阅读理解之记叙文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1、情节发展与逻辑连贯性
难点：需理清倒叙、插叙等复杂叙事结构（如回忆片段打乱时间线），并识别关键事件转折
点（如冲突解决、人物成长）。
高频考点：事件因果链（如“因误解→和解”）、伏笔与照应（如环境描写暗示结局）。
2、人物情感与动机推断
难点：通过动作、对话等细节推测隐含情感（如“沉默良久”暗示内疚），分析人物性格变化
（如从懦弱到勇敢）。
干扰项设计：选项含片面情感词（如仅选“angry”忽略“disappointed”）或过度推断（如将推
测当事实）。
3、主题与寓意提炼
难点：避免脱离文本的主旨归纳（如将“环保行动”误读为“个人英雄主义”），需结合结局与
人物行为总结核心价值（如坚持、亲情）。
高频主题：成长类（克服困难）、社会关怀（助人故事）、文化传承（本土习俗）。
4、文化背景与本土化内容
难点：理解西方文化符号（如“打破镜子=厄运”）及北京特色（如胡同文化、冬奥会遗产）
相关表达。
命题趋势：可能融入宿迁生态保护（如骆马湖治理）或科技伦理（AI 应用）等本土化叙事。
5、长难句与复杂描写
难点：分析含定语从句、分词的复合句（如“Although exhausted, he kept running”），及比喻、
拟人等修辞手法的作用。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、速读全文，定位核心要素
抓首尾段：确定主题（如成长类、悬疑类），标记时间线索（如“Last summer”“Three years
later”）。
符号标注：用箭头（→）表示事件发展，三角（△）标记转折点（如人物态度变化）。
2、精读题干，定向定位
关键词定位：根据题干中的时间（如“2020 年”）、人物（如“Tom”）回原文定位，优先匹配
细节题。
推理题策略：关注“Why”“What can we infer”类问题，结合上下文逻辑链（如人物行为→动
机）。
3、分析人物与主题
性格判断：通过反复动作（如“apologized again”）或语言（如“I won’t give up”）推断性格（如
“persistent”）。
主题归纳：用“结局+人物变化”推导（如“主角保护环境”对应“Responsibility”）。
4、排除干扰，验证答案
排除绝对化选项：含“all/never”的选项通常错误（如“Everyone disliked him”）。
代入检查：确保答案与段落情感一致（如消极段排除积极选项）。
三、2025 年考向预测
1、命题趋势升级
本土化叙事：结合北京文化（如故宫志愿服务、中轴线保护）或科技伦理（如 AI 辅助学习），
设置多模态文本（图文结合）。
复合型题目：增加“情节+情感+主题”综合题（如“分析主人公情感变化并总结主题”）。
2、高频题型分布
细节理解题（50%）：时间、地点、人物行为（如“Why did the boy cry ”）。
推理判断题（30%）：隐含动机、情感变化（如“从愤怒到和解”）。
主旨大意题（15%）：核心价值提炼（如“勇气”“亲情”）。
词义猜测题（5%）：结合上下文推测生词（如“perseverance”）。
3、热点话题预测
成长故事：克服身体障碍（如盲人励志故事）、学业压力（如高考奋斗）。
社会关怀：助人经历（如支教老师与学生互动）、环保行动（如社区垃圾分类）。
文化传承：非遗技艺（如京剧服饰设计）、传统节日（如春节习俗）。
四、备考建议
1、高频主题素材积累
分类整理模板：按主题（成长、亲情）整理高频词（如 perseverance, sacrifice）及短语（take
action）。
本土文化词汇：如“胡同—hutong”“中轴线—Central Axis”“冬奥遗产—Winter Olympics
legacy”。
2、真题模拟与错题复盘
限时训练：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟，模拟考场节奏（前 3 分钟速读，后 5 分钟精析）。
错题归类：按错误类型（逻辑误判、文化误解）整理，针对性强化（如整理转折信号词表）。
3、长难句与逻辑训练
句子主干提取：划出主谓宾，忽略修饰成分（如定语从句），快速定位核心信息。
逻辑词标记：圈画 but/however/therefore，预判上下文关系。
4、实战技巧优化
首尾段速成法：背诵万能开头（“This story tells us...”）和结尾（“The lesson is clear...”）。
情感匹配法：消极段落排除积极选项（如 2024 年真题中“失望→和解”排除“happy”）。
总结：2025 年北京中考记叙文阅读将更注重本土化叙事与深度逻辑分析，考生需通过“要素
提取+情感推理”双轨突破，强化高频考点（人物性格、主题归纳）及文化融合题型。建议结
合真题限时训练、错题归类及文化背景拓展，全面提升文本理解与主旨提炼能力。
【基础试题】
A
Citywalk can be a special guided trip for a small group of people, or simply a leisurely walk
for one or two to explore new areas, sticking to the key point: avoiding famous scenic spots and
big crowds to gain a more inclusive experience of the places you visit.
In China, the Citywalk trend is spreading from first-tier cities like Beijing and Shanghai to
second and third-tier cities, encouraging more participants and event organizers to take part.
Some organizers invite folk culture researchers and lovers to act as tour guides. Xiao Yiyi is
a young leader based in Changsha exploring new possibilities in the tourism sector. Recently she
launched six Citywalk routes in different cities on her social media account, with the aim of
providing experiences for visitors to “walk in open-air museums”.
Her Changsha route joins more unusual sights like historical buildings from the 19th
century, and even a stop-off to sample the local spicy crayfish specialty. Citywalk not only offers
a way for young people to interact with a city but also provides them with a new social scene,
where people who share the same interests and ideas can easily make friends. Xiao Yiyi said her
group usually consists of a dozen or so people and her events last around half a day.
Some regions, such as Beijing and Shandong, have included Citywalk in their plans to
promote cultural tourism and leisure tours. Shanghai has fixed Citywalk routes using public bus
routes to help day-trippers reach more far-flung districts by public transport and continue on foot.
