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八年级下册期中复习（一）
【单元重点梳理】
知识精讲
Unit 1 What’s the matter
一、基本知识点
What’ s the matter 怎么啦？出什么事情了？
【解析】matter/ ' m t (r)) /n.问题；事情
What’ s the matter with you = What’s the trouble with you = What’ s wrong with you 你怎么了？
【注】 ： matter 和 trouble 为名词， 其前可加 the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the
【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时,与介词 with 连用。即：
What’s the matter with sb. = What’s your trouble = What’s up = What happens to sb.
— What’s the matter with you
— I have a bad cold.
I had a cold.我感冒了 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒
have a fever 发 烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼
have a toothache 牙 疼 have a headache 头疼
身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛
much too+ 形容词，意为 太...... ，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。
enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough 放在名前，形副后。good enough 足够好，enough money=much money
lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式 lay；lie 说谎，过去式 lied
maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be 的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry. Sound
like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车
agree 同意，赞同；
agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to Li Lei.
trouble 问题，麻烦； be in trouble 遇到麻烦 make trouble 制造麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulty (in) doing sth 做有麻烦。
right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。
advice [不可数名词] 劝告，建议，向…征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；
advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth.
【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼
当 exercise 意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加 s
当 exercise 意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加 s
hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.
不及物动词，……（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.
clean 【动词】 打扫，clean the classroom 打扫教室，【形容词】干净的，cleaner 意为清洁工
17. hit（用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.
hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打较硬的部位；
hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的部位。
18. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；
His grandpa was used to country life.
Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.
get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作： It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.
【复习】free [形容词]空闲的 free time；免费的 the drink is for free；
自由的 I want to become a free bird. Free
【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：He could not free his arm.
run out 用完，用尽
When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物 sth. run out. 某物用尽了。
人 sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。
He run out of all his money last night.
risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险
the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的
23. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision 做决定 ;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。
24.be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control 无法控制，无法管理 be under control 被控制住，在控制之中
25.【复习】mind 意为 介意 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 , Would you mind my opening the window
26. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；
give up 后可接名词、代词和动词 ing 形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.
二、重点语法
【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
【用法】
人 称 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：
Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.
可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today.
可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。
如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.
用在某些固定短语当中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself 摔伤自己
say to oneself 自言自语
leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西
introduce oneself 介绍……自己
【提醒】
反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。
（误）Myself can finish my homework.
(正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”
时，须要用one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。
（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
基本知识点
sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语 Mary could not come because she is sick.
也可作定语a sick child
【区别 ill】ill 与 sick 同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.
cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来 The good news cheered up everyone in our class.
give out 分发；散发，相当于 hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give sth. out to sb. 意为 把某物分发给某人 。
volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ，
The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.
used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。There used to be a cinema here. 这里曾有一个照相机。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。
alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself. lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.
care for sb./sth.照顾；照料……
care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事
→【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless粗心的 →【副词】carefully仔细地
such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词
such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：
such a good day 多么美好的一天
such an exciting match 多么精彩的比赛
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议
such delicious food多么美味的食物
如果名词前被many, much, few, little 修饰时，只能用 so，而不用 such：so many sick children/ so little time
try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…
Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year. try out 试用，试验
journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程； trip【名词】多指短途旅行；
travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler 旅行者
【复习】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情
12【. 复习】
try doing sth. 试着去做某事 try to do sth 尽力去做某事
try one’s best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人、某事
14. raise money 集资，筹钱；raise money for…为……筹钱raise【动词】举起；提高；募集
15. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物） ；keep+形容词，保持
16.【形容词】broken 破损的，出毛病的；blind 瞎的，失明的；deaf 聋的；disabled 有残疾的，丧失能力的；在句中做定语和表语。
make it possible (for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成可能，
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为…；
think/find it +形容词 to do sth.
17. make a difference to…对……有影响；对……有作用，difference 前可以用no, any, some, much 等修饰， 如
The rain made no difference to the game.
Hard-working makes much difference to study.
difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数； have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
train【动词】训练，trained 为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog
be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋 ，Everyone is excited about the good news.
【复习】excited 意为 兴奋的，修饰人；exciting 意为 令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。
order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）follow the order。
change【动词】变化，改变 It’s hard for a person to change his life(style).
【名词】变化；零钱change A for B 用A 换成 B：
When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.
repair 【动词】修理，修补； fix【动词】安装；使固定 【fix up 修理=repair】
Unit3 Could you please clean your room
基本知识点
I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。
two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
How time is flies! Three years is (be) really a short time.
Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？
【解析】take out 拿出；取出
The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .
我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析 1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” Please write to me the minute you get there.
【解析 2】come over 过来
I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！ 【解析】as...as ... 和......一样......
For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.
一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语） 也不”
⑴ neither 两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定
Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V 助 / V 情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second.
The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.
第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。
【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语
【注】find → found →found v 寻找
find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事
find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……
find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 She found _it hard to finish the work by herself. 7.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？
【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把 悬挂/挂起
Could you please pass me the salt 你能把盐递给我吗？
【解析】pass ⑴v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递
Please pass the paper on to the other students.
⑵ v 通过；路过 I pass your home.
⑶ v 通过（考试） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.
Could I borrow that book 我能借下你那本书看吗？
Could you lend me some money 你能借我一些钱吗？
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入,与 from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】
borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物
You can borrow the book from the library.
(2)lend 借出 ,与 to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】
【记】 I want to a bike from my friend but he didn’t _ ___it to me,
because Tom had ________it for two days.
Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.
为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。
【解析 1】spend... on sth 在某事上花费......
spend/pay/cost/take 花费
spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth ◆sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sth
spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.
Remember to spend some time ______ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever. My father one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.
pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.
— How much did you _____for this computer — Five hundred dollars.
cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱
A new computer costs me a lot of money.
I bought a new sweater last weekend. It_______ me 120 yuan. (4)take→took → taken v 花费
It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.
【解析 2】in order to “目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。 in order to do sth 为了做某事
He ran quickly in order not to be late for the meeting.
【解析3】get into =enter 进入
It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。
【解析】provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
provide v 提供
provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介词用 for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介词 with)供应某人某物相当于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.
provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给” provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us a lot of information what we need.
② —Could you please provide us some information about the students’ health
— Of course, it’s my pleasure.
13.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。
【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v→development n 发展→developing adj. 发展的→developed adj. 发达的
a developing country 一 个 发 展 中 国 家 a developed country 一 个 发 达 国 家
14.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。
【解析】since conj. 既然 (表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）
.—You have been in Neijiang very long —Yeah. my parents came here.
15 .The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.
孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
【解析】the + 比较级， the + 比较级 “越...... 越 ”
The more you smile, the________you will feel.
(
单词拼写
)【模块一】词汇复习
My fever has gone, but I have a c day and night.
He has a f________and a temperature of 38.5 degrees centigrade.
3.Little Anna may hurt h if she is left alone at home.
4.The plane landed safely and all the p got off. 5.Susan had no t working out the problems.
6 My grandpa feels sad every time he thinks of the cat’s d_________.
7.We tried our best to r ___ enough money to help the disabled.
8.Don’t be too hard on him. He didn’t m _______ to do it.
9.She saved your life at the r _ ____of her own. In fact, she almost died.
10.You can i _______how different the table manners there are from ours.
11.I exercise every day so that I can be as s as my brother.
12.A d __ person can’t hear.
It’s a long j from Beijing to Hangzhou.
The little boy can fix up his toy car without d .
He didn’t mean that. You u his words in the wrong way.
16.I don’t think children should d ____on their parents too much.
17.John often helps his mother do c _____, like folding the clothes , taking out the rubbish or cleaning the living room.
18.Alice h ____to do the dishes, but she likes sweeping the floor.
19Playing computer games too much is a w _____of your time.
20.My bike is broken. Could you l ____me yours, please
21.We s _____the floor just half an hour ago.
