(共77张PPT)
UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION
●话题导读
[导语]生活在太空中是每个想成为宇航员的人的梦想。作者在空间站停留了六个月，他会告诉我们太空中的日常生活是什么样的。
Living in space is every would-be astronaut's dream.My six-month stay on a space station has come to an end, and it has been a challenging but magical adventure.I bet you'd love to know what daily life is like up in space and how it differs from that on the Earth—the low gravity definitely makes ordinary things strange!
The strangeness of living in space is apparent from the moment we sleep.Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around.We usually sleep in private quarters, which are more like large cupboards, or in sleeping bags attached to the walls or the ceiling.It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.After about eight hours of sleep, we start our day of work.
The routine tasks that occupy most of the day are demanding, but they can also be extremely rewarding.Our main mission is to conduct scientific research.We need to evaluate the effects of low gravity on animals and plants.Creatures such as mice, fish and mosquitoes have also been sent to the station! In a low-gravity environment, we can learn more about changes in cells and microorganisms under the microscope.
?[高频词汇] [佳句背诵]
●阅读理解
1．What makes ordinary things strange
The low gravity.
2．Why do astronauts have to attach themselves while sleeping
Due to the near absence of gravity in space.
[高频词汇]
1．come to an end结束
2．differs from与……不同
3．definitely adv.肯定；确实
4．apparent adj.显而易见；显然
5．occupy vt.占据
6．demanding adj.要求高的
7．evaluate vt.评价；评估
[佳句背诵]
1．Due to the near absence of gravity in space, we have to attach ourselves so that we don't float around.(so that引导目的状语从句)
由于太空中几乎没有重力，我们必须固定住自己这样我们才不会四处飘浮。
2．It's strange that we try to sleep with no pressure against our back, but the unusual beds don't bother us any more.(it作形式主语)
试着背部没有压力入睡是奇怪的，但我们不再为这些特别的床而烦恼了。
Section Ⅰ Listening and Speaking，Reading and Thinking
自主预习
词汇记忆
1．___________n.程序；步骤；手续
2．_____abbr.厘米
3．________vt.& n．发射；发起；上市
4．_______adj.巨大的；伟大的 n．巨人；巨兽；伟人
5．________n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
6．________vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志
procedure
cm
launch
giant
desire
signal
7．_________vt.回收利用；再利用
8．_______vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
9．____________adv.否则；要不然
10．_________ prep.在更远处；超出
recycle
float
otherwise
beyond
词汇拓展
1．mental adj.精神的；思想的→___________adv.精神上；智力上；思想上
2．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→_____________n.智力；才智；智慧→________________adv.聪明地；明智地
3．determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→____________vt.查明；确定；决定→________________n.决心；决定；确定
mentally
intelligence
intelligently
determine
determination
4．transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送→______________n.(无线电、电视等信号的)播送，发送
5．disappointment n．失望；沮丧→____________vt.使失望；使沮丧→______________adj.失望的；沮丧的→_______________adj.令人失望的；令人沮丧的
6．universe n．宇宙；天地万物→___________adj.普遍的；全世界的；共同的→______________adv.普遍地；到处
transmission
disappoint
disappointed
disappointing
universal
universally
7．independently adv.独立地；自立地→_____________adj.独立的；自立的→______________n.独立；自主
8．lack n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏→_________adj.缺乏的；不足的
9．current adj.当前的；现在的 n．水流；电流；思潮→__________
adv.现时；当前→__________n.通货；货币；流行
10．sufficient adj.足够的；充足的→_______________adv.充分地；足够地→_____________n.足量；充足
independent
independence
lacking
currently
currency
sufficiently
sufficiency
词块识记
1．__________ 仰望；查阅
2．______________________________ 决定/决心做某事
3．___________________ 成功做某事
4．___________ 集中注意力于
5．___________ 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
6．____________ 确保；确信；查明；弄清楚
look up
determine/be determined to do sth.
succeed in doing sth.