Even though Citywalk is a relatively fun and new way, its potential is huge. Zhang Zhi, a
tour guide from Beijing said tourists nowadays are paying more attention to personalized travel
services. Many tour guides also try to expand their influence online, sharing their experiences to
attract potential customers.
Citywalk is offering a positive change to urban travelers. At the same time, Citywalk
represents an opportunity for tour guides and travel service providers to offer a more tailored,
professional service to meet with ever-changing market demands.
1．According to Xiao Yiyi, Citywalk ________.
A．has developed six bus routes to museumsB．has offered tourists chances shared online
C．involves fewer people and less time D．aims to help people develop friendship
2．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Citywalk
A．Keeping away from the crowded spots.
B．Improving cultural tourism and leisure tours.
C．Providing tourism services to meet people’s needs.
D．Encouraging people to join in urban travelling.
3．Where can you probably read the passage
A．A travel guide. B．A news report.
C．A scientific research. D．A geography textbook.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B
【难度】0.85
【知识点】旅行、记叙文
【导语】本文主要介绍了探索城市的旅行新趋势——城市漫步。
1．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Xiao Yiyi said her group usually consists of a dozen or so
people and her events last around half a day.”可知，据肖依依介绍，城市漫步涉及的人少，时
间短。故选 C。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“avoiding famous scenic spots and big crowds to gain a more
inclusive experience of the places you visit.”可知，这里是指远离人多的地方，所以 A 选项正
确；根据第五段中的“Some regions, such as Beijing and Shandong, have included Citywalk in
their plans to promote cultural tourism and leisure tours.”可知，城市漫步可以促进文化旅游和休
闲旅游，所以 B 选项正确；根据最后一段中的“At the same time, Citywalk represents an
opportunity for tour guides and travel service providers to offer a more tailored, professional
service to meet with ever-changing market demands.”可知，城市漫步可以改善旅游服务，以满
足人们的需求，所以 C 选项正确。故选 D。
3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了探索城市的旅行新趋势——城市漫步，可
以在新闻报道中读到这篇文章。故选 B。
B
Every day, Vicky traveled by bus between her office and home. She noticed something
special about the bus driver. Whenever the passengers got on the bus, he would smile at them.
However, Vicky also noticed a passenger who never smiled back at the driver. It seemed
that he never had any clean clothes. He often made big noises when he coughed. Every time he got
on the bus, he made the other passengers give up the seat to him in a loud voice. But the driver
still smiled at the passenger. Instead, the “noisy” man seemed to never see the smile.
This got Vicky more interested. Once, she asked the driver, “Sir, may I ask a question
Why don’t you throw that noisy man out of the bus ”
The driver looked at Vicky and said, “He’s my guest.”
“Then take back your smile at least. Don’t be so nice to him!”
“Let me tell you about my dog,” the driver said patiently.
“Each time the moon shines, my dog barks (狗叫) at it crazily.”
Hearing this, Vicky was confused and said, “Sorry, but I’m not sure what you’re trying to
tell me.”
The driver said, “It keeps barking, but the moon still shines.”
1．Vicky thinks the bus driver is special because the bus driver ________.
A．smiles to every passenger B．wears clean clothes
C．works hard every day D．drives too fast
2．To deal with the “noisy” man, Vicky advises the bus driver not to ________.
A．offer him a seat B．be kind to him
C．take back the smile D．throw him out of the bus
3．The story mainly wants to tell us that we should ________.
A．traveled by bus B．be impolite to others
C．be strict with ourselves D．always show our kindness to others
【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D
【难度】0.85
【知识点】哲理感悟、记叙文
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位公交车司机总是对每个人都是很和蔼，即使某
位乘客不友善，司机也是一如既往地保持微笑，Vicky 感到不解，和司机交谈后，司机告诉
Vicky 不要因为别人而影响自己。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She noticed something special about the bus driver. Whenever
the passengers got on the bus, he would smile at them.”可知，这位司机的特别之处是他对任何
人都保持微笑。故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“Then take back your smile at least. Don’t be so nice to him!”可知，Vicky
建议这位司机不要对这个“吵闹”的人太友好。故选 B。
3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“It keeps barking, but the moon still shines.”并通读全文可
知，文章主要告诉我们总是对别人表现出我们的善意，不要因为别人而影响自己。故选 D。
C
Thomas Edison lost his first job. For the next five years he went around the country from
job to job. At last Edison went to New York. He had little money. He could not buy enough food
to eat. He had no place to sleep.
For many days Edison looked for work, He was hungry. At last he found work fixing
machines. He could repair the old machines. He could also make new ones. The head man liked
Edison’s new machines. He was going to give Edison $40, 000 for them. Edison would now have
money to do what he wanted.
Thomas Edison was then 23. He used the money to build a shop in New Jersey. He had
many people working for him. But he worked harder than any of them, He rested very little. Soon
he was making more than 40 new things at one time. In 1876 Alexander Graham Bell made a
telephone. But it could carry voices only a short way. Edison wanted to make a better telephone.
He soon made one. It could carry voices a long way.
1．In New York ________.
A．Edison did not get a job
B．Edison found the work to fix machines
C．Edison got $40, 000 by fixing machines
D．Edison made more money by fixing old machines
2．The head man was interested in ________.
A．Thomas Edison B．the old machines C．the new machines D．Edison’s telephone
3．Edison made a telephone. It ________.
A．was the first one in the world B．carried more voices
C．carried voices more clearly D．carried voices much farther
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【难度】0.85
【知识点】其他著名人物、记叙文
【导语】本文叙述了爱迪生青年时期颠沛流离的生活。他不断地换工作，最后通过自己的努
力取得了伟大的成就。
1．细节理解题。根据“At last he found work fixing machines.”可知，爱迪生最后在纽约找到修
机器的工作。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“The head man liked Edison’s new machines”可知，负责人喜欢爱迪生的
新机器。故选 C。
3．细节理解题。根据“Edison wanted to make a better telephone. He soon made one. It could carry
voices a long way.”可知，爱迪生发明了电话。它把声音传得更远。故选 D。
【提升试题】
A
Today, as I was shopping at Woolworths, a kind employee (雇 员 ) surprised me with a
beautiful bouquet (束) of flowers. It was an unexpected act of kindness that reminded me of the
power of simple words and gestures.