22.S _____everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
Keys：1.cough 2.fever 3.herself 4.passengers 5.trouble 6.death 7.raise 8.mean 9.risk 10.imagine 11.strong 12.deaf 13. journey 14.difficulty 15.understood 16.depend 17.chores 18.hates 19.waste 20.lend 21.swept 22.since
(
词组训练
)
to our surprise give up take risks run out
be used to doing have problems in set up in the control of
come up with make a difference to put off give away
take out make one’s bed in a mess depend on
The traffic lights are a central computer.
Don’t what can be done today till tomorrow.
In the end, we a good idea and solved the problem.
, the lost dog returned to his owner’s home by itself at last.
5.Never until your dreams come true.
6.My money has and I have to turn to my parents for help.
7.As teachers, we believe that we can the lives of our students.
8.Rome(罗马) was not in a day.
9.I_ drinking a cup of water after meal.
You can ask your friends for help if you making a plan.
11.When Mr. Jiang got home, he would find his flat .
12.Thank you very much for the trash.
13.Mother asks her son to after getting up.
14.The price of the computer what kind you want to buy.
Keys：1.in the control of 2.put off 3.came up with 4.To our surprise 5.give up
6. run out 7.set up 8.make a difference to 9.am used to 10.have problems in
11. In a mess 12.taking out 13.make his bed 14.depends on
(
【考点一】询问身体状况及表达的句型
)【模块二】重难点精讲
1.-- What’s the matter you -- I have pains in the eyes. 2.If you have a toothache, you should .
A.see a dentist B. lie down and have a rest C. go to school D. drink a lot of water 3.The woman went to see the doctor because her back (hurt).
4.--What’s wrong with you --_ .
A. I’m fine. Thanks. B. How do you do C. I’m busy now. D.I have a bad cold.
The manager came up to see .
(
【考点二】情态动词
)A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
【考点说明】
(
对情态动词的考查上主要集中于
can, must,
may
，
should
等词的用法，尤其是
can
,
must
,
may
表示推测和可能性的用法。而且可以看出考查越来越侧重根据语境，
尤其是根据暗示词和暗示语来判断说话人的语气、态度，从而选择恰当的情态动词。常考的题型为短语填空和完形填空。
)
---What do you want to eat for lunch I’ll prepare earlier today.
--- Honey ,you .Let’s go out to have something different.
A.mustn’t B. can’t C.shouldn’t D. don’t have to
We be careful when crossing the road.There are too many cars now.
A. can B. may C. should D. could
- May I take this book out of the reading room -No, you . You read it here.
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 4.--- you make so much noise ---Sorry. I’ll take care not to.
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Would
(
【考点三】动词不定式
)
(
在语法中，动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态
的形式。它之所以被叫做不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词形变化所局
限。不定式属于非谓语动词。
) (
知识点一 充当句子的宾语
)
动词需为及物动词
We need (休息)from the computer.
.(我们计划在周六野餐。)
We expect in the final exams.(我们期待在期末考试中取得好成绩。)
(
知识点二 充当宾语补足语
)
He expected most or all of the passengers
(get)off and wait for the next bus.
Father will not allow (父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。) 3.Robert (请求我们帮助他）,so he can finish his task.
【注意】
动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去 to：“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)”。
(
知识点三 充当句子的状语
)
Mom makes me eat an apple every day the doctor away.
A. keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept 2.Lily likes English very much . She does her best (learn) English well. 3.After that , he climbed down the mountains (find) help.
(
知识点四 不定式的否定形式
)
1.The teacher asked us so much noise.
A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make 2.My teacher told me (不要迟到).
Mrs. Smith asked her daughter after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never driver
C. never driving D. never drive
(
【考点四】动词词组
)
(
动词
+
副词
如：
give up
放弃；
turn off
关掉；
stay up
熬夜
这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放在短语动词后。
动词
+
介词如：
listen
to
听
;look
at
看；
belong
to
属于
（这个短语没有被动式，要注意
）
这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。
动词
+
副词
+
介词如：
come up with
提出，想出
（
常考短语
）
run out of
用完，耗尽
动词
+
名词
（
介词
）
如：
take part
in
参加；
catch hold of
抓住
)
The teachers encourage their students to the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.
A. give up B. work out C. look through D. hand out 2.UNICEF was in 1946. It works to help children live a better life.
A. set up B. put up C. made up D. turned up 3.He seems very sad. Let’s him .
The teacher came into the classroom and (分发)the papers as quickly as possible.
Shirley will for the lead in the play.（雪莉将参加该剧主角的选拔演出.） 6.Recycling is good, so don't bottles or newspapers.
A. find out B. hand in C. use up D. throw away 7.CoCo Lee was born in Hong Kong but in America.
A. picked up B. took up C. grew up D. dressed up 8.Your daughter doesn’t (像)you in any way. You are quiet, but she is outgoing.
【考点预测】
She is kind of shy so it’s not easy her (make) friends.
My uncle has given up (smoke). He looks very healthy now.
policeman saw two thieves a girl’s mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.
A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen
---Can you tell me French fries, Jane
--- First, you need all the ingredients.
A. what to make B. when to make C. how to make D. why to make
If you smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. may C. must D. might 6.Spring has come. We can't (推迟)the plan. The trees must be planted this week.
Learning Chinese really my mind to the Chinese world.
called up B. turned up C. opened up D. made up
8.Dick _ in America, but he has been _ Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live; used to eating B. is used to live; used to eat
C. is used to live; used to eating D. used to living ; used to eat
-What did Mr. Green say to his son -He told him (不要抽烟) .
Many students in our school the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.
worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care
11.The map makes easier for us to travel around the city.
A. them B. this C. that D. it
12.The children in the poor areas have few books to read. Let’s some books to them.
A. give away B. hand out C. take out D. put out
Keys:
考点一
with 2.A 3.hurt 4.D5.A
考点二
1.D 2.C3.D4.A
考点三
知识点一 1.to take risks 2.We plan to have a picnic on Saturday. 3.We expect to get good grades.
知识点二 1.to get 2.us to play on the street 3.asks us to help him
知识点三 1.C2.to learn 3.to find 知识点四 1.D 2.not to be late 3. A
考点四1.B 2.A 3.cheer up 4.gave out /hand out 5.try out 6.D 7.C 8.take after
【考点预测】
for, to make 2.smoking 3.steal 4.C 5.C
6.put off 7.C 8.A 9.not to smoke 10.B 11.D 12.A
(
短文填空
)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
Once upon a time, there were four seeds 1. were good friends. They traveled by wind and came to a forest. They hide( 藏 ) themselves in the ground, and hoped that they would be able to grow into big 2. (tree).
But when the first seed began to grow, they 3. (realize) it would not be such an easy task. There lived a group of monkeys, and the smallest monkeys loved to throw bananas 4. any plant that started to grow. They threw so many bananas at the first seed that she was almost cut into two. When she told the other seeds 5. happened, they thought that it would be better to wait until the monkeys went away.
They all agreed with that, except the first seed. She thought she would at least try it . When she tried, she was 6. (hurt) by bananas. The other seeds asked her to stop trying, 7. she had made up her mind to become a tree. She tried again and again. Every time she was hit by bananas, she would try harder. The scars(伤疤)left by the bananas helped her grow 8. (strong) than the other seeds. Later, she could withstand (经受住)the hit of bananas. She had already grown so well that the monkeys couldn't hurt her 9. (bad).
At last, she grew into the biggest tree in the forest. The other seeds still hide 10. (them) in the ground, hoping the monkeys would go away soon.
B
There was a boy who was sent to a boarding school(寄宿学校). Before that he was the 1. (bright)student in his class. He was at the top in every competition. But things changed（ 改 变）2. that. His grades started 3. (drop). He hated being in a group. He was lonely all the time. He felt really sad and that no one loved 4. (he).
