语法填空解题技巧
无词形变化的词题，
一般是3个或4个小题，近年来，只考查了冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等三类词；
有词形变化的词题， 即要填词的正确形式，
一般是6个或7个小题，常考查了代词的四种格式，谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化、疑问词、从句中引导词等几种情况。
解题技巧
考生需要根据上下文和句子结构,确定设空处所填词的词性、形式。
考点1 考查动词
1.设空处是谓语动词的,考虑该词的时态和语态。
例1 The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, and mentioned video
calling over the Internet. It (invent) for people to see each other while talking online.
例2 Last week, he (come)to visit us in Canada.
2.设空处如果不是谓语动词,就有可能是动词的非谓语形式
例1 Su Yu-shan, the manager of the store, says the environment can help
people learn to do “soul(灵魂)reading” by (provide) a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention.
例2 Then I taught him how to use the Internet and how (play) chess online.
考点2 考查名词
首先确定所给名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是可数名词,还需要确定用单数还是复数形式。
例 Now he is quite good at playing chess online and has made a lot of (friend) on the Internet at the same time.
考点3 考查形容词
如果设空句出现了提示使用比较等级的关键词或短语时,则需要用提示词的适当形式填空。比如形容词比较级前经常会有much,even,a little,a bit等关键词或短语出现,后会有than出现。
例 My grandfather is much (happy) than before.
考点4 考查代词
1.考查物主代词。
设空处后出现名词,常考查形容词性物主代词。
解析 题干中lifestyle前使用形容词性物主代词their,注意句首单词首字母大写。
例 The San people have another name—“bush people”. (they) lifestyle is very simple, but they know more about animals and plants than most people do.
2.考查人称代词
例 But he was very disappointed when he found nobody here could play chess with (he).
考查反身代词
例 Now,she enjoys (her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and you can tell from the expression on her face.
考点5 词性转换
1.动词转换为形容词
例 After changing into the dress and getting my makeup done, I felt (relax).
2.名词转换为形容词
例 With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a (comfort) new home after only four months.
3.形容词转换为副词
例 The bookstore is almost (complete) dark, except for the shelves of books.
4.动词转换为名词
例 Su Yu-shan, the (manage) of the store, says the environment can help people learn to do “soul(灵魂) reading” by providing a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention.
无提示词的一般是填写冠词、介词、连词、副词、作形式主语或宾语的it等。
考点1 考查冠词
填写不定冠词时,注意其后单词若以元音音素开头则使用an,以辅音音素开头则使用a。
例1 The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, and mentioned video calling over the Internet. It was invented for people to see each other while talking online. Then we came up with idea.
例2 I took him to computer in my room and said, “Right here.”
考点2 考查连词
并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空,一般填入的连词有and,but,or,so。
若句子之间为从属关系,则填从属连词。
例 it might not be for everyone, Wuguan Books creates a very different kind of environment from most bookstores.
考点3 考查介词
介词经常出现在固定搭配或者短语中。
例 “Grandpa, someone is waiting you to play chess,” I went to him and said.
考点4 考查副词
副词经常在一些固定搭配或者短语中出现,比如:put off(推迟),turn on(打开),take off(起飞)等。
例 I climbed of my tent and looked out at the mountain.
考点5 考查it的用法
例 is necessary to encourage kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life.
易考词性出现背景
1.名词 A.名词出现的背景 动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、冠词之后、数词之后
B.名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。
2.动词 A.动词出现的背景 主宾或介宾之间的动词．be动词后的动词：进行时与被动语态；情态动词之
后缺动词；并列关系中的动词；主谓分离后的谓语动词形式；分词后置作定语：过去分词和现在分词。
B.动词词形技巧： 主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、过去式、现在分词及
其过去分词形式。)还是填动词的非谓语形式(不定式，现在分词，过去分词)
3.形容词 A.形容词出现的背景 作表语、作定语修饰名词、用在某些动词后作宾语补足语
B.形容词词形技巧： 主要考虑形容词原形、比较级、最高级形式。
4.副词 （1）副词出现的背景 A．句首，作状语修饰整个句子
B．在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式、频率等，修饰动词
C. 在所修饰的形容词之前，作程度副词
（2）副词词形技巧：主要考虑副词原形、比较级、最高级形式。
5. 代词 代替前文出现的人、物或一件事
6. 介词 注意常用的介词用法和固定搭配
7. 连词 注意上下文及句子之间的逻辑关系
8. 冠词 a\an\the的用法区分
9. 平时的学习和做题过程中也要注意积累固定搭配和固定句型，培养语感。
一
[2024长沙雅礼二模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ye Shengtao was a famous Chinese writer. He created the first collection of fairy tales（童话集） named The Scarecrow（《稻草人》） for Chinese children between 1921 and 1922.
Ye was born in 1894 in Jiangsu. He once worked 1 a teacher in a primary school. He often told his students stories from Chinese and foreign classics. His students were all happy 2 （listen） to those stories.
In 1921, Ye 3 （begin） to write fairy tales for a magazine. He finished his first fairy tale Little White Boat in winter of 4 same year. In the following seven months, Ye wrote 22 5 （many） fairy tales than before. And they made up The Scarecrow we see today.
There are two kinds of stories in the collection. The 6 （one） kind is about children’s innocent smiles and beautiful feelings like Little White Boat. People’s hard life like The Scarecrow 7 （describe） in the second kind of his stories. In the story, the scarecrow often sees poor people’s difficulties in life, 8 he is unable to stop them from happening or give people a helping hand. He feels very helpless and falls in the field at last. Ye wanted children to care about what happened around 9 （they）. And he hoped children could understand adults’ 10 （sad） after reading the collection.
Good works can always stand the test of time. Nowadays, Ye’s fairy tales are still popular with children.
二
[2024四川南充]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jiang Shumei, born in 1937, spent most of her time working in a factory. In 1996, she learned her 1 （one） Chinese character（汉字）. Sixteen years later, she started to write down some of her own 2 （story）. It was not easy. Sometimes, completing a single sentence could take a day. She 3 （usual） started at 3 or 4 a.m., and revised（修改） the pieces several times until she was 4 （satisfy）.
In 2013, her book, Time of Trouble, Time of Poverty, was published and proved to be 5 success. The book earned Jiang a lot of fans and sympathy（同情）. “Don’t feel sorry for me,” she says to her fans. “The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the past. 6 them, I could never have finished this book.”
So far, the elderly woman 7 （publish） six books, totaling more than 600,000 characters in length. “It’s never too late. I enjoy 8 （I）when writing,” Jiang says. She lives a healthy life, exercising every day 9 eating a balanced diet. “If I could live as long as 130, would you still say that it is too late for me 10 （start） after 60 ” she says jokingly.
三
[2024衡阳一模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China. He was born in 1 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan Province. He was at school for less than a year because 2 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting handbook—Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interest in painting 3 （picture）.
He decided 4 （learn） by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 5 （start） to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 6 （good） artists of all time.
7 （he） paintings are generally about small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps（虾） and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole（杆子）. Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 8 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight.
All the works 9 （create） by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 10 （real） a master of art and the pride of Hunan.
四
(2024深圳二模)The lion dance is one of the most popular traditional arts in China. Known 1 the king of animals, the lion is a symbol of power in Chinese culture. People perform the lion dance 2 （drive） away evil（邪恶） and bring good luck.