focus on
on board
make sure
7．___________ 出故障
8．_____________ 相信；信任
9．___________ 继续做，坚持干
10．_________________ 取得很大的进步
11．______________________ 抱着……的希望
12．_______________ 为了；以便
13．_____________ 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
go wrong
believe in
carry on
make great progress
in the hope of doing sth.
so as to (do sth.)
figure out
句型感知
1．之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。
Afterwards, the USSR _____________ sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became ________________________________
______________.
2．这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
__________________ people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration _________________________.
focused on
the first person in the world to enter
space
This is because
despite the huge risks
3．尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能有更多有价值的发现，使得人类延续生存，直到未来。
Despite the difficulties, scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries _____________________________________________________.
that will enable the human race to survive well into the future
课文预读
一、Reading for the main idea
1．Match the main idea of each paragraph.
Para.1 A．Space travel became a reality in the 20th century, with American and Soviet space missions.
Para.2 B．Space travel has always involved great risk, but despite the risks exploration continues.
Para.3 C．The future of space exploration looks bright, as many countries are planning further missions.
Para.4 D．Humans have always had a natural curiosity about space.
Para.5 E．China has made great progress in space exploration in the early 21st century, becoming the third country to independently send humans to space.
答案：Paras.1～5 DABEC
2．Read the whole passage again and choose the correct answer.
What's the structure of the text？____
B
二、Reading for the details
Read the text carefully and choose the best answer.
1．What do we know about Neil Armstrong？____
A．He was from the USSR.
B．He was the first person to travel in space.
C．He was in charge of launching the satellites.
D．He was the first person to walk on the moon.
D
2．What does the word “this” in “Following this，there were many more important space achievements.” refer to？____
A．The launch of the Sputnik 1 satellite.
B．Yuri Gagarin's entering space.
C．The study of deep space.
D．Neil Armstrong's walk on the moon.
D
3．Why do people still want to explore the universe despite the disasters？____
A．Because they want to show how advanced science is.
B．Because they realize it is important to carry on space exploration.
C．Because they provide continuous human presence in space.
D．Because astronauts can work in the International Space Station.
B
4．What does the fourth paragraph mainly tell us？____
A．China is the third country in the world to send humans into space.
B．Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.
C．China has made great progress in space exploration in recent years.
D．On 23 July 2020，China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.
C
要点探究
1.determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的 determine vt.查明；确定；决定 determination n．决定，确定；决心；坚定
●核心词汇
However, scientists were determined to realise that dream.(P40)
然而，科学家决意要实现那个梦想。
Inspired by her spirit, I am determined to be a person like her.
被她的精神所鼓舞，我决心成为像她那样的人。
(2022·新课标全国Ⅰ卷)His coach heard what David said and gave me a look—the kind that was more determined than anyone else's.
教练听了大卫的话后，看了我一眼，那眼神比任何人的都坚定。
be determined to do sth.下定决心做某事(表示状态)
determine to do sth.＝make up one's mind to do sth.决心做某事(表示动作)
determine on/upon决定
with determination坚决地；果断地
To be admitted into his dream university, he determined to study hard.Finally he made it.Doing anything well calls for patience and determination.Remember if you are determined to do something, do it decisively.
为了被理想中的大学录取，他决定努力学习。最后他成功了。做好任何事情都需要耐心和决心。要记住，如果你下定决心做某事，就果断地去做吧。
单句语法填空
①The researcher was determined __________(carry) out the experiment.
②_____________(determine) to build a new life，he made every effort.
③It is encouraging to see the ________________(determine) of these astronauts.
完成句子
④He ___________________(决心) break away from all the bad habits.
⑤I _______________________________(决定充分利用时间) to improve my English.
to carry
Determined
determination
is determined to
determine to make full use of time
2.disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的 disappoint vt.使失望/沮丧 disappointing adj.令人失望的 disappointment n．失望；沮丧
However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.(P41)
然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望。但是，探索宇宙的愿望永不磨灭。
As the twins looked around them in disappointment, their father appeared.