Three years earlier, I was going through chemo and radiation treatment (放化疗) and felt
tired and down. My husband and children were also bearing a lot. One thing I could do to help
was to order our daily items online through click-and-collect services. Before checking out, I
would leave little comments like “Hope you’re having a good day!” or “Thank you for your hard
work.” for the person who packed our order.
Today, I found myself face-to-face with one of the employees who had packed our orders in
the past. I walked up to her and said, “Thank you so much for what you did! You guys are
fantastic!” She paused for a second and then asked my name. When I told her, she said, “Oh, you
are the lady who wrote notes for us!” She told me that those little notes truly cheered them up,
especially during the hard times of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was heartwarming to hear that
such small acts of kindness could make such a big difference.
After finishing my shopping, she came running up to me with a bouquet of flowers,
thanking me for brightening their day with my kind words. I never thought that my small acts
could make a world of difference in someone’s day. Even something as simple as saying thank
you or leaving a kind note can encourage them and make them feel valued and appreciated.
1．What did the author do to help her family during treatment
A．She offered free services to stores.
B．She bought lots of toy bears for her kids.
C．She became a comment writer for a hospital.
D．She ordered daily items online for her family.
2．Why did the employee recognize the author’s name when they met in person
A．Because the author was a regular customer.
B．Because they had worked together in the past.
C．Because they had seen each other at Woolworths before.
D．Because the author’s notes showed support and kindness.
3．What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward small acts of kindness
A．She doesn’t value them. B．She is surprised by their value.
C．She does not believe in their power. D．She thinks that they are simply a waste.
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】个人经历、志愿服务、记叙文
【导语】本文讲述了作者在经历化疗和放疗期间，通过在线订购日用品并为打包订单的员工
留下鼓励性留言的方式，后来一位善良的员工用一束漂亮的花让作者大吃一惊，让作者对小
小的善举的力量感到惊讶和意外。
1．细节理解题。根据“One thing I could do to help was to order our daily items online through
click-and-collect services.”可知，我可以做的一件事是通过点击和收集服务在线订购我们的日
常用品。故选 D。
2．推理判断题。根据“She told me that those little notes truly cheered them up, especially during
the hard times of the COVID-19 pandemic.”可知，这位雇员是因为作者曾经留下的支持和鼓励
的字条而记住她。故选 D。
3．推理判断题。根据“I never thought that my small acts could make a world of difference in
someone’s day.”可知，作者对小小善举的力量感到惊讶和意外。故选 B。
B
My family has always had family dinners, as far as I can remember. Since I was a little boy,
my mother has insisted (坚持) that we attend family dinners at least once a week. Every Sunday,
my mother would prepare a lot of food and bring it to my grandma’s house. We would wait for
more family members to come before eating together at the table, my grandma’s dinner table.
I used to feel that was a little silly tradition. But now I find it’s fantastic to get together as a
family to talk about anything and everything after a long week of school and work. Every time I
sit at the dinner table, my grandma’s dinner table, I look around and find so many people who
truly love me. It’s a kind of love that feels so good. For me, dinner is not just a meal, but a chance
to connect with each other.
I finally realize the true meaning of this tradition. It’s not about the dinners or activities. It’s
about family, a group of people who care about each other. All the memories around my grandma’
s dinner table will last forever.
Now, I’m always expecting Sunday to arrive.
1．When do the writer’s family usually get together
A．On Sunday. B．On Monday. C．On Friday. D．On Saturday.
2．What does family dinner mean to the writer now
A．It is a family rule. B．It is a silly tradition.
C．It’s just a delicious meal. D．It’s a way to connect with family.
3．Why does the writer mention “my grandma’s dinner table” three times
A．He sees the table too often. B．He misses his grandma so much.
C．It’s the place full of family love. D．He loves the grandma’s cooking.
【答案】1．A 2．D 3．C
【难度】0.65
【知识点】家庭生活、记叙文
【导语】本文介绍了作者家庭聚餐的传统以及背后的含义。
1．细节理解题。根据“Every Sunday, my mother would prepare a lot of food and bring it to my
grandma’s house.”可知作者家庭通常在周日相聚，故选 A。
2．细节理解题。根据“For me, dinner is not just a meal, but a chance to connect with each other.”
可知家庭晚宴对作者而言是一种和家人联系的方式，故选 D。
3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章三次提到“祖母的餐桌”，是因为家人们每周至少一次
的家庭聚餐就是在祖母家，在祖母家的餐桌上，这是一个承载着家人们关爱的地方。故选 C。
C
Joel Connor works in an office in Kansas. His job is a nine-to-five, Monday-to-Friday job.
So at the weekend he does something different. He helps people for free. Every weekend, there’s a
new project. This weekend Joel is helping to build a house. You can see him in the photo. He’s
moving a large blue board. All the people are “weekend builders”. These “weekend builders” are
from the small town of Greensburg in Kansas. A year ago, a tornado (龙卷风) hit their town. After
the tornado, the community started a project to build new homes. The project is for thirty new
homes.
Joel says, “I heard about the tornado and the new project. I knew some people in
Greensburg. I wanted to help.” Joel’s working with Jill and Scott Eller. Jill and Scott are building
their “dream house”. They’re making the house “tornado-resistant (可抵御的)”—that’s why it has
an unusual shape.
The Ellers’ house is almost ready, so next weekend Joel is moving to a different project.
Why does he do this at the weekend “I have time, I can help people, I make friends and it’s fun!
So why not ” he says.
1．What do we know about Joel Connor
A．He serves in building company. B．He does some part-time jobs.
C．He works for seven days in an office. D．He volunteers at the weekend.
2．Why was this weekend’s project started
A．A new town was built.
B．Many builders moved to the town.
C．Houses were pulled down by the tornado.
D．The community wanted to improve housing.
3．Which word can best describe Joel
A．Absent-minded. B．Warm-hearted.