His parents began to worry. But even they didn’t know5. was wrong. So his dad decided to visit the school and talk with him.
They sat on the bank of the lake near the school. The father started asking him casual(随便的) 6. (question)about his classes, teachers and sports. Then he asked,“Do you know, son,7. I am here today ”
The boy said, “To check my grades ”
“No, no,” his dad replied. “I am here to tell you that you are the most important person 8. me. I want to see you’re happy. I don’t care about grades. I care about you. I care about your 9. (happy). YOU ARE MY LIFE.”
Now the boy had everything he wanted. He knew there 10. (be)someone on this earth who cared for him very much. He meant the world to someone.
“Thanks a lot, Dad. YOU ARE MY LIFE! ”
Keys:
A 篇 1.who 2.trees 3.realized 4.at 5.what 6.hurt 7.but 8.stronger 9.badly 10.themselves
B 篇 1.brightest 2. after 3. dropping 4. him 5. what
6. questions 7. why 8. for 9. happiness 10. was
(
完型真题
)【模块三】完型和阅读
Do you know that humans have been cleaning their teeth for over 7,000 years According to the BBC,the Ancient Egyptians used a type of toothpaste( 牙 膏 ). 1 it is believed that the Egyptians used a finger 2 a toothbrush to clean their teeth. Chinese people may have 3 the first toothbrush around l,600 BC.
Your toothbrush, however, may have also become 4 . Because it is now possible to clean our teeth 5 using our hands!
Two Canadians, Adel Elseri and Said Fayad, have invented( 发明 ) 6 called T2T or “tongue-to-teeth”. Elseri says he came up with the idea 7 he was driving home after a long day at work. His 8 is a toothbrush that goes onto your tongue(舌). T2T has special edges(边缘) and toothpaste. So just 9 your tongue over your teeth and it cleans your teeth just like a toothbrush 10 ! It will make your breath fresh too.
Elseri and Fayad made this hand-free toothbrush because they believed it was a 11 way for someone to brush their teeth. But people can only use the T2T 12 .
Would you use the tongue-to-teeth The Huffington Post in the US 13 readers what they thought. Sixty-one percent said that they would use it while only thirty-nine percent said they 14 Personally I think I'm going to stick to(坚持用) the 15 !
1. A. So B. Then C. But D. Or
2. A. instead of B. because of C. more than D. less than
3. A. discovered B. developed C. built D. invented
4. A. science . B. history C. problem D. secret
5. A. by B. from C. without D. for .
6. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something
7. A. until B. when C. since D. though
8. A. idea B. story C. word D. plan
9. A. hold B. pull C. move D. check
10. A. is B. does C. was D. did
11. A. healthier B. easier C. harder D. longer
12. A. again B. soon C. once D. already
13. A. told B. asked C. warned D. advised
14. A. shouldn't B. should C. wouldn't D. would
15. A. finger B. toothbrush C. mouth D. Tongue
Keys: 1-5. C A D B C 6-10. D B A C B 11-15. B C B C B
(
完型模拟
)
We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually 1 some things.
Electricity is one thing 2 we waste most. Lights, TVs, 3 and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off when we do not need them. It 4 less than a second to do it. Anyhow, not wasting electricity save money, because we do not have to 5 the electricity we do not use.
The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious, 6 it shouldn't be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap. I am sure 7 can do this easily if he wants to. 8 big waste is food. My mother 9 cook so much food that much of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much
10 . She thought I was right and now cooks 11 what we can eat.
It is not 12 to be wasteful. I find there is a simple 13 of not wasting things. That is to use only what we 14 . Do not touch what we do not need. 15 this way we can stop being wasteful.
( )1. A. use B. wash C. waste D. forget
( )2. A. what B. that C. whose D. who
( )3. A. radios B. apples C. bikes D. doors
( )4. A. brings B. costs C. keeps D. takes
( )5. A. afford B. save C. pay for D. care for
( )6. A. though B. because C. so D. but
( )7. A. nobody B. something C. everybody D. nothing
( )8. A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other
( )9. A. planned to B. used to C. was able to D. was afraid to
( )10. A. electricity B. water C. food D. money
( )11. A. mainly B. only C. mostly D. specially
( )12. A. right B. fine C. bad D. necessary
( )13. A. way B. thing C. plan D. project
( )14. A. buy B. need C. bring D. get
( )15. A. On B. In C. For D. At
Keys：1-5：C B A D C 6-10: C C C B C 11-15: B A A B B
(
阅读真题
)A
Perhaps the only test score that I remembered is the 55 when I was in high school.
The test was the final for a course. I remembered waiting anxiously as my teacher Mr. Right passed out our papers one by one. It was a rather difficult test. I heard my classmates groaning, and I could tell by the groans that the scores weren’t looking good.
Mr. Right put my paper on my desk. There in big red numbers, circled to draw attention, was my
score, 55!
I lowered my head, and covered the score up quickly. A 55 is not something that you wanted your classmates to see. “The scores were not very good, none of you passed,” Mr. Right said. “The highest score in the class was a 55.”
A 55. That’s me!
Suddenly my sad look didn’t look so bad. I had the highest score. I felt a lot better.
I walked home alone that day with the low but high score. My father knew that I had a big test that day and asked me as soon as I got home, “How did you do in your test ” “I made a 55,” I said.
A frown( 皱 眉 ) now stood on my father’s face. I knew I had to explain immediately. “But Dad, I had the highest score in the class, ” I proudly stated. I thought that explanation would make a difference. “You failed!” my father replied. “But it’s the highest!” I insisted. “I don’t care what scores others had, but you failed. What matters is what you do!” my father firmly said.
For years, my father was always that way. It didn’t matter what others did, it only mattered what I did and that I did it excellently.
We often don’t understand the wisdom（智慧）of good parents until
we ourselves stand in the parents’ shoes. My father’s words have carried me throughout life.
The word “groaning” is the closest in meaning to .
A.singing B. laughing C. complaining D. quarreling
In class, to hide my score from my classmates, I .
A. lowered my head B. covered my score up
C. walked home alone D. explained immediately
A frown stood on my father’s face because he thought .
A. I did a bad job in the test B. I gave a good excuse
C. I became the worst student D. I stood in his shoes
We can infer from the passage that .
A. the father was strict with his child B. the writer was always poor in tests
C. Mr. Right was worried about the writer D. the writer was always happy with his scores
Which is the best title of the passage
A. The Final Test B. That’s Me!
C. My Strict Teacher D.Scores,
Keys: C B A A D
B
Important
Halloween is a strange holiday. It started several centuries ago
in Europe. 1 At that time November 1st was called "All Saints' Day" ( 万 生 日 ) and people honored all the saints who did not have their own special day. People believed that all the spirits of dead people were active on the night of October 31st. 2
3 , probably because Halloween festivals and
traditions took place at night. 4 , so orange has become the other traditional Halloween color. Making lanterns out of pumpkins is a Halloween custom.
Halloween is great fun for children. They dress up as ghosts ( 鬼 ) or witches ( 女 巫 ). Small children go "Trick - or- Treating". ____5 People almost always choose to give them candy as a treat, instead of choosing to receive a trick from the children. Adults sometimes "trick or treat" their friends, too. Usually the "treat" is a glass of" wine or some small gifts.
Pumpkins are a symbol of Halloween
So people would play all sorts of tricks on each other.
Black is one of the traditional Halloween colors
They wear costumes, knock on doors, and shout, " Trick or Treat!"
It began as "Hallow Evening" which means "holy night".
Keys: EBCAD
(
阅读模拟
)
A
Empathy( 同 情 心 ) lets us feel another person’s pain and drives us to help. Do any other animals feel empathy Scientists recently found that rats(老鼠) do, too.
Most people don’t like rats. In many people’s eyes, rats are only bad. But Jean Decety and his partners at the University of Chicago did an experiment. It showed that rats are kind, warm-hearted animals. They can feel each other’s pain.