The lion dance 3 （operate） by two dancers in a lion costume. The lion's head is 4 （main） made of bamboo or wood. The lion's body is made of colored cloth. Dancers often wear pants and shoes that are 5 same color as the lion's body.
The lion dance is usually seen during 6 （culture） celebrations and traditional festivals. Over the years, it has developed into two main types, Northern Lion Dance and Southern Lion Dance. 7 both forms share some similarities, they show differences in many ways. For example, the Northern Lion Dance is more playful. It tries to show the lion's character and 8 （behave）. The Southern Lion Dance is more expressive. Many people are impressed by 9 （it） energetic movements such as standing on wooden stakes （木桩） to climb high and shaking the hair.
So far, the lion dance 10 （spread） throughout the world with Chinese immigrants（移民）. Now it is enjoyed by people of all ages.
五
[2024岳阳二模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A video series（系列片） named Escape from the British Museum was released（发布） last year. It has caused a heated 1 （discuss） in China’s social media recently. Directed by a Chinese vlogger, the three-episode series tells a story of how a Chinese cultural relic（文物） escapes from the British Museum and finds 2 （it） way back to China.
In the video series, the female vlogger 3 （play） the role of an ancient Chinese jade teapot（玉茶壶）, while her male（男性的） partner is a journalist 4 helps the teapot return to China. The 5 （video） were inspired by a netizen who suggested 6 （make） a video in memory of the ordeal（磨难） of Chinese cultural relics returning home from the UK. They said the story was based on historical facts and aimed to draw attention 7 the Chinese cultural relics held abroad. After watching the videos, the netizens 8 （humorous） remarked（评论） that the treasures in the museum must be feeling “homesick”. What 9 educational and creative story!
It 10 （believe） that more great micro-dramas like Escape From the British Museum are worth looking forward to and they will become better and better.
六
2024深圳二模)
Showing Respect for Seniors
Dads have Father's Day. Moms have Mother's Day. Kids have Children's Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday Yes, they do!
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is 1 the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar （阴历）. As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show 2 （they） wishes for a long life for elderly people.
There are many traditions for this festival. On that day, 3 （family） get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine （菊花酒） and wear a plant 4 （call） zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemums 5 zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure （治愈） diseases.
Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example, when an older person enters 6 room, everyone stands up. When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces them from the 7 （old） to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person, two hands 8 （use）. On a crowded subway train or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people.
It is a 9 （tradition） virtue （美德） in China to respect elderly people. That's because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So Chinese people are proud of 10 （be） old. Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统节日——重阳节，并强调了中国人尊重老年人的传统美德。
七
[2024江苏苏州]请认真阅读下面短文，在横线上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 1 （great） different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trading. This text 2 （tell） how some common food plants spread around the world.
As early as 5,000 BC, 3 （potato） were traded in South America as a valuable type of food. They were 4 （take） to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it.
Tea drinking started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking soon 5 （become） fashionable there but because 6 its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy.
Sugar cane（甘蔗） was first used to produce 7 kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8 （wide） world.
Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3,000 years ago. The Europeans brought it back with 9 （they） in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 10 it’s expensive, many people still love it.
八
[2024福建]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 （give） it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 （build） their ancient capitals.
Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China—is a good example. It 4 （go） around the city and is an important cultural site（遗址）. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 （large） bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm（警钟） to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time.
While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 （know） as a center for software（软件） research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 （city）.
Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 （it） and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past.
九
[2024长沙模拟]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people nowadays wear sneakers（跑鞋）, sandals（凉鞋） or boots. But in ancient China, many people made 1 （they） own cloth shoes.
Tangchang, 2 town in Sichuan province with over 700 years of shoemaking history, is known 3 its cloth shoes. Tangchang cloth shoes are easy to walk in, and they don’t get wet 4 （easy）.
Tangchang cloth shoes 5 （be） popular in China from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty. In 2018, Tangchang cloth shoes were added to Sichuan’s intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产） list. Cloth shoes always look nice, 6 making cloth shoes is not easy. Growing up in Tangchang, Lai Shufang, 66, is a master of making cloth shoes and has been making them for over forty 7 （year）. The job is much 8 （difficult） than before because sneakers became more popular with customers. Many Tangchang cloth shoe factories shut down. The last one, where Lai worked, shut down in 1998.
9 （make） a living and help the cultural heritage survive, Lai and her co-workers continued to make cloth shoes and sold them in her store. Then, Sichuan embroidery（蜀绣） 10 （add） to the shoes by Lai’s son, Ai Peng. Tangchang cloth shoes may appear simple, but behind them lies the passion of Lai’s family.
十
（2024深圳一模）
As one of Guangdong's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） representatives, Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch （早茶） is a long-standing custom that has been passed down 1 hundreds of years. These delicious foods are now available for 2 （we） to taste in Guangzhou's streets.
People in Guangzhou particularly enjoy drinking tea. 3 they greet each other, they often ask, “How about drinking tea ” Why then do people in Guangzhou have such a strong preference for tea In Guangzhou, tea focuses on both tea and dim sum （点心）. More 4 （important）, drinking tea has developed into a cultural pastime for socializing and gatherings, acting as a bridge for communication in people's 5 （day） lives. It is said that Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch originated from old neighborhoods in Guangzhou. The earliest tea drinking places 6 （call） “Erli Pavilion”. Every day before 7 （start） work, people would go to small tea houses and spend two cents enjoying 8 cup of tea and some dim sum, which are good and cheap.
In 2023, the custom of Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch was included in the list of the 9 （eight） batch（批） of Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage programs. Since then, this traditional culture 10 （become） the best symbol of outlining the city's style and cultural charm.
十一
（2024深圳二模）
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox （春分）, as 1 fourth term of the year starts on 20 March and ends on 3 April this year.
On the day of the Spring Equinox, the Sun is directly above the equator （赤道）. After the equinox, the Sun moves northwards, which results 2 longer daytime in the Northern Hemisphere （半球） and longer nights in the Southern Hemisphere. Here are three of the 3 （thing） you may not know about the Spring Equinox.
Standing an egg upright 4 （be） a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox since 4,000 years ago. People practise it 5 （celebrate） the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a tradition in many places of China. Spring vegetables are seasonal vegetables 6 are different from place to place. The ancient teachings of the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggest that people eat seasonal foods to help stay 7 （health） and bring good luck.
8 （usual）, rewarding cattle is popular in the southern area of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts, and the farmers and the cattle become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express 9 （they） thanks. Meanwhile, to thank the birds for 10 （bring） signals for farm work and to wish them not to eat grains later in the year, people will also offer sacrifices to them. These are what the farmers often do to wish for the harvest of the coming year.
十二
（2024深圳一模）
How much do you know about Wushu Wushu, also known as martial arts, is one of the earliest 1 （sport） in China. It uses both body and brain. What's more, Wushu is an outstanding example of 2 （tradition） Chinese cultures. It can explain 3 Chinese people understand the world. Over its long history, Wushu 4 （develop） into a special unity of exercise, self-protection and art.
As a sport and 5 artistic form, Wushu has gained great popularity in China. In Shenzhen, some schools have Wushu classes for kids. Every training 6 （require） students to take it seriously. Only by training hard can they build up 7 （they） bodies and meet the challenges in the future.