C．Easy-going. D．Strange-looking.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B
【难度】0.65
【知识点】志愿服务、周末活动、记叙文
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了一个平凡的志愿者——Joel Connor，他有一份
朝九晚五的工作，在每个周末他都做不同的志愿者活动，这个周末他正帮助一个受龙卷风袭
击的社区建房子。
1．推理判断题。根据“So at the weekend he does something different. He helps people for free.
Every weekend, there’s a new project.”可知，Joel 在周末免费帮助不同的人，也就是在周末做
志愿工作。故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“A year ago, a tornado (龙卷风) hit their town. After the tornado, the
community started a project to build new homes. The project is for thirty new homes.”可知，因为
遭受了龙卷风，所以社区开始了建新房子的项目，这个项目要建 30 个新房子。故选 C。
3．推理判断题。根据“He helps people for free.”及“I have time, I can help people, I make friends
and it’s fun! So why not ”可知，Joel 免费帮助他人，经常在周末做一些不同于工作日的事情，
所以他是一个热心肠的人。故选 B。
【拔高试题】
A
The seventh graders’ School Day was over. Wilson was filling his backpack when an
announcement about the All-City Math Contest came out of the loudspeaker. The contest was
open to eighth and ninth graders. And the top prize was fifty dollars. Wilson was immediately
interested. “I could do really well in that contest,” he thought.
Excitedly, Wilson went to speak to his teacher, Ms. Jones. “I want to be in that math
contest, Ms. Jones,” he said. Ms. Jones looked up and replied, “That’s wonderful, Wilson, but this
contest is for eighth and ninth graders only. Besides, our class hasn’t studied most of the
material.” Wilson argued, “But you know I’m good at math! I do math problems with my brother
all the time—he’s in ninth grade! I think I could do really well!” However, Ms. Jones stood firm,
“You are a good math student, but rules are rules. You can enter next year.”
Wilson came home, stormed upstairs without saying a word, and shut the door to his room
heavily. His mother quickly appeared at his door, knocked, and came in. “Did something happen
today ” she asked. Wilson was quiet for a minute, and then it all came out. “It’s just not fair. I
know I could do well. Why won’t they let me join in that contest ”
Wilson’s mother put her hand on his shoulder and said softly, “Maybe you can tell your
teacher that this is one of those times when the rule should be bent or even broken.”
The next day, Wilson arrived at school an hour early and found Ms. Jones already at her
desk. “Good morning, Ms. Jones,” he said. “I’ve brought one of my brother’s ninth-grade practice
tests. If I take this test now and do a good job, can I be in the contest ”
His teacher was surprised. But then she looked over the test and replied, “As I told you
yesterday, Wilson, rules are rules. But if you can do well on this ninth-grade test, I will talk to the
principal.” Wilson nodded and started the test right away.
Forty minutes later, he handed it in. Ms. Jones graded it and said, “Even most ninth graders
wouldn’t get everything right, but you did! Well done! I’ll show this to the principal. I hope we
can make an exception for you.”
Wilson was overjoyed, giving his teacher a hug. His hard work and determination had paid
off, and his dream of joining in the contest was now within reach.
1．How did Wilson feel after he came home
A．Excited. B．Angry. C．Calm. D．Scared.
2．What did Wilson do to try to change Ms. Jones’ mind
A．He brought a ninth-grade practice test and offered to take it.
B．He promised to study hard so that he could be well-prepared.
C．He asked his mother to talk to Ms. Jones to change her mind.
D．He showed Ms. Jones the high scores he got in earlier math tests.
3．From Wilson’s experience, we can learn that ________.
A．“Well begun is half done”
B．“East or west, home is the best”
C．“Where there is a will, there is a way”
D．“Nothing can be achieved without rules”
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C
【难度】0.4
【知识点】哲理感悟、其他人、记叙文、个人经历
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了七年级学生威尔逊想要参加全城市数学竞赛，
但由于规则限制，只有八、九年级学生才能参加；威尔逊通过努力，用实际行动向老师证明
了自己的能力，最终有可能获得参加竞赛的机会。
1．细节理解题。根据第三段“Wilson came home, stormed upstairs without saying a word, and
shut the door to his room heavily.”可知，威尔逊回家后一言不发，重重地关上了自己房间的门，
这表明他很生气。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据第五段“‘I’ve brought one of my brother’s ninth - grade practice tests. If I
take this test now and do a good job, can I be in the contest ’”可知，威尔逊带来了他哥哥的九年
级练习测试，并主动提出如果自己能考好，希望能参加竞赛，以此来试图改变琼斯老师的想
法。故选 A。
3．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“His hard work and determination had paid off, and his dream of
joining in the contest was now within reach.”可知，威尔逊虽然面临规则的限制，但他没有放
弃，通过自己的努力和坚持，最终有可能实现参加竞赛的梦想；从威尔逊的经历，我们学到
了“有志者，事竟成”的道理。故选 C。
B
Becky Schroeder was only 10 years old when she came up with the idea of the glow-paper.
The idea came to her when she tried to do her homework in the family car. It was getting dark, and
she could not look through her notebook anymore. She imagined how nice it would be to have a
kind of paper that glowed in the dark and allowed her to write even if there wasn’t light.
Becky decided to invent a product that would do just that. She started researching how toys
that glowed in the dark worked and found out they all used special paint. The paint keeps energy
when a light shines on it and then gives off light in the dark.
Becky bought some special paint. In the darkest room, she spent the evening doing
experiments with the paint and thousands of pieces of paper, one at a time, until she got it right.
Her invention is made of a board covered with special paint. Once a piece of paper is placed
on it, it glows and people can see their writing or read in the dark.
The invention is quite successful. It is used by photographers for their darkrooms and
medical workers in hospitals to read patients’ cards at night without waking them up. And people
remember Becky for that.
1．Where did Becky get the idea of the glow-paper
A．At home. B．In the car. C．At school. D．In the hospital.
2．What is Becky’s invention made of
A．A board covered with special paint. B．A notebook with special paper.
C．A box filled with special lights. D．A piece of paper with special ink.