Scientists placed pairs of rats in plastic cages(笼子) for two weeks. During this time they got to
know each other. Then they put one of the rats from each pair into a small container( 容 器 ) in the cages. The small container had a door. It was so designed as to fall to the side when the free rat touched it. Many of the trapped(困住的) rats squeaked(吱吱叫) to show their discomfort. The other rats of the pairs could see their suffering friends clearly.
In most pairs, the free rats would become very worried about their friends. They kept trying to save their friends again and again throughout the month. Scientists put the rats’ favorite chocolate in the cages, but the rats didn’t eat it until they had saved their friends successfully. Scientists also found that female rats seemed to act more empathetic than male rats.
“The results are the first to show that rats take action in response to another’s trouble,” Decety said. “Monkeys and chimpanzees have similar behavior. But unlike those animals, rats can be ready used in laboratory studies. They will help us to learn which parts of the brain lead to empathy and helping behavior and whether empathy is natural.”
A person with empathy is often .
A. kind-hearted B. clever C. active D. strong
What does the underline word mean in Chinese
A.休息的 B.睡着的 C.死亡的 D.受苦的
Why didn’t the free rats eat the chocolate at first
Because they were full at that time.
Because chocolate was not their favorite food.
Because they wanted to save the trapped rats first.
Because they were afraid that the chocolate was bad.
Which of the following animals were NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Monkeys. B. Cats. C. Rats. D. Chimpanzees.
What does the passage mainly tell us
Rats can feel other animals’ pain.
B. Chocolate is rats’ favorite food.
C. Female rats are more empathetic than male rats.
D. Rats are empathetic and can feel each other’s pain.
Keys: ADCBD
B
Hip-hop Planet
1 Countries like France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture．But where did this strange speaking-singing style come from Many centuries ago, in West Africa, traditional (传统的)storytellers played musical instruments( 乐 器 ) while they were telling stories．When this tradition travelled from West Africa to the USA, it developed into different musical styles．For example, blues and jazz． 2 And in the 1970s, there were many poor areas in New York．There wasn’t any money for music lessons in schools, so kids
made their own music．Teenagers Africa and DJ Here played their records outside in the streets．Everybody joined in．MCs had rapping（说唱） competitions．Every week, there were talented new dancers, new DJs and new MCs．Hip-hop culture was born.
3 It was 1980．I was at a party in New York．There was a young DJ at the party．He was playing records． While he was putting a record on, a kid picked up a microphone（话筒） and began tapping． Some other kids were break-dancing to the music．It was loud and boring, and I hated it．I preferred jazz.
4 Today’s successful American artists like Missy and her friend Tim heard it on the radio when they were growing up.
The last time I heard hip-hop, I was in West Africa． 5 I was going to interview a traditional storyteller when I met a young hip-hop artist, He told me there are hundreds of rap groups in Africa today．We live on a hip-hop planet.
I remember the first time I heard hip-pop
You can find hip-pop everywhere you go.
I was writing a book about African-Americans.
During the 1980s, hip-pop became popular all over the USA.
These styles all started in poor African-Americans areas(地区).
Keys: BEADC
【模块四】
(
作文预测
)
杭州市被评为“全国文明城市”(National civilized city)。你学校的 English club 正在举办以“文明福州，持续文明”为主题的征文活动，请你根据以下的内容提示及要求写一篇应征稿。
内容提示：◆尊敬师长，明礼诚信 ◆友善待人，乐才助人
◆遵守交规，不闯红灯 ◆保护环境，(写 2—3 个例子) 要 求：1)词数 80 左右，不包含已给出的句子的词数；
2)内容完整，意思连贯，语句通顺，书写规范。
参考词汇：respect (v. 尊敬), polite, honest, obey, traffic lights, protect the environment
Civilized Fuzhou going on
We are glad that Hangzhou is now among the national civilized cities. As students, what shall we do to keep up the good work
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In short, if everyone makes contributions, our city will be better and better.
Key:
One possible version:
Civilized Hangzhou going on
We are glad that Hangzhou is now among the national civilized cities. As students, what shall we do
to keep up the good work
First of all, we should respect our teachers, parents and the old. Also, we ought to be polite and honest. Second, it's always good to be kind, friendly and helpful to others. Third, we must obey traffic rules and mustn't cross the streets when the traffic lights are red. Last but not least, it's important and necessary to help protect the environment. For example, we shouldn't spit here and there or throw litter about. We'd better not pick flowers or step on the grass.
In short, if everyone makes contributions, our city will be better and better.
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
八年级下册期中复习（一）
【单元重点梳理】
知识精讲
Unit 1 What’s the matter
一、基本知识点
What’ s the matter 怎么啦？出什么事情了？
【解析】matter/ ' m t (r)) /n.问题；事情
What’ s the matter with you = What’s the trouble with you = What’ s wrong with you 你怎么了？
【注】 ： matter 和 trouble 为名词， 其前可加 the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the
【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时,与介词 with 连用。即：
What’s the matter with sb. = What’s your trouble = What’s up = What happens to sb.
— What’s the matter with you
— I have a bad cold.
I had a cold.我感冒了 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒
have a fever 发 烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼
have a toothache 牙 疼 have a headache 头疼
身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词
stomach+ache=stomachache head+ache=headache tooth+ache=toothache back+ache=backache 后背痛
much too+ 形容词，意为 太...... ，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。
enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough 放在名前，形副后。good enough 足够好，enough money=much money
lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式 lay；lie 说谎，过去式 lied
maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right.
may be，是情态动词+be 的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry. Sound
like+名词代词和从句：It sounds like you don’t know the truth.
It sounds like a good idea.
sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice.
need 需要，实义动词need+名词，需要某物；
need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class.
need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing.
get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车
agree 同意，赞同；
agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to Li Lei.
trouble 问题，麻烦； be in trouble 遇到麻烦 make trouble 制造麻烦
have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulty (in) doing sth 做有麻烦。
right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。
advice [不可数名词] 劝告，建议，向…征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议；
advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise doing sth.
【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼
当 exercise 意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加 s
当 exercise 意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加 s
hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising.
不及物动词，……（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly.
clean 【动词】 打扫，clean the classroom 打扫教室，【形容词】干净的，cleaner 意为清洁工
17. hit（用手或器具）打；击打 The boy hit the dog with a stone.
hit sb. on the head/ nose/ back 打某人的头、鼻子、后背，on 用在所打较硬的部位；
hit sb. in the face/ eye/ stomach 打某人的脸、眼睛、肚子，in 用在所打较软的部位。
18. be used to sth./ doing sth.习惯于、适应了……、做某事，强调状态；
His grandpa was used to country life.
Mary is not used to getting up early in the morning.
get/ become used to sth./ doing sth. “变得习惯，逐渐适应……”强调过程、动作： It’s difficult for one to get used to another country’s habit.
【复习】free [形容词]空闲的 free time；免费的 the drink is for free；
自由的 I want to become a free bird. Free
【动词】使……解脱，得到自由：He could not free his arm.
run out 用完，用尽
When his water run out, he knew that he would have to do something to save his own life.
物 sth. run out. 某物用尽了。
人 sb. run out of sth. 人用尽了某物。
He run out of all his money last night.
risk (sb.) to do sth. 冒险去做某事 take a risk=take risks 冒险
the importance of (doing) sth.（做）某事的重要性
We students should know the importance of (learning) English.
importance n. 重要（性）， important adj.重要的，unimportant adj.不重要的
23. decision 【名词】决定；抉择； make a decision 做决定 ;
make a decision to do sth.= decide to do sth. 。
24.be in the control of …掌管，管理 The headmaster is in the control of this new school. be out of control 无法控制，无法管理 be under control 被控制住，在控制之中
25.【复习】mind 意为 介意 mind doing sth. 介意做某事 , Would you mind my opening the window
26. give up (doing) sth. 放弃（做）某事，give up (playing) computer games；
give up 后可接名词、代词和动词 ing 形式，也可不接，如: Never give up easily.
