为正式，侧重哭的泪水而不是哭的声音
3) sob 指哭得伤心，表示抽泣，侧重哭的声音
3. burst
1) n.
① 爆炸；爆破；爆裂:
the burst of a bomb 炸弹的爆炸
a burst in a water-pipe 水管的破裂
② 突发，迸发，
a burst of activity/energy/anger/ enthusiasm 活动/能量/怒火/热情的迸发
a burst of applause 一阵欢呼.
2) vi & vt. (burst, burst)
①（使某物）爆炸; 胀破; 爆破:
If you blow that balloon up any more it will burst. 那气球再吹就要破了。
The river burst its banks and flooded nearby towns. 那条河决堤淹没了附近的城镇。
I’ve eaten so much I feel ready to burst! 我吃得太多，肚子都要撑破了！
He felt he would burst with anger and shame. 他觉得他恼羞成怒，快气炸了。
② 猛冲，突然出现
He burst into the room without knocking. 他没敲门就闯进了屋子。
[词组]
1) burst (sth) open （使某物）突然或猛然打开
The police burst the door open. 警察把门撞开了。
2) burst in ; burst i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )nto a room 突然进入房间 (=break in; break into a room)
The police burst in (through the door) and arrested the gang.
= The police burst in ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to the room and arrested the gang. 警察突然闯进（房门）逮捕了那帮人。
3) burst into sth 突然爆发
The aircraft crashed and burst into flames 飞机坠毁起火。
burst into tears 突然哭起来
4) burst out
(a) 突然激动地说；叫嚷：
“I hate you!” she burst out. “我讨厌你！” 她叫嚷道。
(b) 突然开始（做某事）burst out doing sth
burst out crying/laughing/singing 突然哭起来（笑起来/唱起来）
5) burst on the scene 突然出现
4. bid (bid, bid, bidding )
1) vi & vt.
①（购物时）出价; （尤指拍卖时）喊价；投标
bid(…) for sth为某事竞标/出价 ；bid against抬价/竞标
She bid 500 (for the painting). 她喊价500英镑（买这幅画）。
We had hoped ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to get the house but another couple was bidding against us
我们原希望买下这所房子, 但另一对夫妇不断抬价与我们竞买。
Several firms have ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bid for the contract to build the new concert hall.
已有几家公司投标, 争取建造新音乐厅的合同。
②试图，努力争取: bid to do sth
The team is biddi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ng to retain its place in the league. 这个队正争取保住它在联赛中的位置。
2) n.
①努力争取: in a bid to do sth: 为了做某事
Chinese smartphon ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e maker Xiaomi Corp said it sold 18.7 million smartphones in 2013, up 160 percent year-on-year, and that it officially expanded to Singapore ob Jan 1, in a bid to enter the global market. (为了进入国际市场)
②投标: a bid for sth (AmE: a bid on sth)
The company made a bid for the contract to clean the hospital.
该公司投标了承包这所医院的清洁工作。
5. discriminate vi & vt. discrimination n.
① 区别，辨别：
discriminate between A ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) and B ; discriminate A from B 分别, 辨别, 区分（两事物）: discriminate between two cases/one case from another区分两件事[将一件事与另一件事区分开
② 歧视： discriminate against sb/in favour of sb 歧视[偏袒]（某人）:
Society still ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) discriminates against women/in favour of men. 社会上仍然歧视女性[厚待男性]。
[词型变化]
discriminating adj. 判断力强的; 鉴别力强的; 知觉敏锐的:
She has an artist’s discriminating eye. 她具有艺术家特有的敏锐眼光。
6. slide
1) n. [C]
① 滑动，打滑
The car went into a slide on the surface. 汽车在地面上打滑。
② 幻灯片
Don’t you want to see my slides of Korea 你不想看看我在朝鲜拍的幻灯片吗？
③ 滑落，跌落，下降
There appears a slide in living standards now. 现在出现了生活水平下降的情况。
2) vt. & vi (slid, slid)
①（使）滑动
The kids were sliding on the ice. 孩子们在冰上滑行。
②（使）悄悄移动，潜行
He slid out ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )of/into the room when no one was looking. 他趁人没看见，偷偷溜出/进了房间。
③ 下滑，降低，衰弱(成...); 逐渐陷入...
