UNIT 3 Section Ⅳ
夯基提能
Ⅰ.阅读理解
In America, we have a thing called stand-up comedy.This popular form of entertainment consists of a comedian standing up at the front of a club, holding a microphone, and telling jokes.Of course, comedy is popular in Chinese culture as well, but the performances are quite different from the style in the US.In China, it's called cross-talk, which usually involves two guys engaging in an entertaining dialogue.
It's believed that cross-talk came into being in the Qing Dynasty as a bit of a by-product of the imitation shows that were a popular form of entertainment in the Song Dynasty.After the PRC was established in 1949, this comedic art became more and more popular.Today, it's still heavily featured in the CCTV New Year's Gala programmes in China.The 1990s was the golden age of cross-talk: even foreigners studied the art of cross-talk.Mark Roswell, a Canadian named Da Shan in Chinese was relatively unknown in his native land but was a superstar in China.At the turn of the century, cross-talk began to decline, and many well-known actors left the stage.
There are four skills that are essential in cross-talk: speaking, imitating, teasing, and singing.Most of the time, it is performed with two actors—one serves as the lead actor while the other plays a support role.However, sometimes it is performed simply as a one-man show, and at other times there are several actors.In order to criticize something, the humor involved in cross-talk is satirical.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统曲艺相声的起源、发展和文化影响力。
1．What's the difference between American stand-up comedy and Chinese cross-talk？
A．Chinese cross-talk actors don't use a microphone.
B．American stand-up comedy actors are all men.
C．Chinese cross-talk is more liked by Canadians.
D．American stand-up comedy is only a one-man show.
解析：D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“This popular form of entertainment consists of a comedian standing up at the front of a club...”可知，美国脱口秀节目往往只是一个人在表演。故选D。
2．Which word can best summarize Paragraph 2？
A．History. B．Future.
C．Features. D．Difference.
解析：A 主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了中国相声的起源、发展、繁荣和衰退的历史。故history能够概括本段内容。故选A。
3．What can we know about Mark Roswell？
A．He was an American stand-up comedian.
B．He was very popular with Canadians.
C．He was a famous cross-talker in China.
D．He left the stage in the early 1990s.
解析：C 推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第二、三句“...even foreigners studied the art of cross-talk.Mark Roswell...was a superstar in China”可知，Mark Roswell是一位在中国很著名的相声演员。故选C。
4．What's the meaning of the underlined word “satirical” in Paragraph 3？
A．Acid-tongued. B．Good-tempered.
C．Warm-hearted. D．Smooth-tongued.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据第三段尾句中的“In order to criticize something...”可知，相声为了达到批评的效果，采用的应是讥讽的语言。其他三个选项不能实现“批判”的目的。故选A。
Ⅱ.语法填空
Drinking water is good for your body.It has surprising health benefits such as making you happy and energetic.There are many 1. (reason) why water should be a must in your diet.
If you are 2. (look) for a product that helps you recover and become younger, water is 3. good choice.It can help your skin recover faster 4. being injured.Hot water even helps your skin become smooth.
Water is 5. keeps the food moving down through your body.If there's not enough water in the body, it'll be too difficult for the food 6. (pass) through the body.Warm water helps break down food faster and can 7. (effective) relieve your pain.According to a study, drinking two cups of water will increase the speed of digesting(消化) by about 30 percent.This includes warm water, 8. increases your body temperature so the food can 9. (digest) faster.
Hot water can also play a role in 10. (clean) your skin, so in a way it is a natural skin care product.Fewer harmful bacteria(细菌) in the skin mean a smaller risk of suffering skin diseases.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了水对我们身体健康的重要性。
解析：
1．reasons 考查名词复数。reason意为“原因”，为可数名词，且many后面需加可数名词复数形式。故填reasons。
2．looking 考查动词时态。主语you与look for是主动关系，根据句意，此处表示“最近一段时间正在进行的动作”，使用现在进行时，已有助动词are，空处需填现在分词形式。故填looking。
3．a 考查冠词。choice为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且good发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
4．after 考查介词。此处表示“在受伤后”。故填after。
5．what 考查表语从句。空处引导表语从句，且作从句的主语，表示“……的事物”。故填what。
6．to pass 考查非谓语动词。It is＋adj.＋for...to do...为固定句型，it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。故填to pass。
7．effectively 考查副词。修饰动词relieve需用副词作状语。故填effectively。
8．which 考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词warm water，指物，且空处在定语从句中作主语。故填which。
9．be digested 考查被动语态。the food和digest为被动关系，需用被动语态，情态动词can后面需用动词原形。故填be digested。
10．cleaning 考查非谓语动词。介词in后面需加动名词作宾语。故填cleaning。
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UNIT 3 DIVERSE CULTURES
Section Ⅳ 写作指导
演练佳作
假设你是李华，是一名导游，你将带领一个外国旅游团游览广州。请你用英语写一篇导游词来简单介绍广州。要点如下：
1．地处中国南部，是中国的重点城市之一；
2．占地面积约7,434平方千米；
3．2,200多年的历史，是古代海上丝绸之路的重要港口；
4．著名旅游景点：广州塔、珠江等。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to Guangzhou！I'm more than glad to tell you something about this city.
Wish you to have a good time!
写作步骤
一、审题谋篇
体裁：说明文——介绍广州
人称：第三人称
时态：一般现在时
文章结构：
第一段：表示欢迎；
第二段：介绍地理位置、面积、旅游景点等；
第三段：表达祝愿。
二、要点陈述
1．广州地处中国南部，是中国的重点城市之一。
Guangzhou，one of the important cities of China，_________________
_____________.
2．广州占地面积约7,434平方千米。
Guangzhou ____________________ about 7,434 square kilometres.
3．广州是一个拥有2,200多年历史的文化名城。
Guangzhou is a famous cultural city _____________________________
____________.
is located in the south
of China
covers an area of
with a history of more than 2,200
years
4．它是古代海上丝绸之路的重要港口。
It ____________ an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
5．广州有许多旅游景点，如广州塔、珠江等。
There are many ________________ in Guangzhou, such as Canton Tower, the Pearl River，etc.
6．它们吸引了来自世界各地的大量游客。
They attract _______________ tourists from all over the world.
served as
tourist draws
a great many
三、句式升级
1．用非谓语动词合并句1和句2。
Guangzhou，one of the important cities of China，is located in the south of China，covering an area of about 7,434 square kilometres.
2．用“not only...but also...”结构合并句3和句4。
Not only is Guangzhou a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,200 years，but it also served as an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.
3．用非限制性定语从句合并句5和句6。
There are many tourist draws in Guangzhou，such as Canton Tower，the Pearl River，etc.，which attract a great many tourists from all over the world.
四、连句成篇
参考范文：
Ladies and gentlemen，
Welcome to Guangzhou！I'm more than glad to tell you something about this city.
Guangzhou, one of the important cities of China, is located in the south of China, covering an area of about 7,434 square kilometres.Not only is Guangzhou a famous cultural city with a history of more than 2,200 years, but it also served as an important port of the ancient Maritime Silk Road.What's more, there are many tourist draws in Guangzhou, such as Canton Tower, the Pearl River, etc., which attract a great many tourists from all over the world.
Wish you to have a good time！