二、重点语法
【反身代词】英语中共有八个反身代词，在使用时应注意和它所指的相应的对象在人称、性别、数上保持一致。
【用法】
人 称 数 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
单数 myself yourself himself herself itself
复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
可用作宾语，指的是宾语和主语表示同一个或同一些的人或事物。如：
Maria bought herself a scarf. We must look after ourselves very well.
可用作表语，指的是表语和主语表示同一个或同一些人或事物。 如： She isn’t quite herself today.
可用作主语或宾语的同位语，常用来加强语气。
如：She herself will fly to London tomorrow. I met the writer himself last week.
用在某些固定短语当中。
look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth./ learn sth. by oneself 自学
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快
help oneself to sth 请自用……（随便吃/喝些……）. hurt oneself 摔伤自己
say to oneself 自言自语
leave sb. by oneself 把某人单独留下
buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西
introduce oneself 介绍……自己
【提醒】
反身代词不能单独做主语，但可以做主语的同位语，起强调作用。 如：我自己能完成作业。
（误）Myself can finish my homework.
(正) I myself can finish my homework. / I can finish my homework myself.
反身代词表示“某人自己”不能表示“某人的东西”，因为它没有所有格的形式。表达“某人自己的（东西）”
时，须要用one’s own.
如：我用我自己的蜡笔画画。
（误）I’m drawing with myself crayons.
(正) I’m drawing with my own crayons.
Unit 2 I’ll help to clean up the city parks
基本知识点
sick 生病的，有病的；可在句中作表语 Mary could not come because she is sick.
也可作定语a sick child
【区别 ill】ill 与 sick 同义；但是只在句中做表语，不做定语。Mary could not come because she is ill.
cheer (sb.) up（让某人）变得高兴；振奋起来 The good news cheered up everyone in our class.
give out 分发；散发，相当于 hand out，The teacher is giving out/ handing out the test papers. give sth. out to sb. 意为 把某物分发给某人 。
volunteer 【名词】志愿者 【动词】义务做，自愿做（某事）volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事 ，
The girls could volunteer in an after-school study program.
used to do sth.过去/曾经(常)做某事，表示过去的习惯、动作或状态，并强调现在已经不再存在或发生。There used to be a cinema here. 这里曾有一个照相机。
They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们告诉我关于这里过去的故事。
alone 【形容词】独自一人的，无感彩：The musician enjoyed living alone and writing songs himself. lonely （感到）孤独寂寞的，带有很强的感彩，可做表语或定语。The lonely boy is not lonely now.
care for sb./sth.照顾；照料……
care 【名词】小心，关心take care of=look after →【动词】care about sb./sth.关心，在意某人/事
→【形容词】careful 仔细的 / careless粗心的 →【副词】carefully仔细地
such “这样的，这种，如此”，用于修饰名词
such+ a/ an+形容词+单数名词：
such a good day 多么美好的一天
such an exciting match 多么精彩的比赛
such+形容词+复数名词/不可数名词：such important decisions 多么重要的建议
such delicious food多么美味的食物
如果名词前被many, much, few, little 修饰时，只能用 so，而不用 such：so many sick children/ so little time
try out for…参加…选拔，争取成为…
Thirty football players tried out for the Best Player of the year. try out 试用，试验
journey 【名词】（尤指长途）旅行，行程； trip【名词】多指短途旅行；
travel【名词、动词】travel around the world →【名词】traveler 旅行者
【复习】be busy with sth. 忙于（做）什么事情 be busy doing sth. 忙于（做）什么事情
12【. 复习】
try doing sth. 试着去做某事 try to do sth 尽力去做某事
try one’s best (to do sth.) 尽某人最大的努力去做某事
13.【复习】be worried about sb./ sth. = worry about sb./ sth. 担心某人、某事
14. raise money 集资，筹钱；raise money for…为……筹钱raise【动词】举起；提高；募集
15. keep【动词】keep+名词，保留（某物） ；keep+形容词，保持
16.【形容词】broken 破损的，出毛病的；blind 瞎的，失明的；deaf 聋的；disabled 有残疾的，丧失能力的；在句中做定语和表语。
make it possible (for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成可能，
You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky.
make it +形容词(+for sb.) to do sth. 使（某人）做某事成为…；
think/find it +形容词 to do sth.
17. make a difference to…对……有影响；对……有作用，difference 前可以用no, any, some, much 等修饰， 如
The rain made no difference to the game.
Hard-working makes much difference to study.
difficulty【可数/不可数】表示抽象意义的“困难”时为不可数；表示具体的“难题、难事”时为可数； have difficulty (in) doing sth.= have trouble (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
train【动词】训练，trained 为过去分词，可做定语，意为“受过训练的”a trained dog
be excited about sth. 对某事感到兴奋 ，Everyone is excited about the good news.
【复习】excited 意为 兴奋的，修饰人；exciting 意为 令人兴奋/激动的，修饰物。
order【名词】命令，指示；顺序，次序【动词】订购；点（菜）follow the order。
change【动词】变化，改变 It’s hard for a person to change his life(style).
【名词】变化；零钱change A for B 用A 换成 B：
When you travel in China, remember to change US dollars for RMB.
repair 【动词】修理，修补； fix【动词】安装；使固定 【fix up 修理=repair】
Unit3 Could you please clean your room
基本知识点
I think two hours of TV is enough for you! 我觉得你看两个小时的电视已经足够了。
two hours of TV 表示时间、距离、金额、度量等词语作主语时，通常被视作整体，谓语动词用单数形式。
How time is flies! Three years is (be) really a short time.
Could you take out the rubbish,fold the clothes and do the dishes
你能把垃圾倒了。把衣服叠好，再把碗洗了吗？
【解析】take out 拿出；取出
The minute I sat down in front of the TV, my mom came over .
我刚坐在电视机前面，我妈妈就过来了。
【解析 1】the minute = as soon as “一...... 就......” Please write to me the minute you get there.
【解析 2】come over 过来
I’m just as tired as you are! 我和你一样累！ 【解析】as...as ... 和......一样......
For one week , she did not do any housework and neither did I.
一周的时间，她不做任何家务，我也不做。
【解析】neither +助动词/系动词/情态动词 +主语 “某人（主语） 也不”
⑴ neither 两者都不
neither …nor… 既不…也不…,连接两个词做主语，谓语动词由后一个主语确定
Neither Tom nor Jim is a student
⑵ 表达“…也不……” 则用 “Neither /Nor + be / V 助 / V 情 + 主”
—The first one wasn’t bad. — Neither was the second.
The next day , my mom came home from work to find the house clean and tidy.
第二天，妈妈下班回到家后发现房间很干净、整洁。
【解析】find +宾语+宾语补足语
【注】find → found →found v 寻找
find sb. doing sth 发现某人做某事
find it + adj. + to do sth 发现做某事很……
find it difficult/ hard to do sth 发现做某事很困难 She found _it hard to finish the work by herself. 7.Could I hang out with my friends after the movie 看完电影后我能和朋友们一起闲逛吗？
【解析】hang out 闲逛 hang up 把 悬挂/挂起
Could you please pass me the salt 你能把盐递给我吗？
【解析】pass ⑴v 给；递；走过；通过 pass sb.sth 把某物递给某 Pass on 传递
Please pass the paper on to the other students.
⑵ v 通过；路过 I pass your home.
⑶ v 通过（考试） ；及格 Tom can pass his math exam.
Could I borrow that book 我能借下你那本书看吗？
Could you lend me some money 你能借我一些钱吗？
【解析】borrow /lend/keep
(1)borrow 借入,与 from 连用，尤指主语“【借进来”】
borrow sth from sb. 从某人那里借某物
You can borrow the book from the library.
