2025中考英语解题技巧(全国通用)专题2.细节理解解题技巧(学生版+解析)

细节理解解题技巧
细节理解题主要考查对文章(或某一段落)中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who， what，when，where，why和how等提问。说明文和叙述文的阅读题有相当一部分是此类题。间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整理后方能得出结论，此类试题在中考试题中占大多数。抓住文章或段落中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型题的基础。常见的技巧方法一般有如下几类：
方法1：线索句定位法
所谓线索句，就是为我们提供正确答案的线索，对线索句的精准定位，是阅读高分的秘诀。
首先，英语阅读的试题顺序往往对应着段落顺序，按照出题顺序，依次往下找，就能迅速定位到段落；其次，定位到段后，粗略对比，迅速找到与试题所给句子中单词/短语重复较多的目标句；最后，将目标句与试题选项的句子仔细比对，找出区别，逐个排除错误项，定位答案。
典例题分析
To hold a pajama party, the host will usually plan some fun activities such as watching movies and playing board games and video games. He or she should also prepare some delicious snacks and fun food like pizza. Guests at a pajama party should bring their own pajamas, toothbrushes, pillows and blankets. But if they forget something, they don't need to worry because the host will give them what they need.
If a pajama party is mainly for fun, a prom is no doubt a very important thing in most American schools. A prom is a formal dance party that is held at a high school. The party is usually held near the end of the senior year, the last year of high school, so it is often called graduation (毕业) dance. Students should wear formal clothes at the prom...
2. The students ______ at a prom.
A. wear formal clothes B. wear pajama C. play fun games D. are all surprised
Step1：定位到段：第一题的答案出现在第一段中，第二题可以顺着段落顺序，定位到第二段；
Step2：定位到句：根据题干中出现的students/at a prom，迅速定位到目标句 “Students should wear formal clothes at the prom.”；
Step3：定位答案：根据目标句中的should wear formal clothes确定答案为A
方法2：语意转换法
Fifty-seven years ago Barbie Millicent Roberts first came out in the world of toys. Since then, Barbie doll, as everyone called her, has become the most famous toy doll in history. Her parent, the Mattel Company, said that 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie at home.
However, Barbie is facing some trouble at present. There are many dolls on the market in competition with her. Another doll named Bratz, for example, came to life seventeen years ago. She looks more like today's pop stars with heavy makeup (浓妆) and miniskirts.
Barbie's trouble is that ______.
A. it wears heavy makeup and miniskirts
B. other dolls are more popular with girls
C. other dolls are trying to beat her in the market
D. it is more expensive than the other dolls
Step1：定位到段：题干中的核心词是Barbie's trouble，故可定位至第二段。
Step2：定位到句：根据trouble，可定位至目标句“ However, Barbie is facing some trouble at present. There are many dolls on the market in competition with her.”
Step3：定位答案：根据第二段 Barbie is facing some trouble at present. There are many dolls on the market in competition with her.可知，芭比娃娃面临的问题是：市场上有许多洋娃娃和她竞争(in competition with)，也就是这些洋娃娃正试图在市场上打败(beat)她，确定答案为A。
方法3：选项内容转换法（选项是原文的同义转述）
There are millions of recipes (菜谱) hidden in the boxes and hearts of grandmothers and parents. ...
“I realized I couldn’t go home every weekend for my mom’s delicious dishes,” says Shreya,who is about to enter university. Shreya has recently started following her mother around the kitchen,taking notes on how to make her “masala chai”and tasty kachoris.
问：Why does Shreya follow her mother around the kitchen
A. To clean up the kitchen. B. To note down recipes.
C. To prepare family dinners. D. To talk about family rules.
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出题干关键词。
Step 2 回文定位。
Step 3 对比选项，找与原文意思一致的选项。
B选项note down recipes是原文中taking notes on how to make her “masala chai” and tasty kachoris的同义转述。
方法4.题干信息转换法（题干关键词是原文的同义转述）
Do you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste According to the United Nations（UN）, every year around the world, about one billion（十亿)）tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry.Simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger.In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide （CO2）, which speeds up climate （气候）change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem
问：According to the passage，what is a possible result of food waste？
A. The problem of worldwide hunger. B. A big increase in food production.
C. The speed-up of climate change. D. A sudden drop in population.
解题步骤：
Step 1 画出题干关键词。
Step 2 信息转换，回文定位。
题干中的a possible result of food waste是原文中the wasted food produces...的同义转述，由此
找到题干对应的原文内容。
Step 3 对比选项。
方法5：逻辑顺序厘清法
逻辑顺序厘清法，就是根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。主要考查学生对文章细节中事物发展顺序的理解能力。
While at the beach this afternoon, I met a boy called Bob. We talked a lot. He said that it was fun playing on the cliffs(悬崖). I told him that I was not allowed to go near that place (Mum and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there). He called me a coward. I wanted to prove to him that I was just as brave as him, so I agreed to go with him.
We wanted to make our way down to explore(探索) the area. So Bob started to climb down and I followed him. Unluckily, some rocks came down after us. One of them nearly hit my head. We could not get back up. We shouted and shouted for help, but for a long time no help came. I was really scared. I wanted to cry. Then, we heard some sounds. Someone had heard us. A woman tied a rope around herself while a man at the cliff top held the rope. She made her way down to save us.
My parents were relieved(宽慰的) that I wasn't hurt, but they were angry that I had done such a dangerous thing. I apologized and promised that I would not do anything like that again.
In what order did the events happen
a. Some rocks came down.
b. The writer followed Bob.
c. The writer wanted to cry.
d. A man and a woman saved them.
e. The writer and Bob heard some sounds.
A. a-b-c-d-e B. b-a-c-e-d C. a-c-b-e d D. b-c-a-e-d
Step1：理解a-e题干描述的事件：a. Some rocks came down. 一些石头掉了下来；b. The writer followed Bob. 作家跟着鲍勃；c. The writer wanted to cry.这位作家想哭；d. A man and a woman saved them. 一男一女救了他们；e. The writer and Bob heard some sounds. 作家和鲍勃听到了一些声音。
Step2：通读文章理出事件发生的顺序：通读全文可知作者遇到了Bob，才跟随Bob去了悬崖上，所以选项b排在最前，一些岩石掉下来，遇到了危险，因为害怕想哭，所以a，c排在b的后面。接着作者跟Bob听到了声音，最后一个男人跟一个女人救了他们，所以e，d排在末尾；
Step3：定位答案：结合选项和文章进行排序可知，确定正确答案为B。
方法6 数字计算法
Shared chargers (共享充电宝) have already appeared at 37 sites in Xi'an. People in Xi'an can find them in places like restaurants and shopping malls.
How to enjoy the special service That's easy! Users can scan a QR code (扫描二维码) on a machine to rent one of the chargers. Of course, before using, users need to pay a deposit (押金) of 100 yuan. But if a user's Alipay-based Zhima credit score is over 600, he or she doesn't have to pay a deposit. The chargers are free to use for the first hour, and will cost 1 yuan per hour after that. You can spend at most 10 yuan a day. So don't worry about the cost!

Jim used a shared charger for 3 hours for the first time and he should pay ______ for it.
A.1 yuan B.2 yuan C.3 yuan D.10 yuan
Step1：定位到段：结合题干和选项可知，本题需要根据共享充电宝的使用价格进行解答，可定位至第二段。
Step2：定位到句：根据pay...for和选项快速定位至关键句“The chargers are free to use for the first hour, and will cost 1 yuan per hour after that.”。
Step3：定位答案：根据... free to use for the first hour, and will cost 1 yuan per hour after that.可知，共享充电宝第一小时免费使用，之后每小时1元。吉姆用了共享充电宝三小时，他最后应该付2元。确定答案为B。
一
（2024广东模拟，A）
CSS Hunter Party 7:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m. on December 1st, 2024 50 persons only If you are interested in science, you can join CSS （China Space Station） Hunter Party. Anyone aged from 12 to 18 is welcome! You can make friends with someone with the same hobby. You can also talk with astronauts online and have a space class. Fifty yuan each and half price for anyone with a student card. ADVICE FOR THE PARTY ●Temperature drops after the sun goes down. As a result, be sure to take warm clothes. ●Bring a flashlight with a red filter（滤光器） to help you find the way. Please avoid shining your light out onto the field when you enter. It's polite to point the light down in front of you. ●Telescopes （望远镜） will be set up to view CSS. If you already have a telescope, feel free to bring it along. We suggest that you arrive half an hour earlier to have enough time to set it up. Please send messages to us before November 24th. You can call us at 075-88769 or send us an email to CSS-Hunter@party.com for more information. If it is rainy or cloudy that night, the party will be put off. Any changes will be posted on the website.
1．Who has a chance to get a half-price ticket
A. A ten-year-old boy with a student card.
B. A nine-year-old boy without a student card.
C. A sixteen-year-old girl without a student card.
D. An eighteen-year-old girl with a student card.
2．Which of the following will help you find the way according to the passage
A. Asking people for help.
B. Bringing a smartphone.
C. Bringing a flashlight with a red filter.
D. Looking at the map when necessary.
3．When is better for you to arrive if you bring your own telescope
A. Before 6:00 p.m. B. At 6:30 p.m.
C. At 7:00 p.m. D. After 10:00 p.m.
4．Where can we get the latest news if there are any changes
A. From the phone. B. From the website.
C. From the email. D. From the party members.
5．The passage can be described as a ______.