As a competitive sport with great fitness value, Wushu has spread 8 （wide） across the world. Many masters helped make Wushu world-famous. Thanks to them, the word “kung fu” appeared in many foreign language dictionaries. Many Chinese have set up Wushu schools outside China, providing people 9 the chance to experience the fantastic sport. During the Hangzhou Asian Games in 2023, more people were able 10 （enjoy） the beauty of Wushu.
十三
（2023深圳一模）
For this year's Spring Festival family dinner, my son has booked a table at the best restaurant in the town. But I'm a bit unhappy about the 1 （choose）. For me, it just won't feel like the Spring Festival 2 （have） the dinner out. I don't understand 3 some people prefer eating out for dinner.
When I was a little boy, the dinner 4 the eve of the Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most. It was not 5 （simple） for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat. More importantly, it's 6 opportunity for the whole family to gather together. I would run around the house, listening to the adults 7 （chat） about their year and watching mum cooking dishes. In the evening, all of us would sit around the table, enjoying the food. The simple, homemade dishes tasted 8 （delicious） than anything cooked by a top chef.
I hope that, in the future, my children and their children 9 （value） our memories of preparing the dinner together. To me, the process is even more important than the dinner 10 （it）.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)语法填空解题技巧
无词形变化的词题，
一般是3个或4个小题，近年来，只考查了冠词、关联词（连词）和介词等三类词；
有词形变化的词题， 即要填词的正确形式，
一般是6个或7个小题，常考查了代词的四种格式，谓语动词的时态和被动语态、非谓语动词、形容词或副词的比较级、词类转化、疑问词、从句中引导词等几种情况。
解题技巧
考法一 给提示词
考生需要根据上下文和句子结构,确定设空处所填词的词性、形式。
考点1 考查动词
1.设空处是谓语动词的,考虑该词的时态和语态。
例1 The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, and mentioned video
calling over the Internet. It (invent) for people to see each other while talking online.
答案 is invented/was invented
解析 第二句中的主语It指代的是前文提到的video calling,与动词invent是被动关系。
例2 Last week, he (come)to visit us in Canada.
答案 came
解析 根据Last week可判断时态为一般过去时,主语he与come之间是主动关系,因此使用come的过去式came。
2.设空处如果不是谓语动词,就有可能是动词的非谓语形式
例1 Su Yu-shan, the manager of the store, says the environment can help
people learn to do “soul(灵魂)reading” by (provide) a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention.
答案 providing
解析 设空处前为介词by,介词后接动名词形式。
例2 Then I taught him how to use the Internet and how (play) chess online.
答案 to play
解析 how 与how to use是并列结构,作谓语动词taught的宾语。
考点2 考查名词
首先确定所给名词是可数名词还是不可数名词。如果是可数名词,还需要确定用单数还是复数形式。
例 Now he is quite good at playing chess online and has made a lot of (friend) on the Internet at the same time.
答案 friends
解析 提示词friend是可数名词,且设空处前出现a lot of,因此使用其复数形式。
考点3 考查形容词
如果设空句出现了提示使用比较等级的关键词或短语时,则需要用提示词的适当形式填空。比如形容词比较级前经常会有much,even,a little,a bit等关键词或短语出现,后会有than出现。
例 My grandfather is much (happy) than before.
答案 happier
解析 提示词为形容词,设空处前出现关键词much,且空后出现than,因此要使用形容词的比较级形式。
考点4 考查代词
1.考查物主代词。
设空处后出现名词,常考查形容词性物主代词。
解析 题干中lifestyle前使用形容词性物主代词their,注意句首单词首字母大写。
例 The San people have another name—“bush people”. (they) lifestyle is very simple, but they know more about animals and plants than most people do.
答案 Their
2.考查人称代词
例 But he was very disappointed when he found nobody here could play chess with (he).
答案 him
解析 提示词为代词,设空处作with的宾语,因此使用人称代词he的宾格。
考查反身代词
例 Now,she enjoys (her) when talking with us every day. She is happy and you can tell from the expression on her face.
答案 herself
解析 enjoy oneself 过得开心,为固定短语,oneself和主语she保持一致,故填herself。
考点5 词性转换
1.动词转换为形容词
例 After changing into the dress and getting my makeup done, I felt (relax).
答案 relaxed
解析 本句的主语是I,felt后接形容词作表语,因此填形容词relaxed。
2.名词转换为形容词
例 With the help of his father-in-law, a builder, he moved into a (comfort) new home after only four months.
答案 comfortable
解析 提示词是名词,设空处修饰其后的名词home,因此要将其转化为形容词形式
3.形容词转换为副词
例 The bookstore is almost (complete) dark, except for the shelves of books.
答案 completely
解析 本句考查副词作状语,修饰形容词dark,表示书店“几乎完全是黑的”,所以填completely。
4.动词转换为名词
例 Su Yu-shan, the (manage) of the store, says the environment can help people learn to do “soul(灵魂) reading” by providing a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention.
答案 manager
解析 设空处补充说明Su Yu-shan是书店的经理,且设空处前出现冠词the,冠词the修饰名词,故填manager。
考法二 无提示词
无提示词的一般是填写冠词、介词、连词、副词、作形式主语或宾语的it等。
考点1 考查冠词
填写不定冠词时,注意其后单词若以元音音素开头则使用an,以辅音音素开头则使用a。
例1 The other day, we chatted with my grandmother, and mentioned video calling over the Internet. It was invented for people to see each other while talking online. Then we came up with idea.
解析 设空后为单数可数名词idea, 在本句中表示泛指,前面用不定冠词,idea 以元音音素开头,不定冠词用an。
答案 an
例2 I took him to computer in my room and said, “Right here.”
答案 the
解析 题干中的in my room修饰限定computer,因此设空处表特指,答案为定冠词。
考点2 考查连词
并列的两个或多个单词、短语或句子之间设空,一般填入的连词有and,but,or,so。
若句子之间为从属关系,则填从属连词。
例 it might not be for everyone, Wuguan Books creates a very different kind of environment from most bookstores.
答案 Although/Though/While
解析 由语境可知,逗号前后为让步关系,设空处表示“尽管、即使”。故可填Although/Though/While。注意句首单词首字母大写。
考点3 考查介词
介词经常出现在固定搭配或者短语中。
例 “Grandpa, someone is waiting you to play chess,” I went to him and said.
答案 for
解析 wait for是固定搭配,意为“等候”。
考点4 考查副词
副词经常在一些固定搭配或者短语中出现,比如:put off(推迟),turn on(打开),take off(起飞)等。
例 I climbed of my tent and looked out at the mountain.
答案 out
解析 climb out of从……爬出来。
考点5 考查it的用法
例 is necessary to encourage kids to come up with new ways to make use of technology in school life.