3．Which is the correct order of the following events
①She bought some special paint. ②She started researching how toys glowed in the dark.
③She could not look through her notebook. ④She did experiments with the paint and paper.
⑤Her invention is used by photographers and medical workers.
A．①④③⑤② B．②③④①⑤ C．③②①④⑤ D．③①④②⑤
【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C
【难度】0.4
【知识点】发明与创造、记叙文
【导语】本文讲述了贝基·施罗德 10 岁时在车内做作业因光线暗产生发明夜光纸的想法，
随后她研究夜光玩具原理，购买特殊涂料进行实验，最终成功发明夜光纸，该发明在摄影师
暗房和医院等得到应用。
1．细节理解题。根据“The idea came to her when she tried to do her homework in the family car.”
可知，这里明确表明想法是在车里产生的。故选 B。
2．细节理解题。根据“Her invention is made of a board covered with special paint.”可知，她的
发明是由覆盖特殊涂料的板子构成。故选 A。
3．细节理解题。根据“The idea came to her when she tried to do her homework in the family car.
It was getting dark, and she could not look through her notebook anymore. ”、“She imagined how
nice it would be to have a kind of paper that glowed in the dark and allowed her to write even if
there wasn’t light.”、“Becky bought some special paint.”、“ she spent the evening doing
experiments with the paint and thousands of pieces of paper, one at a time, until she got it right.”
和“It is used by photographers for their darkrooms and medical workers in hospitals to read
patients’ cards at night without waking them up.”可知，首先，是在车里光线暗无法看清笔记本
（③），然后有了发明想法开始研究夜光玩具原理（②），接着购买特殊涂料（①），再用
涂料和纸做实验（④），最后发明被摄影师和医护人员使用（⑤），所以正确顺序是③②①④⑤。
故选 C。
C
There is a big tree in the deep mountain. A mother eagle(鹰) and her three babies live in the
tree. One day the mother eagle said to her babies, “Come to the side of the nest.” The three babies
moved slowly and looked down, being afraid to go too far near the side. “We are afraid,” they
replied as they hid under the safety of their mother's comfortable wings. “Come here,” she
encouraged,“I’ll help you.” They came and with a loving and watchful eye, the mother eagle
slowly pushed the young babies out of their nest. And being brave, the babies flew up and began
their colorful life.
Just as an eagle flies far above the mountains and farms, higher and higher into the blue
sky.
You can go on your own journey and you are more independent. Then a whole, new, clear,
great life lies before you.
In our journey through life, like the baby eagles, we hope to have new, exciting experiences
and a meaningful future. So be brave, independent and take a step out of your comfortable home,
you can get where you want to be tomorrow.
1．The underlined word “nest” means ________ .
A．房间 B．帐篷 C．树 D．巢
2．The mother eagle pushed the young babies out of their nest to ________ .
A．make them afraid B．show her deep love to the babies
C．let them begin their colorful life D．let them know the danger outside
3．From the passage, we know we should ________ .
A．help each other to get more success B．be brave and independent
C．have a meaningful past D．learn from others
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B
【难度】0.4
【知识点】哲理感悟、寓言童话、记叙文、细节理解、主旨大意、词句猜测
【分析】本文讲述了老鹰把小鹰们推出鸟巢，让它们开始自己生活的故事，告诉我们要勇敢、
独立，走出舒适区，过一个全新的、有意义的生活，实现我们的梦想。
1．词意猜测题。根据下文“The three babies moved slowly and looked down, being afraid to go
too far near the side. … the mother eagle slowly pushed the young babies out of their nest. And
being brave, the babies flew up and began their colorful life.”可知，鹰妈妈让孩子到巢边来，小
鹰害怕走近巢边，鹰妈妈把小鹰推出巢外，小鹰勇敢地飞了起来，开始了他们多彩的生活。
由此可知“nest”意思是“巢”。故选 D。
2．细节理解题。根据第一段第 7 和 8 句“They came and with a loving and watchful eye, the
mother eagle slowly pushed the young babies out of their nest. And being brave, the babies flew
up and began their colorful life.”可知老鹰把小鹰们推出鸟巢是想让它们可以勇敢地飞翔，开
始它们的丰富多彩的生活。故选 C。
3．主旨大意题。本文讲述了老鹰把小鹰们推出鸟巢，让它们开始自己生活的故事，结合第
4 段最后一句“So be brave, independent and take a step out of your comfortable home, and you
will know where you want to go tomorrow.”可知作者想通过这个故事告诉我们，我们应该要勇
敢、独立，走出舒适区，实现我们的梦想。故选 B。阅读理解之记叙文
备战 2025 年中考英语新课标（核心素养）二轮复习之优秀
生拔高重难题型特训
【预测分析】
一、重难点分析
1、情节发展与逻辑连贯性
难点：需理清倒叙、插叙等复杂叙事结构（如回忆片段打乱时间线），并识别关键事件转折
点（如冲突解决、人物成长）。
高频考点：事件因果链（如“因误解→和解”）、伏笔与照应（如环境描写暗示结局）。
2、人物情感与动机推断
难点：通过动作、对话等细节推测隐含情感（如“沉默良久”暗示内疚），分析人物性格变化
（如从懦弱到勇敢）。
干扰项设计：选项含片面情感词（如仅选“angry”忽略“disappointed”）或过度推断（如将推
测当事实）。
3、主题与寓意提炼
难点：避免脱离文本的主旨归纳（如将“环保行动”误读为“个人英雄主义”），需结合结局与
人物行为总结核心价值（如坚持、亲情）。
高频主题：成长类（克服困难）、社会关怀（助人故事）、文化传承（本土习俗）。
4、文化背景与本土化内容
难点：理解西方文化符号（如“打破镜子=厄运”）及北京特色（如胡同文化、冬奥会遗产）
相关表达。
命题趋势：可能融入宿迁生态保护（如骆马湖治理）或科技伦理（AI 应用）等本土化叙事。
5、长难句与复杂描写
难点：分析含定语从句、分词的复合句（如“Although exhausted, he kept running”），及比喻、
拟人等修辞手法的作用。
二、解题步骤与技巧
1、速读全文，定位核心要素
抓首尾段：确定主题（如成长类、悬疑类），标记时间线索（如“Last summer”“Three years
later”）。
符号标注：用箭头（→）表示事件发展，三角（△）标记转折点（如人物态度变化）。
2、精读题干，定向定位
