(共19张PPT)
如何攻克词语运用
初中英语题型做题技巧之
目录
一 词类的变化
二 句子结构分析
三 上下文的理解
四 总结
一 词类的变化
名词 (n.)
代词(pron.)
数词(num.)
形容词(adj.)
副词(adv.)
动词(v.)
连词(conj.)
介词(prep.)
冠词(art.)
1.名词 (n.)
与名词相关的词形变换形式各有两种：名词复数形式和名词所有格。
如：much （information）；
many （desk） ;
（woman）Day。
【应考技巧】掌握名词复数和名词所有格的变化形式。
another 另一个
few / a few / little / a little
2. 代词(pron.)
（1）人称代词(宾格) / 物主代词 (形代，名代) / 反身代词
（2）不定代词:
something/anything/everything/nothing both......and either......or/neither......nor
other +名词复数 =others
others: some......others
the other: one......the other一个....，另一个......
the others = the other + 名词复数
another 另一个
few / a few / little / a little
【应考技巧】牢记代词的主格与宾格、形代与名代、反身代的变化形式。
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如： (three) days;
the (three) day;
two （three）of the students ;
【应考技巧】牢记数词的基数词、序数词、分数的变化形式。
分子基数词，分母序数词，分子大于一，分母加s
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
4.形容词（adj.）
（1）原形: adi+ 名词 / 不定代词+adi (形容词作定语)
be/感官动词/其他系动词+adi (形容词作表语)
make / think+宾语+adj (形容词作宾补)
as+ adj 原形+as 与.……一样
变反义词:happy--unhappy lucky--unlucky
特殊句型: It is +adj +(for/of sb) + to do sth.
so +adij+ that(如此……以至于)
too+ adi+ to do sth (太....而不能)
adj+enough + to do sth(足够...做某事)
感叹句:how +adj+ 主语+ 系动词
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
（2）比较级: be+adj 比较级 + than
adj比较级 + than any other+名词单数:比其他任何一个都.……
比较级+ and+ 比较级 (more and more+形容词原形):越来越....…
the + adj比较级，the+adj 比较级: 越......，越.....
be+ the + adj比较级 + of the two:两者中较……的一个
much/a little/even +adj比较级
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
（3）最高级: be + the/形容词性物主代词 + adj最高级+名词
one of the + adj最高级 + 名词复数: 最……之一
the+序数词 + adj最高级 + 名词: 第几最.....
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
5.副词（adv.）
(1)方式副词修饰动词作状语(方式副词经常可以由形容词+ly变为副词)
(2)比较级/最高级
(3)程度副词：much/so/quite/really/too/enough
程度副词 + adj/adv (其中much + 比较级)
(4)其他副词:also / still/ almost / nearly / hardly /never /usually /suddenly
【应考技巧】牢记形容词、副词比较级和最高级的变化表。
much, even, still, far, a little, a lot, a bit 修饰形容词和副词的比较级
形修名，副修动
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
6.动词（v.）
(1)谓语动词
主语 + do / does / did （一般现在时和过去时动词的形式）
主语 + be (am/is/ are/was/were)+ doing （现在进行和过去进行时动词的形式）
主语 + be (am/is/are/was/were)+ done (考察被动语态)
主语 + have / has + done (考察现在完成时)
(2)非谓语动词
to do不定式 / doing动名词 / 分词(v-ing现在分词 / v-ed过去分词)
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
7.连词(conj.)
（1）并列连词
and；both......and；neither......nor；not only......but (also)；or/either......or ；
but；however；so
（2）从属连词
宾语从句
状语从句
定语从句
that/if/whether(是否)
what/who/whose
how/why/when/where
时间状从: when/as soon as/until /since(现完)/before/after/as
条件状从: if(如果)/unless(除非)/as long as
原因状从: because
让步状从: although/though
结果状从: so......that / such......that
地点状从: where
目的状从: so that/in order that
方式状从: as that/which
that / which
who / whose
when/where/why
3．数词(num.)
与相关的词形变换形式有三种：
如：______(three) days;
the _____ (three) day;
two ______ （three）of the students ;
8.介词(prep.)
（1）固定搭配
（2）介词短语作状语/定语等
9.冠词(art.)
a/an/the冠词是名词标志the用法需特别记忆
二 句子结构分析
1.主语后是动词
2.名词前是形容词或名词所有格
3.动词后是副词，形容词前是副词
4.两个句子之间是连词
5.be动词后是形容词
三 上下文理解
dirty with have always time they large want speak lesson first drop
After a quick breakfast, I went into the Lecture hall in a hurry. A famous teacher was 66 _______ to the students. He was holding up a $100 bill. Then he said to the three hundred students, “Who would like this $100 bill”
四 总结
词类变形要记清，
句子结构分析透，
上下联系重理解，
逻辑推理要合理。
练
习
She help happy problem meaning important they if become end although real
Believe it or not, my friends always came first in my heart in the past because I wanted to make 65 happy.When someone asked me for help, I always said , “ Yes!
“Can you help me with my English " Grace asked me on the first day after she 66 my deskmate. “Of course ,” I answered without thinking twice.Grace worked 67 hard on her subjects. And she always asked me for help 68 I didn't have much time for her.
One day after school, while I was doing homework, Grace's phone call came. She complained(抱怨) a lot and most of her words were 69 . But I didn't say no to her. When Grace 70 the call, it was 00 :15 am. I still had lots of homework to do. I felt so tired and began to cry almost at once. I came to know one thing: Helping Grace had a bad influence(影响) on my study. For students, study should be the 7l thing of all. Grace had to come second. It was time for me to say no!
“Can you give me a hand ” Grace asked the next day. “ Sorry... l just have to do math 72 ,”I answered,“ All right. It's up to you,”she said. I felt relaxed(放松的)when I heard her words. So it was not so hard to say no at all.
In fact, I feel much 73 now after learning to say no. More importantly, I have more time for my study. Of course, I still try my best 74 others. But sometimes I will say no because I know what I should do first.名词
Information ; desks ; Women’s
3.数词
three ; third ; thirds
三 上下文理解
speaking
练习
her 66. became 67. really 68. although 69. meaningless
70. ended 71. most important 72. problems 73. happier 74. to help