A. notice B. poem C. diary D. report
本文是一篇应用文，介绍了“中国空间站猎人派对”的相关信息。
[答案]1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．A
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据文中“Anyone aged from 12 to 18 is welcome!”及“Fifty yuan each and half price for anyone with a student card.”可知，参加派对的年龄限制为12~18岁，有学生卡的人半价。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据文中“Bring a flashlight with a red filter to help you find the way.”可知，带一个有红色滤光器的手电筒可以帮助你找到路。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据文中“7:00 p. m.-10:00 p.m. on December 1st, 2024”和“We suggest that you arrive half an hour earlier to have enough time to set it up.”可知，派对的开始时间为晚上7:00，建议提前半个小时到，以便提前架好望远镜，所以晚上6：30到达现场比较好，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“If it is rainy or cloudy that night, the party will be put off. Any changes will be posted on the website.”可知，如果聚会有变化，我们可以从网站了解到最新信息，故选B。
5．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了“中国空间站猎人派对”的相关信息，属于公告类，故选A。
二
(2024大湾区二模，A)
PLAY AND LEARN Who said you can't play and learn Playful Digital （数字的） Learning （PDL） offers an educational environment that makes learning exciting through digital technologies. Here children can learn in a fun and creative way while playing. What children can learn through this program: ●Teamwork skills through learning in groups ●STEM skills taught through playing games ●History & biology knowledge learned in a fun new way ●Reading & writing skills developed through creative ways of storytelling and writing Free Classes Now we are offering some free classes online so that you can know more about us. Online classes will be on the second and fourth Saturday of every month at 3 pm. Welcome to our free classes and they can help you choose what suits （合适） you best. Signing Up PDL is for children at all skill levels. Our classes are for children aged 8-14. Parents are welcome to join as well if they like! Parents' agreement is necessary for young children under the age of 12. Hand in your information on our website to sign up!
1．What can we know about PDL according to paragraph 1
A. Its teaching technologies are the latest.
B. PDL helps children learn technologies.
C. Its environment makes children want to learn.
D. Children can lose themselves in playing in PDL.
2．What can children learn through playing games
A. STEM skills. B. Teamwork skills.
C. Reading & writing skills. D. History & biology knowledge.
3．How often can children have the free online classes
A. Twice a week. B. Four times a week.
C. Twice a month. D. Four times a month.
4．If John, a nine-year-old boy, wants to join PDL, he should ______.
A. have classes online
B. ask his parents for agreement
C. join PDL with his parents
D. hand in his information to the teachers
5．What is the purpose of this passage
A. To introduce an online class.
B. To introduce a learning program.
C. To tell children to play and learn.
D. To develop children's learning skills.
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了趣味数字化学习这一教学项目。
[答案]1．C 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B
[解析]
1．推理判断题。根据“Playful Digital Learning （PDL） offers an educational environment that makes learning exciting through digital technologies. Here children can learn in a fun and creative way while playing.”可知，趣味数字化学习提供了一个通过数字技术使学习变得令人兴奋的教育环境，孩子们可以在玩耍的同时以一种有趣而有创意的方式学习。也就是说，它的环境让孩子们想要学习，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“STEM skills taught through playing games”可知，孩子们可以通过玩游戏学习STEM技能，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Online classes will be on the second and fourth Saturday of every month at 3 pm.”可知，每个月的第二个和第四个周六下午有免费的线上课程，也就是一个月两次课，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Our classes are for children aged 8-14. Parents are welcome to join as well if they like! Parents' agreement is necessary for young children under the age of 12.”可知，12岁以下儿童需要有家长的同意，因此9岁的John想要参加趣味数字化学习，他应该征求父母的同意，故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“Playful Digital Learning （PDL） offers an educational environment that makes learning exciting through digital technologies.”可知，本文主要是为了介绍趣味数字化学习这一学习项目，故选B。
三
（2023广东,A）
When it's hot outside and we have to go out, surely we want to keep cool. We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan. Now I'll show you how to make a good DIY（Do It Yourself） paper fan. What to prepare Please prepare two pieces of paper. All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality（优质的） paper. Then get glue, two sticks, etc. How to make a DIY fan The first step is to draw pictures on the paper. Just draw anything you like. The next step is to fold up（折叠） the paper. Then glue the two pieces of folded paper together. After that, paint the sticks. The final step is to glue the sticks onto the folded paper. And everything is done. If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan. Then you can fold it up and drop it in your bag. When you are out in the heat next time, just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind.
1．Which is the best way to keep cool according to paragraph 1
A. Putting on hats. B. Using a good fan.
C. Wearing light clothing. D. Staying at a cool place.
2．Why is quality paper a good choice to make a fan
A. It is light. B. It is colorful.
C. It lasts long. D. It looks beautiful.
3．What is the second step of making a paper fan
A. Painting the sticks.
B. Drawing pictures on the paper.
C. Folding up the paper.
D. Gluing the sticks onto the folded paper.
4．From the last paragraph, we can tell that making a paper fan is ______.
A. quick B. difficult C. boring D. strange
5．What is the purpose of this passage
A. To sell paper fans. B. To show how to save time.
C. To share a fun story. D. To teach how to make paper fans.
本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了自己动手制作纸扇所需的材料和步骤等。
[答案]1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．D
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“However, nothing can beat a good fan.”可知，用一把好的扇子是保持凉爽的最好方法，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality paper.”可知，用优质的纸张制作的扇子可以用很长一段时间，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第三句“The next step is to fold up the paper.”可知，第二个步骤是把纸折叠起来，故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan.”可知，制作一个好的纸扇用时不到15分钟，说明很快，故选A。
5．写作目的题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了自制纸扇所需的材料和步骤等，所以文章的主要目的是教我们如何制作纸扇，故选D。
四
(2024中山一模，A)
Kitchen Safety Rules The kitchen is often the center of activity in many homes, but it has a lot of possible dangers. When it comes to preventing accidents in the kitchen, there is no one-size-fits-all approach. However, there are some general rules of kitchen safety that everyone, especially children should follow to ensure a safe kitchen. Preparation: Always wash your hands before and after touching food. Tie back long hair. Wear an apron （围裙） and roll up your sleeves. Cleaning: Keep the food preparation surface clean. Wash fruit and vegetables under cold water before use. ▲: Always ask an adult for permission before using knives or going near hot things. Use knives and other sharp tools with care. Don't put tools on the edge （边缘） of the work table. When using a knife, always cut away from yourself to avoid cutting yourself. Use oven mitts （手套） when taking hot dishes from the oven or microwave. Special Attention: Clean food spills （溢出） as soon as they happen. Do not run around the kitchen where food is being prepared.
1．Which of the following is suggested after touching food
A. Tie back long hair. B. Wear an apron.
C. Roll up your sleeves. D. Wash your hands.
2．You are supposed to ask for permission from your parents before you ______.
A. wear an apron B. put things into a microwave
C. fill a cup of very hot water D. wash fruit and vegetables
3．Which of the following can be filled in “▲”
A. Knives B. Hot Things C. Work Table D. Tools
4．Where might you see the poster
A. In a store selling kitchen tools.
B. On a cooking website for children.
C. On the wall of a restaurant.
D. In a cooking handbook for adults.
5．What is the purpose of this poster
A. To tell people, especially children, how to keep safe in a kitchen.
B. To train children how to use knives and sharp tools.
C. To teach people, especially children, how to make a preparation for cooking.
D. To sell kitchen tools to people, especially children.
本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了每个人，尤其是儿童，必须遵守的厨房安全守则。
[答案]1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据“Always wash your hands before and after touching food.”可知，在接触食物前后都要洗手,故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Always ask an adult for permission before using knives or going near hot things.”可知，在使用刀具或接近热的东西之前，一定要经过成年人的允许,故选C。
3．词句还原题。根据“knives”“sharp tools”和“oven mitts”可知，此处谈论的都是厨房工具,故选D。
4．文章出处题。综合全文尤其是“However, there are some general rules of kitchen safety that everyone, especially children should follow to ensure a safe kitchen.”可知，本文主要介绍一些厨房安全的规则，特别是儿童应该遵循的一些规则。据此可以推断本文很有可能源自一个儿童烹饪网站, 故选B。
5．主旨大意题。综合全文可知，本文作者主要介绍了一些厨房安全规则，希望每个人，尤其是孩子遵循规则，确保在厨房里的安全，故选A。
五
[2024山东烟台改编]
A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe（月球探测器） into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory（转移轨道）. Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.
This is the world’s first try to bring samples（样本） from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union（前苏联） and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.
The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side.
Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic（火山的） activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer.
“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering.
1．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon
A. On May 3, 2024.
B. After flying for about 37 minutes.
C. After landing on the moon’s far side.
2．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Five times.
3．According to the passage， the moon’s far side ______.
A. receives less sunlight than the near side
B. has thicker soil compared with the near side
C. can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras
4．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words
A. Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks.
B. Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world.
C. Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon.
这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了嫦娥六号的世界首次月球背面采样任务。
[答案]1．C2．A3．B4．B
[解析]
1．细节理解题。由第一段中“Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks”可知，嫦娥六号是在月球背面着陆后才开始它的任务的。故选C。
2．细节理解题。由第二段中“For China，it’s the second sample-return moon journey.”及“Up to now,10 moon sample-return tasks...were collected from the moon’s near side.”可知，中国仅有过一次从月球近侧取得样本，故选A。
3．细节理解题。由第四段中“Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side”可知B项正确，故选B。
4．推理判断题。由最后一段中Martin Sweeting教授的话可知，将此次嫦娥六号带回的月球背面样本与之前的月球近侧样本进行对比，对于整个国际社会都有宝贵的科学价值，故选B。
六
(2024惠州一模，A)
Holiday Fair （集市） of Fuhua Mall
Fuhua Mall is welcoming the summer holiday. With lights up, shop windows decorated （装饰） and music in the air, the mall is filled with holiday joy. Everyone will have a better chance to relax from work and study. That makes this weekend more interesting than usual.
This weekend, the mall will hold a holiday gift fair. It will sell handmade goods as special gifts. These handmade goods are all from primary and junior high school students in the nearby school. The manager promised to use the money he sold for making their schools better.
The market on Saturday, July 1st offers a full day of shopping, dining and festival activities for students of all ages （including adults）.
In addition to shopping and dining, special activities also include:
●Holiday DIY for students
●Holiday train ride for students
●Summer movies viewing party
●Live music all day—students' concerts and band shows...
Please note that student projects are only for students. And students under the age of 12 need at least one adult to protect them when they take part in the activities.
Tickets:
15 yuan/adult 10 yuan/junior high school student 7 yuan/primary school student
Address:
No. 58 at the Huizhou Broadway Street
Know more:
Please clickwww.fuhuamall.org/holiday.com
1．This weekend will be more interesting because ______.