解析 It在句子中是形式主语,真正的主语是其后的动词不定式短语。“It is+形容词+to do...”是常见表达。
答案 It
易考词性出现背景
1.名词 A.名词出现的背景 动词后作宾语、介词后作宾语、冠词之后、数词之后
B.名词词形技巧：主要考虑名词的单复数及其所有格形式。
2.动词 A.动词出现的背景 主宾或介宾之间的动词．be动词后的动词：进行时与被动语态；情态动词之
后缺动词；并列关系中的动词；主谓分离后的谓语动词形式；分词后置作定语：过去分词和现在分词。
B.动词词形技巧： 主要考虑是要填动词的谓语形式(原形、第三人称单数、过去式、现在分词及
其过去分词形式。)还是填动词的非谓语形式(不定式，现在分词，过去分词)
3.形容词 A.形容词出现的背景 作表语、作定语修饰名词、用在某些动词后作宾语补足语
B.形容词词形技巧： 主要考虑形容词原形、比较级、最高级形式。
4.副词 （1）副词出现的背景 A．句首，作状语修饰整个句子
B．在动宾结构之后或系表结构之间表程度、方式、频率等，修饰动词
C. 在所修饰的形容词之前，作程度副词
（2）副词词形技巧：主要考虑副词原形、比较级、最高级形式。
5. 代词 代替前文出现的人、物或一件事
6. 介词 注意常用的介词用法和固定搭配
7. 连词 注意上下文及句子之间的逻辑关系
8. 冠词 a\an\the的用法区分
9. 平时的学习和做题过程中也要注意积累固定搭配和固定句型，培养语感。
一
[2024长沙雅礼二模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ye Shengtao was a famous Chinese writer. He created the first collection of fairy tales（童话集） named The Scarecrow（《稻草人》） for Chinese children between 1921 and 1922.
Ye was born in 1894 in Jiangsu. He once worked 1 a teacher in a primary school. He often told his students stories from Chinese and foreign classics. His students were all happy 2 （listen） to those stories.
In 1921, Ye 3 （begin） to write fairy tales for a magazine. He finished his first fairy tale Little White Boat in winter of 4 same year. In the following seven months, Ye wrote 22 5 （many） fairy tales than before. And they made up The Scarecrow we see today.
There are two kinds of stories in the collection. The 6 （one） kind is about children’s innocent smiles and beautiful feelings like Little White Boat. People’s hard life like The Scarecrow 7 （describe） in the second kind of his stories. In the story, the scarecrow often sees poor people’s difficulties in life, 8 he is unable to stop them from happening or give people a helping hand. He feels very helpless and falls in the field at last. Ye wanted children to care about what happened around 9 （they）. And he hoped children could understand adults’ 10 （sad） after reading the collection.
Good works can always stand the test of time. Nowadays, Ye’s fairy tales are still popular with children.
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了叶圣陶和他创作的童话集《稻草人》的背景、内容和影响。
[答案]1．as2．to listen3．began4．the5．more6．first7．is described8．but9．them10．sadness
[解析]
1．考查介词。由语境可知，此处指他曾经在一所小学当老师。 work as从事……工作，故填as。
2．考查动词不定式。be happy to do sth.很高兴去做某事。故填to listen。
3．考查时态。根据In 1921可知，此处需用一般过去时，故填began。
4．考查定冠词。此处特指同一年，故填the。
5．考查形容词比较级。根据空后的than before可知，此处需用比较级。many的比较级为more。故填more。
6．考查序数词。由语境和空前的The可知，此处表示第一种故事。故填first。
7．考查被动语态。People’s hard life与describe之间为被动关系，需用被动语态。此处介绍一般事实，用一般现在时。主语为第三人称单数，故填is described。
8．考查连词。空前提到稻草人经常看到穷人生活中的困难，空后提到它无法阻止这些事情的发生，也无法帮助人们。空前后为转折关系，故填but。
9．考查代词。空处位于介词around 后，故用代词宾格，故填them。
10．考查名词。空处位于名词所有格adults’后，需用sad的名词形式sadness，这里表示“悲伤”，为不可数名词,故填sadness。
二
[2024四川南充]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Jiang Shumei, born in 1937, spent most of her time working in a factory. In 1996, she learned her 1 （one） Chinese character（汉字）. Sixteen years later, she started to write down some of her own 2 （story）. It was not easy. Sometimes, completing a single sentence could take a day. She 3 （usual） started at 3 or 4 a.m., and revised（修改） the pieces several times until she was 4 （satisfy）.
In 2013, her book, Time of Trouble, Time of Poverty, was published and proved to be 5 success. The book earned Jiang a lot of fans and sympathy（同情）. “Don’t feel sorry for me,” she says to her fans. “The hardships mentioned in the book are now in the past. 6 them, I could never have finished this book.”
So far, the elderly woman 7 （publish） six books, totaling more than 600,000 characters in length. “It’s never too late. I enjoy 8 （I）when writing,” Jiang says. She lives a healthy life, exercising every day 9 eating a balanced diet. “If I could live as long as 130, would you still say that it is too late for me 10 （start） after 60 ” she says jokingly.
这是一篇记叙文，讲述了中国作家姜淑梅的写作历程、成就及感悟。
[答案]1．first2．stories3．usually4．satisfied5．a6．Without7．has published8．myself9．and10．to start
[解析]
1．考查数词。根据语境可知此处表示“第一个”。故填first。
2．考查名词的数。story是可数名词，由空前的some of her own可知，此处应用复数形式。故填stories。
3．考查副词。设空处修饰started，应用副词。故填usually。
4．考查形容词。设空处作表语，应用提示词的形容词形式。此处表示她对所修改的内容感到满意，故填satisfied。
5．考查冠词。根据句意和空后的success可知，此处需要用不定冠词泛指“一个成功的事物”。success的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
6．考查介词。根据语境推断句意为“没有它们（苦难），我就不能完成这本书。”此处需要用介词without表示“没有”。句首单词首字母大写，故填Without。
7．考查动词的时态。由时间状语So far可知，句子应用现在完成时；主语the elderly woman为第三人称单数，故填has published。
8．考查反身代词。该空是enjoy的宾语，其主语和提示词都是I，因此这里应表示“我自己”。enjoy oneself也是固定搭配，意为“过得愉快”。故填myself。
9．考查连词。设空处前后的exercising every day和eating a balanced diet为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
10．考查动词的非谓语形式。设空处所在的从句应用了结构“it is+ adj. +for sb. +to do sth.”，空处应用动词不定式。故填to start。
三
[2024衡阳一模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Qi Baishi is a world-famous art master in China. He was born in 1 poor family from Xiangtan, Hunan Province. He was at school for less than a year because 2 illnesses. One day, he found a Chinese painting handbook—Jieziyuan Huapu. The book inspired his interest in painting 3 （picture）.
He decided 4 （learn） by himself and later became a master of art through his hard work. In 1902, he 5 （start） to travel around China. He visited famous places, met many people and saw different kinds of art pieces. These experiences helped him become one of the 6 （good） artists of all time.
7 （he） paintings are generally about small things of the world, such as fish, shrimps（虾） and frogs. “Mouse and Cat with Lamp” is one of them. In the picture, a mouse is standing on the top of a long pole（杆子）. Under the pole is a cat. They are so lively 8 it looks like they would jump out of the paper to fight.
All the works 9 （create） by Qi Baishi in a fresh way, which expressed his love for nature and life. His talents and skills amazed the whole world a lot. He is 10 （real） a master of art and the pride of Hunan.
