Unit 3 Sea Exploration Using Language (Reading for Writing)课件 (共24张PPT)2024-2025学年高二英语人教版 选择性必修四
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| 名称 | Unit 3 Sea Exploration Using Language (Reading for Writing)课件 (共24张PPT)2024-2025学年高二英语人教版 选择性必修四 |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2025-05-09 10:55:34 | ||
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(共24张PPT)
人教版（2019）选择性必修四
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
Using Language (Reading for Writing)
Express your opinions on sea exploration
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
grasp the structural and linguistic features of argumentative essays;
think critically about the pros and cons of exploring the ocean;
write an argumentative essay to express your opinions on sea exploration.
Lead-in
Why do people explore the sea
exploit resources
discover new species
generate electricity
vt. 开发；利用；剥削
Should the sea be explored
The ocean is a treasure. Just as Xi Jinping says, oceans provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development. Despite regular discoveries about the ocean, much remains unknown. Scientists predict that 95% of the ocean is unmapped and unexplored. So human being is keeping on exploring the ocean. However, there are arguments about sea exploration.
Argument
Evidence
Restatement/recommendation/a call to action
What are the two texts about
What is the type of the two texts
What are the three parts in argumentative essays
Reading
Read the first paragraph of the two texts and answer the following questions.
They are about sea exploration.
Argumentative essays.
A
E & E
A
E & E
A
E & E
A
E
A
E & E
A
E
Then read the two texts and find the arguments and evidence in them.
Read the first text carefully and then analyze the structure.
When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also bad, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water.
Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic. Because of climate change, there is less ice now, which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative cycle will continue. Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong.
Overfishing is another problem. Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so-called research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. It is huge, but it is more sensitive than we think. If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us.
n. 加仑（容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升）
vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n. 谋杀；凶杀
n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
n. 个人财产；拥有；控制
Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
Exploration causes pollution.
Mining for resources is damaging.
Overfishing is an issue.
Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Plastic pollution
It hurts the Arctic.
Burning fossil fuels adds to climate change.
Whales and dolphins are hunted.
Banned, but some countries still doing it.
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. We should protect the sea.
Read the second text carefully and then analyze the structure.
To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. Therefore, more research is necessary.
Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may help us discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes.
The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.
Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
n. 反对者；对手；竞争者
vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录
n. 正式记录；日志；原木
To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.
Sea exploration is important for our future.
Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better.
We need new resources for future development.
Scientific research ships can help address important issues like climate change.
New medicines, food resources and energy.
Predict events such as earthquakes.
Vast amounts of resources may be under the sea and ice.
Environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs.
Text 2
Text 1
Look at the two charts below and decide which one supports which text.
adj. 海的；海产的；海生的
I think sea exploration is a wonderful idea, because even if there are no immediate rewards for it, to explore and find out more about our world is always a good thing.
Yes, my opinion has changed. Before reading Text 1, I did not know that sea exploration could add to sea pollution, via deep sea drilling for example.
We need to explore the ocean so that we can better understand issues such as acidification which leads to seawater to become more acidic, and how to fight these problems; Studying the ocean causes the creation of new technologies that can help us in other areas.
What is your opinion about sea exploration Do you agree with one argument more than the other
Has your opinion changed after reading the two texts Why or why not
Are there any other aspects of sea exploration not mentioned that you think are important
Suggested Answers
In groups, discuss the following questions and take notes.
Writing
Based on your note, write an argumentative essay on sea exploration, expressing your opinions with supporting facts.
如何写议论文？
议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，运用一定的论证方法通过一定的材料来表明自己的立场、观点或态度的文体。议论文一般由论题、论点、论证和结论构成。
议论文的结构一般分为三部分：
引言段：简要阐释要讨论的主题。
主体段：一般可提出两、三个论据，并分别进行阐述。
结论段：往往用几句话提出自己的看法、意见或建议，从而结束文章。要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话。
引言段 (1) Many students have been faced with the problem of ...
(2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
(3) Recently the issue/phenomenon has aroused a great/wide concern among...
(4) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
(5) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
(6) According to a recent survey, ...
(7) With the rapid development of the economy/society, ...
(8) Recently we held/have held a discussion about whether ...
主体段 (1) As is known to all, ... play(s) an important part/role in our daily life/modern society. However, different people have different opinions.
(2) Some people/The majority of the students think it is important/useful/convenient/a good idea to do ...
(3) Others argue/claim that the opposite is true.
(4) However, as every coin has two sides, ... also has its disadvantages.
结论段 (1) There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but ...
(2) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
(3) It is high time that we took measures to ... / We’d better take effective measures to prevent ...
(4) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
(5) In conclusion, it is important that ...
(6) To solve the above-mentioned problem(s), we must ...
(7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the issue, more problems will come up.