A. the summer holiday is coming
B. the mall is filled with special gifts
C. everyone will have a better chance to relax
D. there will be a holiday gift fair
2．You can buy handmade goods made by ______.
A. 5-year-old Li Lei B. 50-year-old Liu Hua
C. 25-year-old Lin Mei D. 15-year-old Hu Zhen
3．At this fair, adults can ______.
①go shopping and dining
②watch summer movies
③enjoy band shows
④do holiday DIY
⑤have a holiday train ride
A. ①②③ B. ①④⑤ C. ②③⑤ D. ③④⑤
4．To join the activities, Mr. Li and his two children （aged 10 and 14） should pay ______.
A. 29 yuan B. 32 yuan C. 35 yuan D. 45 yuan
5．You can probably read this article in ______.
A. a storybook B. a newspaper C. a website D. a guidebook
本文是一篇应用文，文章主要介绍了福华商城假日集市的相关信息。
[答案]1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C
[解析]1．细节理解题。根据“Everyone will have a better chance to relax from work and study. That makes this weekend more interesting than usual.”可知，每个人都将有更好的机会从工作和学习中放松下来，这使得这个周末比平时更有意思, 故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“These handmade goods are all from primary and junior high school students in the nearby school.”可知，这些手工艺品都来自附近学校的中小学生，所以可以买到15岁的胡珍制作的手工艺品, 故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“In addition to shopping and dining...Live music all day—students' concerts and band shows”可知，成人可以购物、吃饭、看夏季电影以及欣赏乐队表演,“do holiday DIY”和“have a holiday train ride”只为学生开放，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“15 yuan/adult 10 yuan/junior high school student 7 yuan/primary school student”可知，成人是15元，初中生是10元，小学生是7元，故共需15+10+7=32, 故选B。
5．文章出处题。根据“Please click www.fuhuamall.org/holiday.com”可知，文章可能来自一个网站, 故选C。
七
(2024深圳一模，A)The 40th Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival started on January 5, 2024, in Harbin, the capital city of China's northernmost Heilongjiang province.
Harbin Ice-Snow World is a place tourists must visit. It is built on the northern bank of the Songhua River which runs through the city. Covering an area of 816,600 square meters, Harbin Ice-Snow World is an ice-and-snow park of large ice buildings. It uses ice and snow that are taken from the Songhua River to make sculptures （雕塑） such as castles （城堡） and towers. They are all lighted up by colorful lighting, which is very beautiful.
The park offers more than 20 fun activities including snowmobile racing and snow yo-yo. The number of ice slides （滑梯） in the park has increased from eight last winter to 14 this year because tourists increased a lot. The longest slide runs 521 meters, providing an exciting experience, and has become the hottest thing in the park.
“My wife and I thought about going to Thailand for a winter trip, but we were interested in the short videos that became popular online about ice-and-snow fun in Harbin. That is why we are here now,” said Sun Chengzhe, a tourist from east China's Fujian Province.
Many warm-hearted local people offered to help visitors fight off the cold. Harbin restaurant owner Yin Zhi serves 600 cups of free hot drinks daily to tourists as they travel Harbin's main street. “We would like to show visitors everything good here, such as the good food, good drinks and good scenery,” he said. “This is the special way of a northeastern local welcoming his guests.”
1．What do we know about the Harbin Ice-Snow World
A. It is a beautiful nature park. B. It has colorful ice buildings.
C. It has fewer visitors this year. D. It is far from the Songhua River.
2．How many ice slides were added in the park this year
A. 6. B. 8. C. 14. D. 20.
3．What made Sun Chengzhe and his wife go to Harbin
A. Fun activities of the park. B. Good weather in Harbin.
C. Popular streets in Harbin. D. Online videos about Harbin.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Locals are used to the cold in Harbin.
B. Food and drinks are cheap in Harbin.
C. More restaurants are opened in Harbin.
D. Tourists are warmly welcomed in Harbin.
5．In which part of a newspaper can we see this text
A. Nature. B. Travel. C. Sports. D. Science.
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了哈尔滨冰雪大世界美丽的冰雪雕塑和丰富的冰雪活动。哈尔滨冰雪大世界是冬季旅游胜地，游客众多，当地人热情好客。
[答案]1．B 2．A 3．D 4．D 5．B
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据“...Harbin Ice-Snow World is an ice-and-snow park of large ice buildings. It uses ice and snow that are taken from the Songhua River to make sculptures such as castles and towers. They are all lighted up by colorful lighting, which is very beautiful.”可知，它有五颜六色的冰雕建筑, 故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The number of ice slides in the park has increased from eight last winter to 14 this year because tourists increased a lot.”可知，冰滑梯的数量由八个增加到十四个，所以增加了六个，故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“My wife and I thought about going to Thailand for a winter trip, but we were interested in the short videos that became popular online about ice-and-snow fun in Harbin. That is why we are here now”可知，是因为在网上走红的关于哈尔滨冰雪乐趣的短视频吸引了他们，故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据“Many warm-hearted local people offered to help visitors fight off the cold.”及下文可知，许多热心的当地人主动帮助游客抵御寒冷，可推知游客们在哈尔滨受到热烈欢迎，故选D。
5．文章出处题。本文介绍了哈尔滨冰雪大世界美丽的冰雪雕塑和丰富的冰雪活动。哈尔滨冰雪大世界是冬季旅游胜地，游客众多，当地人热情好客。本文与“旅行”有关，故选B。
八
(2024广东模拟，B)Do you ever feel like there's not enough time in the day Time seems to get away from you, and it is impossible to finish all the things. But when you walk outside into the countryside, everything suddenly seems slower and more relaxing. You feel like you have more time. In fact, new research shows nature can control our sense of time.
Richardo Correia, a researcher at the University of Helsinki, found that when we stay in nature, we may feel different about time. We often get a sense of time abundance （充裕）. Correia compared people's experiences of time when they do different kinds of tasks in cities and then in nature. It showed that people felt the time was greatly expanded when they were in nature. Although they do the same thing in cities, they feel time is much shorter. For example, a walk through the countryside felt longer than a city walk of the same distance （距离）.
Our sense of time can be changed in the natural world, and our sense of the past and future also seem different. Earlier research shows that we can move our attention from the present to the future if we spend more time in nature. So instead of worrying about the stress of our time, we can stay in nature to see the bigger picture. It can help us find out the most important things at present. If we often stay in nature, we will become more relaxed and think more clearly. As a result, we can make wiser decisions to achieve our dreams.
1．How might you feel when you walk in the countryside
A. Everything stays the same. B. Time is running away from you.
C. There are fewer hours in the day. D. Things seem to go more slowly.
2．In what way did Correia make the research
A. By doing online surveys. B. By interviewing students.
C. By comparing experiences. D. By reading earlier studies.
3．What does the underlined word “expanded” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Broken. B. Stolen. C. Wasted. D. Increased.
4．Why should we spend more time in nature according to the writer
A. Because it helps us change the past.
B. Because it makes us think clearly.
C. Because it helps us have more time.
D. Because it makes us become healthier.
5．What is the passage mainly about
A. How nature changes our sense of time.
B. Where time has gone.
C. When we should get close to nature.
D. What time brings us.
本文是一篇说明文。调查发现当我们待在大自然中时，我们可能会对时间有不同的感觉，对过去和未来的感觉也不一样。在大自然中，我们经常会有一种时间充裕的感觉，人会变得更令人放松，思路更清晰。
[答案]1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A
[解析]1．细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“But when you walk outside into the countryside, everything suddenly seems slower and more relaxing.”可知，当你走到外面的乡村，一切似乎突然变得更慢、更令人放松。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“Correia compared people's experiences of time when they do different kinds of tasks in cities and then in nature.”可知，科雷亚是通过比较了人们在城市和自然界中完成不同任务时的时间体验来做调查的，故选C。
3．词义猜测题。根据第二段前两句中的“...when we stay in nature, we may feel different about time. We often get a sense of time abundance.”可知，当我们待在大自然中时，我们常常有一种时间充裕的感觉，即时间增加了。选项D“increase”意为“增加”，和expand意思接近，故选D。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句话“If we often stay in nature, we will become more relaxed and think more clearly. As a result, we can make wiser decisions to achieve our dreams.”可知，如果我们经常待在大自然中，我们会变得更加放松，思维更加清晰。因此，我们可以作出更明智的决定来实现我们的梦想。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要告诉我们当我们待在大自然中时，我们可能会对时间有不同的感觉，对过去和未来的感觉也不一样。选项A“大自然如何改变我们的时间知觉”符合文章大意，故选A。
九
(2024广东一模，B)Yunjin （云锦） is a beautiful brocade （织锦） made in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Yun in Chinese means “clouds” and jin means “brocade”. The materials used in yunjin are valuable, such as silk, gold and silver, resulting in its high collecting value.
Yunjin, with a history of over 1,600 years, has the best quality among all the brocades in China. It stands for the finest Chinese silk cloth. The brocade comes out from a traditional wooden loom （织布机） as big as 5.6 meters long, 1.4 meters wide and 4 meters high. The huge loom needs two people to work, one above and one below. The process （过程） is so long and complex that a brocade with a length of 5 to 6 centimeters takes two people all day to make and the production cannot be replaced with modern machines. Its pictures are large in shape and the use of gold and silver makes them rich and shining. In ancient times, yunjin served as materials for the royal family's clothes and to beautify their palaces. It was also used as gifts for important foreign guests.
With the development of technology and changes in people's lifestyle, young people have less interest in traditional arts which require a long time of learning and practicing. To pass down the skills of yunjin, the Chinese government set up the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957, which has helped spread the culture of brocade and built a cultural bridge between China and the world.
1．Why does yunjin have a high collecting value
A. Because it has a long history.
B. Because it has the best quality.
C. Because it is made of valuable materials.
D. Because it is made of huge wooden looms.
2．What does the underlined word “complex” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Common. B. Difficult. C. Different. D. Expensive.
3．The Chinese government set up Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute to ______.