本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了著名画家齐白石。
[答案]1．a2．of3．pictures4．to learn5．started6．best7．His8．that9．were created10．really
[解析]
1．考查冠词。此处指“一个贫穷的家庭”，是第一次提到，且poor以辅音音素开头，故填a。
2．考查固定搭配。because of “因为”。故填of。
3．考查名词复数。此处表示泛指，空前无冠词或物主代词，用名词复数。故填pictures。
4．考查动词不定式。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”。故填to learn。
5．考查时态。根据In 1902可知，句子用一般过去时。故填started。
6．考查形容词最高级。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”。故填best。
7．考查代词。用形容词性物主代词修饰名词，空处位于句首，首字母大写，故填His。
8．考查状语从句的引导词。根据“so lively...it looks like...”可知，此处为“so...that”表示“如此……以至于”。故填that。
9．考查被动语态。主语All the works和谓语动词create之间是被动关系，结合语境和后面定语从句中的expressed可知，此处用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were created。
10．空处作状语，表示“真正地”，用副词really。故填really。
四
(2024深圳二模)The lion dance is one of the most popular traditional arts in China. Known 1 the king of animals, the lion is a symbol of power in Chinese culture. People perform the lion dance 2 （drive） away evil（邪恶） and bring good luck.
The lion dance 3 （operate） by two dancers in a lion costume. The lion's head is 4 （main） made of bamboo or wood. The lion's body is made of colored cloth. Dancers often wear pants and shoes that are 5 same color as the lion's body.
The lion dance is usually seen during 6 （culture） celebrations and traditional festivals. Over the years, it has developed into two main types, Northern Lion Dance and Southern Lion Dance. 7 both forms share some similarities, they show differences in many ways. For example, the Northern Lion Dance is more playful. It tries to show the lion's character and 8 （behave）. The Southern Lion Dance is more expressive. Many people are impressed by 9 （it） energetic movements such as standing on wooden stakes （木桩） to climb high and shaking the hair.
So far, the lion dance 10 （spread） throughout the world with Chinese immigrants（移民）. Now it is enjoyed by people of all ages.
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了舞狮的相关情况，包括发展起源以及南北方舞狮的差异。
[答案]
1．as 2．to drive 3．is operated 4．mainly 5．the 6．cultural
7．Although/Though 8．behaviour/behavior 9．its 10．has spread
[解析]
1．本题考查介词。句意：狮子被称为万兽之王，在中国文化中是权力的象征。be known as“被称为，作为……而出名”，固定短语，故填as。
2．本题考查非谓语动词。句意：人们表演舞狮来驱邪并带来好运。drive away “赶走”，空处用动词不定式表目的，故填to drive。
3．本题考查被动语态。句意：舞狮是由两个穿着狮子服装的舞者操纵的。分析句子可知，主语The lion dance与谓语动词operate之间是被动关系，句子用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，故填is operated。
4．本题考查副词。句意：狮子的头主要由竹子或木头制成。空处用副词修饰谓语is made；mainly “主要地”，故填mainly。
5．本题考查冠词。句意：舞蹈演员经常穿和上衣颜色一样的裤子和鞋。根据“same color as the lion's body”可知，此处表达 “和狮身一样的颜色”，the same...as...“和……相同的……”，故填the。
6．本题考查形容词。句意：舞狮通常出现在文化庆典和传统节日期间。空处缺少形容词作定语修饰celebrations，culture的形容词为cultural，故填cultural。
7．本题考查连词。句意：虽然这两种形式有一些相似之处，但它们在许多方面表现出不同。根据“both forms share some similarities”与 “they show differences in many ways”可知，此处用Although/Though引导让步状语从句，故填Although/Though。
8．本题考查名词。句意：它试图展示狮子的特征和行为。根据“the lion's character”可知，此处应用behave的名词形式，表达狮子的性格和行为，故填behaviour/behavior。
9．本题考查物主代词。句意：许多人被它那充满活力的动作所打动，比如站在木桩上向上攀爬和摇动毛发。空处应用it的形容词性物主代词形式，修饰名词短语energetic movements，故填its。
10．本题考查时态。句意：到目前为止，舞狮运动已经随着中国移民传播到世界各地。根据“So far”可知，句子用现在完成时，主语the lion dance为第三人称单数，故填has spread。
五
[2024岳阳二模]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A video series（系列片） named Escape from the British Museum was released（发布） last year. It has caused a heated 1 （discuss） in China’s social media recently. Directed by a Chinese vlogger, the three-episode series tells a story of how a Chinese cultural relic（文物） escapes from the British Museum and finds 2 （it） way back to China.
In the video series, the female vlogger 3 （play） the role of an ancient Chinese jade teapot（玉茶壶）, while her male（男性的） partner is a journalist 4 helps the teapot return to China. The 5 （video） were inspired by a netizen who suggested 6 （make） a video in memory of the ordeal（磨难） of Chinese cultural relics returning home from the UK. They said the story was based on historical facts and aimed to draw attention 7 the Chinese cultural relics held abroad. After watching the videos, the netizens 8 （humorous） remarked（评论） that the treasures in the museum must be feeling “homesick”. What 9 educational and creative story!
It 10 （believe） that more great micro-dramas like Escape From the British Museum are worth looking forward to and they will become better and better.
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了网络剧《逃出大英博物馆》的故事情节、创作背景及其影响。
[答案]1．discussion2．its3．plays4．who/that5．videos6．making7．to8．humorously9．an10．is believed
[解析]
1．考查名词。空前有a，此处应用可数名词单数，discussion“讨论”。故填discussion。
2．考查代词。空后是名词，此处用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。
3．考查时态。结合语境和while her male partner is可知，此处用一般现在时。主语是名词单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。
4．考查定语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代a journalist，故填who/that。
5．考查名词。根据空后的were可知此处用名词复数。故填videos。
6．suggest doing sth. 建议做某事，故填making。
7．考查介词。draw attention to“引起对……的关注”，为固定搭配。故填to。
8．考查副词。空处修饰动词remarked，用副词。humorously“幽默地”。故填humorously。
9．考查冠词。 此处是感叹句“What a/an +形容词+名词!”结构。因为educational以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
10．考查固定结构。 it is believed that...“人们相信……”。故填is believed。
六
2024深圳二模)
Showing Respect for Seniors
Dads have Father's Day. Moms have Mother's Day. Kids have Children's Day. But, do our grandparents have a special holiday Yes, they do!
The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for elderly people in China. The festival is 1 the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar （阴历）. As the Chinese word for nine has the same sound as the word for long, people take the Double Ninth Festival to show 2 （they） wishes for a long life for elderly people.
There are many traditions for this festival. On that day, 3 （family） get together and climb mountains for luck and in the hope that elderly people will live much longer. They also drink chrysanthemum wine （菊花酒） and wear a plant 4 （call） zhuyu to celebrate it. Both chrysanthemums 5 zhuyu are regarded as clean plants that can clean houses and cure （治愈） diseases.
Respecting elderly people is shown not only on this special day but also in daily life. For example, when an older person enters 6 room, everyone stands up. When there are several guests at the table, the host usually introduces them from the 7 （old） to the youngest. When a younger person is presenting something to an older person, two hands 8 （use）. On a crowded subway train or bus, younger people always offer their seats to elderly people.
It is a 9 （tradition） virtue （美德） in China to respect elderly people. That's because the Chinese know that elderly people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn from. So Chinese people are proud of 10 （be） old. Besides, to respect the elderly people is to respect yourself tomorrow.