当双胞胎失望地环顾四周时，他们的父亲出现了。
To her disappointment, her best friend didn't come to her birthday party.
令她失望的是，她最好的朋友没有参加她的生日晚会。
be disappointed at/by/in/with...对……失望
be disappointed to do sth.因做某事而失望
be disappointed that...对……失望
to one's disappointment令某人失望的是
单句语法填空
①He seems to think this year's basketball season will be _____________
(disappoint)．
②I was disappointed ___________(learn) that I had failed the course.
③It's too bad we lost the game.I'm quite _______________(disappoint) at our performance.
disappointing
to learn
disappointed
④发现博物馆关门了，我们感到非常失望。
We were deeply disappointed to find that the museum was closed.
⑤汤姆没来，她无法掩饰失望之情。
She couldn't hide her disappointment when Tom didn't turn up.
3.desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 desirable adj.向往的；可取的；值得拥有的 desired adj.渴望的，想要的
However, while such disasters brought much sadness and disappointment, the desire to explore the universe did not die.(P41)
然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望。但是，探索宇宙的愿望永不磨灭。
(2024·北京卷)By my fourth year, my desperation to succeed overshadowed my desire for independence.
到了第四年，我对成功的渴望盖过了我对独立的渴望。
Since you have a strong desire to learn Chinese culture，I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you.(推荐信)
既然你迫切渴望学习中国文化，我认为北京语言文化大学是你的理想去处。
(have) a desire to do sth./for sth.(有)做……的渴望
desire to do sth.渴望做某事
desire sb. to do sth.想让某人做某事
desire that＋主语＋(should＋)动词原形表示“希望……”
温馨提示：
desire后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句用虚拟语气，谓语动词用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
My son desires that he should be admitted to a key university.Besides, he has a strong desire to major in maths while I desire him to study engineering.
我的儿子渴望被一所重点大学录取。此外，他渴望主修数学，而我想让他学工程学。
单句语法填空
①The determined girl has a strong desire______knowledge.
②Mike________ (desire) to find a job in this city and settled there.
③The desire ________(help) others should come from the deep heart.
完成句子
④由于我很难适应新环境，我希望你能给我一些建议。
Since I have difficulty in adapting to the new surroundings，I ____________________ some advice.
for
desired
to help
desire you to offer me
一句多译
⑤我们期望大家生活在一个安全、无污染的环境中。
We _____________________ a safe environment without pollution.
→We_______________________________ a safe environment without pollution.
desire everyone to live in
desire that everyone (should) live in
4.carry on继续做，坚持干
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.(P41)
这是因为尽管存在巨大的风险，人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性。
Her bravery has given him the will to carry on with his life and his work.
她的勇气激发了他继续生活和工作的意愿。
Only if you carry out the above measures can you change your present situation.(建议信之结束语)
只有贯彻以上措施你才能改变你现在糟糕的状况。
单句语法填空
①The attack is believed to have been carried ______ during the early morning hours.
②You'll have an accident if you carry on __________(drive) like that.
完成句子
③是我母亲帮助我度过了中学时期的艰难时光。It was my mother _________________________________ in middle school.
out
driving
who carried me through my tough time
5.signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志
In 2022, the launch of the Mengtian module signaled the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.(P41)
2022年，梦天实验舱的发射标志着天宫空间站基本建成。
(2022·全国乙卷)With their ability to see ahead, they could signal any problem, so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.
凭借它们的预见能力，无人机可以就任何问题发出信号，以便快速行驶的列车可以及时做出反应。
He signalled the waiter to bring the menu.
他示意服务员把菜单拿来。
signal (to) sb. to do sth.示意某人做某事
signal (sb.) that示意(某人)……
traffic signals交通信号
a warning signal警告信号
单句语法填空
①Cyclists who give __________(signal) before turning or stopping help prevent accidents.
②After finishing his dinner, he signalled _____ the waiter for the bill.