A. pass down the skills of yunjin B. develop ways to make yunjin
C. help young people make yunjin D. change traditional skills of yunjin
4．What do you learn about yunjin from the passage
A. It takes 5 to 6 days to make.
B. It interests more people to learn it.
C. It has large, rich and shining pictures.
D. It can be made by modern machines.
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A. The First Invention in Chinese History
B. The Biggest Change in Chinese History
C. The Latest Material of Chinese Silk Cloth
D. The Greatest Symbol of Chinese Silk Cloth
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国云锦的历史、制作过程以及它在中国文化中的价值和传承。
[答案]1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据“The materials used in yunjin are valuable, such as silk, gold and silver, resulting in its high collecting value.”可知，云锦所用材料很珍贵，如丝绸、金、银等，所以收藏价值高。故选C。
2．词义猜测题。根据“The process is so long and complex that a brocade with a length of 5 to 6 centimeters takes two people all day to make and the production cannot be replaced with modern machines.”可知，一段5到6厘米长的织锦需要两个人一整天的时间才能制作完成，说明过程耗时长且困难，“difficult”与“complex”的意思接近，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据“To pass down the skills of yunjin, the Chinese government set up the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957”可知，是为了传承云锦技艺，故选A。
4．细节理解题。文章中并未提及制作云锦的时间，只提到制作5至6厘米的织锦需花费两人一天时间，选项A错误；根据第三段第一句“...young people have less interest in traditional arts...”可知，年轻人对传统艺术不感兴趣，从而不愿意学，选项B错误； 根据“Its pictures are large in shape and the use of gold and silver makes them rich and shining.”可知，云锦有着形状很大，丰富而闪亮的图画，选项C正确。根据第二段第五句“...the production cannot be replaced with modern machines.”可知，云锦的生产不能由现代机器代替，选项D错误。故选C。
5．最佳标题。根据“Yunjin, with a history of over 1,600 years, has the best quality among all the brocades in China. It stands for the finest Chinese silk cloth.”及全文其他内容可知，本文主要介绍了云锦，它代表着中国最好的丝绸布料。所以D选项 “中国丝绸织物中最杰出的代表” 符合文意，故选D。
十
[2024长沙模拟]B
Prince Nallamothula is a fourteen-year-old inventor. He built a model of a robot that allows people to do farm work remotely（远程）.
When Prince was a young boy, he didn’t share the same interest as others. He didn’t have many toys at home and seldom played computer games. However, he was interested in playing with blocks to build things whenever he could.
One day, Prince’s mom said that there was not enough space in their apartment to grow all her plants, so he started thinking about ways to solve the problem. Then an idea came up, “What if we plant them in a different place from where we live ”
Prince spent about two to three months building his robot. Before drawing the designs, he had to search for a great deal of information on the Internet. In order to build the robot successfully, he went to the market to buy necessary parts. The robot had everything to help it move around. The last step is doing all the coding（编程） to get the robot to be useful and not just a model. His robot was named Gr-Robot. It had a camera for live video and a basket to plant seeds. It could decide whether to open the sprinkler（喷洒器） according to the soil conditions（土壤情况）. All of these will help farmers do farm work and even some difficult work.
Besides this robot, Prince had also invented a game and apps. When asked about the secret to his achievements, he replied, “Seeing people’s life getting better because of my inventions makes me feel great. I’ll do what I can to solve more people’s problems. And the world may be different with my help.”
1．What is special about Prince’s invention
A. It’s made of building blocks.
B. It’s controlled by a computer game.
C. It allows people to do farm work remotely.
2．Why did Prince invent the robot according to Paragraph 3
A. To solve the problem of their apartment.
B. To meet his mom’s need to grow all her plants.
C. To show the possibility of building things with blocks.
3．Which of the following steps are included in making Prince’s robot
①Writing codes for the robot.
②Drawing the designs for the robot.
③Shooting live video with a camera.
④Searching for information on the Internet.
⑤Going to the market to buy necessary parts.
A. ①②④⑤ B. ①②③⑤ C. ②③④⑤
4．What can be inferred（推断） from the last paragraph
A. Hard work is the secret to success.
B. Working together makes a difference.
C. Happiness may be found by helping others.
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了小发明家普林斯受到妈妈生活中所遇问题的启发，发明了能帮助人们远程干农活的机器人的故事。
[答案]1．C2．B3．A4．C
[解析]
4．细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“He built a model of a robot that allows people to do farm work remotely.”可知，选C。
5．推理判断题。结合第三段内容可知，一天，普林斯的妈妈说，他们的公寓里没有足够的空间来种植她的所有植物，所以普林斯开始思考解决这个问题的方法，而后有了一个新想法。因此普林斯发明机器人的目的是满足妈妈种植所有植物的需要。故选B。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知，②和④正确；由第四段第三句可知，⑤正确；由第四段第五句可知，①正确。所以普林斯制作机器人的步骤包括①②④⑤。故选A。
7．推理判断题。根据最后一段中普林斯的话“Seeing people’s life getting better because of my inventions makes me feel great. I’ll do what I can to solve more people’s problems. And the world may be different with my help.”可知，帮助别人可以感到快乐。故选C。
十一
（2024江西，B）
Ed was a professional football player, but in 2017 he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn't move his body from the shoulders down.
Doctors told him that he'd probably never walk again, but Ed didn't want to believe this. He had recently got engaged（订婚） to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He spent six days staring at his toes（脚趾） and trying to make them move—and, finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey.
While in hospital, Ed met Paul, a man in his late thirties. Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again, but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick.
Only a year after his accident, Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements.
Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848.86 meters, the height of the world's highest mountain, by going up and down his parents' stairs 2,783 times. When he finished, he told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was “painful” and “boring”. He also raised ￡46,000 for charity.
Ed hopes his story can help people. That's why he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”.
1．Who did Ed want to get better mainly for
A. His parents. B. His doctor. C. His friend. D. His wife.
2．What is Ed like according to Paragraph 3
A. Brave. B. Helpful.
C. Honest. D. Hard-working.
3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. Raising money. B. Doing new movements.
C. Visiting parents. D. Going up and down stairs.
4．Put the events about Ed into the correct order according to the passage.
a.Ed started M2M.
b.Ed succeeded in making his toes move.
c.Ed had an accident in a swimming pool.
d.Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales.
e.Ed climbed his parents' stairs 2,783 times.
A. c-e-b-d-a B. c-b-d-e-a C. e-a-b-d-c D. e-b-d-c-a
5．What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Football Player B. A Challenge Lover
C. A Charity Worker D. A Mountain Climber
本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了足球运动员Ed在一次事故后瘫痪，但他凭借坚强的意志努力挑战自己，并创立慈善机构M2M，鼓励那些“在生活中面临挑战的人”的故事。
[答案]1．D 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．B
[解析]
1．细节理解题。由第二段第二句“He had recently got engaged to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better.”可知，Ed想要康复主要是因为他的妻子。故选D。
2．细节理解题。由第三段中“...Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick.”可知，Ed是一个乐于助人的人。故选B。
3．指代判断题。由下文“it sometimes was ‘painful’ and ‘boring’”可知，此处it指代的是一件事；由此词汇向前搜索，找最近的事，为“going up and down his parents' stairs 2,783 times”。由此可知，it指上下楼梯这件事。故答案为D。
4．事件排序题。由第一段可知首先是Ed在游泳池出事故；由第二段可知，Ed成功地使他的脚趾动了起来；由第四段第一句可知，Ed爬上了威尔士最高的山；由第五段第一句可知，Ed 爬他父母的楼梯2783次；由最后一段可知，Ed创立M2M慈善机构。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要叙述了足球运动员Ed在一次事故后瘫痪，但他凭借坚强的意志努力挑战自己，并创立慈善机构M2M，鼓励那些“在生活中面临挑战的人”的故事。B项“挑战爱好者”能概括本文内容。故选B。
十二
（2023湖北武汉，B）
Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.
★. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails（凤蝶）. One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract（吸引） swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flower.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world's swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school.
Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They develop a new appreciation for them,” he said.
Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.
1．After Bert was honored with Young Heroes, ______.
A. he often gave speeches in public
B. he set up his “green” project
C. he became interested in swallowtails
D. he went on protecting insects
2．Which of the following can be put in ★？
A. Bert saved many swallowtails B. Bert had a dull childhood
C. Bert found his love early in life D. Bert made a hard decision
3．The underlined word “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “______”.
A. dangerous to feed B. easy to get close to
C. hard to raise D. safe to reach
4．The main reason for Bert to create a zinnia garden at school was______.
A. to watch students have fun
B. to make his school more beautiful
C. to stop swallowtails from disappearing
D. to help kids learn about swallowtails
5．What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Bright Flower B. A Flying Project
C. A Green Garden D. A Warning Action
本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bert喜爱并保护凤蝶的故事。
[答案]1．D 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．B
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.”可知，在获奖后，Bert对昆虫的喜爱更深了，并继续保护它们。故选D。
2．推理判断题。根据下文“When he was around 4 or 5...”可知，Bert大约四五岁的时候就喜欢观察昆虫，C项“Bert found his love early in life. （Bert很小就找到了自己的爱好。）”符合语境。故选C。
3．词义猜测题。下文的例子“...if you wanted to attract swallowtails, you planted some zinnias...”是对上文中的“that they were very accessible”进行补充说明，由此可知凤蝶是“容易接近的”。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students...”可知，他在学校建立zinnia garden主要是为了帮助同学们了解凤蝶，故选D。
5．标题归纳题。文章主要讲述了Bert为了保护凤蝶所做的努力。最后一段作为总结句，再次点题，“made it take flight”中it指代project，而take flight意为“起飞”，既展望了这个项目的未来，又与凤蝶相联系，所以B项“A Flying Project”适合作为本文标题。故选B。
十三
（2024东莞一模，B）
A lot of animals travel from one place to another. We call this migration（迁徙）.
In Africa, large animals, like elephants and zebras, migrate to find food and water. They usually follow the same ways every year.