(2)lend 借出 ,与 to 搭配 【指借出去】
lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 把某物借给某人 He doesn’t want to lend his book to others. (3)keep 保留，保存（延续动词，可以与表示一段时间的状语连用）【指借一段时间】
【记】 I want to a bike from my friend but he didn’t _ ___it to me,
because Tom had ________it for two days.
Housework is a waste of their time. 做家务是在浪费他们的时间。
They should spend their time on schoolwork in order to get good grades and get into a good university.
为了取得好成绩并考上一所好大学，他们应该把时间用在学习上。
【解析 1】spend... on sth 在某事上花费......
spend/pay/cost/take 花费
spend→spent→spent v 花费,主语是人
sb.+ spend +时间/钱+on sth ◆sb. +spend +时间/钱+（in） doing sth
spend on= pay for 支付
He spends too much time on the computer games.
Remember to spend some time ______ your loved ones, because they’re not going to be around forever. My father one hundred thousand yuan on his new car.
pay →paid →paid v 支付，主语是人
sb.+ pay + 钱+for sth I pay 10 yuan for the book.
— How much did you _____for this computer — Five hundred dollars.
cost→ cost→ cost v 花费，主语是某物或某事
sth cost sb. +钱 某物花费某人多少钱
A new computer costs me a lot of money.
I bought a new sweater last weekend. It_______ me 120 yuan. (4)take→took → taken v 花费
It takes /took sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多长时间
It takes him 3 hours to do his homework.
【解析 2】in order to “目的是；为了” 后接动词原形。 in order to do sth 为了做某事
He ran quickly in order not to be late for the meeting.
【解析3】get into =enter 进入
It is the parents’ job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children.
在家为孩子们提供一个干净、舒适的环境是父母的义务。
【解析】provide sth. for sb. 为某人提供某物
provide v 提供
provide sb. with sth. (sb 前介词用 for) =provide sth for sb.( sth 前需加介词 with)供应某人某物相当于：offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.
provide 为应急等做好准备而“提供； 供给” provide sb. with sth. =provide sth for sb.提供某人某物
offer 侧重表示“愿意给予” offer sb. sth. = offer sth to sb.对某人提供某物 offer to do sth 主动提出干某事
supply 定期“供应” , 强调替代或补充所需物品 Supply sb. with sth=supply sth. to sb. 为某人提供某物
①The Internet provides us a lot of information what we need.
② —Could you please provide us some information about the students’ health
— Of course, it’s my pleasure.
13.Doing chores helps to develop children’s independence and teaches them how to look after themselves. 做杂务不仅可以培养孩子们的独立性还可以教 他们如何照顾自己。
【解析】develop independence 培养独立意识
develop v→development n 发展→developing adj. 发展的→developed adj. 发达的
a developing country 一 个 发 展 中 国 家 a developed country 一 个 发 达 国 家
14.Since they live in one house with their parents, they should know that everyone should do their part in keeping it clean and tidy.
既然他们和父母同住在一个房子里，他们应该知道保持家里干净、整洁每个人都应该参与。
【解析】since conj. 既然 (表示对方已知的事实或理由，常放在句首）
.—You have been in Neijiang very long —Yeah. my parents came here.
15 .The earlier kids learn to be independent , the better it is for their future.
孩子们越早学会独立，对他们的未来越好。
【解析】the + 比较级， the + 比较级 “越...... 越 ”
The more you smile, the________you will feel.
(
单词拼写
)【模块一】词汇复习
My fever has gone, but I have a c day and night.
He has a f________and a temperature of 38.5 degrees centigrade.
3.Little Anna may hurt h if she is left alone at home.
4.The plane landed safely and all the p got off. 5.Susan had no t working out the problems.
6 My grandpa feels sad every time he thinks of the cat’s d_________.
7.We tried our best to r ___ enough money to help the disabled.
8.Don’t be too hard on him. He didn’t m _______ to do it.
9.She saved your life at the r _ ____of her own. In fact, she almost died.
10.You can i _______how different the table manners there are from ours.
11.I exercise every day so that I can be as s as my brother.
12.A d __ person can’t hear.
It’s a long j from Beijing to Hangzhou.
The little boy can fix up his toy car without d .
He didn’t mean that. You u his words in the wrong way.
16.I don’t think children should d ____on their parents too much.
17.John often helps his mother do c _____, like folding the clothes , taking out the rubbish or cleaning the living room.
18.Alice h ____to do the dishes, but she likes sweeping the floor.
19Playing computer games too much is a w _____of your time.
20.My bike is broken. Could you l ____me yours, please
21.We s _____the floor just half an hour ago.
22.S _____everyone is here, let’s begin our meeting.
(
词组训练
)
to our surprise give up take risks run out
be used to doing have problems in set up in the control of
come up with make a difference to put off give away
take out make one’s bed in a mess depend on
The traffic lights are a central computer.
Don’t what can be done today till tomorrow.
In the end, we a good idea and solved the problem.
, the lost dog returned to his owner’s home by itself at last.
5.Never until your dreams come true.
6.My money has and I have to turn to my parents for help.
7.As teachers, we believe that we can the lives of our students.
8.Rome(罗马) was not in a day.
9.I_ drinking a cup of water after meal.
You can ask your friends for help if you making a plan.
11.When Mr. Jiang got home, he would find his flat .
12.Thank you very much for the trash.
13.Mother asks her son to after getting up.
14.The price of the computer what kind you want to buy.
(
【考点一】询问身体状况及表达的句型
)【模块二】重难点精讲
1.-- What’s the matter you -- I have pains in the eyes. 2.If you have a toothache, you should .
A.see a dentist B. lie down and have a rest C. go to school D. drink a lot of water 3.The woman went to see the doctor because her back (hurt).
4.--What’s wrong with you --_ .
A. I’m fine. Thanks. B. How do you do C. I’m busy now. D.I have a bad cold.
The manager came up to see .
(
【考点二】情态动词
)A. what was the matter B. what the matter was C. what the matter is D. what's the matter
【考点说明】
(
对情态动词的考查上主要集中于
can, must,
may
，
should
等词的用法，尤其是
can
,
must
,
may
表示推测和可能性的用法。而且可以看出考查越来越侧重根据语境，
尤其是根据暗示词和暗示语来判断说话人的语气、态度，从而选择恰当的情态动词。常考的题型为短语填空和完形填空。
)
---What do you want to eat for lunch I’ll prepare earlier today.
--- Honey ,you .Let’s go out to have something different.
A.mustn’t B. can’t C.shouldn’t D. don’t have to
We be careful when crossing the road.There are too many cars now.
A. can B. may C. should D. could
- May I take this book out of the reading room -No, you . You read it here.
A. mightn’t B. won’t C. needn’t D. mustn’t 4.--- you make so much noise ---Sorry. I’ll take care not to.
A. Must B. Can C. May D. Would
(
【考点三】动词不定式
)
(
在语法中，动词不定式是指动词的一种不带词形变化从而不指示人称、数量、时态
的形式。它之所以被叫做不定式，是因为动词不被限定，或者说不被词形变化所局
限。不定式属于非谓语动词。
) (
知识点一 充当句子的宾语
)
动词需为及物动词
We need (休息)from the computer.
.(我们计划在周六野餐。)
We expect in the final exams.(我们期待在期末考试中取得好成绩。)
(
知识点二 充当宾语补足语
)
He expected most or all of the passengers
(get)off and wait for the next bus.
Father will not allow (父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。) 3.Robert (请求我们帮助他）,so he can finish his task.
【注意】
动词不定式作使役动词和感官动词的宾语补足语时应省去 to：“一感(feel)，二听(listen to, hear)，三让(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch, notice)，半帮助(help)”。
(
知识点三 充当句子的状语
)
Mom makes me eat an apple every day the doctor away.
A. keeps B. is kept C. to keep D. kept 2.Lily likes English very much . She does her best (learn) English well. 3.After that , he climbed down the mountains (find) help.
(
知识点四 不定式的否定形式
)
1.The teacher asked us so much noise.