完成句子
③汤姆的老师示意他去办公室一趟。
Tom's teacher ________________________ to his office.
④胸部疼痛可能是心脏问题的警告信号。
Chest pains can be ___________________ of heart problems.
signals
to
signalled him to come
a warning signal
6.lack n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏 lacking adj.短缺的；不足的
Astronauts' bones and muscles can get very weak in space due to the lack of gravity...
由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常脆弱……(P42)
(2024·1月浙江卷)Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies.
由于缺乏有关其影响的科学证据，没有人成功地赢得了对人工降雨公司的诉讼。
Despite his lack of experience, he got the job because of his honesty.
尽管缺乏经验，他仍因诚实而得到了那份工作。
(a) lack of...缺乏……
no lack of不缺乏……
be lacking in在……方面缺乏/ 缺少
温馨提示：
lack作名词时常与介词of连用；作动词时可用作及物动词直接加宾语(不用被动语态)，也可用作不及物动词；形容词lacking常与介词in连用。
单句语法填空
①___________ (lack) sufficient oxygen, the astronaut could not carry on with his mission.
②Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and___ lack of exercise.
③Though Jack was lacking _____ experience, he made up for it in enthusiasm.
Lacking
a
in
一句多译
④由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比赛中很难取胜。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
→
→
For lack of enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match.
Lacking enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match.
As we lack enough training, we will have great difficulty in winning the coming match.
7.so as to (do sth.) 为了；以便
In space, astronauts collect all dirty water so as to recycle it for later use.(P42)
在太空中，宇航员收集所有脏水，以便回收之后使用。
He packed the box carefully so as not to break the delicate vase inside.(读后续写之动作描写)
他小心翼翼地包装那个盒子，生怕打碎了里面精美的花瓶。
All of us worked hard in order to/so as to pass the exam.
为了通过考试，我们都在努力学习。
so as (not) to do为了(不)做
in order (not) to do为了(不)做
so that/in order that为了
完成句子
①弗兰克不遗余力地大声喊叫，以便唤醒家人，但他的努力是徒劳的。
Frank spared no effort to yell loudly ____________________________
______________，but his efforts turned out in vain.
②我让小女孩站到椅子上，为了让她看得见。
I stood the little girl on a chair _________________________________.
③她小心翼翼地把门打开，生怕把孩子惊醒。
She opened the door gently ____________________ the baby.
so as to/in order to wake the
family up
so that/in order that she could see
so as not to wake
1.On 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space.(P40)
1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。
●重点句型
当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时，常用不定式作后置定语。
My wife and I were the first to arrive and hopped on board.
我和妻子是最早到达并跳上车的。
Gui Haichao is the first scientist to be chosen to enter space in China.
桂海潮是中国第一位被选中进入太空的科学家。
(1)当中心词被形容词最高级、the next、the only、the last等修饰时，也常用不定式作后置定语。
He was the only student to finish this project ahead of time in this class.
他是这个班里唯一一个提前完成这个项目的学生。
(2)抽象名词time, way, ability, reason, chance, courage, opportunity等后常用不定式作定语。
Harry dashed off before she had a chance to thank him.
她还没来得及说声谢谢，哈里就匆匆离开了。
单句语法填空
①She is the first female writer __________(join) literary study seminar.
完成句子
②我们的祖先最先发明了火药。
Our ancestors were ______________________ gunpowder.
③1931年，亚当斯成为第一位被授予诺贝尔和平奖的美国女性。
In 1931, Addams became ______________________________________ the Nobel Peace Prize.
to join
the first to invent
the first American woman to be awarded
2.This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.(P41)
这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
This/That/It is because...句型
(2024·北京卷)It is because the author had acquired the collaborating skills by working with others there so that the adviser considered the author's experience in the lab a groundbreaking success.
这是因为作者通过与他人合作获得了合作技能，因此顾问认为作者在实验室的经历是一个突破性的成功。
From space，the Earth looks blue.This is because about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water.