A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather, too. They are usually birds that eat insects. They spend the summer in northern Europe, because there are lots of insects there. In winter there aren't any insects, so the birds fly south to southern Europe and Africa.
Arctic terns（北极燕鸥） travel the furthest when they migrate. They spend the summer in the Arctic, but when winter comes they fly to the Antarctic, because it's summer there. The next year they fly back to the Arctic again. In one year these small birds travel 90,000 km from one end of the earth to the other and back again. Nobody knows how they do it.
Some fish migrate to breed. Salmon（鲑鱼） can swim over 20,000 km in their life. They are born in rivers in Ireland, Scotland and other places in northern Europe. The young fish swim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean. They live in the ocean until they are grown-ups. Then they return to the river where they were born. They lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die. Salmon do this, because their eggs are safer in the river. Other fish can't eat them.
1．According to the passage, many birds fly to Africa in winter to find ______.
A. partners B. water C. land D. food
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Arctic terns
A. They live in the Antarctic all year.
B. They migrate to find food.
C. They travel further than the salmon.
D. They are big birds.
3．The underlined word “breed” probably means “______”.
A. produce babies B. look for food
C. live longer D. avoid winter
4．Where do the young salmon live according to the text
A. In the rivers in Ireland. B. In the Atlantic Ocean.
C. In the river where they were born. D. In the sea in Scotland.
5．The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. the migration of animals B. the time of migration
C. the direction of migration D. the result of migration
本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了几种动物迁徙的现象和原因。
[答案]1．D 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．A
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据文章第三段第一句中的“A lot of birds migrate to find food”可知，许多鸟类冬季迁徙到非洲是为了觅食，故选D。
2．细节理解题。A 项错误，北极燕鸥是在南北两极居住；B 项错误，它们迁徙是因为气候；C 项正确，对比它们迁徙的千米数可得出；D 项错误，文章提到它们是小鸟。故选C。
3．词义猜测题。根据下文“They are born in rivers in Ireland...The young fish swim down...They lay their eggs in the river...”可知，鲑鱼迁徙是为了繁衍后代，故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“The young fish swim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean. They live in the ocean until they are grown-ups.”可知，幼年鲑鱼生活在大西洋，故选B。
5．主旨大意题。文章的第一段概括了文章的主旨，重点讲的是动物的迁徙及迁徙的原因，故选A。
十四
[2024长沙长郡三模]C
The term “social phobia（社交恐惧症）” seems to have gained popularity these days. Young people in particular are describing themselves as having social phobia. They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s not easy for them to make new friends or socialize. But is this “real” social phobia
In fact, this is just a reaction to certain social situations. US researcher Ty Tashiro wrote the book Awkward: The Science of Why We’re Socially Awkward and Why That’s Awesome. He explains that some people don’t “read” social situations correctly and therefore end up feeling uncomfortable. For example, they might be afraid of breaking some unspoken rules. Therefore, they start to act awkwardly（笨拙地） because they don’t want this to happen. This might make them unwilling to socialize. They prefer to stay home instead of going out to meet new people, but this doesn’t mean they have social phobia.
“Real” social phobia—also known as social anxiety disorder—is much more serious. People with social phobia want to go out and interact（互动） with others but are so terrified of doing it that they cannot leave their homes. Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal way. People with social anxiety disorder can even experience panic attacks（惊恐发作） because of the mental illness.
Fortunately, social anxiety disorder can be treated. Some people use self-help books to help them gain more control over their minds. Therapy（心理治疗） can also help.
8．What does Paragraph 1 say about some young people
A. They find it hard to socialize.
B. They don’t like making friends.
C. Social phobia makes them more popular.
9．What does Tashiro think of these young people
A. They are suffering from social phobia.
B. They should avoid uncomfortable situations.
C. They sometimes misunderstand social situations.
10．What does the underlined word “mental” mean in Paragraph 3
A. 身体的 B. 精神的 C. 社会的
11．What does the article try to explain
A. Who has social phobia.
B. Why people have social phobia.
C. What real social phobia is like.
本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了社交恐惧症。
[答案]1．A2．C3．B4．C
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据第一段的“Young people in particular are describing themselves as having social phobia. They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s not easy for them to make new friends or socialize.”可知，一些年轻人觉得对他们来说，结交新朋友或社交不容易。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段第三句“He explains that some people don’t ‘read’ social situations correctly and therefore end up feeling uncomfortable.”可知，有些人没有正确地“解读”社交场合，因此最终会感到不舒服。故选C。
3．词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal way. People with social anxiety disorder can even experience panic attacks because of the mental illness.”可知，社交恐惧症患者的大脑不允许他们以正常的方式与他人互动，由于这种精神疾病，他们甚至会经历恐慌发作。故推测画线单词表示“精神的”。故选B。
4主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者由年轻人喜欢用的“社交恐惧症”一词引入，告诉我们年轻人不爱结交朋友或社交并不是真正的社交恐惧症，并阐述了什么是真正的社交恐惧症。故选C。
十五
[2024长沙二模]B
There are more than 72 million deaf people around the world and sign language serves as an important way of communication for them. And their family members and friends can also use sign language to communicate better with them. It’s reported that almost every country has its own unique（独特的） sign language, and some countries even have multiple（多种多样的） sign languages. In fact, there are over 300 different sign languages worldwide. Also, there’s an international sign language that deaf people use when communicating with people from other countries.
These amazing sign languages are important to the deaf, so there’s a festival about sign language. The International Day of Sign Languages falls on September 23rd. In 2017, the World Federation of the Deaf（世界聋人联合会） put forward the idea of celebrating the International Day of Sign Languages to let people learn more about sign language and deaf culture. And on September 23rd, 2018, the first International Day of Sign Languages took place. Each year, the event has a different theme, such as “With Sign Language, Everyone is Included!” in 2018 and “Sign Languages Unite Us!” in 2022.
There are several meaningful ways to celebrate the International Day of Sign Languages. The best way is to learn a sign language. There are many excellent online resources available for this purpose. Another way is to improve the understanding of sign languages because many people are not familiar with them. Sharing information about sign languages can help increase understanding. Organizing special events is also a great way to celebrate. These events not only promote awareness（增强意识） of sign language but also help in raising money.
1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A. Only deaf people use sign language.
B. 72 million people use the international sign language.
C. There are more than 300 sign languages worldwide.
2．When did people celebrate the first International Day of Sign Languages
A. In 2017. B. In 2018. C. In 2022.
3．What do the underlined words “this purpose” in Paragraph 3 refer to（指代）
A. Learning a sign language.
B. Improving the understanding of sign languages.
C. Celebrating the International Day of Sign Languages.
4．What might be the best title for this passage
A. Meaningless Sign Languages
B. Uncommon Sign Languages
C. The International Day of Sign Languages
本文是一篇说明文,主要介绍了国际手语日。
[答案]1．C2．B3．A4．C
[解析]
1．细节理解题。根据第一段倒数第二句“In fact, there are over 300 different sign languages worldwide.”可知，有300多种不同的手语，故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“And on September 23rd, 2018, the first International Day of Sign Languages took place.”可知，第一次庆祝是在2018年，故选B。
3．推理判断题。根据画线部分所在句及其前一句“The best way is to learn a sign language. There are many excellent online resources available for this purpose.”可推测出，“这个目的”指的是学习一种手语。故选A。
4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了国际手语日，故选C。
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21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)细节理解解题技巧
细节理解题主要考查对文章(或某一段落)中某特定事实信息的捕捉和理解能力，通常包括直接细节理解题和间接细节理解题。直接细节理解题在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who， what，when，where，why和how等提问。说明文和叙述文的阅读题有相当一部分是此类题。间接细节理解题需要通过有关词语和句子的转换，依靠主要事实、图表、图形来获取信息，然后利用因果、类比、时间、空间等关系进行加工或整理后方能得出结论，此类试题在中考试题中占大多数。抓住文章或段落中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键，也是做好其他类型题的基础。常见的技巧方法一般有如下几类：
方法1：线索句定位法
所谓线索句，就是为我们提供正确答案的线索，对线索句的精准定位，是阅读高分的秘诀。
首先，英语阅读的试题顺序往往对应着段落顺序，按照出题顺序，依次往下找，就能迅速定位到段落；其次，定位到段后，粗略对比，迅速找到与试题所给句子中单词/短语重复较多的目标句；最后，将目标句与试题选项的句子仔细比对，找出区别，逐个排除错误项，定位答案。
典例题分析
To hold a pajama party, the host will usually plan some fun activities such as watching movies and playing board games and video games. He or she should also prepare some delicious snacks and fun food like pizza. Guests at a pajama party should bring their own pajamas, toothbrushes, pillows and blankets. But if they forget something, they don't need to worry because the host will give them what they need.
If a pajama party is mainly for fun, a prom is no doubt a very important thing in most American schools. A prom is a formal dance party that is held at a high school. The party is usually held near the end of the senior year, the last year of high school, so it is often called graduation (毕业) dance. Students should wear formal clothes at the prom...
2. The students ______ at a prom.
A. wear formal clothes B. wear pajama C. play fun games D. are all surprised
方法2：语意转换法
Fifty-seven years ago Barbie Millicent Roberts first came out in the world of toys. Since then, Barbie doll, as everyone called her, has become the most famous toy doll in history. Her parent, the Mattel Company, said that 90% of all American girls between 3 and 10 have at least one Barbie at home.
However, Barbie is facing some trouble at present. There are many dolls on the market in competition with her. Another doll named Bratz, for example, came to life seventeen years ago. She looks more like today's pop stars with heavy makeup (浓妆) and miniskirts.
Barbie's trouble is that ______.
A. it wears heavy makeup and miniskirts
B. other dolls are more popular with girls
C. other dolls are trying to beat her in the market
D. it is more expensive than the other dolls
方法3：选项内容转换法（选项是原文的同义转述）
There are millions of recipes (菜谱) hidden in the boxes and hearts of grandmothers and parents. ...
“I realized I couldn’t go home every weekend for my mom’s delicious dishes,” says Shreya,who is about to enter university. Shreya has recently started following her mother around the kitchen,taking notes on how to make her “masala chai”and tasty kachoris.