A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make 2.My teacher told me (不要迟到).
Mrs. Smith asked her daughter after drinking.
A. never to drive B. to never driver
C. never driving D. never drive
(
【考点四】动词词组
)
(
动词
+
副词
如：
give up
放弃；
turn off
关掉；
stay up
熬夜
这种结构有时相当于及物动词，如果其宾语是代词，就必须放在动词和副词之间，如果是名词，则既可插在动词和副词之间，也可放在短语动词后。
动词
+
介词如：
listen
to
听
;look
at
看；
belong
to
属于
（这个短语没有被动式，要注意
）
这种结构相当于及物动词，后面跟宾语。
动词
+
副词
+
介词如：
come up with
提出，想出
（
常考短语
）
run out of
用完，耗尽
动词
+
名词
（
介词
）
如：
take part
in
参加；
catch hold of
抓住
)
The teachers encourage their students to the problems by themselves, and in this way students can enjoy success.
A. give up B. work out C. look through D. hand out 2.UNICEF was in 1946. It works to help children live a better life.
A. set up B. put up C. made up D. turned up 3.He seems very sad. Let’s him .
The teacher came into the classroom and (分发)the papers as quickly as possible.
Shirley will for the lead in the play.（雪莉将参加该剧主角的选拔演出.） 6.Recycling is good, so don't bottles or newspapers.
A. find out B. hand in C. use up D. throw away 7.CoCo Lee was born in Hong Kong but in America.
A. picked up B. took up C. grew up D. dressed up 8.Your daughter doesn’t (像)you in any way. You are quiet, but she is outgoing.
【考点预测】
She is kind of shy so it’s not easy her (make) friends.
My uncle has given up (smoke). He looks very healthy now.
policeman saw two thieves a girl’s mobile phone on a bus and he caught them at once.
A. to steal B. stealing C. stole D. stolen
---Can you tell me French fries, Jane
--- First, you need all the ingredients.
A. what to make B. when to make C. how to make D. why to make
If you smoke, please go outside.
A. can B. may C. must D. might 6.Spring has come. We can't (推迟)the plan. The trees must be planted this week.
Learning Chinese really my mind to the Chinese world.
called up B. turned up C. opened up D. made up
8.Dick _ in America, but he has been _ Chinese food since he moved to China.
A. used to live; used to eating B. is used to live; used to eat
C. is used to live; used to eating D. used to living ; used to eat
-What did Mr. Green say to his son -He told him (不要抽烟) .
Many students in our school the old and they usually offer their seats to them on buses.
worry about B. care for C. agree with D. take care
11.The map makes easier for us to travel around the city.
A. them B. this C. that D. it
12.The children in the poor areas have few books to read. Let’s some books to them.
A. give away B. hand out C. take out D. put out
(
短文填空
)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1 个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
A
Once upon a time, there were four seeds 1. were good friends. They traveled by wind and came to a forest. They hide( 藏 ) themselves in the ground, and hoped that they would be able to grow into big 2. (tree).
But when the first seed began to grow, they 3. (realize) it would not be such an easy task. There lived a group of monkeys, and the smallest monkeys loved to throw bananas 4. any plant that started to grow. They threw so many bananas at the first seed that she was almost cut into two. When she told the other seeds 5. happened, they thought that it would be better to wait until the monkeys went away.
They all agreed with that, except the first seed. She thought she would at least try it . When she tried, she was 6. (hurt) by bananas. The other seeds asked her to stop trying, 7. she had made up her mind to become a tree. She tried again and again. Every time she was hit by bananas, she would try harder. The scars(伤疤)left by the bananas helped her grow 8. (strong) than the other seeds. Later, she could withstand (经受住)the hit of bananas. She had already grown so well that the monkeys couldn't hurt her 9. (bad).
At last, she grew into the biggest tree in the forest. The other seeds still hide 10. (them) in the ground, hoping the monkeys would go away soon.
B
There was a boy who was sent to a boarding school(寄宿学校). Before that he was the 1. (bright)student in his class. He was at the top in every competition. But things changed（ 改 变）2. that. His grades started 3. (drop). He hated being in a group. He was lonely all the time. He felt really sad and that no one loved 4. (he).
His parents began to worry. But even they didn’t know5. was wrong. So his dad decided to visit the school and talk with him.
They sat on the bank of the lake near the school. The father started asking him casual(随便的) 6. (question)about his classes, teachers and sports. Then he asked,“Do you know, son,7. I am here today ”
The boy said, “To check my grades ”
“No, no,” his dad replied. “I am here to tell you that you are the most important person 8. me. I want to see you’re happy. I don’t care about grades. I care about you. I care about your 9. (happy). YOU ARE MY LIFE.”
Now the boy had everything he wanted. He knew there 10. (be)someone on this earth who cared for him very much. He meant the world to someone.
“Thanks a lot, Dad. YOU ARE MY LIFE! ”
(
完型真题
)【模块三】完型和阅读
Do you know that humans have been cleaning their teeth for over 7,000 years According to the BBC,the Ancient Egyptians used a type of toothpaste( 牙 膏 ). 1 it is believed that the Egyptians used a finger 2 a toothbrush to clean their teeth. Chinese people may have 3 the first toothbrush around l,600 BC.
Your toothbrush, however, may have also become 4 . Because it is now possible to clean our teeth 5 using our hands!
Two Canadians, Adel Elseri and Said Fayad, have invented( 发明 ) 6 called T2T or “tongue-to-teeth”. Elseri says he came up with the idea 7 he was driving home after a long day at work. His 8 is a toothbrush that goes onto your tongue(舌). T2T has special edges(边缘) and toothpaste. So just 9 your tongue over your teeth and it cleans your teeth just like a toothbrush 10 ! It will make your breath fresh too.
Elseri and Fayad made this hand-free toothbrush because they believed it was a 11 way for someone to brush their teeth. But people can only use the T2T 12 .
Would you use the tongue-to-teeth The Huffington Post in the US 13 readers what they thought. Sixty-one percent said that they would use it while only thirty-nine percent said they 14 Personally I think I'm going to stick to(坚持用) the 15 !
1. A. So B. Then C. But D. Or
2. A. instead of B. because of C. more than D. less than
3. A. discovered B. developed C. built D. invented
4. A. science . B. history C. problem D. secret
5. A. by B. from C. without D. for .
6. A. nothing B. everything C. anything D. something
7. A. until B. when C. since D. though
8. A. idea B. story C. word D. plan
9. A. hold B. pull C. move D. check
10. A. is B. does C. was D. did
11. A. healthier B. easier C. harder D. longer
12. A. again B. soon C. once D. already
13. A. told B. asked C. warned D. advised
14. A. shouldn't B. should C. wouldn't D. would
15. A. finger B. toothbrush C. mouth D. Tongue
(
完型模拟
)
We are lucky to live in a rich country where we have many things. However, most of us usually 1 some things.
Electricity is one thing 2 we waste most. Lights, TVs, 3 and other things are often kept on even when no one is using them. We should turn them off when we do not need them. It 4 less than a second to do it. Anyhow, not wasting electricity save money, because we do not have to 5 the electricity we do not use.
The second thing that we often waste is water. Fresh water is precious, 6 it shouldn't be wasted. It is only a simple matter of turning off a tap. I am sure 7 can do this easily if he wants to. 8 big waste is food. My mother 9 cook so much food that much of it was thrown away. I told her we had wasted so much
10 . She thought I was right and now cooks 11 what we can eat.
It is not 12 to be wasteful. I find there is a simple 13 of not wasting things. That is to use only what we 14 . Do not touch what we do not need. 15 this way we can stop being wasteful.