从太空中看，地球是蓝色的。这是因为地球表面约百分之七十一都被水覆盖着。
(1)This/That is because...意为“这/那是因为……”，其中because引导表语从句，从句表示原因。
(2)This/That is why...意为“这/那就是……的原因”，其中why引导表语从句，从句表示结果。
(3)The reason why...is that...意为“……的原因是……”，其中why引导定语从句，并在从句中作状语。that引导表语从句，从句表示原因。
(4)The reason that/which...is that...意为“……的原因是……”，其中that/which引导定语从句并在从句中作主语或宾语，第二个that引导表语从句，从句表示原因。
句型转换
①Peter was late for the class because he was stuck in a traffic jam.
→Peter was late for the class and ___________________ he was stuck in a traffic jam.
→Peter was stuck in a traffic jam and _______________ he was late for the class.
→_________________ Peter was late for the class ___________ he was stuck in a traffic jam.
that was because
that was why
The reason why
was that
翻译句子
②简今天不想去野餐的原因是天气不佳。
The reason why Jane wouldn't like to go on a picnic today is that the weather is not good.
③这就是他缺席比赛的原因。
This is why he was absent from the competition.
随堂达标
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A radio _________(信号) was sent to the spacecraft ten minutes ago.
2．We made up our minds to carry on with two ______________(独立的) studies.
3．I have been ___________(渴望) to settle the problem all by myself.
4．If you follow the proper _____________(步骤)，you can create super articles.
5．We have ___________(发射) a series of campaigns so as to strengthen people's awareness of taking exercise.
signal
independent
desiring
procedures
launched
6．Anything with strong __________(引力) definitely attracts other things to it.
7．The driver lost control on a bend downtown and the __________(车辆) hit a tree.
8．To earn a living，I had no choice but to work in a marketing ______
(机构)．
9．Once upon a time they were driven to the northern _______(边境)．
10．Poor housing and family stress can affect both physical and _________(精神的) health.
gravity
vehicle
agency
frontier
mental
Ⅱ.熟词生义/一词多义
1．写出加黑部分的汉语意思
(1)Many companies consider the Internet as a new vehicle for advertising._____
(2)I don't think you realize the gravity of the current situation.________
手段
严重性
2．选出board的含义
A．n.伙食，膳食 B．vt.登上
C．n.告示牌 D．n.委员会
(1)I am writing to apply for the position advertised on the board.____
(2)We have launched a campaign to urge the board to raise the workers’ pay and conditions.____
(3)When his family fell on hard times，he was offered free room and board.____
(4)All the passengers must board the plane before 5 p．m.____
C
D
A
B
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
For years, people have always wanted to learn more about the universe.However, it was not until the mid-20th century ________ travelling into space became a reality.On 4 October 1957, USSR launched the Sputnik 1 satellite into space.On 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin from Russia became the
1.that
first person in the world ____________(enter) space.On 20 July 1969, Neil Armstrong from America stepped onto the moon.Following this, many more goals _________________(achieve)．Although some disasters made everyone sad and ________________(disappoint)，people never give ______ the desire to explore the universe.
2.to enter
3.were achieved
4.disappointed
5.up
China's space programme has made great progress in recent years.China became the third country in the world to _________________(independent) send humans into space in 2003, ________ Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.Later, Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first Chinese spacewalk, followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to the moon to study its surface.In 2022，the launch of the Mengtian module ____________(signal) the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct lots of significant ____________(experiment), greatly____________
(further) our understanding of the universe.
The future of space exploration remains bright.
6.independently
7.when
8.signaled
9.experiments
10.furtheringUNIT 4 SectionⅠ
夯基提能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Not only I but also he has (have) a preference for the bar located in the south of the city.
2．To my disappointment (disappoint)，I wasn't selected as captain of the School Basketball Club.
3．I keep writing journals，hoping to improve (improve) my written English.
4．He is successful (succeed) in earning a living by writing science fiction.
5．Finally I have gained financial independence (independent) with my great efforts.