(8) Taking all these into account, we ...
常用表达
The following questions may help you.
What is the purpose of sea exploration
How does sea exploration help us to protect the sea
How does sea exploration cause damage to the sea
Is there a good balance between protection and exploitation
Use the PEEL method to help structure your argument.
Point What point do you want to make
Evidence What facts and examples can you find to support your point How reliable are the sources
Explanation Explain how the facts support your opinion and show other opinions to be incorrect.
Link Connect this point to the next point, or back to the main point of the essay or paragraph.
Write your draft and exchange it with your partner.
Are my opinions clear and do my facts support my opinions
Does my information flow easily from one paragraph to another
Do I stay focused on my point of view throughout the writing
Do I save the most compelling or strongest point for the end of the paper
Does my writing make sense Am I convinced Will my readers be convinced
Self-editing.
Peer-editing.
Get your feedback and revise your draft.
Even though the oceans make up about 70% of the earth’s surface, more than 80% of the oceans remain unexplored. While some people say that we should not explore the oceans, their reasoning is not very sound. Exploring is not the same as exploiting. When we explore a place, we go just to see and understand what is there.
We should explore the ocean, first and foremost, because we do not know what we do not know. We thought we knew many about the ocean, but we were wrong. There could be life forms in the ocean, for example, that fit none of the neat categories we have for life while we have no clue that they even exist.
This brings up the second point. We already know many things about the ocean, but we need to learn more. A good example is ocean acidification. We know that it is causing coral to die. We know that using less fossil fuel would cause the process to slow down. However, we need to learn more to find out how to stop it. We need more research to see what is going on, and to come up with plans and solutions.
Finally, to do this research, we have to enter an extreme environment not very friendly to humans. This requires the development of new technologies that can also benefit us in other areas. For example, in many ways, the deep ocean resembles outer space. The technologies can benefit each other. For another instance, the technology of a mechanical arm (used to collect samples) has been applied in factories and in the development of artificial limbs for humans.
All in all, there are many good reasons to explore the oceans. If we care about science, about protecting our oceans, and about developing new technologies, we need to do all we can to support ocean exploration.
Sample Writing
Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy. (P32)
尽管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
mercy / m si/ n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
搭配
without mercy 无情地，毫不留情地
have mercy on ... / show mercy to ... 宽恕/怜悯……
at the mercy of ... 任……处置，任由……摆布
拓展
merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的
merciless adj. 无情的，残忍的
mercilessly adv. 无情地
Language points
1
例句
The female fox bites and chases without mercy.
母狐狸又咬又追，毫不留情。
God, have mercy on us.
上帝怜悯我们吧。
We were at the mercy of the weather.
我们受制于天气。
He was honored because of this merciful act.
他因为这一仁慈的举动而受到尊重。
The sun beats mercilessly down in the humid air.
太阳在潮湿的空气中无情地照射着。
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. (P32)
海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私产。
possession /p ze n/ n. [usually pl.] 个人财产；拥有；控制
搭配
take possession of ... 占有/拥有/取得……（强调动作）
(be) in possession of ... 拥有…… (be) in the possession of ... 归……所有
例句
We didn’t take possession of the car until a few days after the final payment.
付尾款几天后我们才真正拥有那辆车。
— Is the girl standing at the gate in possession of the car.
站在大门口的那个女孩拥有这辆车吗？
— No. The car is in the possession of her father. 不，这辆车归她爸爸所有。
2
Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. (P32)
记载新物种将提升我们对地球上的生命的了解。
log /l ɡ/ vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录 n. 正式记录；日志；原木
搭配
log in/on 登录，进入（计算机系统）
log out/off 注销，退出（计算机系统）
keep a log 记日志（尤指航海/飞行日志）
logs for the fire 烧火用的木材
例句
Using the computer in hand, you can log on with the password and download the document.
用手头上的电脑，你可以用这个密码登录并下载文件。
3
Homework
Polish your argumentative essay with the advice from your classmates and teacher.
Read your classmates’ argumentative essays and recommend the one you like best.
人教版（2019）选择性必修四
Unit 3 Sea Exploration
Using Language (Reading for Writing)
Express your opinions on sea exploration
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
grasp the structural and linguistic features of argumentative essays;
think critically about the pros and cons of exploring the ocean;
write an argumentative essay to express your opinions on sea exploration.
Lead-in
Why do people explore the sea
exploit resources
discover new species
generate electricity
vt. 开发；利用；剥削
Should the sea be explored
The ocean is a treasure. Just as Xi Jinping says, oceans provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development. Despite regular discoveries about the ocean, much remains unknown. Scientists predict that 95% of the ocean is unmapped and unexplored. So human being is keeping on exploring the ocean. However, there are arguments about sea exploration.
