Module9 Unit3 The meaning of colour
1. sew (v.) 缝，做针线活 sewed sewed/sewn
I made this skirt just by sewing two pieces of material together.
These national flags ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) are more than just pieces of cloth sewn together with thread.
sew sth up/ sew up sth “把……缝起来”。
A nurse will come and sew up that wound for you soon.
2. random (n./adj.) 随机，随意
He was not listening ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )and made a random answer to the teacher’s question.
at random = randomly 随意地，随机地
The librarian took a book at random from the shelf.
3. thread (n.) 线，线索 vt. 穿针, 纫针
The girl is always oc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )cupied with her needle and thread. (a needle and thread 针线)
Stone was onc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e asked if he had found a thread that runs through the lives of all these exceptional people. （线索，思路，贯穿的主线）
a thread of sth. 表示意思“一丝，一线” a thread of light ; a thread of hope.
4. fundamental (adj.) 根本的，基础的
A fundamental chang ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e in the organization of health services was required.
be fundamental to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) sth. Hard work is fundamental to success. 勤奋工作是成功的基础。
n.“基本原则(或原理)，根本法则(或规律)；纲要”
In three days, she had learned the fundamentals of cooking.
5. abolish (v.) 废除，废止（法律、制度、习俗等）
Abraham Lincoln a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bolished slavery in the United States and the slaves won liberation.
abolition (n.) the a ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )bolition of the bad custom/slavery/death penalty
6. salute (n./v.) 致敬，敬礼
In salute to ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )the French and their revolution, many countries have chosen to use the same colors in their flags as the French did. (为向…表示敬意)
On behalf of ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) my country, I salute guests and friends from all over the world.
7. object (v.) 反对
Vi．“不同意；不赞成；反对”，可构成短语 object to (doing) sth.
The match was cance ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )lled because most of the members objected to having a match without a standard court.
Vt. “以……为理由反对，反对说……”
Mother objected that Jimmy was too weak to take up the job.
objection (n.) I ha ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ve no objection to hearing your story again. 我不反对再听一遍你的故事。
(注意区分动词和形容词的汉语意思, ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )尤其在阅读理解中表达个人观点态度时，objective (adj.) 客观的，不带偏见的 ； subjective 主观的。其他表达个人观点态度的词还有neutral中立的；indifferent 漠不关心的；positive积极的，肯定的；negative消极的，否定的；optimistic乐观的；pessimistic悲观的)
注意：反对做某事：oppose (one’s) doing sth; be opposed to doing sth.
be against doing sth. disapprove of doing sth.
8. compromise (v./n.)
(vi) 妥协，让步 compromise with sb. on sth.
We were unwilling ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )to compromise with the military on safety standards.
(n)（C）妥协(方案 ) The two sides finally reached a compromise.
(n)（U）达成妥协 Compromise is an inevitable part of life.
9. submit (v.) 顺从，投降；提交 submitted submitted
He submitted unwillingly to his mother and divorced his wife.
→submit (oneself) to 顺从，屈服
The engineers submitted the project to the board for approval.
→submit sth. (to sb./sth.) 提交
10. date back to 追溯到，始于 =date from=go back to
Their friendship dates back to the time when they were children.
The imperial tombs ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )dating back to the Ming Dynasty are well preserved.
11. substitute (v./n.) 替换，替代
(vt.) sbstitute A for B = substitute/replace B with/by A
We should substitute the home-made parts for imported ones.
If you cannot go yourself, please find someone to substitute you.
(vi.) He substituted for the worker who was ill.
She substitutes as our teacher of English.
(n.) “代替人，代替物，代用品”，后面常接介词for
Is the product a good substitute for sugar
12. bound (adj.) 一定会；受…约束（而必须做某事）
be bound to do sth. 一定会做某事
You have done so much work---you are bound to pass the exam.