6．The data we had collected enabled us to draw (draw) a logical conclusion.
7．I wish to participate (participate) in diverse after-class activities at university.
8．I have been focusing on/upon creating comics for children since I graduated from college.
9．I can settle the problem and this is because I have got his wonderful guidance.
10．Do you remember the day when you received the beautiful souvenir
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．三名中国航天员于2022年6月5日登上神舟十四号(Shenzhou ?)宇宙飞船。
Three Chinese astronauts went on board Shenzhou spacecraft on June 5,2022.
2．他们将继续试验各种技术，希望完成中国空间站的建设。
They will carry on testing various technologies in the hope of finishing the construction of the Chinese space station.
3．他们不仅进行一系列的实验而且将进行太空行走。
Not only will they carry out a series of experiments but they will also conduct spacewalks.
4．我们中国人一直渴望独立地建设一个新的空间站。
We Chinese have been desiring to build a new space station independently .
5．有了坚定的决心，我们一定会实现我们的目标。
With strong determination , we will absolutely achieve our goal.
Ⅲ.阅读理解
A
A good book about space can inspire an interest in exploring the universe.If you're hoping for a holiday gift for your kids, you're in the right place.
Margaret and the Moon
Age range：4—8
In Margaret and the Moon, Dean Robbins outlines the pioneering software engineer's life, from the backyard of her childhood home, where she put forward a million questions about the night sky, to the hallways of NASA, where she led a team from MIT to develop the onboard flight software that would land the first men on the moon.
I Am Neil Armstrong
Age range：All ages
In I Am Neil Armstrong, the author shows kids how Neil Armstrong made it all the way to the moon.He begins the story with young Armstrong trying to climb to the top of a silver maple tree after falling and getting back up.He continued this spirit throughout his career.
Look Inside Space
Age range：3 and up
For parents of young kids, Usborne's prizewinning Look Inside Space is a must to share the history and technology of space exploration with starry-eyed(天真的) kids.It explores the history of human space flights and the basics of stars and planets.It's enjoyable to all space fans, but is especially good for pre-school and kindergarten-age kids.
Max Goes to the Space Station
Age range：All ages
Jeffrey Bennett's tale about a dog called Max and his adventures to the International Space Station isn't only an accurate look at what life in space is like.The book was actually sent into space and joined the station's library in 2014 as part of the Story Time from Space project.It enables readers to learn all sorts of fun facts about space.
语篇导读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本适合孩子在假期阅读的有关太空的书。阅读本文有利于学生了解与太空相关的书籍。
1．What's the text mainly intended to introduce？
A．How to find holiday gifts for your kids.
B．Some kids' space books for the holidays.
C．How to inspire kids’ interest in the universe.
D．Some books about the theories of the universe.
解析：B 主旨大意题。根据第一段内容可知，本文主要介绍了四本适合孩子在假期阅读的与太空相关的书籍。故选B。
2．Which book can inspire a sense of determination in readers？
A．Max Goes to the Space Station.
B．Margaret and the Moon.
C．I Am Neil Armstrong.
D．Look Inside Space.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据I Am Neil Armstrong部分中的最后一句可知，这本书展示了主人公的坚定意志，可以激发读者的决心，故选C。
3．In which aspect is Max Goes to the Space Station different from the other three books？
A．It has experienced space travel.
B．It is suitable for kids of all ages.
C．It is a biography(传记)of an astronaut.
D．It has won a prize as a bestseller.
解析：A 细节理解题。根据Max Goes to the Space Station部分中的第二句可知，这本书的与众不同之处在于它经历过太空飞行，故选A。
B
In 1969, watching the landing of Apollo 11 on the Moon on TV from his parents’ farm in Canada，Chris Hadfield was amazed and excited.On that day, at only nine years old，Chris made the most important decision of his life: He was going to be an astronaut.