问：Why does Shreya follow her mother around the kitchen
A. To clean up the kitchen. B. To note down recipes.
C. To prepare family dinners. D. To talk about family rules.
方法4.题干信息转换法（题干关键词是原文的同义转述）
Do you know that over 1/3 of all food produced in the world goes to waste According to the United Nations（UN）, every year around the world, about one billion（十亿)）tons of food is wasted. At the same time, there are nearly one billion people who go hungry.Simply 1/4 of the food wasted is enough to keep them out of hunger.In addition, the wasted food produces over three billion tons of carbon dioxide （CO2）, which speeds up climate （气候）change. What can we do to solve this food waste problem
问：According to the passage，what is a possible result of food waste？
A. The problem of worldwide hunger. B. A big increase in food production.
C. The speed-up of climate change. D. A sudden drop in population.
方法5：逻辑顺序厘清法
逻辑顺序厘清法，就是根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件发生、发展的正确顺序。主要考查学生对文章细节中事物发展顺序的理解能力。
While at the beach this afternoon, I met a boy called Bob. We talked a lot. He said that it was fun playing on the cliffs(悬崖). I told him that I was not allowed to go near that place (Mum and Dad had always told me it was dangerous to play there). He called me a coward. I wanted to prove to him that I was just as brave as him, so I agreed to go with him.
We wanted to make our way down to explore(探索) the area. So Bob started to climb down and I followed him. Unluckily, some rocks came down after us. One of them nearly hit my head. We could not get back up. We shouted and shouted for help, but for a long time no help came. I was really scared. I wanted to cry. Then, we heard some sounds. Someone had heard us. A woman tied a rope around herself while a man at the cliff top held the rope. She made her way down to save us.
My parents were relieved(宽慰的) that I wasn't hurt, but they were angry that I had done such a dangerous thing. I apologized and promised that I would not do anything like that again.
In what order did the events happen
a. Some rocks came down.
b. The writer followed Bob.
c. The writer wanted to cry.
d. A man and a woman saved them.
e. The writer and Bob heard some sounds.
A. a-b-c-d-e B. b-a-c-e-d C. a-c-b-e d D. b-c-a-e-d
方法6 数字计算法
Shared chargers (共享充电宝) have already appeared at 37 sites in Xi'an. People in Xi'an can find them in places like restaurants and shopping malls.
How to enjoy the special service That's easy! Users can scan a QR code (扫描二维码) on a machine to rent one of the chargers. Of course, before using, users need to pay a deposit (押金) of 100 yuan. But if a user's Alipay-based Zhima credit score is over 600, he or she doesn't have to pay a deposit. The chargers are free to use for the first hour, and will cost 1 yuan per hour after that. You can spend at most 10 yuan a day. So don't worry about the cost!

Jim used a shared charger for 3 hours for the first time and he should pay ______ for it.
A.1 yuan B.2 yuan C.3 yuan D.10 yuan
一
（2024广东模拟，A）
CSS Hunter Party 7:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m. on December 1st, 2024 50 persons only If you are interested in science, you can join CSS （China Space Station） Hunter Party. Anyone aged from 12 to 18 is welcome! You can make friends with someone with the same hobby. You can also talk with astronauts online and have a space class. Fifty yuan each and half price for anyone with a student card. ADVICE FOR THE PARTY ●Temperature drops after the sun goes down. As a result, be sure to take warm clothes. ●Bring a flashlight with a red filter（滤光器） to help you find the way. Please avoid shining your light out onto the field when you enter. It's polite to point the light down in front of you. ●Telescopes （望远镜） will be set up to view CSS. If you already have a telescope, feel free to bring it along. We suggest that you arrive half an hour earlier to have enough time to set it up. Please send messages to us before November 24th. You can call us at 075-88769 or send us an email to CSS-Hunter@party.com for more information. If it is rainy or cloudy that night, the party will be put off. Any changes will be posted on the website.
1．Who has a chance to get a half-price ticket
A. A ten-year-old boy with a student card.
B. A nine-year-old boy without a student card.
C. A sixteen-year-old girl without a student card.
D. An eighteen-year-old girl with a student card.
2．Which of the following will help you find the way according to the passage
A. Asking people for help.
B. Bringing a smartphone.
C. Bringing a flashlight with a red filter.
D. Looking at the map when necessary.
3．When is better for you to arrive if you bring your own telescope
A. Before 6:00 p.m. B. At 6:30 p.m.
C. At 7:00 p.m. D. After 10:00 p.m.
4．Where can we get the latest news if there are any changes
A. From the phone. B. From the website.
C. From the email. D. From the party members.
5．The passage can be described as a ______.
A. notice B. poem C. diary D. report
二
(2024大湾区二模，A)
PLAY AND LEARN Who said you can't play and learn Playful Digital （数字的） Learning （PDL） offers an educational environment that makes learning exciting through digital technologies. Here children can learn in a fun and creative way while playing. What children can learn through this program: ●Teamwork skills through learning in groups ●STEM skills taught through playing games ●History & biology knowledge learned in a fun new way ●Reading & writing skills developed through creative ways of storytelling and writing Free Classes Now we are offering some free classes online so that you can know more about us. Online classes will be on the second and fourth Saturday of every month at 3 pm. Welcome to our free classes and they can help you choose what suits （合适） you best. Signing Up PDL is for children at all skill levels. Our classes are for children aged 8-14. Parents are welcome to join as well if they like! Parents' agreement is necessary for young children under the age of 12. Hand in your information on our website to sign up!
1．What can we know about PDL according to paragraph 1
A. Its teaching technologies are the latest.
B. PDL helps children learn technologies.
C. Its environment makes children want to learn.
D. Children can lose themselves in playing in PDL.
2．What can children learn through playing games
A. STEM skills. B. Teamwork skills.
C. Reading & writing skills. D. History & biology knowledge.
3．How often can children have the free online classes
A. Twice a week. B. Four times a week.
C. Twice a month. D. Four times a month.
4．If John, a nine-year-old boy, wants to join PDL, he should ______.
A. have classes online
B. ask his parents for agreement
C. join PDL with his parents
D. hand in his information to the teachers
5．What is the purpose of this passage
A. To introduce an online class.
B. To introduce a learning program.
C. To tell children to play and learn.
D. To develop children's learning skills.
三
（2023广东,A）
When it's hot outside and we have to go out, surely we want to keep cool. We can put on hats, wear light clothing, or stay at a cool place. However, nothing can beat a good fan. Now I'll show you how to make a good DIY（Do It Yourself） paper fan. What to prepare Please prepare two pieces of paper. All paper will work, but your DIY fan can be used for a long time with quality（优质的） paper. Then get glue, two sticks, etc. How to make a DIY fan The first step is to draw pictures on the paper. Just draw anything you like. The next step is to fold up（折叠） the paper. Then glue the two pieces of folded paper together. After that, paint the sticks. The final step is to glue the sticks onto the folded paper. And everything is done. If you look at your watch, you will be surprised: it takes less than 15 minutes to make a good paper fan. Then you can fold it up and drop it in your bag. When you are out in the heat next time, just take it out and enjoy the gentle wind.
1．Which is the best way to keep cool according to paragraph 1
A. Putting on hats. B. Using a good fan.
C. Wearing light clothing. D. Staying at a cool place.
2．Why is quality paper a good choice to make a fan
A. It is light. B. It is colorful.
C. It lasts long. D. It looks beautiful.
3．What is the second step of making a paper fan
A. Painting the sticks.
B. Drawing pictures on the paper.
C. Folding up the paper.
D. Gluing the sticks onto the folded paper.
4．From the last paragraph, we can tell that making a paper fan is ______.
A. quick B. difficult C. boring D. strange
5．What is the purpose of this passage
A. To sell paper fans. B. To show how to save time.
C. To share a fun story. D. To teach how to make paper fans.
四
(2024中山一模，A)
Kitchen Safety Rules The kitchen is often the center of activity in many homes, but it has a lot of possible dangers. When it comes to preventing accidents in the kitchen, there is no one-size-fits-all approach. However, there are some general rules of kitchen safety that everyone, especially children should follow to ensure a safe kitchen. Preparation: Always wash your hands before and after touching food. Tie back long hair. Wear an apron （围裙） and roll up your sleeves. Cleaning: Keep the food preparation surface clean. Wash fruit and vegetables under cold water before use. ▲: Always ask an adult for permission before using knives or going near hot things. Use knives and other sharp tools with care. Don't put tools on the edge （边缘） of the work table. When using a knife, always cut away from yourself to avoid cutting yourself. Use oven mitts （手套） when taking hot dishes from the oven or microwave. Special Attention: Clean food spills （溢出） as soon as they happen. Do not run around the kitchen where food is being prepared.
1．Which of the following is suggested after touching food
A. Tie back long hair. B. Wear an apron.
C. Roll up your sleeves. D. Wash your hands.
2．You are supposed to ask for permission from your parents before you ______.
A. wear an apron B. put things into a microwave
C. fill a cup of very hot water D. wash fruit and vegetables
3．Which of the following can be filled in “▲”
A. Knives B. Hot Things C. Work Table D. Tools
4．Where might you see the poster
A. In a store selling kitchen tools.
B. On a cooking website for children.
C. On the wall of a restaurant.
D. In a cooking handbook for adults.
5．What is the purpose of this poster
A. To tell people, especially children, how to keep safe in a kitchen.
B. To train children how to use knives and sharp tools.
C. To teach people, especially children, how to make a preparation for cooking.
D. To sell kitchen tools to people, especially children.
五
[2024山东烟台改编]
A Long March 5 rocket took off from the Wenchang Space Launch Site in Hainan province on May 3, 2024. After flying for about 37 minutes, it successfully placed the Chang’e 6 robotic lunar probe（月球探测器） into an Earth-moon transfer trajectory（转移轨道）. Several days later the probe was programmed to land on the moon’s far side and started its tasks, which would last about 53 days.