Argument
Evidence
Restatement/recommendation/a call to action
What are the two texts about
What is the type of the two texts
What are the three parts in argumentative essays
Reading
Read the first paragraph of the two texts and answer the following questions.
They are about sea exploration.
Argumentative essays.
A
E & E
A
E & E
A
E & E
A
E
A
E & E
A
E
Then read the two texts and find the arguments and evidence in them.
Read the first text carefully and then analyze the structure.
When people talk of exploring the sea more, they usually mean exploiting it. Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
More exploration means more pollution. The Deepwater Horizon spilled over 200 million gallons of oil into the sea in 2010. Plastic pollution is also bad, killing many birds and fish, and has even been found in our tap water.
Mining for resources is very damaging, especially in the Arctic. Because of climate change, there is less ice now, which means we can look for more fossil fuels further north. But if we burn these, the ice will melt more and this negative cycle will continue. Climate change is warning us that something is very wrong.
Overfishing is another problem. Whales and dolphins are also hunted for their meat or for so-called research. Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy.
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. It is huge, but it is more sensitive than we think. If we do not protect it, future generations will not forgive us.
n. 加仑（容积单位，1英制加仑约等于4.5升）
vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏 n. 谋杀；凶杀
n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
n. 个人财产；拥有；控制
Sea exploration has caused many problems and will continue to cause more.
Exploration causes pollution.
Mining for resources is damaging.
Overfishing is an issue.
Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Plastic pollution
It hurts the Arctic.
Burning fossil fuels adds to climate change.
Whales and dolphins are hunted.
Banned, but some countries still doing it.
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. We should protect the sea.
Read the second text carefully and then analyze the structure.
To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it. Opponents may be concerned, but sea exploration is important for our future. For example, scientific research ships can help address important issues such as climate change. We need to understand what is happening to our planet so that we can take action. Therefore, more research is necessary.
Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better. Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. It may help us discover new medicines, as well as new sources of food and energy. Accessing the deep ocean may also help us to predict events such as earthquakes.
The population of the world is growing and we need new resources for future development. There are probably vast amounts of resources under the sea and ice, not just oil and gas but also valuable minerals.
Of course, there are still environmental risks. However, these should be balanced with economic needs. Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
n. 反对者；对手；竞争者
vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录
n. 正式记录；日志；原木
To truly understand our planet, we must explore the oceans which cover most of it.
Sea exploration is important for our future.
Understanding more about the sea will also help us manage its resources better.
We need new resources for future development.
Scientific research ships can help address important issues like climate change.
New medicines, food resources and energy.
Predict events such as earthquakes.
Vast amounts of resources may be under the sea and ice.
Environmental risks should be balanced with economic needs.
Text 2
Text 1
Look at the two charts below and decide which one supports which text.
adj. 海的；海产的；海生的
I think sea exploration is a wonderful idea, because even if there are no immediate rewards for it, to explore and find out more about our world is always a good thing.
Yes, my opinion has changed. Before reading Text 1, I did not know that sea exploration could add to sea pollution, via deep sea drilling for example.
We need to explore the ocean so that we can better understand issues such as acidification which leads to seawater to become more acidic, and how to fight these problems; Studying the ocean causes the creation of new technologies that can help us in other areas.
What is your opinion about sea exploration Do you agree with one argument more than the other
Has your opinion changed after reading the two texts Why or why not
Are there any other aspects of sea exploration not mentioned that you think are important
Suggested Answers
In groups, discuss the following questions and take notes.
Writing
Based on your note, write an argumentative essay on sea exploration, expressing your opinions with supporting facts.
如何写议论文？
议论文是以议论为主要表达方式，运用一定的论证方法通过一定的材料来表明自己的立场、观点或态度的文体。议论文一般由论题、论点、论证和结论构成。
议论文的结构一般分为三部分：
引言段：简要阐释要讨论的主题。
主体段：一般可提出两、三个论据，并分别进行阐述。
结论段：往往用几句话提出自己的看法、意见或建议，从而结束文章。要注意与引言段呼应，但不能照搬前面的原话。
引言段 (1) Many students have been faced with the problem of ...
(2) Recently the problem has been brought into focus.
(3) Recently the issue/phenomenon has aroused a great/wide concern among...
(4) Nowadays there is a growing concern over ...
(5) Faced with ..., quite a few people argue that ...
(6) According to a recent survey, ...
(7) With the rapid development of the economy/society, ...
(8) Recently we held/have held a discussion about whether ...
主体段 (1) As is known to all, ... play(s) an important part/role in our daily life/modern society. However, different people have different opinions.
(2) Some people/The majority of the students think it is important/useful/convenient/a good idea to do ...
(3) Others argue/claim that the opposite is true.
(4) However, as every coin has two sides, ... also has its disadvantages.