There wasn't even a training program in Canada to become an astronaut；but Chris was determined.He spent a great deal of time studying and fixing engines.After school he joined the Canadian army where he learned to fly many different types of planes.Chris did a lot of research for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in the United States and had special training.Finally，in 1995 he rode his first rocket into space.
Chris became the first Canadian astronaut to walk in space，and went on a number of space missions throughout his career.The most memorable was his five-month stay on the International Space Station (ISS) as commander，between December 2012 and May 2013.He posted on social media thousands of photos of Earth and videos of himself explaining how things work in zero gravity.His followers could watch him sleeping，brushing his teeth，washing his hands，or preparing “space” snacks in zero gravity，which turned him into a social media phenomenon.
Today，Chris travels the world giving talks about his work.He once said，“Decide in your heart of hearts what really excites and challenges you，and start moving your life in that direction.Every decision you make, from what you eat to what you do with your time tonight，turns you into who you are tomorrow.Look at who you want to be，and start sculpting yourself into that person.You may not get exactly where you thought you'd be，but you will be doing things that suit you in a profession you believe in.Don't let life randomly kick you into the adult you don't want to become.”
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了加拿大宇航员Chris Hadfield小时候看到阿波罗11号登陆月球的新闻后，励志成为一名宇航员，并最终实现梦想的故事。
4．What led Chris to make up his mind to be an astronaut？
A．The life on his parents’ farm.
B．His ability to fly various planes.
C．Apollo 11's landing on the Moon.
D．His passion for studying engines.
解析：C 细节理解题。根据文章第一段可知，阿波罗11号登陆月球这件事使Chris下定决心成为一名宇航员。故选C。
5．What made Chris popular in the media？
A．The space tasks he conducted in his life.
B．The pictures and videos he posted online.
C．His inspiring talks about his work around the world.
D．His great contributions to Canada's space industry.
解析：B 细节理解题。根据文章第三段最后两句可知，Chris在社交媒体上发布的照片和视频使得他在媒体中很受欢迎。故选B。
6．What can we learn from Chris’ words in the last paragraph？
A．Courage is what it takes to overcome difficulties.
B．Opportunities go hand in hand with challenges.
C．From small beginnings come great endings.
D．The key to success lies in the firm aim.
解析：D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Chris说的话尤其是“Don't let life randomly kick you into the adult you don't want to become.”可知，成功的关键在于坚定的目标。故选D。
7．Which of the following best describes Chris？
A．Strong-willed and hardworking.
B．Honest and outgoing.
C．Optimistic and responsible.
D．Smart and knowledgeable.
解析：A 推理判断题。根据文章第一段和第二段可知，Chris九岁时下定决心成为宇航员，然后就一直在为梦想而努力且非常勤奋。由此可推断，Chris是一个意志坚定且勤奋的人。故选A。
Ⅳ.七选五
The universe has never failed to catch mankind's attention.The ancient humans came up with stories to explain the presence of the sun and other planets.As time went by, humans set their sights on exploring the vastness of space.In 1969，astronaut Neil Armstrong became the first person to walk on the moon's surface. 1.
·It allows people to know more about the universe.
Undoubtedly, space exploration has answered the question of whether the Earth is round or not and proved the Earth does circle around the sun, and not the other way round. 2. It gives people a deeper understanding of the universe and provides more information about the world they live in for them.
·It paves the way for advanced technology.
Scientists are always developing new technology for space programmes, but the good news is that these new innovations (新方法) aren't just useful to astronauts or for space programmes. 3. In fact, they have already led to the development of modern products and devices that many people use, for example, the breast cancer test imaging.
4.
Space exploration doesn't just involve scientists or astronauts；it also requires the skills and labour of many engineers, research assistants, technicians, mechanics and other professionals.If space exploration were stopped today, these people would become jobless, and they wouldn't have the means to support themselves or their family.
·It can offer solutions to many problems.
Aside from collecting information about outer space, many space exploration programmes are used to solve some of the problems of our modern society.Some programmes, for example, help scientists learn more about the Earth's atmosphere and know how to better predict weather and natural disasters. 5. This may be the solution to the Earth's growing population.