关键词定位：根据题干中的时间（如“2020 年”）、人物（如“Tom”）回原文定位，优先匹配
细节题。
推理题策略：关注“Why”“What can we infer”类问题，结合上下文逻辑链（如人物行为→动
机）。
3、分析人物与主题
性格判断：通过反复动作（如“apologized again”）或语言（如“I won’t give up”）推断性格（如
“persistent”）。
主题归纳：用“结局+人物变化”推导（如“主角保护环境”对应“Responsibility”）。
4、排除干扰，验证答案
排除绝对化选项：含“all/never”的选项通常错误（如“Everyone disliked him”）。
代入检查：确保答案与段落情感一致（如消极段排除积极选项）。
三、2025 年考向预测
1、命题趋势升级
本土化叙事：结合北京文化（如故宫志愿服务、中轴线保护）或科技伦理（如 AI 辅助学习），
设置多模态文本（图文结合）。
复合型题目：增加“情节+情感+主题”综合题（如“分析主人公情感变化并总结主题”）。
2、高频题型分布
细节理解题（50%）：时间、地点、人物行为（如“Why did the boy cry ”）。
推理判断题（30%）：隐含动机、情感变化（如“从愤怒到和解”）。
主旨大意题（15%）：核心价值提炼（如“勇气”“亲情”）。
词义猜测题（5%）：结合上下文推测生词（如“perseverance”）。
3、热点话题预测
成长故事：克服身体障碍（如盲人励志故事）、学业压力（如高考奋斗）。
社会关怀：助人经历（如支教老师与学生互动）、环保行动（如社区垃圾分类）。
文化传承：非遗技艺（如京剧服饰设计）、传统节日（如春节习俗）。
四、备考建议
1、高频主题素材积累
分类整理模板：按主题（成长、亲情）整理高频词（如 perseverance, sacrifice）及短语（take
action）。
本土文化词汇：如“胡同—hutong”“中轴线—Central Axis”“冬奥遗产—Winter Olympics
legacy”。
2、真题模拟与错题复盘
限时训练：每篇控制在 8-10 分钟，模拟考场节奏（前 3 分钟速读，后 5 分钟精析）。
错题归类：按错误类型（逻辑误判、文化误解）整理，针对性强化（如整理转折信号词表）。
3、长难句与逻辑训练
句子主干提取：划出主谓宾，忽略修饰成分（如定语从句），快速定位核心信息。
逻辑词标记：圈画 but/however/therefore，预判上下文关系。
4、实战技巧优化
首尾段速成法：背诵万能开头（“This story tells us...”）和结尾（“The lesson is clear...”）。
情感匹配法：消极段落排除积极选项（如 2024 年真题中“失望→和解”排除“happy”）。
总结：2025 年北京中考记叙文阅读将更注重本土化叙事与深度逻辑分析，考生需通过“要素
提取+情感推理”双轨突破，强化高频考点（人物性格、主题归纳）及文化融合题型。建议结
合真题限时训练、错题归类及文化背景拓展，全面提升文本理解与主旨提炼能力。
【基础试题】
A
Citywalk can be a special guided trip for a small group of people, or simply a leisurely walk
for one or two to explore new areas, sticking to the key point: avoiding famous scenic spots and
big crowds to gain a more inclusive experience of the places you visit.
In China, the Citywalk trend is spreading from first-tier cities like Beijing and Shanghai to
second and third-tier cities, encouraging more participants and event organizers to take part.
Some organizers invite folk culture researchers and lovers to act as tour guides. Xiao Yiyi is
a young leader based in Changsha exploring new possibilities in the tourism sector. Recently she
launched six Citywalk routes in different cities on her social media account, with the aim of
providing experiences for visitors to “walk in open-air museums”.
Her Changsha route joins more unusual sights like historical buildings from the 19th
century, and even a stop-off to sample the local spicy crayfish specialty. Citywalk not only offers
a way for young people to interact with a city but also provides them with a new social scene,
where people who share the same interests and ideas can easily make friends. Xiao Yiyi said her
group usually consists of a dozen or so people and her events last around half a day.
Some regions, such as Beijing and Shandong, have included Citywalk in their plans to
promote cultural tourism and leisure tours. Shanghai has fixed Citywalk routes using public bus
routes to help day-trippers reach more far-flung districts by public transport and continue on foot.
Even though Citywalk is a relatively fun and new way, its potential is huge. Zhang Zhi, a
tour guide from Beijing said tourists nowadays are paying more attention to personalized travel
services. Many tour guides also try to expand their influence online, sharing their experiences to
attract potential customers.
Citywalk is offering a positive change to urban travelers. At the same time, Citywalk
represents an opportunity for tour guides and travel service providers to offer a more tailored,
professional service to meet with ever-changing market demands.
1．According to Xiao Yiyi, Citywalk ________.
A．has developed six bus routes to museumsB．has offered tourists chances shared online
C．involves fewer people and less time D．aims to help people develop friendship
2．Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Citywalk
A．Keeping away from the crowded spots.
B．Improving cultural tourism and leisure tours.
C．Providing tourism services to meet people’s needs.
D．Encouraging people to join in urban travelling.
3．Where can you probably read the passage
A．A travel guide. B．A news report.
C．A scientific research. D．A geography textbook.
B
Every day, Vicky traveled by bus between her office and home. She noticed something
special about the bus driver. Whenever the passengers got on the bus, he would smile at them.
However, Vicky also noticed a passenger who never smiled back at the driver. It seemed
that he never had any clean clothes. He often made big noises when he coughed. Every time he got
on the bus, he made the other passengers give up the seat to him in a loud voice. But the driver
still smiled at the passenger. Instead, the “noisy” man seemed to never see the smile.