13. consistent(adj.) 一致的，连续的 consistency (n.)
be consistent with与…一致
Your conduct is not consistent with what you say.
be consistent in 在…方面始终如一
She is not very consistent in the way she treats her children.M9U3 Words
sew --- sewed---sewn/sewed v. _________, __________
a dress ________ for her daughter
sew sth up / up sth_________________
sew up the wound_________________
sewing machine___________________
random adj. 任意的，随意的
at random ________________________
The girl opened a boo ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )k at random and started reading.____________________
Names will be chosen at random from this list._______________________
3. fundamental adj. 根本的，重大的，基本的
fundamental difference ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s / problem / principles / human right___________________
be fundamental to 对。。。来说是必须的、必不可少的
He believes better rel ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ations with China are fundamental to the well-being of the area.___________________________________________________________
Freedom is fun ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )damental to happiness._____________________________________
4. abolish v. 废除
abolish the deat ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )h penalty / slavery / a system_______________________________
5.equality n. 平等，相等，均等
equal v. 比得上，等于
① Nobody can equal hi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )m in intelligence. __________________________________
② Three and five equals eight.____________________________________
adj. be equal to __________________; ____________________
① On the whole, women are not equal to men in physical strength.
② He is equal to (doing) the job.
6. a sense of justice _________________________
treat sb with justice=do justice to sb = do sb justice公平地对待…
just adj.___________________;adv.__________________________
7. salute v. / n. 致敬，敬礼
salute sb. / sth. ______________________
The soldiers stood ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )at attention and saluted the flag / general._____________________________
raise one’s hand in salute ________________________
In salute to the ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )famous artist, we held a big party._______________________
8. rate n. 比率, 速度 v. 评估，划分等级
the unemployment ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) rate / tax rate / heart rate / divorce rate_____________________
The unemployment ra ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )te is rising in that country. ____________________________
at the rate of ___________________
The car was going ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) at the rate of 60 miles an hour.____________________________
That hotel doesn’t ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) rate five stars at all.________________________________
9. object vi. 反对
1) object to sth./doing sth.__________________________
No one objected to the plan. ___________________________
2) object n. “物体; 目 ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )的/标( = aim/ intention / target/ purpose/ goal /objective)；宾语”
What are those strange objects/things
The object of the sentence ‘I like English’ is English.
promise vi./n. 妥协，互让，和解
compromise with sb. on sth.__________________________
They found i ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )t wiser to compromise with her. ____________________________
Never compromise with the terrorists!______________________________
reach a compromise_____________________________
make compromises_____________________________
11. submit v. 顺从，屈服
submit to sb. /submit oneself to sb.______________________________
He submitted unwi ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )llingly to his mother’s order. __________________________________
Should a wif ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )e submit herself to her husband _______________________________________
submit vt. 提交”
submit sth. to sb.___________________________
He submitted his ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )proposal/plan to the committee. _________________________________
12. date back to= date from 追溯到……（无被动, 常用现在时）
This custom date ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )s back to/from the Tang Dynasty._____________________________________
This is a temple _________ back to the 17th century.
This is a temple which _______ back to the 17th century.
a coin ____ a country _________(belong) to the third world.
____ from the Ming Dynasty
13. split off from脱离；分离 = break up / get divorced
They split off af ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ter a year of marriage._________________________________
Ireland split ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) off from Britain in 1921.__________________________________
They split up into 2 groups.____________________________-
14. substitute vt./ vi. “替换，替代” = _____________________
substitute B with A ___________________________
① If you cannot ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) go yourself, please find someone to substitute you.______________________
② Home-made parts are ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )being substituted for imported ones. ___________________________
n. 代替人，代替物，代用品 (后面常接介词for)
Is the product a g ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )ood substitute for sugar ______________________________________
15.bound adj. 一定会，受…的约束（而必须做某事）
be bound to do…_____________________________
The new disc ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com )overy is bound to be of great benefit to mankind._________________________
16. consistent adj.一致的，始终如一的；连续的，持续的
be consistent with ___________________________________
Your conduct ( http: / / www.21cnjy.com ) is not consistent with what you say. _____________________________