本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统节日——重阳节，并强调了中国人尊重老年人的传统美德。
[答案]1．on 2．their 3．families 4．called 5．and
6．a 7．oldest 8．are used 9．traditional 10．being
[解析]
1．本题考查介词。句意：这个节日是在农历九月初九。根据“the ninth day of the ninth month of the lunar calendar”可知，此处是指具体的一天，应用介词on，故填on。
2．本题考查代词。句意：因为汉语中的“九”和“久”同音，所以人们用重阳节来表达他们对老年人长寿的愿望。根据“show...wishes”可知，此处是指表达他们的愿望；应用人称代词they的形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰名词wishes，故填their。
3．本题考查名词。句意：在那一天，家人聚在一起爬山以求好运，并希望老年人能活得更久。根据空后“get together”可知，此处应用名词family“家庭”的复数形式families作主语，故填families。
4．本题考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还喝菊花酒，佩戴一种叫茱萸的植物来庆祝。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语动词为drink和wear，因此这里应用非谓语动词；“a plant”与动词call是动宾关系，因此这里应用过去分词called作后置定语修饰a plant，故填called。
5．本题考查连词。句意：菊花和茱萸都被认为是清洁的植物，可以清洁房屋和治疗疾病。根据“Both chrysanthemums...zhuyu”可知，此处考查both...and...“……与……都”，固定搭配，故填and。
6．本题考查冠词。句意：例如，当一位老人进入房间时，每个人都站起来。根据“enters...room”可知，此处是指进入一个房间，应用不定冠词表泛指，且room是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用a。故填a。
7．本题考查形容词最高级。句意：当餐桌上有几位客人时，主人通常会把他们从最年长的介绍到年龄最小的。结合“from the...to the youngest”和语境可知，此处是指从最年长的到年龄最小的；应用形容词old的最高级oldest，故填oldest。
8．本题考查被动语态。句意：当年轻人向老年人递交东西时，要用两只手。分析句子结构可知，主语“two hands”与动词use“使用”是被动关系，应用被动语态，且时态为一般现在时，因此这里是一般现在时的被动语态；主语为第三人称复数，be动词用are；use的过去分词为used，故填are used。
9．本题考查形容词。句意：尊敬老人是中国的传统美德。根据“a...virtue”可知，此处是指一个传统美德，应用名词tradition的形容词形式traditional“传统的”作定语，修饰名词virtue，故填traditional。
10．本题考查动名词。句意：所以中国人以年老为荣。根据空前介词of可知，此处应用be的动名词形式being作介词的宾语，故填being。
七
[2024江苏苏州]请认真阅读下面短文，在横线上填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When cultures meet, not just their language or clothing may be different. Often their food will be 1 （great） different too. People on both sides can discover new chances for trading. This text 2 （tell） how some common food plants spread around the world.
As early as 5,000 BC, 3 （potato） were traded in South America as a valuable type of food. They were 4 （take） to Europe in the 1500s and their use soon spread across it.
Tea drinking started in China. By the early 1600s, traders had begun to ship tea from China to Europe. Tea drinking soon 5 （become） fashionable there but because 6 its high price, it remained a drink for the wealthy.
Sugar cane（甘蔗） was first used to produce 7 kind of sweet juice over 8,000 years ago on the island of New Guinea. Its use soon spread across South East Asia and then to the 8 （wide） world.
Cocoa was used to make a cold, spicy drink in Central America over 3,000 years ago. The Europeans brought it back with 9 （they） in the 1520s and added sugar to make the sweet, hot drink we know today. 10 it’s expensive, many people still love it.
这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些常见的食用植物，如马铃薯、茶叶、甘蔗、可可粉是如何传播到世界各地的。
[答案]1．greatly2．tells3．potatoes4．taken5．became6．of7．a8．wider9．them10．Though
[解析]
1．考查副词。因空后的different是形容词，要用副词修饰，故此处填greatly。
2．考查时态。此处指本文告诉了读者什么内容，应该用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，故填tells。
3．考查名词。potato是可数名词，空后是were，此处应该用复数，故填potatoes。
4．考查被动语态。主语They指的是马铃薯，马铃薯应该是被带到欧洲去，故填taken。
5．考查时态。前一句讲17世纪，茶叶已经开始从中国运到欧洲，所以此处喝茶很快变得流行是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时，故填became。
6．考查介词。此处指由于茶叶的高价格。因为空后是名词短语，所以此处应用because of表示“由于”，故填of。
7．考查冠词。甘蔗首先用来生产一种甜果汁，此处表示泛指，故填a。
8．考查形容词比较级。此处指很快传播到东南亚，然后传播到更广阔的世界。故填wider。
9．考查代词。空前的with是介词，此处应使用代词宾格，故填them。
10．考查连词。这句话表示虽然它昂贵，但是许多人仍然喜欢它。句首单词首字母大写。故填Though。
八
[2024福建]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Xi’an is the capital city of Shaanxi province. It lies in 1 north of China. The city’s early history is often connected with Liu Bang, who started the Han Dynasty and made Xi’an his capital. He 2 （give） it the name Chang’an. During the Tang Dynasty, Xi’an achieved its great importance. Korea and Japan followed Xi’an’s example in 3 （build） their ancient capitals.
Many things from ancient times can still be found in Xi’an today. The city wall—one of the few city walls still left in China—is a good example. It 4 （go） around the city and is an important cultural site（遗址）. In central Xi’an there is the Bell Tower—the 5 （large） bell tower remaining in China. The bell was first designed as an emergency alarm（警钟） to warn of danger, 6 it was very often used to tell people the time.
While Xi’an is a city 7 a long history, it is also very much a part of the modern world. It is best 8 （know） as a center for software（软件） research, development and services. Historically, Xi’an has always been a city of art, industry and business that have placed it far in front of many other 9 （city）.
Xi’an is a city always remaking 10 （it） and looking forward, all the while keeping the best of the past.
这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国陕西省省会西安这座城市。
[答案]1．the2．gave3．building4．goes5．largest6．but7．with8．known9．cities10．itself
[解析]
1．考查冠词。in the north of是固定结构，表示“在……的北方”。 故填the。
2．考查动词的时态。句子描述过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时。 故填gave。
3．考查动词的非谓语形式。介词in后面应用动词的-ing形式作宾语。 故填building。
4．考查动词的时态。此处描述城墙的特点，应用一般现在时，主语是It，动词应用第三人称单数形式。 故填goes。
5．考查形容词的比较等级。根据句意及空前的the可知，此处需使用large的最高级。 故填largest。
6．考查连词。根据句意，设空处前后构成转折关系，应使用连词but。 故填but。
7．考查介词。with a long history表示“有着悠久的历史”。 故填with。
8．考查动词的非谓语形式。固定搭配be known as表示“作为……而知名”。 故填known。
9．考查名词复数。many other修饰的名词应用复数形式。 故填cities。
10．考查代词。此处表示西安是一座一直在重塑自己的城市，应使用反身代词itself。 故填itself。
九
[2024长沙模拟]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Most people nowadays wear sneakers（跑鞋）, sandals（凉鞋） or boots. But in ancient China, many people made 1 （they） own cloth shoes.
Tangchang, 2 town in Sichuan province with over 700 years of shoemaking history, is known 3 its cloth shoes. Tangchang cloth shoes are easy to walk in, and they don’t get wet 4 （easy）.