This is the world’s first try to bring samples（样本） from the moon’s far side. For China, it’s the second sample-return moon journey. Chang’e 5 successfully brought samples from the moon in the winter of 2020. Up to now, 10 moon sample-return tasks have been carried out by the United States, the former Soviet Union（前苏联） and China, but all these samples were collected from the moon’s near side.
The moon’s far side has always been a subject of scientific wonder because of its many mysteries. It’s facing away from Earth and it can never be seen from Earth. It was once called the “dark side of the moon” even though it receives just as much sunlight as the near side.
Chinese researchers have found that the soil on the far side is much thicker than that on the near side, but they haven’t found out the reason. Samples brought back by Chang’e 5 have helped scientists find that there were volcanic（火山的） activities on the near side around 2 billion years ago. Some scientists thought maybe volcanoes became inactive on the far side about 4 billion years ago. Is it true Samples from the far side will allow them to know the answer.
“Comparing the make-up of the far side samples from Chang’e 6 with those collected from the near side will be of great scientific value to the international community,” said Martin Sweeting, a famous professor of space engineering.
1．When did Chang’e 6 begin to work on the moon
A. On May 3, 2024.
B. After flying for about 37 minutes.
C. After landing on the moon’s far side.
2．How many times has China got samples from the moon’s near side
A. Once. B. Twice. C. Five times.
3．According to the passage， the moon’s far side ______.
A. receives less sunlight than the near side
B. has thicker soil compared with the near side
C. can be seen from Earth with powerful cameras
4．What can we learn from Martin Sweeting’s words
A. Chang’e 6 will stay longer on the moon for more tasks.
B. Chang’e 6 is carrying out a valuable task for the world.
C. Chang’e 6 will bring samples from both sides of the moon.
六
(2024惠州一模，A)
Holiday Fair （集市） of Fuhua Mall
Fuhua Mall is welcoming the summer holiday. With lights up, shop windows decorated （装饰） and music in the air, the mall is filled with holiday joy. Everyone will have a better chance to relax from work and study. That makes this weekend more interesting than usual.
This weekend, the mall will hold a holiday gift fair. It will sell handmade goods as special gifts. These handmade goods are all from primary and junior high school students in the nearby school. The manager promised to use the money he sold for making their schools better.
The market on Saturday, July 1st offers a full day of shopping, dining and festival activities for students of all ages （including adults）.
In addition to shopping and dining, special activities also include:
●Holiday DIY for students
●Holiday train ride for students
●Summer movies viewing party
●Live music all day—students' concerts and band shows...
Please note that student projects are only for students. And students under the age of 12 need at least one adult to protect them when they take part in the activities.
Tickets:
15 yuan/adult 10 yuan/junior high school student 7 yuan/primary school student
Address:
No. 58 at the Huizhou Broadway Street
Know more:
Please clickwww.fuhuamall.org/holiday.com
1．This weekend will be more interesting because ______.
A. the summer holiday is coming
B. the mall is filled with special gifts
C. everyone will have a better chance to relax
D. there will be a holiday gift fair
2．You can buy handmade goods made by ______.
A. 5-year-old Li Lei B. 50-year-old Liu Hua
C. 25-year-old Lin Mei D. 15-year-old Hu Zhen
3．At this fair, adults can ______.
①go shopping and dining
②watch summer movies
③enjoy band shows
④do holiday DIY
⑤have a holiday train ride
A. ①②③ B. ①④⑤ C. ②③⑤ D. ③④⑤
4．To join the activities, Mr. Li and his two children （aged 10 and 14） should pay ______.
A. 29 yuan B. 32 yuan C. 35 yuan D. 45 yuan
5．You can probably read this article in ______.
A. a storybook B. a newspaper C. a website D. a guidebook
七
(2024深圳一模，A)The 40th Harbin International Ice and Snow Festival started on January 5, 2024, in Harbin, the capital city of China's northernmost Heilongjiang province.
Harbin Ice-Snow World is a place tourists must visit. It is built on the northern bank of the Songhua River which runs through the city. Covering an area of 816,600 square meters, Harbin Ice-Snow World is an ice-and-snow park of large ice buildings. It uses ice and snow that are taken from the Songhua River to make sculptures （雕塑） such as castles （城堡） and towers. They are all lighted up by colorful lighting, which is very beautiful.
The park offers more than 20 fun activities including snowmobile racing and snow yo-yo. The number of ice slides （滑梯） in the park has increased from eight last winter to 14 this year because tourists increased a lot. The longest slide runs 521 meters, providing an exciting experience, and has become the hottest thing in the park.
“My wife and I thought about going to Thailand for a winter trip, but we were interested in the short videos that became popular online about ice-and-snow fun in Harbin. That is why we are here now,” said Sun Chengzhe, a tourist from east China's Fujian Province.
Many warm-hearted local people offered to help visitors fight off the cold. Harbin restaurant owner Yin Zhi serves 600 cups of free hot drinks daily to tourists as they travel Harbin's main street. “We would like to show visitors everything good here, such as the good food, good drinks and good scenery,” he said. “This is the special way of a northeastern local welcoming his guests.”
1．What do we know about the Harbin Ice-Snow World
A. It is a beautiful nature park. B. It has colorful ice buildings.
C. It has fewer visitors this year. D. It is far from the Songhua River.
2．How many ice slides were added in the park this year
A. 6. B. 8. C. 14. D. 20.
3．What made Sun Chengzhe and his wife go to Harbin
A. Fun activities of the park. B. Good weather in Harbin.
C. Popular streets in Harbin. D. Online videos about Harbin.
4．What can we learn from the last paragraph
A. Locals are used to the cold in Harbin.
B. Food and drinks are cheap in Harbin.
C. More restaurants are opened in Harbin.
D. Tourists are warmly welcomed in Harbin.
5．In which part of a newspaper can we see this text
A. Nature. B. Travel. C. Sports. D. Science.
八
(2024广东模拟，B)Do you ever feel like there's not enough time in the day Time seems to get away from you, and it is impossible to finish all the things. But when you walk outside into the countryside, everything suddenly seems slower and more relaxing. You feel like you have more time. In fact, new research shows nature can control our sense of time.
Richardo Correia, a researcher at the University of Helsinki, found that when we stay in nature, we may feel different about time. We often get a sense of time abundance （充裕）. Correia compared people's experiences of time when they do different kinds of tasks in cities and then in nature. It showed that people felt the time was greatly expanded when they were in nature. Although they do the same thing in cities, they feel time is much shorter. For example, a walk through the countryside felt longer than a city walk of the same distance （距离）.
Our sense of time can be changed in the natural world, and our sense of the past and future also seem different. Earlier research shows that we can move our attention from the present to the future if we spend more time in nature. So instead of worrying about the stress of our time, we can stay in nature to see the bigger picture. It can help us find out the most important things at present. If we often stay in nature, we will become more relaxed and think more clearly. As a result, we can make wiser decisions to achieve our dreams.
1．How might you feel when you walk in the countryside
A. Everything stays the same. B. Time is running away from you.
C. There are fewer hours in the day. D. Things seem to go more slowly.
2．In what way did Correia make the research
A. By doing online surveys. B. By interviewing students.
C. By comparing experiences. D. By reading earlier studies.
3．What does the underlined word “expanded” in Paragraph 2 probably mean
A. Broken. B. Stolen. C. Wasted. D. Increased.
4．Why should we spend more time in nature according to the writer
A. Because it helps us change the past.
B. Because it makes us think clearly.
C. Because it helps us have more time.
D. Because it makes us become healthier.
5．What is the passage mainly about
A. How nature changes our sense of time.
B. Where time has gone.
C. When we should get close to nature.
D. What time brings us.
九
(2024广东一模，B)Yunjin （云锦） is a beautiful brocade （织锦） made in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province. Yun in Chinese means “clouds” and jin means “brocade”. The materials used in yunjin are valuable, such as silk, gold and silver, resulting in its high collecting value.
Yunjin, with a history of over 1,600 years, has the best quality among all the brocades in China. It stands for the finest Chinese silk cloth. The brocade comes out from a traditional wooden loom （织布机） as big as 5.6 meters long, 1.4 meters wide and 4 meters high. The huge loom needs two people to work, one above and one below. The process （过程） is so long and complex that a brocade with a length of 5 to 6 centimeters takes two people all day to make and the production cannot be replaced with modern machines. Its pictures are large in shape and the use of gold and silver makes them rich and shining. In ancient times, yunjin served as materials for the royal family's clothes and to beautify their palaces. It was also used as gifts for important foreign guests.
With the development of technology and changes in people's lifestyle, young people have less interest in traditional arts which require a long time of learning and practicing. To pass down the skills of yunjin, the Chinese government set up the Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute in 1957, which has helped spread the culture of brocade and built a cultural bridge between China and the world.
1．Why does yunjin have a high collecting value
A. Because it has a long history.
B. Because it has the best quality.
C. Because it is made of valuable materials.
D. Because it is made of huge wooden looms.
2．What does the underlined word “complex” in paragraph 2 mean
A. Common. B. Difficult. C. Different. D. Expensive.
3．The Chinese government set up Nanjing Yunjin Research Institute to ______.
A. pass down the skills of yunjin B. develop ways to make yunjin
C. help young people make yunjin D. change traditional skills of yunjin
4．What do you learn about yunjin from the passage
A. It takes 5 to 6 days to make.
B. It interests more people to learn it.
C. It has large, rich and shining pictures.
D. It can be made by modern machines.
5．Which can be the best title for the passage
A. The First Invention in Chinese History
B. The Biggest Change in Chinese History
C. The Latest Material of Chinese Silk Cloth
D. The Greatest Symbol of Chinese Silk Cloth
十
[2024长沙模拟]B
Prince Nallamothula is a fourteen-year-old inventor. He built a model of a robot that allows people to do farm work remotely（远程）.
When Prince was a young boy, he didn’t share the same interest as others. He didn’t have many toys at home and seldom played computer games. However, he was interested in playing with blocks to build things whenever he could.