结论段 (1) There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements, but ...
(2) From what has been discussed above, we can draw the conclusion that ...
(3) It is high time that we took measures to ... / We’d better take effective measures to prevent ...
(4) It is necessary that steps should be taken to ...
(5) In conclusion, it is important that ...
(6) To solve the above-mentioned problem(s), we must ...
(7) In summary, if we continue to ignore the issue, more problems will come up.
(8) Taking all these into account, we ...
常用表达
The following questions may help you.
What is the purpose of sea exploration
How does sea exploration help us to protect the sea
How does sea exploration cause damage to the sea
Is there a good balance between protection and exploitation
Use the PEEL method to help structure your argument.
Point What point do you want to make
Evidence What facts and examples can you find to support your point How reliable are the sources
Explanation Explain how the facts support your opinion and show other opinions to be incorrect.
Link Connect this point to the next point, or back to the main point of the essay or paragraph.
Write your draft and exchange it with your partner.
Are my opinions clear and do my facts support my opinions
Does my information flow easily from one paragraph to another
Do I stay focused on my point of view throughout the writing
Do I save the most compelling or strongest point for the end of the paper
Does my writing make sense Am I convinced Will my readers be convinced
Self-editing.
Peer-editing.
Get your feedback and revise your draft.
Even though the oceans make up about 70% of the earth’s surface, more than 80% of the oceans remain unexplored. While some people say that we should not explore the oceans, their reasoning is not very sound. Exploring is not the same as exploiting. When we explore a place, we go just to see and understand what is there.
We should explore the ocean, first and foremost, because we do not know what we do not know. We thought we knew many about the ocean, but we were wrong. There could be life forms in the ocean, for example, that fit none of the neat categories we have for life while we have no clue that they even exist.
This brings up the second point. We already know many things about the ocean, but we need to learn more. A good example is ocean acidification. We know that it is causing coral to die. We know that using less fossil fuel would cause the process to slow down. However, we need to learn more to find out how to stop it. We need more research to see what is going on, and to come up with plans and solutions.
Finally, to do this research, we have to enter an extreme environment not very friendly to humans. This requires the development of new technologies that can also benefit us in other areas. For example, in many ways, the deep ocean resembles outer space. The technologies can benefit each other. For another instance, the technology of a mechanical arm (used to collect samples) has been applied in factories and in the development of artificial limbs for humans.
All in all, there are many good reasons to explore the oceans. If we care about science, about protecting our oceans, and about developing new technologies, we need to do all we can to support ocean exploration.
Sample Writing
Although this was banned in 1982, some countries are still “murdering” these intelligent creatures without mercy. (P32)
尽管早在1982年就已禁止，但有的国家仍在无情地“谋杀”这些聪明的生物。
mercy / m si/ n. 仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
搭配
without mercy 无情地，毫不留情地
have mercy on ... / show mercy to ... 宽恕/怜悯……
at the mercy of ... 任……处置，任由……摆布
拓展
merciful adj. 仁慈的，慈悲的
merciless adj. 无情的，残忍的
mercilessly adv. 无情地
Language points
1
例句
The female fox bites and chases without mercy.
母狐狸又咬又追，毫不留情。
God, have mercy on us.
上帝怜悯我们吧。
We were at the mercy of the weather.
我们受制于天气。
He was honored because of this merciful act.
他因为这一仁慈的举动而受到尊重。
The sun beats mercilessly down in the humid air.
太阳在潮湿的空气中无情地照射着。
The sea is home to life, not human beings’ possessions. (P32)
海洋是生命的家园，而不是人类的私产。
possession /p ze n/ n. [usually pl.] 个人财产；拥有；控制
搭配
take possession of ... 占有/拥有/取得……（强调动作）
(be) in possession of ... 拥有…… (be) in the possession of ... 归……所有
例句
We didn’t take possession of the car until a few days after the final payment.
付尾款几天后我们才真正拥有那辆车。
— Is the girl standing at the gate in possession of the car.
站在大门口的那个女孩拥有这辆车吗？
— No. The car is in the possession of her father. 不，这辆车归她爸爸所有。
2
Logging new species will improve our understanding of life on the earth. (P32)
记载新物种将提升我们对地球上的生命的了解。
log /l ɡ/ vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录 n. 正式记录；日志；原木
搭配
log in/on 登录，进入（计算机系统）
log out/off 注销，退出（计算机系统）
keep a log 记日志（尤指航海/飞行日志）
logs for the fire 烧火用的木材
例句
Using the computer in hand, you can log on with the password and download the document.
用手头上的电脑，你可以用这个密码登录并下载文件。
3
Homework
Polish your argumentative essay with the advice from your classmates and teacher.
Read your classmates’ argumentative essays and recommend the one you like best.