Tangchang cloth shoes 5 （be） popular in China from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty. In 2018, Tangchang cloth shoes were added to Sichuan’s intangible cultural heritage（非物质文化遗产） list. Cloth shoes always look nice, 6 making cloth shoes is not easy. Growing up in Tangchang, Lai Shufang, 66, is a master of making cloth shoes and has been making them for over forty 7 （year）. The job is much 8 （difficult） than before because sneakers became more popular with customers. Many Tangchang cloth shoe factories shut down. The last one, where Lai worked, shut down in 1998.
9 （make） a living and help the cultural heritage survive, Lai and her co-workers continued to make cloth shoes and sold them in her store. Then, Sichuan embroidery（蜀绣） 10 （add） to the shoes by Lai’s son, Ai Peng. Tangchang cloth shoes may appear simple, but behind them lies the passion of Lai’s family.
本文是一篇记叙文。在四川唐昌——一个有着700年制鞋历史的镇上，布鞋制作大师赖淑芳和她的同事们传承非物质文化遗产，继续制作着布鞋。
[答案]1．their2．a3．for4．easily5．were6．but7．years8．more difficult9．To make10．was added
[解析]
1．考查代词。根据空后的own cloth shoes可知，设空处应填形容词性物主代词。故填their。
2．考查冠词。这里泛指一个四川省的镇，且town是以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
3．考查介词。be known for 因……而出名，固定搭配。故填for。
4．考查副词。修饰动词get 需用副词。故填easily。
5．考查时态。根据from the Ming Dynasty to the late Qing Dynasty可知，此句用一般过去时；主语Tangchang cloth shoes为复数，故填were。
6．考查连词。设空处前的Cloth shoes always look nice和设空处后的making cloth shoes is not easy为转折关系，故填but。
7．考查名词复数。根据forty可知，此处需用复数形式，故填years。
8．考查形容词比较级。根据设空处前的much和后面的than可知，此处需用形容词比较级，故填more difficult。
9．考查动词不定式。此处表示为了维持生计和帮助文化遗产的生存，赖淑芳和她的同事们继续制作布鞋并在她的店里出售。此处需用动词不定式表目的。空处位于句首，句首单词首字母需大写，故填To make。
10．考查被动语态。主语Sichuan embroidery与动词add之间存在被动关系，需用被动语态。结合上文可知，此句需用一般过去时；主语为单数，故填was added。
十
（2024深圳一模）
As one of Guangdong's intangible cultural heritage （非物质文化遗产） representatives, Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch （早茶） is a long-standing custom that has been passed down 1 hundreds of years. These delicious foods are now available for 2 （we） to taste in Guangzhou's streets.
People in Guangzhou particularly enjoy drinking tea. 3 they greet each other, they often ask, “How about drinking tea ” Why then do people in Guangzhou have such a strong preference for tea In Guangzhou, tea focuses on both tea and dim sum （点心）. More 4 （important）, drinking tea has developed into a cultural pastime for socializing and gatherings, acting as a bridge for communication in people's 5 （day） lives. It is said that Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch originated from old neighborhoods in Guangzhou. The earliest tea drinking places 6 （call） “Erli Pavilion”. Every day before 7 （start） work, people would go to small tea houses and spend two cents enjoying 8 cup of tea and some dim sum, which are good and cheap.
In 2023, the custom of Guangzhou Dim Sum Brunch was included in the list of the 9 （eight） batch（批） of Guangdong Intangible Cultural Heritage programs. Since then, this traditional culture 10 （become） the best symbol of outlining the city's style and cultural charm.
本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了广东人的“早茶文化”。
[答案]1．for 2．us 3．When 4．importantly 5．daily
6．were called 7．starting 8．a 9．eighth 10．has become
[解析]
1．本题考查介词。句意：作为广东省非物质文化遗产的代表之一，广州早茶是一种流传了数百年的悠久习俗。空后是时间段，用介词for。故填for。
2．本题考查人称代词。句意：我们现在可以在广州的街道上品尝到这些美味的食物。空处作介词for的宾语用宾格us，故填us。
3．本题考查连词。这里表示当他们互相问候时，他们经常问：“喝茶怎么样？”根据“they greet each other”可知是当他们互相打招呼时，用when引导时间状语从句，故填When。
4．本题考查副词。句意：更重要的是，喝茶已经发展成为一种社交和聚会的文化消遣，成为人们日常生活中沟通的桥梁。此处修饰整个句子，用副词importantly“重要地”，故填importantly。
5．本题考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，喝茶已经发展成为一种社交和聚会的文化消遣，成为人们日常生活中沟通的桥梁。此处修饰名词lives用形容词daily“日常的”，故填daily。
6．本题考查被动语态。句意：最早的饮茶场所叫做“二厘馆”。主语The earliest tea drinking places和谓语动词call之间是被动关系，且是过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是名词复数，故填were called。
7．本题考查动词的非谓语形式。句意：每天上班前，人们都会去小茶馆，花两分钱喝一杯茶，吃一些点心，它们物美价廉。介词before后加动词的-ing形式，故填starting。
8．本题考查冠词。句意：每天上班前，人们都会去小茶馆，花两分钱喝一杯茶，吃一些点心，它们物美价廉。此处泛指“一杯茶”，cup以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，故填a。
9．本题考查序数词。此处表示2023年，广州早茶习俗被列入广东省人民政府第八批省级非物质文化遗产名录。表示顺序用序数词eighth，故填eighth。
10．本题考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，这种传统文化就成为勾勒城市风貌和文化魅力的最佳象征。根据“Since then”可知句子用现在完成时，主语是this traditional culture，助动词用has， 故填has become。
十一
（2024深圳二模）
The traditional Chinese solar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms. The Spring Equinox （春分）, as 1 fourth term of the year starts on 20 March and ends on 3 April this year.
On the day of the Spring Equinox, the Sun is directly above the equator （赤道）. After the equinox, the Sun moves northwards, which results 2 longer daytime in the Northern Hemisphere （半球） and longer nights in the Southern Hemisphere. Here are three of the 3 （thing） you may not know about the Spring Equinox.
Standing an egg upright 4 （be） a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox since 4,000 years ago. People practise it 5 （celebrate） the coming of spring. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a tradition in many places of China. Spring vegetables are seasonal vegetables 6 are different from place to place. The ancient teachings of the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggest that people eat seasonal foods to help stay 7 （health） and bring good luck.
8 （usual）, rewarding cattle is popular in the southern area of the Yangtze River. As the Spring Equinox comes, farm work starts, and the farmers and the cattle become busy. Farmers will reward cattle with sticky rice balls to express 9 （they） thanks. Meanwhile, to thank the birds for 10 （bring） signals for farm work and to wish them not to eat grains later in the year, people will also offer sacrifices to them. These are what the farmers often do to wish for the harvest of the coming year.