One day, Prince’s mom said that there was not enough space in their apartment to grow all her plants, so he started thinking about ways to solve the problem. Then an idea came up, “What if we plant them in a different place from where we live ”
Prince spent about two to three months building his robot. Before drawing the designs, he had to search for a great deal of information on the Internet. In order to build the robot successfully, he went to the market to buy necessary parts. The robot had everything to help it move around. The last step is doing all the coding（编程） to get the robot to be useful and not just a model. His robot was named Gr-Robot. It had a camera for live video and a basket to plant seeds. It could decide whether to open the sprinkler（喷洒器） according to the soil conditions（土壤情况）. All of these will help farmers do farm work and even some difficult work.
Besides this robot, Prince had also invented a game and apps. When asked about the secret to his achievements, he replied, “Seeing people’s life getting better because of my inventions makes me feel great. I’ll do what I can to solve more people’s problems. And the world may be different with my help.”
1．What is special about Prince’s invention
A. It’s made of building blocks.
B. It’s controlled by a computer game.
C. It allows people to do farm work remotely.
2．Why did Prince invent the robot according to Paragraph 3
A. To solve the problem of their apartment.
B. To meet his mom’s need to grow all her plants.
C. To show the possibility of building things with blocks.
3．Which of the following steps are included in making Prince’s robot
①Writing codes for the robot.
②Drawing the designs for the robot.
③Shooting live video with a camera.
④Searching for information on the Internet.
⑤Going to the market to buy necessary parts.
A. ①②④⑤ B. ①②③⑤ C. ②③④⑤
4．What can be inferred（推断） from the last paragraph
A. Hard work is the secret to success.
B. Working together makes a difference.
C. Happiness may be found by helping others.
本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了小发明家普林斯受到妈妈生活中所遇问题的启发，发明了能帮助人们远程干农活的机器人的故事。
十一
（2024江西，B）
Ed was a professional football player, but in 2017 he had an accident in a swimming pool. After that, he couldn't move his body from the shoulders down.
Doctors told him that he'd probably never walk again, but Ed didn't want to believe this. He had recently got engaged（订婚） to the woman who is now his wife and he said that she was the main reason he wanted to get better. He spent six days staring at his toes（脚趾） and trying to make them move—and, finally, he succeeded! This was the start of a long journey.
While in hospital, Ed met Paul, a man in his late thirties. Doctors had also told Paul he would never walk again, but Ed encouraged him not to give up and six months later, Paul told Ed he was walking with a stick.
Only a year after his accident, Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales. Since then he has also climbed a 6,500-meter mountain in Nepal and he said that after each big climb he noticed his body could do new movements.
Two years later, 31-year-old Ed climbed 8,848.86 meters, the height of the world's highest mountain, by going up and down his parents' stairs 2,783 times. When he finished, he told a news reporter he had loved it although it sometimes was “painful” and “boring”. He also raised ￡46,000 for charity.
Ed hopes his story can help people. That's why he started his own charity, M2M, which aims to support “people facing challenges in life”.
1．Who did Ed want to get better mainly for
A. His parents. B. His doctor. C. His friend. D. His wife.
2．What is Ed like according to Paragraph 3
A. Brave. B. Helpful.
C. Honest. D. Hard-working.
3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refer to
A. Raising money. B. Doing new movements.
C. Visiting parents. D. Going up and down stairs.
4．Put the events about Ed into the correct order according to the passage.
a.Ed started M2M.
b.Ed succeeded in making his toes move.
c.Ed had an accident in a swimming pool.
d.Ed climbed the highest mountain in Wales.
e.Ed climbed his parents' stairs 2,783 times.
A. c-e-b-d-a B. c-b-d-e-a C. e-a-b-d-c D. e-b-d-c-a
5．What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Football Player B. A Challenge Lover
C. A Charity Worker D. A Mountain Climber
十二
（2023湖北武汉，B）
Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public-spirited young person was now a university student. His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future.
★. When he was around 4 or 5, he always loved to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails（凤蝶）. One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to attract（吸引） swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flower.
Bert started a zinnia garden at his house, where he raised a large number of swallowtails over the years. With the world's swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. To make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students, he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school.
Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. They develop a new appreciation for them,” he said.
Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight.
1．After Bert was honored with Young Heroes, ______.
A. he often gave speeches in public
B. he set up his “green” project
C. he became interested in swallowtails
D. he went on protecting insects
2．Which of the following can be put in ★？
A. Bert saved many swallowtails B. Bert had a dull childhood
C. Bert found his love early in life D. Bert made a hard decision
3．The underlined word “accessible” in paragraph 2 means “______”.
A. dangerous to feed B. easy to get close to
C. hard to raise D. safe to reach
4．The main reason for Bert to create a zinnia garden at school was______.
A. to watch students have fun
B. to make his school more beautiful
C. to stop swallowtails from disappearing
D. to help kids learn about swallowtails
5．What would be the best title for the passage
A. A Bright Flower B. A Flying Project
C. A Green Garden D. A Warning Action
十三
（2024东莞一模，B）
A lot of animals travel from one place to another. We call this migration（迁徙）.
In Africa, large animals, like elephants and zebras, migrate to find food and water. They usually follow the same ways every year.
A lot of birds migrate to find food and better weather, too. They are usually birds that eat insects. They spend the summer in northern Europe, because there are lots of insects there. In winter there aren't any insects, so the birds fly south to southern Europe and Africa.
Arctic terns（北极燕鸥） travel the furthest when they migrate. They spend the summer in the Arctic, but when winter comes they fly to the Antarctic, because it's summer there. The next year they fly back to the Arctic again. In one year these small birds travel 90,000 km from one end of the earth to the other and back again. Nobody knows how they do it.
Some fish migrate to breed. Salmon（鲑鱼） can swim over 20,000 km in their life. They are born in rivers in Ireland, Scotland and other places in northern Europe. The young fish swim down the river to the sea and into the Atlantic Ocean. They live in the ocean until they are grown-ups. Then they return to the river where they were born. They lay their eggs in the river and then they usually die. Salmon do this, because their eggs are safer in the river. Other fish can't eat them.
1．According to the passage, many birds fly to Africa in winter to find ______.
A. partners B. water C. land D. food
2．Which of the following is TRUE about Arctic terns
A. They live in the Antarctic all year.
B. They migrate to find food.
C. They travel further than the salmon.
D. They are big birds.
3．The underlined word “breed” probably means “______”.
A. produce babies B. look for food
C. live longer D. avoid winter
4．Where do the young salmon live according to the text
A. In the rivers in Ireland. B. In the Atlantic Ocean.
C. In the river where they were born. D. In the sea in Scotland.
5．The passage mainly tells us ______.
A. the migration of animals B. the time of migration
C. the direction of migration D. the result of migration
十四
[2024长沙长郡三模]C
The term “social phobia（社交恐惧症）” seems to have gained popularity these days. Young people in particular are describing themselves as having social phobia. They prefer not to go out much, saying that it’s not easy for them to make new friends or socialize. But is this “real” social phobia
In fact, this is just a reaction to certain social situations. US researcher Ty Tashiro wrote the book Awkward: The Science of Why We’re Socially Awkward and Why That’s Awesome. He explains that some people don’t “read” social situations correctly and therefore end up feeling uncomfortable. For example, they might be afraid of breaking some unspoken rules. Therefore, they start to act awkwardly（笨拙地） because they don’t want this to happen. This might make them unwilling to socialize. They prefer to stay home instead of going out to meet new people, but this doesn’t mean they have social phobia.
“Real” social phobia—also known as social anxiety disorder—is much more serious. People with social phobia want to go out and interact（互动） with others but are so terrified of doing it that they cannot leave their homes. Their brains simply won’t allow them to interact with others in a normal way. People with social anxiety disorder can even experience panic attacks（惊恐发作） because of the mental illness.
Fortunately, social anxiety disorder can be treated. Some people use self-help books to help them gain more control over their minds. Therapy（心理治疗） can also help.
8．What does Paragraph 1 say about some young people
A. They find it hard to socialize.
B. They don’t like making friends.
C. Social phobia makes them more popular.
9．What does Tashiro think of these young people
A. They are suffering from social phobia.
B. They should avoid uncomfortable situations.
C. They sometimes misunderstand social situations.
10．What does the underlined word “mental” mean in Paragraph 3
A. 身体的 B. 精神的 C. 社会的
11．What does the article try to explain
A. Who has social phobia.
B. Why people have social phobia.
C. What real social phobia is like.
十五
[2024长沙二模]B
There are more than 72 million deaf people around the world and sign language serves as an important way of communication for them. And their family members and friends can also use sign language to communicate better with them. It’s reported that almost every country has its own unique（独特的） sign language, and some countries even have multiple（多种多样的） sign languages. In fact, there are over 300 different sign languages worldwide. Also, there’s an international sign language that deaf people use when communicating with people from other countries.
These amazing sign languages are important to the deaf, so there’s a festival about sign language. The International Day of Sign Languages falls on September 23rd. In 2017, the World Federation of the Deaf（世界聋人联合会） put forward the idea of celebrating the International Day of Sign Languages to let people learn more about sign language and deaf culture. And on September 23rd, 2018, the first International Day of Sign Languages took place. Each year, the event has a different theme, such as “With Sign Language, Everyone is Included!” in 2018 and “Sign Languages Unite Us!” in 2022.
There are several meaningful ways to celebrate the International Day of Sign Languages. The best way is to learn a sign language. There are many excellent online resources available for this purpose. Another way is to improve the understanding of sign languages because many people are not familiar with them. Sharing information about sign languages can help increase understanding. Organizing special events is also a great way to celebrate. These events not only promote awareness（增强意识） of sign language but also help in raising money.
1．What can we learn from Paragraph 1
A. Only deaf people use sign language.
B. 72 million people use the international sign language.
C. There are more than 300 sign languages worldwide.
2．When did people celebrate the first International Day of Sign Languages
A. In 2017. B. In 2018. C. In 2022.
3．What do the underlined words “this purpose” in Paragraph 3 refer to（指代）
A. Learning a sign language.
B. Improving the understanding of sign languages.
C. Celebrating the International Day of Sign Languages.
4．What might be the best title for this passage
A. Meaningless Sign Languages
B. Uncommon Sign Languages
C. The International Day of Sign Languages
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