This got Vicky more interested. Once, she asked the driver, “Sir, may I ask a question
Why don’t you throw that noisy man out of the bus ”
The driver looked at Vicky and said, “He’s my guest.”
“Then take back your smile at least. Don’t be so nice to him!”
“Let me tell you about my dog,” the driver said patiently.
“Each time the moon shines, my dog barks (狗叫) at it crazily.”
Hearing this, Vicky was confused and said, “Sorry, but I’m not sure what you’re trying to
tell me.”
The driver said, “It keeps barking, but the moon still shines.”
1．Vicky thinks the bus driver is special because the bus driver ________.
A．smiles to every passenger B．wears clean clothes
C．works hard every day D．drives too fast
2．To deal with the “noisy” man, Vicky advises the bus driver not to ________.
A．offer him a seat B．be kind to him
C．take back the smile D．throw him out of the bus
3．The story mainly wants to tell us that we should ________.
A．traveled by bus B．be impolite to others
C．be strict with ourselves D．always show our kindness to others
C
Thomas Edison lost his first job. For the next five years he went around the country from
job to job. At last Edison went to New York. He had little money. He could not buy enough food
to eat. He had no place to sleep.
For many days Edison looked for work, He was hungry. At last he found work fixing
machines. He could repair the old machines. He could also make new ones. The head man liked
Edison’s new machines. He was going to give Edison $40, 000 for them. Edison would now have
money to do what he wanted.
Thomas Edison was then 23. He used the money to build a shop in New Jersey. He had
many people working for him. But he worked harder than any of them, He rested very little. Soon
he was making more than 40 new things at one time. In 1876 Alexander Graham Bell made a
telephone. But it could carry voices only a short way. Edison wanted to make a better telephone.
He soon made one. It could carry voices a long way.
1．In New York ________.
A．Edison did not get a job
B．Edison found the work to fix machines
C．Edison got $40, 000 by fixing machines
D．Edison made more money by fixing old machines
2．The head man was interested in ________.
A．Thomas Edison B．the old machines C．the new machines D．Edison’s telephone
3．Edison made a telephone. It ________.
A．was the first one in the world B．carried more voices
C．carried voices more clearly D．carried voices much farther
【提升试题】
A
Today, as I was shopping at Woolworths, a kind employee (雇 员 ) surprised me with a
beautiful bouquet (束) of flowers. It was an unexpected act of kindness that reminded me of the
power of simple words and gestures.
Three years earlier, I was going through chemo and radiation treatment (放化疗) and felt
tired and down. My husband and children were also bearing a lot. One thing I could do to help
was to order our daily items online through click-and-collect services. Before checking out, I
would leave little comments like “Hope you’re having a good day!” or “Thank you for your hard
work.” for the person who packed our order.
Today, I found myself face-to-face with one of the employees who had packed our orders in
the past. I walked up to her and said, “Thank you so much for what you did! You guys are
fantastic!” She paused for a second and then asked my name. When I told her, she said, “Oh, you
are the lady who wrote notes for us!” She told me that those little notes truly cheered them up,
especially during the hard times of the COVID-19 pandemic. It was heartwarming to hear that
such small acts of kindness could make such a big difference.
After finishing my shopping, she came running up to me with a bouquet of flowers,
thanking me for brightening their day with my kind words. I never thought that my small acts
could make a world of difference in someone’s day. Even something as simple as saying thank
you or leaving a kind note can encourage them and make them feel valued and appreciated.
1．What did the author do to help her family during treatment
A．She offered free services to stores.
B．She bought lots of toy bears for her kids.
C．She became a comment writer for a hospital.
D．She ordered daily items online for her family.
2．Why did the employee recognize the author’s name when they met in person
A．Because the author was a regular customer.
B．Because they had worked together in the past.
C．Because they had seen each other at Woolworths before.
D．Because the author’s notes showed support and kindness.
3．What can be inferred about the author’s attitude toward small acts of kindness
A．She doesn’t value them. B．She is surprised by their value.
C．She does not believe in their power. D．She thinks that they are simply a waste.
B
My family has always had family dinners, as far as I can remember. Since I was a little boy,
my mother has insisted (坚持) that we attend family dinners at least once a week. Every Sunday,
my mother would prepare a lot of food and bring it to my grandma’s house. We would wait for
more family members to come before eating together at the table, my grandma’s dinner table.
I used to feel that was a little silly tradition. But now I find it’s fantastic to get together as a
family to talk about anything and everything after a long week of school and work. Every time I
sit at the dinner table, my grandma’s dinner table, I look around and find so many people who
truly love me. It’s a kind of love that feels so good. For me, dinner is not just a meal, but a chance
to connect with each other.
I finally realize the true meaning of this tradition. It’s not about the dinners or activities. It’s
about family, a group of people who care about each other. All the memories around my grandma’
s dinner table will last forever.
Now, I’m always expecting Sunday to arrive.
1．When do the writer’s family usually get together
A．On Sunday. B．On Monday. C．On Friday. D．On Saturday.
2．What does family dinner mean to the writer now
A．It is a family rule. B．It is a silly tradition.
C．It’s just a delicious meal. D．It’s a way to connect with family.
3．Why does the writer mention “my grandma’s dinner table” three times
A．He sees the table too often. B．He misses his grandma so much.
C．It’s the place full of family love. D．He loves the grandma’s cooking.
C
Joel Connor works in an office in Kansas. His job is a nine-to-five, Monday-to-Friday job.
So at the weekend he does something different. He helps people for free. Every weekend, there’s a
new project. This weekend Joel is helping to build a house. You can see him in the photo. He’s
moving a large blue board. All the people are “weekend builders”. These “weekend builders” are
from the small town of Greensburg in Kansas. A year ago, a tornado (龙卷风) hit their town. After
the tornado, the community started a project to build new homes. The project is for thirty new
homes.
Joel says, “I heard about the tornado and the new project. I knew some people in
Greensburg. I wanted to help.” Joel’s working with Jill and Scott Eller. Jill and Scott are building
their “dream house”. They’re making the house “tornado-resistant (可抵御的)”—that’s why it has
an unusual shape.