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国传统二十四节气中的春分。
[答案]1．the 2．in 3．things 4．has been 5．to celebrate
6．which/that 7．healthy 8．Usually 9．their 10．bringing
[解析]
1．本题考查冠词。句意：春分，作为一年中的第四个节气，今年于3月20日开始，4月3日结束。根据“fourth”可知，应是第四个节气，序数词前填定冠词，故填the。
2．本题考查介词。句意：春分之后，太阳向北移动，导致北半球白天变长，南半球夜晚变长。根据“which results”以及“longer daytime in the Northern Hemisphere and longer nights in the Southern Hemisphere”可知，太阳北移会导致北半球白天变长，南半球夜晚变长，result in“导致”，故填in。
3．本题考查名词。句意：以下是关于春分你可能不知道的三件事。根据“Here are three of the”可知，设空处应填名词复数things，故填things。
4．本题考查时态。句意：从4000年前开始，在春分时节立蛋就成了全国各地流行的一种游戏。根据“a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox since 4,000 years ago”可知，该句是现在完成时，且主语“Standing an egg upright”是单数，故填has been。
5．本题考查非谓语动词。句意：人们这样做来庆祝春天的到来。根据“the coming of spring”可知，是庆祝春天的到来，设空处作目的状语，填所给词的不定式形式to celebrate“庆祝”，故填to celebrate。
6．本题考查定语从句关系代词。句意：春天的蔬菜是时令蔬菜，各地不同。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词“seasonal vegetables”，先行词为物，关系代词在从句中作主语，因此关系代词填which/that。
7．本题考查形容词。句意：中国古典名著《黄帝内经》中的古老教义建议人们吃应季食物，以保持健康并带来好运。根据“stay”可知，后填形容词，stay healthy“保持健康”，故填healthy。
8．本题考查副词。句意：通常，犒赏牛在长江以南地区很流行。根据“rewarding cattle is popular in the southern area of the Yangtze River”可知，设空处要填副词，修饰整个句子，故填Usually。
9．本题考查代词。句意：农民们会用糯米团犒劳耕牛来表达他们的谢意。根据“express”以及“thanks”可知，应是表达他们的谢意，因此设空处填所给词的形容词性物主代词形式their，修饰名词thanks, 故填their。
10．本题考查动词的-ing形式。句意：同时，为了感谢鸟儿为农活带来的信号，并希望它们在今年晚些时候不要吃谷物，人们也会祭祀它们。设空处前为介词“for”，因此需填动词的-ing形式，故填bringing。
十二
（2024深圳一模）
How much do you know about Wushu Wushu, also known as martial arts, is one of the earliest 1 （sport） in China. It uses both body and brain. What's more, Wushu is an outstanding example of 2 （tradition） Chinese cultures. It can explain 3 Chinese people understand the world. Over its long history, Wushu 4 （develop） into a special unity of exercise, self-protection and art.
As a sport and 5 artistic form, Wushu has gained great popularity in China. In Shenzhen, some schools have Wushu classes for kids. Every training 6 （require） students to take it seriously. Only by training hard can they build up 7 （they） bodies and meet the challenges in the future.
As a competitive sport with great fitness value, Wushu has spread 8 （wide） across the world. Many masters helped make Wushu world-famous. Thanks to them, the word “kung fu” appeared in many foreign language dictionaries. Many Chinese have set up Wushu schools outside China, providing people 9 the chance to experience the fantastic sport. During the Hangzhou Asian Games in 2023, more people were able 10 （enjoy） the beauty of Wushu.
本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了中国武术。
[答案]1．sports 2．traditional 3．how 4．has developed 5．an
6．requires 7．their 8．widely 9．with 10．to enjoy
[解析]
1．本题考查名词。one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数“最……的……之一”，故填sports。
2．本题考查形容词。句意：更重要的是，武术是中国传统文化的杰出代表。此处修饰名词短语Chinese culture，用形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语，故填traditional。
3．本题考查宾语从句引导词。句意：它可以解释中国人是如何理解世界的。根据“Chinese people understand the world”可知，是指中国人如何理解世界，用how“如何”引导宾语从句，故填how。
4．本题考查时态。句意：在它悠久的历史中，武术已经发展成为一种集锻炼、自我保护和艺术于一体的特殊形式。根据“Over its long history”可知，时态为现在完成时，主语是第三人称单数，助动词用has，故填has developed。
5．本题考查冠词。句意：作为一种体育运动和艺术形式，武术在中国广受欢迎。根据“artistic form”可知，此处泛指一种艺术形式，artistic是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词用an，故填an。
6．本题考查时态。句意：每项训练都要求学生认真对待。本文主体时态是一般现在时，根据“Every training”可知，谓语动词用第三人称单数requires，故填requires。
7．本题考查代词。句意：只有通过刻苦训练，他们才能强身健体，迎接未来的挑战。根据“bodies”可知，此处用形容词性物主代词their，修饰名词，故填their。
8．本题考查副词。句意：武术作为一项极具健身价值的竞技体育项目，在世界范围内广泛传播。此处修饰动词spread，用副词形式，故填widely。
9．本题考查介词。句意：许多中国人在国外开办武术学校，为人们提供体验这项奇妙运动的机会。provide sb. with sth.“为某人提供某物”，故填with。
10．本题考查非谓语动词。句意：2023年杭州亚运会期间，更多的人能够欣赏到武术之美。be able to do sth.“能够做某事”，故填to enjoy。
十三
（2023深圳一模）
For this year's Spring Festival family dinner, my son has booked a table at the best restaurant in the town. But I'm a bit unhappy about the 1 （choose）. For me, it just won't feel like the Spring Festival 2 （have） the dinner out. I don't understand 3 some people prefer eating out for dinner.
When I was a little boy, the dinner 4 the eve of the Spring Festival was what I looked forward to most. It was not 5 （simple） for the delicious food that we seldom got to eat. More importantly, it's 6 opportunity for the whole family to gather together. I would run around the house, listening to the adults 7 （chat） about their year and watching mum cooking dishes. In the evening, all of us would sit around the table, enjoying the food. The simple, homemade dishes tasted 8 （delicious） than anything cooked by a top chef.
I hope that, in the future, my children and their children 9 （value） our memories of preparing the dinner together. To me, the process is even more important than the dinner 10 （it）.
本文是一篇记叙文。作者因儿子在外订年夜饭而不高兴，想起自己小时候准备年夜饭的快乐，希望自己的子孙未来也能珍惜大家一起准备年夜饭的过程。
[答案]1．choice 2．having/to have 3．why 4．on/of 5．simply
6．an 7．chatting 8．more delicious 9．will value 10．itself
[解析]
1．考查名词。由空前的unhappy about the可知，此处要用choose的名词形式作宾语，故填choice。
2．考查动词的非谓语形式。分析句子结构可知，it作形式主语，故可用动词的-ing形式或不定式作句子真正的主语，故填having/to have。
3．考查宾语从句的连接词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句。根据前一句“For me, it just won't feel like...the dinner out.”可知，作者不理解为什么有些人更喜欢在外面吃年夜饭，宾语从句的连接词用why。
4．考查介词。the eve of the Spring Festival“除夕”，为具体某一天的晚上，用介词on。此处也可用介词of, 表示除夕夜的晚餐，即年夜饭，故填on/of。
5．考查副词。设空处修饰谓语动词，要用simple的副词形式，故填simply。
6．考查冠词。设空处后面的opportunity为可数名词单数形式，此处泛指一个机会，且opportunity以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。
7．考查动词的非谓语形式。listen to sb. doing sth.“倾听某人正在做某事”，即倾听的时候，动作正在发生，此处要用动词的-ing形式，故填chatting。
8．考查形容词比较级。由空前的tasted可知，此处填形容词；由比较级的标志词than可知，此处要用形容词的比较级形式，故填more delicious。
9．考查动词的时态。根据时间状语in the future可知，设空处要用一般将来时，故填will value。
10．考查反身代词。此句想表达的意思是“对我来说，一起准备年夜饭的过程比年夜饭本身更重要”，由此可知，此处要用反身代词，故填itself。
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