Shares slid to a 10-year low. 股价跌到了10年来的最低点。
The industry has slid into decline. 这个行业已成衰退之势。
slide into poverty 逐渐陷入贫困
slide into a bad habit 染上坏习惯
7. trap
1) n.
①捕动物等的器具；陷阱：
a mouse-trap 老鼠夹
be caught in/fall into a trap 落入陷阱
②计策; 圈套，诡计：
I set a trap for him and he fell right into it. 我给他设了计，他恰恰中了我的计。
Is this question a trap 这个问题是不是个圈套
③（难以摆脱的）困境：
For some women marriage is a trap. 对有的妇女来说, 婚姻就是种牵绊/围城。
2) vt. (trapped, trapped)
①使（某人）陷入困境; 夹住，卡住
They were trapped in the burning hotel. 他们被困在发生火灾的旅馆里。
He was trapped in an unhappy marriage. 他陷入不幸的婚姻之中。
I trapped my coat in the car door.
→My coat was trapped in the car door. 我的外衣被汽车门夹住了。
②使（某人）陷入圈套；使中计：trap sb (into sth/doing sth)
I was trapped into ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )telling the police all I knew. 我中计了，把所知道的一切全都告诉了警方。
8. suck vi. & vt.
①吮吸；啜；嘬：
suck the juice from an orange 吸橙子的汁
suck up milk through a straw 用吸管喝牛奶
②将（某物）含在嘴里：
a child that sucks its thumb 吮吸拇指的孩子
③抽吸，抽取，吸
The pump sucks air out of the vessel through this valve.
这台泵通过这个阀门把容器中的空气抽出。
Greenfly can suck a plant dry. 蚜虫能将一株植物吸干。
④使卷入；吸/吸引(进/出…)
I don’t want to get sucked into the row(纠纷) about school reform.
我不愿意牵扯到这场学制改革的纠纷之中。
9. wipe vt.
①擦，拭，抹，
wipe one’s hands on a towel 用毛巾擦手
wipe sth. clean/dry 把某物擦干净[干]
wipe a damp sponge across one’s face 用湿海绵擦脸
②抹掉，抹去 wipe sth (away) from/off sth
wipe the sweat (away) from one’s forehead 擦去额头上的汗
wipe (away) the tears from one’s eyes 擦（掉）眼泪
wipe a recording off (a tape) 抹掉磁带上录制的内容
Wipe that smile/grin/expression off your face! 别笑[咧着嘴笑/做出那种表情]！
[词组]
1) wipe sth. out
①彻底消灭或摧毁某事物：
The government is trying to wipe out drug trafficking. 政府正竭力清除毒品买卖活动。
②擦掉，把……擦干净
Don’t forget to wip ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e out the sink(洗涤池) when you’ve finished the dishes.
2) wipe away 消除，去除
M10U3词汇零碎点滴
1) 对…有免疫力的 be immune to …
2) abortion ①[C/U]堕胎; ②[C]已经完全失败的计划和行动 abort v. 流产，使中止
3) mosquito pl. mosquitoes (常见)； mosquitos (不常见)
4) agenda
on the agenda 在议程表上
be high on the agenda/ at the top of the agenda 被高度重视，是当务之急
In our company, quality is high on the agenda.
For the government, education is now at the top of the agenda.
5) prescription medicine(s)/ prescription drugs
6) prevention n. prevent v. preventive adj. 预防性的，防备的
7) conclude v. 1)(使)结束 2）下结论，推断 conclusion n.
8) weapon pl. weapons
9) additional adj. 额外的，另外的 addition n.
10) go jogging 去慢跑
11) be unconscious of/that…. ; → be conscious of/that…
把某人打得不省人事: knock ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )sb unconscious; adv. unconsciously ; n. [U] unconsciousness
12) rebel v. 反叛，反抗 n.反抗/叛者 rebellion n. 反叛/抗
13) reaction n. react v.: react to= respond to 对…作出反应
14）appetite 食欲，强烈欲望: have an appetite for 对….有食欲/强烈欲望
15) abuser n.嗜毒者；酗酒者，虐待者 abuse v.