The Ellers’ house is almost ready, so next weekend Joel is moving to a different project.
Why does he do this at the weekend “I have time, I can help people, I make friends and it’s fun!
So why not ” he says.
1．What do we know about Joel Connor
A．He serves in building company. B．He does some part-time jobs.
C．He works for seven days in an office. D．He volunteers at the weekend.
2．Why was this weekend’s project started
A．A new town was built.
B．Many builders moved to the town.
C．Houses were pulled down by the tornado.
D．The community wanted to improve housing.
3．Which word can best describe Joel
A．Absent-minded. B．Warm-hearted.
C．Easy-going. D．Strange-looking.
【拔高试题】
A
The seventh graders’ School Day was over. Wilson was filling his backpack when an
announcement about the All-City Math Contest came out of the loudspeaker. The contest was
open to eighth and ninth graders. And the top prize was fifty dollars. Wilson was immediately
interested. “I could do really well in that contest,” he thought.
Excitedly, Wilson went to speak to his teacher, Ms. Jones. “I want to be in that math
contest, Ms. Jones,” he said. Ms. Jones looked up and replied, “That’s wonderful, Wilson, but this
contest is for eighth and ninth graders only. Besides, our class hasn’t studied most of the
material.” Wilson argued, “But you know I’m good at math! I do math problems with my brother
all the time—he’s in ninth grade! I think I could do really well!” However, Ms. Jones stood firm,
“You are a good math student, but rules are rules. You can enter next year.”
Wilson came home, stormed upstairs without saying a word, and shut the door to his room
heavily. His mother quickly appeared at his door, knocked, and came in. “Did something happen
today ” she asked. Wilson was quiet for a minute, and then it all came out. “It’s just not fair. I
know I could do well. Why won’t they let me join in that contest ”
Wilson’s mother put her hand on his shoulder and said softly, “Maybe you can tell your
teacher that this is one of those times when the rule should be bent or even broken.”
The next day, Wilson arrived at school an hour early and found Ms. Jones already at her
desk. “Good morning, Ms. Jones,” he said. “I’ve brought one of my brother’s ninth-grade practice
tests. If I take this test now and do a good job, can I be in the contest ”
His teacher was surprised. But then she looked over the test and replied, “As I told you
yesterday, Wilson, rules are rules. But if you can do well on this ninth-grade test, I will talk to the
principal.” Wilson nodded and started the test right away.
Forty minutes later, he handed it in. Ms. Jones graded it and said, “Even most ninth graders
wouldn’t get everything right, but you did! Well done! I’ll show this to the principal. I hope we
can make an exception for you.”
Wilson was overjoyed, giving his teacher a hug. His hard work and determination had paid
off, and his dream of joining in the contest was now within reach.
1．How did Wilson feel after he came home
A．Excited. B．Angry. C．Calm. D．Scared.
2．What did Wilson do to try to change Ms. Jones’ mind
A．He brought a ninth-grade practice test and offered to take it.
B．He promised to study hard so that he could be well-prepared.
C．He asked his mother to talk to Ms. Jones to change her mind.
D．He showed Ms. Jones the high scores he got in earlier math tests.
3．From Wilson’s experience, we can learn that ________.
A．“Well begun is half done”
B．“East or west, home is the best”
C．“Where there is a will, there is a way”
D．“Nothing can be achieved without rules”
B
Becky Schroeder was only 10 years old when she came up with the idea of the glow-paper.
The idea came to her when she tried to do her homework in the family car. It was getting dark, and
she could not look through her notebook anymore. She imagined how nice it would be to have a
kind of paper that glowed in the dark and allowed her to write even if there wasn’t light.
Becky decided to invent a product that would do just that. She started researching how toys
that glowed in the dark worked and found out they all used special paint. The paint keeps energy
when a light shines on it and then gives off light in the dark.
Becky bought some special paint. In the darkest room, she spent the evening doing
experiments with the paint and thousands of pieces of paper, one at a time, until she got it right.
Her invention is made of a board covered with special paint. Once a piece of paper is placed
on it, it glows and people can see their writing or read in the dark.
The invention is quite successful. It is used by photographers for their darkrooms and
medical workers in hospitals to read patients’ cards at night without waking them up. And people
remember Becky for that.
1．Where did Becky get the idea of the glow-paper
A．At home. B．In the car. C．At school. D．In the hospital.
2．What is Becky’s invention made of
A．A board covered with special paint. B．A notebook with special paper.
C．A box filled with special lights. D．A piece of paper with special ink.
3．Which is the correct order of the following events
①She bought some special paint. ②She started researching how toys glowed in the dark.
③She could not look through her notebook. ④She did experiments with the paint and paper.
⑤Her invention is used by photographers and medical workers.
A．①④③⑤② B．②③④①⑤ C．③②①④⑤ D．③①④②⑤
C
There is a big tree in the deep mountain. A mother eagle(鹰) and her three babies live in the
tree. One day the mother eagle said to her babies, “Come to the side of the nest.” The three babies
moved slowly and looked down, being afraid to go too far near the side. “We are afraid,” they
replied as they hid under the safety of their mother's comfortable wings. “Come here,” she
encouraged,“I’ll help you.” They came and with a loving and watchful eye, the mother eagle
slowly pushed the young babies out of their nest. And being brave, the babies flew up and began
their colorful life.
Just as an eagle flies far above the mountains and farms, higher and higher into the blue
sky.
You can go on your own journey and you are more independent. Then a whole, new, clear,
great life lies before you.
In our journey through life, like the baby eagles, we hope to have new, exciting experiences
and a meaningful future. So be brave, independent and take a step out of your comfortable home,
you can get where you want to be tomorrow.
1．The underlined word “nest” means ________ .
A．房间 B．帐篷 C．树 D．巢
2．The mother eagle pushed the young babies out of their nest to ________ .
A．make them afraid B．show her deep love to the babies
C．let them begin their colorful life D．let them know the danger outside
3．From the passage, we know we should ________ .
A．help each other to get more success B．be brave and independent
C．have a meaningful past D．learn from others