( )1. A. use B. wash C. waste D. forget
( )2. A. what B. that C. whose D. who
( )3. A. radios B. apples C. bikes D. doors
( )4. A. brings B. costs C. keeps D. takes
( )5. A. afford B. save C. pay for D. care for
( )6. A. though B. because C. so D. but
( )7. A. nobody B. something C. everybody D. nothing
( )8. A. Others B. Other C. Another D. The other
( )9. A. planned to B. used to C. was able to D. was afraid to
( )10. A. electricity B. water C. food D. money
( )11. A. mainly B. only C. mostly D. specially
( )12. A. right B. fine C. bad D. necessary
( )13. A. way B. thing C. plan D. project
( )14. A. buy B. need C. bring D. get
( )15. A. On B. In C. For D. At
(
阅读真题
)A
Perhaps the only test score that I remembered is the 55 when I was in high school.
The test was the final for a course. I remembered waiting anxiously as my teacher Mr. Right passed out our papers one by one. It was a rather difficult test. I heard my classmates groaning, and I could tell by the groans that the scores weren’t looking good.
Mr. Right put my paper on my desk. There in big red numbers, circled to draw attention, was my
score, 55!
I lowered my head, and covered the score up quickly. A 55 is not something that you wanted your classmates to see. “The scores were not very good, none of you passed,” Mr. Right said. “The highest score in the class was a 55.”
A 55. That’s me!
Suddenly my sad look didn’t look so bad. I had the highest score. I felt a lot better.
I walked home alone that day with the low but high score. My father knew that I had a big test that day and asked me as soon as I got home, “How did you do in your test ” “I made a 55,” I said.
A frown( 皱 眉 ) now stood on my father’s face. I knew I had to explain immediately. “But Dad, I had the highest score in the class, ” I proudly stated. I thought that explanation would make a difference. “You failed!” my father replied. “But it’s the highest!” I insisted. “I don’t care what scores others had, but you failed. What matters is what you do!” my father firmly said.
For years, my father was always that way. It didn’t matter what others did, it only mattered what I did and that I did it excellently.
We often don’t understand the wisdom（智慧）of good parents until
we ourselves stand in the parents’ shoes. My father’s words have carried me throughout life.
The word “groaning” is the closest in meaning to .
A.singing B. laughing C. complaining D. quarreling
In class, to hide my score from my classmates, I .
A. lowered my head B. covered my score up
C. walked home alone D. explained immediately
A frown stood on my father’s face because he thought .
A. I did a bad job in the test B. I gave a good excuse
C. I became the worst student D. I stood in his shoes
We can infer from the passage that .
A. the father was strict with his child B. the writer was always poor in tests
C. Mr. Right was worried about the writer D. the writer was always happy with his scores
Which is the best title of the passage
A. The Final Test B. That’s Me!
C. My Strict Teacher D.Scores,
B
Important
Halloween is a strange holiday. It started several centuries ago
in Europe. 1 At that time November 1st was called "All Saints' Day" ( 万 生 日 ) and people honored all the saints who did not have their own special day. People believed that all the spirits of dead people were active on the night of October 31st. 2
3 , probably because Halloween festivals and
traditions took place at night. 4 , so orange has become the other traditional Halloween color. Making lanterns out of pumpkins is a Halloween custom.
Halloween is great fun for children. They dress up as ghosts ( 鬼 ) or witches ( 女 巫 ). Small children go "Trick - or- Treating". ____5 People almost always choose to give them candy as a treat, instead of choosing to receive a trick from the children. Adults sometimes "trick or treat" their friends, too. Usually the "treat" is a glass of" wine or some small gifts.
Pumpkins are a symbol of Halloween
So people would play all sorts of tricks on each other.
Black is one of the traditional Halloween colors
They wear costumes, knock on doors, and shout, " Trick or Treat!"
It began as "Hallow Evening" which means "holy night".
(
阅读模拟
)
A
Empathy( 同 情 心 ) lets us feel another person’s pain and drives us to help. Do any other animals feel empathy Scientists recently found that rats(老鼠) do, too.
Most people don’t like rats. In many people’s eyes, rats are only bad. But Jean Decety and his partners at the University of Chicago did an experiment. It showed that rats are kind, warm-hearted animals. They can feel each other’s pain.
Scientists placed pairs of rats in plastic cages(笼子) for two weeks. During this time they got to
know each other. Then they put one of the rats from each pair into a small container( 容 器 ) in the cages. The small container had a door. It was so designed as to fall to the side when the free rat touched it. Many of the trapped(困住的) rats squeaked(吱吱叫) to show their discomfort. The other rats of the pairs could see their suffering friends clearly.
In most pairs, the free rats would become very worried about their friends. They kept trying to save their friends again and again throughout the month. Scientists put the rats’ favorite chocolate in the cages, but the rats didn’t eat it until they had saved their friends successfully. Scientists also found that female rats seemed to act more empathetic than male rats.
“The results are the first to show that rats take action in response to another’s trouble,” Decety said. “Monkeys and chimpanzees have similar behavior. But unlike those animals, rats can be ready used in laboratory studies. They will help us to learn which parts of the brain lead to empathy and helping behavior and whether empathy is natural.”
A person with empathy is often .
A. kind-hearted B. clever C. active D. strong
What does the underline word mean in Chinese
A.休息的 B.睡着的 C.死亡的 D.受苦的
Why didn’t the free rats eat the chocolate at first
Because they were full at that time.
Because chocolate was not their favorite food.
Because they wanted to save the trapped rats first.
Because they were afraid that the chocolate was bad.
Which of the following animals were NOT mentioned in the passage
A. Monkeys. B. Cats. C. Rats. D. Chimpanzees.
What does the passage mainly tell us
Rats can feel other animals’ pain.
B. Chocolate is rats’ favorite food.
C. Female rats are more empathetic than male rats.
D. Rats are empathetic and can feel each other’s pain.
B
Hip-hop Planet
1 Countries like France, Brazil and even Japan have their own hip-hop culture．But where did this strange speaking-singing style come from Many centuries ago, in West Africa, traditional (传统的)storytellers played musical instruments( 乐 器 ) while they were telling stories．When this tradition travelled from West Africa to the USA, it developed into different musical styles．For example, blues and jazz． 2 And in the 1970s, there were many poor areas in New York．There wasn’t any money for music lessons in schools, so kids
made their own music．Teenagers Africa and DJ Here played their records outside in the streets．Everybody joined in．MCs had rapping（说唱） competitions．Every week, there were talented new dancers, new DJs and new MCs．Hip-hop culture was born.
3 It was 1980．I was at a party in New York．There was a young DJ at the party．He was playing records． While he was putting a record on, a kid picked up a microphone（话筒） and began tapping． Some other kids were break-dancing to the music．It was loud and boring, and I hated it．I preferred jazz.
4 Today’s successful American artists like Missy and her friend Tim heard it on the radio when they were growing up.
The last time I heard hip-hop, I was in West Africa． 5 I was going to interview a traditional storyteller when I met a young hip-hop artist, He told me there are hundreds of rap groups in Africa today．We live on a hip-hop planet.
I remember the first time I heard hip-pop
You can find hip-pop everywhere you go.
I was writing a book about African-Americans.
During the 1980s, hip-pop became popular all over the USA.
These styles all started in poor African-Americans areas(地区).
【模块四】
(
作文预测
)
杭州市被评为“全国文明城市”(National civilized city)。你学校的 English club 正在举办以“文明福州，持续文明”为主题的征文活动，请你根据以下的内容提示及要求写一篇应征稿。
内容提示：◆尊敬师长，明礼诚信 ◆友善待人，乐才助人
◆遵守交规，不闯红灯 ◆保护环境，(写 2—3 个例子) 要 求：1)词数 80 左右，不包含已给出的句子的词数；
2)内容完整，意思连贯，语句通顺，书写规范。
参考词汇：respect (v. 尊敬), polite, honest, obey, traffic lights, protect the environment
Civilized Fuzhou going on
We are glad that Hangzhou is now among the national civilized cities. As students, what shall we do to keep up the good work
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
In short, if everyone makes contributions, our city will be better and better.
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