Space exploration is one of the biggest achievements of humans as a whole, and it has paved the way for greater scientific understanding and technological advancement over the years.There is no reason why we should stop our exploration.
A．It creates many jobs.
B．But it does much more than that.
C．It was a big step in space exploration.
D．They can also be used in other industries.
E．They also help scientists know more about the Earth.
F．Others focus on looking for planets that can support human life.
G．Since then, space exploration has been going on and brought many benefits.
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了探索太空对人类的益处。
解析：
1．G 根据下文的小标题可知，此处承上启下，指出太空探索带来了许多好处，G项符合语境。故选G。
2．B 上文提到太空探索回答了人类的一些问题；下文谈及它让人们对宇宙有了更深的了解，并提供了更多的信息。B项承上启下，符合语境。故选B。
3．D 根据上下文可知，这些新方法不只是对宇航员或太空计划有用，它们也会应用于其他行业。D项承上启下，符合语境，故选D。
4．A 设空处为该段主旨句。该段主要讲的是太空探索不仅涉及科学家和宇航员，还需要工程师、研究助理、技师等专业人员，如果停止太空探索，这些人将面临失业。因此A项符合本段主旨。故选A。
5．F 许多太空探索计划被用来解决我们现代社会的一些问题；下文进行了举例说明，F项也是一个例子，且与上文形成Some...others...的结构，同时，设空处下文的“growing population”与F项中的“support human life”相对应。故选F。
Ⅴ.语法填空
About fifty years ago, China successfully launched 1. (it) first satellite, Dong Fang Hong 1，and started a new chapter in space exploration. 2. (mark) its 50th anniversary, China National Space Administration announced the name of the country's first Mars exploration mission on 24 April,2020.
The mission，Tianwen, got its name from a famous poet, Qu Yuan， 3. wrote the long poem Tianwen.In the poem, Qu raised a series of questions concerning the sky, stars, natural phenomena, myths and the real world, reflecting his doubts about traditional ideas and his pursuit of truths.
China 4. (make) remarkable progress in space exploration.As early as 1970，China launched its first satellite, becoming the fifth country in the world to launch a man-made satellite 5. (independent)．Over the past few years, China's missions, including the Shenzhou and Chang'e series 6. (design)to explore outer space, have expanded mankind's understanding of the Earth and the universe.
This time， 7. Tianwen series will carry out the first Mars exploration mission.Experts consider it the start of China's exploration of Mars, 8. (represent)a milestone in China's move towards deep space.
Indeed， 9. the name's deep roots in traditional Chinese culture, it has been widely accepted among the public.Tianwen demonstrates the 10. (determine) and perseverance (坚持不懈) of Chinese people to move further into deep space.
语篇导读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了中国航天事业的发展并解释了中国的首次火星探测任务为什么被命名为“天问”。
解析：
1．its 考查代词。设空处在句中作定语，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。
2．To mark 考查动词不定式。设空处表目的，应用动词不定式作状语。故填To mark。
3．who 考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Qu Yuan，关系词在从句中作主语，故填who。
4．has been making 考查时态和主谓一致。根据下文可知，设空处表示动作从过去某一时间开始，一直持续到现在，可能仍然要继续下去，因此应用现在完成进行时，故填has been making。
5．independently 考查副词。设空处修饰launch，应用副词。故填independently。
6．designed 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词have expanded，因此设空处应为非谓语动词，the Shenzhou and Chang'e series与design之间构成被动关系，应用过去分词，故填designed。
7．the 考查冠词。此处特指“天问系列”，应用定冠词，故填the。
8．representing 考查现在分词。分析句子结构可知，represent与it之间构成主动关系，应用现在分词，故填representing。
9．with 考查介词。设空处是考查with的复合结构“with＋宾语＋介词短语”。故填with。
10．determination 考查名词。设空处与perseverance是并列成分，也应用名词。故填determination。
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